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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. | ~J AM ES GARDNER, JR. TEEMS, Daily. per annum 00 lVi-Weekly, per annum 6 00 If paid in advance...* 5 00 Weekly, per annum;.... 00 If paid in advance..* 20 0 • To Clubs, remitting $lO IN advasc4, PIN E COPIES are sent. This will put our \V eekly pa . i per in the reach of new subscribers at TWO DOLLARS A NEAR. O’SubscVibers who will pay up arrearages, and ‘ •end four new subscribers, with the money, can get the paper' at $2 00. new subscriptions must be paid in ad vance. QrjrPosfag 6 must be paid on all communications arid Jotters of business. BATTLES OF MBXICO-CAPTURE OF THE CITY- Report of Major General Scott* No. 34. Headquarters of the Army, ) National Palace of Mexico, Sept. 18, 1817. 5 Sir :—At the end of another series of ardu ous and brilliant operations, of more than for- j ty-eight hours continuance, this glorious ar- | my hoisted, on the morning of the 11th, the ! colors of ; the United States 011 the walls of this I palace. The victory oflthc 8 th, at the Molinos del Rey, was followed by daring roconnoissanccs ; on the part of our distinguished engineers— i Capt. Lee, Lieuts. Beaurcguard, Stevens, and Tow’er —-Major Smith, senior, being sick, and Capt. Mason, third in rank, wounded. Their operations were directed principally to the south—towards the gates of the Piedad, San , Angel, (Nino Perdido,) San Antonio, and the | Pasco de la Yiga. This city stands on a slight swell of ground, near the centre of an irregular basin, and is girdled with a ditch in its greater extent —a navigable canal of great breadth and depth— very difficult to bridge in the presence of an enemy, and serving at once for drainage, cus tom-house purposes, and military defence; leaving eight entrances or gates, over arches — each of which we found defended by a system Os strong works, that seemed to require noth ing but some men and guns to be impregnable. Outside and within the cross-fires of those gktes, we found to the south other obstacles btxt little less formidable. All the approaches hear the city are over elevated causeways, cut in many places (to oppose us) and Hanked, on both sides, by ditches, also of unusual dimen sions. The numerous cross-roads are flanked, in like manner, having bridges at the inter sections. recently broken. The meadows thus checkered, are, moreover, in many spots, un der water or marshy ; for, it will be remem bered, we were in the midst of the wet season, though with less rain than usual, and we could not wait for the fall of the neighboring lakes and the ■ consequent drainage of the wet grounds at the edge of the city—the lowest in the whole basin. After a close personal survey of the south- C n gates, covered by Pillow’s division and Ri ley’s brigade of Twiggs’ —with four times our numbers concentrated in our immediate front —'l determined, on the 11th, to avoid that net work of obstacles, and to seek, by a sudden inversion, to the southwest and west, less un favorable approaches. To economise the lives of our gallant offi cers and men, as well as to insure success, it became indispensable that this resolution should be long masked from the enemy; and again, that the new movement, when discov ered, should be mistaken for a feint, and the old as indicating our true and ultimate point of attack. Accordingly, on the spot, the 11th, I order ed Quitman’s division from Coyoacan, to join Pillow, by daylight , before the southern gates, and then that the two major generals, with their divisions, should, by night , proceed (two miles) to join me at Tacubaya, Avhere I was quartered with AVorth’s division. Twiggs, with Riley’s brigade, and Captains Taylor’s and Steptoe’s field batteries —the latter of 12- pounders—vvas left in front of those gates, to manoeuvre, to threaten, or to make false at tacks, in order to occupy and deceive the ene my. Twiggs’s other brigade (Smith’s) was left at supporting distance, in the rear, at San Angel, till the morning of the" 13th, and also to support our general depot at Miscoac. The stratagem against the south was admirably ex ecuted throughout the 12th and down to the afternoon of the 13th, when it was too late for the enemy to recover from the effects of his delusion. The first step in the new movement was to carry CVapultepec, a natural and isolated mound, of great'elevation, strongly fortified at its* base, on its acclivities and heights. Be sides a numerous garrison, here was the mili tary college of the republic, with a large num ber of sub-lieutenants and other students. Those works were within direct gun shot of the village of Tacubaya, and, until carried, we could not approach the city on. the west, without making a circuit too wide and too ha zardous. In the course of the same night (that of the 11th) heavy batteries within easy ranges were established. No. 1, on our right, under the command of Capt. Drum, 4th artillert’, (re lieved late next day, for some hours, by Lieut. Andrews of the 3a,) and No. 2, commanded by Lieut. Haguer, ordnance—both supported by Quitman’s division. Nos. 3 and 4, on the opposite side, supported by Pillow’s division, were commanded, the former by Capt. Brooks