Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

THE I'ONSH IHiTIO.NALI ST. ' JAMES GARDNER, JR. TEHiVIiS, D lily, per srinnm C" 00 Tri-Weekly, per a-num i> 0 If paid in advance. n 0 ( * ! Weekly, per amiiiro > O' If pnij in advance - 5 To Clubs, remitting v'iU i n aj> v a n JIVE , COPIES are sent, 'i'uis will jmt our Week 1} pa per in tier reach us new .'uhscribers ai TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. {LT’Subscrfbcrs who will pa\ up arrearage*, and Bend four new subscribers, with tKc money, can get | the paper at S - 00. fITPAH new subscriptions must he paid in ad- I vnnee. fT/ 3 Po«ta:re must he paid on ail communications i ankkfitcrs of business, mean—a aw n>i" mi [From the .V. York Jown-il of (Jommfer, 19 tl< in. l ] I ARRIVAL f#fk OF THE sTEAMS n i p aasiSEßs camb n I a } 1 DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. Tire steamer Cambria, Capt. ITanison, arri- ■ ved at this port about 9 o’clock Ja-t evening, from Liverpool, whence she departed on the Ist iust. She brings us London papers to the evening of Dec. 31st, and Liverpool to the Ist inst. The news is favorable in almost every par ticu'ar. Bath breadstuffs and cotton had slightly improved, and were tending upward. Tne Bank of England had reduced its rate of interest to five per cent., an I tbs Bank of France to four per cent. The money market | was easier. There however hid boon some additional ■ failures, among which wc regret to include the Messrs. Sands, of Liverpool, who have mer cantile connections with this country. The health of London had greatly improved. The Cholera in Russia wa» abating, and al though a few cases had appeared at Stettin, in Prussia, there was reason to hope it had near ly expended itself. At Constantinople it was ! abating, although comparatively bug few eases | had occurred. There was no Cholera in Lon don or Paris. Rev. Dr. Hampden had been elected Bishop of Hereford, Eug. The President’s Message reached Liverpool on the 30th, by the packet ship Ashburton, and was immediately forwarded by express to . London. It is published entire in nearly all the London papers. There had however been time for hut few comments. The London Shipping list of Dec. 31st, evening, says — “The chief subject of conversation in the | City to-day is, of course, the contents of Mr. Polk’s speech, received by the Ashburton, which is given in fall in our columns. Vari ous opinions are. as usually proves to be the ; rase, entertained in this City as to the general bearing of this document, but it would appear to be considered as satisfactory as far as we are directly concerned, though part Mr. Polk’s i foreign policy is looked upon in a somewhat different light. The mercantile accounts la this arrival are somewhat barren, and the da- , livery of the letters and papers by the Britan- j nia, steamer, which has also arrived, is there fore anxiously expected. They will be deli- | vered in the course of the afternoon.” Liverpool, Jan. 1. —It is with extreme re gret that wc have to add to ®ur list of mercau- : tile failures during the present crisis, that of Mcssr-. Thomas and Joseph Sands,of this town. The embarrassments of Mr. Thomas Sands,who is also first partner in the East India house of Sands, Turner & Co , and in the New York house of Sands, Fuller & Co., have been more or less known for some time past, and were tin destood to arise from causes in no way con nected with the affairs of the East India house. The following is a copy of the circular in which Mr. Sands announced his suspension: “Liverpool, 18th Dec. 1817. j “Sir, —It is with much concern I am und yg the necessity of informing you, that in conse quence of the difficulty of obtaining remit tances, the fall in the value of property, and still more the misappropriation of funds by those who were associated with mo in joint transactions, it has become necessary for my firm of Thomas and Joseph Sands and Co. to suspend payment; but 1 trust I may state.that the creditors will receive the full amount of their claims. It is at the same time due to the house of Sands, Turner and Co., in which lam interested, to say that the affairs of that firm, and of Thomas and Joseph Sands and Co. are totally distinct, and that Sands, Turn- I (GT and Co. will in no way be affected by the event that has occurred. Indeed, the amount coming to me from that firm will form a large item in my assets. A statement of the affairs of my firm shall be prepared as early as pas sible, and laid before the creditors. “I am, sir, your obedient servant, (Signed) THOMAS SANDS.” Los don Money Market, Dec. 21.—A ru mor reported on Saturday amongst sonic few and particular quarters, and revived yester day morning, has been confirmed by an offi cial declaration of the suspension of Messrs. Thomas and J. Sands and Co. of Liverpool, ex tensive American merchants. The announce ment has caused much regret, although it has "been expected for some time past, owing to the heavy losses they hava sustained by the failure of-other houses. The effects of this ■ suspension will not fall on Liverpool, but will, it is supposed, be felt in Manchester, Birming ham, and the West Riding of Yorkshire. Mr, Sands is an alderman, and served the office of mayor of Liverpool in 1815, and was estimated | on the Ist of January of this year to have been worth £IOO,OOO. The suspension of this firm does not in any way implicate Messrs, i Sands, Turner & Co. Dec. 22.