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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
~IaMES GARDNER, JR.
ITERXVXS.
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LECTURE ON AMERICA,
By the Bari of Carlisle.
NBW TOBK.
I thought this, the commercial and fash
ionable, though not the political capital of the
Union, a very brilliant city. To give the best
idea of it, 1 should describe it as something of
a fusion between Liverpool and Paris —crowd-
ed quays, long perspectives of vessels and
masts, bustling streets, gay shops, tall white
houses, and a clear brilliant sky overhead.
There is an absence of solidity in the general
m jjfigpearance, but in some of the new buildings
they are successfully availing the nselves of
~ their ample resources in white marble and
At the point of the Battery, where
ffiplfee lohg thoroughfare of Broadway, extending
Vsome miles, pushes its green fringe into the
P? wide harbor of New York, with its glancing
» waters and graceful shipping, and the limber,
long raking masts, which look so different
from our own, and the soft swelling outline of
the receding shores, it has a special character
and beauty of tie own. I spent about a month
heie very pleasantly; the society appeared to
me on the whole to have a less solid and really
refined character than that of Boston, but
there is more of animation, gaiety, and spar
kle in the daily life. In point as hospitality,
neither could outdo the other. Keeping to
my rule of only mentioning names which
already belong to fame, I may thus distin
guish the late Chancellor Kent, whose corn
el' mentaries are well known to professional rea
ders. He had been obliged, by what I think
the very unwise law of the State of New York,
T to retire from his high legal office at the pre
p* mature age of sixty, and there I found him at
seventy-eight, full of animation and racy vig
ou', which, combined with great simplicity,
a, made his conversation most agreeable; Wash
er ington Irving, a well known name both to
America and English ears, whose nature
'•» appears as gentle and genial as his works —I
H cannot well give higher praise; Mr. Bryant, in
high repute as a poet, and others.
In no part of the world have I ever seen
places of refreshment so attractive —every one
seems to eat oysters all day long. What sig
nifies more, the public institutions and schools
are there also extremely well conducted. The
ohurches of the different denominations are
▼ery numerous and well filled. It is my wish
to touch very lightly upon any point which
among us, among even some of us now here,
may be matter of controversy: I, however,
honestly think that the experience of the U.
States does not as yet enable them to decide on
either side the argument between the Estab
lished and voluntary systems in religion; take
the towns by themselves, and I think the
voluntary principle appears fully adequate to
satisfy all religious exigencies; then it must be
remembered that the class which makes the
main difficulty elsewhere, scarcely, if at all,
exists in America. It is the blessed privilege
of the U. States, and it is one which goes very
far to counterbalance any drawbacks at which
I may have to hint, that they really have not,
as a class, any poor among them. A real beg
gar is what you never see. On the other hand,
over the immense tract of territory, the volun
tary system has not sufficed to produce suffi
cient religious accommodation, it may, how
ever, be truly questioned, whether any estab
lishment would be equal to that function.
This is, however, one among the many ques
tions which the republican experience of
America has not yet solved. As matters stand,
at present, indifference to religion cannot be
fairly laid to her charge; probably religious
extremes are pushed further than elsewhere;
there certainly is a breadth and universality of
religious liberty which I do not regard with
out some degree of envy. * [Applause]
PHILADELPHIA.
Upon my progress southward, I made a com
paratively short halt at Philadelphia. This
fair city has not the animation of New York,
but it is eminently well built, neat and clean
beyond parallel. The streets are all at right
angles with each other, and bear the names of
different trees of the country. The houses are
of red brick, and mostly have white marble
steps, and silver knockers, all looking bright;
and shining under the effect of copious and
perpetual washing. It stilt seems like a town
constructed by Quakers, who were its original
founders, but by Quakers who had become
rather dandified. Tne waterworks established
here are deservedly celebrated; each house can
have at much water as it likes, within and
without, at every moment, for about 18s. a
year. I hope our towns will be emulous of
this great advantage.
I think it right to say that, in our general
arrangements for health and cleanliness, we
appear to me very much to excel the Ameri
cans, and our people look infinitely healthier,
stouter, rosier, and jollier. The great piopor
tion of Americans with whom you converse
would be apt to tell you they were dyspeptic;
whether principally from the dry quality of
their atmosphere, the comparatively little ex
ercise which they take, or the rapidity with
which they accomplish their meals, I will not
take upon myself to pronounce. There is one
point of advantage which they turn to ac
count, especially in all their new towns, which
is, that their immense command of space
enables them to isolate every house, and thus
secure an ambient atmosphere,tor venullation.
