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mm iwmii i in ■an mi i Timr i 1 it ~r THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. JAMES GARDNER, JR. ’ TERMS. Daily, per annum $8 OO Tri-Weekly, per annum 6 00 If paidin advance 5 00 Weekly, per annum " 00 If paid in advance To Clubs, remitting $lO in advance, FDE COPIES are sent. This will put our Weekly pa per in the reach of new subscribers at TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. who will pay up arrearages, and send four new subscribers, with the monej , can get the paper at $2 00. TT'All new subscriptions must be paid in ad vance. lO 3 Postage must be paid on all communications and letters of business. To the Editors of the Savannah Georgian. I regret very much, that the necessity is | imposed upon me, of replying to a notice in your paper of Monday morning, under the ■head of “The Central Kail Hoad and the •Chicago Convention.” I did not regard the attack of the Augusta Constitutionalist on the Directors of this Comp an v, nor the fact that the Federal L nion republished the attack. I thought it strange, I confess, that Augusta should happen to be the meridian for arraying the ccaluct ofthet directors of a private corporation, located a Savannah, yet I was content to say nothing. It occurred* to me that all persons interested in the nTftaagement of the Central Kail Hoad •Company could not tail to see how utterly ii diculous it was to represent the expenditure of less than one cent per share of the capital ; stock to send a delegate to Chicago, as deal ing up the wonder that the Company did not declare dividends, and that, having just re ceived a dividend, they would feel, at least, that the strictures of the Constitutionalist had no foundation in fact on which to rest. But your notice of Monday morning com pels rac to reply, for most readers would in fer from it, these two facts, which have, really, j no existence: Ist, That the Company expen ded SSOO to procure Mr. King’s services to at tend the Chicago Convention ; and 2d, That the Company has meddled with the politics of the country, expending its money' for that PURPOSE. On the 13th of April last, Mr. Anderson J moved art the Board of Directors, the follow ing resolution which was passed, the Presi dent and six Directors, out of eight, the whole besides the President, being present, viz ; “Whereas, a Rail Koad Convention is to be held in the city of Chicago, btate of Illi nois ; and whereas, the attention of the peo ple of the West has been turned towards Sa vannah as the Atlantic port for their business relations, and as they express a wish that a delegate from this section of the country shall be preseat: Resolved, That 1 horn as Butler King be invited to represent this Board, j and that the sum of SSOO be appropriated to pav his expenses.” * _ , From the 13th of April to the 17th of jutic, no protest was offered, nor was any motion made before the Board, to rescind the forego ing resolution, nor was any movement made to prevent expenditure under the resolution. On the 17th of June, I handed to Mr. King the sum of $250 to defray his expenses. He slid to me, at the time, he thought the sum , more than sufficient, but as it was his purpose do render an account of his actual expenditure. | he would receive it, and on his return would refund what overplus there might be. On his j return he Aid render such an account , amount ing to $l4O 25, and refunded the balance,— Thus the expense incurred by the Company amounted to 140 25. Here then is an expenditure of $l4O 25 made by the Directors of the Company* themselves large stockholders, to represent the advantages of this city as an Atlantic port, and the various Kail Roads in existence and in contemplation in Georgia, leading thither, to the people of, the West, who are about to build a Koad to the junction of the Mississippi and Ohio rivers, and to fix, if possible, the current of public opinion at the \V est, in favor ot Sa- j vannah as their plac£ qf business on the At lantic. When it *is* remarked that this city, as & Corporation, holds half a million of dol lars In the stock of the Central Company, it appears to fire I- hazard nothing in saying that ; this expenditure was judicious—that it ought to have been made from due regard to true interest of the stockholders and the city cn Savannah. , . J That the design of the Directors of this | Company was to meddle in politics, cannot, I t trust, be believed by any one in this commu nity’ ; indeed, I do not suppose that the Di- j rector to whom you refer wishes it to he un derstood that he makes so grave a charge against his associates,most of whom agree with him in political set!nieut. Politics have ne\er been introduced into the business of this Co m pany, and thev never shall be, if I can prevent it. For myself, I beg leave to say that. I never expended the Company's money, or any of my own, for any political purpose whatever. I meddlo very little, if