—An extraordinary error has been discovered in the balance sheet of Messrs. De Bruyn & Sons c;X Amsterdam, The error re ferred to amounts to one million of guilders, about £89,000 sterling, and is against the in terest of the creditors. The liabilities of Messrs. Thomas and Jo seph Sau ls of Liverpool, have been ascertain ed to be £90,000, and the prospect of a favor- 1 able liquidation is now contradicted. Messrs. J. Fros'ke & Co,, in the timber trade, are stated to have failed. The overland mail brings Intel It genee of the suspension of Sanders, May, Fordyce & Co., of Calcutta, the corresponding firm, in deed a branch of, we leiieve, the house of Koid, Irriug & Co., in this city. This event was of course anticipated after the catastro phe of the principal house here. There has been a meeting this morning of j 'the creditors of Messrs. Trueman & Cook, the ; extensive colonial brokers of Mincing-lane, i The balance full corroborates the statement ot I the firm that the estate will pay 20s. in the pound. Dec. 23.- Reduction of the rale of Discount , by the Bunk. —The Bank Directors have at length reduced the minimum rate of discount I to fire per cent., the announcement us which j was immediately followed by the rise ot $ to : 2 ger cant, in Consols. Dae. 24. —The reduction in the rate of lute- ! rest charged by the Bank of England has pro- i duced, in mercantile circles, a naturally firmer I tone of confidence. Mr. Knapp, the proprietor of the Abingdon , Bank, surrendered to the ti it yesterday. The j assignees hare realized £IO,OOO under the e-- ; {ate, and a further sum of the like amount is ( I expected to be speedily collected. The cred itor may, • here tore, Mi »rtiy expect a dividend. I) c. 28,—Messrs. Overend, Gurney & Co. : have g veil notice that the rate of interest r’lev will in future allow for money on call is 3 per cent. The bankers and other discount houses are understood to be doing only a -a.all business at 4| per cent, for first class paper. Dec. 23. The firm of Messrs. D ‘arcs Bro | thers, of Cork, has been mentioned for a d .v : or two past as being in d tftculti.es, and their failure is now authenticated. Messrs. Spence andS-oa, in the W >.«t India trade, have had a meet ng of their creditors, fine liabilities are about £20,000, and the as : sets very small. Too old established and highly rcspectabe 1 nrai ot Messrs, Job, V\ right and Co., in the Russian trade, were announced on ’Change 7 -I yesterday afternoon to have been compelled : to suspend payments, owing to the difficulties entailed by too extensive engagements entered ; into at St.Petersburg,by the erection of a mill audits necessary machinery. They give their liabilities at 00,000/, and their as-ets at 80,000/.; ! hut in the latter sum is included the works in Russia allude I to. The firm appear confident of their power to pay every ere liter in full, and it is said that the St, Petersburg firm of Thomas "Wright and Co. will not be effected | by their stoppage. It is stated that the Marseilles house of Forbin, Janson and Co., lias been unable to sust in their credit. This estate will be wound : up under bankruptcy. j London, Dec. 30.—The Paris comraerc-al i news to day is satisfactory. The effect of the j Bank of France following the measures of the Bank ot England, by reducing its rate of bis i count, had been to give a great impulse to business of a raircautile character. As the present rate for money in France is one per j cent, below our Bank’s minimum rate, it is : evident that the alteration made by the Pari sian establishment will still check the export of gold from here to that country. There has been a meeting of the creditors of Messrs. Sharpe, Brown, Burgess, and ’Morris, of Birmingham, extensive manufacturers of iron, as will be seen by another column. The liabilities of the house excce I £30.00 ), whilst the assets are about one-half that amount. A i composition of 9s. in the pound, payable by 1 instalments at three, six, nine, and twelve j months, was agreed to; but an fiber meeting ! will have to be held before the proposition j will be finally accepted. In connexion with ; the iron trade, it may be mentioned, that I many of the masters, in consequence of the I depressed state of the market, have been com i pelled to reduce the wages of the workmen, j which has, as usual, caused some excitement among the men, who, in some instances, re- I fuse to work at the reduction. The firm of Messrs. Hartley and Co., of ' Halifax, in a large way of business as mauu- I facturers, has suspended. London Money Market, Dec. 31, (even ing.)— The English stock market opened stea : dy this morning at the closing prices of ye~- S torday. The contents of Mr. Polk’s speech had no influence whatever upon the funds, j but in consequence of money being In demand • on the Stock Exchange at the rate of five per cent, there have Mnce been some heavy trans actions. The announcement of the failure of I Messrs. Cotesworth, Powell & Co., has further ! depressed the market, and Consols, from hav | ing been 85 4to f, are now heavy at 85 to j : for account. Exchequer Bills 9s. to 12s. pre -1 A L I maim. The American President's speech has not, had very much influence upon the Value es Mexican Stock, which is quoted heavy at 17i| to 18. The bondholders are disappointed that there is so little prospect of an early peace between America and Mexico. The liabilities of Messrs. Cotesworth, Pow ell & Co., whose suspension is alluded to : above, amount it is said, to between 300,000/. i and 4110,000/. What their assets may be no estimate is ut present given. Their stoppage has created a good deal of surprise, and would, sometime back, have ! had a greater effect upon the funds than is shown to-day by the fall in Consols. They were extensive West India and general mer chants. Mr. Powell is a bank director. Three o’clock. —Consols 85 to J. Messrs. Coates and Hilliard.