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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. JAMES GAKD NErTjR. TEEDSS. Daily , per annum $S 00 Tri-Weekly, per annum 6 00 If paid in advance 5 00 Weekly, per annum 3 00 If paid in advance . ..2 50 To Clubs, remitting $lO in advance, FEE COPFES are sent. This will put our Weekly pa per in the reach of new subscribers at TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. HTSubscribers who will pay up arrearages, and •end four new subscribers, with the money, can get the paper at <2 (X). XT*All new subscriptions - must be paid in ad vance. fO*Postage must be paid on all communications and letters of business. 'rain the Chronicle 4* Sentinel Extra, 18 th iusl.] LATE AND IMPORTANT FROM MEXICO ! ! ! ANOTHER EXPRESS! TWENTY-POUR HOURS IN ADVANCE OP THE MAIL ! ARRIVAL OF THE FASHION. OUR VICTOUIks fully CONFIRMED! THE CAPITAL INCUR QUIET POSSESSION ! AMERICAN LOSS in THE BATTLES OP TJI3 BTH AND 13TH. GENERALS PILLOW AND SHIELDS WOUNDED. col. Mclntosh, lieut. cols, mar tin SCOTT, GRAHAM, BAXTER and DICKINSON KILLED. GREAT LOSS OF OTHER OFFICERS AND MEN. FURTHER PARTICULARS OF THE BATTLES, [From the New Orleans Picayune., of the lUh insf.] The steamer Fashion, Capt. Ivy, arrived last evening from Vera Cruz via Tampico, hav ing left the former city on the 7th and the latter on the. 9th. From the 3d to the 7th outward bound vessels were detained at Vera Cruz by a heavy norther, and little communi cation was had with the shore. The Fashion has experienced, very rough weather. By this arrival we have our correspondence from Mr. Kendall and others up to the 2Sth of September from the city of Mexico. The news is glorious, ever glorious for the Ame rican armsj,. at.the same time our losses.are severe, and the-details of the killed and woun ded heart-sickening. Thank God! none of our generals have been killed, but, Maj. Gen. Pillow • and Brig. Gen. Shields were both wounded severely, but were doing well at last accounts. We are not about to repeat the list of killed here ; it will be found in Mr. Kendall’s letters. We may mention, however, that Col. Mclntosh and Col. Bansom, Lieut. Col. Martin &eott, Lieut. Col. Graham, of the litn Infantry, Lieut. Col. Baxter, of the New York regiment, and Lieut. Col. Dickinson, of the South- Carolina regiment,' are dead. * For the r'st of the. deplorable list we refer to Mr. Kendall’s letters. In the battle of the King’s Mill on the Sth, Gen. Worth’s division lost about 600 men in the battles of the 13th—the storming of Cha pultspec and the attack on the citadel —Quit- man’s division lost 300, Twiggs’ 268, Pillow’s 142, and Worth’s 138 —848 in all. Worth had scarcely a thousand men in this action.— Our entire loss since 1 caviar Puebla in killed, wounded and missing, Mr. Kendall sets down at 3000 ; another authority given below makes it 4000. And yet Gen. Scott entered the val ley of Mexico with an army only a little ex ceeding 10,090 men. What wonders have not these “ten thousand” achieved T The Mexican accounts representing that we were at any time seriously repulsed are not true, — The Mexican loss is not definitely ascertained, but was enormous. We have very beautiful maps illustrating both the groat battle-fields—of the Sth and the 13th—and shall lay them before our readers as early as practicable. Gen. Bravo was not killed, but was taken prisoner. We do not see that Gen. Santa Anne was wounded. It is true that he has resigned the Presidency. We have the act before us, but have not roon for it to-day. Since his re signation he has made an address to his coun trymen, which we will give to-morrow. We annex heie Gen. Scott’s orders after his victorious occupation of the city, by which it will be seen that Gen Quitman, who gloriously distinguished himself on the 13th, is Governoi of the city: General Orders — No. % 284. Headquarters of the Army, Mexico. Sept. M I- Under the favor of God, the valor of this army, after many glorious victories, has hoist ed the colors of our country in the capital of Mexico and on the palace of its Government. 2. But the war is not ended. The Mexican army and Government have fled, only to watet an opportunity to return upon us in vengeance W r e must then be upon our guard. 3 Companies and regiments will be kept to gether, and all stand on the alert. Our safety is in military discipline. 4. Let there be no drunkenness, no disorders and no straggling. Stragglers will be in great danger of assassination and marauders shall be punished by courts martial. 5. All the rules so honorable observed by this glorious array in Puebla, must be observed here The honor of the army and the honor of om country' call for the best behavior of the pari of all. The valiant must, to win the approoa tion of God and country, be sober, orderly and merciful. His noble brethren in arms will nd be deaf to this hasty appeal from their com mander and friend. 6. Maj.-Gen. Quitman is appointed Civil end Military Governor of Mexico. By command of Maj.