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judge bichAitt/?;or? ’^
address to THE CITIZENS of STAR
TANBURG DISTRICT.
Tho following is lint concluding potl.oa < 1
Judge Ridhardson’s ntlmirnDie- Address to ill-:
citizens of Spartanburg District, winch will !><■
iK.Tus.vi with high gratification ns con tin. nag
sound doctrine expressed in lucid and loiciolu
lintguage:
’Hie Ordinance admits. that Congress may
'jinrsue ihuir rights before the Conrls ol lac
’Country. Let ua suppose Congress to do .in.
It must of course be done, by instituting suits in
Law or Equity, and Congress must then, have
the undoubted right of presenting to the Court
for impartial adjudication,both its chums, and the
'questions o( law, which arise out ol (lie Int is,
the Ordinance, the Constitution, mid the laws
passed in pursuance thereof. The permission
to bring suit necessarily pre-supposcs a right
t ’in the litigant, to prove the tacts ol Ins coni,
.plaint, to have a fair hearing ; and to receive
the impartial and unbiassed Judgment ol the
1 Cburl.
We need not anticipate what questions of
Law may tie made in the case supposed.
These questions may relate lo the meaning, or
the Constitutionality of the laws, or Ordinances
•' To tho proper adherence, or consistency ol
* such laws, 10, and with tint Ordinance, us well
t ns their import or meaning. 'I lu re can be no
restriction herein, upon tho parly litigant. No
matter what questions arepiesenlcd, upon the
i Constitution, tho Ordinanoo and the laws, the
Judge and the jury mnst hear mid decide impar
: tially and truly after bringing the positions ns
sained on all shies, to the lest ol lair and dose
- discussion. But, if the presiding Jmlgo and Jury
have been sworn to cxeculo the < Irdiiianco and
e the particular laws passed in pursuance llierenl,
I specifically and ministerially (not Judicially)
which must be tho intent and meaning ol tbt
prescribed oath, or it would bo ineffectual, eva
sive, and idle ; then to hear argument upon the
I questions made against tho Ordinance, or par
ticular laws, would bo the mockery ol distribu
tive justice between the litigants.
The oath taken would already have bound the
Court to decide, in a particular way, that is, In
execute the Oidinnnce, according to its true in
inlent. This would be a ministerial act, not a
judicial opinion. 'The argument might have
served to conv.nco tho understanding, that the
judgment required would bo partial or false ;
and that the judge had taken an oath to tender
judgment, against his owm limit conviction. In
plain language, the court and jury might be con
vinced that they bad sworn to tell a lie, il it
should become requisite so to do, in order to en
force the letter of the ordinance, or particu
lar law,
m It is vain, to answer, to so glaring a violation
of Independence and integrity in the judgment
r. of the court, by saying, that if the judicial offi
-1 cer had made up his opinion, that the ordinance
had become a jart of the constitution, and was
* tho supremo law of the land, ho would fee! no
„ violation of his moral conseicnclonsness, nor n
b ny previous direction given to his judgment by
* tho oath. But tho reply to such a gloss for con
* science, cannot be got over. No man can nr
, rognnlly assume, that his inward conviction
must and shall remain the same, one, and imam
• table. Still less can ho decide, impartially and
justly, when under an oath, that he will be gov
erned by no lights, no arguments, no reasons,
and no possible duvelopcment of truth, that may
undeceive him or change his convictions., A
judgment here, upon thelawsol the State, should
he the same ns a judgment elsewhere, or it
would be unjust. A man may swear, and just
ly, to do, and execute specific acts, ns a mere
ministerial officer. But no ono can foresee,
and therefore, no one can swear wlmt will ho
his future convictions of the legality, cnnstiln
ilonutity, or judlcbd integrity, while directing
the nets of another officer, and this is the pro.
.per duty of n judge. 110 expounds the law, but
sloes not execute the sentence, and alt hough lie is
bound by the law, yet his true mid inward eon.
viction of what tho law really is, or directs, or
binds him to do, constitutes the real judicial
sanction for the purpose of every honest decree.
His country may bind his estate, and his person
al services, but cannot restrain his inward con
scienciousncss, or direct the course of his future
conviction, which is llio very object of the oath.
