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Til v: C#M»"W lUTIVRtVUT.' H V aMi f *v ftl .Vs #;. j Tl/H3LS —d'or the etmi.\vctk.!y jwpcr, publishc d; » v-fry Ti: • ; and Friday inumiiiir, per annum aft*! tut the weekly S 3, nil payable in ndvanre. rr af> v e fiTls I: mf.n ts ire :i- rted v. .ek fy J"f Cti I‘J cent- •< r ='jii:.ro: iciiii-w< tklyCti lajee-iis 1»r the ~ •*, and 13 3.-1 .ni rin h i peel mcxMon, ~: ; r..!y fW f~ 1. 03 : : .arc Or «.-*• n ie- r’ton. yearly priv :tc armncein iV? arc ( t <j be mace. A . luctio’i is made on th* ad vtr’wo men!? oi public offl-er?. •J J‘ i*;e must bt j aid or. IcUi- ♦ of ■> mis--- eg ■" ■ ■ 1 "' ' mm .I’l'llf J€ JfKtTI VJS. new TON county. | n pursuance of the resolutions pa««cd at a meeting on tb “th '»f August, a large number (cji'linalcJ ;it aboo ‘use dme- n. ijol tae •dozen-- - of New ton C'»an:y, assembled at the (_v mjo,on Friday it* aftst ofAug. Charle* Kennou, Esq. resumed the C hair, and AV4& P. Starrs acted as Seen 1 ary. Rich ir I Ij. >man Esj. after making s one- predatory an 1 vciy ap propriate remarks, r- nd the preamble and reso ijtjons which heJiud drawn, at the request of ilie committee., V pro'racted, yet inten,sting discussion was had upon th; p diey and cl-; f ft of the protective s', s cm; at: Inome rema r ks, the- propriety of recciv »ng tlio resolutions ns offered. At a late hour-iu the'bty, they we re . - sp'crivelv taken up; ami after the third hi. passed, Mr. John Harris offered a r-solution, 1 w bich was. inserted -as the fourth. '1 he whole i .j"the following preamble mi 1 resolutions, were, almost uiiuiiiiiiou.il'j adopt* d ; and tiie meeting! then regular It/ adjourned line die. Whereas, The people of the South, have long, jine anxiously been the spectators ol I he cupidity* < d’their northern confeth rates, iV have constant ly hoped, that a p Iress *>f southern wrongs would. • re long lie found in the integrity & generosity ol the heurSofthc.c; their brothron. Hut r<•member ing, :!.(■ representatives from almost the cn-i lire ' u n, have for the last eight years, exert ed their energies iuxiur iiNliional Legislature,: and that in addition, the States of the South have repeatedly, by public meetings, an 1 also by resolutions, passed by their respective Lc-. gislatures, earnes ly deftounct d the tarill in so, far as it operates as a protection ol maiuilac-l tures, as being unjust, unequal and uncoustitu-j tioual ; and seeing that instead of conceding any* thing to ns, calculated in th ; least to appease j our just complaints, they assert with boldness,: their right to uphold such j retention ; and have] really preserved the principle entire, in the tarifl j act oi'lg3 - 3. U'e have, therefore, no rational j hope left us, that longer w aiting or additional ar-| guinents or entreaties, wiil be of any effect. And,j Whereut', I'he freemen of Newton county, iccognizing the voice of these complaints, ns .proceeding from the tongue of truth and frotn tlie spirit of patriotism, do now in earnest clevo iiuti to the free institutions established by the virtue and patriotism of our forefathers, adopt th** follow iug.resolutions ; Ist. Resolved, 'l’hat wo, as a pari of the free- Tneit oft reorgia, do feel ourselvos urged by every motive of self defeuco and self jwotection, as; Well au by a solemn duty wc owe to ourposteri-1 ly, to meet in firm resistance ever}' .act of the! federal Legislature, enaett'd either orj without the express warranty of our Federal Constitution. *g J, Jicso/vtfl, That wc cherish a deep rooted j utt; cinnent to our Fnion, and are willing to risk) our ail, in defending and maintaining it, so long! as its rule is consonant with justice and equality;! and naviolative of the principles of the f derail compact; but wc do most solemnly protest ih.tt| the tariff act solar as it operates us a protection i ▼Tmanufactures, is neither just, equal, or const!-' tutionul, and therefore ought, and must be resist ed at every hazard, £3d. Resolefd. That we Feaitily concur in the resolutions passed at Athens, recommending the counties throughout this IState to elect delegates;! to meet at Milledgcvillo, on the second- Monday!! of November next, invested with full power to j I digest i mode for the redress of our grievances, H cuul that we w ill accordingly, <»n the ist Monday [j in October next, elect three delegates for that)! object. •Ith. Resolved, That it is the deliberate opin-i ion of this meeting, that each State being sove-ji reign nml independent, has the right to judgeij for herself oft very violation of the constitution!} by Connress, aud to declare any acts pass' d un-|j tier such an infraction, by which her citizens! are oppressed, null and void P: . Resolved, That we haVe the highest con-; faience in the political integrity of (iem ird An-[ drew Jackson, and do most anxiously wish hiss re-election to the Presidency of the I . States. Cth. Resolved, That the foregoing bo signed if Uy the Chairman and S'-efftarv, and rc<|uest it j • be published in all the public gazettes of this) Slate. " CIIARLKS JvENNON, Chain,urn. Sctjh P. Stokrs, Seen tarif, |j Covington, SSept. 1, THOMAS COUNTY. Satv nn.vY, tiitli August. p Agreeably to only three days notice, ;i large 1 ! tuuubor of the citizens of the County convened!} at the Court-House, to tako into consideration:*, tlio burdens imposed on the South by the Tarill’, P and for the purpose of making suitable arrange- ! ments for the ylccCon of delegates to the pro- j; posed State Convention. The oomptmy, consisting of about Uilx’e him-' dred persons, although the. notice given was so' sliort, wore organized by calling Hr. Albert J. , Dozier to the Chair, vV appointing Col, ])ougaid 1 B. Crahum Secretary. James J. Scarborough, j Esq. having addressed the company in a very appropriate manner, was followed by T. J. ‘ Jolinson, and T. O. Townsend, Estjrs.; after which the following preamble and rcsidutions,,| presented by J. J. Scarborough, lisq. were tin ttiiifiiousfy adopted. KV herons the good people of the w hole South-V orn country, did, before ttie adjournment of the ; first session of the twenty-second Congress, on- 1 tertain the liveliest hopes, that it would not close ' its session without relieving them from under the ij oppressive operation of a Tarill’to protect do- 'j niestic manufacture, and northern capitalists ; aud whereas those fond expectations have been ‘ disappointed, and Congress has closed its ses-!j 1 sion by attempting to settle upon the South die (1 protective system us the settled policy of the;) 1 country, and inasmuch as preparations t.re ma king throughout the State b_. our ever patriotic ! fellovr-citizens to .osist federal legislation when|i' thus arbitrarily exercised. j Be it therefore resolved, That we most cor-1! dially co-oj.