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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. JAMES GARDNER, JR. _ tjbbms. Daily, per annum, in advance..«••• ......#8 00 Tri- Weekly, per annum 5 00 vVeekly, per annum, if paid in advance.... 2 00 These terms are offered io new subscribers and lo old subscribers who pay up all arrearages. tn no ease will the weekly paper be sent at #2, unless the money accompanies the order. la no case will it be sent at $2 to an oldsubscri * t»er in arrears. O* When the year paid for at #2 expires, the p iper,if not discontinued, or paid for in advance, will be sent on the old terms, #2,50 if paid at the office within the year, or #3 if paid after the ex piration of the year. O* Postage must be paid on all communications and letters of business. TERMS OF ADVERTISING. I One square 12 lines, 50 cants the first insertion, '' and 37ji cents for the next 5 insertions, and 25 cents tor each subsequent insertion. Contracts made by the year, or for a less period, on reasonable terms. LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS. Levies, 30 days #2 50 per levy; 60 deys, *#s, Executors, Administrators and Guardians Sales Real Estate,(per square, 12 lines) #4 75 Do. do. Personal Estate 3 25 Citation for Letters of Administraiian. ....2 75 • “ Dismission......... 450 Notice to Debtors and Creditors .3 25 Four Months Notices ....400 Rules Nisi, (monthly) #1 per square, each inser- r l "°cr ALL REMITTANCES PER MAIL are OUR RISK. California Items- PER GEORGIA. i iFrom the San Francisco Standard of April Ist.) prospects now aro that the yields of gold will be better than for the twelve months back; and the effects must be felt here, though it will be a long time before trade can recover fr,om the influence of the vast influx of mer chandize which has been poured upon us by exporters from all parts of the world. We continue to receive cheering accounts from all portions of the gold region. The Cosumnes, Tuolumne, Calaveras, Mokelumne, American, Feather, Scott’s, Klamath, and other rivers of gold in the mining country, send favorable accounts. The latest news from the region of San Diego renders it eertain that valuable deposits of the golden mineral have _been discovered there by the Mexicans; and re sports from the adjacent portions of the State render it probable that the mines there will be found much more productive than has been supposed they would be. The quartz mining operations have also been prosecuted with vigor and success.—Some of the veins are rich beyond all previous calcula tions. One of these veins at Nevada was sold for $135,000 and the purchaser in a few days thereafter had taken out $14,000, and dirt ready for washing which would yield $20,000 more. The operations of the Assay Office establish ed here by Congress, have already resulted so favorably that the pr ncipal bankers, in order to obtain any share in the gold dust trade at all, have been compelled to raise the price from sixteen dollars, the average rate before the establishment of the Assay office, to sev enteen dollars per ounce. Agricultural prospects have brightened con siderably in consequence of the refreshing and spring-like showers with which we continue to be favored, and there are now no fears ex pressed for the fruit of the farmer's labors —it will doubtless be abundant. The Legislature of this State have repealed “the Foreign Miners, Tax Law,” and the bu .. jiness of mining is now free to all, of every name and nation, who feel disposed to come and search for the hidden treasure. The Sacramento Times is of the opinion that the entire population of this State is about 314,000, distributed as follows : “In the northern mines, or that scope of v country lying north of San Francisco and Feather river, we give a population of 20,000. The Yuba, 40,000. —Bear river 4,000. The American fork, 50,000. The southern mines, or all that portion of the mining country of California lying south of the Americau river, 80,000. The San Joaquin valley, 10,000. Tne city of San Francisco, with the population scattered in its immediate neighborhood, 25,000. The Secramento valley, including all above San Francisco, 40,000. The coast, or that portion of the State which lies below San Francisco, bordering upon the ocean, 20,000; making in all, a population of 314,000, whioh we believe is as nearly correct as the means at hand will allow us to proximate. the past year we do not believe that over one-third of our citizens have actually been engaged in mining. After deducting that portion of our population which has been engaged in trade, transporting merchandise, agricultural pursuits, and in moving from place to place, we think the estimate which we have made is fully as great as facts will bear us out in giving. We, therefore, place the number of persons who have been engaged in mining the past year, at one hundred thous and. These men, we will suppose have work ed three