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{ THE constitutionalist.
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AT OUR RISK.
A SEOAR.
When the weather's unpleasant and dreary,
And the night unblest by a star,
How sweet to a smoker, when weary,
Is the breath of a fragrant sear!
What a balm to the spirit, when lonely,
To gaze at the smoke as it flies!
And bright as the dreams, tho’ dreams only,
That with each floating circlet arise !
When cares flesh is heir to perplex us,
And trifles, more harrassingfar,
Arise in our path and sore vex us,
How soothing a fragrant segar 1
If friends should prove false and leave us,
We can pass off the thing with a joke,
Nor allow their desertion to grieve us
But let the wound vanish in smoke.
When riches seem slow in collecting,
And prospects look gloomy as night,
There’s nought like segars for directing
Oir* fancy to visions more bright.
Though life seems unpleasant and weary,
And its path unblest by a star,
Yet the smoker will feel, when he’s weary,
That there’s bliss in a fragrant segar.
[Boston Post.
[Paris correspondence of the Phila. Ledger .)
Trial of Hydrog-en Gas for Lighting;
and Heating.
Paris, December 19, 1850.
I received an invitation the other day tc
•witness the trial of gas manufactured by wa
ter. As this subject has caused much curi
osity in the United States lately, and ended in
what the French call a canard, hoax, it may
be interesting to the readers of the Ledger to
have a complete account of what was pro
nounced by all present a satisfactory solution
of the great question, whether gas, manufac
tured from water, can be used for the purpose
of light and heat. Accordingly, I give every
detail as I witnessed it.
In the environs of Paris is a manufactory.
Entering the premises, we were first shown a
room the size o» an ordinary drawing room, in
which were suspended several burners. The
only d fference in the arrangement from the
ordinary gas-burner was that round each lamp
slime was placed a pla'inum wick, about an
inch and a halt in length, and about an inch
or so in diameter. The flame itself was blue
and dullisn, but by the insert on of the plati
nuai net-work, (.which is round and open at
the_top,jthe pla.inum b-came splendidly lu
minous ; and all the burners together cast
such a light that the tints of blue and green
on paper, which are confounded ordinarily at
night, could be distinguished, and the deli
cate shade of a light straw color adequately
discriminated. Whether the platinum is pre
pared in any special way was not said ; but
the net-work is exceedingly light, and of
course unexpensive. Upon a shelf was a stove
about eighteen inches high and five across, to
which was attached a gas-pipe. This stove
could be carried about, and the small leather
pipe, connected with the main pipe, attached
to it. The stove requires no chimney, for the
gas being free from smoke or color, it can burn
in any room. In a chimney-piace there were
a number of jets of the gas, which gave out a
1 strong heat, capable of being regulated by sim
ply turning them off or on as required.
Iu an adjoining room was a gas heater,
where no flame was perceptible, the heat be
ing conducted from beneath. In a kitchen
was the gas-metre; and there in kitchen range
or oven were placed the different utensils
over gas flames, tne intensity of which could
be regulated by a turning off or on the gas in
the required quantities. The gas pipe of lea
ther was then applied to the hollow handle of
a gridiron, each bar of which was perforated
at equal distances with the holes of the size
of a pin’s point. By a turn of the hand the
gridiron presented a magical appearance; it
flamed up with blue lights, and over them
were placed some mutton chops, which were
expeditiously cooked. While this was going
on, water was being heated by the gas, and
the company was treated to some hot punch.
Injustice to the gridiron, it must be mention
ed, that ic can be turned on its side, and thus
presenting a perpendicular front, it can be
used for roasting. A cook by this means could
place a vertical gridiron on a handsome centre
table, and with a tin-kitchen before it, with
goose, turkey or pig therein, preside over her
work while reading a novel or working a cruels;
for the ordinary stooping, perspiring, fuss and
litter are done away with.
In a word, the most disagreeable household
details, which require despised drudges to per
form, are obviated by this means. Os course
there is no getting in of coal or wood; no dust
or dirt created thereby; no smell; no poisonous
exhalation. Ail you have to do is to have a
pipe from the gas manufactory in your cellar,
’iwith gas conductors as at present, and your
fuel and oil and candles are laid in for year in
and year out. The ordinary dry heat of an
thracite is obviated. The great, the immense
desideration of a moist atmosphere, that in
finite superiority of the European climate over
our own, (Europe being washed on the
North, South, and West, and partially on the
Eat t, by oceans) may perhaps be secured for
thi health of the population in-door by this
means; for the gas being made from water,
resolves itself to water. By putting a china
plate over the flame, I could detect moisture,
and the accretion was palpable. Dry heat is
an enemy to beauty; our women, by common
accord, should have a domestic atmospnere
which may give them the advantages of the
English fog, where ladies are in no hurry to
grow old, the sun being kept out, and the at
mosphere breathed being generally moist. The
parlor and kitchen experiments being over, we
adjourned some one hundred feet to the gas
factory. Here it was shown how it could be
manufactured on a grand scale by a company.