— At the ad journed meeting of the creditors cf Messrs. Coates and Hilliard, American merchants, | held on Friday, a statement of their affairs prepared since the arrival of the last steamer i from the United States, showed a much less I favorable prospect than the one recently pre : seated. It will be recollected that the former ■ balance sheet contained assets which it was calculated would yield 9s. in the pound. Tire ! statement now exhibited only presented Cs. 81, The discrepancy between this last sum and the 1 offer made by Mr. Coates to pay a composition of 3. 6 1., by three instalments of Is. 2d. or Is. 2d. unsecured at four months, and Is. 21. secured at eight mouths, was explained to re ; suit from the circumstances of £12,700 of the assets being on the other side of the Atlantic, where they had doubtless been already attach ed by the various creditors in America; so that, excluding the estimated value of a pin pat nt, which was amongst the assets, there would unscarcely remain more than between £6,000 and £7,000 available for distribution to the English creditors. As might have been anti cipated, a number of persons interested in the : estate were far from satisfied with the proposal for a composition, or with the now account submitted to their inspection; and a Mr. Bro- I wett moved a resoluti m to the effect that, con ; sidcring the culpable course of conduct pur • sued by the firm during their trading, the only moans left for a proper investigation was to carry them through the Gazette. The strongly condemnatory character of the motion created much discussion, and it : was suggested that tiro better plan would be i to frame it in a formal manner, and to leave all i question of ex;tressed disapprobation till after the inquiry had taken place before the cora- I miss loners in Basinghall street. Mr. Coates havixg presented himself to the meeting, it was then ultimately moved and seconded that the declaration of insolvency placed in the hands of the chairman (Mr. Dillon, of the firm of Morrison, Dillon & Co.) should be filed, and the estate administered under bankruptcy, when there appeared in favor of this proposi tion a majority of 9 against 8. Cotton, for the year 1817. — The following summary is from the brokers’ general circular : “The total import into this port during the present year has amounted to 1,088,240 bales,being a decrease of 460,604 bales as com pared with last year, and 532,586 bales ns with that of 1845. —The exports from this port amount to 138,500 bales, against 136,360 bales in 1846, and 79,-360 bales in 1845. —The stock in Liverpool, as declared this day, (Dec. 31) i» 363,530 bales, against 438,970 bales in 1813, and 835.450 bales, in 1845. —The to tal deliveries for home consumption from the ports of the United Kingdom are 1,103,010 bales, being an average weekly delivery of 21,269 bales, against 29,977 bales in 1816, and 30,207 bales in 1845. M Ireland- . i Dublin, Deo, 22. — Thu Depression cj tue Ci\me Pull,— I The Royal assent having been given to the above bill, and it being now the law of the laud. Lord Clarendon, it is said, will proceed forthwith to carry its provisions into effect. Dublin, Dec. 2L —The Proclaimed Districts. —An extraordinary edition of the Dublin Ga zette, published late last night, contains the proclamations issued yesterday by the Lord Lieutenant i.n council, and which were desgri- i tar j.y;r-r-T=r^- ' ho i iu the Shipping and Mercantile Gazette of Saturday. From and after the 29th of Dec., ( sVediie-ilay next, i the act for the Prevention of (hinr; will lie in operation, in the counties • of Limerick and Tipperary, and in certain ba ronies of the count; of Clare, Cork, Water ford, King's county, Roscommon. Leitrim, Ca van and Longford. In the county or Cork only one barony —that of Orrery and Kilmorc —has been proclaimed. D’ cl'n, Dec. 27. —Distress is increasing to an riarming extent in some of the western and -south-western count os, especially along the coast, and pestilence is a gain following up destitution. Fever is raging desperately in the work-house, ami the guardians refuse to iit there. The collection of tire rate, howev er, has progressed most satisfactorily here, and no opposition has been yet offered. Through the benevolence of the British Asso : elation three thousand children arc fed daily at the schools in this district, with a ration f f rye bread (ten ounces) and half a pint of soup. * The Sligo Champion says, there are at present i I,do!) inmates in the biigo woik-house —more | than the house can conveniently hold. The I applications for out-door relief exceed all bo le f, and we are sorry to say, many not in ab j solute distress feel no shame iu endeavoring [ to subsist upon public charity, j Tas Cholera. —diKTTiN, (Frussia,) Dec. 22. j —Letters just received from Tilsit state, that several cases of cholera hare appeared there* : 'The disease has assumed a mild form. It it ; to be hoped that the frost which has since set j in may not only prevent the further spread, but may U avealready arrested its progres. France. ! Opening of the French Chambers —Sepeech of the fo"9' j '! he following is the speech which his Majesty | the Kin<r of the French delivered to the Chambers ; on Tuesday, Dec. 29th. on opening the sea>ion oi I '‘A*. | "Messieurs Its Fairs el Messieurs les Deputes ‘ I am happy, in finding myself again among yon, not to haic any more to deplore the calamili<*s whicli the high price ot provisions lias indicted on our country. France has endured them with a courage that 1 could not behold without deep emotion. IS ever. in such circumstances, have pub lic older and the freedom of transactions been so generally maintained. The inexhaustible zeal ot private charity has seconded our common efforts. Our commerce, thanks to its prudent activity, lias been feebly affected by the crisis that has been i fell in other states. We are reaching the end of these trials. Heaven h>s blessed the labors of the people, and abendant crops are every where givinh | comfort and security. 