hundred days, and have produced upon an average, three and one-third dollars each, per day, which gives in the aggregate, one hundred millions of dollars.” In a previous letter I referred to the heavy receipts at this port from the New Almaden quicksilver mines, which are situated in the stupendous range of mountains bounding the southern portion of the fertile valley of San £iara. They are about fourteen miles distant fro:** San Jose, t^ie P reßent Seat °f Govern ment pf California. The ore is of the richest quality, a»d the average yield is from 40 to 60 per cent. We have seen 6,000 pounds of pure quicksilver melted by the company in a sin gle day! Quicksilver is worth from seventy five oents to one dollar per pound. By recent arrivals we are in rsoeipt of heavy importations from China, Manila and New South Wales of a choice and fancy descrip tion. San Francisco does now, or very soon will,* resemble a picturesque valley iu which the richest and most beautiful product* have bsen stored. Every clime and country seem to be emulous to excel each other in sending here whatever can contribute to the comfort and luxurious enjoyment of man. Yesterday the Celestials poured into our market a great variety of those exceeding fine Üblicß which their skill exerted for centureU PnabMhe® to Produce, at once delight fng anS every beholder. Tee,, of th^’^e’eetitd Empire have recently been received. Exports of Gol» Dust from California, fob 1851.—We give an estimate at the close of the year 1850, of the production of gold m California from the Ist of April, 1849, to the Kt, t 0 f December, 1850, from whioh it appear ed that the amount reached the sum of $68,- AB7 591 We propose to continue trus sub ? *' h« giving a statement of the value of gold ’nroduced by the mines within the past quar ter commencing at the Ist of January and terminating the 31st of March 1851. ■ The Hon. W. L. Yenooy. of Montgomery, been nominated aa a candidate for Con .Me in the 2d Congreeaionai Distnot, by a SE of the term, | 9 will have to lead out the Smiling Parson, for the “war stud of Russell” won’t be no t ohar in a fight of that sort. — Guard. Definition of a Yankee.—As the Yankees are creating no little excitement in the com mercial, political, and military world, we give the definition of a genuine male Yankee that may not be considered amiss. A real genuine Yankee is of animation, checked by moderation, guided by determina tion, and supported by education. He has veneration, corrected by toleration, with a love of 6elf-approb&tion and emulation, and when reduced to a state of aggravation,can assume the most profound dissimulation for the purpose of relation, always combined, if possible, with speculation. A real live Yankee, just caught, will be found not deficient in the following qualities: Hois self-denying,self-relying, always try ing, and into everything prying. He is a lover of piety, propriety, notoriety, and the temperance society. He is a dragging, gagging, bragging, stri ving, thriving swopping, jostling, hustling, wrestling, musical, quizzical, astronomical, philosophical, poetical, and comical sort of a character, whose manifest destiny is to spread civilization to the remotest corner of the earth, with an eye always on the lookout for the main chance.— Washington Union. English and American Rivers Compared. —ln the memoranda of Dr. Breckenridge's travels in Europe, some ten years ago, the following anecdote occurs : A gentleman-like and well informed Eng lishman, who was in the stage coach with me, and who found out l was an American, after dilating on the greatness, the beauties, the majesty, in short, of this noblest of British rivers, (the Thames) concluded thus : “ Sir, it may seem almost incredible, but it is nevertheless true, that this prodigious stream is, from its mouth to its source, not much, if at all, short of one hundred and fifty tniles long!” I looked steadfastly in his face—to see if he jested ; but the gravity of deep conviction was upon it. Indeed, John Bull never jests. After composing myself a moment, I slowly responded: “ Perhaps, sir, you have never heard of the Ohio river ?” “ I think I have.” “ Perhaps of the Missouri?” “ I think so; though not sure.” “ Certainly of the Mississippi ?” “ Oh yes, yes.” “ Well, sir, a man will descend the Ohio, in a steamboat of the largest class, a thousand miles.” “ Os what, sir ? how many sir ?” “ A thousand miles; and there he will meet another steamboat of the same class, which has come in an opposite direction twelve hundred miles down the Missouri, and then after going fifteen hundred miles more, down the Mississippi—he may see that flood of waters disembegue by fifty channels into the sea.” I had made up my miud to be considered a cheat; so I went calmly and emphatically through the statement! As I progressed, my companion seemed somewhat disposed to take my story as a personal affront; but at its close, he let down his visage into a contemptuous pout, and regularly cut my acquaintance. Sudden death. —We regret to record the death in this city, at an early hour yesterday morning, of R. M. Tysen, Esq., of New-York. Ou the evening previous to his death, Mr. T. was on the Bay at his office, apparently as well as usual.