A brick furnace about twelve feet square con
tained the retoit, &c., &c. An ordinary gas
establishment, with a conductor, will answer
for the manufacture of this new agent.
The inventor told me the expense of heating (
a drawing-room was about a sous, one cent a
day. in regard to light, the expense was, he
said, as six to twenty-six in favor of the cheap- .
ness of the water gas over the gas now In use.
I suppose the account will make a fluttering
amon* the gas, not to say the coal conapani s. •
1 give everything as I witnessed it, which as- 1
tonisL id all present. The party present were 1
Mr. Banford, Secretary of the Legation; Mr.
Sykes, of Philadelphia; Mr. Alfred Morse, of c
Philadelphia; Mr. Corey, of Cincinnati; Mr. B. <
Phillips, of Philadelphia; Mr. Haskell, of New i
York, and others; among whom there was but t
one opinion of surprise and admiration. l
As a heating agent, its powers were full i
tested. A room was heated by the gas in a
very short time. The heat of the most agreea
ble kind, as has been before said; the combi
nation with oxygen producing water, and pre
venting that dryness which always accom
panies our furnaces. In this point of view, it
presents immense advantages on the score of
health and economy.
As to the means of the preparation of the
gas;
A number of methods have been suggested
by chemistry, most of them from the cecom
position of water; but all of them have been
heretofore regarded rather as class experi
ments, more interesting as to theory, than ca
pable of a practical application. Mr. Gillard,
by a simple and cheap method, makes pure
hydrogen. Steam is passed into an air-tight
iron retort, exactly like those in gas establish
ments; the bottom of the retort, covered with
a layer of charcoal, to the depth of an inch or
so; the retort is heated to a bright red, and
carbonic acid and hydrogen are produced. The
chemical action is simple; the oxygen of the
water combining with the charcoal, forming
carbonic acid, and passing with the hydrogen
into a chamber containing lime. Here trie
carbonic acid combines with the lime, forming
carbonate of lime, and the pure hydrogen be
ing liberated, passes off. The advantages of
this manufacture over that of coal or oil gas,
in point of method and expense, are too ap
parent to be dwelt upon.
I have given you this account, believing it
would be interesting, and I trust intelligible,
even to those of your readers who are not ac
quainted with chemistry. The apparatus is
so simple that it may be found, with the ex
ception of the platinum wick, in any labora
tory; and the method will, I hope, be put to
the test by some of our scientific friends, so as
to satisfy themselves, and convince the public,
that it is what the inventor claims it to be.
Patents have been <btained for all the coun
tries of Europe, and for the United States; and
in Manchester it is said the work has been
successfully commenced. In the course of a
month a Philadelphia gentleman, now in this
city, will return home with the requisite au
thority from the patentee, to introduce the
manufacture of hydrogen for light, &c. into
the U. States.
(From the Savannah Georgian.')
Minutes of Points
Decided by the Supreme Court, at Savannah,
1 January Term, 1851.
Biggers Mobley and others, Plaintiffs in Er
ror, vs. Jesse Mobley, Defendant in Error.—
Application to revoke letters of dismission to
a Guardian —from Appling.
Held, in this case, that on an application to
revoke letters of dissmission to a Guardian, it
is competent to allege and prove
1. Corruption in the Court granting Letters
Dismissory—
2. Fraud in the Guardian, such as collusion
with a third person, to the injury of the es
tate of the ward.
3. Fraudulent representations, or any
other fraud, before a Court, where the minor
is not represented, is sufficient, if averred, to
be admitted to show anterior fraud.
Judgment of Court below reversed.
W. B. Gaulden, for Plaintiffs in Error.
C. B. Cole, for Defendant in Error.
Elizabeth H. Hopkins, and others, Pl’ffs. in
Error, vs. George Lang, Sr. et al, ex’rs., &c.
&e.. Def’ts. in Error.
