Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

THE CO NSTIT ITT ION A]] SlT* JAMES GARL-NER. J R. T2EIWS. Daily, per annum £3 00 Tri-Weekly, |>cr annum 6 00 If paid in advance 5 00 Weekly, per annum 3 00 If paid in advance 2 50 To Clubs, remitting; glp ijc advascf, FIVE COPIES nrc sent. This ■will put our Weekly pa per in the reach of new subscribers at TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. JETSubscribers who will pay up arrearage*, and Mnd four new subscribers, with the money, can get tl»« paper at 00. (tTAH new subscription* must he paid in ad vance. ffjTPostage must be paid on all communications : aad letters of business. .{Pram the Washington Union, Oct. 9.] Tariff of 1846—More Ruin! It gives us great pleasure to favor the oppo nents of the present tariff with all the infor mation which we possess tending to show its ruinous effects upon the business of the coun try I For instance, the following facts and ; figures cannot fail to be interesting to them : [.From the Philadelphia Commercial List, Oct. 2.] The comparative supplies of coal scut to market in 1846 and 1817 have been: 4«4fi. 1847. To Sept. Ton'*. ToScpt. Tm*. Bv Reading R. Road, 21, 872,898 23 988,583 “ Lchiph canal 29, 381,831 21 483,353 “ Rchuylkill caM (•'nla’cing) 23 158,814 *‘-Lackaw*na cauul, 'Sept. 12, 235,958 18 2tj7,fe!9 1,460,C81 1 jmjSCM 1,480,981 Increase in 1847 .... 5,888 Thai has the coal business increased tioenty firt per cent., so far, in this year of ruin and distress. It appears from a statement in detail, pub lished in the Philadelphia Commercial List of September 18th, that the following is the ag gregate receipt of tolls on the Pennsylvania railroads and canals during the years 1848. and 1847, commencing November 30th, preceding year, and ending September Ist; Aggregate fer 1847 > - $1,211,373 09 Do. do. 1843 - - 847,201 58 Increase in 1847 - - $334,171 51 Tt only falls a little short of fifty per cent. The Boston manufacturers and capitalists seem to have suffered in like manner. We find in the Boston Shipping List of September 4th, the following statement of the “domestic ©jtton goods trade” for three months, ending August 31st: ’ “The export of domestic cotton goods to foreign ports the past month ending August BJ, has been as follows : Bales and easasr, T® Canton * - • - 2,055 Cape of Good Hope - - - 63 Montevideo and Buenos Ayres - 112 Belize 37 f.ttba • » % v . 23 Nova Scotia • • • 5 Total i w w 2.396 Previous two months * * 8,193 Total for three months *■ * 10.519 feline pr’d last year funder tariff’42] 6,354 Increase - • • *• * 4,165” It soeras from the statement above, that the poor., manufacturers of Lowell, who were to he ruined by the tariff of 1845, have increased their exports of manufactured goods nearly fifty per cent, in three months. Nay, more; they have sent them to China, Cape of Good Hope, South America, Cuba, and Nova Scotia -—in every quarter of the world except Eu rope, competing with British rivals in their fa ■ vorite market of China, and even in the Brit ish colonies of Nova Scotia and the Cape of Good Hope. How stupid not to know how : they are ruined ! But, alas ! the Boston banks, owned by the manufacturers and merchants of that city, are •ufferlng in like manner, as will appear from the following statement of the serai-annual dividends for the last four years, which we ropy from the finam-ial article of the Boston ■ Post of October sth; April, Amount. Capital. Dividends. 1844 $17,480,000 $425,300 1845 17,480,000 550.250 1845 18,180,000 593,000 1547 18,180,000 623,000 October. Amount. Capital. Dividends, 1844 $17,480,000 $480,000 1845 17.480,000 561,850 1845 18,180,000 603,000 1347 18,980,000 658,000 .Did not Abbott Lawrence, in one of his very profound and statesmanlike letters to Wil liam C. Hives, predict that in a short time after the tariff of 184 S went into operation, the manufacturers would be all ruined, “and not a specie-paying bank doing business will [would] be found in the United States?” He did even so predict. But. how facts stultify and confound such deluded theorists, who, if they are hone>t men, seem to havs no rational conception of the principles which control the business in which they are engaged, and by which they make their enormous fortunes. — Such charlatanry in political economy as Mr. Lawrence has been guilty of in his letters to Mr. Rives, is scattered to the winds, and ut terly exploded by the simple truth as de veloped by the actual operation of the present tariff. To jump from the sublime to the ridiculous —or, in other "words, to descend from a re spectable intellect, (for such we deem that of Mr. Lawrence,) to one which is either per verted or disordered—we would commend the i icts above stated to Mr. Andrew Stewart, of Uniontown, Pennsylvania, as a complete an «wer to the striking absurdities of perverted fact and transparent sophistry contained in his letter to the Intelligencer of yesterday. If the game were worth the candle, we would devote a little more space to the exposition of his empty rant upon the tariff; blit we feel that wc have honored him too much in that way already. A writer who can deliberately