and Lieut. S. S. Anderson, 2d artillery, alter nately, and the latter by Lieut. Stone, ord nance. The batteries wore traced by Captain Huger and Capt. Lee, engineer, and construct ed by them, with the able assistance of the young officers of those corps and the artillery. To prepare for an assault, it was foreseen that the play of the batteries might run into the second day ; but recent captures had not only trebled our siege pieces, but also our am munition ; and we knew that we should great ly augment both, by carrying the place. I was, therefore, in no haste in ordering an as sault before the works M ere well crippled by our missiles. The bombardment and cannonade, under the direction of Capt. Huger, were commenced early in the morning of the Pith. Before nightfall, which necessarily stopped our batte ries, we had perceived that a good impression hadbeen made on the castle and its outworks, and that a large body of the enemy had re mained outside, towards the city, from an ear ly hour, to avoid our fire, and to be on hand on its cessation, in order to reinforce the gar rison against an assault. The same outside force was .discovered the next morning, after our batteries had re - ipencd upon the castle, by which we again reduced its garrison to the minimum needed for the guns. Pillow and Quitman had been in position since early in the night of the 11th. Major General Worth was now ordered to hold his division, m reserve, near the foundry, to sup port Pillow; and Brigadier General Smith, of Twiggs’ division, had just arrived with his brigade from Piedad, (2 miles,) to support Quitman. Twiggs’ guns, before the southern gates, again reminded us, as the day before, that he, with Riley’s brigade and Taylor’s and Steptoe’s batteries, was in activity, threaten vn£ the southern gate*,, and there holding n great pq»it of tho iUs.ic.in aimy on iht> uefeiir fcve. AVorth’s division furnished Pillow’s attack with an assaulting party of some 250 volun teer officers and men, under Captain McKen zie, of the 2d artillery ; and Twiggs’ division supplied a similar one, commanded by Capt. ' Casey, 2d infantry, to Quitman. Each of those little columns was furnished with sca ling ladders. The signal I had appointed for the attack j was the momentary cessation of fire on the ■ part of our heavy batteries. About 8 o’clock in the morning of the 13th, judging that the time had arrived, by the effect of the missiles I we had thrown, I sent an aid-de-camp to Pil low, and another to Quitman, 'with notice | that the concerted signal was about to be giv -1 en. Both columns now advanced with an i alacrity that g’ave assurance of prompt suc j cess. The batteries, seizing opportunities, 1 threw shots and shells upon the enemy over the heads of our men, with good effect, par ticularly at every attempt to reinforce the j works from without to meet our assault. Major General Pillow’s approach, on the west side, lay through an open grove, filled with sharp shooters, who were speedily dis loged; when, being up with the front of the attack, and emerging into open space, at the foot of a rocky acclivity, that gallant leader was struck down by an agonizing w’ound.— The immediate command devolved on Briga j dier General Cadwalader, in of the | senior brigadier (Pierce) of the same division ; —an invalid since the events of August 19. , On a previous call of Pillow, AVorth had just ! sent him a reinforcement —Col. Clark’s bri i gade. ; The broken acclivity was still to be ascened j ed,and a strong redoubt, midway, to be carried, before reaching; the castle on the heights. The advance of our brave men, led by brave of ficers, though necessarily slow, was unwaver ing, over rocks, chasms, and mines, and under 1 the hottest tire of cannon and musketry. — j The redoubt now yielded to resistless valor, and the shouts that followed announced to the ; castle the fate that impended. The enemy \ w r erc steadily driven from shelter to shelter, i The retreat allowed not time to fire a single mine, without the certainty of blowing up friend and foe. Those who at a distance at tempted to apply matches to the long trains, were shot down by our men. There was death below', as well as above ground. At length the ditch and wall of the main w'ork were reached; the scaling-ladders were brought up and planted by the storming parties; some of the daring spirits first in the assault were cast down—killed or wounded; but a lodg ment was soon made; streams of heroes fol lowed; all opposition was overcome, and sev eral of our regimental colors flung out from the upper walls, amidst long-continued shouts and cheers, w’hich sent dismay into the capi tal. No scene could have been more anima ting or glorious. Major General Quitman, nobly supported by Brigadier Generals Shields and Smith [P. F.,] his other officers and men, was up with the part assigned him. Simultaneously with the movement on the w r est, lie had gallantly approached the southeast of the same works over a cause-way with cuts and batteries, and defended by an array strongly posted outside, to the east of the works. Those formidable obstacles Quitman had to face, with but little shelter for his troops or space for manoeuvring. Deep ditches, flanking