The act oi 29th Dec. 1838, which declares
that “ when any person shall die, leaving a
widow, and children, or a widow, or child, it
shall and may be lawful for the Executor or
Administrator thereof, to allow out of the ef
fects of such deceased person, a reasonable
support and maintenance for the space of
twelve months next ensuing, immediately af
ter death of such testator, or intestate, not
withstanding any debts, dues, or obligations
of said testator or intestate,” applies to sol
vent as well as insolvent estates, and is man
datory and not permissive to the Executor or
Administrator. Testators are supposed, in
making their wills, to do so with reference to
this as well as other laws of the land.
Judgment of Court below reversed.
K. M. Charlton and Henry & Ward, for
Plaintiffs in Error.
.JLiaw & Bartow and Lloyd & Owens, for De
fendants in Error.
Arthur, a Slave, Plaintiff in Error, vs. The
State of Georgia, Deiendant in Error. Indict
ment for Murder —from Mclntosh.
1. The act of 14th February, 1850, which
provides for the trial by the Superior Courts
of any slave or free person of color charged
with any capital offence, is constitutional.
2. It is not necessary, on the trial, to aver
in the indictment, the preliminaries of the in
vestigation before the Justice of the Peace,
with their opinion that the slave or free per
son of color has committed a capital offence.
3. The Superior Courts have jurisdiction,
on the trial of a slave or free person of color
for murder, and conviction for a less crime, to
punish for such less crime.
Judgment of Court below affirmed.
Levi S. LeLyon, for Plaintiff in Error.
W. B. Gaulden, Solicitor General, for De
fendant in Error.
Franklin’s Birth Day .—Printer's Grand
festival. — i’he New York Typographical So
ciety celebrated the one hundred and forty
fiith anniversary of the bith-day of Franklin
on Friday night in a style of magnificence.—
The Post 3ayß:
The literary exercises took place at Niblo’s
Theatre, which was filled from pit to dome
by a respectable audience, among which was
a large proportion of Ldies. The stage was
occupied by the invited guests, the President
of the Society, Mr. A. Cunningham, and the
Vice Presidents, among them Gen. Geo. P. •
Morris. Among the invited guests who oc- ]
eupied the stage were Mr. Halleck, Washing- i
ton Irving, Mr. Bryant, and others.
Ihe exercises commenced with an ode,writ-
ten for the occasion by B P. Shillabers, E-q., <
which was sung by the New York Conseiva- 1
tory of Music.
The orator of the evening was Judge Ed
monds. His remarks, which were brief on ac
count of indisposition, were devoted piinci
j P aii y an exposition of the character and ob-
| jects of the society. The Judge alluded to
his connection with the trade in the early pe
riod of his life, when he was engaged in pub
lishing a small seven by nine newspaper. His
remarKS were received with much approbation
by the audience.
Alter the exercises, a large portion of the
assembly adjourned to the supper room.
The supper, at which some seven hundred
persons sat down, was sumptuous and ele
gant. There were six tables running the
whole length of the saioon, and one cross ta
ble for invited guests. After the viands had
been despatched, thirteen regular toasts were
read, and respectively responded to, in elo
quent speeches, by Mr. West, of the Com
mercial, Mr. Q-. P. li. James, the distinguish
ed novelist, President King, of Columbia Col
lege, Mr. Lossing. the engraver, Mr. Putnam,
Mr. Walker, Mr. Tait, of the London Times,
the Rev. Mr. Chapin, and Parke Godwin.
The company then adjourned to the splen
did ball room up stairs, where they engaged
in dancing. It was a grand affair, on the
whole, and gave universal satisfaction.
Great Washington Birth Jubiaee. A
committee appointed by the New York Coun
cils, at the suggestion of the Mayor, to ar
range a public celebration on Washington’s
birth-day, it is said will recommend a general
parade of the military, the various civic socie
ties and fire department. In the evening all
the public buildings will be illuminated, a
grand display of fire-works will be given,
with salutes during the day from the Park
and Battery.
(Reported for the Baltimore Clipper .)
Thirty-First Congress—2d Session
Washington, Jan. 20, 1851.
SENATE.
A large number of petitions were present
ed.
Mr. Downs moved and five thousand copies
of the report of the War Department on the
inundations of the Lower Mississippi were or
dered to be printed.
Mr. Pearce reported a joint resolution for
purchasing the works of Alex. Hamilton.