*erate with our fellow-citizens oi Clark County, :u adopting the sentiments ox-> pressed in the preamble and resolutions passed l , at the anti-tari(F meeting at Athens. * ,:i Resolved, opinion of this meeting,! jj it is a du'.y which we, as free citizens of this'. State, owe to ourselves, and to our posterity, to I resist a “system of legislation w hich is arbitra-d ry, unequal, and hbcrolbre un-T ri 9 !*” . ilj I Resolved, That tins'ntteimg do recouifnOinip | to the citrz'MC? of this County,"that proceed, on the first Monday in October next, to elect two delegates, to r< present them nt the pro- State Convention, w hich will assf iiible at Millcdgc viile, on the second Monday in Novem ber n(?kt, and that said delegates, w hen elected, be invested with full power, in behalf of the <ri:i --z-n.s of th.s Comity, to maintain, pro? and di lend, the rights, privileges, aud immunities, of tin- eood peoj le* cf lias .State. Rr solved. That next to, our lives, wc fs'eern jour liberties; arW tluit wo had rather die like freemen, than live like l»on.Ji.K n, and tamely submit to uncoils inuiorsai and oppressive t-xuc ' lions, whoso sole objects are. the protection of inanmucturers, while s:ud protection is prostra ting agnVulturr.l ptirsuils. 'll< solved. That M. Young, H in; N. R. Mitchell, J. Alderman, J. A. Newman, D. Me jlntvre, and I>. IJ. (Jraham, be a committee t r > selei t two suitiiblo p*.u'sons to represent tb s ( Coun’\ in theiprojKised convention, whose duty ,it shall be, so soon as they shall have made a selection, to report the names of the persons s > selected, to the Chairman and .Secretary, who dare requested to cause the •intended election, ■ with the’names of the nominees, to be made,, . known throughout the comfy. i Resolved, I’hat tJsis meeting w ill, w ithout re spect to local politics or divisions, support any ctwo persons fur delegates to said convention, that the committee apj muted may nominate. Resolved, That the proceedings of tin’s meet ing be signed "by the Chairman, countersigned . by the Secretary, and published In the Miliedge ■ vi'lo [Kipers, and any others friendly to the (cause. ALBERT JOHN'DOZIER, Chu'initaa. i I). 15. Ck.viiam, Secretory. (jCr~ The Committee apjKimted to s. !■:•< t two snitable persons to represent 'fhomas County in ,the proposed State <(.lon*a:-iilion, ha\< .se-b.-ctod \Vm. H. Rennolds, Esq, and Hr. Albert J. Do- 1 . zier, who have accordingly accepted the nemi-i .nation. DOUGALD I>. GRAHAM, Secretary of the Committee. EPSON COUNTY. At an adjourned meeting of the 1 nion Party lof Upson County, held in Thomastoa i on Satur jlduy, the w th hist, to take into ednsideration the Ijallairs of the present crisis, in relation to the ta ; rill', between three and four hundred persons at. i. tended, and Thomas F. Nolan, Esq, resumed the ij Chair, and Dr. David Kendall acted as Sec reta il ry. Pint meeting being called to order by the j Chairman, Joseph Sturgis, E*:q. w>ith seme pre jilimiuary remarks, srtbmitted tiro following pre jj amble and resolutions, wbioh were unanimously! J adopted, viz. 1 * r| 'l'he citizens of Upson county having convened | jlen-thc *2131h ult. to express their view s in relation ; !to the late tariff act, and at which meeting the! j Chairman having refused to receive a substitute; ! for the original preamble and resolurions then be-j ; fore the meeting, or to put the question on receiv-; ing the same in lieu of the original, and also re-; I fusing to pi l l the question on receiving an addi-j .ioiiai resolution recommending the re-election j • . t j of our venerable and patriotic President, Andrew | t Jackson ; and also refusing to order a division! j on taking the question of adopting the pream-1 j ble find resolutions, but declaring them agreed to! ! without attempting to ascertain the same ; and! I said preamble ami resolutions having gone forth) jto the world as the voice aud feelings of a ma-1 i jurity of our crizcns, while we believe the con- j i trary to be the fact; deeming the course pursued j ( by the Chairman contrary to every principle of i rule and order governing such deliberation % we, ; 'he friends of the Union, citizens of Upson Coun ty, wishing to be fairly represented and fully 1 understood on this, as well as all other momen tous subjects abroad; dissenting from the said i preamble) and resolutions, and believing them I contrary to the view s and feelings of a majority I of the citizens of Upson County, have Convened | according to previous notice, for the purpose of i expressing our view s and our feelings in the lan [lguage of the following resolutions : j Resolved, That we deem any act of Congress j imposing duties on imports after the extinction of »the National debt, beyond the revenue demands! Jof the Government, uncalled for, and w holly expedient. Resd/ved, That we prefer the act reducing the j imports, passed at the late session of j Congress, to the act commonly called the tariff }of and that the Hon. John Forsyth aud j blames M. Wavin', one Os our Senators and Rep resentatives in Congress, are entitled to our | thanks and highest consideration lor the course) } they thought proper to pursue in relation to the) passage of the same, and that wc fully approve! the vote they gave on that occasion. ' Resolved, That we will use all proper means,: ; consistent with the peace, happiness, safety aud prosperity of our hdly Union, in relieving our-. ! selves from the “ anticipated evils of tiie prospec tive tariff, but we believe they have been greatly; j j exaggerated, and that some of the -remedies pro- ij posed would be far more deleterious Than the ta | riff itself.” Resolved, That we w holly disapprove the pro- 1 amble and resolutions of the Athens meeting ; that wc deem a Convention uncalled fur and un- 1 authorised by the causes referred to, and that we, j the citizens of Upson County, friendly to tiie j Union, do hereby decline and refuse to elector!