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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. : J A M ES G ARDNER. J RT_ TERMS. Daily, per annum Tri-Weekly, per annum 6 00 If paid in advance b CO Weekly, per annum 00 If paid in advance 2 50 To Clubs, remitting £lO ix advance, FIVE COPIES are sent. This will put our Weekly pa per in the reach of new subscribers at TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. UPSubscribers who will pay up arrearages, and tend four new subscribers, with the money, can get the paper at $2 00. new subscriptions must be paid in ad- | vance. [UPPostage must be paid on all communications and letters of business. 1 [From the Mobile Register, 13th ins/.] Later from Mexico. The U. S. brig Washington, Lieut. Com manding S. P. Lee, 8 days from Anton Lizar do, arrived off Mobile Point yesterday morn ing, bound for Pensacola. Lieut. Rogers of the navy, bearer of despatches to Washington, who came a passenger by the Washington, was placed on board a pilot boat outside the bar and reached here last evening. We arc in debted to Lieutenant Rogers, for the informa tion, that on the morning before the Washing ton sailed the steamer Vixen arrived from To basco bringing intelligence that shortly after Com. Perry leftTobasco, Commander Bigelow who had been left in charge of that post, went out about six miles from the town and attack ed and put to rout a largely superior force of the Mexicans, with the loss of two killed and some six or eight wounded. The Mexican loss not ascertained. Lt. Rogers understood the Mexicans were commanded by Col. Garde, and that they numbered some five or six hun dred- Com. Bigelow’s command consisted of Mine three hundred sailors and marines.— Commodore Perry was preparing to sail for j Tobasco. Nothing later had been heard from Den. Scott, and there was no news at Vera Cruz. The Raritan and the Potomac, the former from Tobasco and the latter from Vera Cruz, had sailed for Norfolk. There were lying at Anton Lizardo the steam ships Mississippi and Vixen, and the ships AI- j bany, Germantown, John Adams and Decatur. The health of the squadron was good. The Washington left Anton Lizardo on the eve ning of the 4th inst. We arc indebted also to Lieutenant Rogers for the following account of a fire on board the steamship Mississippi. On the night of the 2nd July, aboxxt 10 o'- , clock, shortly after the officers and crew of the Mississippi had turned in, an alarm was heard from the engine room, from one of the engi neers, calling earnestly to the firemen to bring buckets of water. The order had shortly be fore been given to have steam at daylight, and the fires had just been kindled. Smoke was at the same time seen to rise from the neighbor hood of the steam chimney, and a smell of burning pine wood was perceptible throughout the ship. The Commodore immediately gave the order to beat to quarters, arid proceeded with Lieutenant Commanding Sidney Smith Lee to the engine room, to ascertain the scene and cause of the fire. The officers and crew promptly repaired by divisions to their stations for extinguishing the fire. Preparations were at once made for flooding the magazine, and lines of men formed to pass water buckets i from the gangway and port to the deck above the boilers, from under which the smoke was j issuing. The getting up of steam was acccle- | rated to command the powerful aid of the cn- j gine in pumping water when it might be need- j ed, and thus make fire fight fire. The pumps and fire engine, which a day or two before had * been with their hose, examined and found in order, were quickly rigged and streams of wa- , ter poured in the direction of the smoke. It was the conjecture of the engineers that the felt above the boilers was on fire, and was ignit ing the deck above it. The deck above the boilers was promptly scuttled, and the water directed through the holes thus made. The smoke and smell of turpentine still con tinued to increase in the engine room, render ing the atmosphere almost too suffocating for endurance. Meantime the uncertainty that existed as to the cause and location of the fire, evidently not at the point from which the smoke and smell px-oceeded, occasioned the officers to visit ever)’ part of the ship, and feel carefully with the hand for the place of great est heat. This at last was discovered to be in the starboard coal bunker, amidships, the in ner side of which was heated intensely, as was in a less degree the woodwork in immedi ate contact with it. About the same time, on lifting the plates over the mainholes in the spar deck by order of the Commodore, who from the first had conjectured that the coal bunker was the real scene of the fire, smoke was found to issue from the manhole in the starboard waist, nearest the part of the coal bunker which was found to be heated below. Streams of water from buckets and hose were nt onee poured down through the manhole and through a scuttle cut in the deck above the point of greatest heat, and the suffocating smoke, heat and odor in the engine room was