Mr. Clay submitted a resolution of enquiry
into the expediency of adopting some more
effectual provisions for preventing American
vessels and seamen engaging in the African
slave trade. Laid over.
Mr. Seward introduced a joint resolution
making a discrimination in all purchases by
the Government in favor of American over
foreign manufactured steel.
Mr. Ewing submitted a resolution directing
an enquiry into the power of amending the
act authorizing the construction of a dry dock
on the Pacific coast, so as to reduce the out
lay necessary to complete the work. Laid
over.
The cheap postage bill from the House was
referred to the committee on Post Offices.
The Senate then resumed the consideration
of the bill to settle the claim of American si
tizens for spoliations by the French.
Mr. Hunter opposed the bill in a speech of
two hours, and the Senate adjourned.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
On motion of Mr. Inge, the rules were sus
pended, when he introduced a resolution,
which was agreed to, setting apart the second
Tuesday in February for the consideration of
bills relating to the District of Columbia.
On motion of ,Mr. Baker, it was resolved
that the Secretary of the Navy be requested
to inform the House what action has been
taken by him with reference to the act of the
last] session, making appropriation for the
construction of a dry dock in San Francisco,
and whether, in his opinion, a dry dock suffi
cient for all the purposes of the navy, cannot
be constructed for a sum much less than the
appropriation aforesaid, and that he be re
quested to suspend further proceedings in the
construction of the same.
Mr. Du»r asked, but did not receive con
sent, to introduce a resolution instructing the
> committee on Military Affairs to inquire into
the expediency of increasing the number of
} cadets at the Military Academy, West Point.
t Various resolutions were sought to be in
troduced, without avail; among them, one by
! Mr. McClernand, calling upon the President
for information in relation to the conduct of
1 the British with regard to the Nicaragua
' treaty, and the alleged disturbances in Cen
tral America,
The House then took up the bill to ensure
: the prompt execution of the Bonnty Land
* Bill, passed on the 28th of September last.
Debate ensued, and, without coming to a con
clusion, the House adjourned.
THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
Augusta, <&zQVQ\a.
FRIDAY MORNING, JANUARY 24-
A New Subscriber with a Proviso- 36 30-
We have certainly reason to be gratified at
the constant accessions to our subscription list.
The following which we received yesterday
comes with a proviso attached, which however,
does not prevent us from entering the writer
on our list.
Monticello, Ga., Jan. 19th, 1851.
Mr. Gardner. — Sir. —Please send me your
weekly paper, commencing at Jan. Ist. I shall
be down in a short time and will pay you then.
Piease send it on if you are for thirty six
thirty — if not , no go. Yours, &c.
We have been for 36 deg. 30 min. as a line
of division ot the common territories between
the North and the South, which for the sake
of peace and harmony the South might agree
to with propriety. We have always main
tained however, that the Missouri Compromise
was a concession by the South, without an
equivalent, to the spirit of anti-slavery. As
an original question we would have opposed
the concession. But being acquiesed in so
long by the South, it was entitled to respect.
Had the North respected it in the late ad
justment, we would have been satisfied. We
could not have been satisfied with less. We
have thought the South should have insisted
on it. So thought the Nashville Convention,
and we have uniformly and warmly sustained
all its positions.
Peace and fraternal harmony can never be
restored between North and South until this
act of justice be done.
We are pleased to find a Northern man in
a Northern Review coinciding with us.—
While Southern men are telling us that the
South has nothing to complain of—while
Messrs. Toombs and Stephens are assuring us
the South has gamed a great victory, a
Northern man, one of a noble and magnani
mous class, though small, alas! in number,
boldly tells his Northern fellow-citizens that
they have grossly wronged the South, and must
do something more than merely abstain from
further aggression. They must make resti
tution.
The following is near the conclusion of an
able article in the January Number, 1851, of
the Democratic Review. It is entitled “ The
Philosophy of the American Union.”