} appoint delegates to attend the same ; “ aud that •} we leave tiie subject of the tariff to the State Le- j gislature, which can deliberate!v recommend some prudent and definite mode of expressing d the piibb*' will, should such a measure be deem- d ed expedient.” Resolved, That we fdlv concur v.itli bur t'el- Knv-citizens of Richmond County, in considering,! the doctrine of Nulliticatiou “false in theory, and i believing that in practice it would prove mostdis.»j asfrous to our country, and that we will not give ) our Votes to any candid.’U s either lor Congress i or .State Legislature win- arc advocates lor iliat I M t? ’ j doctrine. Resolved, That we highly approve of tiie aoiirse taken by our distinguished fellow-citizen Col. Wm. Cumming. and of those who co-opera ted with him at the late Union meeting in Rich mond Count v. Rescind, That our hopes of redress from any 1 oppressive act of Federal legislation, as well as 1 for the preservation of the I nion of those States, depend essentially on the re-election of our ven erable, long-tried and patriotic I’rcsident, An drew Jackson, and that wc pledge ourselves to use enr best efforts to promote the same. Resolved, That the preamble aud resolutions!r purporting to have been adopted by the meeting If held on the “Oth August last, is contrary to--the V feelings and view's of a majority of the citizens of Upson County, and that we do solemnly prot.st against their being received as such. Resolved, That these proceedings be signed by :j! the Chairman and Secretary and published in the / Federal Union, Georgia Journal, Augus'a Con stitutionalist, Savannah Georgian, Columbus Democrat and the Macon papers. THOMAS F. NOLAN, Chairman. David Kendale, Secretary . , — * * These resolution? were opposed m debate by John I Robertsoc, l ig. who either re!;r d y: declined voting. ———, mmm ——■— '> • ■gsii I ~ XWVSTA *"*” TIEBIM Y. SEPTEMBER 18, 1832 - - —lij-S?.—- FOR PRESIDENT. A\DREW JACKS©A. VICE-PRESIDENT, TARTIX VAX 111 REX. ! XT Several communications on hand sh-.M appear tnt our next. j J j Wc are requested to -'ay, that the copy ot Gen., Ncanan’s reply to the Richmond Circular, was r.ct pu -, hbheJ by the Coiumilttee of Correspondcr.ee. The. communication wa' ot such a character, that the Coin- Irntitee could nut accept it, consist ritly with a propel jrcspe • r iheir constimciiis or themselves: it v,as therefore returned by .Mail ‘o tiie writer. VllttilMA. ,i On tie 01.-t of last month, a public meeting was held [at the Court ii oi'se id Nelson Cetonty, to take into con-j .'side r ;*ion the recent political move men; sin South-Caro- W |ir»a atid'Ge>» oi i. One of the resolutions declares the “ doctrine ot ii .iiincation” to be “a disorganizing and ’’ insidious t ■ :i. .d heresy, directly opposed to the letter' 'end spirit o! the c nsaturioii.’’ CHOI'S, | N ■)Tih-H''ii* lina. —The I'aye'tevidc Journal cl -■''tp-, tember 12, says:—-‘Solar as w« can ■••• am, 'the-crops ••have been mueii improved hv lute rains, thou_d: vve rc , ;gret tu learn that the coiion crop is likely to suffer in the 1 . lower counties by tiie rot. From information we are 1 l| warrant; d in saying that the corn crop will be an aver-; i ago one.” Floi In. —'Piic Ft. Augustine Herald of August 30, j i;.forms its, that “ there is tv< fy appearance that our i planters this tear will cite a handsome account of .their I I* • ° 4 ! ( labours. The. prosuccH nre line, and probably irom 800 j to lltOO hogsheads ot sugar will be made in blast fluri-i j j da, averaging from 80 to idfl hogsheads to the planta- j |rion.” AI GI STA MEETI.Vfc-XORTHEH.V MEN. With surprise and regret we have read the editorial article in the last Chronicle, upon the subject of the Au gusta < eting» With surprise. because we cannot be lieve that the writer was in-the healthful exercise of his i mental faculties, when he assumed such novel, incon gruous. and unwarrantable positions, with regard to “ a class of people” in Richmond County, who, entertain, ing “ distinct interests and feelings,” are decidedly op posed to the country, and to the south.” With regret, j because, though we have always been opposed to : the ■political principles of the -editor of the 'Chronicle, we. ! have witnessed in his editorial course, until now, a dispo -1 sition to render justice to whom it was due ; to repair an 1 1 injury, when one was committed; and to avoid wilful j and mistateinents of passing events, j If the editor was in a mind so excited and diseased, as: 1 to produce a misconception of circumstances to which! jj hundreds of sound minds in this community can bear I witness, it will be a lamentable evidence of the evils i l which a deranged intellect can create, when exercised bin a purturhed state of society. It is to he hoped, howev. I jer, that wlren the editor of the Chronicle w ill have re [cowered his w onted vigor of mind", and, with it, thefacul j.ty of nicely discriminating between absurd ami unsub i srantial jiositions and well established facts, he will apolo llgize for his hallucination, on this occasion, and atone for i the mischief it may have produced, by following a course ! directly the reverse of the one he has been pursuing, i W c would not continue our remarks upon this subject, J | if the publication ot the Chronicle’s misrepresentations, I was to be confined to the County of Richmond, or even ;to the state ul Georgia. Rut that publication will find |jits way to where a certain party there, ■j arc ready to admit as facts, whatever may suit their pt»l --! icy, and answer their purposes, without enquiring into the j truth of the matter. It may find its way to some other parts of the country, where, under present circumstPii- I ces, and hi the actual state of our political affairs, it is ; absolutely necessary that nothing but coircct statements ij of facts should be introduced. For those reasons it is j j our intention to add a few brief remarks to those iilrcu | ■ dy made. | j The editor of the Chronicle asserts, that the Augusta j j fleeting was a “ northern attack upon southern rights i j and interests.” He thou very elaborately enters into a string of abuse of the northern people established in I Augusta, and endeavours to prove that they have been, jand are still, inimical to the south, and stand in decided i hostility to whatever may promote the welfare of Geor rgia. We deny every position assumed by the editor ofi jthe Chronicle. The northern people established In Au jlgusta, did not influence the “ Augusta Meeting.” The northern people established in Augusta, have not shown i bytiieir acts, that they were inimical to the south, and 1 Stood in decided hostility to tiie welfare of Georgia. First. They did not influence the Augusta meeting. If they did, they acted in unison with a vast majority of the people of Georgia, who are decidedly opposed to the doctrine of nullification, and to the protective system,- which the Augusta meeting declared to t bc 44 unequal in j its operation, and therefore unjust, and inconsistent with I the spirit of the constitution, which demands that all pstb-j j lie burdens should be equitably apportioned among those! jby whom they are home.” How- then can this L-e a* ! northern attack against the south; when out of 25 conn : ) & * . lips, in which meetings have already been held, 17 have adopted resolutions condemning, as at the Augusta meet-! ling, the protective tariff, and the policy of an immediate) resistance to the tariff acts ? In these 17 counties union j resolutions were adopted ; and in 14 of those 17 