—We learn that the immediate cause of his death was suffocation, from the breaking of an uloor on tbe {nngo. Mr. T. came to this city some lew months since with that inexorable disease,the consumption, firm ly fixed upon him. His health was to all ap pearance, and in his own belief.much improv ed since his arrival here. Atthi tina ; of his death, Mr. T. was the agent of the Atlintia Mutual Insurance Company. Tnough his residence here was but short, he hts found many friends,who respeoted him tor hts intel ligence and for his many amiable and gener ous traits of character. — Savannah Republican, 9th inst . Now we don’t believe that any quantity of high professions, of ranting or canting, will hold this Union together,—But a very mod erate portion of common honesty would. Let the territory of which the South has been plundered be restored. There’s the remedy in a dozen words. It’s true it may take tea millions to induce the people of California to give up the spoil. But what of that? If ten millions were given to satisfy Northern fana ticism, why not give ten to satisfy Southern rights? And now here’s an opportunity ot testing the sincerity of all this boasted love of Union, concord and fraternity.—He who is not willing to make restitution to the South of her share of California, may protest and proclaim his love of Union as loud and as long as he pleases, but it will be like faith without works—a sounding brass and a tinkling oim bal. As for compelling a State to remain in the Union by force, that’s impossible. She may be converted into a conqured province, but that dissiolves the Union as effectually as her separation. It is to prefer extinction to separ ation. As for Mr. Rhett’s speculations on the course of the federal government in a oase of secession, we are unable to form a definite opinion. We have seen so much folly and in fatuation in both parties in Congress, that we are very far from presuming that, in any controversy, they would act in a sensible manner. General Cass, Judge Douglas, and others, have intimated their belief in the ab surdity and impracticability of eoeroion. Webster, Clay, and Fillmore, are decidedly for foroe. It would seem from this that the Democratic party would be opposed to a war on South Carolina—the Whigs in favor of it. But both are uncertain. A Petrified Corpse in]Wisconsin. —The Fond du Lac Journal relates the folowing vere extraordinary case of rapid petrification. “On the 20th of August, 1847, Mrs. Phelps, w.fe of our informant, Abner P. Phelps, died and was buried at Oak Grove, in Dodge Co. On the 11th of April last, she was taken up to be removed to Strong’s landing. The cof fin was found to be very heavy, and the body to retain its ieatures and proportions. Alter its removal to Strong’s Landing, a distance of forty five miles, the body was examined and found to be wholly petrified—eonverted to a substance resembling alight colored stone. Upon trial,edge tools made no more impress ion upon it than upon marble. In striking upon the body with a metal, a hollow ringing sound was produced. The disease by which •he came to her death was chill fever and drop sy, and when the body was buried it was very much swollen. The ground in which she had been buried was a yellowish loam, and the body lay about three feet above the lime rock. (Correspondence for the Charleston Courier.) K Washington, May 6. We had, yesterday, a violent and long con tinued storm of rain, sleet and snow, and last night, a severe frost, which has probably in jured the fruit, of whioh we had so fine a promise, and which has now become, in this neighborhood, an important crop. The storm as the Telepraph informs us, was very exten* •ive. _ . Tbe last experiment by Profreso* P' Qt his Electro-Magnetic Apparatus, as a motive power, was so far successful, that it proves the practicability of his project. On a part of the route, the car was propelled at the rate of nineteen miles an hour. Farther experi ments may be attended with such success, as to establish the efficiency, applicability, and economy of this new motive power. THE CONSTITUTIONAUSY, (Secrjia. SUNDAY MORNING, MAT 11. Federalism and Consolidation. In times past, the Editor of the Southern Banner has put forth some very thorough going articles of the radical school of Demo cracy. If the advocacy of the naked princi ple, that the majority should govern, and the minority should obey, would make him a De mocrat, then he may be considered one of the first water. But if the theory could be ap plied by this model Democrat, according to the curious notions he indulges, to the action of the General Government, Federalism would again rear