any at all, with the subject. If editors, in the heat which seems almost naturally to be evolved from the workings of a political canvass, think they can make any capital out* of this, or any other transaction of the Company, they will, as they hold the types, exorcise their power. All I have to ask of them is this—if private affairs are forced into the political whirl, that they shall be fairly represented. Very respectfully, your obd’t serv t. ft. R. CUYLER, President ■ lowa. —Wc believe our Dubuque correspon dent is mistaken in. saying that the new elee- j tions to the House have left parties as they stood before. As we understand the matter, there is a Democratic gain of a member in Des xnoincs county, -which reverses the state of parties in the House, giving the Democrats 20 and the Whigs 19, instead of 20 Whigs and 19 Democrats. The members elected to fill va cancies, were a Whig in Mahaska eo M a Demo crat in Desmoines, and another in Jefferson. | The only change is in Desmoines. In the Senate there is a Dena. majority of 5. —.V. Y. j Jour, of Com merce, 24 th inst. Cotton, in this section of the country has ■•come out’ very much for the last two weeks, and now gives better indication of a good crop than they have at any time during the year. But we are fearful of the great quantity of rain that has fallen within the last few days, of materially injuring the early opening and ma turing. We heard a gentleman from Lowndes county says, a few days since, that his crop of cotton was much better this yaar than it was last, and that he now had a better crop made than he gathered from the same land last sea son. If such is generally the case, we ar eof the I opinion that the 'next crop will yield much larger than that of last year, — Wetumpka (4/a.) Guard, 2ith inst. The boll worm has been complained of by i the cotton planters in the neighborhood of this place, within the last week, considerable. Great apprehensions are being made,that should the rains continue for many days, as they have for the last eight or ten, they will increase their ravages to a fearful degree, as it is supposed ertixy rain that falls adds much to the num her, strength and growth of the wbrm. W e 1 i also notice in our exchanges, from dll sections j of the cotton growing region, that the destroy ers of man's labor, are making iiirbads upon the Cotton, and in some instances, we sec that the caterpillar, similar to those of last season, j have made their appearance, and are literally | eating every thing before them. — lb. [ Correspondence of the Baltimore Stm.j NEW YORK, Aug. 24, 8 p. m. — Another I Fire in New York—Loss forty thousand dollars, j — I regret to have to inform you, that another fire, occasioning a large loss, though confined to but one establishment, occured here this morning. It broke out about ten o’clock, destroying the Novelty Iron Works, on | Twelfth street, belonging to Messrs. Stillman, j Allen & Co. The loss is not less than forty ; thousand dollars. Death of a Remarkable Dos'. Among the “City Items” of that excellent paper the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, we i find the following notice of the death of a re markable dog. It will amuse, if nothing else: The mournful duty devolves upon us of re j cording the sudden and painful death of an old I and valued member of the Fire Department. Cassius is no more! He whose name and fame ■ were spread throughout this country and Europe, is now numbered with the dead. The I event has filled the community with sorrow, i Cash, as he was familiarly called, was a large, grey dog, of the Poodle species, possessing all the dignified intelligence for which that excel lent breed is distinguished. We have heard of j many wonderful tricks performed by dogs, but Cash exceeded them all in the extent and I variety of his knowledge. He had attached ; himself to the Good Intent Hose, of which I company he was a faithful member for ape- ; riod ofabout eight years. Ills ear was singular- I : ly acute, as he could hear an alarm of fire be- j fore any of the members of which he gave in ! stant warning, by loud barking and springing | against the door of the hose house. As soon : as the door was opened, he weald seize the j rope in his mouth, leading the way towards ! the fire, pulling with might and main until, ample assistance arrived, when he would re linquish his hold and dash on ahead, anon re turning to encourage the men with a loud bark, or two, and then dash onward again. He was always the unerring pioneer to the fire, busying himself until it was subdued, when he would return with the carriage, carrying the director’s | horn in his mouth. Cash had been taught to fall clown and pre tend to be dead; nor could kicks or coaxing make him show a sign of life. Generally a crowd would gather about his prostrate and apparently lifeless body, to express their grief at his demise, when some one of the members would give a tap on the bell, at which signal