1 congratulate uivseli on ft | with you. “I reckon on your co-operation, in order to bring to a conclusion the great public works which, by extending to the whole kingdom fajiiity and re gularity of communication, must open iresh sour i ccs of prosperity. At the same time that sufficient resources shall continue to be applied to that ! fruitful enterprise we shall all watch, with sciupu lous economy, over te judicious employment of the p i lie re venue; and 1 am confident that the re ceipts w 11 cover the expenses in the ordinary i budget of ihe state, which shall -hurtly be present ! eJ to you. -A special bill will be submitted to you for redu cing the price of salt, and daniui lung postage on letters, to a degree consistent with the good state : of our finances. “Bills oa public instruction, prison discipline, ami our customs tariffs, arc already submitted to your j deliberations. Other bills white presented to yon o.i various important subjects particularly on com mercial properly, the mortgage svsVra, the Mon's de Piete, and the application of savings banks to fresh improvements in the condition oi the working classes It is mr constant wish that mv govern ment should labor with your ro operation, and de veloping, at the same time, the mortality and wel fare of the people. •Tuc relations w ith all the foreign p vrers give njc the c *niidencc that the peace of the world is secure- V hope that the progress of general civil izaffm will accomplish itself every where by ac cordance between the governments and the people i without impairing internal order and go >d relations of sl- tes. “Civil war has di ffarhed the hapn'me-s ofSwitz erlan I. Mv government had come to nn under s rmiing with the gover unents of Ea.-.rLnd, Aus fria. Prussia, and llu-ii. in order to r.l’er that nvoliboring and friendly people an arnica le me diation. .'Switzerland wilt, I hope, uckiiowled _;e, that respect.for thv rights of ail, and the mai.ve nacc of the basis of the He.\-?:c Confederation, can alone e;. ire to her the enduring co-nii- I tions of happiness and security w inch iiu*ope hu.- ■ to guarair.ee to her by treaty. i -Mv government, in accordance with that oi i \he. Queen of Great Britain, has jam adopted measure - whici: tuu- t sf length suceeru in r-storv-g ! our commercial relations osi banks oi ti.e River | Plate. j t j -The illustrious leader v lit) li«s long aval glonous- Jv commanded iu Algeria, has desired to feet tfont Ids labours. I have entrusted to my beloved son, the Duke d’A umale. the great and arduous task of ; governing that French land. 1 Hatter myself that, under the direction of my government, and thanks to the laborious courage of the generous army that surrounds him, his vigilance and devotedness will secure the tranquility, the ■ »o 1 aJi.iinLtrali, j, and prosperity of our establishment. “•Gentlemen, the more advance in life, the mwe I dedicate, with devotednes-; to the service of France, to the care of her interests, dignity, and happine s, all the activity and strength that God has given me. and still vouchsafes me. Amidst the agitation that hostile and blind pa-sions are foment ing, a conviction animates and supports me; it is that we possess, in the constitutional monarchy, in i the union of the great powers of the. state, sure : means of overcoming all those offtacies. and of sati-dVinir all interests, moral and material. Let n* firndv maintain, according to the charter, social order asd all its conditions. Let us guarantee. ! according to the charter, the public liberties and all their developments. We shall transmit unim paired to the generations that are to come after ns the trust confided to us; and they will bless ns for having founded and defended the edifice under shelter ui which they will live happy ami free.” Gi iiic I^iSiOari' The French steamer Missouri, (’apt. Morin, i from II tvre 2-3 clays, arrived yesterday. She , sailed from Havre Dec. 23d, her regular day, but being short of coals when 21 days out, she put into Halifax Jan. 13th, to replenish. She sailed again on the loth. Encountered a succession of gales during almost the entire passage. Tin*; Fuf.xcu Steamers.-Dj- the annexed let ter from Havre, we are sorry to learn that the French Steamers to this port have discontinu ed their trips for the present. (C <rrespondent of the Journal of Commerce ) Havre, France, Doc. 22d, 184 7. Our Trans-Atlantic Steamers arc about to suspend their voyages, and the Missouri is the last to leav r ‘. This enterprise hits nut been i fortunate, for causes which the most energetic ■ efforts will be applied to remove. It is ex pected that the line will resume operations, under more auspicious circumstance*, the coming season,. Liverpool Cotton Market—Dec- 31 ■ For the week ending Dec. 21, the cotton mar ket hu» been inanimate; Americans, fair and up wards, the consequence of new cotton being in the market; are Jd lb lower, while the inferior qualities are stead}*, and net quite so easy ,to buy. Brazils are lower by ,|d lb; this description hangs heavily in the market. Egyptian, Surat and other kind, unchanged. In consequence ot the Bank of England having reduced the rate of discount, the market is less freely supplied to-day, but the de mand is not gutter, the sales to-day being 3000 bales. 650 Am. have been token for exportation. Sales far the week 29.520 bales. Another Report —During the week the trade lia\e again brought to a fair extent, but the recent import of new crop American continuing to be freelv offered, price* of better qualities have fur ther declined Jd lb, while in middling and lower descriptions little can be noticed; some forced sales Ihizii hare been made at a considerable reduction no decided change in Egyptain;and Surat is in good demand at previous rates. Exporters have {skci.oaO American. About 2500 bags of Sea I»!and will be offered bv auction on the oth proximo. Sales for the week 20.526 bales, f Week ending Dec. 31. —Wc have a much im .lwk:u gpatwyr-agjarsrar: ' r proved demand for. and a worse supply of. Ame - f rican Cotton this week; su advance of £<i to ,[d per lb b* 4 been realized o i all qualities of fair and be low. the greatest rise being in ordinary. Surat may be quoted id per l!» dearer; all other son are | unchanged. 