In my first walk through Pniladelphia, I pas
ed the glittering white marble portico of a
great banking establishment, which, after the
recent crash which it hail sustained, made me
think of whited sepulchres.
Near, it was a pile, with a respectable old
English appearanoe, of far nobler associations;
this was the State House, where the Declara
tion of American Independence was signed,
one of the most pregnant acts of which history
bears record. It contains a picture of William
Penn and a statue of Washington. While I
waa there, a sailor from the State of Maine
with a very frank and jaunty air, burst into
the room , and, in a glow of ardent patriotism,
inquired, “Is this the room in which the De
claration of Independence was signed?” When
he heard that I was an Englishman, he seem
ed with real good feeling to be afraid that he
had grated on my feelings, and told me that
in the year 1814, our flag had waved over the
two greatest capitals in the world, Washing
ton and Paris. I looked with much interest
\at the great model prison of the separate sys
tem. I was favourably impressed with all that
met the eye; but I refrain from entering upon
the vexed question of comparison bet ween this
and the ailent and other systems, as I feel how
much the solution must depend upon that
gft recurring experience.
The poor house, like that at New York, is
built and administered on a very costly scale,
and also had a great proportion of foreigners
as inmates, and of the foreigners a great part
are Irish. This seems to enhance the munifi
cence of the provision for destitution; at the
same time it is not to be forgotten that the
foreign labor is an article of nearly essential
necessity to the progress of the country. On
the only Sunday which I spent in Philadelphia.
I went to a church which was not wanting in
associations; the communion plate had been
given by Queen Anne, and I sat in the pew of
Gen. Washington. I was told by some one
that his distinguished contemporary, Chief
Justice Marshall, said that, in contradiction to
what was ofen thought, he was a man of de
cided genius; but he was such a personifica
tion of wisdom, that he never put anything
forward which the occasion did not absolutely
require. It seemed to me that there was at
Pniladelphia a greater separation and exclu
siveness in society, more resemblance to what
would be called a fashionable class in Euro
pean cities, than I had found in America else
where.
CHARLESTON.
I spent a fortnight at Charleston. This
town and state may be looked upon as the
head-quarters of the slave-holding interest. I
am bound to say that I spent my time there
very pleasantly; there was much gaiety and
unbounded hospitality.
I have made no disguise of what my opin
ions upon slavery were, are and ever must be ;
but it would be uncandid to deny that the
planter in the southern states has much more
in his manners and more of intercourse that
resembles the English country gentleman
than any other class of his countrymen ; he is
more easy, companionable, fond of country
life, and out of door pursuits. While I was
willing not to shut my eyes to any of the more
favorable external symptoms or mitigations
of slavery, other indications could not come
across my path without producing deep re
pugnance. On the very first night of my ar
rival I heard the deep sound of a curfew bell;
on inquiry I was told that afeer it had sound
ed every night about 9 o’clock, no colored
person, slave or free, mark that, must be seen
in the streets. One morning, accordingly, I
saw a great crowd of colored persons in the
street, and I found they were waiting to see
a large number of their color, who had been
taken up the night before on their return
from a ball, escorted in their ball dresses from
the gaol to the court house. Indeed it was
almost principally with relation to the free
blacks that the anomalous and indefensible
working of the system appeared there to devel
op itself. I was told that the slaves themselves
looked down upon the free blacks, and called
then rubbish. I must not omit to state that I
saw one slave auction in the open street, aris
ing from the insolvency of the previous own
er; a crowd stood round the platform, on
which sat the auctioneer; and beside him
were placed in succession the lots of from one
to five negroes. The families seemed to be all
put up together, but I imagine they must often
be separated ; they comprised infants and all
ages. As far as I could judge, they exhibi
ted great indifference to their changing des
tiny.
CUBA.
How enchanting to the senses at least were
the three weeks i spent in Cuba ! How my
memory turns to its picturesque scenes and
balmy skies. During my wnole stay, the
thermometer scarcely varied from 76 to 78
deg. in the shade. I am disposed to wonder
that these regions are not more resorted to by
our country for enjoyment of life and escape
from death. No .fling was ever so unlike
either Europe or America as the Havana; at
least I had never been in Spain, the mother
country, which I suppose it most resembles.