put forth the assertion that an exchange of fifty millions in value of the products of the labor of this country for the same amount of the products of the labor of other countries is a tax upon the people of this country to that amount, can deceive nobody, while he justly exposes his own intellect to the suspicion of being either very oblique or very obtuse. — That seems to be the condition of Mr. Andrew Stewart, who conceives himself to be the champion of the protective system. Under the guardian care of this new Don Quixotte, it bids fair to meet the fate of ancient chival ry, which got run into the ground by just such a conceited and blundering knight-er rant, . [From the Hartford (Conn.) Times.] First Impression of Daniel Webster. Mm Editor; Having occasion to visit Spring field one day last week, I found the Whig State Convention in session, and thought I would "step in just to see what was going on. On entering, the room, I found the stage occupied by a stout,, square-built, elderly man dressed in a bran-new blight blue coat with-gilt but- and velvet collar, white vest, also with ■ gilt buttons, black pantaloons, white cravat, with the shirt collar turned down, and a white cambric pocket handkerchief on the little ta ble beside him, with which ever and anon he mopped his nose and forehead. I listened to his speech for about twenty minutes. It was heavy and tedious—treating of comraon olacc topics in a very common-place manner. The speaker often appeared to hesitate for words, and spoke with a wearisome and head boaring slowness. You know what 1 mean by this expression. The sensation produced by a speaker not devoid of good sense and good sound reasoning powers, throwing off bis truisms to a slow, laborious manner, has been well compared to that of a dull gimblet boring right into you skull. This idea give rise to the word bore, which expresses the feeling exactly. The action of the speaker was not amiss, except that he had a bad habit of dvery now and then tugging at the front of his pantaloons, as if there was something wrong there. He also had away of giving force and energy to particular sentences, by opening his legs in the form of an ellipse, and then snapping them together with considerable emphasis. I give these minute particulars of his dress and manner, because, though not important, they are characteristic, and there fore interesting. Well,l confess I felt thorough ly bored; and, having stood it as long as 1 could, and seen enough of what appeared to be a good, tedious, homespun, substantial far mer delegate from the hills of Berkshire, I left the room. At the foot of the stairs a friend asked me how I liked Webster? “Can’t say —never heard him.” Why, that’s him now speaking.” “Good God!” was my exclama tion. “Is it possible I have been listening to the ‘godlike’ unawares, and been bored?” So I tumbled up stairs again in a great hurry.— Then, indeed, the feelings of “bore” vanished, for anew and sti'ong interest was aroused — that of observing a notable man, and following the speech of one whose reputation has been built upon his speaking. I listened attentively for an hour and a half to the substantial, prosy, fanner delegate, now transformed into the “great expounder Still, after the first emotions of curiosity were satisfied, dullness and weariness st'll clung to that speech. His subject was the Mexican war, and the speech mainly was a mere hash of the whig diatri bes, crudities, and falsities on that topic,which have been repeated, (i ad nauseam," (to a sicken ing degree) a thousand times. Marks of a powerful mind were not wanting; but still, in the main, that oration was dreadfully weari some, laborious, and slow. Whatever else it might have been, it was not oratory —certainly not great oratory. It was such a speech as, beyond all question, if it had proceeded from an unknown delegate instead of Daniel Web ster. would have cleared that room, and been delivered to bare walls and empty benches. — That great auditory was kept together, hot to listen to the speech, but to see and hear the man. Neither the Demosthenean fire and vehemence, aor the elegance of Cicero, were there, nor the shadow of those qualities. Or, to compare him with living speakers, there was nothing of the smooth and flowing and yet powerful periods of Peel, or of the copious and fiery energy of Brougham. The divine and contagious fire of the true orator was not there. In short, there was nothing about the speech very brilliant, very strong, or very im pressive, except a few remarks towards the close, which were carefully premeditated, and were certainly marked with a good deal of point and energy. And here lies the whole secret of Webster’s reputation'. He has cer tainly made speeches of a very able character— powerful, pointed, and energetic—showing a higher order of imagination, as well as great reasoning power; But the--e have invariably been carefully studied and prepared. He never made a good unstudied speech yet, and never will, simply because it is not his gift. I do not say he is the less able man on this ac count. 