Cash would spring suddenly up, scattering the people in dismay to the right and left. On one occasion Cash had a very tough and long contested fight with a dog that appeared to be his match in every respect. In the midst of the contest, and when it was doubtful which would prove the better clog, a good-fof-nothmg little curran up and bit Cash severely in one of his hind legs. Satisfied with his valorous be havior the little sneak went back to his quarters in his master’s door, leaving the two combatants to fight it out. Cash had taken no notice of the bite, but went on with the fight until he whipped his opponent to his satisfaction and compelled him to run off; he then walked de liberately over to the door where the ililtle cur . was lying, and picking him up by the back of the neck, carried him leisurely to the gutter, w here he gave him half a dozen good shakes, and tossed him indignantly into the middle of the street, as much as to say, “take that you cowardly rascal!” ! Once when there were hut few men at the rope, and it was found impossible to urge the carriage along with anything like speed, Cash I ran on to the side walk, and taking a gentleman I by the coat actually pulled him into the street, : at which the terrified man took hold of the rope and “worked like a Hercules for fear of another attack. ’ Several weeks since four or five of the mem j bers of the Good Intent Hose, went over to Gloucester Point, taking Cash with them. One ! of the men, for pastime, ascended a ladder to the top of a two story house. On looking around he was surprised to find that the dog had gone with him. After taking a good sur vey of the surrounding country, and becoming satisfied that everything was going on right, Cash walked quietly down again. Only a few* days before his death, two of the firemen were endeavoring to turn the cylinder, in order to put on the hose. Cash saw’ that they were unequal to the task, so he ran around the corner, and began to bark to two other mem ■ bers, thus to attract their attention and procure ! assistance. Knowing the dog, they went around and helped to finish the job. A good sized book might be filled with an i ecdotes of Cash, many of them of a curious and : interesting nature. I He was kind and affectionate in disposition, ! and particulary good to children, with whom, as in truth with almost every one, he was an especial favorite. To people of color, however, be had a decided aversion, and would never suffer their approach. Kind words and good bones were always on hand for Cash, and re gret for his untimely end is wide spread. It is not certainly known how his death came about, but many believed that he was poisoned by a ba;l member of one of the rival companies. He died in the midst of his usefulness, aged nine t years. Poor Cash —good Cash —faithful Cash— human nature is not always gifted with your in | teliigeuce! The ruling passion was strong in j death. A few minutes before his dissolution, and ! while wr t ling with pain the State House struck • for fire; weak and exhausted as he was,he sprang | upon his feet, the intelligent eye lighted with its ; wonted fire —he gave a feeble bark —staggered convulsively towards the door —and fell dead! The members of the Good Intent Hose-are inconsolable for his loss, and good reason have they so to be, as Cash never missed a lire for eight years. They have testified their grief by putting the carriage in mourning, which badge will be worn for the usual period of thirty days. ; Cash is to be stuffed and then preserved in a beautiful and expensive glass case. It should ibe framed with gold. He was the property of ! Mr. Henry Smith who kindly gave him to the company. Farewell, Cash! j The Retort Vncourtcom. —On a recent occa sion, a huge company, consisting entirely of I Englishmen, were assembled at an Inn in Bir- j , miugham, and the conversation was proceed -1 ing freely, till interrupted by the entrance of a gaberiunzie, who, in abroad Scottish dialect, requested alms, which was refused, on the ground that England was overrun with Irish and Scotch paupers. “Why don’t you stay at home,” said one of the company, “sure there’s very few English in your country?” “At weel,” replied Sawney, “there’s wheens o’ English in Scotland too. I could name places whar there’s may be raair than ye imagine.” 1 “That’s out of your power,” replied another of the Sassenachs; “there are towns south of j the Tweed that contains thousand of Seotch i men, while but a paltry tithe of Englishmen | are to be found in the length and breadth of 1 your country." “You speak rather fast,” re plied the c autious Caledonian; “there’s a place ! ayont Glasgow, you're, ca’ed Bannockburn, i whar twenty or thirty thousand English ha’e lain very quietly for mony a year.” It is dif ficult to describe the effect that this rebuff had on the whole meeting. National prejudice, however, being thrown aside, a subscription was 'entered into, and the venerable gaberlun- J zie left the house with 25s of the current coin of the realm. sit 9« s t a; ©cor q t a . SATURDAY mCRNIWa' ~AVG. 28. | FOR GOVERNOR HOM. 8. W. TOWNS. OF TALBOT. Democratic jMomiaations for Senators. : 4tli Dial. — Camden and Wayne—Elias Fort. ! sth Dial.