Tho perfect freedom, and untrammelled indepen
dence of such convictions areofthu judicial of
fice, and we cannot reconcile things so opposite
in nature, ns lo bind the judge in tlie.se, when he
would,.himself, be unavoidably guilty of moral
• corruption, if ho pretended to bind by mi oath,
what nuinan can bind—bis future judgments
tho popular odium against Test Oaths in reli
gion, or otherwise, to bind the opinions of men,
is a practical illustration. That odium is but
tomed in the plain mid natural distinction be.
tween binding the conscience, or judgment, mid
binding tho voluntary conduct, estate and per.
•on of the deponent. Ills voluntary conduct
may bo hound, but his involuntary acts (judg
ments and opinions) cannot bospccifically hound.
The decrees mid opinions of a Judge, are not
only, often involuntary, but the very last re
sult, ho wfiuld wish his understanding to come
to; yet ho must express and give judgment, ac
cording to tho true impress made upon Ids mind
and equally so, whether ho wishes that judg
ment, or would desire some other, under the law
of the case before him. But without so much
of indeponccncc, us to ensure the true uxpres.
sion ol* his own judgments, his office would be
changed for the enrollment ofspocific mid arbi
trary decrees. Integrity, impartiality and truth,
could then hold no permanent habitation outlie
bench; tbeir freehold would begone, mid a mis- ■
crnble tenacity a( will, will be loft for tho sup.
port of justice. What a striking illustration ol
this consequence does tho law, and the case wo
have supposed, present?
The Ordinance permits the F. M. to enforce
their claims before tho civil tribunals ol the
country; yet binds up the Judge ami Jury, by
an oath, in tbeir decision, ol every question
which could olford raliotfnl hope ol success, on
the part ~of the Federal Government. The
courts arc open to their suit; but, in the same
breath, the portals of jultice aro sealed up a
gainst issuing judgment in their favor. Fitch
sentiments and strict urea may savour too niuch j
wllqn no more is meant, than a temperate
m .r *
earnestness and I he declaration of an individual
citizen, that tho oath prescribed would invade
the independence of mind, for which he con
tracted, when ho accepted the office of Judge
of South Carolina. But there is another consi
deration of great weight.
There is no country in tho world, where the
independence of the judiciary is of such com
prohmisive importance as in the United States.
In a confederacy of independent and Sovereign
States (and a fixed opinion of tiieir individual
sovereignty only, can make this view ho felt,
as it should he) the collis.on of groat co-ordi-
Hate authorities, in contests lor ;posver, jurisdic
tion, ot constitutional justice ; and the agitation
of interesting questions ; whore, not only lli< ir
intrinsic impm lance, but the character of the
parlies, pot to fearful trial, the fortitude and in
dependence of the judges, tho satisfaction, ac
quiescence, ond peace of the country, depend
greatly upon ll j confidence placed in the cha
racter, il.silTcl’cstodneKS and flrmnea.ss of the
bench, v.diMi opposing in'evests have been ju
dicially s,-tiled. In reference to ihc harmony
ol the I nion there is perhaps, no truer wisdom
to b ■ found in the Federal Guiistitntiou than in
th • article, v.hcli declares iftht “ Full faith and
credit shall he given, in each Stale, to the pub.
lie nets, records, and judicial pitceedin/s of
every other Plate.” Ity the sftme article,
Congress may enforce their effect, even by “IV
nnl Laws.” Each State is saeretllv bound to
uphold, In good faith, its eons'ilulional claims
to such high confidence, f,v giving lo its judicia
ry, true and substantial independence. This
once done, in its true moral sense, mid distrihu.
live ju, slice ensured, ft forms a cement for the
Federal I nion, gradual and nnproclaitncd, but
stronger than clasps of stool. And shall it ev
or be said, with any truth or reason, that the U.