the causeway, made it difficult to cross on cither side into the adjoin ing meadows, and these again were intersect ed by other ditches. Smith and his brigade had been early thrown out to make a sw’eep to the right, in order to present a front against the enemy’s line, (outside,) and to turn two intervening batteries, near the foot of Cha pultepec. This movement was also intended to support Quitman’s storming parties, both on the causeway. The first of these, furnish ed by Twiggs division, was commanded in succession by Capt. Casey, 2d infantry, and Capt. Paul, 7th infantry, after Casey had been severely wounded; and the second, originally under the gallant Major Twiggs, marine corps, killed, and then Capt. Miller, 2d Pennsylva nia volunteers. The storming party, now commanded by Capt. Paul, seconded by Cap tain Roberts of the rifles, Lieut. Stewart, and : others of the same regiment, Smith's brigade, carried the two batteries in the road, took some guns, with many prisoners, and drove the enemy posted behind in support. The New York and South Carolina volunteers (Shields’ brigade) and 2d Pennsylvania vol unteers, all on the left of Quitman’s line, to gether with portions of his storming parties, crossed the meadows in front, under a heavy fire, and entered the outer enclosure of Cha pultepec just in time to join in the final as sault from the W’est. Besides Majors Generals Pillow’ and Quit man, Brigadier Generals Shields, Smith, and Cadwalader, the following are the officers and corps most distinguished in those brilliant op erations : The voltigeur regiment, in two de tachments, commanded, respectively, by Colo nel Andrew’s and Lieut. Col. Johnstone—the latter mostly in the lead, accompanied by Ma jor Caldw’ell, Captains Barnard and Biddle, of the same regiment— the former the first to plant a regimental color, and the latter among the first in the assault; —the storming party of AVorth’s division, under Captain AlcKenziej 2d artillery, with Lieut. Seldon, Bth infantry, early on the ladder and badly w'ounded; Lt. j Armistead, Gth infantry, the first to leap into : the ditch to plant a ladder; Lieut. Rodgers of the 4th, and J. P. Smith of the sth infantry i —both mortally w’ounded; —the 9th infantry, under Col. Ransom, who was killed while gallantly leading that gallant regiment; the loth infantry under Lieut. Col. Howard and Alajor AVoods, with Captain Chase, whose | company gallantly carried the redoubt, mid way up the acclivity;—Col. Clarke’s brigade j (AVorth’s division) consisting of the sth, Bth, and part of the Gth regiments of infantry, commanded, respectively, by Capt. Chapman, i Alajor Alontgomery, and Lieut. Edward John son —the latter specially noticed, with Lieuts. Lougstreet (badly w ounded —advancing—col- ors in hand) Pickett, and Alerchant—the last three of the Bth infantry;—portions of the United States marines, New York, South Ca rolina, and 2d Pennsylvania volunteers, which, delayed with their division (Quitman’s) by , the hot engagement below, arrived just in time to participate in the assault of the heights j —particularly a detachment, under Lieuten ant Reid, New York volunteers, consisting of a company of the same, with one of marines; j and another detachment, a portion of the storming party (Twiggs’ division, serving with \ Quitman) under Lieut. Steele, 2d infantry— after the full of Lieut. Gantt, 7th infantry. In this connexion, it is but just to recall the decisive effect of the heavy batteries, Nos. 1, j 2,3, and 4, commanded by those excellent of ficers—Captain Drum, 4th artillery, assisted by Lieuts. Benjamin and Porter of his own j company; Captain Brooks and Lieut. Ander : son, 2d artillery, assisted by Lieut. Russell, 4th infantry, a volunteer; Lieuts. Ilagner and I Stone, of the ordnance, and Lieut. Andrews, 3d artillery—the whole superintended by Cap tain Huger, chief of ordnance with this army —an officer distinguished by every kind of merit. The mountain howitzer battery, under j Lieut. Reno, of the ordnance, deserves, also, to be particularly mentioned. Attached to the voltigenrs, it followed the movements of that regiment; and again won applause. In adding to the list of individuals of con spicuous merit, I must limit myself to a few of the many names w hich might be enumerated; Captain Hooker, , assistant adjutant gene ral, who won special applause, successively, in the staff of Pillow and Cudwallader; Limit. Lovell 4th artillery, (wounded,) chief of Quit man's staff; Gapt. Page, assistant adjutant general, (wounded,) and Lieut. Hammond, 3d artillery, both of Shields’ staff, and Lieut. Van Dorn, (7th infantry,) aid-de-camp to Bri gadier Gen. Smith. Those operations all occuired on the west, southeast and heights of Chapultepec. To, the north, and at the base of the mound, in accessible on that side, the 11th infantry, un der Lieut. Col. Hebert, the 14th, under Gol. Trousdale, and Capt. Magruder’s field battery, Ist artillery —one section advanced under Lt. Jackson —all of Pillow’s division—had, at the same time, some spirited affairs against supe rior numbers, driving the enemy from a bat tery in the road, and capturing a gun. In these, the officers and corps named, gained f merited