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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. JAMES GARDNER, JR. TERMS, Daily. per annum , $3 00 Tri-Weekly, per annum (» 00 U paid in advance....... 5 00 W eckly, per annum 0 00 | If paid in advance... ......2 .00 To Clubs, remitting $lO in advance, FIVE COPIES are sent. This will put our Weekly pa per in the reach of new subscribers at TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. (EFSubscriberswho will pay hj> arrearages, and send four new subscribers, with the money, can get the paper at $2 00. (LT'All new subscriptions must be paid in ad vance. [O = I* OS f a S e must be paid on all communications and letters of business. Lines- BY R B SHERIDAN. No more shall the Spring, my lost pleasures restore; Uncliecr’d I still wander alone; And sunk in dejection, forever deplore, The sweets of tbe days that arc gone. While the sun as it rises, to others shines bright, I think how it formerly shone; While others cull blossoms, I find but a blight, And sigh for the days that are gone, I stray where the dew falls, thro’ moonlighted groves; Ami Hit to the nightingale’s song; Her plaints still remind me of long banish'd joys, And the sweets of the days that are gone. Each dew drop that steals from the dark eye of night, Is a tear for the bliss that is flown; While others cull blossoms,! find but a blight, And sig h foi the days that are gone. [From the N. O. Picayune, 2 6th sisk] Prom the Rio Grande- The ship Tahmaroo, Capt. St. Clair, arrived at this port yesterday, last from the Brazos. She sailed from Vera Cruz on the 27th ult. and touching at the Brazos sailed thence on the sth iust. Capt. A C. Burgess, Mr. M. Devine and forty-live teamsters and soldiers came over on the Tahmaroo. Capt. Edward B. Bill, of the 10th Infantry, died at sea on hoard this ship on the 12th inst., and, as is reported to us. of yellow fever. Ills remains were brought to this city for interment. CapCjAill was a resident of Chicago, and his mother resides at Napicrvilie, 111. lie had been despatched by Gcu. Taylor on some spe cial duty. The steamer Ann Chase sailed from Bra zos on the stk inst. for Vera Cruz with a por tion of Col. Hays’s regiment. Col. Hays him self and the remainder of the battalion under his immediate command, were still at the Bra zos on tbe 7 th. The yellow fever has broken out in Matarao ros. The Flag of the 2d inst, says that four or five cases had terminated fatally, but is of opin ion that the disease will scarcely become epi demic at so advanced a period of the season. We also hear it said that there have been seve ral cases of fever at the Brazos. The Flag of the 2d inst. says that a letter has been received by the commandant at Matamo ros from Gen. Taylor in which he announces that he will leave Monterey for Matamoros about the Ist of November, and make the latter city his headquarters. We trust this may be merely preliminary to a visit to his family in this State. It has long been understood that the general disigned returning in November, should the position of affairs enable him to do so for a brief space. From a passenger by the Tahmaroo wo have a questionable rumor which was in circulation on the Bio Grande that Gen. Urrea was about to make a descent upon the lower Bio Grande by the way of Victoria at the head of 12,000. This number is doubtless an exaggeration, but that the whole line of the Bio Grande is very inadequately guarded we have not a doubt. Reinforcements must be sent there. A kind of civil war has broken out on the Bio Grande lictwecn the robber gangs and the ranchero«. The former plunder chiefly their own countrymen. Finding their outrages in supportable the rancheros are arming to put them down. The Flag relates that recently the robbers seized upon some goods belonging to a brother of one of the alcaldes of Matamoros. The worthy magistrate became incensed on hearing of it, and authorized the rancheros to make war upon the robbers. A company of rancheros was immediately organized under Macedonia Capestran, who went in pursuit of the robber chief Cisucro, who had been the terror of the neighborhood for some time past. Capestran fell in with Cisncro on the road, and he gave battle from a breastwork that lie made out of the packs from the mules which he had unloaded for the purpose. Nino of the robbers were killed after considerable fighting and the remainder fled to the ehapparal, closely pursued by Capestran and a party from Burgos, headed by a gentleman whose brother these same rob bers had murdered a short time previous. They were still in pursuit when the Flag’s informant left,and as the robbers fled without horses,there was every reason to believe that none will escape^ We learned yesterday on the best authority, that by the Tahmaroo a letter was received in this city from an officer at Matamoros, stating that Col. Randal, Deputy Paymaster General of the United States, who lately started with $300,000 for Gen. Taylor’s army, escorted by Col. Butler’s 3d Dragoons, (five companies,) had reached Cerralvo, at which point it was as certained that the guerrillas were in such force in front as to render a halt necessary, and Col. Butler at once sent back for reinforcements.