1 simply state the fact. The fault is, that, knowing where his strength as well as his weakness lies, he take* advantage of his re putation to inflict prosy, unprepared, trashy harangues on conventions, which, his fame as an orator draws together. This is a species of inexcusable fraud, and the effect is always disappointing. Either from vanity or laziness, he chooses on these occasions to appear ia the character of a loose, off-hand, careless speaker—trusting to the inspiration of the moment —a character for which nature has not fitted him, and in which he always fails.— Hence in the discussion at this Sprinfield con vention, Winthrop of Boston, and Phillips of Salem, appeared to far greater advantage than Webster, simply because their natural gift of easy, off-hand speaking, is much greater than his. In this particular, also, Hufus Choate is incomparably his superior, I make these remarks not to detract from Webster’s merits, but to give a just account of them. He is a very prominent man just now, and has been made so by his carefully-studied arguments and or ition-. On the strength of this capital he trades off a great deal of prosy, dull, and common-place speaking. Ills friends will have it whatever he utters is most extra ordinary and wonderful, and, either unable or unwilling to discriminate, talk as if he did not always make trashy speeches whenever he speaks without preparation. These remarks may have some effect towards clearing their heads of this grovelling, unreasoning, and man-worshipping delusion. The effect which hi* speech had on me, before I knew who he was, was the true test of its character. It was the genuine criticism and verdict of nature render ed underimpartial circumstances,and before the subtle charm, inseparable from a distinguish ed reputation, had any opportunity to bias the judgment. BERLIN. The Late Battles- Extract from a letter written by an officer ot the army to a gentleman in Washington, dated Coyoacan, near the city of Mexico, Septem ber 2 f— 3 The storming of Fort Contreras, by Riley’s brigade, compose of the 4th artillery, 2d and 7th infantry, was, I think, the most splendid affair of the whole war, and, indeed, that has ever occurred in this country. It took place on the morning of the 20th August. The brigade was about 900 strong, and during the morning of the 20th, before daylight, succeed ed in gaining a position in rear of the enemy’s works, without being discovered until the co lumns of attack were nearly formed. They stormed the fort in two columns of attack —the 4th artillery and a part of the 2d infan try composing one column, and the main part of the 2d infantry and the 7th forming the other; in the latter column, the 2d in front.— The storming columns marched steadily up the hill in double quick time, with a huzza, under a heavy shower of grape and round shot from the Mexican artillery, and at the point of the bayonet routed the enemy and drove them (though about 7,000 strong) from the works. 500 Mexicans were killed, while our loss was only about 60 men in killed and wounded.— How many Mexicans were wounded, I cannot say. We took some 1400 or 1500 prisoners on that occasion. Deside 27 pieces of artillery and any quantity of small arms. Only reflect, 900 American soldiers attacking and storming a fort containing 27 pieces of artillery, and defended by 7,000. soldiers ! It is a feat un paralleled in history. This the gallant Riley did with his brigade—killing 500, and captu ring 1500 prisoners, with a loss of only 60 men. A braver commander, and braver or better soldiers never lived than Riley and his storming brigade. The attack on Churubusco, on the afternoon of the 20th, was a bloody affair for us. We lost nearly 1000 men in killed and wounded. Our regiments suffering severely; but the enemy >vore eventually driven from their /works, and we took 1100 prisoners and 12 or f l 3 pieces of artillery. It was a brilliant affair lor our arms. [ Correspondence of the Baltimore Sun.] Washington,- Oct. 9, 1847. Damarje by the Storm —Illness of Gen. Towson — Instructions sent to Gen. Scott —Recall of Mr. Trist—AU Overtures of Peace Withdrawn — Political complexion of the next House of Rep resentatives — Candidates for Speaker, &c. The rain fell on Thursday nigbt, in this vi cinity, not in showers, but in a flood. The deluge that has been the consequence is exten sive, and, so far as we learn, destructive. The banks of the canal, the river, and the creeks, are overflowed, and much damage has been done to property and buildings. *Gen. Matthew Towson, Paymaster General, is, I regret to hear, very ill, and I hear of se vere indisposition among other officers of the government. The flood will not, I think, have the effect to render the city unhealthy. At the time of the great crevasse, at New Orleans, some years ago,—when the city was flooded, and the alli gators paddled into the second story windows — it was thought that a sickly season would fol low, but it so happened that it was the most healthful season that had ever been known. The government has certainly made tip its decision in regard to Mexico', and instructions, based on the new state of things, have been sent out t. 6 General Scott. Mr. Trist has been recalled—his