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OtlrllisL BV CJHEi A: BI KE. AlftlSTA, Gi. FRIDAY, JULY 6, 1839. VOL. X AO, 6. TIIL CONSTITUTIONALIST, Publi«iltcd every Tuesday unit Friday. IV MACINTOSH STREET, | Third door from the north-v.est comer of Broud-Strcet. I Sales of LAND , by Administrators, Executors, or Guar dians, are required, by laic, to be held on the first Tues. day in the mouth, between the hours of ten in the fore noon and three in the afternoon, at the Court-House in h the county in which the property is situate. —Notice of these sales must be guru in n public Gazette SIXTY IIA VS precious to the day of sale. Wkisalet of NEC ROES must he at public auct ion, on the first Tuesday of the month, between the usual hoursof sale, at the place of public sales in the county where the letters Testamentary, of Administration or Guar dianship, may hare been granted,first giving SIXTY DA Y S notice thereof, in one of the public Gazettes oj I I•> this State, and at the door of the Court-House, where such sales are, to be held. I Notice for the sale of Personal Property must be given in like wanner, FOR TY days previous to the day of sale. WSSotire to the Debtors and Creditors of an Estate, must he published for /• OR 7 V days. l iX iticrthnt application will be made to the Court rs Ordi nary for leave to sell LAND , must he published fur | I OCR MONTHS. I Notice for leave to sell NEGROES, must he published for FOUR MONTHS, before any older absolute shod he made thereon by the Court. TARIFF. M ,. | jL’.; tracts from the Speech of Mr. McDuffie, in the House of Representatives of the I nited States, May 2 8, 1832, on the bill proposing a reduction of the duties on imports : lt‘ there were no sych products in the United i States as cotton, tobacco, or rico, would not tire llprotecling system be downright nonsense—a lH«rc impotent monument of human fully ? How i-uuld the People of the United States obtain Foreign manufactures, when they had nothing to pay for them ? And what could t - more absurd and stupid than to prohibit the import ition.uf articles which could not possibly to imported, even if there were no prohibition?! if these views are not radically erroneous,| V e have now u distinct view of the real parties! So this contest. They arc not the foreign man- Bnfaciurers and the domestic manufacturers, (for, : t i se can come in conflict only in foreign mar mt is,) but they are the planters of the South and ; ■//(<• manufacturers of the North. 'Co all the purposes of this argument. I am as Utruly a manufacturer of cotton and woollen goo!« as tiie gentleman from Massachusetts,! Jifwho sits by my side, it is true, Ido not manu-l Sfhctere them by the same process, but it is one; Hripiallv as lawful, decidedly cheaper, and cer-| ; thinly not loss honest. 1 cultivate the earth.! Sand convert i s products into manufactures, byj kxchan '.e, while the gentleman from Massacku- Hsetts accomplishes the same object by turning 5 spindles and throwing shuttles. The onl} material difference between the two operations, is, th it mine adds most to the wealth ■of the nation, precisely in the degree that lean ijlsell mv manufactures cheaper than he can sell j Shis. But he has had the art to persuade the (jo-I |h eminent that this circumstance, which should! ■make me the favored producer, is a reason why ,|| 1 should be heavily taxed with a view to exclude! ■my cheap productions from the market, and ■go ea preference to his, at higher prices. 1 will n<*w slate a plain case, byway of prac latical illustration, which 1 never have known to ■l>e presented to a popular audience without pro aducing the most perfect conviction, that the pro ■tectiug duties are oppressive and unequal taxes! ■upon the productions of the planters, imposed! Ili-ir the purpose of giving bounties to the nianu ■ lecturers. But us suppose, then, that the gentleman| from Massachusetts, a gentleman from Connec-| fiticut, and a gentleman from Rhode Island, had| Informed a manufacturing co-partnership, for the! ■purpose of making and vending cotton A' wool-| ■ leu manufactures. Let it be also supposed that; ■ the gentleman from Virginia, before me, (Mr.j ■ Annint,) the gentleman fiom Georgia, (Mr.i §M AVXK,) and myself, had formed a planting ■co-partnership, for the purpose of rearing tobac- Sco, ric*, and cotton : and that, in order to save la 7 7 7 , ■ the expense of numerous commercial agents, live had determined to ship our agricultural sta- Bples to Liverpool, under the charge of a super -11 cargo, to be exchanged for cotton and woollen IS manufactures, which were s o be brought into ®the United States, and sold for the benefit of the ■co-partnership. It shall be assumed tliat the ■ planting company annually send to Liverpool.! ■conon, tobacco, and rice, to the amount 0f850,-; ■ 000. and convert them into cotton and woollenj ■manufactures, and that the manufacturing com ■panr produce, annually, the same quantify! Banff quality of cotton and woollen manufactures-! IB >th these companies bring their respective: ■ cocas into the markets of Richmond, Charles-' ■ ‘ n, and Savannah, with a view to make sale of ■ ■hem. They are, in every sense, competitors] ■i the verv same markets, for tlie sale of the »L ry same sort of manufactures. !!