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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. ‘
r ■■ ' - —-= t
JAMES GARDNER, JR. «
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O’ALL REMITTA NCES PER MAIL are
it OUR RISK.
[From the Soil of the South.]
Stop and T hink
Messrs. Editors: It is a common remark, as
goes one, so goes the gang. This propensity
is not so exclusively sheepish, as we mightat
first suppose. Men are inclined to run with
the crowd, without stopping to think, wheth
er the crowd are right. We have been so per
fectly bewidered with the idea of 10 or 12
cents for cotton, that I fear we shall forget to
raise corn, or, at least, put ourselves and coun
try upon short allowance. I have felt the
oh&rm of these prices myself, and acknowledge
the temptation which I have felt, to run after
them, and this very temptation has admonish
ed me to say to myself and my brethren of the
plow, beware, lest we might be found picking
cotton, some cold wintry day, to be sold at a
price made low by the excess, to buy corn
made high by its scarcity. The Southern
country is very likely to run into this double
error, this very year. Corn is scarce and high
to begin with, and I apprehend if we could
see a catalogue of all the places for the year,
that we should find that the order had been
iftfew more acres, and that of the best land for
wtton, and the corn shoved off to the mere
cliance of the seasons. It very good and fa
vorable every way, just enough will be made
f make out, if any mishaps, a little short. Then
to shifts and short allowances. The hogs
will probably suffer with “sore throat” and
pains in the stomach; the cows with hollow
horn, and the mules next plowing time, with
staggers; and as the Almanac man would say,
about this time, many of them may be ex
pected to die. These things need not be so,
no money is made by the operation. I think
we had better move along upon the good old
plan, of making sure first of a plenty of corn ,
and then as much cotton as can conveniently
come in; and then we may have the fun of
high prices for our cotton for many years to
come. But if we are determined, that laying
*all other business aside, we will make one
concentrated effort to overstock the cotton
market, aidfed as we will, doubtless, be by the
English spinners, we can soon achieve the
victory, though it may be lean and bootless. I
think this is one of the times when the plan
ters in convenient reach of a market, should
make sure calculations as to the relative pro
fits of the grain and cotton crop. And for
fear you will consider it a question with but
one side, and therefore not make the calcula
tion, I will do it for you. You will admit
twenty acres to the hand to be a very fair, if
not a heavy crop, eight in corn, and twelve in
cotton. We will suppose this eight acres shall
make a supply for the plantation, and that
the twelve acres in cotton shall make five
bales of five hundred pounes each, or twenty
five hundred pounds of ginned cotton to each
hand, this at 10 cents per lb. would made
$250. It will be conceded, I suppose, that
twenty-five acres all in corn, would be cul
tivated with as much ease, as the twenty in
corn and cotton; I will deduct the eight acres
fallowed for the corn to be used on the farm,
and have seventeen left for market; allow
these to produce twenty bushels each, and
we have 340 bushels of corn for sale; which,
at one dollar per bushel, will make $340,
showing a difference of S9O in favor of the
corn. I have said nothing about the bagging
and rope for baleing the cotton, but have al
lowed these to sell for as much aa they may
cost, and I have omitted to put down any
thing for the surplus Jodder and shucks.
There would probably be four thousand pounds
of fodder from the produce of the seventeen
acres of corn cultivated for market, this I will
throw in as a sett-off against the cotton seed,
leaving thß balance of ninety dollars still, in
fsvor of the corn, provided my prices are right,
and I think those who will look into the pros
pects for the next year, will admit that about
all market towns, where there are many con
sumers, corn will be quite as likely to sell for
a dollar a bushel, as cotton for ten cents. It
is objected that corn is a wasting article, and
delivered slowly and at much cost. This I
will admit, but if our arrangements were made
for it, as they could easily be made, much of
this objection could be removed. And then
the corn crop, with lots of peas in the bargain,
could be saved in one-third of the time re
quired for picking and preparing the cotton
V for market, leaving all the balance of the fall
and winter for making manure, and putting
every thing in fine order for another year.
And last, though perhaps not least, ample
time could be allowed, about the last of Au
gust and through September, for turning un
der all the pea vines, and grass and weeds
upon all the lands upon which such vegetation
might be found, and then such wheat crops as
would be seen next winter, and such renewed
vigor as would be imparted to the lands next
year, would astonish “the natives.” My es
timates may not be right. I think, however,
they are pretty fairly made; turn them over
and modify them to your own liking, and if
you are not convinced that it will be to your
interest to make some corn for the town folks,
the mechanic and the manufacturer, at least
conclude to make enough for yourself.
A PLANTER.