found to diminish sensibly. It was now known that the fire could have been occasioned by no other cause than spon taneous combustion in the coal bunker. The slide of the shoot below, on the opening of ■which the coal rushes out into the fire room, was carefully closed, and no possibility existed of fire having been intentionally communica ted by an ill designing person, had there been such in the ship. The coal bunker being thoroughly flooded, the heat, and smoke had so far disappeared that at 12 o’cloek, the retreat wus beat and one w’atch left to remove the heated coal and provide for the safety of the ship. When the coal was all discharged, a beam which run through it, w r as found charred to the depth of half an inch, having the appearance of having been exposed, not merely to an intense heat, but to the flames, and the deck above it, was likewise charred in the same manner, for a space of ten feet. On the following night, a growing heat was discovered in the larboard midship coal bunker, and in the adjoining wood work. One watch of the crew was turned out and the removal of the coal commenced. In getting out the coal, the part of it was reached where the process of ignition was going on. Lumps of coal were taken out sufficiently hot to be pain ful to touch, and particles had the appearance of cinders. The presence of sulpher in unusu al quantities, in this coal, was apparent to the sight and smell. Nothing could be finer than the dsplay of order discipline and high moral courage ex hibited by every man and boy in the Missis sippi, throughout this appalling scene. At one time the heat and smoke in the engine room perceptibly increasing, in defiance of the efforts made to arrest the progress of the fire, which was expected every moment to break out in flames still more unconquerable. Yet in this ship, loaded with powder and shells fill ed and fuzied, nothing was seen but order, subordination, and a universal effort of each to perform with zeal his alotted duty. There was no noise, no confusion, no unnecessary orders. Those that were necessary were given with altomess and in the ordinary tone of command. Though several foreign vessels of war were near the Mississippi, and the beat to quarters, the rapid and resounding stroke of the pumps, and the smoke issuing from the engine room must have been perceptible to the surrounding shipping, yet so evident was the capacity of the ship, for the present at least, to take care of herself, that the compliment was paid her of tendering no offer of assistance, though assist ance would have doubtless been cheerfully rendered had the emergency grown more criti cal. The officers and crew of the Mississippi have frequently of late been under the fire of an enemy, but the composure with which they performed their duty bears no comparison to the moral sublimity of their bearing in the presence of this fannore appalling enemy. This composure was especially meritorious in I the Commodore and his acting Captain, who i having in other respects the same stake with ■ the officers and crew, had beside to bear the awful responsibility to the service and coun try, of the threatened loss by fire, of the second i and last of those magnificent steamers, which through built seven years ago, have not since, in any country been surpassed, if they have been equalled. This notice is published Avith the motiA’e of putting those Avho sail steamers on their guard against one of the dangei’s that menace them from unsafe fuel, and at the same time of re lieving any anxiety, that may be felt among those having friends on board the Mississippi at any exaggerated account they may hear of the tire on bo;ird of her. I From the St. Louis Republican, of July 7.] Prom Santa Fc. We com’ersed this morning Avith Mr. Mur phy, an intelligent gedtloman, Avho had just arrived from Santa Fo. lie left that place on the 29th of May, and furnishes us Avith details of some very interesting occurrences in New Mexico. On the 27th of May, Mr. Murphy informs us, an engagement took place at the Red river j Canon , one hundred and fifty miles South Fast of Santa Fc, between a detachment of our troops, Under the command of Major Edmond son, amounting to about one hundred and I seventy-five men, and a band of Mexicans and Apache Indians, supposed to number four hundred men. These men Were combined to gether for the purpose of committing depre dations upon American property, and a few | days previous had succeeded in stealing 150 horses from the traders and othex-s. Major Edmondson had been ordered out for the purpose of routing them. At the place indicated, he came upon the enemy rather sud denly, and not very advantageously for his operations. He Avas crossing a slough at the mouth of the Canon, which was very miry, and many of his horses being in a weak condi tion, he Avas forced to abandon them, they , being unable to get through the mire. The engagement took place on foot, and lasted for some tAvo hours. It was not known hoAv many of the enemy Averc killed, but tAvo Americans Avcre killed and a third