—Lowndes and Ware—Gen. T. Hilliard. 7lh “ Tattnall and Bulloch—John A Mattox Bth “ Hcriven and Effingham—W. J. Lawton. 9th “ Burke and Emanuel —. S. C Morris 12th “ Thomas and Decatur—Wm. H. Reynolds. 13th “ Baker and Early—Dr. Wm. J. Johnson. 14th “ Randolph and Stewart—William Nelson. 17th “ Macon and Houston—John A. Hunter. 20th “ Twjiggs and Bibb —W. W. Wiggins. ; 25th “ Jones and Putnam—James M. Gray. 20th “ Munroe and Pike—Col. Allen Cochran. 28th “ Merrivvether and Coweta—Ore. Warner. 31st “ Fayette and Henry—Luther J. Glenn. 32d “ Jasper and Butts—Col. J. C. Waters. 38th “ Clark and Jackson—Samuel Bailey. : 39th “ Gwinnett and DeKalb—Jas. P. Simmons. 40th “ Paulding and Cass—Francis Irwin. 41st “ Cobb and Cherokee—Wm. H. Hunt, 43d “ Habersham and Rabun—Eow’d Coffee. ' 44th “ Lumpkin and Union—Elihu S. Bv -av-ids | membofs of the Democratic Party j of Richmond county, are requested to meet at 1 the City Hull, in this city, on Tuesday After noon next , at 4 o'clock, for the purpose of mak ing arrangements to invite the Hon. GEO. j W. TOWNS to meet his fellow-citizens of this and the adjoining counties, previous to the first Monday in October, at a point to be | selected in this County. Western mail due yesterday morn ing did not come to hand until about half past j three In the afternoon —the delay was occasion ed by the running off of the engine, at Stone j Mountain Depot. No damage done. to the Daily and Tri-Week ly, whose papers are left at this office, will find them on Sundays in the Post Office. lacttcr cf the Hon. Edward J. Black, We regret the misconception, on our part, in the first instance, which has elicited the ad mirable letter of Mr. Black, which appears in i this day’s paper. "We take the earliest oppor tunity of placing it before the public; In our sketch of the debates which occurred in the late Convention, wc did not profess or attempt to report the language of the speakers. We only sought to give the spirit and general ten or of their remarks. We endeavored to ad here to the substance, and to be accurate in the j outline we drew of each speaker’s argtiraent ■ and sentiments. We took no notes at the time, however, and wrote afterwards from memory. : It is possible that we attributed to Mr. Black ! the same construction of Mr. Calhoun’s North | Carolina letter that we placed upon it ourself, and supposed him to express himself as con sidering it, on the part of Mr. Calhoun, a disa vowal of all membership with the Democratic party for the last seventeen years. Mr. Black is of course better authority as to what he did say in Convention, and the best authority as to what he considers the relation which. Mr. Calhoun in that letter professes to hold towards the Democratic party. We regret that the health of Mr. Black is so feeble. We sincerely wish that his bodilv I vigor were equal to his mental, and that both might bring their conjoint force into the field, as of yore, in upholding the great principles of j our party. Opinions of Jefferson and Jackson. It is a stale and fruitless effort on the part of Federal Whig journals to seek to bolster up their ultra federal views by invoking the honored names of these departed patriots in their support. It is as useless as it is disin genuous to attempt to im press uponthe public mind that the high protective policy of the Whig party, as exemplified in the tariff of 1842, over whose fate the Whig party so bitterly mourns, ever could have received the sanc tion of either of those pure Republicans. Yet the Chronicle and Sentinel, has for some tlm e been edifying its readers with attempts of thi j sort. That the opinions of very many of the wisest and best Democrats of our country— | that in fact the unanimous feelin g and wish of i the American people during the infancy of our manufacturing enter prizes were in favor of their protection is not to be disputed. The protection of domestic manufactures, as an in cident growing out of the heavy revenue du- I ties which the war debt of 1812-15 made it | necessary to impose, found favor with nearly all Southern politicians in 1815. It found fa vor -with the strictest constructionists and | with the immediate representatives of the sta ple growing States. It was a boon granted by generosity in power, to a weak interest sup plicating a favor. When that interest grew' strong and by log-rolling combinations aspired to dominion, when it set up a claim as of right, ' and invoked the constitution as justifying i their actions, the republican spirit of the coun : try rose against the arrogant pretehsiqp. The organization of public opinion and of politi -1 cal parties on the constitutional question took place some years after. It was iu 1822 that