praise. Col. Trousdale, the commaii- I der, though twice wounded, continued on duty until the heights were carried. Early in the morning of the 13th, I repeated | the orders of the night before to Major Gene- . ral Worth, to be, with his division at hand, to support the movement of Major General Pil low from our left. The latter seems to have called for that entire division, standing, mo mentarily in reserve, and Worth sent him Col. Clarke’s brigade. The call, if not unne cessary, was at least, from the circumstances, unknown to me at the time; for, soon observ ing that the very large body of the enemy, in the road in front of Major General Quitman’s right, was receiving reinforcements from the city—less than a mile and a half to the cast — I sent instructions to Worth, on our opposite ffank, to turn Chapultepec with his division, and to proceed, cautiously, by the road at its northern base, in order, if not met by very su perior numbers, to threaten or to attack,in rear, that body of the enemy. The movement, it was also believed, could not fail to distract and to intimidate the enemy generally. Worth promptly advanced with his remain ing brigade. Col. Garland’s —Lieut. Col. C. F. Smith’s light battalion, Lieut. Col. Dun can’s field battery —all of his division —and three squadrons of dragoons, under Major Sumner, which I had just ordered up to join in the movement. Having turned the forest on the west, and arriving opposite to the north centre of Cha pultepec, Worth came up with the troops in the road, under Col. Trousdale, and aided by a flank movement of a part of Garland’s brig ade in taking the one-gnu breastwork, then under the fire of Lieut. Jackson’s second of Captain Magruder’s field battery. Continu ing to advance, this division passed Chapul tepec, attacking the right of the enemy’s line, resting on that road, about the moment of the general retreat consequent upon the capture of the formidable castle and its out works. Arriving some minutes later, and mounting to the top of the castle, the whole field, to the east, lay plainly under my view. There are two routes from Chapultepec to the capital the one the right entering the same gate, Belen,with the road from the south, via Piedad; and the other obliquing to the left, to intersect the great western, or San Cosme road, in a suburb outside of the gate of San Cosine. Each of these routes (an elevated causeway) presents a double roadway on the sides of an adueduct of strong masonry, and great height, resting on open arches and massive pillars, which, together, afford fine points both for at tack and defence. The sideways of both aque ducts are, moreover, defended by many strong breastworks at the gates, and before reaching them. As we had expected, we found the four tracks unusually dry and solid for the season. Worth and Quitman were prompt in pursu ing the retreating enemy—the former b y the Sun Cosme aqueduct, and the latter along that of Belen. Each had now advanced some hundred yards. Deeming it all-important to profit by our success, and the consequent dismay of the enemy’s which could not be otherwise than general, I hastened to despatch, from Chapul tepec —first Clarks’s brigade, and then Cad wallader's. to the support of Worth, and gave orders that the necessary heavy guns should follow. Pierce’s brigade was, at the same time, sent to Quitman, and, in the course of the afternoon, I caused some additional seige pieces to be added to this train. Then, after designating the 15th infantry, under, Lieut. Col. Howard-Morgan,the colonel,had been dis abled wound at Churubusco—as the gar rison of Chapultepec, and giving directions for the care of the prisoners of war, the cap tured ordnance and ordnance stores,! proceeded to join the advance of Worth, within the sub urb, and beyond the turn at the junction of the aqueduct with the great highway from the west to the gate of San Cosme. At the junction of roads, we first passed one of those formidable systems of the city defen ces, spoken of above, and it had not a gun!—a strong proof —I, That the enemy had ex pected us to fail in the attack upon Chapul tepec, even if we meant anything more than a feint; 2, That, in either case, we designed, in his belief, to return and double our forces against the southern gates a delusion kept up by the active demonstration of Twiggs : and the forced posted on that side; and 3, That advancing rapidly from the reduction of Cha pultepec, the enemy had not time to shift guns —our previous captures had left him, com paratively, but few —from the southern gates. Within those disgaruished -works, I found our troops engaged in a street fight against the enemy posted in gardens, at windows and on house-tops—all flat, with parapets. Worth ordered forward the mountain howitzers of Cadwalader’s brigade, preceded by skirmish ers and pioneers, with pick-axes and crow bars, to force the windows and doors, or to burrow through walls. The assailants were soon on an equality of position fatal to the enemy. By 8 o’clock in the evening, Worth had carried two batteries in the suburb. — According to my instructions, he here posted guards and sentinels, and placed his troops under shelter for the night. There was but one more obstacle —the San Cosme gate (custom-house) between him and the great square in front of the cathedral and palace— the heart of the city; and that barrier, it was known, could not, by daylight, resist our siege guns thirty minutes. I had gone back to the foot of Chapultepec, the point from which the two aqueducts begin ' to diverge, some hours earlier, in order to be near that new depot, and in easy communica tion with Quitman and Twiggs as well as with Worth. From this point I ordered all detachments and stragglers to their respective corps, then in advance; sent to Quitman additional seige guns, ammunition, entrenching tools; directed Twiggs’ remaining brigade (Riley’s) from Pie dad, to support Worth, and Captain Steptoe’s field battery, also at Piedad,to rejoin Quitman's division. I had been, from the first, well aware that the western, or San Cosme, was the less dif ficult route to the centre and conquest of capi tal; and therefore, intended that Quitman should only manoeuvre and threaten the Be : len or southwestern gate, in order to favor the main attack by Worth —knowing that the strong defences at the Belen were directly un i der the guns of the much-stronger fortress, : called the citadel , just within. Both of these defences of the enemy were also within easy supporting distance from the San Angel (or • Nino Per dido) and San Antonio gates. Hence the greater support, numbers, given to Worth V movement as the niain attack. ’ Those views I repeatedly. In the course of the day, centraunictfted to Major Gen. Quitman; but, being in hot pursuit—gallant himself and ! ably supported by Brig. General Shields and Smith—Shields badly wounded before Cha pultepec, and refusing to retire—as well as by I all the officers and men of the column-r-Quit man continued to press forward, under flunk and direct fires; —carried an intermediate bat tery of two guns, and then the gate, before two o’clock in the afternoon, but not without proportionate loss, increased by his steady maintenance of that position. Here, of the heavy battery—4 th artillery— Capt. Drum and Lieut. Benjamin were mor tally wounded, and Lieut. Porter, its third in rank, slightly. The loss of those two most distinguished officers the army will long morn. Lieuts. J. B. Morangne and Win. Canty,of the [ South Carolina volunteers, also of high merit, i fell on the same occasion—besides many of our bravest non-commissioned officers and men —-particularly in Capt. Drum’s vetern I company. I cannot, in this place, give names . or numbers; but full returns of the killed and wounded of all corps, in their recent opposi tions, will accompany this report. Quitman, within the city—adding several new defences to the position he had won, and sheltering his corps as well us practicable— now awaited the return of daylight, under the the guns of the formidable citadel, yet to be subdued. At about 4 o’clock next morning, (Sept. 14,) a deputation of the mjuntamiento (city council) ; waited upon me to report that the federal government and the army of Mexico had fled from the capital some three hours before, and to demand terms of capitulation in favor of the church, the citizens,and the municipal authori ties. I promptly replied, that I would sign no capitulation; that the city had been virtually in our possession from the time of the lodge ments effected by Worth and Quitman the day before; that I regretted the silent escape of the Mexican army; that I should levy upon the city a moderate contribution, for special pur poses; and that the American army should come under no terms, not —such only as its own honor, the dignity of the TJ. S. and the spirit of the age, should, in my opinion, imperiously demand and impose. For the terms, so imposed, I refer the de partment to subsequent General Orders, Nos. 287 and 289, (paragraphs 7,8, and 9, of the lat ter,) copies of which arc herewith enclosed. At the termination of the interview with the city deputation, I communicated, about day ‘ light, orders to Worth and Quitman to ad vance slowly and cautiously (to guard against treachery) towards the heart of the city, and to occupy its stronger and more commanding point. Quitman proceeded to the great plaza or square, planted guards, and hoisted the colors of the United S. on the national palace —containing the halls of Congress and ex ecutive apartments of federal Mexico. In this grateful service, Quitman might have been anticipated by Worth, but for my express or ders, halting the latter at the head of the Ala meda, (a green park,) within three squares of that goal of general ambition. The capital, however, was not taken by any one or two corps, but by the talent, the science, the gal lantry, the prowess of this entire army. In the glorious conquest, all had contributed— early and powerfully —the killed, the wounded, and the Jit for duty —at Vera Cruz, Cerro Gordo, Contreras, San Antonio, Churubusco, (three battles,)* the Molinos del Rey, and Chapultepec —as much as those who fought at the gates of Belen and San Cosme. : Soon after we had entered, and were in the act of occupying the city, a fire was opened upon us from the flat roofs of the houses, from windows and corners of streets, by some 2,000 convicts liberated