mission having terminated in another failure, and the government having determined to withdraw all overtures for peace. I presume that Cel; Srnrib, the gentleman sent to Mexico, carries to Gen- Scott iders in reference to the future conduct of the war. — Mexico must be made to defray the expenses of the - war, so far as the means may be found in her possession. The problem as to the political complexion of the House, in the next Congress, is now solved. ‘ The whigs are to have a small major ity. The vote will be 117 whigs to 111 demo crats, provided that Mr. Levin, (Native Ame rican) votes with the whigs, and that Louisi ana elects one whig. It does not follow that the whigs will be able to elect a whig speaker. Among the whigs are a number of impracticable*—Messrs. Pal fey, Tuck, Wilson, Root, and Giddings, —who are pledged to vote against any man as speaker who shall be in favor of supplies for the Mex ican war, or of the tolerance of slavery in any new territory to be acquired. On the oiher band, there are many whigs who can vote for no man as speaker who is opposed to supplies, or in favor of the Wilmot proviso. The character and course of the House arc as much in doubt as ever. We may have a Calhoun speaker. There may be a coalition between the whigs and the Calhoun men, and, in this case, the Calhoun man will hold the power of the House, and direct it as they please. lon. By Telegraph. [Correspondence of the Baltimore .Start.] Richmond, Oct. 10, 10 A. M. Destructive Tire at Richmond. —At day break this morning, our citizens were aroused from their slumbers by an alarm of die, and the noise of the firemen and the continued ringing of the alarm bells, gave warning that it was a fire of no ordinary character. The heavy clouds of smoke soon attracted thousands of persons, and Chevalier’s Gallego Mills, were found to be enveloped in flames. The firemen and our citizens generally to work ill good earnest, but all hopes of ex tinguishing the flames wore scori given Up, and this extensive establishment, with large quan tities of wheat and flour, were soon a head of ruins. The firemen, however, worked unremittingly to prevent the destruction of the surrounding property, and finally succeeded, but Hot uuti! a number of houses had been burnt, owned by Messrs, Bullock, and the Market arid Harrison estates. The Shockoe tobaco warehouse ws> also burnt, with about one hundred hogsheads of tobacco. The houses burnt were occupied by Messrs Rives & Harris, John Robinson, Haxall & Brothers, Williams & Itaxal, Ford & Woodson and Winfree Sheppard, as eommlsion mer chants, who were partly insured. The Gallego Mills were owned by Messrs. Warwick & Berksdale, who were partly in sured. This is the largest fire that has ever occurred in Richmond, arid 1 learn that it i 3 supposed to have originated in accident. L. [Correspondence of the Baltimore Sun.] Washington Oct. 10, 9£, P. M. The southern mail boat has just arrived, heavily loaded with passengers. The mails from Baltimore and the North were taken around by steamboat from Acqua creek, and will doubtless reach you early in the morning. * . Q. Result of the Election. —The returns of the election on Monday last in this State, come in but slowly, and we are therefore only enabled to furnish our readers this week with the re sult of the following counties. Os Senators there are ten to be elected to wit: 1 in the Ist District, 1 in the 4th, 1 in ths 6th, 1 in the 10th, 1 in the 11th, 1 in the I‘2th, linthel3th. 1 in the 14th, I in the IGth, and 1 in the 19th —9 Senators holding over. Os these, 5 are whigs, and 4 are democrats. Os the Senators elected this year, the whigs have secured two, Madision and Columbia, and have probably elected one in Nassau, one in Jackson, and one in Hamilton, which gives them a majority ofoneintho Senate. Os the five other dis tricts, the whigs have an equal chance in two, viz: Escambia and Duval, though we may have elected the Duval Senator. Franklin again sends Col. Floyd, democrat, by a hand some majority. In Jefferson the whigs offered no opposition to Judge J. M. Smith, the de mocratic candidate for the Senate, and of course be is elected. Monroe and Dade, which compose the 10th district, hare most probably sent a democrat to the Senate, as thete is a democratic majority of at least 75 in | those two counties. From this statement, it will be seen that the next Senate will be whig, bv from one to seven majority. The lower House will be very close either way. We have gained, as far as head from, three mem bers, 1 in Leon, 1 in Gadsden, and 1 in Frank lin, and lost, three, I iii Wakulla, 1 in Madi son and lin Columbia. Jefferson sends 3 tie* mocrats. What the result has been in the other counties, we have no means of knowing, but judging of the reports from the East, we are apprehensive that both houses of the Leg islature will be Whig. As far as hear .