the protective policy assumed a party organi- j zation, wdth Mr. Clay as its leader, with the declared object of establishing bis so called ■ “American System.” They assumed the title of National Republicans. Neither Mr. Jeffer son nor Gen. Jackson belonged to that party, or ever favored its monstrous designs. The Chronicle selects a few' isolated passages from the messages of these distinguished Presi ( dents, favorable to the protection of home in dustry, to prove that they advocated the outra geous system of legislation which the whigs | for a time fastened upon the country and wmuld ; restore were they in power. Yet The Chroni cle well knows that General Jackson was open ly, bitterly, actively opposed to their tariff | policy. He was opposed to the tariff Bill of abominations of 1828. He was opposed to the tariff*bill of 1842. The opinions of Mr. Jefferson to the last days of his life are not less distinctly known. The Chronicle parades the following dcclara biii miiiiibi^ibhi ttt ! tion of Mr. Jefferson as triumphant proof that ! he was a protective tariff man, in 1810, and we presume would have the reader infer that if 1 the sa< T e of Monticello w'ore alive at this clay I he would be a tariff man, of the whig school j o f 1847 —that he would have supported the 1 protective tariff of 1842, and opposed the reve | nue tariff of 1846. AYe now ask the reader to mark the follow ing language of Mr. Jefferson, used by him, too, as late as 1816; (by the bye, he used su h language many years after, and died in the i same faith,) to see how completely Mr. Ber rien is sustained: “He, therefore, who is now against domestic viannfnatures, must be for reducing us either to a dependence on that nation (England,) or to be clothed in skins, and to live like wild beasts in dens and caverns. lam proud to say that 1 am not one of these." . ... What will those Democrats who profess to be disciples of Mr. Jefferson, w'ho look upon him as the Apostle of Republicanism , think of this r-— Chronicle, 27th inst. We assert that here is expressed no senti ment unacceptable to the Democratic party and the disciples of this great advocate for a strict construction of the Constitution. There is no party in this country against domestic manufactures. No party has ever wished to deprive the domestic man afacturer of his equal rights under the Constitution, or to prevent I his prospering in his pursuits. The sentiment j above expressed does not make Mr. Jefferson a protective tariff man. It does not indicate | that had he lived to the present day he w'ould | have been found on the side of his former an : tipodes in politics, repudiating all his republi can views, fighting the cause of monopolists, j and seeking to create in this country a fa vored class of citizens by partial laws for their benefit. The opinions he expressed in the messages which are quoted in favor of prohibatory mea sures against British commercce were retalia tory of British restrictions upon us. Ihey ; were in their nature hostile measures and | temporary in their character. They "were not I inconsistent with the enlightened principles of Free Trade with which it would then have been, and will always be our policy to adopt towards nations meeting us in a spirit of re ciprocity. But to show how far the Chronicle correctly represents Mr. Jefferson, we make two extracts ; from his writings after the tendency, designs | and operation of the protective tariff policy | had displayed themselves in bold relief. Writing to his friend, James Madison, Feb. i iftn, 1826, he thus speaks of the protective system in its operation upon the agricultural interests of the Soilth, of which he was in his , old age feeling the bitter consequences;* “But the long succession of yeafs of stniited ; ; crops, of reduced prices, the general prostration j of the farming business under levies for the sup- j port o f manufacturers, & rc; with the calamitous fluctuations of value in our fiapCr medium, j have kept agriculture in a state of abject depres- | sion, which has peopled the western States by silently breaking up those on the Atlantic, and glutted the land market, while it drew off its j j bidders.” Again, in a letter of December 25th, 1820, to his friend William B. Giles, he thus la | ments over the baleful influences which doc | trines and measures such as are now advocat ; ed by the whig party were exerting upon our | institutions. | “I see, as you do.and with the deepest afflic- 1 tion, the rapid strides with which the federal | j branch of our government is advancing to- j ! wards the usurpation of all the rights reserved I to the States, and the .consolidation in itself of j all powers, foreign and domestic ; and that too, by constructions which, if legitimate, | leave no limits to its powers. Take together the decisions of the federal court, the doc trines of the President, and the misconstructions of the constitutional compact acted on by the legislature of the