States, or any other suitor, had better have the
- Constitutional merits of his case t ried in anoth
er Stale, sooner than in S. C. 'I Genius of my
country forbid it ! None has deserved the “full
faith and credit” awarded by the Constitution,
■ bolter than the South Carolina Bench. The ju.
dicial commission came lo lhe|preseut ineuni
, bents, unsullied, and it should go from their
, hands, not only nublemishcil by a moral slain,
, bill, for the vital and enduring interest of their
, Country, let it puss away unnwod by such tests,
and unshorn of its independence. Believe me,
my friends, when a government finds in its heart
, i test like this, to bind up the people, that much
, is done to put them, wiije as the poles, asunder ;
I and there is no chymic power in oaths to unite
divided minds. The future .historian of South
! Carolina will labor to blot out, or excuse the
fact, ibat the impossible condition of the late
English Test Oath was required here; and not
merely, of men Inking office; but as the condi
tion of kxrping offices they already had : and
resounding Europe will point the linger of
scorn at such tyranny, as a standing landmark
to warn the people to shun the shoals ami quick
sands that belong to Republics. Exulting in
our error, she will bid them mark tho Nullifi
cation Test Oath, and hug to their hearts the
1 more silken cords of Royal Power. But on
the first of February, the deed will have been
done; unless repentance fall upon our Rulers,
and “ consideration like an angel come,”, to
rescue their benighted minds, and restore to
their people that concord, which error, assu
ming llie garb of a noble Slate doctrine, has
banished from the land of our highest affections.
WASHINGTON, FEB. 5.
Congress —Analysis as Proceedings. —ln the
Senate yesterday, various petitions and memori
als were presented. Mr. Knight submitted the
credentials of the I lon. Asherllobhins, re-elected
to theSenuto by the Legislature of Rhode Island,
, for six years from the 3d of March next. Mr.
, Smith, from the Committee on Finance, reported
a bill to remit the duty im a locomotive engine
and apparatus imported by the Baltimore and
.Susquehanna Rail Road Company, which was
read and ordered to a second reading. A short
lime was spent in the consideration of executive
business, after which several bills, principally of
a private character, wore read a.second and or
dered to be read a third lime. At one o’clock, the
Semite resumed tho consideration of the bill fur
ther to provide forthe collection ofdutieson im
ports. Mr. Brown took the floor in opposition to
the bill, in an animated speech near two hours
and a half in length. Mr. Freliiighuysju then,
ina few words, explainedsomeofthe viewswhich
ho had taken, which he alleged had been misun
derstood by the gentleman from North Carolina,
[Mr. Broun.] Mr. Brown rejoined. Mr. Holmes
signified his desire to address tho .Senate, but the
hour being late, liomovcd an adjournment, which
was carried.
lu the House of Representatives, several peti.
lions and memorials were presented and referred.
Thu House went into Committee of the Whole
on tho state ofthe Union, Mr. Wayne in the
Chair, upon the Tariff bill. The question being
upon Mr. Appleton’s motion to amend tho amend
ment of Mr. C. I’. White—Mr, Ward addressed
tho Committee in favor ofthe general principle
ofthe bill, and Messrs. Wnrdwell and Leavitt
against it. Mr. Adams moved to strike out the
enacting words of the bill, and supported the
motion by a speech ofabout an hour. Messrs.
Jenifer and Barringer opposed the motion—
which was supported by Mr. Burges. Mr. Dray,
ton addressed the Committee at length against
the motion; when, after some explanations ho.
tween him and Miq Adams, Mr. Button took the
floor, but gave way to a motion by Mr. E. Eve
rett that the Commiyeo rise, which was carried,
and at (i o’clock tlur'House adjourned.
[From the Albany Daily Argus, January 33.
Report of the Joint Committee on .Vn/lifra
tion, i,v. —The report of the joint committee on
so iriucli of the Governor’s message us relates
to the Ordinance of South Carolina, &c. was
made to the senate yesterday by Mr. Tai.l
m.mxii:. It is a document of great length, and
of great ability’. It is not less sound than able
upon the great questions which it canvasses free
ly and fully. Five thousand copies of the re
port were ordered to he printed. We shall
take tho earliest occasion, (probably to-morrow)
to lay il before our readers. U concludes with
the follow in;; resolutions :
Resolved, (if tho Assembly concur) That
\vo regard the union of these states as indispen
sable to their prosperity and happiness; that
we participate fully’ in the desire which has
been manifested hv the President to restore har
mony and eoucili.'.to ntfceflon amongst all the
| people of the United States, by u seasonable
and equitable modification of the (aril!—adapt,
ini; it to the present condition of the country ;
that we approve the measures ho has adopted
and recommended, to sustain tho authority and
execute the laws of the -i niti d States; ami that
the government and people of this state will
cordially co-operate with him, m tho exercise of
all tho nenns which mnv be necessary and pro
per to secure those objects.
ilexo/ecd, (if the Assembly Concur) That
, th’; Governor lie requested to transmit a copy
j of the foregoing report and resolutions to the
executive ol the state of Mouth Carolina, and to
tho executives of the other states respectively,
to the end that they may be communicated to
the,legislatures thereof: and also a copy of the
same to the President of the United Stale s, and
to each of our senators and representatives in
congress.