The courts of the gleaming white houses have
a Moorish look, the interiors are much cover
ed with arabesques, and on the outside to
wards the street they have immense open
spaces for windows, in which they generally
find it superfluous to put any glass ; the car
riages are called volantes, and look as if they
had been intended to carry Don Quixotte.—
Then how delicious it used to be, late in the
evening, under a moonlight we can scarcely
imagine, to sit in the square called the Place
of Arms, where, in a space flanked by some
gleaming palm trees and four small fountains,
a gay crowd listened to the excellent music
. from the Spanish military band. It is cer
tainly the handsomest town I saw in the New
World, and gives a great idea of the luxury
and splendor of Spain in her palmy days.—
1 The billiard-rooms and ice-saloons streamed
!. with light; the great theatre-is as large and
brilliant as almost any in Europe. Again,
how full of interest were some visits I paid in
the interior both in Spain and American
households.
Among the houses I visited was the sugar
estate of one of the chief creole nobles of the
island —(I do not know whether my hearers
will be aware that the proper meaning of a
Creole is a person of European descent born in
America.) I was treated there with the most
refined and courteous hospitality ; and what
a view it was from the terrace of golden corn
fields, and fringing woods and azure sea 1 The
treatment of the domestic slaves appeared
kind and affectionate, and all the negro chil
dren on the estate repeated their catechism to
the priest, and were then brought in to dance
and romp in the drawing room. Generally
there does not appear to be the same amount
of repulsion between the white and colored
races as in the United States, and there is the
pleasant spectacle of their being mixed to
gether in the churches. Still the crying con
clusive fact remains, that the average negro
population died off in ten years, and had to
be recuited by continuous importations, which
are so many breaches of the solemn treaties be
tween Spain and us. On one coffee estate
wnich I visited —and generally the coffee cul
tivation is far lighter than that of the sugar
cane—a still darker shade was thrown upon
the system, as I was told from a most authen
tic source, that there was great difficulty in
preventing mothers from killing their off
spring. General Valdez, who was captain
general of the island during my visit, is thought
to have exerted himself honestly in putting
down the slave tr ide. I believe it has been
as much encouraged as ever under some of
his successors.
NEW OB.LEA.NB.
The good I have to say of New Orleans
must be chiefly confined to tha St. Charles
Hotel, which is the most splendid of its kind
that I saw in the United States. When it is
at its full compliment, 560 dine there every
day, 350 of whom sleep in the house ; there
are 160 servants, 7 French cooks; all the wai
ters whites, Irish, English, French, German,
American. The very intelligent proprietor
of the hotel told me he thought the Irish
made the best; he had them altogether every
day at noo when they go through a regular
drill, and rehearse the service of a dinner. I
went from New Orleans to Louisville, on
board the Henry Olay steamer, 1,500 miles;
which lasted six days. The first 1,100 miles
were on the Mississippi.
Capture op a Boa Constrictor. —A citizen
of Liberia, in Africa, captured a boa 19 feet in
length. In hunting deer, he approached a
hill, the top of which broke in, and a loud
puffing noise, he looked down and saw the
monster. Immediately he stopped up the
holes —one of them with his overcoat, and re
turning home, constructed a box 12 feet in
length, in which he designed catching it. He
took with him a fork, enlarged one of the
holes, and then stuck one end of the box
into it. He then built a large fire in the other
hole, which soon drove the serpent into the
box. She had 44 young ones, a number of
which folio ,ved her into the box. One of the
young ones was sold to Capt. Forsyth, of this
city, for $50 —it was 12 feet long. The old
one was reserved for Dr. Hall, at $l5O. —
Philadelphia Timet,
(From the Neto York Journal of Commerce .)
Water Gas in France. —lt appears by the
following letter from a correspondent, that a
water gas invention or discovery has been made
in Paris; whet her suggested by the original an
nouncement of Paine’s discovery or not,we are
unable to say. We judge, however, that the
French process is more available for the pro
duction and use of hydrogen than Mr. Paine’s.
The importance which our correspondent
[who is not our regular correspondent] at
taches to the discovery, we hope will prove
not to be exaggerated; though in regard to
such improvements,until thoroughly tested by
experiment, we have learned not to be over
sanguine. Making,however, all properfallow
ance for the chances of failure in practice, on
a large scale, both in this French invention
and, that of Mr. Paine, which, though similar,
appear not to be the same, we think they
strongly indicate the impolicy of making any
contract by which this city shall be prevented
from availing itself of the benefits of all new
imprevements, and the cheap prices resulting
therefrom.
Paris, 18th December, 1850
Having been present, by invitation, at an
exhibition to attest the merits of a recent re
markable invention, I was so much interested
that I determined to give you some account
of it. There were present quite a number of
Americans, among others the Secretary of the
Legation, and I believe they all expressed
themselves highly gratified.