its hideous crest in our land, and the Confederacy become a Consolidated Em pire. It is very evident, from the tone of the remarks in the last Southern Banner , that the Editor has a very thorough contempt for State sovereignty, and looks upon a State, armed in defence of her rights, as an imperial Satrap of an Eastern despotism, would a re bellious village. It is to be over-run with Federal armies and girdled with hostile fleets, until she is whipped into submission to any law that Congress sees proper to enact. The following is a portion of a rambling ar ticle which undertakes to say that Gen. Jack son was the founder of the Democratic party , and that as he denied to a State the right of secession, and claimed for the Government the right to use force, if it were attempted by a State, that every man who opposes that monstrous doctrine of his proclamation, is a renegade from Democracy. Perish all such Democracy, say we, for ten thousand times more destructive to State Rights would such a doctrine be, if tolerated for a moment, than all the tariffs, and banks, and internal im provement bills, that a Federalist ever dream - ed of, and the greediness of a Northern capi talist ever gloated over. Let the doctrine once be recognized, and what will prevent a majority from enacting all measures, however oppressive to a minority, the former may choose to call constitutional acts : It is in vain that the edit >r of the Constitution alist and the renegades from the folds of the na tional democracy, may attempt to snatch the rod from her hands, and turn it upon nineteen-twen tieths of her votaries throughout the Union. She holds it too firmly in her grasp, and will only ap ply it the more soundly to the shoulders of her apostsite sons. Let us now look at pilose parts of , his editorial which relate to. Mr. and Mr. Douglass. Here, again, he is equally unfortunate. What kind of madness was it, except that which comes from oating fire, which prompted him to endeavor to array these gentlemen in opposition?— They are both compromise and Union men, and, oar word for it, both will be found faithful ty*he execution of *ue laws of the Onion over the head even of a seceding state. We shall not stoop to repel the absurd and ungenerous insinuation of Mr. Cobb be ing the nominee of a clique of Washington politi cians. It is too shallow and muddy a pool for a grown man to play in. We feel bound, however, to repel the inference drawn by the Constitution , alist, in favor of the right of secession, from the speech of Mr. Douglass. In repeating the truism that our government “cannot be maintained by force” he is far from as sertiug that force may not or ought not be used by the government to exacute t >e laws of the Union. It is difficult to maintain any government long by force alone, as contradistinguished from justice, and particularly a republican government. It is stillfmore difficult to maintain, for any length of time, a federative government by force. The fa cilities of organized resistance possessed by the component states, forbid the idea of force being substituted for justice. But nevertheless,in every form of government under Heaven, there must be some power to en force the observance of the laws. If tha form be a purely national one, they are enforced over the heads of rebellions subjects or pro vinces—if pure ly federal, they are executed upon warring states Yet all of this is by consent. The proposition is the simple and easy one—“we form a government by consent, and agree that whoever resists the laws of that government shall be forced into obe dience by the remainder of she society” We, of course, mean bylaws, since the days of written constitutions and limited governments, the acts of the government authorized by the constitution. Constitutional acts of government must be execut ed at the point of the sword, if necessary, or there is no government. The Editor talks :iere of constitutional acts being executed at the point of the sword, and executed upon warring States. Bui who is to decide whether they are constitutional or not ? If the Government is to settle that matter ex clusively for itself, then not the Constitution, but the way a majority in Congress construe it, is the limit of its powers. But admitting that the citizens of a State are bound to obey constitutional acts, the question is, can States protect her citizens from the oppression of unconstitutional acts by seceding from the Union r By what au thority were the citizens of a State ever sub jected to the laws of the Federal Govern ment } The authority of the Stater of which they were citizens, and to which they owed allegiance before the Federal Gorcrnment, was formed. The same*authority can release them by secession. Were all the parties to the compact willing and anxious to break up the FederU Union, and for each State to resume its sepaiate exist ence, there is but one way to do it. That is by secession—each State