federal branch, and it is but too evident, that the three ruling branch es of that department are in combination to strip their colleagues, the State authorities, of the powers reserved by them, and to exercise them selves all functions, foreign and domestic. — Under the power to regulate commerce, they assume indefinitely that also over agriculture and manu- } facturcs, and call it regulation to take the. earnings of one of these branches of industry, and that too the most depressed, and put them into the pockets of the other, the most flourishing of all. Under the authority to establish post-roads, they claim that of cutting down mountains for the j construction of roads, of digging canals, and j aided by a little sophistry on the words ‘gene ral welfare,’ a right to do, not only the acts to effect that' which are specifically enumerated and permitted, but whatsoever they shall think or pretend will be for the general welfare.” it is calculating too strongly upon the igno rance and gullibility of its readers for any whig paper to quote the honored name of Jef ferson of the measures of that party. Mr. Jefferson is not the guide and the Mentor of that party. It does not profess to adopt his opinions- It contemns and ridicules them. ! UpoU every prominent measure of that party, I his influence while living and his opinions I now that he is dead, can be shown to have I been utterly opposed. His uniform adher ence to a strict construction of the constitu tion found no favor with the federal—now whig party. They called him visionary. The more violent charged him with being Jacobi nical. His declaration that all powers not ex \pressly granted to the general government, were reserved to the States respectively, or to the people, never suited the designs of the whigs, and must still interfere materially with their cherished schemes in favor of protective tariffs, national banks, and internal improvements. The influence of Jefferson's great name and opinions, which have stood triumphantly the test of time and experience, has done much and will continue to do much to defeat them. These, espoused by the demo cratic party, practically adhered to by the venerated Jackson, and enforced by his vetoes of the Maysville road bill and United States Bank bill, will long serve to beat back the tide of federal encroachment, and preserve to us the constitution as it eamc to us from the i hands of its makers. It will be an evil dav * to our country, when it shall be interpreted | according to whig construction, the veto pow er abolished, and our legislation know no re straint but the will of a majority in Congress. The Telegraph. It is stated that with thg exception of a few miles south of Black Creek, the Telegraph posts arc up from Washington City to Colum bia. ' I t Launch of a Steamboat. The Charleston Mercury of the 27th inst., says —“A Steamboat, for the ‘Steamboat Com pany of Georgia,’ was launched yesterday af ternoon at six o’clock, from the Ship Yard of Messrs. Addison and Mclntosh. “This is the largest freight boat overbuilt in Charleston. Her engines are being built by Mr. James McLeish, at his foundry on Gad sen’s wharf, and will be of fifty horse-power each. * “The capacity of the boat will be about twelve hundred bales of Cotton. She is des tined for the Savannah River trade; and is, we are told, to be named the “Rough and Ready.” “We are gratified in being able to chronicle this event, and trust that the time is rapidly approaching when our shipwx’ights will have frequent calls upon their ingenuity and skill in the construction of vessels.” Burns’Mills Destroyed by Pira. The Athens Banner of the 26th inst,. says We learn with regret that the valuable mills of General D. M. Burns, in Jackson, co M were destroyed by ffrC on Tuesday morning last. We are informed by the proprietor that the fire was first discovered in the upper story, and was no doubt the result of friction. Only a part of the grain of other persons in the mill was saved, and the whole erbp of the o wner (about 400 bushels) consumed. AA e are also informed by him, that he has commenced re building, and that he expects soon to be able to begin operations in his former line of busi ness. Loss of Ship Mamalukc. The ship Mamaluke from New \ ork for Liv erpool, has been lost in a squall 500 miles from Sandy Hook. Thirty-four of her passengers and seven of the crew lost. The vessel in sured. Death of G-ov. Dorr. The New Bedford Mercury, on the authori ty of a letter to Colonel Hatch, reports the death, at Providence, on Thursday, of Thomas AY. Dorr. AYe learn from the Portland Advertiser that of the whole number of children in Maine returned to the Board of Education, between the ages of four and twenty-one, the Secretary of the Board find that sixty thousand nine hun dred and forty-two did not attend any school during the past summer; and that there were forty-seven thousand eight hundred and forty seven who wore not in attendance at any