Avas Avounded and re luctantly left on the ground -when a retreat ! was ordered. Lieut. Elliot, in command of 27 men, principally Laclede Rangers, rendered A*ery efficient service at this juncture. He : occupied a point of rocks, and kept the enemy from advancing upon the retreating force until they had got out of their difficult position. In doing this serA’ice, he had two men Avounded —M. W. Wash and John Eldridge —but neither of them dangerously. All the horses were cither shot doAvn or captured. On the 3d of June, Lieut. Col. Willoek, Avith about one hundred and fifteen men, Avas met on his inaix-h from Taos, in pursuit of the Mexican and Indian focos. He had got upon their trail, and was resolved upon an eagage , ment with 'them. He had Mr. Boggs Avith I him, as a guide through the passage of the ■ mountains. Circumstances had led them to ! suspect Jim Beckwith, a mulatto, born in this I city, but for many years employed in the 1 mountains, as having been concerned with the | Mexicans and Indians in the affair Avith Major 1 Edmondson. He was found in Taos, and ar rested by Col. Willoek, and Avas taken Avith him on this expedition. We are sorry to hear that a garrsion of only fifteen soldiers Avas left j at Taos, ail of Avhom we - e on the sick list. Co’. Price Avas at Santa Fc, with portions of several companies of volunteers. Os his movements and plans Ave knoAV nothing. Mr. Murphy met Mr. Wetherod, some other traders, and tAvo government trains of wagons at the crossing of the PaAvnce Fork. They had been detained there for three or four days by a freshet in the river, -which prevented them from fording it. At this point, the Indians annoyed them \*cry much, and succeeded in : killing a hundred and fifty head of cattle be longing to the government train, (under charge of Capt. Bell, wagon-master,) and Mr. Good rich, of this city, also lost tAAxnty-seA’en .ani mals in the same way. The cattle Avere all speared, and their tails cut off close, to be as trophies of victory. A Mr. Smith of Platte county, who was on guard at the time, re ceived seA r cn spear wounds, one of which struck him in the throat, but it aa-hs the opinion of the physician who Avas along, that he Avould re cover. About this time, or shortly after, this party,who Avere travelling the River road, heard the discharge of cannon on the Rridge road and as a train of government Avagons, haAfing a piece of artillery Avith them, Avere on that route, it is supposed that an attack had been made upon them by the Indians, Lieut. Love’s command of Dragoons, Avith the money for the pay of the troops at Santa Fe, Avas met a few hours travel from the Paw j nee Fork, going on well. Eight miles from Coxmcil Grove, Mr. Mur phy met Cuniffe and other traders. They had determined to wait there until reinforcements should come up. Mr, Murphy mot Captain Shephard’s company of Infantry near Council Grove. The companies of mounted men under Capts. McNair and Korponay, were met 15 miles from 110, going on well. Mr. Murphy heard nothing of the news brought to Westport, by the “DelaAvare In dian,” some days ago, of the attack upon a j train of goA'ernment wagons, and the killing of some fifty teamsters and others, near Walnut Creek. It is, therefore, presumed to be total ly unfounded. California. Col. Wm. 11. Russell, Secretary of the Ter ritory of California, came in Avith Mr. Murphy, and is the bearer of despatches from Col. Fre mont for the Government at Washington.— Col. R., avc learn, stopped at his residence iix CalloAva county, to see his family. He may be looked for in this city in a day or two, and Ave then expect a full account of operations in California. The latter end of March is the time at which Col. Russell is understood to ha\’e left Mon terey. His information will, doubtless, be in teresting. Meanwhile, as Ave cannot yet know what has been going on there, Ave may as avcll allude to a rumor Avhich has becoixxe quite cur rent in this city. It is known that Lieut. Kit Carson, Avho left this city a few days ago, on his Avay to California, was the bearer of des patches from the GoA'ernment at Washington, to its agents and officers in California. Lieut. Cai-son received these despatches at Washing ton. It Is said that one of the documents in question is a commission constituting Col. Fre mont Governor of California, although if avg be asked by what right Mr. Polk creates and fills such an office, in a territory not belong ing to the TJnited States, we must ans Aver that we cannot tell. So the report goes, hoAA-ever. It is furthermore said that he is to be alloAved to A-isit the United States this fall, for the pur i pose of making such arrangements as will en able him to take his family to the new Pro i vidnee, of which he is to be the Governor. A\ ill the Washington Union enlighten the public on this head? [From the New Orleans Delta, \4rth x«s/.] Mexico. We shall receive tlirce days later news from Vera Cruz to-day, per steamship Galveston, I which left on the 10th inst. We do not how ever, expect anything new or interesting by , her, as