{ U will not be denied that the planting compa ny have ns sacred a title to their manufactures, the manufacturing company can possibly !h ivo to theirs. For can it be denied that the of the planting company areas: exclusively the productions of domestic Indus-j ‘ry, as those of their rivals. There is not a jingle fibre in the whole mass that is not the' vn > ’action of American industry. Here, then, are two American companies, each having pro-' d tions of their own industry, to the amount of 5.>0,000, equally entitled to the protection ot tae Government, and equally liable to be taxed mr its support, indeed, if cither could be con * Icrod as entitled to favour, it would be the C ' | v “’s of the planting company. First, because tic’y could be sold cheaper, and would thus add more to the wealth of the nation : and, second ■v. because the planting company would be in Mc-r own peculiar markets. h et, how would these two companies be res ; actively treated, when they should come to the * hi;hern custom-houses with their respective productions ? The manufacturing company "■'■uld be permitted to pass into the markets ot irginia, South-Carolina, and Georgia, with ‘ northern productions, without any trouble for expense, let, or hindrance, whatever. But ! the planting company would be arrested in theii progress, by the collectors, who would inform them, I doubt not, with ceremonious courtesy, “ that they could not be permitted to enjoy the very valuable privilege of bringing their own productions into their own markets —a privilege for which they were entirely indebted to tbs pa ternal indulgence of the Federal Government — without paying a duty, (I will suppose,) of forty j per cent.” | The whole of the duty would amount to the enormous sum of twenty thousand dollars. As the goods of the manufacturing company would have just passed in free of all duty, the rival company of planters would very naturally ask the cause of this odious discrimination, and, par ticularly, why they were required to pay forty ■per cent, when less than half that duty would supply an ample revenue to the Government? ! The Collectors would, no doubt, reply, in the true spirit of their vocation, “you are mistaken, gentlemen, if you suppose these high duties are levied upon your productions for the sake of re venue. This is quite a secondary considera tion. The great and patriotic ground upon which they are levied, is, that it is deemed quite injuri ous to the wealth and prosperity of the free States of the North, that you should undersell their manufacturers, even in your own markets, with the productions of your own industry; and these duties are therefore levied, by a provident and paternal Government, for the very purpose of excluding your productions, which would be ruinously cheap without the duties, in order tliat ycur more patriotic rivals may increase the na tional wealth, and ‘provide for the common de fence,’ by selling the same sort of goods at much higher prices!!” Suppressing, for a moment, the indignant feel ings which this characteristic colloquy is calcu lated to excite, by the bare imagination of it, I will command patience to go through with the illustration: and suppose that the company of planters submit to the outrage, both of the law and the commentary, and pay the twenty thou j sand dollars demanded as a tribute. What will j be the respective conditions of the two compa -1 nies, when they come with their respective pro. I clue.ions into the southern markets? Their rc ! lative conditions may be briefly stated. And !;mark the result which follows with a mathemati i cal certainty, which no ingenuity can evade or deny. Both of the companies offering goods in the same common markets, will, as a matter of course, obtain the very same price for them. It ! follows as a corollary, tliat the planting compa ■ ny will realize from the productions of their ; honest and law ful industry, in their own peculiar j markets, twenty thousand dollars less than the I manufacturing company will receive for the same ' quality ! ! And this inequality, sir, is produced exclusively by the unrighteous and oppressive interference of this Government, claiming for this very outrage upon the principles of