-Gen. Scott. H. L. SCOTT, A. A. A. G. Two days after, he issued the following ad ditional orders : General Orders — No. 256. Headquarters of the Army, ? National Palace of Mexico, Sept. 16, 1817. ) The general-in-chief calls upon his brethren in arms to return both in public and private worship, thanks and gratitude to God for the signal triumphs they have recently achieved for their country. Beginning with the 19th of August and ending the 14th instant, this array has gal lantly fought its way' through the fields and forts of Contreras, San Antonio, Chumbusco Molino del Rev, Chapultepcc and the gates o: - San Cosine and Tacubaya, into the capital o: Mexico. When the very' limited numbers who havi performed those brilliant deeds shall have be come known, the world will be astonished and our own countrymen filled with joy and ad miration. But all is not yet done. The enemy, though scattered and dismayed, has still many frag ments of his late army hovering about u«, and, aided yan exasperated population, he may ag&in re-finite in treble ournumbers and fail upon us to advantage if we rest inactive on the security of past victories. Compactness, vigilance and discipline ar ?, therefore, ourtnly securities. Let every good 1 officer and man look to these cautions and cn -1 join them upon all. others. By command of i Maj. Gen. Scott. i ‘ H. L. SCOTT’, A. A. A. G. i "W e have no time or room to make a sum mary from our correspondence. In addition to Mr. Kendall’s letters, we give two others, written in the city of Mexico on the 28th, by' foreign houses; one is translated from the French. It is well to have the evidence of dis i interested foreigners in these matters. By the way of Tampico we have a letter, kindly for warded to us, dated O/uluarna, October 3. The letter is so brief we give it here : Ozuluama, October 3. i When you requested me to give you news from Mexico, there was nothing more than what you were acquainted with regarding the capture of the city, and although they' are still ■ verv meagre and doubtful, I am going to toll ; you what wc have learned by letter from Pa chuca. i Gen. Santa Anna is in Tlascala with only • <SOO cavalry, and it is said (though I do not be lieve it) that he is going to Central America. Gen. Herrera has gone to Queretaro to or ganise the Government. Gen. Bustamente is said to be directing him- j self upon Mexico with the national guard of Guanajuato and other places. It seems there are two papers published in i Mexico in Spanish and English. The post is to be re-established; Gen. Scott has imposed a contribution on the corporation : of ,4? 1 <so.ooo.payable in three weeks, in instal i ments of soo,ooo. j To this letter we have a postscript written I by another hand ; Tampico, October 7. Gen. Santa Anna went on the 14th Septem ber, to Toluca, 14 leagues from Guadalupe, with a remnant of his army—in his cairiage— | I saw him enter it. A Poi.ander. That Santa Anna should be at Tlascala, as j represented in the letter of the 3d, is altogeth er probable. Tlascala is directly north of Pue bla, and about twenty miles distant. Move directly east from Tlascala and you strike the I road to Perote in less than twenty miles, lie j is near enough to threaten our trains, but not | strong enough to effect much. The American Star was issued in the city of j I Mexico on the 20th ult., by Peoples & Barnard. : We have several numbers of it, but can make I | little use of them to-day. Many more deserters have been hung, but the reader will be grieved to hear that Riley escaped that punishment on some ground, and was only Hogged. All will be glad to hear j that the American prisoners, Capt. Clay' and ; i others, have joined Gen. Scott. See our let- i ter?. The Monitor Republican© and the Courier Francais have been revived in Mexico. We regret that we have no more space at our command to-day*, and are reluctantly . compelled to postpone any further use of our letters and papers till to-morrow. The two letters below and all Mr. Kendall’s letters we earnestly commend to fee attention of our readers: | Extract of a letter from a foreigner to a commer cial house. Mexico, Sept. 28, 1847. On the 6th, the armistice was suddenly brok ' en off in consequence of Gen. Scott having ' considered it infringed, and he therefore de manded an apology or that hostilities should j commence on the 7th, at 12 o’clock. But noth ing was done until the Sth, when a battle com -1 meuced in front of Chapultepec, which was warmly contested by both parties. The A mcr leans had to retire with a loss of 800 or or 1000 men;* the Mexican loss was also eon ’ siderable, but y’ou well know the difficulty of ascertaining correctly. They lost, Gen. Leon, i of Oajaca, and Gen. Balderas, both brave citi- 1 ’ | zen soldiers; they' died heroically, loading on j their troops. The battle was fought princi ! pally by the National Guard, the regular array j having lied in the early’ part of the action; and, ; in truth, in all the affairs up to the abandoning * of the city, they have showm themselves per fectly worthless. On the 12th at break of day*, the Americans commenced cannonading Chapultepec, which continued the whole day. On the 13th, they r commenced firing again, and kept it up from e 5 till 9A. M.; then they succeeded in taking s f the castle, and immediately followed up their | victory to the garitas of the city', where they | were met with a most obstinate resistance and a, j did not enter that night; but on the morning { I of the 14th the American army commenced | entering the city r and at 7 their Hag -was _ i waving over the nalace,or what the Yankees , ; have called the “Halls of the Montezumas.” | At 12 o’clock the previous night Santa Anna s with all his troops loft the city, leaving the in t habitants at the mercy of the invading army, y and before daylight the place was entirely r plundered by the leperos and prisonex - s of the