'I he sales are estimated at 22,b>0 ; bales, with the market still rather more against the bu\ er. Forwarded into the country unsold dii ; ring this mouth. 15 ') American and 133 Permim. Sales of the week. 15. i 30 bales. Another Report—-A good demand for the three 1 da vs ending IVc. 30,a id tie prices of the ordinary ! t middling qualities of American have advanced Jd to M per ib. whilst other kind", remain without I H.lerali n. The sales have been 17.750 bales. [/Voui the .V O. Picevjwip, 13'/i imt.] Later fi*o".n Mexico- Jlilitary Contributions upon Mexico. j The Humors of a Peace not Confirmed. The steamship Xew Orleans, (’apt. Edward . Auld, arrived last even ng from Vera Cruz, ; • | Laving sailed the i-tth Lust. she brought over - i the following passengers: ‘ Lieut. 13. F. M Donald,Lieut. Fairfax, Lieut. • j J. 13. Moeler, Lieut. G. Cansevoort, ('apt. J. I Ck Huffington, Maj. A. G. Johnson., Lieut. J. j • ! M. Dye, Lieut. C, C- Robbins, Lieut, (i. W. ; | Walker Ckvpt, Rice, Licit. Eider, Capt. W. j i Norfleet, Lieut. Lyman Andrews, Lieut. C. d, • Dickson, Dr. J. AV. Richardson, Capt. John i ! Bristow, Capt. D. (k Berry, Airs. Bargdott, J ; Incut. T. G. Andrews, Ass’t Surg. N. Hall, Lieut. J. M. Richardson, J. 11, Gray, A. JVr : ’ ret, J. 11. Felt, Martin George, Mr. Neliel and > son, .V. J. G. Fisher, Francis M irtin, Nicholas i Bravo, 11. F. Rodney, W. M. Goodleh, Thos, , Marshall, J. H. Sherman, Mrs. Coogan, Mr. I ’ Fisher, Mr. Greaves, John B. Cozzens, Vin- ; cent Miller, John Reed, Ira Bisbce, George Rohr, Capt. J. S. B. Kingsbury. ' The news we published yesterday of an at tack upon the train under Col. Miles is con ilimed in some respects. The loss may have j been exaggerated, and it will, moreover, fall piincipally upon foreign merchants, to whom , the pack mules stolen belonged. One house 1 i is said to have lost property worth .954,000. It i was an English firm. The French and Spanish • merchants robbed were able to obtain the res- 1 11 toratiou of their goods bv paving smartly, but C*-i• “ > - 1 no compromise could be made by English and j American merchants. Their reliance now is j , upon Gen. Twiggs, who is expected to assess j f upon the district of Orizaba, whence the bid- ; gands came, the amount lost. In the skirmish ‘ it is supposed that three or four men of the 1 Mounted Rides were killed, and eight or ten of ' the Mexican muleteers. The portion of the train cut off had incautiously lagged behind. 1 Col. Aides could not wait for them to come up, . but left a Guard of twenty-five men bihind, t which was totally inadequate again-t the sud- j t den onset of four hundred guerrillas. The ship Ocean arrived at Vera Cruz on the oth inst. from New York, with recruits under I the command of Capt. Henry, of the 3d Infun- | try. There ha? been ail arrival at Vera Cruz from i - the city of Mexico, with dates to the Ist inst. ; i The mail came down via Orizaba. 5 Gen. Scott lias issued an order assessing up- j on the States of Mexico occupied or to be occu ‘ pied by our troops an annual tax amounting j to about three millions. The order is so im- ! port mt that we give it at length below. There f is nothing in it looking like peace. From tiie a Free American of the 13th inst. we copy the * folio wing items derived from the papers re ceived from the capital; The American Star of the 31st*D icember, says that It lias been known that a large force of ;/aerrilieros was in the vicinity of the city : of Mexico; that the I . S. Dragoons had failed - ; to comc up with them. On the 27th ult. Fa- I - I tire Jarauta slept at San Juan Zeotihuacan, ac ■ ; companied by eight hundred men. On tue ; 6 i 2Stli he was at Guadalupe, with an escort of ( j fifteen men, and proceeded as fir sthe garita. | ! From thence he proceeded to ll.mepantla, 1 s mie nine miles from the city of Mexico, on t ! the Querct iro roa i. His cry at Guadalupe j ; was “Long live the religion.” We hope, add* . : the Sta r . that so:nc of our dragoons, or others, ‘ - | will shortly g; t this precious rascal in their *| h. ads. ife is bold in venturing so near tre j citv. and cannot expect to cm ap«-.* apprehension and the punishment whicli he deserves. .-I A railroad meeting was to be held on the i Ist. A committee, of which Col. Hebert was > | Chairman, was to make its report in regard to ;■ the feasibility of the routes and other matters appertaining thereto. A report was made i " some fifteen years ago, by the authority of the 1 Mexican Government, the substance of which 1 ’ was to presented to the meeting. * A rumor was D'-mt on the 31st ult., that j Col. Withers’s command, ffh'ch licit the city t of Mexico, on the evening Ot the 36th, t:'V M i i del Monte, had been cat to pieces when about ,' twenty miles distant. The Star does not be lieve a word of it, and says that it would rc '■ quire four or live thousand Mexicans at least \ j to rout the 9th Infantry, tie dragoons and the 1 artillery, under Col. M .’s command, and that •jit is fortunate for Fa.lie Jarauta an I his iol - j lowers that they did not reach Guadalupe un :* ; til two days after Col. Withers's command ' left that place. 