Gen. Scott, it is pretty well settled, j could not have left Puebla before the Ist ot July, and would be several days on the march, | with all the communications in Iris rear cut off. * We think the next news from Gen. Scott 1 will be of the most exciting and interesting | character of any which has yet been received from the scene of war. A severe and decisive battle will, no doubt, be fought before the road j to the capital is left open. The immediate re sult of this, in our opinion, will be the occupa- j tion of the city by our troops. Os the issue of a battle there never was less doubt. So far from delaying Gen. Scott’s movements, we be lieve that, with his large and complete force, a | battle will only give new vigor to his onward j march. The liight of the Mexicans will, no ' doubt, accelerate the march of our boys, and give life and variety to the journey. By the j loth of July we think Gen. Scott was knock ing at the gates of the Capital. If a battle has been fought on this side of the city, Gen. Scott will be saved the disagreeable alterna tive of bombarding it. He will have a free entrance into it. There are no doubt many people there who desire to make it a trium phal entry and an occasion for rejoicing. We hope that our army, and the friends of our i arms, will so demean themselves that the ; groundless hatred and prejudice of theMcxi- i ' cans will be changed into friendship and es- i j teem. Republicans can afford to be generous , 1 and magnanimous, j Let no ostentatious display of our power i i mortify or olFend the pride of our weaker ; i enemy. But at ting same time vigorous, cau- j j tious and judicious steps should be taken to j : complete and secure our triumph. Gen. Scott ; will soon find —indeed we understand that he i has already come to that conclusion —that ne- , go fiat ion with the Mexicans will only follow their subjugation —that they will not listen to ! pacific overtures Until they arc placed in the attitude of supplians* We repeat our frequent | ly expressed opinion, that there will be no j peace until the whole country is subdued and j occupied by our arms. [ From the New York Globe.] The Character of Whigr Politicians, as por trayed by a leading 1 Whig Mr. Giddings, the well known Whig Aboli ; tion member of Congress from Ohio, recently | made a speech at Concord, New Hampshire* | We find a portion of that characteristic speech, ; in the Boston Whig, from which we copy the ! following graphic portrait which Mr. G. draws j of his Whig associates. It looks straight into the faces and secret workings of his Whig I brethren. It pictures them out in flames of | living light: l£sgr "•Those Whigs, (says Mr. Giddings,) rnr who have pot up this movement in favor of isgr General Taylor, knowing him to be in favor I tfif' of extendi up shivery, are men of desperatepo- 1 litical fortunes, xolio have become anxious to ' tfrtf share in the spoils of office; they are. men mr who would sell their party, their country and tfyjf their God for an ephemeral success; ortoen - ! able them to husk in the sunshine of Execu five favor. They have underrated the in ' CJf telligence of the people. They believe the tmeses to be as politically corrupt as those | {Jiff who seek, to mislead them . Time will cle i tgSjf* monstrato their error.’* What say our neighbors of the Exptvs*, the j Courier and Enpurler, the Tribune, the Albany ; | Evening Journal, the Troy Post, his Excellency | i Gov. You no, and their Whig colleagues, who | “have got up this movement in favor of Gen. i Taylor?” What say the Whigs of other por tions of the Union, who have been attempting the same, to this accusation? Can it be pos sible that they are all “ men of desperate politi- \ cal fortunes, who have become so anxious to share j in the spoils of office,’” that they “ would, sell their party, their country and their GOD, for an ephemeral success, or to enable them to bask in the sunshine of Executive favorf* And yet such is, the graphic picture drawn of these men by one of there own party —one who has enjoyed and who still enjoys the confidence ' of flat Whig party, to an almost unpreceden ted degree. Can any Whig deny this? Mr. Giddings himself says: “I have represented in Congress the strongest Whig district in the Union for ten years. lam the oldest member on tbat floor but two; John Quincy Adams and Mr. Rhett of South Caro lina, are the only members who have held their present scats longer than I have mine.