counties,! resolutions wefc adopted condemning, ns nt the Augusta' i meeting, the doctrine of nullification. And these 14coun-| [ties are among the largest In the state, and the most ■populous : they are, Burke, Bulloch, Chatham, Frank-j ‘lin, Gwinnett. Habersham, Hall, Junes, Liberty, Morgan,) Richmond, Upson, Walton and Wilkes. Can the Editor 1 L-ftln Chronicle siv that tiie northern men influenced l I jthe meetings in those 14 counties ? r [ Respecting the preamble and resolutions which were* i adopted at the meeting in this city, we have authority fur j i declaring, and in the motet explicit maimer we do so, 1 j that they we I'd not seen, before they were read at the j i meeting, by any northern man, and that, consequently, nut one ofthem participated in tiie framing of them. We acknowledge that we once entertained prejudices! against tiie northern men established among us; and, these prejudices were founded, in a great measure, on their being found, almost in a body, siding with the par tv opposed to ours. Bat, on this Occasion, and atthepre-! sent crisis, wc find them united with the general mass of. the people of Georgia, in order to save the country from,; anarchy and civil war, and in order to procure, by poa- 1 1 or able and Constitutional means, the repeal of a law alike ; oppressive and unconstitutional. This adhesion of the jj northern people to the good cause, has removed fr-cru 4 our minds, that prejudice which wo honestly entertained ; against them. And wc will embrace this opportunity to : avow it as our belief, that the northern people among usd w vtild have shown, in every instance when required to do; so, the southern feeling they entertain, if an unwarrant-! able suspicion of their patriotism had not been fostered by those who believe, that they can 4 ‘ mend their for-; i i lunes,” only by predisposing the minds of the peope of ! the south against the people of the northern sections of t.ie Union, to sue a a degree ot hostility against one anta , tiict. as to produce this inevitable result: a dissolution of ■ the tedoral compact. In making tuese remarks we must; 1 ’ beg to be wed understood, tiiat wc do not intend to cease! to watch th ■ actions of ail classes of the community -t ' the presetii critical condition ot the country. Whonevei ■ wc shall tiud that men, whether of the eastern, western,! ji or rnidme stans, act contrary to the allegiance they owe.j to the s-s-t-. ot Georgia, we shuli be as ready to d- nouncelj bum, we have been ready to vindicate them on this 1 ioccasion, from an unprovoked and unfounded charge. ! , r- ror.d y. Tne Editor of the Uhroph-’c agserts, that i the northern piopie residing am : n «.oaUfo» tne i-»eas [■and elections. -Indeed 1 This i>,'voters of Richmond County, paying a very poor compliment to your inde pendence. Tins is. against the press, a serious and ex traordinary charge. The northern people ot Augusta 1 ojßirol the “ Georgia (hiiictitutionalisf” ! How, and in what way 2 By bribes, by subscriptions, or by adv< r lisemenls ? We can tell the editor of the Chronicle, "h it ihc support wc derive from the noYihem people, by r ptions and advv-rtist ments, is very trilling in com parison with the support wc derive Irom the interior ot I ij u > -:ate. Our main support lies not in Richmond Countv. And wo rely more for existence upon our • friends hi flic nonhern, southern, and western comities of the state, than upon those we may have in K'chinoud, th ' di she patronage which has been extended to us in '.this quarter lias been as gent-rots as wV had a right to expect. Our subscription 1 .-r is open tor iaspectiofi ana we have very little doubt of the fact, that, on eom ■ '-paring this list with the Chronicle’.', thatpaper in s been ~better supported by Northern men, iu subscriptions and advertisements, than over the Constitutionalist had been. What shall we sav, respecting the charge ailegt d a; ■M;Ust the northern men, of controlling oar elections ? >To vindicate tiie independence of the -voters of Rich mond County, from this calumny, wo have only to ex ' amine the returns of the t lections for a few years past. ! At the hist I’residential election, General Jackson and Mr. Adams were the candidates. I here were two Jack- I son tickets started, and an Adams ticket, composed of of two or three individuals, who iiad declared them selves candidates for electors, and friendly to the re-e --lection of Mr. Adams. The Jackson tickets received ijin Richmond -County 158 votes, and the Adams ticket votes. Hid ihe northern men control this election ? Cobbi not more than 238 northern men, including in the tnumber many citizens, not northern men, be found in j j lire city of Augusta, Irom all parts of llio state, and who if were here on business, to support a northern president ’ In 18:28, 1830, and 1831, whoa Messrs. Mealing, Rhodes, band Mealing, wcr< elected schators, and Messrs. Bln.ck, Carter, uud Davis; Schley, Jenkins, and Black ; Glas jjcuck, Shannon and’Carter ; were elected represent:!- !! lives, did fitc northern men control the elections ? W hen, |! in Icfelfi. Troup received 307,-and Clark 447 votes, tor [I Governor, did the northern men control the elections ? :■ Wiico, last year, Richmortd'Counly gave 511 votes for ♦ Gilmer, that consistent and firm supporter of state fmhts, and iCd lor Lumpkin, did the northern men con trol tiie elections ? or did the editor ol the Chronicle j influence the votes of the northern men, by essays mis jrepresenting the policy Mr. Gilmer had pursued iu the jadmii.istrationof the stalo government, atid. promising ta wonderful management of the executive department ■by Mr. Lumpkin ! How stands now his groat regard, for this gentleman, and the efficieiit support he intended jto give the state administration ? In the city elections, ■the northern men may exercise some influence ; for, ; when, some time ago, the editor ot the Chfomclc was elected one of the Council, it must have been by the in ; fluence of those northern men, who control the elec- j j I lions. The northern men control the elections: howj i manv northern men are to bo found among the members' j | j of die Council, eight in number ? and among the Justi ces of the Inferior Court ? With these ■remarks we take leave 6f fbc Chronicle. We trusted that we should have been able to pursue our! editorial course, without a collision with the editor of j that paper : we are still willing to go on with the same friendly feelings we now entertain for him : wo shall cer tainly net be the aggressors : for wo sirfcerly wish that r peace and good feeling should prevail in cur intercourse 'with our neighbours: but cur duty to the community in which we live, -and the pride which w e ought to feel as public journalists, will, on all and every