eternal ; justice, the sacred titfo of a protecting and pater naJ Government! Can any man deny this? Will any man, admitting it, dare to stand up and justi j fy or defend it. ? i If, sir, 1 have boon successful in proving that i tlie imported manufactures obtained In exchange ; for the staple productions of tlie southern states, ! are the exclusive productions of the industry of these states, another obvious illustration pre sents itself to elucidate the palpable injustice of this system. Let it be supposed tliat the people of tlie south made these goods by the use of machinery, in the same manner as they are made at the north, 1 would they have a title to them any more sacred j i than thev now have to the imports acquired by ' purchase? This will hardly be pretended. : Would they not be as lawful a subject of taxa i lion as our imports are now? Would you not ihave precisely the same right to contend that jifree manufacturing labour, at a dollar a day, |! could not compete with slave labor at one-fourth jj the price, and, upon this ground, claim a protect, i ing and discriminating excise duty of forty or ■ tiflv per cent. ? There is not an iota of differ. I ence in the two cases, except in the mode of pro ducing the southern manufacture, and the name of the duty levied upon it. How, then, would stand the comparison ? A duty of forty or fifty per cent, w ould be imposed I upon the productions, of tlie south, while the ve !ry same productions of the north, produced in the very same mode, would be absolutely ex i empted from all duty. I put it to the candor of this committee, whether, if this were the form in which these discriminating duties of protec. • lion were levied, there could be found a freeman upon the face of the earth who would not cry out i “cravens! dastards! base and degenerate slaves!" !; to the people who would patiently submit to such . as\ stem ? Sir, this scheme of artfully disguised ,| oppression would not have been borne for two . w ars, if it had been originally presented without ; the disguise by which i:s true character and ope ■ | ration are concealed from its suffering victims. j Is there any error in this mods of stating the ij nature oF this unjust and oppressive system? Am I laboring under some strange delusion ? If I am, I sincerely hope some gentleman will be able to disenchant me. But, if J have any rea soiling faculties at all, a discriminating excise dutv, levied exclusively upon the manufactures j of the south, exempting those of the north en- J tirely, would, in no solitary respect, be more in jurious or oppressive to the southern producers, ,!j than the existing system of protecting duties is to the southern planters. ******* What have we been told by the advocates ' |of the protecting system on this flour and else i where ! Why, that if we repeal or materially . reduce the protecting mines, you sweep with the >! b«som of destruction, the entire face of the man . ufact irincr ta’es. and leave that whole region a ; scene of desolation. Sir. is this so 7 Is it true .! that the reduction of the burthens of taxation will i' desolate a portion of the states ot tins confede racy ? If it be sc. how eloquently, how irre .- sistiblv, does it demonstrate the proposition for d! which I am contending, and how plainly does il \ f ;x the seal of condemnation upon that system oi J! plunder against which I am now raising my voice 1 f • What. Sir ! The reduction of the taxes spread ill desolation 1 Was the like ever heard before : di How will this desolation be produced ? It is ut- tjlterly impossible—remember, sir, I bar necro : j nancy—that the repeal or the reduction of tax a lescan desolate one portion of the country, un . 1 less it be true that they are drawn from the in ? dustry of another portion, and transferred by i legislative injustice to the favored region of pro c| tection. While, therefore, gentlemen are elo -: quently prefiguring their own desolation, which is to result from restoring to my constituents on r-| }y a part of their long lost righ s, they do noth j ing more than draw a picture of the desolation • which the protecting system has already pro si duced throughout the southern Atlantic States. 