— And I tell you that if every Whig district in this nation bows in submission, that district will stand Ann to their principles of Liberty. lam authorized to say that. No cause upon this earth will ever extort a vote from her sons in favor of a man that stands forth an advo cate for the extension of the slaveholding pow ers.” We rest, now—and leave these Whigs of i “desperate fortunes” to defend themselves, or I own up. , /vrvrvrvrvrvrw Money Watters, &c., in Boston. The Boston Courier of Monday week, says : ! Money has become so abundantly plenty that I lenders have submitted to five and four and a : half per cent interest, and it is said that some of the banks have made loans below- the legal standard. The share market exhibits a slight improvement in quotations, but with limited transactions, which are usual at this season of the year. The rate at which the new city loan has been taken, will give the holders nearly six per cent, and portions of it have al ready been disposed of at a handsome profit. As in the case of the government loan, parties who had not the courage and decision neces sary for an. original bid, now come forward and pay the speculators a round premium for those qualities. A good deal of dissatisfaction has been expressed, and some reflections indulged in by unsuccessful bidders, without sufficient cause, it would seem, as the field was open to all. It is, however, not a little singular that Boston fives should be sold below those of N. York. Railway shares of the dividend class con tinue to be in good favor and demand for in vestment, and prices are daily and steadily ad vancing. The other descriptions are gradually approximating to a relative standard of value, under the influence of those healthful fluctu ations which give them life, and attract atten tion to their present and prospective merits. Nearly all of the solid stocks passed through ordeals similar in kind, if not in degree, and have come out like refined gold from the fire. The Warren Insurance company has resum ed payment of dividends, and it is understood that the stock now stands upon the books, at about ten per cent above par. Eastern Railroad. —Incorporated in 1836. Opened in 1841. Length, do Miles. Cost, ,|i2,388,000. Year. Receipts. Expenses. Net-Income. Dividends. 1811, $299,574 154,959 144,615 6 per cent. 1842, 269,168 114,040 125,128 6 1843, 279,562 101,641 174,921 6A “ 1841, 337,238 109,319 227,919 % u 1845, 350.150 116,840 233,310 8 “ 1846, 371,338 162,80-1 208,534 8 “ % 1.907,630 792,603 1,114,427 42 per cent. [ From the Baltimore American , 15f/i i/urf.] • Occur Steamships. On the 4th instant, the Britannia left Liver- ; pool for Boston; on the 10th, the American Steamship Washington left Southampton for New York; the 12th, the French steamship Philadelphia left Cherbourg for the same place; on the 19th, the Hibernia will leave Liverpool for Boston; and on the 20th, the new steam ship Gaudalquiver will leave Liverpool for New York. The departures from this country will be as follows, excluding the Cambria, which sailed on the Ist. The Caledonia will leave Boston on the 16th; the Sarah Sands will leave New York about the 20th; the Union will leave New York on the 24th; and the Britannia will leave Boston on the Ist of Au i gust. The steamship Gaudalquiver will come to tliis country under the command of Capt. Hos ken, formerly of the Great Western, and who had ; in charge the Grcatjßritain when she unfor tunately grounded on the Irish coast. She will not return to Europe, having been built for a company in New \ork, to run as a pack et between that city and Havana* Capt. H. will leave her on her arrival in this country, as she will become an American vessel, and | under the United States navigation laws, will 1 be commanded by an American. French Line o f Steamers. —Annexed Is a table | of the days of departure of each steamer of the French line from Cherbourg to New \ork, and vice versa ; . Steamers. From Cherbourg. From N. York. Philadelphia July 15 August 15 Missouri July 31 August 31 New York August 15 Sept. 15 Union August 3 1 Sept. 30 Augusta, (Georgia. TUSSDAY IVIOHmNG?JULY 20. FOR GOVERNOR HON. 6. W. TOWNS. OF TALBOT. General Taylor, The Ordinance of 1787, and the Veto. We give place very cheerfully to the article of our valued correspondent “Onslow.” We have some comments however to make which we wish to be taken in connection with the subject. It will be perceived by our readers that the position in which General Taylor is placed, by bis letter approbatory of the edito | rial of the Morning Signal, had not escaped us. In a recent editorial we called attention to it. But we wish again to express our conviction that Genenal Taylor is misjudged by those who suppose that he intended to indorse the i sentiments of his anti-slavery and namesake in reference to the ordinance of 1787, and the veto power as applied to it —or to the Wilmot Proviso —which is substantially the same thing. We feel assured that no Southern man, born and bred on Southern soil, a slaveholder and surrounded through life, by all the associations which must dictate the pro priety of defending Southern rights in conuec ■ tion with slavery from the slightest infraction, could for a moment sanction the ruthless as sault organized against those rights in the shape of the Wilmot Proviso. The editor of the Signal has unquestionably misjudged the man and misconstrued the letter, if lie find in that letter any “encouraging indication” that General Taylor will be found arrayed in oppo sition to the South on this question. We feel confident, notwithstanding the general terms ■ of approval used by him in reference to the sen