The remedy which alone can restore fraternal
harmony. —The people, like othtr sovereigns,
are so little accustomed to hear truth, that the
toregoing remarks may se.em strange; but the
time is arrived when the whole truth shall be
told, that our citizens, never acting inten
tionally wrong, may know what is due to
their virtue and patriotism. They will not
it from partisan leaders, who, in speak
ing of even the late compromise measures, seem
more intent on apologizing for abandoning the
Wilmot Proviso, (some law of God having
superseded it, they say,) than by wholesomely
inculcating the usurp .tion of its infl.ction. To
thus doubt the patriotism and wisdom of the
people is an old error, and will not medicate
the wounds we have inflicted in frateral bo
soms. In vain, also, aie our protestations of
love for the Union, unless we show our love
more effectively than by declamations; —and
be assured, that a forbearance from lawlessly
obstructing trie Fugitive Slave la v, (armed, as
it now is, with feartul penalties, and with a
President said to be determined to enforce
them.) is not all that is required by love for
the Union; nor is mere abstinence from furth
er a gg r< 2 8 Bion, little more remaining for fur
ther agggression to accomplish. If our Union
demonstrations are something more than a
temporary bending to the whir Id wind of our
oyfa raising, we must make restitution to th-
South, by a division of California at the lati
tude of 36 deg 30 min; some ten millions oi
dollars given for which, will bless Cali
fornia, and regain the friendship of the South.
A Valuable Work.
Andrews’ Latin English Lexicon.
This is the most complete, scholarly, and
ably prepared Lexicon of the Latin language
Lave ever seen. It is, doubtless, the best
that has ever yet issued from the press for the
use of the English and American student. It
is abridged and translated by Dr. Andrews,
of New Britain, (Connecticut,) from the great
German work of 4,500 pages, by Dr. Freund,
one of the most learned of German scholars,
and one of the first philologists of the age.
We have given this Lexicon of Dr. An
drews, a careful examination. We will not
undertake here to enter into details of its
merits, and of the particulars in which it is
superior to any Latin dictionaries we are ac
quainted with now in use. The Latin scholar
will at once detect them on looking into the
volume. All the Greek derivations of Latin
words are fully and clearly given, and the
English definitions are fortified by copious
notes and authority. The work displays
great learning and research, and appears to
leave nothing to be desired.
The typography is neat and elegant, and
well worthy of so elaborate a contribution to
the cause of classical learning.
It is from the press of Harper & Brothers,
New-York, and is for sale in this city by
Thomas Richards & Son, through whom we
have been iurnished with a copy. Also by
Messrs. J. A. Carrie & Co.
Henry Smaeton : A Jacobite Story of the Reign
of George the First—By G. P. R. James. Har
per & Brothers.
We are indebted to the Publishers for a
copy of the above, through Messrs. Richards
& Son. The admirers of the distinguished
novelist will need no prompting to call for this
work.
Steam Cotton Factories-
The letter which we publish to-day, is a
part of a very long and interesting communi
cation from a skilful Northern mechanic, who
has taken up his abode in the South, and be -
come identified with us for weal or woe. It
was written in answer to a number of inter
rogatories put to him by a gentleman oi
Gwinnett county, interested in the Cottos
manufacturing enterprise, and was kindly
offered us for publication.
We had not room to publish the remainder
of the communication, which bai reference
to the subject of slavery and slave labor, and
Northern designs in regard thereto.
It is gratifying to witness the spirit with
which the citizens of Gwinnett are entering
into the manufacturing business. Whether
steam or water be the best and sufest motive
power, is a point we leave where we find it.
The Campbells-
This is the last night but one. The bill of
fered is an attractive one, containing several
of their best pieces. Those who have not paid
them a visit should do so, if they wish to drive
dull care away, and laugh and grow fat.
The Postage Bill, as passed the House of
Representatives by 130 ayes, to 75 noes, em
braces the following provisions: A uniform
rate of three cents on letters weighing not
over half an ounce. No diminution in the
existing mail service and compensation to
postmasters. On printed matter, not over
two ounces, one cent postage; bound books,
not over 30 ounces, to be mailable. On news
papers, in the State where printed, only half
the foregoing rates—no postage when mailed
to actual subscribers in the county where
printed, or within 30 miles. A deduction of
50 per cent, on magazines, when prepaid. A
three cent coinage; and stamps, as now, to be
sold at post-offces; forgery of them being
punishable with fine and imprisonment. An
appropriation ot $1,500,000 to meet any de
ficiency in the revenue. Letters uncalled for
at the end of two weeks to be advertised once
only. Suitable places to be provided in cities,
or towns for the deposit of letters, to be col
lected and delivered by carriers, at one and
two cents each.
Georgia , Richmond County.
An inquest was held over the body of a Mr.
Alfred Mays, a citizen of this county, who
came to his death on the 21st inst. from
wounds inflicted by some cutting instrument,
by two persons. The jury, after investiga
tion, and examination of the body, do say, on
their oaths, that Alfred Mays came to his
death by an instrument in the hands of James
Ratcliff and James Campbell, of said county.