acting for itself. It could not be dona by revolution in its ordinary sense j —that is, by the masses rising up in arms as ] in a consolidated Government, and over-?i throwing the Government by force, *nd pla- * cing in power new Federal rulers. If each State could act by itself and for it,* j self, with the consent of all the others, maj t it not do so with the consant of a smallet» number > Certainly. What smaller number t \ The Constitution does not specify, and there- j fore it does not result, from the nature, or j terms of the compact, that it is incumbent on a State that chooses to secede, to ask the per- j mission to do so, of any one or more States.. As to the conjecture of the Southern Ban ner that Mr. Douglass would place himself by the side of Mr. Cobb in an armed expedi tion to enforce laws to which she was no party,- upon a seceding State, we have only to ex- j prees our doubts as to his eorteotness. We j have a better opinion of the good sense and i the State Rights principles of the Senator firom Illinois. But while we would not for a mo ment desiie to see either of those distinguished gentlemen, towards whom personally we feel not the slightest ill-will, so silly as to put themselves in harm’s way by going upon any such tyranical errand, we wish them, as we should all such invaders of any Scate, whether it be South Carolina or Massachu setts M a welcome with bloody hands to hos pitable graves.” Should the gallant editor of the Banner , even, volunteer on any such expe dition against South Carolina, we wish him no worse luck than to be met by a squad of wo men from the banks of the Tugaloo, dressed in men’s apparel, under the command of a second Jane Young, who shall beat him back to the Georgia side, not w*ith rifle-bored pistols and bowie knives, but with broom sticks. It may be as well for the editor of the Ban ner not to attempt to repel the insinuation of Mr. Cobb being nominated for Governor by a clique at Washington City. It is very cer tain that the first whisper on the subject came from them. It was never mentioned or thought of in Georgia, until after it was suggested and talked of at Washington City. It was em phatically a movement of the Washington City politicians. Augusta Free School. We have been pleased to note the steady progress of the Augusta Free School in ex tending its usefulness in our community. It has become, under the energetic and skilful management of the Principal, Mr. Snowden, efficient.y assisted as he is by Mrs. Prouty, at the head of the female department, an insti tution of great importance and value among us. It will be interesting to our city readers to learn its flourishing condition. We there fore append the following statement of the number of pupils taught there daily. FIRST WARD. Girls 32 Boys. 49 Bl SECOND WARD. Girls 23 Boys 19 42 [third ward. Girls ..31 Boys 45 76 FOURTH WARD. Girls: 68 Boys 61 129 Boys from Harrisburgh, Savannah and Milledgeville roads 10 Boys and Girls whose attendance is irregular 15 25 Total 353 Gur citizens can see by this statement of the number in attendance, that there are pu pils enough to fill four schools, one for each ward. It is worthy of consideration whether a sebped for each ward would, not greatly pro mote the cause of education a«on s ue. Mr. Houghton by his will made munificent provi sions for a Free School in the first ward. The above statement shows that the 4th ward sends more scholars to the Free School than both the second and third wards together. The distance of the School from portions of that ward may deter others? particularly small children, that would otherwise be sent. A separate School for that ward would be a great blessing, and we think worthy the attention of the City Council. The Free School, being centrally situated for the second and third wards, will be sufficient for their wants . The propriety of an entire separation of the male and female departments has been sug gested. If a female School were established in the second ward, and the precent building appropriated exclusively to boys, we believe there would be a large increase of female scholars. Though the present management is unexceptionable, and the two schools kept distinct, yet many parents are doubtless re luctant to send their daughters to a mixed school. This whole subject is worthy the attention of our citizens, and we hope will stimulate the liberality of the wealthy to some voluntary movements in the matter. We would add in this connection that large as is the number of scholars, all receive ample attention and make very satisfactory progress under their present efficient and faithful teachers. Polities in Alabama- The Mobile Register , a Southern Rights, anti- Secession paper, and a long established organ of the Democratic party, gives the following glimpse of the position of parties in Alabama, and of the character of the opposition that is organizing to defeat Gov. Collier in that State. As the