[Remarks. —We can not too earnestly in
vite the attention of our readers to the serious
truths which are here, so forcibly presented
by our correspondent. They may now have
the aspect of speculation, but unless his re
commendations are heeded, we fear they may,
in the space of one short twelve-month, as
sume the dignity of stern realities. We almost
shrink back in dismay, from |the contempla
tion of the picture, which fancy sketches, of
what may be the consequence of a large cot
ton, and small provision crop, for this year.
■Even at present prices for cotton, the planter
who has to buy his bread and meat at the high
rates they now command, will find but a small
balance in his favor at the end of the year;
but suppose cotton should go lower, and corn
and bacon higher , what then? We might well
apprehend a revulsion, unsurpassed in the
history of our country; and not a revulsion
merely, but an immense amount of privation,
wsnt and absolute suffering. Well, cotton
will inevitably go lower, if the planters deter
mine to flood the country with an over-pro
duction; and corn will go higher, if our peo
ple persevere in sacrificing its culture to the
hope of a large cotton crop. These are truths
which the common intelligence of every plan
ter will readily admit; but the great difficulty
is that they are always admitted as general
orinciples, and very rarely reduced to indivi
dual application. There lies the great mis
tak*. Every man who has a field, or supports
&iily has a direct, immediate, personal in
terest in them, and it becomes every man, as
a matter of prudence, to acton them. Adopt *
the motto of our correspondent- - Sotp and think i
and do more than think, act. In pitching i
your crop, be certain of one thing; that you \
have ample provision for a pull supply of corn; \
and bacon. Do not content yoursef. with plan- 1
ting just enough corn to do you, with a good year \
and fair yield; but put in enough to cover all ]
contingent, and then, if you wish, put in all the
balance mi cotton. By all means, make sure of i
enough to live on, and then, if you are out of >
debt, you are, in a great measure , independent, of
the price of cotton. If , unfortunately for you,
you are in debt, you are more certain of getting
out, by making a plenty to support you, than by
making cotton at low prices and being forced to
sell it to secure the necessaries of life. We re
peat it, then—Stop, think, ACT.—Ed. 2 ofS.j
[From the Hew-Orleans Picayune, 26 th ult.]
From Texas*
EXECUTION OF CAPT. FRENCH AND OTHERS.
By the steamship Galveston, Capt. Place,
which arrived yesterday, we have Galveston
dates to the 2ist inst. and Rio Grande dates
to the 19th inst.
Among the arrivals in San Antonio, up to
the 15tn inst., were Gov. Bell, who joined in
the funeral procession at the obsequies of Gen.
Brooke, Gen. Harney, who is to take the com
mand vacated by the death of that lamented
officer, Col. Cooper, Inspector General, Capt.
Sicgrieves, attached to the Boundary Com
mission, Capt. McCown, 4th Artillery, in
command of 160 recruits for the Bth Infantry,
in the Salado, Dr. Swift, Capt. Maclay, on his
way to join his company at Fort Worth, and
Drs. Turner and Guild, of the U. S. Army.
The volunteer ranger companies of Capts.
Ford, McCown, Wallace and Bagby, whose
terms of service are about expiring, are to be
remustered into the service.
There were severe frosts at San Antonio on
the nights of Thursday and Friday, the 27th
and 28th ult., that killed many garden vege
tables that were quite forward, and cut down
a great deal of the young corn, which had
just made its appearance above ground.
A German, belonging to Capt. Wallace’s
company of Rangers, was recently killed by
Indians near the Nueces. The Indians were
on foot, and consequently left no trail by
which they could be followed.
A brilliant fete was recently given by the
officers and citizens in the colony of Pledras
Negras, celebrating the inauguration of Pres
ident Arista, to which invitations were cour
teously extended to the inhabitants of the
American side of the Rio Grande.
The scene is described as a brilliant one—
the rich, full uniforms of the Mexican and
American officers mingling with the rich cos
tumes of the American ladies, and the pic
turesque dresses of the senoritas, reminded
one of a fairy scene. Several Indian Chiefs,
. from the colony above, were in attendance at
this grand celebration.
| 4 A letter to the GalvestonJNews from Green’s
Landing, on the Trinity river, says the furni
-1 ture and freight of the steamer Galveston,
' deposited in a warehouse there, were destroy
j ed by fire on the 10th inst. The river had
■ risen so high as to come into the warehouses
where a quantity of lime was deposited, and
it is supposed caused the fire.
The dredge boats for the excavation of the
' Brazos Canal, near Galveston, are making at
the latter place, and will be speedily com
pleted.