the night before by the fly ing government —joined by, perhaps, as many Mexicans soldiers, who had disbanded them selves and thrown off their uniforms. This unlawful war lasted more than twenty-four hours, in spite of the exertions of the muni cipal authorities, and was not put down till we had lost many men, including several officers, killed or wounded, and had punished the mis creants. Their objects w ere, to gratify nation al hatred, and, in the general alarm and con fusion, to plunder the wealthy inhabitants— particularly the deserted houses. But families • are now generally returning; business of every kind has been resumed, and the city is already tranquil and cheerful, under the admirable conduct (with exceptions very few and trifling) of our gallant troops. This army has been more disgusted than surprised that, by some sinister process on the part of certain individuals at home, its num bers have been, generally, almost trebled in our public papers—beginning at Washington. Leaving, as we all feared, inadequate gar risions at Yera Cruz, Perote, and Puebla — with much larger hospitals; and beieg obliged, most reluctantly, from the same cause (general paucity of numbers) to abandon Jalapa, we marched [August 7-10] from Puebla with only 10,738 rank and file. This number includes the garrison of Jalapa, and the 2,429 men brought up by Brig. General Pierce, August 6th. At Contreras, Churubusco, &c., [August 22,] wc had but 8,497 men engaged—after deduc ing the garrison of San Augustin, (our general depot.) the intermediate sick and the dead; at the Molinos del Rey (September 8) but three brigades, with some cavalry and artillery— making in all 3,251 men —were in the battle; in the two days—Sept. 12 and 13—our whole operating force, after deducting, again, the re cent killed, and sick, together with the gar rison of Miscoac (the then general depot) and that of Tacubaya, was but 7,180; and, finally, • after deducting the new garrison of Chapulte pec, with the killed and wounded of the two days, we took possession (Sept. 14) of this great capital with less than 6,000 men! And I reassert,upon accumulated and unquestionable evidence, that, in not one of those conflicts, was this army opposed by fewer than three and a half times its numbers—in several of them, by a yet greater excess. I recapitulate our losses since wc arrived in the basin of Mexico: August 19, 20. — Killed, 137, including 14 officers. Wounded, 877, including 62 officers. Missing, (probably killed,) 38 rank and file. Total, 1,052. September B.— Killed, 116, including 9 offi cers. Wounded, 665, including 49 officers.— Missing, 18 rank and file. Total, 789. September 12, 13, 14. — Killed, 130, includ ing 10 officers. Wounded, 703, including 68 officers. Missing, 29 rank and file. Total, 862. Grand total of losses, 2,703, including 383 officers. On the other hand, this small force has beaten on the same occasions, in view of their capital, the whole Mexican army, of (at the beginning) thirty-odd thousand men—posted, always, in chosen positions, behind entrench ments, or more formidable defences of nature and art; killed or wounded, of that number, more than 7,000 officers and men; taken 3,730 prisoners, one-seventh officers, including 13 generals, of whom 3 had been presidents of this republic; captured more than 20 colors and standards, 75 pieces of ordnance, besides 57 wall-pieces, 20,000 small arras, an immense quantity of shots,-shells, powder, &c., &c. Os that enemy, once so formidable in num bers, appointments, artillery, &c., twenty-odd thousand have disbanded themselves in des ! pair, leaving, as. is known, not more than three fragments—the largest about 2,500 — now wandering in different directions, without ( . magazines or a military chest, and living at free quarters upon their own people. - General Santa Anna, himself a fugitive; is r believed to be on the point of resigning the ■ chief magistracy, and escaping to neutral G ua f temala. A new President, no doubt, will soon be declared, and the federal Congress is ex- i peeted to rc-assemble at Queretaro, 125 miles north of this, on the Zacatecas road, some i time in Oct ober. I have seen and given safe conduct through this city to several of its members. ’ The government will find itself I without resources; no army, no arsenals, no • magazines, and but little revenue, internal or external. Still, such is the obstinacy, or rath- ' er infatuation, of this people, that it is very - doubtful whether the new authorities will dare j ] to sue for peace on the terms which, in the ! j recent negotiations, were made known by our minister. ****** In conclusion,! beg to enumerate,once more, with due commendation and thanks, the dis tinguished staff officers,-general and personal, j who, in our l ist operations in front offhe enc- j my, accompanied me,- ami communicated or- i ders to every point ami-through every danger, j , Lieutenant Colonel Hitchcock, acting inspec- | 1 tor general; Major Turnbull and Lieutenant • Hardens tie, topographical engineers; Major , i Kirby, chief paymaster; Captain Irwin, chief quartermaster; Captain Grayson, chief com missary; Captain H. L. Scott, chief in the ad jutant general’s