occasion, make jus resent in a becoming manner, any affront which may be cast, either upon that community or upon us. U" We received by Saturday’s mail, the following j communication from Gov. Gilmer, > ROCKINGHAM, Virginia, Sept. 7th, 183,2. To the Citizens nf Richmond County. I have seen published in the Augusta Constitutionalist , of the 21st of August, the proceedings of a meeting of Richmond County, nt which a committee were appointed to ascertain by direct correspondence with the candidates : for Congress, “their sentiments in regard to nullitica- ' lion.” My absence from Georgia has probably prevent ed my receiving tiro communication of the cominiiteef I have therefore thought it my duty to address you di jrectly, lest the object of the call upon me should he de-| j seated. My answer is, that Ido not believe, that a state j jean render a law of Congress null and void, which has been passed upon a subject over which Congress has, by. the constitution, the exclusive power of legislation. L am therefore no advocate tor the adoption ot nullitica-; tion to remedy the evil of tiie tariff This answer might be misconceived, were it not ex tended to the other importantjnatters embraced within your resolutions. I cannot concur with you in the opinion, tirat 44 the ta riff recently enacted is a decided amelioration oi lire syG, tein.” Its inequality and want of uni fortuity has certain ly been increased. I cannot agree With nly fcllnV citizens of Richmond , County, thal the evils of the tariff have been greatly ex aggerated. It would, indeed, be difficult to exaggerate the injustice and tyranny of our present system of taxa- i tion anil public expenditures, which has been made so to • operate upon different sections of oar country, as to render} it an object of eager desire with the majority, for the i purpose of enlarging their individual profits, to increase j rather than lessen their amounts ; and especially when j that system has been adopted in violation of all the oh- 1 ligations which bind us together as one people. Georgia seders more oppressively from the system than any othef] state in the Union. I donut therefore think that its evils ; ought to be palliated by any portion of her citizens. I cannot agree w ith you, “ that it is advisable for the i present to leave the subject of the tariff to the state le»j gishiturc,” because all that can be done hae already been j tried, by resolutions, threats and protests, without pro-| ducing the slightest effect upon the fixed majority in' Congress. I considerit more advisable to refer the sub ject to a state convention, as recommended at the meet- ( ings which have been held in many Counties,with the hope ' that it may lead to one united effort on the part of south, i ern states, to procure a repeal of the tariff, as the only; practicable means by which that object can be effected, i I however entirely coincide with you in the opinion) ! that the acts of such a convention will not be obligatory ; upon the people, without their subsequent approval. I have thus, in answer to your requirement, given you 1 briefly, and, I hope,, with sufficient distinctness, my j view's upon a subject of great interest to us all. I have not thought rliat the occasion called for any elaborate, reasoning in their support, or that they should bo extend-; ed beyond the matters contained in your resolutions. With sentiments of creat respect, vour fellow citizen. GEORGE 11. GILMER. Answer* received by the Richmond ; Committee of Correspondence on the subject of Jiullifiiailou. \i.beihrle County, Virginia, Sept. 4, 1832. Gentlemen: I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your circular of the 20th tilt, bearing the Au- j' gusta po-t mark of the 24th. You ask me at the instance ; jof a public meeting of my fellow citizens of Richmond : ; County, to communicate to them, through yon, my sen- | tiimeiusin regard to Nci.ufication, and forward me the } proceedings of the meeting, as the best explanation of j ; tire acts and motives of those who composed tr. Suelia 'request, so urged, demands, for my own credit, an im-j mediate and explicit answer. Tiie election is rapidly ap- j ; proaching, and any intentional delay or disguise, would be inconsistent wiih my habits, uud unworthy of your Representative. 1 consider nullification, as a proposed remedy for flic evils of the tariff unsoualm theory, and unsafe in prac tice. Tins opinion, probably o! little consequence to any oti*but myself, though uttered frank!v, is I hope with-' out any tinge of arrogance or dogmatism. Having answered the question put to me, as one ini the catalogue of candidates, I might, if this were an or- i binary occasion, !>-, permitted to conclude, with the ap- ; proved formula, of gratitude and devotion to my goner- i ous constituents, and to the personal friends, thro’ whom j their communication has been made. But the time—the circumstances—the great interests a: make —tin- danger of the crisis* 4 .» our c t retry and the ca of freedom—all u-mi .. /I; . 2, era! in the ■ '•mmoa places of holi day ceremony, m shelter myself behind dry and. bar- ! ron irenoralities. • My sentiments are not demanded, orr account of any :; personal suspicion, or the apprehension of peculiar dau- ; : • i.tflifi ration in Congress. They have been.re-jj quire . mo-tprcoa i> from a flattering but mistaken esti, jj mate ot their possible influence with the public : and ay- 4 ,! in our day ana land, fcrcry mau judges, well, or iu, lot Jfhitnself, you look not for opinions only, but some reasons *to support them. Though usually regarding the insignificance ot hlßto party controversies with contempt, and their intolerance i and amlimity with disgust, every personal wish, and ! is :e and furling, is lost ih u question like the present. Its intrinsic magnitude and enduring effects no one "all denv ; and my views of it, although neither novel or pro fo’mil, are due to the solicitati-m of a'coimmimty among ■ whom the best and longest part of my hte has past, 'in tlie interchange of mutual good will, and to you, the ’•‘companions of my vouthor boyhood. In sueh an inter -1 course concealments would he pituul—professions mis !