In an article in relation to the canal, the
! Galveston Journal has the following :
“ We have spoken in the above remarks of
New York as the great port of the home com
merce of Galveston. New Orleans would
[ seem to be naturally the port of home com
merce for all Texas; but the excessive charges
and high freights of our intercourse with
\ New Orleans, drives our commerce to the
1 great Northern Atlantic ports. Freight,
" charges, and insurance, are at least two-fold
greater between Galveston and New Orleans
1 than between Galveston and New York city.”
* The Austin State Gazette denies that Gov.
I Bell will be a candidate for Congress to re
, place Mr. Kaufman.
The Indians are again at their work of
‘ plunder and murder in the Valley of the Rio
’ Grande. The planters along the river are in
l the greatest alarm, from the Indians having
* killed or wounded a party of herdsmen near
the river, between Brownsville and Camp
7 Ringgold. Families are removing to the Mex
-7 ican side.
Gen. Canales, it is thought, will be appoint
-3 ed to the military command at Matanaoros, in
l place of Gen. Avalos.
1 Three enterprizing mechanics of Rio Grande
’ City have completed and launched a sloop of
1 30 tons at that place, 300 miles from the
* mouth of the river. She is built of musquite
and ebony, and is destined for the coast t -ide.
1 A letter has been received at Brownsville
from Mazatlan, dated February 15th. It
[ states tkat Capt. Parker French, the notori-
J ous swindler, was shot or hanged for highway
* robbery, on the road between Mazatlan and
Durango. A party of Mexicans arrested him
and his eight men at a place called Chavaria,
after a hard fight of two hours. One of the
1 men escaped. French and the others were
’ taken to Salto, a small military post, and were
then executed.
i •-
1 (From the N. O. Picayune, 24 th ult.)
5 From the Boundary Commission —Terri-
-3 ble Scene at Socorro.
By the Galveston, from Galveston, last eve
- ning, Major Bartlett, Commissary of the
i Boundary Commission, arrived in this city.—
x He brought a train of wagons down to Lavaca
s from El Paso, and his errand here is to ar
l range for supplies to be forwarded to the Com
t mission. He left them at El Paso on the 16th
- ult.
, A party under Dr. Webb, Secretary to the
r Commission, sent forward to the copper mines
f to examine the conveniences of the place, had
r returned with a favorable report, and a part of
, the Commission was to start the ensuing week
l to occupy a post at the mines. The difficul
ties with the Mexican Commissioners had
been all adjusted, and the initial point on
the Rio Grande settled. Capt. Craig reported
j friendly conference with the Indians. Capt.
I Craig was to lead the party to the mines,
i which are about 180 miles from El Paso.
Capt. Doboins, formerly of the 3d Infantry,
, who was a follower of the expedition as a
■ hunter, killed a Mr. Wakeman on the way up
t to El Paso, and afterwards committed suicide
. in San Elezario, at the quarters of Col. Mc
f Clellan.
Major Bartlett narrates a horrible adven
, ture which befei his party about 225 miles
this side of El Paso. Discovering smoke, they
i sent out a party to reconnoitre, and discover
i ed a negro man and woman in the act of cook
; ing food, and on further search the head of a
negro was found in the fire, and parts of a
body on the fire. They said they had been
! compelled to kill one of their companions for
food. They hed been nine days out, their gun
had bursted, and they were in a state of star
vation. The account they gave of themselves
was this : they were all slaves of a man named
Owens, near Holly Springs, Miss., and had
run off together last corn-planting, making for
Mexico. The boy killed was about nineteen
years of age, named Arthur; the other is a
black man, aged from twenty-seven to thirty,
calls himself Henry; the girl, a bright mulatto,
! about twenty-one, named Malidea.
These last two were taken to San Antonio,
and left in custody of one Antonio Navano.
\ Major Bartlett left all the members of the
Commission in good hsaltb.
He brings with him, however, accounts of
some horrible scenes of disorder, riot, murder
and exucution, which took place at Socorro
about the closing days of January. We have
from a correspondent on the spot a long and
minute account of the whole scenes of horri
ble outrages, retribution and punishment, but
the late hour at which it was received com
pels us to defer its publication.
It seems that bands of armed ruffians, dis
charged teamsters and soldiers, and frontier
desperradoes, had been overawing the quiet
inhabitants of Socorro, by parading the streets
armed, and committing all manner of lawless
acts. They robbed and killed openly, with
out provocation or remorse. Instances are
given of the seizing an unoffending man, ta
king away his gun and killing him with it,
without the shadow of a cause, and brutally
beating the women. Through the 28th and
29th of January they ranged like wild beasts,
committing all sorts of crimes, when a party
of the citizens sent an express to the United
State troops at San Elezario, about six miles
off, asking for protection, which was declined,
and the applicants referred to the civil power.