The process of making pure gas from water
has been discovered! The problem is solved.
We saw proofs in abundance that a most bril
liant white light, and intense heat,can be pro
duced from it with perfect ease and the great
est economy. Not to annoy your readers with
technical details, it is sufficient to say-—that
by the decomposition of water , by a simple and
cheap process, pure hydrogen gas is produced,
which can be conveyed in pipes and employed
in precisely the same way as ordinary gas.
Upon turning a stop-cock and applying a
match it burns instantly with a bluesh fiame,
not unlike alcohol. Tnis is it natural state,
and'l believe Mr. Paine,of whose failures we
have heard, succeded thus far. The dime is
changed to a white color, by means so simple
that it appears fabuloua —it is in fact the
crowning point of the invention.
Imagine a thin filigree hoop of plalina, shap
ed like the wick of a mechanical or solar lamp,
about three quarters of an inch high, to be fit
ted to an ordinary gas burner. When this is
in place, its w hole surface is dazzlingly white,
and gives a light, it is estimated, equal to fif
teen candles. Tne height of this netted tube
cannot be increased,but its diameter can be en
larged to any extent, and the light of course
in the same proportion. There is no sensible
fiame —no smoke —not the smallest odor. It
does not dicker, and in all these particulars,
possesses an immense advantage over coal gas.
There is no humbug about it. It was before
our eyes burning blue without the piatina ap
paratus —changing to white upon contact with
j it. You can turn it on or off—use little or
j much at your convenience.
But another of its properties is, that you
can heat your house, and cook by it! We saw
a small affair resembling a fire place, upon
turning on the gas, a metallic bar, about a
foot long, pierced with'holes, emitted a bluisn
flune, the heat of which was immediately
felt. There being no chimney, this was very
natural. The air in an apartment is heated
directly, whereas by the ordinary methods the
far greater portion escapes. It is supposed
that in an ordinary chimney that only six
parts out of a hundred enter the apartment.
As much heat can be produced by utilizing
the gas in five minutes, as by wood or coal in
an hour and a half! and this at an expense of
less than, one quarter the cost of fuel here.
I We saw water heated in three minutes—and
saw meat cooked. By attaching a gutta per
cha tube,people may conduct their fire when
ever they please, light it at a moment's notice,
avoid the labor of kindling, smoke and ashes.
Particular attention was directed by the
1 gentlemen present to the effect upon the
health and lungs. It is asserted to be a moist
i heat. Upon holding a white plate over a
! burner, it was very soon covered with vapor
| and not the least discoloration could be per
! ceived. Its friends claim for it the highest
place on the score of healthfulness. On that
point I give no opinion. Chemists will readi
| ly tell of its inevitable effect as it is governed
| by fixed laws.
En resume—water gas appears to combine
these advantages. It is covenient, clean, la
bor-saving, without smoke or smell —being a
fixed light, pleasant to the eye, and cheap.
This experience took place at the works of
the company, were it is manufactured on a
large scale. We saw no “square box” with
its hidden interior—no secrets. It was ex
plained so clearly by the inventor, that the
merest tyro in chemistry could understand it.
In Paris, where contracts have been passed
. for long periods, its progress will be slow; but
in America—in New York particularly, where
gas is dear and poor, this invention will ac
quire a rapid expansion. It is a revolution! to
have light and warmth as easily as you now
have Croton water. It would be easy to spec
ulate upon the thousand practical uses to
which this element may be applied—we must
regard it as of vast public importance, if only
as destined to ameliorate the condition of the
poor in our large cities. Let the freezing
multitudes bless God. In this age of improve
ment the most incredulous are astonished.
I regret that an American has not the
honor of this invention. It wiß remain for
our countrymen to apply it, and extehd it,
and use it, as they do the Telegraph and all
other valuable improvements.
This subject having excited some interest
in Amerfca, I have written the foregoing.
Yours, truly, S. H.
Wild Cat —The famous Indian chief, who
has formed a settlement in Mexico, has been
appointed, we see, a Justice of the Peace by
the Mexican Government. He recently took
with him from Arkansas a number of negroes
and indiams. They are to have implements of
husbandry, and a certain portion of land given
them, on condition that they cultivate it and
obey the laws. Another object is to defend
the Mexican frontier from the incursions of
the Camanches. This settlement may yet be
a matter of some importance to Texas if a
large body of free negroes and indians should
be settled near our western boundary. They
should be watched by the military stationed
in Texas, and for the first attempt to commit
depredations, in our state, should be severely
punished. It is intimated that a scheme is
on foot to increase the settlement by running
slaves from Texas.