ex-Accordada who had escaped or been let loose At 7 o'clock partial shots were heard in the city, fired by the inhabitants on the American • army as it was entering. It soon became a s brisk fire, and continued pretty severe during the day’. The Americans fought most bravely, f and plundered those houses from which the shots proceeded (or from which they fancied a they came) so- that many innocent people suf h sered in person and property. The troops 5- were much exasperated, and I can scarcely' blame them. The following day firing ceased, - although some partial excesses were commit- Y ted. i On the 16th, things were a little restored to peace and up to to-day have become still more tranquil. On Monday, the 20th, a few' of the c j shops opened, yet most of the principal ones are still closed, as the want of confidence is f great. ” The Mexican population are far from being ' l satisfied, and there is every reason to believe a reaction will take place. Gen. Scott is taking j great precaution to prevent outrages, and I must say, to the credit of the Americans, that they have behaved with much more prudence than could have been expected under existing , circumstances, and the inhospitable reception they met with. It is a pretty well known fact with us that the American army have lost since they left Puebla, in killed, wounded, and death from fatigue and other causes , about 4000 men, and upwards of 170 commissioned officers , yet their real loss I cannot positively state. As sassinations are daily' committed in the barrios (suburbs) on the straggling soldiers. At 8 o’clock at night, all is quiet, and there is not a 9 soul to be seen in the streets; window’s and c doors are shut and barricaded, and the ladies e keep in both night and dav, and our once raer i ry city wears a sombre aspect; the trail of the serpent is evidently’ over it. Gen. Scott has d declared martial law' and enforces it strictly. - In relation to the Mexican army, I can scarcely d give y'ou the rumors : some say they' have gone to Queretaro under the command of Herrera, d where the Government will form itself. Santa Anna is thought to be in the neighborhood of Puebla with 2000 cavalry, and it is said Gov. e Childs has fortified himself on the heights of - Loretto, which you know commands the city, d There are many other rumors which may be - true, but they arc too vague and indefinite to trouble you with. One thing, hoavever, is cer ta tain; we are in a most critical position, and - God only knows avhat will be the result. -• I have a good opportunity of knowing the feelings of the people, and my opinion* is that we arc \further ojf fr&m peace than ever. ♦See Mr. |£fs. letter where he refers* to the troops being-withdrawn by order of General Scott, and you will find his prediction that the Mexicans would claim a victory correct. [translated.] Capv nf a letter written by a foreigner to one of his countrymen i/t Vera Cruz, {a Frenchman.) Mexico, Sept. 28> 1847. My Dear Sir —I avail myself of the departure of the British courier to s'kech you the scenes it has been my luck to witness in the capital and its environs. The Mexicans having been beaten in all points and in every way from the Bth to the 13th insts.,'General Santa Anna left the capi tal in the evening of the 13th and took the road to the interior. On the 14th, in the morning, the Americans entered the city in a very quiet I manner, and Gen, Scott was already in the I palace, when on a sudden the people of the | lower classes commenced throwing stones on | the Americans from the tops of the houses,and i from all the streets, whilst individuals of a bet ter standing tired from the windows and bal conies on the Yankees, who were far from ex | peering such treatments Gen. Scott ordered immediately pieces of artillery to be placed in all directions and soon swept the streets with grape shot, but this proved insufficient to sub due the insurrection. Gen. Scott then sent a few companies on divers points with orders to break open every house out of which they should lire, to put to the sword those found within, and lastly, to sack the property therein i contained. This order, which was executed 1 with great moderation, (thanks to the secret I instructions of Gen. Scott,) but in some cases ! with stern energy, soon put down the insur- I rection. Those scenes lasted three long and | sad days—from the 12th on the loth, and I I assure you we were much alarmed during the ! : whole of the time. All foreigners, including those imbued in other respects with prejudice ; towards the Americans, agree in one point that 1 the American army has not done the hundredth part of the injury it had a right to do, and i which European armies would have done in similar circumstances. A foreigner myself, and having seen warfare in Europe towards the end of Napoleon’s military career, I, judging by comparison, give it as my sincere and candid I opinion, that if a continental army had been stoned and fired upon by the population of a vanquished city, the inhabitants would have ! been dealt with rather roughly. Now we are tranquil, but it is a sad tranquility, as we fear new disturbances. Our precarious situation ; will not change for the better until peace be | concluded or the Americans send about 15,000 men more. The army of invasion is really too j small, for figure to yourself 7000 men in a city i of upwards of 200,000 hostile souls, and in Puebla less than 1500 to maintain a population