— More troops arc wanted along the whole line of posts on the Bio Grande. In the Flag of the 2d is the following paragraph in relation to this subject: Our last accounts from Col. Butler and his battalion of the 3d Dragoons, left them two days march beyond Mier. The train which the dragoons are escorting to Monterey was halted for several days at Meir, in consequence of a report received that a largo Mexican force was preparing to attack it, and a reinforcement was ordered up from Camargo, consisting of a company of the 2d infantry, and two pieces of artillery. Thus strengthened, with Capt. Belknap in command, the train proceeded on. The large amount of specie going up under this escort will prove a tempting bait, but wc have no idea that the Mexicans will be rash enough to venture an attack on so largo a force. At a certain hour at night in Matamoros all lights are ordered to be extinguished in coffee houses, The Flag says the patrol recently found a light burning in a house of Mr. Young. The guard ordered it put out, but Mr. Young remonstrated, saying that his child was very ill and it was impossible to dispense with the use of the candle. Thereupon the officers of the guard ordered a volley to be fired through the door, which blew it from its fastings. Such brutality is severely rebuked by tbe Flag. The steamer Whiteville struck a snag recent ly fifteen miles above Comargo and sunk. It was expected she would be raised with little or no damage to her cargo, consisting of U nited States stores. The Flag mentions that a scouting party, about 100 in number, made up of the com panies of Capts. Gee and Dunlap, returned on Thursday, the 30th ult., from an expedition to Ban Fernando. They reported every thing quiet and in subordination in that quarter. The citizens were at first alarmed and ch)»©d their doors against the party, but on learning the object of their visit, extended to them the hospitalities of their village. The alcaldes were particularly complacent. The party suffered much for want of water on the route. The same paper says a sale of upwards of 200 Government horses took place there on the 29th ult. The sale was well attended and the horses bid for readily, but at low prices—not averaging more than ten dollars a head. A large majority of the horses have not been used since they were purchased for the Government, and could not have cost less than SIOO each, besides cost of transportation, forage and atten tion for several months. Some explanation of this may probably be looked for. General Orders- Headquarters, 2d Division of Begulars, ) City of Mexico, September 10, 1847. ) Orders Xo. 75. —For the recent and glorious victories in which the 2d Division so hand somely participated, the General presents his thanks to his officers and men. Although taken from under his immediate command, his eye and heart followed them through all the strife, and enabled him to wit ness with pride and pleasure the high state of discipline and soldierly bearing displayed at every point during the late brilliant opera tions. To Riley’s brigade, for sustaining its ad vanced position in front of the Garita of I,a Piedad and Ban Antonio, keeping the enemy in check for several days, and finally driving in his pickets, and for supporting the battery which silenced his guns; and also to Capt. Stcptoo, his officers and men, for the very handsome manner in which they silenced his battery at the Garita of San Antonio, and drove the enemy’s guns within the walls of the city, the General would also return his warmest thanks. To Smith’s Brigade, forehanging itself from a supporting to an attacking force, by which it captured an important battery at the base of Chapnltcpcc, and for entering the capital of the enemy in advance of all other troops, and there planting the old-fashioned stars and stripes first on the National Palace of Mexi co, is due more of commendation than the General has words to express. The General again offers his thanks to the officers of the Medical Corps, for the zeal and ability displayed in alleviating the condition of the wounded and sick. The gallant deeds of the immortal dead, fallen in their country’s cause, will ever be