If Wild Cat should attempt to establish a
rendezvous for runaways on the border of Tex
as, similar to that which existed in the Semi
nole nation under the renowned Este-luste
chief, Abranam, previous to the war of 1836,
he will soon find his new home too hot for him.
The facilities affords ’•unaway negroes for in
corporating themselves with the Indians, and
the protection given to them by the nation,
was a source of much annoyance to the States
of Alabama and Georgia as well as Florida.—
A negro who succeeded in making his way
to the nation, adopted their dress and lan
guage, and in the space of a few months be
came so thoroughly barbarianized that it was
almost impossible for his owner to identify
him. They found the indolent habits of the
savages much to their taste, and soon became,
the most influential characters and the expert
est thieves in the nation. They of course all
had nominal owners among the Indians, who
had as little regard for the rights of property
or the requirements of the Constitution, as
the Abolitionists themselves. — Sav. News , 14 th
inst.
THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
2Utigttota, ©forflia.
THURSDAY MORNING, JAN- 16-
More Peace Measures-
We are indebted, we presume, to the pub
lisher of the Boston Chronotype, for a copy of
that paper of the 17th ult. Ic is a neat sheet
in typographical appearance, and is doubtless
a favorite with, that Godly, and law-abiding
people, the Bostonians.
This number contains the appendix to Mr.
Spooner’s “ Defence for Fugitive Slaves," and
nearly a column of laudatory paragraphs of
it from newspapers, and letters of prominent
men in the North, The subject is introduced
by editorial remarks of which the follow
ing is a portion:
ABOLITION OF BLAVERY IN THE BTATES, BY THE
GENERAL GOVERNMENT.
To the Bar of the United States :
To-diy we commence a systematic move
ment, having for its object to give a new in
terpretation to the Constitution of the United
States—an interpretation that shall enable the
General Government to abolish slavery in the
States.
We have no manner of doubt that this in
terpretation is the true one, and that the con
trary has obtained only through ignorance and
fraud. And we propose to bring this question
to the test of the highest legal tribunal in the
c untry — the bar of the country —a tribunal
that controls, and necessarily must control,
the constitutional opinions of courts, con
gresses, and people.
With this view we commence to-day, to
strike off twenty odd thousand copies of the
first chapter of the Appen lix of Mr. Spooner’s
“ Defence tor Fugitive Slaves." This chapter
contains a brief summary of the arguments
that prove that slavery neither has, nor ever:
had, any constitutional or legal existence in
this country, and that the General Govern
ment has power to abolish it. We propose to
send a copy of this chapter, to each of the
lawyers, whose names are given in Livings
ton’s “Lawyer’s Directory," numbering nine
teen thousand five hundred, and also to the
editors generally throughout the country.
This “ systematic movement" looks prema
ture. It is running ahead of the schedule as
prepared by the anti-slavery folks in Con
gress. Such indiscreet zeal may defeat the
whole project, as it does not allow time lor
the “ Union at all hazards" party in the South
to adapt itself to this “ new interpretation " of
the powers of the General Government.
According to the anti-slavery programme,
as we have hitherto understood it, the next
thing in order was the abolition of slavery in
the District of Columbia. This would not
come with such a startling shock as the above
bold proposition. The Union party of Geor
gia has half way invited abolition in the Dis
trict by its shuffling and dodging when it was
proposed to make such a step an ultimatum
justifying a disruption of the ties which bind
us to the Union. This premature move for
abolishing slavery in the States should have
the effect of strengthening the hands of the
Southern Rights party in resisting all en
croachments, great or small, in future.
When thß Compromise measures were pass
ed, a distinguished Northern Senator in Con
gress remarked, “ This is the first step gained
by the North towards the abolition of slavery.”
“ Yes," significantly replied another, “ but it
is not the last."
The projected election of Charles Sumner, an
enthusiastic Free-soiler by the Legislature of
Massachusetts, for six years, looks like ap
proaching one more step. How highly that
election must delight the patrons of the Boston
Chronotype .
The Boston Museum.