I 'of more than 50,000. This is really too little. The Americans have covered themselves with glory in all the battles fought in Mexico ; they are all and each of them heroes. It is a great j thing to see a handful of Americans cut their j way through 300 miles of dense population and hoist the star-spangled banner on the domes of this capital, i Gen. Herrera, ex-President, has gone to j Queretaro. where a Congress is to assemble j next month. He took with him 4000 men, and Santa Anna fell back upon Puebla ; j with 2000 horsemen. These two bodies of | troops are the remnants of the 20,000 regular : troops who defended the city no longer than I two weeks ago. Some people hope that peace will be advo ( catedby several members of the next Congress at Queretaro, but, for my part, I do not be- j ! lievc it. The folly of these people is not yet at an end. When will they open their eyes to their true interest r Never. This is my ; fear. All communications with the interior are cut off. IVIr- Kendall’s Letters from the Army. [Editorial Correspondence of the Picayune.] Tacueava, Sept. 8-, 1847. Forenoon , 10 o’clock. —I have just returned from another battle field —one on which the victory of the American arms was complete, I and which our troops contended against an enemy immensely superior in number and ! strongly posted. Gen. Worth commenced the 1 attack at early daylight, and in less than two hours every point was carried, all the cannon of the enemy were in our possession, an im mense quantity of ammunition captured, and nearly 1,000 men, among them fifty-three offi cers taken pritoners. For more than an hour the battle raged with a violence not surpsased since the Mexican ; war commenced, and so great the odds oppos- ; | cd, that for some time the result was doubtful. ; ; The force of the enemy has been estimated at j 12,000 to 15,000, strongly posted behind breast works, and to attack them our small force of scarcely 3000 was obliged to approach on an open plain and without the least cover; but j their dauntless courage carried them over every : obstacle, and notwithstanding the Mexicans I fought with a valor rare for them, they finally | routed from one point or another until all were driven and dispersed. The defeat was I total. But to gain this victory our own loss has been uncommonly severe —it has been pur ; chased with the blood of some of the most gallant spirts of the army. The sth Infantry ! has suffered the most. This regiment, along ! with the 6th and Bth, was engaged in the at* ; tack upon a strong work on the enemy’s right, ; and was opposed to such superior numbers that it was compelled to retire along with the oth ers. The celebrated Col. Martin Scott was killed in this attack, along with 1 ieuts. Bur well and Strong, while Col. Mclntosh and j many other officers were badly wounded. The I j worse than savage miscreants in the fort, after i 1 our men retired, set up a yell and came out i i and massacred such of our wounded as were unable to get off. In this way poor Burwell | lost his life. Fully were they avenged, how- j ever; for within half an hour Duncan’s batte ry, aided by the fall of another of their works, drove the dastardly wretches in full flight a cross the fields. No one knew or even surmis ed the strength of the place; it was an old fort, constructed long since, and was one of the main defences of the line of works. On the enemy’s left, and near Chapultepec, our loss was also great, although not as severe. It was here that Col. Wm. M. Grab an, as brave a spirit as ever lived, was killed; Capts. Mer rill and Ayres also fell in this part of the field. The wonder now is how any could come out | safe under such a terrible fire as the enemy poured from his entire line of works. Noth ing but the daring and impetuosity of our men, who rushed onward while their comrades were falling thick around them, gained the victory —had they once faltered, all would have been lost. The broken ground on the right of the ene my, cut up by deep ravines, saved many of Santa Anna's troops in their flight; yet, as it was, our dragoons captured many of the fugi tives. Large bodies of the Mexican cavalry approached the scene of strife several times, but they v>ere a riven like sheep by Duncan’s battery. The Mexican loss has been even more severe than our own. Gen. Balderas, Gen- Leon and many other officers are numbered among the dead, while the interior of their works, the tops of the houses, from which they fought, and the ground over which they fled are strewn | Avith lifeless bodies. Such was the panic that many of our officers say that a few fresh troops i might have taken Chapultepec itself almost [ —m ■' i iwawiaayagßMaßßea without a.struggle; but other than ft few shots , fired at that point from some of the captured cannon, no demonstration was made. After the battle was over, Gen. Scott out, accompanied by his staff, and also* by Mr, Trist. The : Mexicans at the time were throw ing shells at some of the wagons Gen. Worth had sent out to pick up the the dead and wounded. They had placed a howitzer in position orv Chapultepec at the clo>e of the ac tion, and now, seeing no enemy within reach, the cowardly wretches opened upon the am bulances and those who were gathering the bodies of their wounded and lifeless comrades. On seeing this worse than savage outrage, one of our officers, with a sarcastic expression of countenance, asked whether Mr. Trist had any new peace