an incentive to the brave and good of the army. By order of Brig. Gen. Twiggs. P. W. MCDONALD, Aid-dc-Camp. Office of the Civil and Military Governor, ) National Palace, September 90, 1817. \ All persons, whether public or private indi viduals, to whom tobacco, segars, puros, or any other public property, moneys or credits have been entrusted by the Mexican Govern ment, or its agents, fur safe-keeping or for sale, are required, without delay, to present at this office written statements of the amounts and places of said deposits ; or just accounts of the disposition of the same, with proper vouchers. J. A. QUITMAN, Maj. Gen. and Governor. Office of the Civil and Military Governor, ) National Palace, September 29, 1817. ( To enable the city authorities to raise the contribution levied upon them, the following orders are made with the approbation of the G encral-in- Chief: I. The municipal authorities of the city and district will retain all their usual sources of revenue. In addition thereto, the internal customs and duties which have heretofore been collected at the Customhouse, City Gates and elsewhere, arc for the present, surrendered to the Ayuntamiciito to be collected and disposed of by them, subject to such modifications and orders as may from time to time bo received from this office, or from the General-in-Chief. 11. The management and revenues of the Postoffice arc likewise for the present yielded up to the Ayuntamiento. 111. After setting a>idc a supply of the public segars and tobacco, sufficient for two months’ consumption, to be distributed in kind to the army, the residue will bo disposed of to the municipal authorities at the rate of— per arroba, with leave to dispose of it in the man ner and at the prices heretofore usual with the Mexican Government. The price and the terms of the sale to the Ayuntamiento, to be determined on between them and the principal Quartermaster of the Army. IV. Tobacco not belonging to the Mexican Government, ami which may hereafter be brought into market, may be disposed of by the city authorities as heretofore. V. All supplies for the Army shall be intro duced free of any duty or charge whatever. VI. Semi-weekly reports of the receipts into the City Treasury, and of the expenditures will bo made to the Civil and Military Govern or. J. A. QUITMAN, Maj. Gen. U. S. A. and Civil and Military Governor. [From the Charleston JVcrw.] War between Massachusetts and South Carolina. Horkida Bella. “ Zounds, show me what thou’lt do. Woo l weep? woo’t fight? woo ; t fast? woo’t tear thyself? VVoo't drink up eisel, eat a croodile? I ll do it.” [lland'f. It is truly pitiable to see how utterly uncon scious arc the good people of South Carolina of the imminent jeopardy in which they stand. As faithful sentinels who keep watch and ward while others sleep, wc feel it a duty to give thorn timely warning, that the Boston Herald is down upon them with a war of retaliation and reprisal, in behalf of “the colored citizens of Massachusetts;” and that not only has the note of preparation been sounded within her borders, but the plan of the campaign maturely arranged and publicly announced. Bo that “forewarned, they arc forearmed.” Hear this Herald of a noisy world! “ Ascertain whether there are any, and how many, colored citizens of Massachusetts un justly detained in South Carolina, or who have been sold from the prisons of that paltry State into bondage. If there be any victims, then proceed to reprisals, since neither the laws of the Union nor the General Government af ford us any redress. Authorize the Govern ment to apply the three-fifths rule to citizens of South Carolina found within our borders; seize them at Harvard University, at the Trc mont House, wherever they can be found; three for every two citizens of Massachusetts who are detained in, or have been sold from South Carolina; and if the number be odd, take two for the last one. Empower him to shut up, and treat them precisely as our free negroes arc treated in Charleston —to confiscate South Carolina property, and to blockade South Carolina ports.’ We should soon bring the guilty oligarchy to reason. We are strong, she is weak—she is poor, wc arc rich. Wc have an able bodied population of nearly a mil lion ; she barely two hundred thousand.” All this is dreadful; but before coming to tbe ultima ratio , the last dire resort of nations, let the Herald and ourselves, after the fashion of old knight-errantry, hold a little parley to gether. The Herald mistakes in supposing that we have any design for the detention of “the colored citizens” it so much cherishes; on the contrary we only take bond for their departure from our limits and speedy return whence they came , We only take them into safe keep ing, to the end that they may the more certain ly be re-delivered were they belong. In this arc we not th© friends rather than the enemies of Massachusetts? We do not steal away or appreciate to ourselves what is the property of others, but send it back to the rightful owners. Would Massachusetts deal as fairly and honestly by us in the matter of our fugitive slaves, (which belong to us quite as much as her “colored citizens” to her) there would be no cause of quarrel between us. For the rest, the “modus operandi”—the form of reprisals suggested by the Herald “ likes us well.” We hope our citizens at “ Harvard University” and “ the Tremont House” will take the hint, and establish their quarters where they willbe safe from “seizure.” Columbia College and a Southern Hotel would set them free from all apprehensions on that score. Y ill the Herald take our word for one thing ? The “ blockade of the South Carolina ports” by Massachusetts will never come to anything more than a paper blockade.” Augusta, (Georgia. FRIDAY MORNING, OCT. 22 ARRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA* M e are indebted to our correspondent, the Charleston Evening News, for the following slip, which mentions the arrival of the Cam bria, and gives an outline of the information brought by her. It is gloomy in the extreme, and the letters by her will bo looked for with much anxiety. The quotations for cotton arc not very plain, and New-Orleans is quoted at either gor |ths —wo think the latter. Accord ing to the quotations below, if they are correct, the cotton market in Liverpool has declined | a since the sailing of the last steamer. [From our Correspondent.] EVENING NEWS-EXTRA, > Charleston, Oct 21—10£ A. M. ARRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA. [Correspondence of the Evening News ] Telegraphic Despatch BALTIMORE, Oct. 19—5 o’clock P. M. The Cambria has arrived at Boston. American Flour has declined in England 26 to 28.; Western, 25 to 265.; Richmond, 22 to 235. Corn —Prime White 30 a 355. Corn and Meal has also declined in England. Cotton —Upland 5J a 6J; Orleans 6g. Western Lard 7 Money market horrible. Failures immense. Cockerel Company failed for £OOO,OOO. Hon. Alex. Everett died in China. French steamer Missouri arrived. Ncw-York, Philadelphia and Baltimore mar kets unsettled. Insurrection in Italy. The Business of Augusta. Yesterday was quite a lively day with our merchants, and Broad-street presented the appearance of times king syne , being filled with a number of wagons, with four and six horse teams, the tingling of whose bells sounded sweet music to th« ears of all. The receipts of cotton yesterday, by wagons, was much larger than any former day this season, and we arc happy to inform our country friends, the sales were to a fair extent, and at improving prices. Our quotations, made up to Tuesday evening, were from 9A to for fair, but on Wednesday, holders had to submit to a reduc tion of \ of a cent, in order to effect sales. Yesterday there was an improved demand, from some cause or other, and prices rallied, and the sales made were fully up to the quo tations given in Wednesday’s paper, for all qualities. Since the above was in type, we have tele graphic advices from Liverpool to the 4th inst. per steamer Cambria, which are unfavor able to Cotton. What effect they will have on our market remains to be seen. Augusta Theatre- It will bo seen by advertisement, that Mr. Forbes, the deservedly popular manager, pro poses opening the Augusta Theatre on Mon day Evening, the Ist November. From a let ter received from him, we learn he would leave New York on the 20th inst., having en gaged one of the best stock companies that has visited the South for some years. Wc ob serve among the last some of our old favo rites, such as Fuller and his Lady, Mrs. Forbes, Miss Clara Ellis, Madame Araline, and Miss Smith; Messrs. Crisp and Wolfe. As Madame Bishop, and the operatic troupe arc expected to visit Charleston this season, and numerous stars in the theatrical line, should Mr, Forbes meet with patronage at the hands of our citizens, ho will not fail to in duce them to pay Augusta a visit. We'wish him a warm reception and a good season. From Vera Cruz- By a letter received in this city from Capt. Campbell, of Company G, 13 th Infantry, -which left this city in April last for Mexico, we learn that ho and his company had arrived safely at Vera Cruz from the Brazos. In the letter before us, Capt. Campbell, says : “Being somewhat troubled with many let ters relative to my men, I would be glad if you would have published in both of the city papers, the following list of names of mem bers of my Company, who