A gentleman of this city, a native Georgian,
recently returned from a professional visit to
Boston, relates to us that he saw in the Boston
Museum a group of wax figures as large as
life, consisting of the following :
A Negro woman stripped nake 1 downwards
to the waist, kneeling,—at her feet a little
negro child also kneeling with its hands up
lifted, in the attitude of supplication, and
near them a white man with a cow-hide brand
ished. Over this kneeling group stands a
negro man, to represent a plantation driver ,
holding in his uplifted hand, a cat o'nine tails
streaming with blood.
Next to these is another negro woman like
wise stripped, and kneeling as if supplicating
for mercy, or waiting her turn to be whipped.
Over the entire group is the following pla
card :
THE PECULIAR INSTITUTION ILLUSTRATED.
This shows the pains that are taken to con
vey distorted and talse impressions of the
South, and to inflame Northern passions
against the Southern people as cruel and in -
human tyrants.
If Northern dens of iniquity, filth and de
gradation, of squalid poverty and starvation,
were daguerreotyped and exhibited at the
South as fair pictures of Northern society,
moralj, and humanity, the entire voice of the
North would resound to Heaven in indignant
denunciation of the caricature.
When public sentiment at Boston tolerates
and the public taste enjoys such exhibitions,,
as we have above described, the treatment oi
Hughes and Knight is perfectly explicable. It
does not now seem strange that an abolition
ist should be elected by Massachusetts in the
person of Charles Sumner, to occupy the seat
once adorned by Daniel Webster in the Senate
of the United Stat es.
An Aged Couple at the Altar. —On Sun
day, the 15th ult., in the Floating Chapel of
the Redeemer, at Philadelphia, the Rev. Mr.
Traper, the Rector, joined in the bonds of
wedlock a couple whose united ages amounted
to U 5 years. The bridegroom was sixty, and
is the oldest gunner’s mate in the United
States service. The bride was 55, and had
been married twice before.
Panorama of Cuba.
This interesting work of art was exhibited
in this city last evening for the last time.
It is to be removed hence to Savannah, where
we bespeak for it that patronage due to its in
trinsic merit. It pourtrays with life-like and
graphic power, many of the most attractive
scenes of that beautiful island, so appropriate
ly called “The Queen of the Antilles." Its
handsome cities, and fine harbors, its frown
ing fortresses, its picturesque shores washed
by old ocean’s wild surges, its swelling hills
dotted by beautiful country seats, its towering
mountains, its sheltered coves, where the buc
caneers in past times were wont to find secure
hiding places, its highly cultivated sugar and
coffee estates, with the exuberant tropical
growth of fruit and flower, clumbering vine
and stately forest tree —all pass in successive
review before the charmed eye of the specta
tor. They comprise a series of varied and
deeply interesting scenes, and convey to the
mind distinct and lasting impressions that
combine mest agreeably the useful with the
beautiful. Mr. Loomis, the artist, has sketch*
ed from nature, and the accuracy of the views
may be relied upon.
An additional attractive feature in this Pa
norama is the portrayal of some familier
scenes in the habits and social life of the
Cubans.
Should the subject of the annexation of
Cuba enter into the next canvass for President,
we predict a wonderful run in this country of
Loomis’ Panorama.
It is a pity so fair and fertile a spot of earth
should be subjected to the grinding oppres
sions of the corrupt and degenerate govern
ment of Old Spain.
Richmond Superior Court-
This Court commenced its regular January
session on Monday last, Judge Starnes presi
ding.
Considerable progress has already been made
in the business. The Attorney General has
not yet made his appearance, which may cause
some delay in the Criminal business of tie
Court. The frequent absences of this officer
from this Court, and his frequent failures to
attend other Courts of this circuit, have attract
ed attention, and we deem it a public duty to
notice the fact. His failure to attend, may, in
the present instance, be for a good reason, but
if so, the Court has received no notification
of it.
The Hungarian Musical Society.
It will be seen by advertisement, will give a
Concert in this city on To-morrow Evening.
We have seen flattering notices of their per
formance, in the Charleston papers.
Shifwreck and Loss of Life. —The brig
Etrurian, Sherwood master, from Darien, Gu.,
for New-York, was capsized in a gale of wind
on the 4th January, about II o'clock at night,
in lat, 36 20, lon. 74. The crew and passen
gers remained on the wreck two days and two
nights. The Captain’s wife and one man per
ished . The survivors were finally taken off
by the brig Richmond, Capt. McKenzie, from
Savannah, bound to New-York.
Indiana.—U. S. Senator. Jesse D. Bright
has been.elected U. S. Senator from Indiana
on the first ballot.