7 A train will probably arrive here in the t course of next week for the city of Mexico. I By this arrival the dates from Queretaro are ; to the 28th of December. Hopes were then I entertained that the approaching Congress - would have a quorum, and there was much r less talk of prutnatciameutos and revolutions. ’ A letter of the 26th says, that all parties arc 1 agreed not to send commissioners to Washing- i ton, arbitration being preferable to that stage of degradation. We find little said about a treaty of peace, ’ but there wore whispers at Queretaro of an armistice of three months being on the tapis. W e annex several letters from our inteili ’ gent correspondent at V era Cruz; f Secial Correspondence of the Picayune.] Veka Cruz, Jan. 11, 1813. The next expedition that loaves Vera Cruz . for the interior, will, without doubt , be to , Orizaba, to occupy that place; and if a suffi cient number of troops is at hand, possession will also be taken of Cordova, an important step which will be hailed with joy by the whole commercial community, who have more to fear from the brigands who make these cities 1 their headquarters, than from all the Mexican armies in the ex-Ilepublic of Mexico. As I tried to show you in a former letter, tiie road offers advantages to thieves and cowards, which a brave band would scorn to use, and i ’ no matter how small may be a banal of thieves and robbers, if they be determined, and well mounted, they may succeed in stealing and robbing from nearly every train that goes up enough to pay them well for the small risk . they run. But as these c.ties are their hcad i quarters, where nearly every thing is disposed r of, it is to be hoped that the advantages to be • derived from the occupation of these cities s will be great. But to do effectual service it J. | will be necessary to have a mounted force of , sufficient strength to penetrate with safety the 1 I hostile portions of those districts, which will ) | hold itself in readiness at all times to intercept . : any captured property that the robbers may j j have stolen. To do this effectually, no doubt ‘ | but the commanding officers of these posts ! I will be advised of the dej arture of all convoys ‘ i from Vera Cruz, that the}’ may always be on . the look out. i I Cavalry is the most important item to all convoys from this city to the interior, and without it there is no safety. In order that 1 many who are not familiar with the manner in which trains are protected, and in which they will always have to bo protected, except an army is sent to guard a train, I will give you ' some idea of the last one that left here under f Col Miles. The command consisted of about 1300 troops, ; of which there were about IGO cavalry. The train, consistin'' of about 300 wagons and 1200 , ! pack mules, covered a space of nearly seven miles. There is a this ket on either side of the road, offering excellent opportunities every l mile of the way far ambuscades, and so impen etrable that only at intervals it is possible to ' throw out Hankers. The guerrillas have ac- j cess bv oaths which no one else Knows, and j they are familiar with and take care to select j the weakest point of the trains. They accom- | plish their object without delay, and it is im- I possible to follow or overtake them with in fantry. The cavalry forces, although they may be advantageously posted, are so lew and so far off. that by the time the new* reaches them and they reach the point attacked, it is too late, unless the force is large, and good for j tune favors them in the pursuit. If these places which they make their homes and the deposits for their spoils are secured and placed under the command of efficient and energetic : officers, we will soon experience the b •neiits, j It is the duty of our Government to afford ! protection to trade, and the losses sustained by i i merchants who place their goods under our pro- | lection should be made good. They pay the duties on all goods as required by the Ameri ! can Government, and by paying a small duty to the rubbers they can get their goods through , in safety to Mexic >; but this would be assist in''the enemy, and persons doing so would i have to suffer the consequences of the laws of all nations, which provide severe punishment j Ito all found guilty of such offences. But if wo tax their goods to support the war, their goods should be protected to the interior, par ticularly as there is no market for them in Vera Cruz. If goods could not be sent he- ! : yond this place into the interior, we should ! derive but a pitiful sum in the way of duties on importations which would hardly pay the ! expenses for collecting it. More mounted men for this line are indis- ■ pensable, if it is the intention to try to keep open communications with Mexico, and I trust 1 that they will be forthcoming soon. Only a 1 email portion of the llitie llcgiment have been 1 mounted since their arrival on this line, and 1 | all for the want of horses, but I suppose not so j ; much from the difficulty of obtaining them in j New Orleans, as from the want of transporta- 1 tion to Vera Cruz at the time they were here. I This puts me in mind of a great oversight j i some where which should be remedied. If half the money that has been expended in j building propellers (which are a dead weight upon the Government, and nuisances with only one or two exceptions,') had been ex- , I pended in boats like the New Orleans, we : should have three or four that would at all times have been tit for service, and there would never have been auv necessity for chartering 1 i sail vessels f>r transports from the ports on 1 the Gulf, except for the transportation tfsup i plies. Vjsk.v. Ciiuz, Jan. 14, ISIS. ; I A small party of soldiers arrived last night from Jalapa, but they bring no news except ■ the arrival of Col. Miles’s train at that place, without any further loss or attack than what was reported to you a few days since, and that on the 11th it proceeded en route to Mexico.