department; Lieut. Williams, aid-de-camp; Lieut. Lay, military secretary, I and Major J. P. Gaiucs, Kentucky cavalry, volunteer ald-dc-camp. Capt. Lee, engineer, so constantly distinguished, a so bore impor tant orders from me (Sept. 13) until he faint ed from a wound and the loss of two nights’ ! sleep at the batteries. Lieutenants Beaure- i I gard, Stevens, and Tower, all wounded, were j j employed with the divisions, and Lieutenants i ! G. W. Smith and G. B. McClellan with the company of sappers and miners. Those five { : lieutenants of engineers, like their captain, | ; won the admiration of all about them. The j i ordnance officers, Captain Huger, Lieutenants \ I Hagner, Stone, and Reno,, were highly effec- | j tive, and distinguished at the several batteries; | ; and I must add that Captain McKinstry, as- j j sistant quartermaster, at the close of the ope -1 rations, executed several important commis sions for me as a special volunteer. Surgeon General Lawson, and the medical staff generally, were skillful and untiring in and out of fire, in ministering to the numer ous wounded. To illustrate the operations in this basin, I enclose two beautiful drawings, prepared un der the directions of Major Turnbull, mostly from actual survey. I have the honor to be, sir, with high re spect, your most obedient servant, WINFIELD SCOTT. The Hon. Wm. L. Marcy, Secretary of War. Augusta, (Georgia. SUNDAY MORNING, NOV. 21. A Professorship of Agricultural Chemis try- In the notice by our Milledgeville correspon dent of Dr. Church’s report, read before the Senatus Academicus, the recommendation in that report of a Professorship of Agricultural Chemistry to be attached to our State Univer sity was specially referred to; and it was men tioned that a member of the Legislature would ; bring in a bill for that purpose. Since then, j Mr. Shockley of Columbia, the member re ferred to, has brought in such a bill, and it is now before the House. It may not be amiss here to state, that this movement on the part I of Mr. S. was not suggested by the report of the President of the College. It had been long contemplated by that gentleman, and discussed, as a measure in a high degree desira i ble for the best interests of the State, i We hope it will receive a cordial support. It is calculated to elevate the occupation of ; the planter to its legitimate position in the ' estimation of society —to shed upon it the light of science, and to make it fruitful of in i' terest and amusement to the most enlightened minds. It will also contribute greatly to the i productive wealth of our soil, and will thus t repay an hundredfold the fostering care of the State. The Life of Henry the Fourth- We have received from Harper & Brothers, through their Agent, T. Richards of this city, parts three and four of this very interesting work, by the distinguished novelist, G. P. R. James. The City Council of Washington, D. C. have passed a resolution expressive of their regret at the death of Capts. James Graham, Charles Hanson and S. H. Walker, all resi dents, and two of them natives of that city; and of their respect for the memory of the gal lant dead. The members of the two Boards will wear crape for thirty days as a further evidence of their regard for the deceased. Mr- Freeman’s Resolutions- The Milledgeville Federal Union of Friday last, says—-“4)n Wednesday a spirited discus sion on these resolutions (the same in substance as Mr. Dunagan’s of the Senate,) unexpectedly took place in the House. Mr. Harris of Bald win, moved to refer them to the committee on Federal relations. Mr. Freeman opposed the motion and contended that they should be re ferred to the committee of the whole House. Mr. Jackson favored the reference to the com mittee on federal relations, because that could present a unanimous report on so much of the resolutions as relate to the Wilmot Proviso, and on which the House should present an undivid ed front, and the minority could present their report upon those topics upon which a diversi ty of opinion might be expected. Mr. Pinkard i and Mr. Bailey, contended that if Mr. Harris’ motion prevailed, that a part, if not the whole of the resolutions, would be stifled, that the House would not have an opportunity of act ing upon them, and of giving a direct vote upon the several subjects embraced in them. He therefore strenuously urged a reference to the committee of the whole House. At the close of Mr. Bailey's remarks, the House adjourned. On Thursday morning, the subject was re sumed but without any fursher discussion and without a division,the resolutions were referred to the committee on the state of the Republic. ; In the Senate, there was an effort uncere moniously, to kill Mr. Dunagan s resolutions. They are the order of the day for the 26th, when if there is no dodging, the people may learn something of the principles of Georgia Whigs. “That Blank Vote- ’ The question is frequently asked, “who gave that blank vote in the election of Mr. Berrienr” The constituents of more than one member of the Legislature, have an interest in the answer to. the question. That honor may be rendered to whom honor is due, and that constituent* and Representatives may have the data by which they may be enabled to adjust their mutual accounts, it is announced, upon au thority which is not hero contradicted, that “that blank vote," was cast by Mr, David Zachary , of the county of Heard. If it be claim ed by any other, his title should now be estab lished, or he forever after remain silent. Un less we mistake the signs of the times, the day is not far distant, when “that blank vote” will be in great requisition.