The Quitman Case. Dispatches from
Washington state that official information has
been received at the State Department, that
Judge Gholson will immediately issue his
warrant for the arrest of General Quitman, on
the charges preferred against him by the Fed
eral Government, for his participation in the
Cuba business. No action, therefore, will be
had in thu H ouse of Representatives in rela
tion to Judge Gholson’s contumacy.
Officers of the U. S. Ship Marion Safe,
—The Norfolk Argus has received a dispatch
from a reliable source in Washington city, an
nouncing the gratifying intelligence that ad
vices had been received at the Navy Depart
ment stating that none of the officers or crew
of the Marion were on board the Spanish war
vessel Donna Maria, at Macao, 29th October,
at the time of the blowing up of that vessel,
and that all were safe.
Vote for Major General—l2th Dlv-, G- M.
T.O.Barron. J. W, Dodd. E,M Galt. J.H.Rice.
Cass 51 73 187 685
Chattooga ...3 72 16 429
Cherokee 7 2 324 639
Dade .......00......15.......14......157
F10yd11..•••410.....<..7• •••..217
Gilmer 8 382 274 112
Gordon *.•«. 7•13089......234
Murray 7......45......692 312
Walker 1 204 180 369
Total 95 1,338 1,783 3,154
Statistics of Lowndes County.
Mr. A. Graham, who ha 3 lately finished
taking the census of Lowndes, furnishes ti e
following correct account of the population,
agricultural statistics, &c., of that county :
Number of Families 856
Free Inhabitants 5,359
Slaves
Free Persons of color 20
Total 7^734
Number of deaths during the last year.. 60
Os whom 21 were slaves.
Marriages within the year 44
In the part of Clinch county, formerly
Lowndes, there are 76 families, 528 free inhab
itants, and 129 slaves, making the total popu
lation in what was Lowndes county before
the last Legislature, 8,351.
r AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS.
Value of personal property, (including ne
groes at SSOO each .....$ i 589 776
Aggregate value real estate .. 790,000
f otal * ; $2,379,776
iNumber of acres improved land,. 37,751
" “ “ unimproved 438,664
lorn ’n Uo7i Mules, 456 ; M *lch Cows.
iz.073; Oxen, 264; other cattle, 26,334:
£heep, 10.716 ; Swine, 35,059. Value of Live
Stock, $368,560. Bushels of Indian Corn,
222,495 ; Wheat 802, only. Bales of Cotton,
2,914.
Commercial Insurance Comp’ y.— The books
for subscription to this Company, which have
been open for two days, were closed yester
day. Ten thousand shares were required to
be subscribed, by the charter, as the capital of
the Company. The desire to obtain stock,
however, was such as to induce a much larger
subscription, and 24,467 shares were sub
scribed for. An apportionment will of course
be made by the Commissioners, under the
law. — Ch. Courier , 1 5th imt.
(Reported for the Baltimore Clipper.)
Thirty-First Congress—Second Session
Washington, Jan. 11, 1851.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Mr. Phelps introduced a bill granting the
right of way and portion of the public lands,
to aid in the construction of a railroad from a
point near St. Louis to a point near Little
Rock; which was appropriately referred.
Mr. Daniel made an ineffectual effort to taka
up private bills.
On motion of Mr. Potter, the House resolv
ed itself into a Committee of the Whole on the
State of the Union, and resumed the consid
era ion of the bill to reduce and modify the
rates of postage,
Mr. Phelps spoke in favor of a postage of
three cents prepaid, and five cents when not
prepaid, on a single letter,
Mr. Matterson advocated the circulation of
papers within forty miles of their place of pub
lication free of pc stage, expressed himself op
posed to the abolition of the franking priv
ilege, and would go for the cheapest postage
which he could obtain.
Mr. Dunham was willing to vote for a uni
form five cent rate on*letters. If this should
succeed, a still further modification could be
made. He, too, was opposed to the franking
privilege.
Without voting on any of the numerous
propositions pending, the committee rose and
the House adjourned.
The Earl of Carlisle (Lord Morpeth) in his
lecture on his travels in the United States, re
cently delivered at Leeds, in England, made a
mis-statement, which is thus corrected in the
Annapolis Republican:
“ His Lordship, in speaking of the tomb of
Washington, and after exhausting the powers
of witticism in the description of th s last rest
ing place of the greatest of mankind, says,
‘ the Senate once procured the consent of tho
family to have the body removed to the Capi
tol, when a brick layer, a laborer and a cart
arrived to take it off one morning, at which
the indignation of the family naturally rose.’