school during the winter. [For the Constitutionalist .] SCRIYEN COUNTY, Aug. 1, 1847. | James Gardner, Jr., Esq.: ® My Dear Sir— With many thanks for the great kindness with which you treated my poor efforts in behalf of Democracy in the De mocratic Convention, permit me to intrude for A moment Upon your attention in relation to the note addressed to you by my friend, the lion. Levi S> D’Lyon. upon the subject of Mr. | Calhoun’s position; Ever since I left Mil ledgerille, 1 have been constantly coughing—l | had td plead a heavy ease at our Inferior Court, 1 which quite prostrated me) and as many of Mr. Calhotih’s friends expressed to me their surprise that I sholild have assigned to him a position hd had iievdr takeri iii his letter | to the North Carolina Editor, 1 requested Judge D’L. to say in a note td joii, that in j that regard you had mistaken my remarks.* 1 would have written myself, but that I really was physically unable to do so, without great inconvenience, and I knew our friend. Judge' D’L., was expert with his pen, and a good composer of notes. lam at this time hardly , able to write, being engaged in the exciting process of coughing, and also in reflecting on my latter end, which when applied to one s self, is not quite as pleasant as if the same j speculations were made upon other and fairer ; subjects. However, if those celebrated Doc- | ; tors, Jaynes, AYistar, et al., have not lied in- : definitely, through your columns, as to the infallibility of their medicated nostrums, I am safe —for being credulous of all patent physics, j I am now addressing myself with great con fidenoe to three or four different compounds. But I am detaining you, with personal com plaints, from your lucubrations. So far as I can remember my remarks rela tive to the position of Mr. Calhoun, and so far as they may be indicated by my opinions and intentions, you were certainly in error when you reported me as saying—“ That he (Air. C.) i was not a member of the Democratic party was true, for he had said that for seventeen years he had felt constrained to oppose many* of the measures of the Democratic party, or espouse measures of the AVhigs, and vice ; I versa.” Now I readily admit that neither the speak er nor hearer can at all times critically report, . or remember, words spoken in a hasty debate, ! especially in a hall so large and crowded as that in which we sat iu convention. Hence it may well be supposed you understood me, as doubtless you did, in a sense different from that in which I intended to speak. Aly im pression is that I said, I certainly intended to say, and most certainly ought to have said, something like this :—“lt is true that it had been charged, that he, Air. Calhoun, was not a member of the Democratic party, and that he had been constrained to differ with that party, and with the AVhigs, acting only occa sionally with either for the last seventeen years,” I then endeavored to show that the charge was groundless. I referred to the let ter itself, written by Air. Calhoun to a North Carolina Editor, to prove the charge an asper sion. X pronounced him to be a Democrat in the fullest and broadest sense—that he was the chiefest of Democrats—•■and, far above all others in ability, the great champion of De mocratic principles. That he had never said he was not a member of the Democratic party. All he had said was-r-“ The truth is, I have not been able, with my principles and policy, to act with either party, except occasionally, for the last seventeen years. I differ from both on several important questions, and a mong others, the proscriptive policy of turn ing opponents out of office indiscriminately, and bestowing their places, as rewards for par tisan services, on the least meritorious of the respective parties; and agree with each in some particulars.” This, I said, was far from de claring himself “ not a member of the Democrat ic party.” That Benton, Wright, Buchanan, and even Mr. Van Buren had differed more 1 than once from the Democratic party, and that too, upon questions involving most vital prin ciples—not upon mere questions of policy; j.and yet no man had raised his voice to de i nounce either of these prominent men for be ing “not a member of the Democratic party.” I repeated “that Mr. Calhoun was a Democrat, and that I stood ready to prove it by the Con stitutionalist, a journal which was recognized to be among the leading organs of the party in Georgia; a paper that I constantly read, and in the ability, intelligence, and patriot ism of whose Editor, I had the greatest confi dence.” The above is substantially what I said, or intended to say, and if I was not so under • j stood, it was doubtless owing to some unfortu nate defect in my manner of stating a proposi j tion. I did not read to the Convention the extract from the Constitutionalist on which I | relied, but I had the paper with me, and was i prepared to do so if it had been questioned. J You will find it in the number