1 j I, therefore, solemnly invoke you, by the prin ]! ciples of justice, the ties of honor and patriot tj ism, the guaranties of the constitution, and by -1 all the sanctities of social life, not to uphold any r longer this gigantic system of injustice and op ]\ pression ! ) ♦ ♦ * Will any gentleman have the goodness to , 'point out what right of tlie manufacturers i vio- Ulate when 1 carry my cot'or. to Europe, ex - change it for manufactures, and bring them into - the United States for the purpose of using them i myself, or of selling them to other people ? No, . sir, it cannot be Jone. On the other hand, there 3 is no difficulty in pointing out the rights of the li planters which you violate when you shackle , their exchanges with res notions, and incumber I them with taxes, in order to benefit the manu t facturers —you violate the right of property — ■ the right to make tlie most they can, in a lawful i way, by the production of their Indus ry. j To what charter, human or divine, can you ■ ‘appeal for the power of taking away the proper ty of one man for the purpose of giving it to an- i 1 other ? No government on the lace of the earth ever had, or ever can have, the right to exercise ■ such a power, either directly or indirectly, open ■ ly or in disguise. It really appears to me, that, Tin the evil times on which we have fallen, lan ■ | guage lias lost its meaning, and that the world is fj governed by a miserable cant of hypocrisy and j deception. You openly and imblushingly perpetrate plun -1 der, and consecrate the outrage by calling it 'protection! Do gentlemen understand the im . |port of words? Protection! Protection against 'what ? Is there a band of foreign mercenaries | threatening to plunder and lay waste the manu facturing establishments of the North ? If there ■ be any such danger to be apprehended, youhuve only to call upon the generous spirit of the South and thousands will rally under your standard, prepared to shed tlie last drop ol their blood in ■ defending your rights and repelling the in vaders. • But there is no foreign army threatening iuva • sion : and I again ask, against what is it that ; the manufacturers clamor so loud for protection? ; But one answer can bo truly given to thisqties -1 bon; they desire to be protected against a lair 3 and equal competition with the productions ot r southern Indus'ry. Involve it, mystify it, dis -1 guise it as you may, “to this complexion it must ■ come at last.” The real invaders against whom 1 this clamorous uproar for protection is raised, - are the planters of cotton, tobacco and rice. — These are the true rivals of the northern manu t facturers, and but for them not a single voice 3 would be beard, from one extremity of- his con , fedcracy to the other, calling for protecting f laws. ******* f If the southern states were sunk by an earth quake, or if cotton, tobacco, and rice, were i stricken from the list of natural productions by i some revolution in the laws of nature, is there , jany man hero so utterly ignorant of the laws of 1 ■ commerce, as to suppose that the twenty cen' ,• calico of Massachusetts would require any pro . tection against the ten cent calico of England ? - They never could be brought into competition, t In what manner, and for what purpose would t the Birmingham and Manchester manufacturers , bring their goods into the market of the U nited i S ates, and what would they obtain in exchange -for them ? Gentlemen will find this a very puz r zling inquiry. With a view to excite our na -jitional prejudices against the nations of Europe .!; with whom we trade, and particularly agains e | England, the most valuable of all our custo- Imers, it is said that our bread-stuffs areexelud e led by their corn laws, paid that, of the vast a -1 mount of our annual exports to those countries - from which we receive manufactures, the pro ! ductions of the northern states amount to a - mere bagatelle. f Now, sir, if England and France, and the i other manufacturing nations of Europe, will not . receive any of the productions of the northern i states, I beseech gentlemen to inform me how t | the northern states can require protection a ‘ 'gainst the manufactures of these nations ? What i j higher protection can they desire against so -1 j reign manufactures than that which arises from 3 : the"want of the means of paying for them? , ******* It is of the utmost importance, therefore, toj ‘he true understanding of this subject, that we‘ s bear constantly in mind the distinction between ? the money price and the exchangeable value of f j cotton, tobacco, and rice, as they are affected j e; bv the promoting system. In 'he Report of the) Committee of Ways and Means, it is assumed! J that the real price, or exchangeable value of si co‘Son, is diminished at least two cents a pound, . by the indirect operation of the protecting du .l ties. 1 confidently believe that the diminution is much greater than even this estimate, which s' I will now attempt to prove by a plain analysis. It is agreed that the planner gets no more mo ney for his cotton, and I have granted, (contra st ry* to the fact) that he gets as much, as if he - enjoyed a free trade. Now, what are the uses v! to which the planter can apply his money ? If! e | he wishes to purchase cotton or woollen mauu .j! facturcs, he will have :o give, upon an average. f -10 or 50 per cent, more lor them in consequence gl'of the projecting dudes; and, as a ma ter of .1 ; course, in this branch of his exchanges, the va . lue of his money will be proper ionately dimin . ished. If he w ishes to purchase iron, for the r purposes of his plantation, he will have to give ,tat least one hundred per cent, more than r would if cost if trade were free : and, of course, it would ! require two dollars to purchase what ought to be d but one. If he wishes to purchase iron man -7j ufactures, he will have to give twenty-seven .