“So foul a libel upon our Government
should not be allowed to pass uncontradicted,
and upon the authority of a person cognizant
of the facts, we undertake to state them as
they really exist.
“ Congress, and not the Senate, alone, as
the Lordly lecturer says, did pass such a re
solution requesting the family of Washington
to allow his remains to be deposited in the
Capitol at Washington in a tomb to be pre
oared for their reception. At that time Mr.
John A. Washington, was the proprietor of •
Mount Vernon. The resolutions of Congress
were transmitted to him, and in anticipation
of his assent, a handsome and appropriate
sepulchre was prepared in the basement story
of the Capitol, worthy to be the last resting
place of such a man.
“Mr. Washington, as well as the other
members of the family, was disposed to ac
cede to the request of Congress, and was pre
pared to give his assent, when he found that
all Virginia was up in arms in opposition to a
plan thus to impoverish the State by a re
moval of its most precious treasure. The
feeling in the State was so uniform and earn
est upon the subject, that Mr. Washington
found himself compelled to communicate to
Congress his dissent to their request, whiuh he
did in most appropriate terms.
“ This is a plain history of the transaction.
The vault prepared for Washington may be
yet seen in the Capitol, and the public ar
chives will show the truth of the residue ot
the story. But there never was any such
miserable slight shown by Congress to tie
memory of that man, who is so dear to the
hearts of this people, that they can never al
low any foreign tourist, though his brows
may be decorated by a coronet, and his name
graced by a title, to speak ot him disrespect
fully, without feelings of indignation and re
sentment.
“ Had an opportunity offered, we all know,
that Congress would have shown to the world
that they knew how to display a proper liber
ality whenever the national dignity is in any
manner concerned.”
The Georgia. M. E. Conference. —The
ordination of Elders and Deacons, took place
on Sunday last, Bishop Payne presiding.
The following named persons were ordained
Elders :
Joseph D. Adams, Sam’l. J. Bellah, Wm.
A. Simmons, Eustace W. Speer, Davidson
Williamson, Stephen H. Cooper, James T.
Barton, Edward Q. Andrews, John Breed
love.
The following named persons were ordained
Deacons:
James M. Austin, Thomas A. Beil, John M.
Bright, Josiah H. Clark, Michael A. Clouts,
Wm. R. Foote, Theophilus L. S. Harwell,
Joseph S. Key, Wm. B. McHan, David J*.
Myrick, John C. Simmons, jr., Alfred B.
Smith, Milton C. Smith, Charles W. Thomas"
James B. Dell, Hezekiah T. Bussey, Jackson
Oliver, Emanuel Heidt, Thomas Turner, Jo
seph E. Tooke, Jas. T. May, Jas. H. Stafford
Daniel Sykes, Wilkins H. Nunally, Henrv
Scarborough.— Savannah Georgian, \±th inst.
A private despatch furnished the Chronicle,
dated Savannah, Jan. 14., 1, P. M., says :
The Georgia Annual Conference adjourned
last night, having made the following amon?
other appointments : s
Augusta—Conner, of Charleston.
LaGrange District—Pierce.
Macon—J. E. Evans.
Marietta District—Mana.
Savannah District—Branham.
Augusta Colored Charge—Davis.
FoßElON^O^E^^orC^Rl^oN.-The
exports from Charleston to Foreign Countrie!
during the year 1850. Amounted in their ag-
being an increase
Lr: $ ? lU ’°* a . aml a on those of
if \ 9 848 d U f ° U ' V “ lllion and a half on those
lfc 18 gratifying also that this in
crease of exports has been attended with a
corresponding increase of imports, as will be
seen by the following comparative statement
of the duties collected, on foreign imports,
during the year specified : F
Duties for the year 1850 $533,706 95
T V “lUB 327,893 42
Increase of year 1800 over 1849.. 111.932 27
“ “ M 1800 “ 1840.. 205.813 53
We may further state, that if the goods in
the Public Warehouse had been taken into
consumption, the aggregate amount for the
year would have been considerably over
$600,000, as the quantity of goods similarly
situated at the close of last year, was compar
atively trifling. The evidence which these
results afford of the commercial growth and
prosperity of our city, is just cause of rejoic
ing, and should cheer on our merchants, and
all our citizens, to more vigorous exertions,
to make that growth sure and progressive.—
Mercury.
PLANTING POTATOES & CIDER,
At Private Sale.
1 Ofl ® BLS * planting potatoes
A v/v“ m fine order,
10 bblß. prime Newark CIDER. For sal*
b Y. A- LAFITT*
J*b 1* «