propositions in his pockets. — Mackintosh did not come out after the battle to gain more time for his friend Santa Anna, nor worm out fresh intelligence of the strength and movements of our army, in order that he might be of service to the Mexicans by com municating it. The Mexican prisoners say that Santa. Anna himself was on the ground in the rear of their works, but left at the commencement of the route. They admit that their entire force was 15,000; it is certain that including killed, wounded, prisoners and dispersed, their loss has been near 5,000. Many of them were reg ulars, the 11th. and 12th Infantry Regiments, suffering most. The commander of the latter, Col. Tenorio, is a prisoner in our hands; some fourteen officers belonging to the former are also prisoners, but the commander, Gen. Pe rez, escaped. The foundry, in- which several moulds for casting cannon and other apparatus were found, 1 was . entirely demolished, and after ascertain- l ing this, Gen. Scott not wishing to hold the ! position, ordered all the forces to retire. The j | whole affair, as a military movement, is severely j criticised by many of our officers. They con tend that no result has been gained coramen i surate with the immense loss we have sustain- | ■ed in the battle. This is a matter Ido not feel ! myself qualified to discuss, but it must be cer- ! tain that the morale upon the Mexicans, of a defeat so disgraceful and so disastrous, must be important. They have now, (it is five o’clock in the afternoon,) returned to their po sitions ; and if Santa Anna was on the ground as is stated, and can find no one to lav the i 7 * 1 ; blame upon, he may twist the whole affair into a victory —on paper. It will not be the first time he has done this thing. Since I commenced this letter I have been i out endeavoring to obtain a full list of the kill ed and wounded officers, but so far have been unable. Knowing the deep anxiety felt in the United States, by the families of all, this shall | be my Hrst care. The entire loss in General I Worth’s division, out of some 1,800 or 2,000 , that went into action, will not fall much short I |of GOO. The Dragoons and Gen. Cadwalader’s j brigade, did not suffer so severely in compari- j son. What the next movement is to be, no one knows, but it is thought the city will be attacked immediately. Yours, See. g. w. k. Tacubata, Sept. 6, 1847. I have been enabled to gather a full list nf all the killed and wounded officers in Gen. Worth’s division in the great battle of the ; Molinodel Key, as also of those in Maj. Sum ner’s command of Dragoons. Gen. Cadwala der’s loss I will obtain oefore I close this let , ter. The list which follows may be relied j upon. i Gen. Worth’s Division.— Killed —Col. Mar- j tin Scott, sth Inf.; Capt. Merrill, sth Inf.; j Capt. G. W. Ayres, 3d Art.; Lt. E. B. Strong, sth Inf.; Lieut. W. Armstrong, 2d Art.; Lt. W. T. Burwell, sth ini'.; Lieut. Furry, 3d Art. Wounded. —Col. Mclntosh, sth Inf.; severe- i j lv; Maj. C. A. Waite, Bth Inf.; badly; Maj. G. Wright, Bth Inf.; slightly; Capt. E. K. Smith, sth Inf., severely; Capt. Cady, 6thlnf., slight ly; Capt. Larkin Smith, Bth Inf., severely; Capt. Walker, 6th Inf., severely; Captain 13. ! Anderson, Sd Art., severely; Asst. Surgeon W. Roberts, dangerously; Capt. J. L. Mason, corps of engineers, severely; Lieut. M. L. Shackleford, 2d Art., severely; Lieut. C. S*. Hamilton, sth Inf., severely; Lieut. C. B. i Daniels, 2d Art., severely; Lieut. Ernst, 6th Inf., severely—lost right hand; Lieut. J. G. j Burbank, Bth Inf., mortally: Lieut. J. D. , Clarke, Bth Inf., badly; Lieut. G. F. Morris, severely, lost right foot; Lieut. J. Beardsley, I Bth Inf., badly; Lieut. G. Wainwright, Bth ■ Inf., severely; Lieut. H. J. Hunt, 2d Art., slightlv; Lieut. J. G. S. Snelling, Bth Inf.; j severely; Lieut. H. F. Clarke, 2d Art., slight ly; Lieut. W. Hayes, 2d Art., slightly; Lieut. ! J. G. Foster, corps of engineers, severely; j Asst. Surgeon J. Simmons, slightly; Lieut, ! Dent, sth Inf., severely; Lieut. H. Prince, 4th Inf., severely; Lieut. A, B. Lincoln, 4th Inf., severely; Lieut. Herman Thorne, 3d Dragoons —aid to Col. Garland, severely; Lieut. Mont gomery, Bth Inf., slightly; Incut. Andrews, 3d Art., slightly. Major Sumner’s Command.— Capt. Croghan Ker, 2d Dragoons, severely; Lieut Tree- 3d Dragoons, severely; Lieut. Walker, Mounted Rifles, slightly; Lieut. Williams, 3d Dragoons, slighty. The above list is complete and perfect. There has been much difficulty in obtaining it, as nearly all the orderly sergeants and execu- • tive officers have been killed or wounded.— I The conduct of the non-commissioned officers has been gallant and most canspicuous, while several of them behaved so nobly that they have been recommended for immediate promo- . tion to Gen. Scott. Their names arcSergearts ; Benson, Wilson and Robinson, of the 2d Ar- ; tillery; Sergeant Heck, 3d Artillery; Sergeants ! Updegraff, Farmer, Archer and Dally, of the i sth Infantry; Sergeant-Major Thompson, of ! the 6th Infantry; Sergeant-Major Fink, of rhe | Bth Infantry. I trust and hope that General j Scott will at once promote these brave fellows, j More than half the officers in Gen. Worth's i division have been struck down, either killed | or wounded, in the actions of Churubusco and El Molino del Rev, and many of the compa- ; nies have absolutely no one to command them. Os our wounded officers, I cannot learn that one of them has received mortal