died at Micr, Mex ico. The health of the Company is general ly go od at present. Corporal IT. M. Torbett. Privates —Chas. 11. Garrard, Francis M. Pitts, John Mallon, Everett, H. Harper, Nathan T. Quick, Burton L. Baggett, Nathan Fowler, Enoch B. Dun can, Thos. J. Bugg.” The Prosecution of the War. A correspondent of the New-Orleans Delta, writing in Yera Cruz under date of 3d inst. after noticing the arrival of several steamers and schooners at that port, says—“ By the ar rivals alluded to, upwards of two thousand men have been transferred from Brazos and Tampico, hither, in the short space of four or Jive days, besides horses, mules and other ap purtenances belonging to the getting up of supplies for ‘ carrying on the war,' ” Pennsylvania- We have returns from forty-six counties, in which the vote stands, majorities for Shunk 28,651, and Irvin (Whig) 14,593—-majority this far for Shunk 14,112. There are thirteen coun ties more to hear from, which will increase Shurik's majority. Ohio The returns from this State,as far as received, indicate that the Whigs will have a majority in both branches of the Legislature. Telegraph to Montreal- The Ncav \ork Journal of Commerce of the 18th inst., says —Telegraphic communications passed through the whole circuit between this and Montreal, 1021 miles, on Saturday evening. A meeting of the citizens of Atlanta was held on the 11th inst., to make suitable .arrange ments for accommodation of the Internal Improvement Convention to be held in that place on the 23d of November next. The fol lowing gentlemen were appointed a Committee of Invitation, viz : Colonel C. F. M. Garnet, H. C. Holcombe, Col. C. R. Hanlciter, Dr. N. L. Angier, AY. 11. Thurmond, Esq, A. AV. AVheat, Reuben Cone, Esq. and AVm. Herring. The eomittec of arrangements consist of the following gentlemen : J. Xorcross, Dr. Bomar, AV. 11, Royal, Dr. G. G. Smith, A. AY. Wheat, Maj.AY. Ruell, A. B. Forsyth, L. C. Simpson, Esq. R. AV. Bullard, A. Johnson, T. Doonan, A. O. Scuife and Captain James Lloyd. The Magnetic Telegraph- The Montgomery Flag of 14th inst., says— “AVe are happy to announce to the stockhold ers and all concerned, that the line is in active progress between this place and Columbus, Goo. and that some forty-five or fifty miles arc already completed. Air. Hugh Forrior, the contractor, is rapidly progressing with his contract towards this city, and has put up first rate posts—such as light wood, post oak and chestnut—the most durable wood south. Air. S. P. Crews, the superiutendant of the work, is much pleased with the line as far as Air, Farrior’s contract extends, and thinks by the first of November it will be complete to our city.” Rail Roads in England and Scotland- The New York Commercial Advertiser, states that a beautifully executed map of the English and Scotch railways has been publish ed, from which it appears that, at the present time, there are — Finished and in operation, 3,605 miles In progress of construction, 6,465 do Incorporated in 1847—48, 5,618 do Total, 11,578 do Area of England and Wale*, 57,800 sq. miles Area of Scotland, 26,014 do Total, 83,814 do [communicated.] The Wilkes County Rail Road. Alr. Editor —The events subsequent to the defeat of our first enterprise are so familiar to the public, that a very succint account of them will be sufficient, AVe proposed, by air informal correspondence with the Pre sident of the Central Rail Road, to unite with that road at Tennille depot. The corres pondence soon made it evident that we would have less than a moiety of the funds to raise; that the Central Rail Road would grant most favorable terms of junction, offering the best guaranty in her power, by engaging to take .‘#5100,000 of the stock; and that the road would pass through a country, whose level surface and abundance of timber promised economy in its construction, while the large amount of produce within a convenient dis tance from the road, augured favorably for its business. The direct advantages would, it could easily bo seen, be superior to those of a road to Gumming, as paying probably a full per cent on the stock, and offering the choice of markets. The collateral advantages would be no less superior, as giving us a connection with a second road, which might bring a large share of summer travel to our healthy section of country; as enlarging the sphere of trade, by introducing another market; and as giving the benefits in general derived from being the terminus of a longer and more important road. But without entering into the details of a comparison, it need only be stated that the en terprise has been entered on with such spirit as to leave no doubt among its friends of its final accomplishment; and