Democratic Southern Rights p arty of Georgia'will probably put forth a Democra tic candidate for Governor, coinciding in es sential particulars with the views of Gov. Collier, the position of affairs in the two States will afford many points of resemblanoe. Governor Collier. —The position of Gov, Collier, since it has been distinctly explained ia his letter to Col. Burke, of Wilcox, and in the articles of the Tuscaloosa Observer, writ ten by his authority, gives satisfaction to wery one except the ultraists of either ex treme. The Secessionists are offmded with him, because he has not entered into their mad scheme of a dismemberment of the Union for existing evils. They accused him. of re tracting views which he has hitherto express ed, and of now adopting the most abject doc trines of the submissionists. In their hot haste,—for they do things under the impulses of excitement. —some of them are now re nouncing their quondam favorite and are call ing loudly for another Richmond to take the Wd, as the representative candidate of their ifeculiar views. it The pseudo-Union men, alias ts submission |ts,” alias ultra Whigs, are equally uneasy |id querulous about the Governor's position, although he has avowed his willingness to cquiesoein the Compromise Measures, —and his they have hitherto declared to be the test nd shibboleth of their faith, —the one great rinciple which was to merge all others, — ley are not satisfied with his views, but are |*sempting to question his soundness and to iiviet him of duplioity, in entertaining sen tents adverse to those which he now ex jpses. They, too, are turning “ the cool shoulder” upon his Excellency, and are se dulously seeking for a candidate, whose pri vate sentiments and understandings may be more accordant with their own. The cause of this double opposition is Tery obvious. Governor Collier’s position is in conflict with the real purpose and design of both these parties. Their prime object —in which they agree—is to break down the po litical organizations which have hitherto ex isted in this State, and to build up new par ties which may obtain the oontrol of affairs, for their own advantage. This is particularly true of the self-styled Union party. It ia, as we have frequently said, but the Whig party in disguise. Being in a minority in Alabama, having always been so, and having no hope for the future under its present form and de signation, —it seeks, like Proteus, to change its outward appearance, and assume a more attractive name. At the present time, when political affairs have been in a disorganized state, and are just beginning to settle back in to "their natural forms, it hopes to gather around itself such accessions of strengrh, as the bug-bear of Secession may frighten from - the Democratic ranks, and as may be allured i by the attractive watchward-the Union. Their cunning policy having been devised, it must be carried out by its own instruments and ap ! pliances—its own candidates for the offices of : the State. These, as far as possible, have al , ready been determined on. We have all seen , how sedulously search has been made in the Democratic ranks for some leading politician who would lend himself to this movement, as a candidate for Governor. As yet the suc cess of the effort has not been machs public ; but it is well understood that thtl “ Union party,” led on by the well-known Whig lead ers, have such a candidate in reserve, and will enter him for the purse, at a fitting season. This is the true reason of the opposition to Gov. Collier in this quarter. Not that his views as to the Union are not sound and con ; servative, —but that he interferes with the plans and arrangements of this newly bap tized school of veteran politicians. That they do not coincide with all his views and senti ments, is no doubt true. He is too strongly opposed to the aggressive Legislation of Coa , gress; he is too anxious for the protection of Southern Rights; he is too deeply tinctured with the Republican deefcrines of Jefferson and Madison ; in a word, he is too decidedly Democratic, for these gentlemen. This one fact excludes him from all favorable conside ration with them, —notwithstanding, in all essential particulars, he is as good, in our opinion a better Union man than they. The great mass of the people of Alabama, will see that these are the real reasons of the opposition to Gov. Collier's re-election. It proceeds from the extremes. The people of this State do not coincide with either of these party divisions. They repudiate them both. They entertain exactly the views expressed by the Governor. Holding the “ Compromise Measures” to be unjust to the South; believ ing our institutions to be in danger from con tinued aggressions; feeling that the utmost limit of endurance has been reached, they can never approve the conduct of men sanctioned those measures, —much less, unite with them in an attempt to merge all efforts for protection, all movements for developing and strengthening the resources of the South —in a great party organization under the ad captandum title of the Union. On the other f hand they are not disorganisers,—they deem Secession unwise, unsafe, inexpedient. Their great purpose is to contend in the Union for the rights of the South. This is the party of the people !