On the night of the 28th a most audacious
outrage was committed. The robber band,
seeking a man named Clarke, (E. C. Clarke,
said to be son of J. W. Clarke, U. S. Senator
from Rhode Island,) went to a fandango or
dancing party, where he was, and maltreated
the whole party of men and females. They
pi <ced sentinels at the entrance, fired off pis
tols at the candles, and otherwise terrified the
women, threatened death jto man or woman
who should stir ; and finally, the leader, one
Alexander Young, assisted by three others,
John Wade, Marcus Butler and William Craig,
fell upon Clarke and gave him nine or ten
mortal wounds. Another man, name Charles
Gates, was badly shot. Next morning some
members of the Boundary Commission, who
were present in town, resolved to arrest the
murderers at all hazards,and sent an express to
the main body of the Commission at San Ele
zario, for help. In three hours a large party
of Americans and Mexicans arrived, in such
force as to be enabled to search for and seize
eight or ten of the worst—including Wade,
Butler and Craig. Young, the ringleader,
escaped.
These men were brought before Judge Berth
old, on the 30th January, examined and com
mitted, and the next day they were tried by
jury, sentenced to be hung within one hour,
and notwithstanding the threats and prepara
tions of their associates, the sentence was en
forced and they were hung up to the branches
of a tree on Friday morning. The bodies of
the murderers were buried at 2 p. m., that of
the murdered Clarke was also buried.
A laige reward, S4OO, was offered for the
arrest of Young. He was arrested on the 10th,
brought to Socerro on the 11th. He imme
diately made full confession of his crime, but
was nevertheless put on trial on the 12th. —
His own written confession, which he repeated
and signed, was added to the other testimony.
He was found guilty, condemned and execu
ted on the same tree where his companions
had been hung.
Major Bartlett repeats that since these
dreadful examples, Socorro has been perfectly
quiet and orderly. We have neither time nor
room for further particulars this morning.
Further by the Steamer Canada.
The St. Lawrence, (U. S, frigate,) Com
mander J. R. Sands, arrived off Cowes on the
12th inst., with the American contributions
to the great exhibition of 1851. She has made
the passage from New York in 22 days.
England. —The process of receiving and ar
ranging the articles to be exhibited in the
Chrystal Palace, is going on very satisfactori
ly, and no doubt is entertained but that the
building will be opened at the proposed time
in the month of May.
A large body of Hungarians and Poles re
fugees irom the late struggle in Hungary, had
arrived in Liverpool for America, but on their
arrival from Turkey in Liverpool, they were
met by a deputation from the London Demo
cratic Committee, who have induced them to
remain in England, in order, as they say, to
be at hand in case their aid should be requir
ed to assist the Democratic cause in either
France or Hungary.
The English government have, so far, paid
or offered £8 to every man who will go to
America. A few of the Hungarians have ac
cepted the offer, but the Poles all refused.—
The local magistrates and the Mayor of Liv
erpool have had several interviews with them
to persuade them to migrate. Public meet
ings have been held to raise subscriptions for
: them, and it is proposed to have an amateur
performance in the Theatre Royal for their be
-1 nefit. They are said to be a fine body of men,
and their firm, quiet and orderly conduct in
Liverpool has, it is also said, shed a lustre up
-1 on their cause, and made an impression in
their favor which will not soon be forgotten.
France. —We have but little news of mo
ment from France, brought by the arrival.
The weekly amount of the Bank of France
L presents the commerce of that republic in the
| most unfavorable point of view.
The celebration of the carnival has also ex
! ercised a depressing influence upon the com
-3 mercial prosperity of the capital. The manu
facturers and wholesale merchants complain
that, with the exception of a few English,
there are no foreigners in the city.
The accounts from the agricultural districts,
however, are more favorable; for it appears
. that the large stocks of wheat, formerly held
3 at “Beauce,” are nearly exhausted, and that
recent large exports to England induced the
l farmers to look for high?:- prices.
, Paris, W ednesday. —General Exel mans has
. been raised to the rank of Marshal of France.
L The President has reviewed several of the re
giments leaving Paris, and has issued orders
, that at these reviews no cries whatever shall
; be uttered.
A secret society at Lille has been discovered
? in the very act of hanging an effigy of the
President.
In the departments, in all the towns, the
Socialists have been attempting to make some
demonstration, but without sucoess.
All hopes of a fusion between the two bran
ches of the Bourbon family L at an end. The
young Prince at Claremont has wiitten to that
effect to the Orleanist committee at Paris.