— Milledgeville Federal Union, GEORGIA I»BG-ISL ATO RE. IN HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Wednesday, Xov. 17th, 1817. Mr. Barton laid upon the table, a resolution in relation to the appointment of a Joint Com mittee, to take into consideration the project of Mr. Whitney to connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans by Rail Roads, which was agreed to. Committee on the part of the House, Messrs. Barton,Phillips, Ramsay, Jack son and Tift. A message was receive 1 from the Senate by Mr. Crawford their Secretary, announcing that they have passed the resolution relative to Brig. Genl. Twiggs. A copy of which was sent you a few days since. Mr. Shockly introduced a bill to found and establish in the University of Georgia, a Pro fessorship of Agricultural Chemistry,to endow the same and for other purposes. Mr. Freeman introduced a bill to authorise the Director of the Central Bank of Georgia, and in certain cases the Treasurer of this State, to dispose of certain insolvent or una vailable assets of said Bank for the benefit of the State. IN HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, Nov. 18, 1847/ r Bills Introduced. By Mr. Harris of Baldwin; To amend thrf act to incorporate the Milledgeville Turnpike or Rail Road Company, &c. Also, a bill amendatory of an act of 1845, organizing the Supreme Court, so far as to de clare who may be parties plaintiff to writs of error. This bill provides that it shall in no case bo considered necessary to join with the parties to the suit in the Superior Court carrying tho case up to the Supreme Court by bill of ex ceptions and writs of error, the security on the appeal, or on any injunction on bond, and that no writ of error shall be dismissed or de layed on the hearing and decision, where the parties to the writ or declaration below are included in said writ of error. By Mr. Darnall, to provide for the removal of the seat of Government of this State, to the town of Atlanta, and to provide for the erect ing of the necessary buildings to accommodate the General Assembly, State House and Exe cutive Officers, and other purposes therein mentioned. To incorporate the Etowah Rail Road Com pany, in Cass, Cherokee and other counties— read first time and referred to the Committee on Internal Improvements. By Mr. Bartow, to authorise an increase of the capital stock of the Marine and Fire In surance Bank of the State of Georgia. By Mr. Tift, to change the penalty of death for crime committed by free white persons, to imprisonment and labor in the Penitentiary for life. Also, a bill amendatory of an act 19th De cember, 1818, pointing out the mode of col lecting a certain description of debts therein mentioned. This bill points out the mode of collecting debts against copartnerships. Cred tors may proceed to sue at law at their option, the sur vivor of said copartnership or the representa tives of the estate of the deceased partner, and shall by the judgement to be rendered, bind and subject the individual estate of tho deceased partner. MILLEDGEVILLE, Nov. 18'. Dear Sir .-—Above we hand you the pro ceedings of the House for yesterday and to-day. We are still unable to get a sight of the jour nals of the Senate and must therefore decline' making any further efforts to get the proceed- _ ings of that branch on the day of their date. We are much indebted to the polite and courteous attention of Col. Owen, Clerk of the House, and his assistants, for their wil lingness at all times to give us the use of their journals, and shall continue to send you daily the proceedings of the House bearing the date of the journals. Yours, REPORTERS. Special Notices. R. 8. DILL, COMMISSION MERCHANT, New Orleans. Not. 19 —3m BLACK & LAWSON, ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Will practice in ail the Counties of the Middle Circuit. Any business entrusted to them will meet with prompt attention. Address Edward J. Black, Jacksonboro, G*. John F. Lawson, Augusta, Ga. ly Nov. 18 [LT DR. J. A. S. MILLIGAN, will at tend to the practice of Medicine and Surgery, in Augusta and its vicinity. Office in Metcalfs Range, up stairs. Entrance one door below Mr. J. Marshall’s Drug Store. , June 13 6m 215 JOHNSONS DAGUERREOTYPE. ROOMS. MR. C. E. JOHNSON has the honor to in form his old patrons of last year, and the pub lic generally, that he is again AT HIS OLD STAND, over Messrs. Clark, Racket Sy Co.’s Jewelry Store, where he is prepared to execute MINIA TURES in a style superior to any thing he ha* done heretofore. Mr. J. thankful for the very liberal patronage of last season, asks a continuance of the same, Oct. 2*4 ~-3m PLEASANT | STOVAL L. Renews the tender of his services in the STO AGE AND SALE OF COTTON AND OTU ER PRODUCE, at his Fire Proof Warehouse j Augusta, Ga., Aug. 4th, 1347. " ? 36 “