* from, the Whigs have elected 9 members, and the Democrats 8. The House numbers 39 mem bers. Democratic majority last year 2—on joint ballot 3. Tallahassee Floridian, 9th inst. Texas—Derivation of the Name The Camanches claim to be "the lineal de scendants of the empire of Montezuma, and the only legitimate owners of the whole Mexi can country. The chiefs say that when Cortes landed in Mexico, he found the country torn to pieces by internal factions, and was enabled, by employing the disaffected chiefs, to raise a i force to seize upon their capital. Those chiefs believed if they could destroy the power of Montezuma, they could easily despatch the Spaniard, and have the control of the country in their own hands. But too late they ascer tained that they had introduced & harder maa ——————B—Ml ter, and that unconditional servitude was all they had to expect. They were required to change their ancient religion* and thousand; of them were sent off to work in the mines, from which they rarely ever made their es cape. A great proportion of them bowed theii necks to the conqueror, and became serfs and slaves to the Spaniards; but a few, the noblest and best, preferred exile to servitude, and set out on a pilgrimage to the north, in hopes to find a land where they could enjoy their an cient institutions in peace. They travelled for many weeks, and at last came to the great river of the north —the Rio Grande —where they encamped, and sent out twenty chosen men to examine the adjacent country. They crossed the great river, and ascended one of the highest peaks of the moun tain, which overlooked the adjacent plain.— The prairie was covered with buffalo, deer and antelopes, and they thought they had reached the happy hunting-ground, and the word “Te has! Tehasl Tehasl” burst from every tongue. It was decided unanimously that it should be their future home, and that the country should go by the name apparently furnished them by tiie Great Spirit. Tehas is the- Camanche name for the resi dence of the happy spirits in the other world, where they shall enjoy an eternal felicity, and have a plenty of deer and buffalo always at hand. By taking the sound as they pronounce it, and giving it the Spanish orthography, it gives us the word “Texas,” which is the “hap py hunting-ground,” or the “Elysium,” of the Camanches. This is the true history of the name as derived from Isowacany himself. ' Augusta, ocor gi a. Fit IDA Y CORNING, OCT. \‘s, 1817 The Federal Union makes the following comments on the result of the elections for j members of the Legislature. It dashes severe ly the cup of rejoicing among the democrats | at the election of Col. Towns, to reflect that : by the folly and selfishness of a few unworthy aspirants, our party is defeated and two Fed eral Senators are to be sent to Congress from the democratic State of Georgia : “But the most lamentable part of the Story, is yet to be told. The Democracy have lost a decided .majority in. both Houses by their own divisions. In the Senatorial District of Floyd and Chattooga, Col. Towns received a majori ty of 107 votes, and yet that District has re turned a Whig to the Senate. In Bulloch arid Tattnall, Colonel Towns’, majority was IL9, and yet there Was a tie, or as reported by the | Republican, a Whig elected by a majority of | two votes. In the House, Bibb with its demo i cratic majority of 69—Floyd with its 31 —GU- I mer with its 489—Heard* with its 89 —and I Jasper with its 44, have each returned a Whig, j and Randolph with its democratic majority for i Governor of 10, which ought to have been at least 75, has returned two whigs. Is it not a shame, a burning shame, that 40,000 Demo- ; crats, who have manfully stood at their posts, and in many cases struggled successfully against fearful odds, should have their princi -1 pies placed in jeopariy, and sustain the mor- j titication of at least a partial defeat, merely , that a few r ambitious aspirants should be grati fled?” invite attention to the following communication which we find in the Charles ton Mercury. We cordially second the recom mendation in favor of the “ Western Continent ,” ; for the reasons suggested. We have noticed ■ with great pleasure the efficient and thorough- j ly Southern course of that journal on the great ! question of the day to the South —the ques- ! tion of Slavery. The Western Continent is in ! every respect a Southern paper,ln tone,and sen timent arid in the auspices under which it was ; established and Has flourished; It is publish- j od in a Southern citv, ih a slaveholding State, ' * o on the frontier of ailti-shivery and its fierce fanaticism, where it can. meet the ruffianly as saults against us, and can at the same time by means of its literary reputation,Slid already es- ; tablished circulation at the-North get a hear- | ing among our opponents for the Southern : side of the question. We arc free to declare that we doubt the ' expediency of establishing a journal at Wash ington solely for the vindication of the insti tution of slavery. It will get no circulation among our opponents. A correspondent writ ing us a private letter on the subject, remarks that it would be as feasible to establish a press in Constantinople to convert the Turks to Christianity, as to establish a pro-sla very journal at Washington to overcome the anti-slavery opinions of the people of th« North. We are personally acqflainte<l with the edi tor of the Western Continent, ite