Austria. —Beyond the discussion ot the
complicated Roman question, we have noth
ing new from Rome. The Austrians are be
ing advanced, in unison with the Neapolitans,
close upon the frontier of Rome, with the
view of keeping in check any revolutionary
movement in that quarter.
Italy. — We have news of various conspira
cies, as proposed or threatened, in Italy, but
nothing positive.
We learn that a cabinet council was held
upon the 19th, at which it was resolved to
issue a comprehensive memorandum of the
German question. This document will, it is
said, contain the views of Prussia upon the
whole question involved in the revival of the
old Germanic confederation during the past
year.
We learn from official reports that the com
merce of the Zoll-Verien has increased con
siderably.—There has been a falling off in the
customs receipts of sugar, coffee and raw ma
terial,and this is more than compensated for
in the increase of manufactured goods.
Hesse Cassbl. —We have the following terse
but graphic description oi the state of affairs
in Hesse Cassel.
The political conflict seems to be degenera
ting into a series of vulgar quarrels bet wee i
Prince, officers, ministers, chambers and sub
ordinates, who abuse each other with Pro- |
vincial intensity. The truth of this cannot be
doubted when we read the following:
Latest Proclamation from Baron Haynau to
the officers of the Hessian army of Cassel.
This Hessian, it should be remembered, is a
relation of the Austrian butcher.
•‘Gents : I have summoned you here to tell
you I have been commissioned by His Royal
Highness to crush under foot that pernicious
gang that threatens the welfare of the State.
Sirs —The question is, who is to rule the God
abandoned, godless, pernicious gang.
“We shall soon decide this question in Cas
sel. Sirs, in this little State the throne is in
danger, and all the thrones in Europe look
here and upon us—upon this little army. I
ask not if you will obey. It is for that I have
called you together. You must obey; for he
who obeys not shall have his soldier coat
pulled off his back, and have a blouse put on
him. It is nothing to you whether the orders
given to you, sirs, is constitutional or not. His
Royal Highness has sworn to the constitution
and I have full powers from him, lam the
constitution for you, sirs; I. If any of you
prefer the smiles of that gang of traitors to
the favor of your Prince, whom God has set
up, I will pull his coat off his back and put a
blouse on him. Gents, your servant.”
The State of Baden has also passed a law
for the regulation of the press. Its main pro
visions are as follows :—Abolition of the cen
sorship; all articles to be signed by the writer;
caution money must be deposited by publishers
and authors ; publishers, printers and distri
butors of works are responsible for the con
tents, and alike liable to arrest and prosecu
tion.
The Chamber of Deputies has been burned.
Cape op Good Hope. —We learn that the
Kaffir war is likely to be more prolonged than
was at first anticipated. Sir Harry Smith, at
the head of 5,000 men, had given battle and
killed 70 or 80.
From Brown and Shipley’s Circular.
Liverpool, 14th March, 1851.
The unexpected increase in the receipts of
Cotton at the ports reported by the last Steam
er, has again depressed our market £d per
pound, in the low and middling qualities of
America, and fully Jd per pound in the better
descriptions. The Manchester market has
been irregular, and in some instances a con
cession been necessary to effect sales,
though generally manufacturers and spinners 1
have shown considerable firmness, and in the
last day or two there has been a better feeling
with an increased demand for both yarns and
goods. The sales of Cotton for the week are esti
mated at 31,180 bales; the t rade having taken
the large proportion of 27,940 bales, leaving 2,-
990 bales for speculation and 1,250 for export.
The sales to-day are 5,000 bales. The mar
ket closed steady. There is a slightly im
proved demand for Wheat and Flour, though
we cannot quote any improvement in prices.
Indian Corn Meal 14s. 6d. per barrel.
( Correspondence of Baltimore Sun.)
Washington, March 25.
Removals and Appointments Unionists vs. Dis
unionists —Treasury Circular — Mr. Webster’s
Speeeh, 2sc.
The administration appears to have com
menced a movement towards a reform in the
office-holding regions at the North. The
movement is begun in New York, and some
obnoxious Seward men have already been
turned out—including the marshal of the
northern district, (Mr, Kellogg) and the post
master at Troy, who is stated to be particu
larly hostile to the Fillmore national whigs.
Next, we shall hear of a continuance of the
reform in Maryland and elsewhere, and the
end will be that no Seward-Taylor office-hold
ers will be left in their places. The admin
istration will thus tardily vindicate their own
nationality. Whether an onslaught is to be
made or not, remains to be seen, but Mr. Ew
bank, who was prematurely sentenced, may
yet come to the block.
As to the four democratic clerks in the
treasury whose dismissal has been noticed, it
is to be remarked that they are to have no
successors. They were not executed, but
died from exhaustion—of appropriations. To
die from want of breath is a common occur
rence—and the appropriations give breath to
office-holders.