i timents and views embraced in the editorial of the Morning Signal, that the Charleston Mercury Will prove correct in asserting that General Tay * lor will prove an obstacle in the way of the Wilmot Proviso men. Our construction of Gen ! oral Taylor’s letter, is, neither that he did not read the editorial in question, nor that lie was ignorant of the prolusions of the Ordinance of 1787. But that he meant simply to express an approval of the general tenor of the article, | in respect to its patriotic scritiiticnts, and its suggestion of the necessity of a new dynasty to harmonize conflicting interests. That the editorial was cursorily read and its bearings not fully studied, and that the letter was also written without duly reflecting that it would attract the eyes of the entire nation, and every word he weighed as if in golden scales, with the most scrupulous study of its probable, plausible, and possible meaning, and its most remote bearings, wo strongly believe. We shall await with some impatience for a more ; explicit exposition from the author, of his ! opinions on the questions involved. We can i never believe, until we see it in the most cx | plicit language from his own pen, that Gen eral Taylor will be found an advocate of the ■ Wilmot Proviso. His letter of the 18th May, j made its appearance in Georgia subsequent to j the sitting of the Democratic Convention — i subsequent in fact to the sitting of the Whig ; Convention; for the latter could not in the j very teeth of that distinct and positive refusal i j of General Taylor to be the candidate of any i party, have been guilty of the absurdity of nominating him as their party candidate. It is very certain that if that letter, unexplained as it still is, had been before the Democratic Convention, the proposition made to it in con nection with his name would not have been submitted to that body. We noAv invite the attention of our readers to the follow communication: [for the constitutionalist.] Southern statesmen are making an effort to excite the people of this section of the Union in opposition to the principles of the Wilmot Proviso. They are called upon to forget for a time party distinctions, and rally together to resist Northern aggression. It would not i probably be doing injustice to say that Mr. Calhoun is the head of this movement. Ever ready for the conflict, when the South is in vaded, he has already sounded the note of alarm to Southern slaveholders from his place in the Senate of the U. States. It has never, I think, been very clearly announced by what plan this most righteous war of defence is to be waged; but it is reported in the public prints, and not contradicted that I know of, that Gen. Taylor is the choice of the Carolina politicians for the Presidency, mainly for the reason that he being a slaveholder, the rights of the South in the extensive domain to be acquired West of the Rio Grande will be ef fectually secured by his election. Whether this be true or not, I know the proposition was made in the last Gubernatorial Convention to pledge the Democracy of Georgia to the sup port of Gen. Taylor in preference to any can didate “who did not distinctly repudiate the i principles of the Wilmot Proviso. It w ould be an amusing commentary on all this protes tation and patriotism, should it be ascertained that Gen. Taylor has not only not repudiated the principles of the Wilmot Proviso, but has substantially endorsed them. And yet all this I affirm to be true, speaking from the record. Let us see how the documents will sustain this position. In his letter, dated the 18th May, 1847, and addressed to the editor of the Morning Signal, published in Cincinnati, Gen. Taylor says : “With these remarks, I trust you will par don me for thus briefly replying to you, which I do with a high opinion and approval of the sen iimeats and vines embraced in your editorial." Among other “sentiments and views” in the editorial about which he is writing, there oc curs the following : “The American people are about to assume the responsibility of framing the institutions of the Pacific States. We have no fears for the issue, if the arena of the high debate is the assemblies of the people and their repre sentative halls. The extension over the Conti nent beyond the Rio Grande of the ordinance of 1787, is an object too high and permanent to he baffled by Presidential vetoes. All that we ask of the incumbent of the highest office under the constitution, is to hold his hand, to bow to the will of the people as promulgated in legislative forms, and restrain the Executive action in ap propriate channels.” That part of the ordinance of 1787, materi ; al to our present purpose, reads thus ; 1 “Art. G. There shall be neither slavery nor j involuntary servitude in said territory other - wise than in the punishment of crimes where of the party shall have been duly convicted.” The Wilmot Proviso, about which so much has been said and written, is identical in moan ing, and almost so in words. The approval of the one necessarily becomes the approval of