is a South ern man, and is well known in Georgia as a writer of talents—has acquired some literary celebrity, and was for a time editor of a litera ry journal published for some years in this city. Whatever be the determination of the pro jectors of the contemplated press at Washing ton, we hope that the “ Western Continent ” will continue to receive from the South an ample support. The editor is now on a Southern tour —he will be in our city in about two weeks, and we hope soon to hear of large ac cessions to his subscription list. [ From the Charleston Mercury .] The Contemplated Southern Press. We have understood from good authority, that it is contemplated, by some of our promin ent men, to establish in Washington a news paper to be devoted exclusively to the advo cacy of Southern rights, in opposition to the principles embodied in the Wilmot Proviso. The object of the writer is, to make a sugges tion with regard to this matter, and to give his reason for so doing. Ihe suggestion is this: that if there can be found on the northern fron tier of the Slaveholding States a well conduct ed paper, edited by a gentleman known to the South as an able -writer and competent editor, it would be much better that the support of the Southern people should be concentrated on such a paper, already established\ with a circulation of some thousands, than to expend a large amount of money in the establishment of a new press, which will have to contend with difficulties that every newspaper must inevi tably encounter before it can gain any exten sive cirtulation. We know of such a paper, neutral in party politics, which has taken a firm and decided stand on this question, and j which has published a number of articles from i the pens of some of our most distinguished | Southern writers. Wc allude to “The Western : Continent,” published in Baltimore by W.T, Thompson, Esq., well known to the literary world as a writer, and one who, since his con nection with the “Continent” especially has not suffered his pen to bo idle on this important | question. As respects the location of such a press, we would greatly prefer Baltimore to Washington, because it would be extremely difficult to keep a Washington paper free from the taint of party politics, which, in the estab- lishmeat of 3 paper of this character, must he studiously avoided; and wo predict that in the event of the contemplated press being located at Washington, it would, ere long, become identified with either the Whig or Democratic party. The ‘‘Continent” finds its way into the hands of hundreds of readers, who could never be induced to subscribe to a paper devoted ex clusively to the South. Its present patronage, therefore, with the extended circulation which the energies of those interested in the contem plated movement must bring to it, would un questionably make it the most desirable organ of the South. We make this suggestion, and trust that the attention of those enterprising gentlemen who have taken in hand the establishment of a Southern press, will be directed to it, as we believe, with many others, that the “Western Continent,” from its position, its freedom from the corrupting influences of party politics, and the well known abilities of its conductor, ren der it in every point of view deserving the patronage and confidence of the Southern peo ple. We may add that such an arrangement could undoubtedly be effected with the Editor of the Continent,'who is now' visiting the South; and that nothing would be more consonant | with his feelings than to make the defence of I Southern rights and intitutions tne distinctive feature of his valuable paper.' SOUTHERNER. New Da ok ? Received from the publishers, per Thomas : Richards, the following pleasant books : Part 6, Court of Louis Fourteenth—the last I of the series, by Miss Pardoe. Norman Bridge, by the author of Emilia j Wyndham. Rory O’Moore, by Samuel Lover. Also, received from the author, “A Gram : mar of the English Language,” adapted to j American schools. This seems to be a very j I thorough sy.stem, prepared with great care,and ! is by Joseph R. Chandler, Esq., well known j | as the accomplished editor of the United States ! Gazette. lie has recently retired from the edi torial profession and is now’ President of Gi | raid College. Col, Towns’ Letter to W. B. Cone. I We publish the following letter, which we find in yesterday’s Chronicle S$ Sentinel. It is a very good letter —just such a one as a sensible man would write on the subject who might be in favor of the Rail Road ex tension, yet would oppose exorbitant taxation to accomplish it. No good citizen ought to desire a man in the Executive chair who would be a piece of wax to be moulded into shape to I suit others, or would tamely surrender all dis j cretion over matters upon which ho may be called oh to act. Col. Towns would have been grossly culpable had he given any pledge | which, would have disarmed him, under every and all circumstances, of the use of the veto power in reference to all legislation on this 1 great question. But the people have confi j dence that he will not capriciously orarbitra , rily use it. They have