The long vexed question of the construction
of Mr. Hunter’s Tariff act is settled. The cir
cular to custom-house officers will appear in
the Intelligencer of to-morrow morning.
Freight is not included in the “ costs and
charges.” The valuation is to be made at
the place of last exportation.
The Sun report of the proceedings at the
Annapolis dinner given to Mr. Webster, af
fords great gratification to the public here.—
Mr. Webster’s remarks will be generally co
pied by the press, and univerally read.
lon.
Superior Court—Lost Term. —Monday last
was the day appointed by law for the regular
Spring term of our Superior Court, but up to
this present writing his Honor, the Solicitor
and other members of the bar are missing. An
adjournment has accordingly been had to the
“Court in course,” on the 4th Monday of
Sept, next, the present term being lost.
This failure has been caused by the exten
sion of Elbert Court into the present week,the
Court having been incessantly engaged (Sun
day excepted) since Wednesday morning last
in the trial of Cleveland for the murder of
Powers. We have not yet heard the result
of the trial, but will lay it before our readers
should it reach us before going to press.—
Washington Gazette , 27 th ult.
A Crevasse Quickly Stopped. —Last Sat
urday night, between 9 and 10 o’clock, a
crevasse took place at Trudeau’s plantation,
next above Sauve’s,and both above Carrollton.
The break in the levee was 27 feet wide, the
fail of water 84 feet.
The alarm bells were immediately rung,and
in four or five hours there were about five
hundred hands collected on the spot from the
neighboring plantations, vigorous efforts be
ing instantly made to arrest the inroad of the
waters.
Mr. Sauve, who has hid so much practical
experience in such matters, had already on
hand the material necessary to execute a new
plan for stopping crevasses. As this new
method has proved so successful at its first
trial, and is of such simple details, we think
it important that every planter should pay it
some attention. The plan of operations was
as follows:
Two heavy pieces of timber, each sixty feet
long, were placed over the breach with their
ends resting on the levee on either side, and
with about four feet between them. Hound
sapplings, pointed at one end, and ten to
twelve feet long, were then driven down in
two sets, like piles, one set on the water side
of the outer beam, the other between the
beams and against the inner one. The saplings
had about six inches distance between them,
and being round, the water bad no force
agaipst them. They all rested against the
beams, which, being firmly secured on the
levee, acted as braces.
All hands were then employed to throw
gunny bags, filled with sand, against the out
er row of saplings, on their waterside, and, at
the same time, between the two rows, filling
up until the bags appeared above the water.
The crevasse was then effectually and com
pletely stopped.
This fortunate result took place at 10
o’clock on Sunday morning; the hands having
worked all night, and the planters exerted
themselves to the utmost in superintending j
the work, and showing their men by personal |
example, what to do and how to do it.
fJV. O. Picayune, 28 th ult.
THE CONSTITUTIONALIST* _
(Georgia.
TUESDAY MORNING, APRIL 1-
tig* Proprietors of Warehouses in Augusta
and Hamburg will oblige us by having the
Stock of Cotton in their respective warehouses
carefully counted for us this morning.
Virginia and South-Carolina*
The following editorial of the Charleston
Mercury is a significant omen of the manner
in which the mediation of Virginia will be
received by South-Carolina.
The perfectly submissive tone of the re
solutions, in which the Legislature accepts
the so-called Compromise measures of the
late Congress as an adjustment, will meet but
little sympathy in South-Carolina.
There is a deep sense of bitter wrong, of
flagrant outrage in the appropriation by the
Free-soil States of all the common territorial
acquisitions to their own exclusive use, upon
which the resolutions will grate harshly.
The deputation of citizens from Virginia,
however respectable, with the resolutions
just passed by the House of Delegates, will
be shorn of much of the influence it was once
a sort of prescriptive privilege for Virginia to
wield.
Aside from this consideration, the editorial
of the Mercury is interesting as vindicating
the truth of history in reference to the exact
amount of influence exerted in South-Carolina
by the mission of Benjamin Watkins Leigh,
Esq., in 1832.
The suggestion of a return of the compli
ment by sending a deputation of South-Caro
linians to Virginia, will excite some amuse
ment at the expense of the old Dominion
among those who do not anticipate any very
decisive results from her embassy to the Pal
metto State.
We apprehend that South-Carolina will
decide her course with reference to her views
of her own interests, safety and honor, and
will consider that she has prudence, intelli
gence and statesmanship enough within her
own limits, to guide her to a proper conclu
sion. The Union was established for mutual
benefits to the States composing it. When
South-Carolina, one of the original Thirteen,
is convinced that it has failed in its purposes,
so far as she is concerned, and that she would
be more prosperous out of it than in it, she
will withdraw, but not till then. She will
not wait for advisers from Virginia on this
point. Nor will she pause in the calculation
to inquire the extent of the value placed by
other States on the benefits of the Union.