the other. It reads thus; “ Provided further, That there shall be ileith er slavery nor involuntary servitude in any territory on the Continent of America Avhich shall hereafter be acquired by, or annexed to the United States, by virtue of this appropria tion, or in any other manner whatever, except for crimes whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.” Now will any unprejudiced man say this is special pleading to make out a case? Before ( such a judgment can be rightfully pronounc- , ed, it must be shown, either that the old hero J had never road the editorial he so warmly ap- ; proved, or else he was ignorant of the provis ions of the ordinance of 1787. Gen. Taylor’s correspondent put the same j construction on the letter that is here adopt- j ed, and this fact is plainly evidenced by a sub- J sequent editorial* In the Morning Signal, a few days later than the publication of the epis tle from which I have extracted, we find the following: “The public attention! is occupied with one encouraging indication. We may hope, from the whole tenor of the publication, that the confident claim recently advanced by the Charleston Mercury, that Gen. Taylor will prove ail obstacle to the firm determination of the American people to extend the ordinance of 1787 over the Western territories, is not like ly to be realized by the event.” If, by the expression, “Western territories,” be indicated the Mexican territory West of the Rio Grande, the whole sentence is pregnant with meaning; if otherwise, then it is non sensically false* The letter of the lßth May, is pronounced a forgery by the National Whig, who, howev er, does not condescend to give reasons for his opinion, blit its genuineness is not doubted by the Cincinnati papers. The italics in the extracts are mine; ONSLOW. The Southern Quarterly Review. The July No. of this valuable work is before us, and is full of excellent articles. We have read several with great pleasure and derived from them much agreeable information. The article “China and the Chinese,” is most de lightful reading, and imparts more knowledge of China—Chinese character, customs and in stitutions, their government and religion, than any similar number of pages we have ever met ! with. The subject is thoroughly handled, ■ and the reader feels after finishing the article as if he had extracted and enjoyed the essdft.ee of a dozen pleasant books on that interesting country and her people. The folloAving are the titles of the articles contained in this number. The article enti | tied “Slavery in the United States,” is especi- I ally worthy the attention of the Southern reader. Article I. China and the Chinese. “ 11. Robert Hall’s Works. “ 111. Carolina Sports. “ IV. Slavery in the United States. “ V. The Valley of the Amazon. “ VI. Ecclesiastical History of England. “ VII. Fanny Kemble. “ VIII. The Law of libel. “ IX. Critical Notices. Steam Ship Iris. This fine steamer, recently built in New York, and intended as a regular packet be tween that city and Charleston, on Friday evening star ted on a pleasure excursion up Cooper river and around Charleston harbor.— She had on board a large number of ladies and gentlemen, and returned to the city about 7 o’clock in the evening. The Charleston papers speak in the highest praise of her. She has proved herself not only a fast boat, but a staunch one, for none but a avcll built vessel could stand the thumping she recently received on Cape Remain, for eighteen hours, and come off with Avhole bones. The Iris started on her re turn trip to New York on Saturday afternoon. How they Do it. The “twenty-eight gallon” law in Massa chusetts is evaded by buying twenty-nine gallons, and selling twenty-eight back. Catch a Yankee or a weasel asleep, will you? Bernard Genois, Esq., one of the eldest and most respectable citizens of New Orleans, died in that city on the the 12th inst., at the advanced aged of 96, The Cotton Crop in Alabama, . The Mobile Advertiser, of the 14th instant, says—“ Our account* of the growing crop arc more unfavorable. The continued and very heavy rains with which we have been visited here in the city have extended to the interior, and arc doing much injury to cotton. An in telligent planter in a letter to a merchant of this city, dated “Groensborough, Alabama, July 9th,” writes as follows : “It is still rain ing, and the boll-worm, is doing a good deal of mischief. From all appearances the damage will be equal to that of last year. Such quan tities of rain have scarcely ever been known to fall in the same length of time—now over a week and nearly every day in torrents. I shall be satisfied if I make as much as I did last year, which was only about 300 pounds per acre. My present crop is all of four weeks behind that of last year.”