injury, al though three or four are in a dangerous situa tion. The wound of Major Waite, although severe, will not keep him long from duty. The same may be said of Capt. Mason and Lieut. Foster, of the engineers. Maj. Wright was struck in the stomach by a partially spent ball, while gallantly leading the storming par | ty of 500 picked men, but is now recovering ! from the effect. I shall make further inquiries I in relation to the wounded officers before I dose this letter. No less than nineteen of the deserters, cap tured by Gens. Twiggs and Shields at Chur- | übusco, have been found fully guilty, and are to be hung to-morrow morning. The miscreant i Riley, who commanded them, escapes the pun ishment of death, as he proved that he deserted \ before the war. He has been sentenced, how ever, to be severely whipped, to be branded as well, and to wear a ball and chain in front of | the army during the war! A deserter taken 1 among the prisoners at the Molino, on the Bth, was summarily dealt with. It seems that he de serted from Mouterey last fall,and a comrade j who recognized him, to save the trouble of a ! court martial, at once pitched him into the mill flume and he was crushed to pieces by the wheel? Another batch of deserters, who have been undergoing a trial here in Tacubaya, will 'be hung in a day or two it is said. Host richly j do they deserve their fate, j The following list of the officers killed and | wounded in Gen. Cadwalader’s brigade I be- : licveto be nearly correct. .H there is any in accuracy in it I will correct it. It so happeii*- ed in the cfrdcr of battle, that the mcnt was immediately The brigade of Gen. fierce was called "into action towards the closd of theybattle. He lost a few mea, but I learn that ho officers were Killed. Both j Gens. Cadwalader and Pierce behaved with the 1 greatest alacrity and gallantry on the occasion. Here is the list of the killed and wounded in the brigade of the former: Gen. Cadwaladeh’s Brigade. — Killed —Col. Wm.M. Graham, 11th Infantry? Lieut Dick | Johnson, 11th Infantry. Wounded —Major Savage, 14th Inf., slightly; Major Talcott, Voltigeurs, slightly; Capt. | Guthrie, 11th Inf., slightly; Capt.. Irwin, 11th j Inf., slightly; Lieut. Lee, 11th Inf., slightly; Lieut. Kintzing Yoltiguers, slightly; Lieut: Thomas Shields, 14th Inf., slightly; Lieut. Swan. Yoltiguers, slightly. The loss of non-commissioned officers and privates in this brigade I have not yet ascer tained ;it will not exceed 100. The loss in Maj. Sumner’s command, which consisted of 280 men, was 6 killed and 33 wounded. Os horses he had 27 killed and 78 wounded.— Nearly every officer had a horse shot under him. I may possibly send this letter off to-night by a Mexican, but it will depend upon wheth er there is a prospect of anyther battle to-mor row or next day. Matters' are approaching a crisis, while the great mistake in not entering the capital on the night of the 20th, when the Mexicans were perfectly panic stricken and in, full flight, is hourly developing itself.— The great sacrifice of life yesterday—the loss of ! so many gallant spirits—has all been owing to the cessation of hostilities and the armistice j which followed, and an awful responsibility | rests either with the Government, or with Gen. Scott and Mr. Trist. The instructions will show, but I am of the opinion, that the former is mostly to blame- The latter are censurable for placing faith in Mackintosh, in giving Santa Anna so much time, or even in having any reliance upon his power and ability ! to make peace under all circumstances, how ever much he might have desired it personal ; ly. I will say nothingbf the bribery—the dark ! side of the picture is undoubtedly the work j of the exceedingly wise men at Washington. Bad advisers, have been busy, both here and at home, in recommending measures to bring about a peace, and their counsels have prevailed to the exclusion of the opinions of men who might have been listened to with profit. I trust the experience of the past may prove a lesson for the future, and that by this time our rulers must see and feel that in order to bring about a peace with the Mexicans they j must use hard blows instead of soft words. Yours, &c. g. w. k. Tacubaya, Sept. 10, 1847. We have accounts from Mexico, brought in by Frenchmen and other foreigners, to the ef fect that Santa Anna’s loss at El Moliuo, was more severe than anyone here had anticipated. They say that during the afternoon of the Bth, I no less than fifteen hundred wounded men came into the city, while the number of killed was over 000-. The slaughter from the batte ries of Col. Duncan and Capt. Drum must have | been terrific. Santa Anna, it is said, would have laid all the blame of the defeat upon Gen. Leon, Gut that officer, unfortunately for him | died. Ho has since torn the epaulettes from the shoulders of Col. Miguel Andrade, com mander of the celebrated regiment of Hussars, I accuses him of everything, has thrown him into prison, and denied him all communication. He must have some one to break out upon. Everything looks quiet to-day, but the Mexi cans arc busily employed in fortifying at every | point. At Chapultepec they cun be seen at work, while they are also repairing the dam age done at El Molino and other points on that | line. On the Piedad road they have strong works, while at the Nino Perdido and San An tonio Abad entrances to the city they are also fortifying with the greatest vigor. Gen. Pil