This is a question which each State must
judge for herself, and carry out for herself.
We cannot refrain from the expression of
the hope, that South-Carolina will not pre
cipitately separate her destinies from those of
her sister States of the South:
Virginia and South Carolina*
In another place will be found, copied from
the Richmond Enquirer, a series of resolutions
elaborately studied out by a Special Commit
tee of thirteen worthies, and adopted almost
unanimously by the House of Delegates, on
Tuesday last. The Senate have not yet acted
upon them, but we judge from the vote of the
House that they must pass, and that they are
consequently to be considered as the “ voice
of Virginia,”—and what a voice it is !—what
a faint-hearted whine, to replace the trumpet
note that used to speak from the lips of the
Great Commonwealth !
We have observed for some time past, in
the Richmond papers, and the Washington
Union, the symptoms and the preparations of
this appeal of Virginia to South Carolina, a
gainst State action. Their articles on this
subject have been very much commended by
Northern presses, and no doubt deserved all
•the praise they have received from that quar
ter. Part of the design, as indicated by these
newspapers, is that Virginia should depute
one or more “sufficient men” to come bodily
to South Carolina, and use their most strenu
ous industry to prevent her from running off
the track. They fortify this suggestion by a
former instance. When South Carolina, they
say, was on the verge of coPision with the
General Government in 1832, Virginia inter
posed with her friendly advice and good of
fices, and sent one of her distinguished citi
zens to South Carolina as a peace-maker. The
result was that South Carolina was delivered
out of the lion’s jaws, and the Union was
saved ! Such is the account which these ve
racious and interesting chroniclers give, of the
settlement of the nullification struggle. We
remember very well the mission of Watkins
Leigh, and that he was kindly received, and
that the purpose of his visit was considered as
respectable as his personal character esti
mable. We have always understood that his
representations were listened to with entire
courtesy, but W 8 never before heard it hinted
that his mission had any more weight in the
settlement of the controversy, than the mis
sion of Mr. Hugh S Legareto Belgium, which
took place about the same time. This action
of Virginia was taken as a proof of respectful
sympathy on the part of a sister State, and as
such was responded to with honest cordiality.
But inasmuch as neither the ambassador nor
the State that commissioned him, professed to
have any power to treat on the questions in
volved, and inasmuch as South Carolina pass
ed the Ordinance of Nullifi -ation and Congress
met it by the Compromise of *33, because they
did not dare to meet it by armies and navies
it is really a most unaccountable pretension
thus, that Virginia settled that controversy by
sending Mr. Watkins Leigh to South Carolina
with a bundle of advice, not a scrape of which
was ever used.
But we desire not to undervalue the atten
tions of Virginia—far from it. If she snail
decide to send a deputation of her citizens to
present her retjjoostrances and her opinions to !
the legislature or the Convention of this
State, we feel assured they will-meet a kindly
welcome and a respectable audience. We
think, indeed, we are justified in promising,
that the atten»ion will he reciprocated, and
that some trustworthy citizens of Carolina will
be nent to Richmond, provided with copies of
former resolves and solemn pledges of Vir
gin ia, (which this State has done no more than
copy and follow up,) and commissioned to
invite and urge her to resume her office of
leader of the South, and return to ifiat posi
tion, whence alike her honor and her safety
mourn her absence.
Certainly the Carolina representative would
have much the most inspiring office. His
work would be to win over a powerful ally to
a noble and a sacred cause—the cause of or
ganised liberty against the attacks of a reck
less aggrarunism. What, on the other band,
wijl the Virginian say to us? Will he Uige
that Virginia has disowned* her principles,
dishonored her pledges, and slunk away from
a contest of which she was the first to mark
the impassable bound iries,-—and that, there
fore, it is proper that as Carolina folio ved her
lead to the battle-field, she should also follow
the same leader in abandoning the batteries
and deserting the standards !
Will he take these latest Legislative re
solves, and expound them for our edification
and correction ! It will call for an ingenious
man to extract much matter from them. The
most serious proposition contained in them is,
in effect, that the secession of South Carolina
would be dangerous to the integrity of the
Union! and the only practical measure broach
ed, is the instruction to the Governor to send
a copy of the resolves to every State except
Vermont. So we have here a new Virginia
platform, made up of the profound deduction,
that secession is unfavorable to the integrity
of the Union, and of the comprehensive reme
dial measure of cutting the acquaintance of
Vermont, and there is to be an embassy to
South Carolina to set forth these immensely
important matters.