— I refer you to the Vera Cruz papers for sev eral interesting items, particularly to the Free American of this morning for the last order of Gen. Scott. livery ihing remains quiet on the road to the interior, and will continue to do so until there is a chance for booty. ; llavin ' written out all tire news I can think of, I will close. The following are the orders to which our correspondent refers ; llr.viviu.vurEUS o? run A'oiy, } M.exico, D jcem Her 31,1817. [aj: a en ai. ord eks~ ao. 395, ] 1. To support, in p i r t, the military occupa tion of the Republic of M 'xico by the Army ■ of the United States, the .several States of this Republic, already occupied, and others as they shall bee nuc occupied, arc, or will be assessed, by the year, in dollars, .as fallows ; ("hiljuahua... -. $ 19.1 It ! Oaxaca 5T Id GO C Riuila...., .. A.Go'J Q:er taro 85.!»4ff Giii a pas. 21 »92 San Luis 111,23’) 1 luraitgo 8‘>,656 Sinaloa 33.721 G tanahuato .... 255,87 b Sonora 0.-OOi) Jalisco 231 >,338 Fobasco 59.060 Mexico State <-V. Tamatilipas 71 332 Federal Disct- 608,332 Vein Ortiz ,2/ l,3id Mlchoacan 287,712 Z.catccas A A i Nneva Leon.,.. ,50.107 guas (: alieatas, Paebla..., 121,271)' re-united 218.076 2. This assessment is the quadruple of the direct taxes paid by the several States to their federal government in the year ISI3 or 1311. Put. on t-ho other hand, all transit duties (al i cabalas y derechos de Intern* cion) heretofore payable at the gates of cities and on pa--dug the lines between States, have been abolished, i together with national lotteries. The tobacco m mnpoly will also br abolished from and af ter the present year. The cultivation and the sale of that plant, shall, thereafter be free— save any duty that the United States may have i imposed or shall hereafter impose, on the . importation of tobacco through the custom houses at Mexican ports occupied by this ; army. And the receipts of the post-offices, j together with the playing-card and stamped paper monopolies arerelin flushed to the State Governments respectively. 3. The governors and members of the legis latures in the different States, and collecting i officers, now in commission, and heretofore charged with the collection of the federal dues ; of any kind, will be individually held respou ! sible in their persons and property for the col lection and full payment of this assessment — { one-twelfth monthly, at the usual !Btate capi tals respectively, or other place or places with in the same, as may be appointed by the Uui j ted States’ commander within each State. 4. The assessment on each State that may j hereafter be occupied as above, shall be con sidered as due form the first day of the mouth within which the occupation may taka place, in order to avoid all calculations founded on days less than a month. Hence no credit will be allowed a State for any payment previously made to the federal government, or its officers, for any part of a month within which the i State shall have been occupied by the Ameri can forces. In the States already so occupied, the assessments will be considered as having commence I with the present month, and be demanded accordingly. 6. In payment of the money-assessment, any State mar substitute, in whole or in part, at a fair valuation, with the consent of the United States commanding officer therein, | such articles of subsistence and forage as may be found convenient to the two parties. 6. On the failure of any State to pay its as sessment, its functionaries, as above, will he ; seized and imprisoned, aud their property seized, registered, reported, and converted, to the use of the occupation, district accordance to tkar general regulations of this army. No resignation .or abdication of office by any of the said Mexican functionaries shall excuse one of t£em from any of the abeve obligation? | | or penalities. 7. If the foregoing measures should fail 1o inforcc the regular payment, as above, from any State, the commanding officer ot th* Uni- | ted States’ forces, within the same, will im- j mediately proceed to collect, in money or in i kind, from the wealthier inhabitants, oth r , than neutral friends, within his reach, the a mount of the assessment due from the State— taking care, always, to make the collection as equitably and savinglv as practicable, and t) report the amount forcibly levied to the next j superior officer of this army. Aay waste or ii. nmi i ini I, llm.—-, wanton injury committed in these operations, as well as all fraud and corruption shall be vigorously prosecuted before a tribunal of the army. 8. With a view to a vigorous accountabili ty, receipts in payment of assessments, wheth er in money or in kind (the latter expressed in money, according to valuation) will be signed by some quartermaster, commissary or paymaster of this army, named by the com manding officer within a State, and be duly attested by the latter who w ill also keep a re gister of all such payments. The amount of those payments and of forced levies, will be reported monthly, to general headquarters, as well as to Washington, (see General Orders, No. 336, of the 6th in-h.,) both by the receiv ers and the attesting and commanding officers within the several States. 9. The usual dues, heretofore levied on the precious metals, in the interior, by the Fede ral Government of Mexico will be continued and collected for the military chest of tins army. Commanding officers near the mines, assay offices and mints, respectively, will in quire and report to general headquarters on the subject; hut until further orders the fol lowing rate will be exacted : IQ. On production of both gold and silver, three ] er centum; on melting, $‘J 60 for every 135 marks—the mark of eight ounce, on as saying, £1 the bar for bars of silver, or si 50 each f>r bars of gold or of gold and silver mixed, and on coinage the per centage on both metil* heretofore paid by the mints respec tively, according to contract with the Mexican Government. Those contracts in every ease wall be particularly examined. The one real per mark on both gold and silver, heretofore paid to tire College of Mines in this city, is relinquished to that scicutifie institution, and j may collect as usual, 11. It is understood that the collection of the dues on production, melting and assaying, may lie made at the assay offices, and thty | will be demanded and received accordingly.