J. S. Walker, Coroner r. c.
Campbell and Ratcliff have been arrested,
and were yesterday brought up before. Justices
Green and Bohler. After a full investigation
of the facts, Campbell was committed for trial
and Ratcliff discharged.
Large Verdict.-— On Wednesday in the
District Court at Philadelphia, a verdict was
rendered in favor of the S'ate of Pennsylvania
and against the United States Bank, for one
million two hundred and three thousand
seven hundred and .fifty dollars, with costs
and interest, in round numbers, one million
three hundred thousand dollars. The suit was
brought to recover the hundred thousand dol
lars annually, which the bank, by its charter,
agreed to pay as a bonus to the School Fund
for twenty years. The bank has defavlted
for twelve years. The Ledger adds that the
suit will of course be carried to the Supreme
Court, and will no doubt be warmly contested
as there will be an effort to make this judg
ment take precedence of the assignments.
Scientifc Examination of the Florida
Coast. —The Boston Trrnscript learn 9 that
Professer Agassiz is about to some South,
with the intention of devoting some weeks,
in company with theoffirers of the Coast Sur
vey, to a scientific examination of the Coast
of Florida, with a particular view to the coial
formations of that region.
The Supreme Court of Massachusetts have
decided in favor of an Insurance Company
where the policy forbade the use of lighten
cigars or pipes on the premises—a cabinet
maker'B shop—it being proved that cigars
era habitually smoked • I ,
[communicated.]
Lawrenceville, (Ga.) Dec. 31, 1850.
*****
In the month of August, 1848, a capitalist
from the State of Alabama, made arrange
ments with me to go out to his pleasant vil
lage, and there to overhaul his new Cotton
Factory, as he stated it was not working well
from some cause. On my’ arrival at his place,
I very soon discovered the want of an artist,
in order to prevent the sudden destruction by
breakage of a new and complete set of ma
chinery, by putting the same in good running
order. By more extensive travel, and inti
mate acquaintance with the people of the
South, I have become still more strongly at
tached to them and their institutions, until I
can now call the South my home under the
most trying circumstances.
I was solicited early in July, 1849, to return
again and settle in Georgia. On the last of
September following, I left Alabama to come
to Lawrenceville, (Ga.) to erect an entire new
set of Cotton Factories, as Chief Engineer of
the works.
The following are the dimensions :
Main building, 208 feet long by 54 feet
wide, three full stories high, each 11 feet in
the clear, with a fine attic story 28 feet wide
and 10 ft. high in the clear. On the front is
an entrance built out 24 ft. square, five full
stories high, with a water reservoir in the fifth
story, and a neat bellfry on the top of this.
Inside of the entrance the different flights of
stairs are carried up to the attic story. These
walls are all built with the greatest care to
resist any vibration of the building caused by
the motion of the machinery, and they are of
the best kind of Georgia Granite rock. The
style of masonry is gagued ruble work. The
boiler house is 50 ft. long by 34 ft. wide, and
is 18 ft. from the main building, connected by
two walls which form the engine house.
The picker house is also 18 feet from the main
building, connected by a passage with iron
doois, and shutters to windows. Length, 46
ft. by 36 ft. wide, and the main chimney is
100 feet high, with a flue 40 inches square.
All the roofs on these buildings are shin
gled and coated with three coats of Wm.
Blake’s Patent Fire-Proof Paint, which makes
them equal to slated roofs at a much less ex
pense.
These works are capable of operating 6.000
spindles with 200 looms complete, giving am
ple room for a large repair shop, packing
room, and a corn mill. To operate the same
to the greatest profit, it requires a capital
stock of $160,000, on which the proprietors
will realize a nett profit per annum of 12
per cent.
In answer to your inquiry in relation to the
safety of a Steam Factory, compared with
water power, against fire, I will state that my
opinion is, Steam Factories are decidedly more
safe against fire than a Water Power Factory
could be made without the aid of steam. Be
sides having all the advantage in a Steam Fac
tory that can be obtained from good forcing
pumps, reservoirs, pipes and leather hose, to
carry water to any part of the works, as desir
ed, I have pipes connected with the boilers,
going into each room with stops and valves in
their proper places. So if a Factory building
was all in flames before discovered, by open
ing certain valves from the outside of the
walls by ladders stationed always at the place,
the steam rushes into the rooms and expels
the air from them ; consequently a fire cannot
burn without being fed with air. Besides all
this, steam power ha 9 a decided preference,
which is well known to every practical carder
and spinner. By the aid of steam, each room
is kept at a proper temperature of heat and
moisture, at all seasons of the year, and un
der all circumstances, which equalizes the
quality of goods produced.