among its oppo nents nouc except by failure to obtain a char ter. To the practicability of obtaining and de fending the charter, we confine ourselves in the present article. The two points must be made out by nearly the same line of argu ment. It may bo safely assumed that the Le gislature will grant the charter, if it has the right. It has been the avowed policy of the government to favor the construction of rail roads. So thouroughly convinced has it been of their great public utility., that at a heavy expense it has built a roao with the public funds. This is not the place for arguing the policy or constitutionality of that measure. It certainly establishes the fact, that the State holds such works in high favor, deeming them eminently conducive to the public welfare- Whatever the strength of sectional opposition may be, we may well hope that it cannot be successful without proving itself to be well grounded in law, or, at least, in equity. AV e wiil make no attempt to count advocates or op ponents, trusting that there will be a sufficient number of disinterested members to decide upon the merits —on which we arp perfectly willing to rest. The Legislature has granted the Georgia Rail Road certain exclusive privileges. Un less these bar the State from granting our char ter, there is nothing in the way. It is on the extent of these exclusive privileges that we join issue. They arc defined in the 2d section of the original charter, and again referred to in the 16th section of the amendment. The mere wording of the 2d section refutes the supposition that it interferes with the right of chartering our road. It runs thus — “The company shall have the exclusive privi lege of constructing rail roads from any point in this State within twenty miles of the road heroin designated as the Union Road and its branches, leading to Eatonton, Athens and Aladison, continuously to the city of Augusta, for and during the term of thirty-six years.” The meaning would be more clearly expres | sed by inserting parentheses to enclose the words “leading to Eatonton, Athens and Madi son,” These words are merely explanatory of the foregoing words, “its branches.” A paraphrase such as follows, may relieve the sentence from the effect of a construction somewhat complicated. “The company shall have the exclusive privilege of constructing rail roads from any point within certain limits, continuously to the city of Augusta.” From what points! and, to what point! does the restriction extend? The answer to the first would give any number of termini within cer tain limits, and the answer to the second ques tion would give a single terminus. Between any of those found in answer to the first ques tion, and this latter terminus, no road could be built coniinuomly without a violation of the charter. AVe apprehend, then, the mean ing of the section to be simply this : The com pany shall have the exclusive privilege of con structing rail roads which shall terminate at one end in Augusta, and at the other within twenty miles of the Georgia 11. lioad, or any of the specified branches. This section, although certainly very awk ward rhetorically, evinces some care in point of legal accuracy. Fur instance, the words “in this State” are a necessary restriction, as without them, the charter would grant an ex clusive privilege in South Carolina. The words “leading to Eatonton, Athens and Madi sou,” are necessary to restrict the words “its branches,” else branches subsequently built would otherwise have bad the exclusive privi leges attached to them also. The above seems to be a perfectly fair expo sition of the sentence. It gives it a definite and consistent meaning, and shows that it was written with a degree of care which expressed the meaning with just those limitations de signed. Is there any other construction which the words can bear? AVo have examined them carefully, and can find no other. But un doubted!}' a much broader meaning has been often given them, than that wdiich w'e have pointed out above. Suppose, by an alteration of a single word, the latter clause of the sen tence should read, “the Union Hoad, and its branches, leading from Eatonton, Athens and Madison, continuously to the city of Augus ta.” This would make the whole clause seem intended to describe what that road w'as, for twenty miles on each side of which the ex clusive privilege was granted. This is the opinion which, from a loose reading of the sentence, has gained ground, and on which many opponents of the AVilkcs Hoad may base their expectations of defeating our charter. They understand it, that the company has the exclusive privilege of building rail roads wifh in tw r onty miles of a certain road—which road is