-'and a half per cent.; and, if shoes or hate, j thirty-three per cent, more than they would cos f inirn, but for the protecting duties. Applying 'this course of reasoning to the whole catalogue . [of protected articles, it will be found, that, upon j the grand aggregate oiThe purchases he hasoc . icasiou to make of these articles, with the money I obtained for his cotton, it will require, upon an ['average, about forty-five per cent, more tkau it I would cost if the protecting duties were repeal led. And here, sir, it is proper to remark, that these facts clearly indicate a diminution of the real price, or exchangeable value of cotton, whe ther the planter himself actually consumes these I various articles which I have enumerated, or not, ! The burthen is unalterably fixed upon tlie plan ter as a producer; for he is compelled, either to import these articles himself, in direct exchange for his cotton, and pay the duties on them out of his own pocket, or to receive money in exchange for his cotton. If he imports or receives money, he obtains a commodity degraded in value by tlie very sys tem which compels him to receive it. It is pre cisely the same thing to him as if he were com o polled to receive any other commodity, in like | manner degraded in its value. Even, therefore, ; j if he should not wish to lay out more than one- j half, or one-third of it in protected articles, he j must either retain it barren and unproductive in | his coffers, or let some other person have it, by | whom it would be applied to the purchase of | the very protected articles. And as it would ! be no more valuable in the hands of this third j person for purchasing such articles, than it was i in the hands of the planter, it is evident, that whatever ardcle the planter might receive for it, would be diminished in quantity in exact propor tion to the degradation of the value of specie. So that, unless it be assumed that money has an intrinsic value, without any reference to the o ther commodities it will purchase, it follows that the exchangeable value of cotton is diminished by the protecting system, in the exact proportion I tliat the prices of the other articles are increas ed by it. If, when the planter exchanges his cotton in Liverpool for money, he were permitted to ex j change that money for English manufactures, j as freely as he is permitted here to exchange it ! for northern manufactures, he would undoubt | edly obtain a much more valuable exchange for his productions. In a word, money which he receives in England is worth forty or fifty per cent, more there than it is here, for all the uses to which he wishes to apply it. But you inter pose your protecting duties, and thereby pre vent him from using it in England, under the heavy penalty of forty or fifty per cent., in or. der that he may be compelled to bring it into the Uuiied States, and applying it to the pui‘- chase of domestic manufactures, at prices forty [or fifty per cent, higher ihan they would cost | him in England. However it may be disguised, therefore, by the interposition of the various a gents by whom the complicated process of the foreign exchange is performed, it is, neverthe j less, certain, that the alternative is presented to the planter, either to exchange his cotton for foreign manufactures, and pay forty or fifty per cent, on the value of them for the privilege of making the exchange, or to exchange it for do. mestic manufactures, and pay forty or fifty per cent, for them, beyond the price for which the same articles could be obtained from England. Heavy as the penalty is, the planters find it to their advantage to adopt the former branch of the alternative. Yes, sir, they find it more ad vantageous to pay this enormous penalty, and go to those natural markets from which it is the whole scope of your legislation to exclude them, than !o go to the miserable domestic market to which you wish to confine them, without pay ing any penalty at all. And, sir, as long as cotton, tobacco, or rice, continue to be produced for exportation, this must continue to be the case. : It is utterly impossible to exclude the importa tion of protected