•'■ ..faced. Thoughts opened without reserve—emotions •i the deeper for suppression, may be safely commended to = the favourable interpretation of men, whoso experience i of tin’ world, must ere this have taught tneiu, there is ’ "alwavs least heart where there is most tongue. l | It’is impossible for me to defend, palliate or deny the 1 i evils of a protective tunlf. At every stage ot my polm {| ctil life-I have borne testimony against them. l»ut I em>- • :U )t —diire not say,'they arc unendurable —inetuabiC i.ur entirely to be imputed to the grasping avarice ot ao> ,| portion of our country. W ruing within view ot Mon.i j[cello, once the home and n >w the grave ol Jeeee.'l?on, • j I may not profane the air t breathe with the language ; •bf submission. Neither must I bear false witness a • jigainst my neighbour, tor llts name reinnms in*', tnat i some five and twenty years ago, the Patriarch of Ameri ’ !can Freedom, assisted by Southern politicians, laid in -jlthc exclusion •li all commerce with foreign trati' iis, the • j [foundation of protection to domestic manufactures. [ >• \Ve must bring our work simps trom turope 1 1 “U e i I must not consume the productions ot those "ho injure and'insult us'.”—“ Perish Commerce 1 let our const it u • jltifin live !”—Such Was the language which tor years • ji found an echo in every southern bosom, Irom the 1 o.om&c - jto the Mississippi. Such was the feeling that borons i j through Embargo—X on ‘1 me reoftrst X : on-Impoi tat ion , .—War. Need I tell you, gentlemen, that it was south )j cm votes which, in eighteen hundred aiul sixteen, carri ; Ci?a tarilfpartly for revenue, partly protective, against the i strenuous opposition ot the navigating interest ? And ii must I protest, even to you, that this recapitulation, is , i not made to defend or accuse, the past or the present , j to inelflpatc or exculpate, any men, or party, or people | —-but simply because it is the truth. “ Phethorns we • reap, arc of the tree we plantedthey may hot wound , us the loss; but surely we have no right to impute all the itijtiry to others. -I do not say we •light to bear them patiently—or at all. 1 will heft presume 'to toll a whole commonwealth what it can or cannot bear. Biit I will > recall to the r< Collection of my countrymen, -even at the ' | risk of some odium to my Sc’ If. that the manufacturing '| states were made sueh by our legislation. Me destroy. .I ed their shipping and they turned to manufactures. ! Must we destroy their manufactures that they may re- I turn to their shipping ? ■j It-is natural enough that we should seek to remove 1 restrictions which are hurtlul to our industry ; but it is) . | equally natural they should strive to retain what they i imagine beneficial to theirs. Considering when—by whom—and under what eir-j I cumstancos they were imposed, it is asking too much of human nature, to expect they will hfc readily alnin. ■ doiied. A part of the population on which they were ibv-ced, once spoke of seceding from the Union if they fvere persisted in. But the union has survived their discontent. They converted our folly to their benefit ; and now we meditate secession unless they will instant !ly relinquish their advantage. Perhaps they have en- I joyed it long enough. Perhaps they have mure than , indemnified themselves for the losses which tts ■ them sailer. Certainly our Injustice, if we committed J, any, cuSfifiot justify theirs. Most undoubtedly ihe inter, j change, of wrong for wrong is impolitic—inhuman—ua j Christian. Still the practical question recurs ; Must (• we not sutler Something irom our own imprudence 7 ! Can we expect instant concession ? Shall we not be (, 1 satisfied to win back again, step by step, and with the i | arms of truth tied reason, the ground Which we lost by i j an abandonment of hath ? But are we th endure forever ? What right have vVe to expect relief front those w!ro are interested to op. press us 7 This is Wiy answer. Either the theory ot free trade is not triad ; or if true, it must ultimately triumph. If we assume that than cannot distinguish right fromi wrong, truth from error—is incapable ot sell govern ment —will not pursue Ids own happiness—or can pro-) j mote it by injustice, our institutions are a lie, and a fed- | ! oral representative republick,. the very Midsummer in id ! ness of drivelling imbecility. Tell the not of eonstilti j tional restrictions and coticurrmg majorities 1 Man’s ! universal, eternal laws, are thos'u of Rea sox, or 11-vinr, ; or Force. All the checks and balances of govern ment, practically resolve themselves into these i and every other device for bending the "ill of tho greater,' to that of the smaller number, however subtle and in i genious, is too delicate- to be useful. Had habit estab lished nullification as a-remedy for federal usurpations, I it might be submitted to, just as Jong us the constitution could remain unaltered, but no longer. If if is So hard | i for a minority to submit, would the hardship be dimin ished if a majority had to bear it ■’ From hdlfit how. ever,"nullification has no sanction. Is it an appeal to the ReasoV ot the Tariff slates ? Alter the obnoxious law has been solemnly annulled as unconstitutional by one member of the confederacy—in an assembly of the whole collected people, unanimous, if you please—and until the requisite majority of the other states decide whether it is constitutional or not, is the offensive sta fute to be operative or inoperative on the state which has annulled it 7 To Concede its Operation, Would be a solecism reducing the proposed remedy, to a more for mal method of remonstrance. To suspend its execu tion, is giving to tho n r one state, a veto on the common of all ; a veto assuming in its ex , erctSe, tlie unconstitutionality of the statute* Which yet J remains confessedly suh juilice, and liutilo to he con firmed by the requisite majority of states. Nothing short of ancient usage, or the most explicit constitu j tional provisions, cOuld prevail on tho majority, to ae. j quiesce in such a statfc of things : and every dispits. J sionate observer will perceive, that in the absence of i such usage of provisions, attempts would be—must be made, by those administering the government, to exe cute in the dissenting state, tho saute law which pro. vailed in all the others. However conducted, and how-! ever opposed, this must end in Force—force used to) uphold the law, and force employed to resist it. Long then, before the complicated post-nullifying pro. j cess of revision could pass through its labyrinth of (ri-| bunals—its maze of forms—before three and twenty le gislatures could assemble, deliberate, and decide, the sword, that keen and clear interpreter of right and just, would have solved the constitutional difficulty, and when the snail-paced rescript came, it would come to men, i clad in angry steel, to be burned in derision, by tlie torch of civil war. Nullification, however qualified, disguised, or explain-) ed, has then this attribute of art evil spirit. It is swift ot! foot only on bad errands. It flies to scatter disßord : it! limps to bring peace. Let me not be misunderstood. In ! speaking freely, of What I feel strongly, the dangers ot ■ the doctrine ; it is far from my intention to impeach the) motives of its advocates. I have heard it maintained