Your objections to the fire under the boil
ers are easily obviated, as no spark of fire and
smoke can escape until it has traversed a
flue, whose length is two hundred and fifty
feet, by which time it is fifty feet above every
part of the building in the air, should any
escape, which is not the case, for every spark
is out before it reaches the top of the chim
neys.
In May, 1850, I left for the North, to pur
chase the machinery for the Lawrenceville
Factory. I had occasion to travel extensively
through the Eastern and Middle States, which
gave me the opportunity of judging again of
the extended growth and power of the anti
slavery party throughout those several States.
IJcannot be deceived in relation to their desired
object. Often did I hear the assertion from the
most influential men North, that the subject
never should cease agitation until every slave
upon the American soil, is a freeman, and the
Constitution of the United States altered in
relation to slavery. It was almost impossible
to find a Northern man who was not preju
diced to a greater or legs extent against the
institution of slavery, and nothing but a love
for the Union can hold this nation together
for any length of time. Be not deceived.
That party has now become powerful, com
posed of men of wealth and influence, who are
determined to break down the institution of
slavery among us, would not only retard our
enterprise in the South, but would lead to
our bankruptcy and ultimate ruin. If there is
not a sudden stop put to their unlawful teach
ings, this Government will crumble into in
significance ere long, and become unknown.
With considerations of the highest esteem
I remain yours truly.
E. Guild.
Georgia Mess Beep.— Wm. Hunter, Esa
advertises Georgia Beef, put up in barrels for
famdy use. Mr. Chick, the steward of the
Fiorida, who has purchased some of this beef,
and others who have seen it,pronounce it to be
m excellent article. It was packed at Dalton,
by an experienced butcher, and was got up bv
Messrs. Greenville & Batty, of Chattanooga.
A e are pleased to record the arrival of a very
superior article from that quarter. The same
hi m has converted some 1,500 hogs into bacon
ibis season.— Savannah Republican.
A pamphlet published in Mexico states that
the income of the clergy of that country
amounts to $20,000,000 per annum. They
are also in possession of landed property rep
resenting an enormous capital. The revenues
of the General Government itself ere stated
not to exoeed $6,000,000. •
Magnetic €*Ugra;pl).
Reported for tiie Constitutionalist.
New York, Jan. 23— p. m.
Cotton. —The sales to-day were 2000 bales.
The market is slightly dooping.
Other articles unchanged.
FROM WASHINGTON.
In the Senate, to-day, the French Spolia
tion Bill was ordered to be engrossed by a
vote of 30 yeas to 26 nays.
Several petitions for the repeal of the Fugi
tive Slave Law were laid upon the table.
No news of the Atlantic yet.
Charleston, Jan. 23, P. M.
Cotton. —The market is depressed, and
closes at £c. decline. The sales to-day are 1600
bales. —for the week 8800 at prices rang
ing from 11 to 13| cents. The Receipts of
the week rp ach 13.000 bales.
Miss Lind. — i’he Paris correspondent of
the New York Commercial that a Stock
holm paper announces that Jenny Lind had
sent to that city twenty thousand dollars, to
be distributed among the poor. We find in
our foreign files the following paragraph re
specting the lady :
Md'lle Jenny Lind. —By a private letter from
the Swedish nightingale, recently received by
a friend in Massachusetts, dated Philadelphia,
in the beginning of December, we learn that
this admired and favorite cantatrice writes in
excellent health and spirits. She states, what
will occasion some surprise here, where a con
trary opinion prevails, that Mr. Barnum be
haves to her in the most gentlemanly and dis
interested manner. One very current report,
however, she contradicts in the most positive
and emphatic terms. So far from her being
brought to London in 1851, she states that it
is wholly untrue that she has any engage
ment with him, either for London or any
other city or part of the European continent.
She writes apparently very much pleased with
the American people, having met with a great
many very good, kind, hospitable friends in
er transatlantic tour.