articles, to whatever extent you may carry your duties, until you have de stroyed the business of rearing staples for ex portation. No proposition is capable of clearer proof than this, ami yet few are so little under stood. I will endeavor to make il plain. When the tariff’ of 1828 was passed, almost every bo dy believed il to be prohibitory, as to most of j those articles which were subject to as high a j duty as fifty per cent. It was, in fact, tempera-j riiv so, as to many articles. But, as soon as! the distribution of tlie precious metals, or their' substitutes, became adjusted and proportioned to this new state of things, importations were freely resumed, and as large an amount of pro tected articles came in, at an average of nearly ' fifty per cent, as had come in before at the low. er rates of the former tariff. ******* I will now briefly advert to the still greater! inequality which exists in the disbursements of, this Government; a circumstance which greatly i | aggravates the oppressiveness of the system, A: [ ‘[makes it absolutely desolating to the planting [states. This, sir, is comparatively a new de- | ■jjpartment of political economy. The tremend j ous influence of Government disbursements in the distribution of national wealth, seems to have ! been overlooked by the ablest men in Europe, until the termination of the wars which grew out of the French revolution. The great distress which was produced in England by the transi tion from war to peace, and the consequent cur- ; taihnent of the annual loans and disbursements ! of the Government, to the extent of something 1 like one hundred millions of dollars, disclosed to i the statesmen of that country the true secret of i [the immense financial resources which had car- ; ! ried them through the war, and which were ap ’! parently as miraculous as the military resour ces of the French Emperor. They made the: ; important discovery, that the aggregate wealth I' of a nation, and particularly its pecuniary re-' ‘' sources for war, are scarcely diminished at all j by the heaviest taxation, so long as the revenue collected is disbursed within the country; and[ that almost the whole operation consisted, not in destroying capital and wealth, but iu transfer ; ring them from one class of the community to! j another. Sir, I arn greatly within the limits of what ij j might affirm, when I say, that taxes, to the a-j ; mount of five millions of dollars, levied on the, , Southern States, and disbursed in distant parts’^ of the confederacy, are more burthensome and oppressive than taxes to the amount often mil lions would be if disbursed amongst those States, lit is a great errer to suppose that tlie collection [and disbursement of revenue annihilates just so , much of the productive capital of the country. To exemplify this, let us suppose that Congress should provide for tlie annual appropriation of *hree millions of dollars (as I four it soon will) ifor revolutionary pensioners: let us farther sup pose, that the New England States should re ceive, in pensions, three times the amount of the whole expenses of their local governments; is it not apparent that they would gain three times as much as they would lose by the combined ope ration of the state taxation and federal disburse, ments ? Vermont would annually receive, judg ing from her present pension list, about two hun dred thousand dollars of this pension fund. Now, somebody must pay the taxes by w hich these pensions are provided: tlie Government cannot create money, like Midas, by converting every thing it touches into gold. Whoever they may be that pay these taxes, it is certainly a burthen to them, abstracting j precisely so much from their annual income, i The money goes to Vermont, and is paid to j the pensioners ; and the old theory assumes that jit is so much productive capital forever vanished | and gone. But it is not so. Almost the precise sum of money which was taken from the tax i payers, is now in the hands of the pensioners, | and is just as productive as it ever was. The j pensioners may themselves apply it to some use fid and profitable business, and ifi they do not, the very first persons to whom they pay it away, almost certainly will. What, then, is the amount ofi the aggregate national loss of wealth and O CD O capital resulting from this operation ? It is pre cisely the sum which these pensioners would have produced by their labor, without the pen sions, beyond what they now produce by that la bor, aider receiving the pensions; and this would not probably, amount to ten per cent, on the sum they receive from the Government. Ifi the pensioners should prove to be industrious men, and apply their incomes to some productive pur pose, the national loss will