j with arguments the most plausible, and eloquence the j most seductive, by men whose talents may feecive my I humble admiration, but to whose unquestioned patriotism! I cannot, without insolence, even oiler to bear wanes?, ) In the heat of conflict—in the exasperation of defeat, —tlie sense of southern wrongs has often overcome ntyi own habitual calmness. And is it possible forme to de ny indulgence to the words or projects of fellow com batants embarked in the same cause—contending with! the same adversary—men of more ardent tempers, and j only resentful perhaps, in proportion as they are brave i and generous 7 Such spirits are never first in an un- ! worthy feud. If it becomes so, the blame must rest \ j with a portion of their followers. Nor is it hard toj draw the line. The envious, desperate, or interested! , are soon known. They court every party and betray| all. As for tiiose amiable enthusiasts, bearing in their veins tho blood of liberty’s martyrs, who are inditf-. rent; counsellors, it may be, at the commencement of adiill-’ culty, but excellent companions to stand by you in the \ end, they are not more to be checked than cherished.} That they have failed to convert me to their favourite II faith, may perhaps be owing to my phlegm or dullness, ij Certainly not to any wiuit of ability in them, or any pro-j; ijudice in me. Far from reproaching what I believe to! 1 j be their errors, I do not even think it wonderful, that in |! (honestly seeking a remedy tor the disorders of thore-'l publick, many should entangle themselves in refine-la ments that confuse when they do not convince. Yet!; I tlie very subtlety of the argument is its great defect.' 1 A hen logic is too acute, the edgj turns. If we]. van’ it for common use it must be coarse .and stronger. Shall /be cited to shew that the tariff is unjust—-be told that ' !if unjust we ought to resist it—and if resisted, according) ,to my own argument, that resistance must be effectual, i i\V hat I said concerns appeals to reason only. When) i force becomes the arbiter, it is not justice or even eour-1 I age that decides My proof is in one word— Poland 11 | Were it otherwise, trial by ordeal and judicial combati should be restored, and the victor in battle would once more become right by the judgment of (dud. But what hope have we of redress, if not in nuljifica-jj tion ? How can we expect to convince men, rendered!! deaf by interest to every remonstrance ? I answer, thejj interest against us, is less real than apparent. The gainjj of the farming- states by the tariff is imaginary. A Eu-j| ; rope an war would, in all probability, dissipate their illu sion at once. A constitutional amendment in favor of |j 'roads and canals might dissolve the combination of thef I East and W. ?t. It is not impossible, that in the dispo-;j isitioti of (In, public lands, means might h# found, to re tijstore the harmony of our country. Even the at,.,, s |cf‘ exporting an immense and annually increasing • plus of domestic products, and of importing ] avv T , J u dr illicitly, in goods or in specie, the corresponding) ' e I lions for which it is exchanged, must at no distant I 'occasion new reductions of our imposts. Gat L ? ami above all, if we are right, we have the * Ve ). I • which seldom fail. Ain I asked when did reason ..justice conquer interest and prejudice ? I point tV r the triumphs ot Truth and I ime. so a reform m ■ English reformation restoring civil privileges to a ■ ■ scouted sect —to such an extension of the t lc,-ri Ve /)) - ' chise, asUtiATU.iM dared not meditate, and Fox, - * not accomplish. To revolutions less-bioody, nnd ro - iess barb irons —to the liberty of the press— 1 0 olir vTnstitmioap, the hope and admiration ot nil tjint liberal in Christendom —in a word, to the extended s ) tending empire of opinion. Wo have heard to be sure, that a total, iinrno i • J ? uncondiri >.nl abandonment of the principle of |i ri - f . ) tion is our riyht : that we ask nothing more ; will ■ -j! nothing less, and must not stoop to buy justice. T| j | ... are lofty and captivating sentiments : yet a duu!«t .• ! | 'be indulged, whether they arc practical. Jn*li a i . rare commodity, even among friends and tuaghbi;'-' aud tiioiigli forbidden to he sold, he is thought luckv ■ d pays'dearly, and gets it at last, alter enduring ;S,-. j -i pressor’s wrong, the proud man’s contumely, t!i t I ti'tlelav, the insolence —and w.u.t to some, is v v r -- • I i , ” , v ) | . i fees ot ofliee. ilj If indeed we arc resolve i to yield no j * | brook no eoniprotHiSc —if the farifl is really itisiq,j fi,V, and a nostrum must be found to cure it now-!*) J| jh once—and forever —secession and not null'/ten, ” -i'the melancholy, but appropriate remedy. I ;.j ■ I - j approve one than I justify the o:her. If heave.; . I 3 ' inv prayers, both will be spared mo. My !:■' short, anil more ’fortunate than happy, w.il . f s i loiig, shoal I 7 survive to bear part in a civil w , r i | witness a dissolution of the Union. \ef the f. ; ( .I persuaded.would be the least evd. It may be t "■ .j| without the guilt-of hoihe-shed blood ; which N;, •j; of itself, a sufficient prtkhdbi preference. T l| We that if Georgia or S >Uth-Ci rblirra, or bat; think]iro{Tfr to wifhdr rw r . no -a - r, vou.d mj prevent 'them. . Th< - m..v be ~!i wed to dep.,.r: ;a* I scute indepcmleuct . if fie y ‘an riiaiiitaih it; tj $, y I 'quietly as a pe.t'y principality ; or siul; into . • .tppun II I I of some European power. I cannot believe that ihr. t I cession of the whole South would be seen with equal i diflerence. Os this our antagonists suppose then j< :; •i 'Sanger: and they hug themselves with the belief, ti. ; - | II unless all nia lo comhiou cause, the new government»;ji >1 hardly he formidable enough lor trediloui. Wrh»t:t ;i Chesapeake it would scarcely have a port into wind - .j frigate epuld enter ; and New-Orlcaiih v.oulJ be w-nt . j a? an outlet for Mississippi, unyi the means of a lav, ~ a, aWt alliance wfth tlie West. Tint 1 " ill not roi-jc ( ; , : I'the effects As sdeh a Change. Mav God aveki- n ij Still 'less will I imagine that questions so serious ijj afflicting can be agitated merely for inlimidadoa, 1,, !i serve Or thwart ‘the ambition of any man or pane, ( jj is doubtless important that our brethren—our uny-: | j and selfish brethren, if you choose—but still our; a,:, j ren—should know the intensify of our feeling? a ; Ij suffering?—our deep—settled—unanimous ho?