—the De i mocratic party! They have now taken the field. Governor Collier is the correct expo nent of their doctines. Shunning the Federal policy of consolidation, on one hand, and the suicidal rashness of disunion,on the other,they hope by a strict construction cf the Constitution , to maintain our jnational confederacy, and the clear rights of all its parts. That this party and its candidate will be triumphant in the next August elections, we cannot, for a moment doubt. Southern Sights Meeting' in Gwinnett County- At a meeting of the Southern Rights Party of Gwinnett, held at Lawrencevilie, on the inst., of which Col. N. L. Hutchins was Chairman, Kenan T. Terrell, I H. Allen, E. A. Mills, j J. M. Young, Esqs., Were appointed Delegates to the Convention to nominate a candidate for Governor, which assembles at Milledgeville on the 2Sth of this month. That Crazy Woman- That woman of slender form, black hair, gray eyes and forty-five years old, that was after Col. Holsey, not with a sharp stick, but with two pistols and a bowie-knife, had been previously in Augusta. The Augusta Republic makes the following statement of the fact. As she is after the submission editors, ac cording to Col. Holsey’s construction, we doubly congratulate ourselves that we do not belong to that school. She probably knew our friend Smythe was a fire-eater and did not even inquire as to his political principles. This woman called at our office some weeks ago on a similar errand. She did not shoot however, n.r did she inquire as to our political principles. The editor of the Banner seems to think that his political course has excited the wrath of this old lady, and led her to take this attempt to destroy him. We think she is a monomaniac—deranged on this particular sub ject. Southern Rights Meeting- m DeKalb- On the first Tuesday of May, at Decatur, the citizens who had met together, to appoint Delegates to Milledgeville, consisting of Stato Rights Democrats, were oallel into the Court House. Judge L. Johnston was called to the Chair, and John L. Harris requested to act as Secretary. After some remarks by different gentlemen, upon the necessity of forming a party upon the principles of State Rights, and a Strict Construction of the Constitution, as expound ed by Madison, Jefferson, and the other re publican Fathers— On motion, James J. Winn, P. J. Ward, J. B. Wilson, James Milligan, and John W. Fowler, were appointed to draft resolutions for the consideration of the meeting, who, thereupon retired, and reported the following Preamble and Resolutions: Your Committee have had under conside ration the duties assigned them, and after mature deliberation, beg leave to make the following Report; That at this time, the friends of republican principles are holding meetings, generally, throughout the State, to appoint Delagates to the State Convention, and we respeotfully re commend to the consideration of this meet ing the following Resolutions, lately adopted by our friends in Wilkinson oounty: « Resolved , That in the present eventful criai of our country’s history, when all thetenden eies of the Government are to a consolidation of its powers, that it is essential to a prefer ration of the Constitution in its purity, and of the liberties it was designed to secure, that those great fundamental republican principles should be cherished and sustained, which hare conducted our country to the proud ele vation which she now enjoys among the na tions of the earth. « " Resolved , That among those great funda mental republican principles, we recognise ae cardinal and paramount, that the Federal | Government is a Government of limited pow ers, having no control over the States or peo ple thereof, except that expressly conceded, or that necessary to carry into effect conceded powers; that as a necessary consequence, the States are sovereign as regards all the rights not there conceded, and that it becomes the people thereof, at all hazards, as they love the Constitution and Union, vigilantly to guard and protect themselves against all encroach ments upon those rights reserved to the States. “Resolved, That these doctrines, taught and illustrated by Jefferson and Madison—doc trines which gloriously triumphed in 1800, have ever been recognized and adopted by all republicans ; and that they are doctrines, con cerning which, Troup men and Clark men. Union men and States Rights men, in Geor gia, never heretofore differed. “Resolved, That these are now, as they have ever been, the doctrines of the Democratie party, and we still hold their maintenance essential to the preservation of the Union and the liberties bequeathed to us by our fathers; and that inasmuch as the Ststes of the South ern section of this Union, are in a doomed minority, and vitally interested in an institu tion scoured by the Constitution, it is suicidsl, especially on their part, not to adhere to it at the sheet anchor of their safety. “Resolved, That upon the agitating question which now divides the North and South, that Georgia, in her sovereign capacity, by her Convention in December last, defined her po sition ; that, as Georgians, loyal to the ex pressed will of the people, we acquiesce in that position, and pledge ourselves to see that Georgia takes no step backwards.