be reduced to a mere trifle. It will consist, not indeed, of the expen ses of collecting and disbursing, for even these will accrue to the benefit of the collecting and disbursing officers, but it will consist of the sum which those officers would have made in some private pursuits, if they had not been unproduc tively employed by Government. I have selected this single instance, of the ef fect of the Government disbursements, as anil-j lustration of the whole. In a pecuniary point ofi view, the nation loses, in the aggregate, on ly the sums which the officers, soldiers, sailors, and other persons employed by the Government, are prevented from making in some productive employment. This would not amount, upon an average, to more than five millions ofi dollars, on a revenue ofi tvveniy-four millions collected ; and disbursed by the Government. The re- j rnaining nineteen millions are merely transfer- i rod, from those parts ofi the Union where the,: taxes are levied, to those iu which they are dis tributed, without any aggregate diminution of the national wealth. Iu a country like Eng land, having a small territory, this operation is scarcely felt. The burthens ofi the taxes, and the benefits of the disbursements, are so equal ly distributed every where, that tlie one is al most completely counterbalanced by the other. In the United States, it is almost precisely the reverse. In South-Caroliua and Georgia, for] example, States which contribute probably three' times their proper quota of taxation, amounting! to upwards of five millions, there have not been' annually expended one hundred thousand dol-i lars, for the last ten years. Almost the whole j. of a revenue of twenty .four millions of dollars! is distributed north ofi the Potomac, principally |i among the manufacturing States , adding addi.! tional stimulus to their industry, already too‘ highly stimulated, by the enormous bounties efj the protecting system. In the exact degree, that these unequal disbursements enrich the northern states, it is self-evident, that they must impoverish those ofi the south. It is a pe rennial current which constantly flows out, and never returns, and must inevitably exhaust any fountain, however abundant. It is precisely as ifi the taxes collected in ono country, were dis-j bursedin another ; and I will venture the opin ion, that, if the taxes raised in England, for the! last twenty years, had been disbursed on the j j continent, the whole island would have boon, I : at this moment, a desolate waste. ******* But, sir, amidst the distress of the southern people, they are occasionally favored with somelj scraps of consolation from those philanthropic I persons who assume to understand their condi- |i , tion and their interest better than they do them- 1 ! i selves. It is stated in the speech ofi a distin-* guished statesman, which 1 have now before me, j 1 that the cotton planter can make five bales ofcot-; | ton to the hand, upon an average, and a profit of twenty per cent, on Ids capital. Now, sir, lam myself a cotton planter, and I know tliat (he 1 average production of skilful and efficient plan ters in South-Carolina does not exceed three! bales of upland cotton, of three hundred pounds weight, to each hand, and, taking the general average, 1 do not believe it is more than half as ! much. lam also confident that the average pro ! fit of capital does not exceed three per cent, j While 1 arn noticing the speech of this gen- I tleman, I will say a word in relation to an anec i dote which I happened to hear him repeat con- Icerning myself individually. Alluding to the| great excitemeut which existed in South-Caroli-! na in 1828, he was pleased to say tliat I had; contributed to produce it, and to induce the peo- I pie to adopt resolutions that they would not pur chase Kentucky pork. He added, in illustra tion, I suppose, of the evanescent ebullitions of! our patriotism in South-Carolina, that he had understood that I applied to one of my neighbors to lay in my supply of pork, and that when he demanded a double price for it, 1 replied, “if that is your patriotism, I will buy my* pork from the Kentuckians.” Now, sir, i have no doubt that this story is quite current in Kentucky ; and I have only to say that it is just about as ■well iounded as the statistical statements upon hich the tariff system has been erected. There, it mui i rmwir-m wm rnti 1-1 mirT^ 1 jis not one word or syllable of truth in it, from - !:he hoprinuing to the end. I have habitually . supplied my plantation by raising my own pork. 1 It is no part of my system of domestic econ ) omy to buy it from Kentucky, inasmuch as I . can make it cheaper. ; H.PAHSONS, 1 Has lately received a supply of Boston «j- iV. York made ; PIANO