described as the one “leading from (or rath er, whose branches lead from) Eatonton, Athens and Madison, continuously to Au gusta,” There is little more doubt that the above in terpretation has been given to the w'ords of the charter, than there is that such an interpreta tion is incorrect. On the supposition that the word to, in the charter was changed into from, the sentence would be converted into non sense. The beginning of the sentence gives the right “ from any point” within certain lim its. The question arises, to what point or points ? The proposition to occurs twice in the sentence. In the first place it follows the word “leading” —and refers to the branches j which lead from the Union Hoad to Eatonton, i Athens and Madison. The second word to, is I the correlative of the word from, and shows i that the roads from the points as defined, run to Augusta. , This is the true meaning. But the erroneous interpretation which has been referred to, virtually changing the first word to into from, makes the second to the cor relative of the second from. The first word from is therefore left w ithout a correlative, expressed or implied. This view would have been by no means worth confuting if it had not been that on which many supposed the exclusive privilege to rest. There are other inconsistencies in it which need not be pointed out. Our readers will recollect that the error in so long a sen tence is much more easily made than correct ed, and will pardon us for the stress laid on particles—on which it Is evident the sense de pends. AVe wish it then to be distinctly held in view that the error above mentioned is one into which many a careless reader has fallen—and yet that it is very clearly an error —that the sentence is not ambiguous; that though a lit tle complicated, it can bear but one meaning. These points have each an important bearing on the subsequent argument. AVe must again put ourselves upon the in dulgence of our readers for devoting so long a space to this section of the charter. Those who on the first reading gain the correct idea, can hardly estimate the difficulty of disabus ing a mind which has once received a false im pression of the meaning. It has been asked by persons who like to re fine with some nicety on the limits of the lit eral grant of privilege*—whether a road run ning from some point more than twenty miles from the Georgia Hoad continuously to the city of Augusta, would violate the letter ot the charter. The answer is undoubtedly in the affirmative. Such a road must of course come within twenty miles of the Georgia Hoad be fore reaching the city. From the first point at which it comes within twenty miles, it would be strictly within the restriction of the charter, being a road from this point within, the allow ed limits, continuously to the city. It might be further remarked that the Com pany would haver the privilege of building roads which for a part of their course would not fall within twenty yiiles of the Georgia 1-ail Hoad, or its branches. For example, a road from some point nearly twenty miles above Athens, to Augusta, would be strictly within privilege granted to the Company ; al though part of its course would be icithout the twenty miles limit. This serves to show that the legislature did not cut out a solid slice of the State forty miles vide, with branches of the same width, and commit its prosperity to the keeping and discretion of the - Georgia Hail Hoad Company. The twenty * mil cs limit is merely the limit of that section of country from which they can build roads to ; Augusta. Such roads, provided they begin 1 within twenty miles of the road or its branches and terminate in Augusta, need not be con ■ fined to the twenty miles limit throughout their course. And other roads which do not terminate in Augusta, although they com mence within the forty miles, claimed by the Georgia Kail Hoad Company, arc not prohi bited by the charter. AVe trust that the above section has been discussed so as clearly to evolve its meaning, and prove that it by no interpretation can con flict with our right to a char ter. The limits of a newspaper article compel us to defer the discussion of the section in the amendment to another time. MODERATION. AVashixgtox, Sept. 20, 1847. Disinterestedness of Gen Taylor- The following extract from a letter of Col. Jefferson Davis, in reply to an invi tation to attend a barbacuo in the parish of Concordia, La., in honor of Gen. Taylor, shows why the advance on San I nils Potosi was not made, and places in a proper light the recommendation, on the part of Gen. Taylor, that a part of his force should be. despatched to reinforce Gen. Scott: Brierfield, Aliss., Sept. 24, 1847. ******* Valuable