low’s division, as also Col. Riley’s brigade, at tached to that of Gen. Twiggs, occupy the vil | logo of La Piedad and neighborhood, in plain sight and in fact under the guns _of the ene- I my. Gen. Worth remains here in Tacubaya, I but he is sending all his sick and wounded to | Mixcoac, out of the range of the guns at Cha pultepcc. No one knows what point will be ; first attacked, but this question will be soon determined. Tiic next blow struck, will be : hard, and all hope decisive. It must read strange, the story that some 7 or 8000 men have set themselves down before a strongly fortified city of over 200,000 inhabitants, with an army |of at least 25,000 men to defend it; but the I tale is a true ono one, and the proud capital ; of Mexico rau>t fall. Yours, Si c. g. w. k. Tacubaya, Sept. 11, 1847. A small party of us have just returned from a ride over to La Piedad. the headquarters of Gen. Pillow. Gen. Scott was there, as were also some of his principal officers, hold- I ing a council as to the best mode and point of ' atta k. The result of their deliberations is i not known, but it is thought that the infantry will have some respite after their hard labors, i and that all the heavier cannon recently cap tured from the Mexicans will be employed in sending their own balls back at them. With j their own guns, and those brought up by Gen. i Scott, at least fifty pieces of heavy calibre can I be opened at any one point—enough to de molish any work the Mexicans have construct ed in time incredibly short, and give them a ! lesson they will not soon torget. From the Puente del Hcrmita, which has j been destroyed by the Mexicans, they can be seen at work on several fortifications between the roads of San Angel and San Antonio de Abad. These works are but little more than half a mile from the city, which is also in plain view. Shortly after we left, the enemy opened with two of their heavy guns upon our pickets or engineers, and continued the fire for near an hour. I cannot learn that they did any injury. On our return to Tacubaya we found that Maj. Sumner and Col. Duncan had had a little brush with the enemy’s lan cers near the battle ground of El Molino.— Capt. Kutf, with his company of mounted Ri flemen, drew a large party of the Mexican cav alry immediately within the range of one of Duncan’s guns, when one or two discharges sent them scampering off in every direction,- Only one man was wounded on our side, but I it is known that the enemy lost several in the skirmish. They opened with one heavy gun from Chapultepec on our men, but did no harm other than frightening the inhabi tants of this place half out of their wits. Lieut. Burbank, who was mortally wound ed at El Molino, died yesterday, ami Capt. E. liirby Smith this afternoon of wounds receiv ed at the same time. Lieut. Col. Dickinson, shot badly in the ankle at Churubusco, is also dead. All were gallant officers, and their loss i is much regretted. I have already mentioned the execution of ! nineteen of the deserters captured on the 20th August, at Churubusco. Gen. Scott has just signed the death warrant of thirty others, tak | en at the same time, and they will suffer the same fate in the course of a day or two. From various movements, there is certainly strong reasons to believe that Gen. Scott will open a heavy fire upon Chapultepec to-morrow morning, from not only his own seige guns, but from those captured from the enemy.— Whether it is a feint to draw the Mexicans to that point «md weaken other defences, is not : known. Yours, o. w, k. Tacobava, Sppt. 12, 1847 | At earl T this morning a heavy can i w “ •Pfoed upon the stronghold of ) Chapultepec, which was increased durin- the I day as additional siege guns were placed in no! ! sum the Mexicans returned the fire with c groat spirit at intervals durinv the div W 1 with little effect other than dismoiTntin'v one • our-guns-I cannot learn that a man ha! 1 hecn killed at any of the batteries. Sever!? of the Voltigeurs. wlule skirmishing with the . enemy s sharp-shooters at the foot of Chanul t tepee, were wounded, but none of them se' verely. A 10i-ineh mortar was opened u-nn ; the place during the afternoon, and as several . shells have been seen to fall and explode Hi 1 rec rty within the enemy’s works, it i s certain ; that great damage has- been caused.. A firm” : of heavy guns has also, been heard in the d C • rection of La Piedad, showing that the Mcxil cans have been diverted in* that quarter. I At dusk this evening" several loads of SCJV . ■ ling ladders were sent down towards the foot i of Chapultepec; and the movement of our ir f fantry and other light corps would indicate that f the strong works upon the crest are to be • stormed early to- morrow. [ Jmt here our express slip was abruptly torn off, depriving us of the remainder of Mr.* Ken ; dalTs letters.