FORTES, Comprising a variety of qualities from 150 to 400 Dollars each. They are offered on very accommodat ing terms. June 2t> 3 FOR SALE. The subscriber will sell his Lot, JJ- -dW Opposite the lower Market, south : • ,r •l|m_ s i'' e ot Broad-Street. It is titty four feel and i half in front; and runs back to Ellis-Street. i terms, apply to WILLIAM BRUX, -1/ Mr. Brochon's, {Fox's) Corner. June 29 4 EAttLE & PHffiAIX MOTEL, •ttugusta, Georgia, f'HE Subscribers having leased this spacious and elegant new Brick Building, beg leave to inform | the public generally, that this hotel, with an extensive I ’ range of stables, are now finished in the best style for I ‘ the reception of those who will honor the proprietors I with their company. This establishment stands on the j site of the old City Hotel on Uroad.strect, and in point of commodiousness, with the many recent improvements I (such as bolls numbered and corresponding with each room, Ac. Sic.) renders it superior to any in the South, era country, it is pleasantly situated and contiguous to the Steam-boat Wharf and to the point of active "business in the City. It is customary with proprietors in giving such information to the public, to extol and render as com spicuously as possible their establishment. However, ol their own services and the general accommodation they shall say nothing, leaving them to speak lor them selves. It is due their friends to say, that no personal , exertions or expense shall be spared to render their visi. | tors and boarders in every respect comfortable; they | have attentive and obliging clerks and active servants, [land will provide for their table all the variety and luxu! ry that this, and the neighboring city markets can afford, and their stable with'good and capable hostlers and the best provender which can be procured. .To this eat :b. ! lishment is attached a neat and comfortable DRESSING r ROOM with a first rate BARBER. I They offer their services to the public, and hope to ; merit a liberal share of patronage. To those who have i already honored them with their company, they grate. ■ fully acknowledge their favours. ' COSXABD & BYRD. | Jane 19 j Notige. 4 LL persons indebted to the estate of Tamer Duke, late ol Burke county, deceased, are requested to i make immediate payment, and those having demands a gainst tiie deceased, are requested to present them | properly authenticated within the time prescribed by ; law. I NANCY DUKE, Administratrix. June 29th, 1832. 4 Tax Collector’s Notice. 1 rHI HOSE persons who have not paid their State and : S- County Taxes, for 1831, will do well to call on the Collector at bis oifice, on Centre-Street, near Broad- Street, and pay the same, on or by the sth July next, lor after that time. Executions will be issued against all ; those in default, without any respect of persons. OLIV ER REED, t. o. r. c. | June 29 4 JUST RECEIVED. ~ BALES heavy brown SHIRTINGS (Spring, i field) for sale low, lor Cash or approved p .per by J. MARSHALL. I June 22 2 DYIXR AND SCOERINU. I THE SUBSCRIBER, I B % ESPECTFULLY inform bis friends and the I -BJ®' public generally, that he still continues the a. hove business at his old stand, back of the Bridge Bank ! Building, Reynold-Street, nearthe intersection of Bridge Row—where he is prepared to Dye Ladies’ and Gen tlemen’s Clothing of all kinds. Leghorn and Straw 1 Hats, Ac. in their various colours, in the neatest man. ner and at the shortest notice. ! WM. TALIAFERRO. J N, B. Damaged Umbrellas and Parasols can be re paired at the above place at short notice and on reason. | able terms. —He will also purchase old Umbrellas, j July 3 5 JUST RECEIVED. ’ PIPES Cognac Brandy, 4 lihds. Jamaica Rum, 4 do New-Orleans, 32 per cent above proof. 10,000 Spanish Segars, 10 Tierces Rice, 25 Dozen Iron Band Buckets, 10 Cases Drab Roram Hats, 200 JPozen I 9 aim Hats, For sale low for Cash or approved paper, by T _ J- MARSHALL. June 22 o Compound Chlorine Tooth Wash, For correcting a had breath and preserving the Teeth. Chlorine Dentifrice, Charcoal Dentifrice, Superior Naples compound Shaving Cakes, Persian Otto of Rose Shaving Cakes, Erasive Powder Kephalia, Bears Oil. For Sale by THOMAS I. WRAY. June 19 1 DIE WILLIAM SAVAGE, OL'LD respectfully inform the citizens of Au w » gusta and us vicinity, that under the auspices oi two of his friends, he has been enabled to erect a HOSPITAL, on a high, airy, and healthy situation, eight hundred yards from Broad-street, with ever)' ne cessary for tne accommodation ot such as may favour him wxtn their patronage ; and he is determined to make every effort to afford relief and comfort to all who may be placed under his care, on the most reasonable terms. He feels confident of sufficient patronage. || June 29 4m 4