of May 19. , Speaking of Mr. Calhoun, the Editor says— t I “ That tic is a Democrat , however, and as such has I been da able champion of the Democratic policy , ! admits of no dispute .” These italics are my own. The words deserve to be italicised, bc ! cause they announce a truth far more honora i ble to the Editor who wrote them than the miserable attacks of the few in Georgia who have busied themselves in vain effects to dis i parage Mr, Calhoun, for reasons best known to themselves, but which may hereafter, if ne- I cessary, be exposed to the public eye; Upon a moment’s reflection you will perceive that the probabilities are with the version I f have given of my remarks. If I had spokeil s as you erroneously supposed I did, I should j have been justly obnoxious to the criticism of the Savannah Republican , contained in a late number of that paper, in which the editor is | confounded at the idea of my declaring that Mr. Calhoun was not a member of the demo cratic party, and yet, in the next breath, as serting that he is a democrat, and as such, has been an able champion of democratic princi ples. The Republican could not exactly see how these non sequiters could be dove-tailed into each other; and rather “made game” of us for attempting to show that Mr, Calhoun was not, and yet was a faithful and efficient democrat. I would have answered the arti cle in the Republican, but for the simple rea son that I did not know how to do it, as things then stood; so I thought I would first communicate a request to you to correct the error, and leave it to the editor of that paper i to do me such justice as he may be disposed to extend to a political opponent. Again; it would have been presumptuous in me, so much the junior of Mr. Calhoun in chronological affiliation with the democratic I party, to undertake to turn him out of the ranks by proclaiming him not a member of that party. I knew too well that in 1837 when the Carolina Senator stood in the Senate of the United States at the very head and front of the democracy, lifting them, by the force of his Herculean abilities, out of the mud and mire of the foundering pet Banks, and leading them on to the successful establishment of the great principles which now so advantageously distinguish them as a party, that you and I j were but' simple nullifiers —democrats in em bryo, bnffedgefl,- and but youngsters at the feet of Gamaliel.' We were then but imbib ing our first glorious draughts of those great, ! State rights, conservative doctrine# which in ; due time could noli result* 6thcrwise thrift ixi I make democrats of us, while he, the master 1 spirit of his age, tlic great expo Under of the i faith, was pre-eminent in the national fegisla i ture in elucidating and practically applying those principles which alone make and con stitute a democratic party, and without which there would be no such party. Yes, I know that while you and I were thus laudably en gaged in learning how to be democrats, Mr. Calhoun “was a democrat ,” and “as such” was breasting the storm of federal encroachment s | ° and putting back with his powerful arm ther fearful waves of monopoly and protection, which threatened to engulph us and our prin- J ciplcs in one common abyss. You perceive then that I should have been taking too much on myself, standing in this relative position, to have attempted to ostracise Mr. Calhoun by saying, what ho has never said, that he was not a member of the democratic party. The whole drift and current of federal poll* tics render it more than probable that in al* | luding to his non- membership of the party, I spoke of it as a groundless and fallacious charge, and not as a fact I accredited. What, for instance, constitutes a democrat? Adhe* sion to certain known and well defined princi ples,among which are FREE TRADE, AN INDEPENDENT TREASURY, AND THE VETO POWER, AS DEFINED BY THE CONSTITUTION, Those arc among the affirmatives to be sustained by a democrat, There arc also many negatives quite as essen tial to true democracy. Ho should be found in opposition to a distribution of the proceeds of the sales of the public lands, and he should ways, in season, and out of season, be ready, prompt, and willing to oppose, without wa* vering or compromising, any and every at* tempt of the abolitionists to invade our rights by means of the legislation of Congress, These, and more; he should unfurl his banner to the breeze, and inscribe upon it — “Free Trade; Low Duties; No Debt; Separation from Banks; Economy; Retrenchment, and a Strict Adherence to the Constitution. To sustain these positions, ho should be deep* ly and thoroughly imbrued with the conser vative doctrines of State Rights, as promul* gated by Mr. Jefferson, which of course, Wiicn properly understood, include the delegated rights and powers of the L nitod State>. which of these essentials has John C. Calhoun ever failed? W hen was it that he liun.-, hac or quailed before the onslaught of suou I