and brilliant as have been the pub lic services of Gen. Taylor, attracting the ad miration and gratitude of bis countrymen throughout our broad Union, those who have known him best will equally remember and honor him for the purity, the generosity, and unostentatious magnanimity of his private character. His colossal greatness is presented In the garb of the strictest republican simpli , city; and to this no doubt, in a great degree, may be referred the feeling you describe when you say, “we are learning to regard him with a filial affection.” L To speak of Gen. Taylor as one who has i known him long and well, I will say, that his life has been devoted to the service of his country for no other reward than the con sciousness of serving it well —and that for 1 many years past, the goal of his desire has I been a private station, as soon as his official obligations would permit, to retire to the en joyment of the sovereignty of a citizen of the t United States. i Before closing, I will recur to a recent and characteristic exhibition of his disinterested pa , triotism. He was called on, by the Adminis tration, for his opinion as to the host mode of : prosecuting the war with Mexioo. In view of 1 the embarrassments which surrounded Gen. ! Scott, and the importance of the operations in which he was engage*!,Gen. Taylorrecommed ; edthat a portion of his command be sent to re inforce the southern column. For the good of his country, he sacrificed his long deferred hope of an advance at the moment of its ful filment, and doomed himself to the worst punishment of a soldier —inactivity on a line of defences. For the good of his country, all personal ambition, all rivalry, were forgotten —-he gave his vest also to the man who had taken his coat, and left him exposed to the storms of Buena A'ista. Permit me to offer you for the occasion : Gen. Taylor. —The soldier who “never sur renders;” the citizen whose lovo is “for tho country, the whole countrythe man whose sacrifices arc all of himself. Very respectfully, vours, JEFFERSON DAATS. The Launch finite a largo number of spectators assem bled at Gadsden’s wharf, yesterday afternoon | to witness the Launch announced, in our last. Everything being ready, at half-past 3 o’clock the after block was knocked away, and tho beautiful vessel loosened from her earthly tics, gracefully glided into the water, amid the bearty’cheers of the gratified spectators. She is named the “ Harriet and Martha,” and is commanded by Capt, Leslie. — Char. Mercury, 21s£ inct. Maine Representaotie Election. —The fifth trial to elect a representative in Augusta last Mon day, resulted in the election of Hon. Ilcuel AVilliams. The vote stood as follows: Hon. It, AViliiams (dem.) 4-38; J. W. North, esq. (whig) 120; scattering 47. The town was represent ed last year by Severance, ted. This election was influenced by the railroad question, un doubtedly. There was no choice of representatives in tho district of Ilodgdon and Linneus in Aroostook country, on the second — Portland Argus, trial Oct, 14*. Special Notices. QjT MU. L. LA TASTE will deliver a Lec ture This Evening, at his Lecture Room, corner of Green and Jackson-slreets, on the SCIENCE OF ASTONOMV, with beautiful illustrations with a new and splendid Magic Lantern. Tickets, 50 cents; one Gentleman and two La dies, $1; Children from other schools, half price. Oct. 22 1— AUGUSTA FIRE COMPANY. There will be a general meeting of the Compa ny in Greene-street, in front of the Methodist Church, on Saturday, the 30th inst., sit 3 o’clock P M., for practice and inspection. By order of the Chief Engineer, F. LAMBACK. Wm. Phillips, Sec’y A- f. c. Oct. 19 TAXES ! LAST AND FINAL NOTICE! Unless your TAXES are paid previous to the Ist November next, I shall issue Executions against all defaulters. Office on Eilisrstreet, at mv Stables. Ji. A- WATKINS. N. B.—Always present except from hours U to 2. Oct. 20 ITT DR. J. A. S. MILLIGAN, will at* tend to the practice of Medicine and Surgery, iu Augusta and its vicinity. Office in Metcalfs Range, up stairs. Entrance one door below Mr. J, Marshall’s Drug Store. June 13 6m 215 FUNERAL NOTICE. The Friends and Acquaintance of Mr. and Mrs A. G. Bull and Mr. and Mrs. Geo. W- Morgan, are invited to attend Ihe FUNERAL of Mrs. BULL, THIS AFTERNOON, at 3 o’clock, resir dence of Geo. W. Morgam^^^^^OcLj'^^ DEATHS. In Griffin, Ga., on Saturday, 16th inst., Mr. : Dawson Milburn, a member of the t annin . Avengers,” who marched under Captain Sargent to Mexico. Mr. Milburn came home in ill-hcalt, from which he never recovered, and died as ano New Orleans, on the 16th inst., £ ’ Jewell, printer, and one of the IncantacJ° n soners. a native of Pittsburg- Pa.