-dry > I the protective system. It may be worth reflecting. vortheless, how far, at fliis time, unfounded ?uspk ■ i may he thrown upon diir motives, by the pendoiu-y ,ii 3 H ' Presidential election —the pledges conteinporuiuaje;- given to certain candidates, and tho eager discussiont! even contingent pretensiot.s. which four year? yet, wanting to nVdtsrc. In tiiis allustOH however, as in all I h ive said or-ini;;. ted, it is my earnest desire to estrange no ally, to pro. vokc no opponent. More than enough ot scoffing an,! reproach has already past between the members ot t'-; | I Union* Its Integrity has boen'shaken as much perh: pg i ■by mutual taunts, as m - real injuries. Sharp sayiua-. IJ at all times, leave behind them bitter recolleriicuis ;be . j they are especially unseasonable at a crisis like the j: j sent. Indulge me with a remark or two on (he tone of this |J reply. It may be thought too mild tor tho temper oft:.- times. Auger will not beat, that fit? antagonist slrutlJ : only gently censured. 4. exhortations to moderate cu'.r | sels, grate harshly on the cars o! injured men. \ hi:- | all, when delusions, not heads, must be broken, the b , Words fat service, sounds the least like blows. ladia.?,; is Hot enough, that ho whom you honor with y - ir eu.. deuce, sliould fnithfully represent your righls, y> j wishes, your int« Vests. There should be chte-1? ini bosom, responsive to your very passions. Hut the: | echoes need not reach you, to swell tho notes ot di-cot.'. Ho who wotild appease, ts he cannot reconcile, contcn, iilg ( artic?, must be careful not to augment tin r unit.. I al prejudices. He should rather strive to abate then u- I , spective claims and animosities. Too many will be teur.>:, in every country, to flatter and inflame the ludiaatio = f of the Sovereign—whether people or despot: Con. Ij jiaraiivcly few to argue with the masters of voie? «r I legidns. As the apostles of political toleration arc m, jif one siioald ehance td gain the public ear lie oictht n improve the occasion, to bcal down in whatever inrrv j , maybe his hearers, that self-suflicient obstinacy, wliuii will allow nothing to be fit, or right, or beuralilt, b:it what we ourselves approve. For the reason flu u, tint ; if 1 were the representative of a inanufacturiiig state,H dressing at this crisis, implicit believers in the lu-:u-!.- Cent magic of the restrictive policy, I should .attempt ta : mitigate their fire and confidence.; —for the same n- a i:; • appealing to those who are convinced ot its malignant influence, it is niy duty to soothe if possible their Ji indignation. Unless this course of comluct is pursued by all who aspire to he thought honest and patriot. / must not alienation spread and become incurable * If an opportunity were afforded me to confine the fir- - culation oftnis letter tJ that region for which alone in intended, I would add much. Which I now suppress. But as that may be impossible, I will not run the risk of be ing quoted any inhere, as the apologist Os Restrictions- i A’ illliji ration; of craven acquiescence or frantic oj'l**- |) tion. The consequences arc obvious, and f am tut n sensible to them. X 7 o navigator, however skilful, trim his sails to every wind at once. I have but one oa- } solution. I have not sought to Catch any. My noti-tr? being probably in many respects disrelished by all pat ties, will, at least, not draw down on me tlie suspi of sedkltig popularity, flic last worst ridicule that can l»- lull one, whose honest ambition is much more to set" j his countrymen than to please them. I have tlm?, gentlemen, endeavoured to perform was it i? presumed was expected ot me. In such couimiiiiatt (ions, it is hard to avoid speaking more ot one’s sell, ta« | is either pleasatlt or graceful. You, lam sure, will ; the first to jiardon the egotism into which you have bt trayed me : fur few know better, how humbly lestiur.i myselfand my opinions. It is useless to wish that nun ■ time had been allowed me ; and vain to regret that! Could not mingle in your deliberations. Could I bate j anticipated the stale of public feeling in Georgia,'- honourable employment which detains me, accepted»' ’ if was,, jhirt merely on tiie score of health, but tar gratification of my Colleagues and constituent?, ta ll-7 J have been refused. Were I now able to support abw; journey, I should still fuel myself bound to return. B- : the hope of reaching home in a condition to engage liny active duty, is yet more feeble than that of being serviceable by my presence. Nothing remains tar r then, bur to commend you and our common country, ll the protection of that po%ver without whose aid all v - ' dom is but folly. If the chalice at her lips must in : wise pass away, her destiny, is my destiny, for good for evil. I am, gentlemen, with great respect, and sneer esteem, vottr friend and fellow-citizen, RICHARD HENRY WILDE To Col. Wm. Camming, Hon. John 11.l l . King, A'ig' i: Slaughter, IJsy. Augusta, (Sco. Orkeabshouo*, lOih Sept. 1 S 3-. (\ie title man, —On my return horrtf two days ago, ~m absence of several weeks, I received your b Hit tdlJtb nit. in which, as a Committee appointed by a to* ingot the citiz'-ns of Richmond County, yon * :: i. what are my “ sentiments in regard to nullificaliou. ’ “ cognizing the rigdit of every citizen, to know the un ions of candidates tor public olfico, on all subjec‘= - nccted with tlie stations to which they aspire, I b®' L i Hesitation in answering your enquiry. There lias m-ver been, perhaps, a political doctr j advanced which has been so variously understood Hf®, , lification. liven tiiose who advocate it most zeal |,uf l i do not agree in their expositions of it. Without c-'j I ining into tho various modifications under which tai? - ■ trine has been held forth, I regard D, in general ttrtr.:. : tlie action of tt single state in resisting and arresnny ■ operation of an net of Congress within its limit?, ■ J sueh state may determine to bo uncons'rtutioaa! a.iJ I pressive. I cannot mure plainly or concisely express my * . on as to fids right of a state thus to arrest the op- ; - of a law of Congress, than !>v repeating the vi-*w> .- .-tended in an humble effort which I deemed ;t . I to make, daring the late .'-c«?iou of Congress. I cation of tlie course pursued by the authorities ot o>- I gin in tlie enactment and enforcement of certain li' vs I the government of that part - of tho state occupied ay j Chorukees. Un that occasion I maintained, , I j federal constitution is a compact between the dm* ■ 1 states of this Union-as sovereign states; that a- ' | common arbiter has been appointed, each state, is tkej- | j ercise of its inherent sovereignty, has ‘ a right toj-y- ; 1 for itself of the infractions of the constitution, and ati I mode and measure of redress’—and consequent!" *•' II j right to resist or defend itself against uncons tit utL I '. f 1 , or arbitrary power by the federal government or U j its departments. That this right is to he exerciser H laV d- .-ep and solemn responsibility #f producing <&■' laj