shown this confidence | by electing him to the Executive chair. As to the circumstances which called forth this letter to Mr. Cone, we know nothing. We presume that it is in reply to a respectful let- I ter of inquiry from that gentleman. Colonel Towns has committed no very grave offence lin answering such a letter. Mr. Cone is a po litical supporter,and probably a personal friend; We therefore see nothing objcctidnablc, either I in the cori'espoudence itself, or the sentiments j of the letter. - Taurotton. Sept. 27, 18 it. Dear Sir —Your letter of 10th inst. I receiv ■ ed last night on my returning home, artd now hasten ray answer. In regard to the Railroad, | I herewith send you the answer of O *noral | Clinch and myself, published in the Constitti i tlonalist, to an interrogatory propounded to us from a Comm ttee in Walker county. From my ans wer, you will see I am pledged to abide bv the action of the Legislature; if the Legis : lature say complete the road, and will provide i the means without embarrassing or imposing | unnecessary burthens upon the people, then I j will, if elected, saxiction the law for that ob ject; tmt on the other hand, I shall not feel it my duty to exert any influence as Executive, over the Legislntiire of the State on this sub ject, nor will I feel myself authorized to give my sanction to aiiy law passed by the Legisla ture for the purpose of completing this road, whereby the public debt of the State is to be largely ncreased. If the Legislature directs the road to be completed .upon such principles as will succeed without imposing a burthen upon the people of the State, which from its mag nitude will overbalance the good to be realized by the completion of the road, then I am free to admit that such a project would receive my Sanction; On the other hand, if the burthen of taxation is to be increased for the comple tion of this road, or a new public debt impos ed upon the State to be redeemed by the peo ple from increased taxation, I am not prepared to give any such measure my sanction. In a word, the completion of the Railroad belongs exclusively to the Legislature; there I am dis posed to let it rest. The action of that body will be my guide, unless, in my judgement, I it violates the Constitution; and is oppressive and unjust to the people, in which event I j should not feel myself bound to sanction its measitres. lam your friend .and ob't. serv’t., G. W. TOWNS. Wm. B. Coxe, Esq., Dalton, Oa. Ocean Steamers- The French steamship Missouri left Cher bourg, France, on the 30th ult., for New York; the English mail steamer Cambria left Liver pool on the sth inst. for Boston; and the French steamer Philadelphia, was to leave Cherbourg, France, on the 10th inst. The Rev. Benjamin M. Falmer,who was, for a series of years, Pastor of the Circular Church, in Charleston, died, at Orangeburg, S. C., on ! Saturday night last, in the 67th year of his age. From Tabasco. —By the arrival of the schoon er Arietis, Capt. Martin, we have very late news from Tabasco. The Arietis left the mouth of Tabasco river on the 22d ult. Capt. Martin reports the United States bomb brig Etna, Commander G. J. Van Brunt; schooner Bonita, J. M. Berrien, Lieutenant Commanding; and steamer Scourge; were lying at Frontcra, near the mouth ot the Tabasco river. Every thing at the time of the sailing of the Arietis was quiet. The latest accounts from the town of Tabasco state that the populace wore all peace ably disposed; that may of the Mexican soldiers were daily deserting, on account of not receiv ing anv pay for thoir services, ’lhose who re mained were under the command of the famous Miguel Bruno, whofit is said, has been appoint ed Commander-in-Chief of the Mexican forces in the State of Tabasco. A large number of our own troops hayebeen on the sick list, but are rapidly recovering. There is no very late news from the interior. The greater number of inhabitants who had left the town or Frontera on account of the war, are now returning, having become sat: sfiod that the Americana will not harm them when they keep themselves quiet. The importation ot logwood, for some cause or other, had been stopped. Com. Perry was at last accounts Front 10 ” ut was expect- The Macedonian. —We hear of this vessel last at Greenock, where, on the 2d of September,» ‘‘grand soner was given to Commodore De- Itay by the Odd Fellow;, a large assemblage of ladies and gentlemen being present The Commodore made a clever speech, when his health was proposed, in which he adroitly com plimented the ladies, the Odd Fellows and the good people of Greenock, Mrs. DeKay’s grand father, Henry Eckford, having served his ap prenticeship to a shipbuilder there. On the following Monday, a dinner was given to the Commodore and officers by the “Central Board of the Highland Rtlief Fund.” The U. S. ship Macedonian sailed from Gree nock on the 14th of September for New York. What is the reason why our whig brethren entertain us with no more of their prophecies and declamations on the universal ruin which I was to overtake the country, in consequence of the passage of the reduced tariff of duties I which went into operation, December, 184 