We append the following from the Mercury
of the 31st, chronicling the action of the
Senate of Virginia upon the resolutions pass
ed by the House of Delegates, which elicited
the comments above published :
Virginia. —The Senate of Virginia, with a
unanimity equal to that of the House, have
adopted the resolutions of the latter body,
published in the Mercury of Saturday. They
made an important change of phrase in the
first resolution, and they struck out the clause
excepting Vermont from their Legislative
courtesies. Doubtless there was some sane
man among them, who perceived the absurd
ity of singling out Vermont for excommuni
cation, while the Legislature were ready to
fraternize with Massachusetts, New York,
Pennsylvania and Ohio, States that have peo
pled the two Houses of Congress with Abo
li ion demagogues, and have done twice as
much as all the rest of the North to make
hostility to the South the policy and charac
teristic of the Federal Government.
“ The Soil of the South.”
The February number of this attractive and
useful agricultural work has reached us. It
contains many articles replete with valuable
information and suggestions to the South
ern Planter and Farmer. The original, se
lected, and contributed articles, ail show
taste and ability on the part of the Editors,
and that intelligent and efficient colaborers
are enlisted to make “ The Soil of the South“
an important auxiliary to the cause of South
ern agriculture.
It is published monthly, at $1 a year,, a*
Columbus, (Ga.)
The Editors say that the March number
will be issued about the first of April, the
April number immediately afterwards—after
which the numbers will be issued regularly
on the first of each month.
The Chrystal Palace Beat,
The following paragraph appears in the N.
Y. Evening Post of the 27 th ult:
“The depot in course of construction at
Savannah, for the use ot the Central Railroad,
. will, it is said, be one of the finest edifices in
the country. It will cover twenty-one acres of
ground.”
This, if true, beats in size at least the Chrys
tal Palace of the World’s Fair, The latter
covers only eighteen acres.
Our Savannah friends are to have, doubt
less, a very commodious Depot. But they
really ought to fall a snake or two, and unde
ceive their New York cotemporaries,
Ice! Ice!
We are pleased to learn that a supply of Ice
has been received at the Ice House, on Ellis
street, and are assured that the supply pur
chased will more than last through the sea
son, It is now offered for sale.
Blackwood’s Magazine-
The March number has been Uid on our
table by the Agent, Mr. Thomas Courtney.
Rev- Joseph C. Stiles.
This distinguished divine, and very impres
sive pulpit orator, will preach this evening,
in the Presbyterian Lecture Room. We had
the pleasure of hearing a Sermon from hi; m
on Sunday morning last, at the Presbyterian
Church, which was one of the most impas
sive, logical and eloquent we ever listened to.
Those who desire to hear an eloquent and
learned preacher of the Gospel, should not
lose the opportunity offered them this even
ing.
Ice in the ATH N;ri c.3rh« Ship Forest
King, arrived at N ow Yo rk on Thursday, from
Liverpool, on tb.e 9th ultimo, in lat. 45 30,
long. 49, sa w eighteen large icebergs, and on
Lie 11th fell in with a field of ice extending
120 miles, oausing Captain H. to stand off to
the southward for two days, to get clear of it.
The F. K. had 591 passengers.—There were
nine deaths and five births on the voyage.
The Fugitive Slave, Shadrach. —We learn
from the Boston Mail that the U. S. Mar
shal, Mr. Devens, has obtained from Mr. De
Bree, of Norfolk, free papers for Shadrach, the
tugitive slave, and that he will come back from
Montreal, and be used by the Government as
a witness against those charged with his res->
cue.
Mr. Ritchie declined the coi»jpHinentry
dinner tendered him at Richmond, Va. In
j the correspondence, the committee express
their sympathy in the circumstances which
compelled Mr. Richie to relinquish his posi
tion “so long and so honorably accupied as
the leader of the democratic press in the IT*
States;” and they have an abiding confidence,
that Congress, reflecting the wishes and feel
ings of the people, will yet do him justice.
United States and Costa Rica.— M. Molina,
who arrived in this country some weeks ago*
was on Monday week presented to the Presi
dent of the U. States in the capacity of diplo
matic representative to the government from
the government of Costa Rica, and received as
such.
Pennsylvania Kidnapping Law. —The bill
for repealing certain sections of the kidnap
ping law of March 3rd, 1847, after considers
ble dehate, finally passed the Pennsylvania
Senate, on Wednesday, in a form which does
away with the sixth section, prohibiting the
use of jails of that Commonwaalth for the.
temporary detention of fugitive slaves.
■