—• The three per ccntage on coinage will be col lected for this army at the mint. At both f j places officers of intelligence and accurate ha bits of inspection will be appointed from time to time to giv : the necessary attendance. 12. The like penalties, receipts, attestations, registers and reports are prescribed in respect , to dues on the precious metals as are pre ! scribed above for other contributions in money or in kind, and the former will commence also at the same periods and under like circum stances —that is, in the Mexican States already occupied by the American forces from the first in-tan l- , and in other States from the begin ning of the months within which the States ; shall be respectively entered and occupied. 13. The American troops in spreading themselves cv t this Republic will take o» ! a , to observe the strictest discipline anti morals in re ;pect to Tie pejrs .ns and pron< Fly of the country —purchasing and paying for necessa ries and comforts they may re juire, and treat - i ing the unoffending inhabitants with forbear ance and kindness. The higher honor of our ! country, as weil as the particular honor of this • army, must and shall be maintained among-.t | the few r miscreants in our ranks. The few cannot be permitted to dishonor the whole mass of our citizens and soldiers at home and abroad. The miscreants must therefore be watched, and for every offence denounced and sent before the proper tribunals for exemplary punishment. This is required of every good officer amis ddier. Men free at home, main-t tin the honor ot freemen when abroad. Jf they forget that,, they will degrade them selves to the level of felons and slaves, an i may be rightfully condemned and treated as such; for felons according to the laws of God and man, are slaves. The laws of war will also be strictly observ ed towards all Mexicans in arms, who rcsoei t i those laws. For tiu treatm nit of those atro cious bancs of guerrilleros and tr ued ranche ios. see General orders No. 372, dated the ! 12th inst. I) v command of Maj. G an. Scott : 11. L. SCOTT, A. A. A. G. Office or C nr. ahu Mii.itart Governor, ) National Palace, Dec. 30, 1817. ) On and after the first day ot January, 1818, three gaming houses will ho license 1 and re cognized as lawful in the city of Mexico, F ieh oic of lu-se will pay in advance, a monthly tax of 8:500, and all other gaming hou or, are positively prohibited, , Alter the specific date all personal property found in any house nr place in which public i gaming, without license is detected, and all money and property employed in such unli censed public gaming house, will be confisca ted, and the persons so detectc I will be sub jet t to imprisonment for thirty days, and to be fined according to circumstances, from fifty to two hundred dollars. By the GoA-ernor. R. I*. HAMMOND, Sec’y. &c. [f\ rporle •' for the If-ifti more Sit »». j THIRTIE nirCXGRESS—First session. AVasuisgtoh, Jan 21, 1843. bFNATF. A message was received from the House of Representatives, communicating the death of | the Hon. J. AV. Hornbeck, a representative from Pennsylvania. Mr, Cameron then pronounced a brief and ■ i appropriate eulogy on the character of the de ceased, an I the Senate a Ijournei till Monday, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. A resolution to close debate in committed of the whole* on the bill for the relief of Mary Brown, in two hours after going into commit tee, was offered by Air, Rockwell, of Connec ticut, Air, Holmes, of South Corolina, moved an amendment, making two hours limit debate in committee on all private bills, The Speaker decided that the motion wm not in older, as it proposed to changea stand } ing rule of the House, Mr. Henley moved to proceed to the con sideration. of the business on the Speaker’s table. Mr. Rockwell, of Connecticut, moved to go into committee of the whole on private cal- £' endar. * . The Speaker said the first business would be the bills -from .the Senate—and two or three, of private character, were read twice and re ferred. Home bills, which had passed the commit* i tee of the whole, for the relief of sundry per sons, were then taken up—and the bill for the relief of Robert Roberts, led to a debate, in which Messrs. Rockwell, of Connecticut, Pol lock, and Sim«, and others, participated. It was finally referred to the Committee on j Claims, with instructions to report from what lund it shall be paid. On motion of Mr. Rockwell, of Conn., the House went into Com grit tee of the AVhole on the private calendar. Hr. Sehcnek in the £ Chair, and took up the bill granting a pension to Mary Brown, widow o t Jacob Brown, a , revolutionary soldier, and step-mother of Ma | j°r Brown, who was killed opposite Matamo ros. Mr. Stewart addressed the Committee, and was followed by Mr. Atkinson of A'a., both i in opposition to the bill, and to special iegisla i tion in such, cases. Mr. King of Mass., and Mr. Johnson of Ar j kansa-, supported the bill, and referred to the present case as one peculiarly entitled to spe cial legislation. Mr. Boydfeu of N. C., followed. The gen tleman from Virginia (Mr. Atkinson.) would : yote to empty the Treasury to carry on the , war against Mexico, and yet Avould rote to