A Real Yankee Trick. —A man in Con
necticut obtained a winter's supply of excel
lent potatoes in the following cute manner.—
He gave out that he was desirous of obtaining
a specimen ot the best sort of potatoes, and
would pay $8 for a peck of such, himself to
be the judge. Potatoes poured into his cellar
from all the country round, and when the
avalanche had subsided, the man handed over
his three dollars for the best peck, and the
next spring sold potatoes enough to more than
cover the original outlay, besides having had
a first quality article lor home use all winter*
[Boston paper.
Arrival of the Steamship Florida. —The
fine steamship Florida arrived at her wha»-f at
an early hour yesrerday morning, having
come to anchor inside of Tybee at 1 o’clock,
A. M. She has thus made the trip in 58 hours
—one cf the shortest ever made. This would
be equal to about 52 hours to the Charleston
Bar. She brings 35 cabin passengers and a.
good freight.— Savannah Republican, 22d inst<,
At a Graham boarding house,the bill of fare
for breakfast consists of Shingles fried in
pump water—dinner of the soup left by tbfe
shingles thickened with saw-dust.
When has a man a right to scold his wife
about his coffee? When he has sufficient
grounds.
SPECIAL NOTICES.
A CARD.
O*HA.YI?fG located myself at 22 Ann street.
New York, 1 shall be happy to execute any orders
from my old friends in Carolina, Georgia, or other
portions of the South. Individuals who may make*
deposits with me for the choicest light Literature
will receive it long before they can get it from
other sources. Persons ordering will please to
name their favorite authors.
The low rate of postage at which Books and
Pamphlets may be mailed under the new law.
makes that medium preferable to any other, ‘be
ing < sale and expeditious” as well as cheap. A
few specimens of despatch will be given to some
of my old friends.
Colleges, Academies, Schools, public am j pr j
vate Libraries, will be supplied with
al, Astronomical, Chemical, or other apparatus as
cheap or cheaper than they can otherwise obtain
Also, Books, Foreign an.d American, Re
views, Magazines, or Papers issued from quarters
North or East of them.
Any other business which an Agent can do here
will be promptly attended to for a reasonable com
pensation.
Person s who raa y ship any ar tides for our mar
ket, Fruit, Vegetables, or other delicacies, will be
sure to hare them attended to, and the best ac
count given of them.
All communications must be post paid, and
strangers must accompany orders with a remit
tance. 4. HEAD 22 Ann-st. N. York
j»n U 3f
ITT BITsS’S COMPOUND CODUVEr\
OIL CANDY.—This well known remedy,
bined with other valuable ingredients, is 'cor
mainly of pure Cod Liver Oil, the C oir h P ° Sed
being effected in such a manner as cop- i | natlon
disguise the repulsive taste of thJ ZI ? £
not to detract from its medicinal qualities. 11 Whl
wi 1 say that a great desideratum bas not been ac .
complied by the inventor? and who sha! ,
that he is not deserving of a u honor for his ?
to pro/ide a remedy for coughs, colds, & c ? But
the purchaser must see to it that he does not pur
chase a counterfeit. Inquire for Bliss's Candy
and received no other.
Jnr* T ly by B - K - Bliss * Duggist, Sprin»-
?all d ’hv aSS ’’ IDVCatOr and Sole Proprietor, and for
n b: T - PHILIP A. MOISE
aa 0 e ge,Xg"«a“ g Ga a ° d Medicines ' 193
Hbe?,T, t^' rch " ,t “ and (l ?;“ ggiats a:a^r
DRS. J. B. & H. A. Bialik
Office on Broad St. apposite Bridge Bank building .
their pra essional services to the cit
izens of Augusta and its vicinity. jau 14
O’M. JAS. D. MACK IE tenders
spectfully his Professional Services to the citizens
of Augusta.
Office on Jackson street, between Broad and
Reynold >treets. 6mos jan 12
QjpTHE FRENCH LANGUAGE taught
dramatically by Mrs. SABAL, opposite the U„.
States Hotel. Mrs. Sabal will take charge of a
Ciass in any of the Seminaries or private families,
of Augusta, 6mos oct 8
JUST RECEIVED,
!CF'A fresh supply of J. DURAND & CO.'S
celebrated FRENCH BITTERS, for Debility,
Weakness of the Stomach, want of Appetite, Dys
pepsia, Fever and Ague, or any other complain
caused by a derangement of the system. It is su
peri r to any other article in use} it may also be
used in Wine or Spirits without, in any way, im
pairing its medical qualities.
To be. had by the dozen,or bottle, of the Agents
For Augusta. LAMBACK & COOPER,
eptlS 6mos