G? Our whig brethren are quite mum on this once fruitful subject—Twelve months ago they en tertained us with laughable lamentations on | the approaching distress which was to over whelm every class of our fellow citizens —even the Bulletin was ludicrously pathetic and blunderingly eloquent—But now we hear noth ing on the subject of the tariff of protection— It is gone, we apprehend, to the tomb of the | Capulets, to be soon followed by whig opposi | tion to the Sub Treasury—which has also I shamed their predictions. Our whig brethren i like some personages of whom Milton speaks, Silent, and in face • Confounded, long they sit, as stricken mute. They appear to be waiting for some new ! topic for their eloquence. They are dumb i founded in regard to General Taylor—and the i Massachusetts whig Convention have nominat | cd Daniel Webster for President of the United States; George N. Brings for Governor, and John Heed for Lieutenant Governor. The vote for President was unanimous, and this explains the refusal of 11. Clay to visit Boston, and it proves how the whigs of New England are affected towards General Taylor. What can a whig candidate for president do without Massachusetts? Our whig brethren are in a sad way,poor fellows! and it is their own fault. — New Orleans Courier , B th inst. ANDERSON,TsrcTOctT:".—The Engi neers, engaged in the survey of the route of the Rail Road from Newberry C. H., through Abberville District and by this place to Green ville C. 11., have progressed to near the An derson line, we are informed, and may there fore be expected at this place by the last of next week we suppose. From .here they will proceed on the ridge between the Twenty-six i miles and Beaverdam creeks to Greenville C. 11. We learn that the route, as far as they have come, ascertained to be in every respect a most admirable one.— Gazette. Tn«riiiF i »sgTMoeHgfwwriif l i i miiUK».w ■!!■>"> i wfw ■■ MARRIED, On the 10th inst., by the Rev. H. V Maikey, Dr. W. Barton to Mr*. Barau Bostwick, all of Burke county, Ga. . . ~.. Special Notices. O’MR. L. Li TASTE Has the honor of informing his fellow citizens of Augusta, that he will, This Evening, deliver the first of a series of LECTURES ON SCIENTIFIC SUBJECTS; beginning with the beautiful and useful science of PNEUMATICS, illustrated by numerous experi ments, with new and efficient apparatus. In show ing the mechanical properties of atmospheric air, the following are a few ot the illustrations : Fonnt flirt in reeve. The Crushed Bottle. A Heavy Weight Raised. The Magdeburgh Hemispheres. The Torricellian Vacuum, exhibiting the priref ple of the Barometer. The Air Shower. Boiling Water in vacuo. The Belle in vacuo. ■ Transfer of Liquids by Expanrion and Pressure. The beautiful Bolt Head Experiment, ttc Ac. As Mr. L. is desirous of enlarging the quantity of his Apparatus, and hopes to render his lectures in structive, at least, he confidently expects the pa tronage of his friends. Tickets—Fifty cents—a gentleman and two la dies $1 —Students of other Institutions half price To be had at Mr. Granville’s Book Store.' Oct. 15 ]— AUGUSTA ENCAMPMENT NO. 5. I. O. G. F. A Regular Meeting of the Camp wdl be held at the Masonic Hall, Tins {Friday ) Evening, at T o’clock precisely. By ord£r 6f tbcC. P. Oct. 15 WM. HAINES, Scribe; GEORGIA R. ROAD & BANK’G. CO* AUGUSTA, OCT. 11, 1847. DIVIDEND NO. 13 —A Dividend of THREE per cent, out of the profits of the last six months, is declared on the Capital Stock Os this Company, payable on and after Monday , the 18th inst. J. W. WILDE, Cashier. Oct. I 4 G Another Letter from Vermont. Nor. *2l, 1815. Mr. Seth VV. Fowle>— Sir —Having tested the value of Wistar’s Bal sam of Wild Cherry, I take the pleasure in giving to you the facts in ray own case, for your own sa tisfaction and the benefit of others. One year ago last April, I was violently attacked with a severe cold and cough, with much pain in my side, which was considerably swollen. I applied to a number of physicians bat obtained no relief, and they told me that if I did not get help immediate ly my case would be doubtful. It was my good fortune at that critical moment to take up a paper containing a notice of Wistar’s Balsam of Wild i Cherry, and thinking it to be what I needed, sent ! some distance to procure a bottle, as it was not ' then kept in oar vicinity, and to my astonishment, I received from that one bottle immediate relief, I now keep it by me constantly, as I find noth ing so good for common colds, and do cueerfu.ly recommend it to all as being an article of great merit, hoping that others may by the early wse of this valuable remedy, bo saved from an untimely grave. JAMES KING. Tonbridge, Orange Co., Vt. None genuine unless signed 1. BUTTS on tbo wrapper. For sale in Augusta, wholesale and retail, by 11A VI LAND. RISLEY &CO..and also by THOM AS BARRETT & CO,, apd Dealers in Medicines generally in Augusta. Oct. 13 3 ~~' augustaTmanupacturing com pany. By order of the Board of Directors, notice U hereby given, that an installment of 10 per cent is required to be paid in by the Stockholders on Wed nesday, the l Oth of November next. WILLIAM PHILLIPS, Sec’y i■