*’ Resolved Ihet we approve of the Conven tion proi osed to be held in Milledgeville by the friends of Republican principles, of De mocracy, and of the Rights of the States, which can be no other than the friend* of Southern Rights, for the purpose of nomina ting a candidate for Governor, and earnestly, but respectfully, suggest that the Couveutiou assemble on the last Wednesday in May, inst. Which resolutions being read, were adopted without a dissenting voice. The Committee to seleot Delegates to the Convention, consisting oi Messrs. Phillip Burfort, Isaiah Parker, John L. Evans, Wil liam Beauchamp, J. C. Farrar, Killoe Brown, and John Hu«y, retired, »n,d aimsr a short ab sence, reported tk« names of Allen E. John son, John Tu. Evan* Johnathan B. Wilson, James Millig as suitable Delegates. Which selection was approved by the meet ing. Upon motion, it was resolved that the pro ceedings of this meeting be published in the Atlanta Intelligencer, and the Southern Right* Democratic presses of the State. J. L. JOHNSON, Chairman. John L. Hakbis, Secretary. BP" Telegraph, Augusta Republic, Federal Union, and other papers friendly to the cause, please copy. Dreadful Dbatk.—A little boy, the eon of Hon. 7*. F. Smith, of Rochester, (N. Y.,) was missed one day last week by the family, and search made for him. On the next morning, means were taken for a more extended search. The cistern, well, and out houses were again examined, and the yard was thoroughly in vestigated. The result was the finding the body of the child in a corner of the yard, six or eight rods distance from the house, head foremost in a deep post hole. In playing about, he must have fallen in, and have been unable to attract attention by his cries. And there, half buried, as it were, and suffocated, this little fellow met a most horrid death, within reach of his own house. Sthamsoat fob Savannah. —We understand that Messrs. John S. Brown & Co. have con tracted with a company in Savannah, Geor gia, for the construction of a fine steamboat, designted to ply on the waters of that State. The boat is for parties who have heretofore gone to New York for their boats, but who have now determined to give Baltimore a trial. They could not have contracted with more competent parties, or those more likely to give satisfaction than Messrs. Brown & Co. —Baltimore Americaa, Bth inst. —— SPECIAL NOTICES. A CARD. ~~ (CPA Gentleman of Classical Education, who Im had experiuce in the conduct of a Newspaper, i» desirous of forming a c >nnecticn with a Journal in any of the Southern cities, as Editor or Assistaa Editor. He is of Democratic principle , and re fers to the Editor of the “ Constitutionalist” as to ability and standing. Address A.8., Office of the li Constitutionalist,” Augusta, Ga. may 11 MASONIC NOTICE, 0 s A Regular Meeting of Webbs Lodge, No. 10, will be held at the MASONIC HALL,To- Morrow Evening, 12th inst. at half past 7 o’clock P. M. Transient Brethren are respeet fully invited to attend. By order of the W. M. may 11 B. B. RUSSELL, Secretary. SOUTHERN RIGHTS MEiTTmar - ' O’ The Southern Rights Party of Wilkes, are requested to meet at the Court House in Washington, on TUESDAY, the 20th of this month, to appoint Delegates to the Convention, to nominate a candidate for Governor, may 10 tdeetd Many Voter*. By Particular Request, A SECOND CONCERT OP SACRED MUSIC, WILL BE 01VEN OiV TUESDAY EVENING, 13 tk INST Ogsoiat Mr. Sofge Director Mr. Srrivae. Particulars will be given in time, may 6 DODGE'S SKYLIGHT DAGUiSI HEIAN GALLERY. i h»Tin|receat. ly introduced several very important improvement* in the process of Daguerrectyping, he is now we pared to execute pictures of peculiar brim a n«V and effect. His experience as a Miniature Pail Ur for the last fifteen years, gives him superior advantages oyer other operators. His oiitwSl are celebrated for their eaprewiee, rieEn.””* tone and artistieai arrangement. Hia laro-a <aJ» aad B.D. L,«t enable. lim .o produci SCf" of unsurpassed beauty. A great variety* of gant specimens may be seen at his rooms whick ail are invited to call and examine * r^y.“ rr .! i ‘si 3,0 v S l r * lle ' •>*" Uariison Qni.k Camera at New York coat. Full in.traotie»e given in the art. Gailery next door to the Post Office. *P 9 3m E 3. DOiHs K