— Eds. Chroti. £ Sent,]. AFFAIRS IN VERA CRUZ AND OX THE ROAD, Our papers and letters by the Fashion con tain much interesting and important informa tion in relation to the state oi’ the road from Yera Cruz to the capital, and to affairs in Yera Cruz. We proceed to give such items as are of immediate interest. The report that Gen. Rea was in Puebla, is fully confirmed, and the Genius of Liberty, of the 27th ult., says our troops under Col. Childs, were bombarding the city from surrounding heights. The same paper, of the 2d' inst., has the following r “ Gen. Santa Anna, never so badly discom fitted, was by the very latest accounts at Pue bla. His force, after its junction with that of Gen. Rea, amounted in infantry, and cav alry to 3000 men, and it was quartered in the convent of St. Carmen. The Americans under the command of Col- Childs, were strongly for tified in a massively built and capacious con vent of the same city, conscious of the strength of their position, and its impregnability, were awaiting the arrival of reinforcements, in the utmost security and tranquillity. At the in terval bombs were thrown into the city, which, however, we are happy to sav, did not receive much injury from their explosion previous to the date of our accounts. From the tenor of our Yera Crux correspon dent’s letters, we have no doubt that Coi. Childs would be soon reinforced by the arrivals of Gan. Lane with his brigade at Puebla. He reached Jalapa on the 30th ult., and was to leave the next day for Puebla. Maj. Lallv’s command accompanied him. Our correspon dent says, writing on the 29th ult: “Captain Biscoe’s command returned yester day from the National Bridge, whence it had been to escort ammunition for Gen. Lane’s com mand, which had already started, the- general having left orders for the ammunition train to move on and join him. From pretty good in formation received at the Bridge, Captain Biscoe was confident there was not a guerrilla at Ccrro Gordo, and that the whole command would arrive safe at Jalapa, where it would ob tain a supply of provisions. Another small train of provisions left the city last night, part of which was for Colonel Collins’s and a part for Colonel Hughes’s com mand. The fact that Capt. Biacoc’e company was not attacked cither in going to or return ing from the National Bridge, is evidence that the guerrillas have abandoned that road for the present, but I have no doubt they will return when least expected.” Our Correspondent writing from Yera Cruz on the 4th inst., says that a gentleman who arrived from Mexico a few days previous, and who went from Puebla to Mexico on the 15th September, says that he met fully 2000 Mexican soldiers (deserters) on their way to Puebla and other places south of Mexico. Capt. Fairchild’s command returnd to Yera Cruz on the 3d inst., from the Bridge, having escorted provisions to Col. Hughes's and Cql- Collius's command, On the way back they were fired into, and Lieut. Mora lies of Capt. F.’s company, was severely wounded in the left hand, which will no doubt have to be amputated. Gen. Alvarez has been appointed command ant of the State of Puebla, and is represented to be unceasing in his efforts to organize and equip another force for the purpose of cutting off Gen. Scott’s communication with Vera Crux, and of preventing any new accession of men and supplies. The following is from the Genius of Liberty of the 30th ult. “Our city looks quite brisk and lively this morning, owing to the arrival of the steamers New Orleans, Telegraph, and Ohio; our har bor, notwithstanding the violence of the wind, is literally covered with boats, running back wards and forwards, landing horses, mules, and government stores ; and the loud peal of the cannon is occasionally heard from Fort Conception, giving a hearty welcome to our gallant officers and brave soldiers. “Gen. Patterson and staff, Maj. Polk, brother of the President; Capt. Strapp, Lieuts. Lam pire. Palmer and Mitchel, 111. Yols.; Cap tain Livingston, Lieuts. Stewart, Scott, and Holmes, Florida Yols.; Lieut. Jenkins, regular army, arrived by the steamer New Orleans, from New Orleans, and Gen. Cushing and staff, by the steamer Ohio, from Brazos.” Our correspondent, writing on the 4th inst., says Gen. Patterson expected to be able to start for the interior in about a week with 2000 or more men. The U. S. schooner Flirt has been out ele ven days on a cruise in search of a suspicious vessel, supposed to be a privateer, but returned without getting a glimpse of her. The Genuis of the 29th ult., says a report was circulating in Yera Cruz that the bearer of despatches from Gen. Scott was killed at the cil y of Cordova. The United States and Brazil* Extract from a private letter. Rio Janeiro, Aug. 31, 1847. Mr. Tod (the new U. S. Minister) is raak» ing a favorable impression at the Palace, by enlightening the Dons as tathe poweijandre sources of the United States. The late diffi culty is in a satisfactory train of adjustment.— The Emperor having solemnly pledged him self to respect the independence of the Repub lic of the Uruguay, and to withdrawn from the monarchical intervention in the affairs of the Republics of the La Plata, there is no lon ger any reason to doubt the amicable adjust ment of all questions ip dispute between him and the United States. The frigate Columbia returns home in a few days with Mr. Wise and family. She will probably convey intelligence of the settlement ofall difficulties. —A. Y. Sun, PiiOSi! —Jack frost made his appearance here on Thursday morning, 14th inst., and as usual, almost annihilated the vegetable kingdom. For the first this tall, it was what may be call ed quite a heavy frost.— Dalton, Eagle l&Ai^ Sundries.— A cargo consisting, in part, of apples, ducks, chickens, turkios, Irish potatoes, and a large bear, weighing about three hun dred pounds, was shipped to Augusta, from tm* place, on Wednesday last. Who can say tbs Hail Road is not already exerting a bcnchcm . influence on our community, in thus sfforumf a market for the productions of our firms forest! — U>.