. Another Water-Wonder. The Baltimore Sun of the 17th inst. says— “ The Philadelphians have the promise of an arrival in their harbor of almost as great a cu riosity as the Chinese junk. One Capt. Wil liam Adams left Wilmington, it seems, on Thursday morning, iu what is called a “pas senger gum-elastic sea-safety trunk,” bound to Philadelphia, with provisions sufficent for a voyage of three days. The trunk is 30 inches long by about 20 inches broad and as many deep. It was once written that “throe wise men of Gothan went to sea in a bowl,” and there really appears to be a natural affinity between a bowl and the water; but the idea of navigating in a trunk—a veritable trunk— which has no such desirable property, seems indeed wondrous strange.” The lion, 1. E. Morse, has received the nomination of the Democrats of the fourth District of Louisiana, for re-election to Con gress. iPaixhan Guns. A writer in the Charleston Mercury states that the idea of the Puixhan gun originated with the late Dr. Cooper, of South Carolina; A Mexican circus company arrived At New Orleans on Saturday; It is Under the direc tion of Mr. Stephen Foote, and nUmbers six teen performers, among w'horrl are too durk eyed Mexican Scnoritas, from whose well poised glances, the Delta forebodes destruction to somebody. The performances of the troupe ' arc said to be of the most skillful order; | The New York Journal of Commerce of the j 15th inst., says—“ The hail storm, Os wdiioh we ; had a touch on Tuesday afternoon, appears have been quite extensive. It avas accompa nied by a gale of wind, which in some places prostrated the growing corn, and did other damage. At Guildcrland, Albany co., some of the hail stones were as large as pigeons’ eggs; and fell in such profusion as completely to cover the ground. In the vicinity of Bos ton the blow was quite severe though we he. r nothing of hail there.” Where is the Sarah Sands. Tills steamer, which sailed front Liverpool on the 15th of June, is now in her thirty fifth day. Considerable anxiety prevails for her safety; ecopy with great pleasure the follow ing paragraph in reference to the sons of our distinguished fellow-citizen, Mathew Hall Mc- Allister. They arc worthy sons of an honora ble sire: We arc gratified to loam that our young townsman, M. 11. McAllister* Jr*, has taken the first prize in the first division of the class of 1847, in Yale College, for English composi tion. His eldest brother, Cadet Julian McAl lister, has recently passed his examination at West Point with distinction, being one of the first foUr. It affords us pleasure to see our Savannah boys acquitting themselves so credi tably. [From the WnshintrUm Uiiicm, 16 th inst.] The Revenue. We have procured fiom the Treasury an of ficial letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, in reply to a communication from the Hon. Mr. Adams, of Mississippi* which letter, with the table annexed, are given, below.- It ap pears that the actual augmentation of receipt for duties for the first seven months and ten days under the tariff of 1846, as compared w ith the same time Under the huff of 1842, exceeds one million of dollars! and that, adding the duties on the warehoused goods, the total in crease is nearly one million and a half of dol lars. It appears also that the rate of augmenta tion is progressing, and that Mr. Walker’s esti mate will be more than realized by the result. Treasury Department, July 16, 1847. Sir: The gross receipts from customs from the Ist of December, 1846, to the 10th July, 1847, under the tariff of 1846, compared with the same period of the previous year under the tariff of 1842, exhibits an increase of the tariff of 1846 of one million and four thousand dollars. This is exclusive of the duties ac crued on goods in warehouse under the new warehousing law, which is nearly half a mil lion, and will make the total augmentation of duties accrued during the first seven months and ten days of the tariff of 1816, compared with the same time under the tariff of 1842, about one million and a half of dollars. Since my last letter to you, wo have receiv ed returns for the month of June and the first ten days of July, which would seem to indi cate that the augmentation of revenue is still progressing. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. J. WALKER, Secretary of the Treasury. Hon. S. Adams, Pontotoc, Miss. Comparative statement of gross receijts from customs at the ports of the Untied States during the. months of December, 1815 and 1816, and January to July 10, 18 lit and 1817, under the respective tariffs of 1812 atul 1846. 1845-U 1816-’7. De ccmber $2,1 06,326 $2.103,825 January 2,316,269 2,619,21! February 2.201.319 2.151.075 March.'. 4,108.356 3,137,106 April 2,899,311 3,385,964 May 2.088,517 2,333.477 June 2,574,268 2,512509 July 10 714,266 988,319* 19,009,032 20,013,2;% 19,009,032 Excess of tariff of 13 k 3 ,51,001,254 *Not all the ports. Treasury Department, July 16, 1847. The exports of Cotton Goods from Boston were, in June 4306 bales, against 1387 in June 1846. Os these shipments 2358 -went to Val paraiso, 687 to Canton, 297 to Calcutta, 350 to Bavaria, and 226 to Sandwich Islands. Thu exports of Ice from Boston in June w r ere 6776 tons, against 2930 same month last year. New' Orleans took 4148 tons. East Indies 403. Calcutta 700. Vera Cruz 300. Rio 253.