The issue will show that the report and reso
lutions speak the language of New York.
SISTERS OP CIIARITV.
If any one can read die following letter, Without
emotion, his sense of feeling cannot ho envied. We
have had occasion to place before out readers the con
duct of these truly Christian aimers in Baltimore and
elsewhere, white the Cholera was raging in that section
of the country. What follows is die copy of a Idler of
a Sister of Charity, in St. Louis, Missouri, to a clergy
man in Boston.
My Dear Father in Jesus Christ —l eagerly
catch the first leisure moments I have had, night
or day, since the dreadful pestilence commune
'■;d its ravages here. On tho night of the 23d
October, it appeared that Almighty God had
commisioned his destroying angel to snatch sud
denly from existence a certain number of vic
tims marked out for the hungry tyrant death,
■■■ ho is now demanding Ids millions at a meal.—
, On the morning ofthe 24th, loud cries were
heard in every direction of suddt n deaths. In
some families there lay three corpses, and in
others two; many wore attacked with they
1 know not what; soon it was pronounced Choi
-1 eta. Early enough they brought us a young
Firenclimnn, perfectly* in his senses, though utt
; fortunately he could not bo induced to think of
anything but his violent cramps; ho expired
in a few hours. Olliers were brought followed
by a zealous priest, who placed himself between
two sufferers, exhorting first one and then the
other, then prudently waiting the moment when
■ the spasms were not so viol-tit, to give life to
their .precious souls, which still animated their
dying bodies. On tho 25th and 30th, our city'
i presented nothing but n scene of dismal confu
i sion and horror : people (lying from the town,
and many leaving their dearest friends to die
quite alone, not daring to remain in the same
house with them. Others again refusing to re
-1 eeive those who were running from their hou
ses, Ikmring lest the infection might ho in their
1 clothes ; so that our two hospitals, viz. the old
i and new one, have been the receptacles of all
■ kinds of persons; and true it is, that soma who
1 had not the disease before, took it and died in
; our house. Never can \vc forget tho 3fith of
October; it was a communion day for ns; onr
1 good In' si top said mass,hut wc were too much oc
cupied to hear the whole, and could only come
'■ after the consecration : we found onr holy pro
-1 late standing at the altar with uplifted hands,
all bathed in tears, interceding, no doubt, with
Jcstis Christ in behalf of his alllicted people.—
Wc approached the holy table, when turning to
wards us, holding in his hands the, well beloved
of our souls, he said, “Come, dear sisters, and
1 receive your God, he will ho your strength and
your courage, ho will go with you all the day
! and count your steps”—here his tears prevent.
1 ed him from continuing, and we received the
adorable body of our Redeemer. .Scarcely hud
1 we returned to our places, when called. I went
1 with the sacred host yet in my mouth, and was
1 soon followed by tny beloved sisters. From
that lime until the 30th and 31st, wc heard no.
’ thing in both the hospitals but the feeble groans
ofthe dying, and tho louder cries of the newly
attacked, who were brought to us from the
streets, front their houses and from their work
shops. Wc saw large, strong-bodied men, sud*
. deniy struck and expire in a few hours ; and be*
1 fore we could remove one corpse, a second, a
, third, and a fourth were ready ; this happened
to ns the two worst days. It was indeed ri ntov
-1 ing sight to behold those who still lived looking
. sorrowfully on the dead, as if lo say, “wc shall
I soon follow you.” Our worthy priests all the
i time busy in hearing the confessions of the Ca
tholics, comforting and instructing as far as they
■ could in such circumstance, baptising tho unhap.
‘ tized, &c. Only 9 Cholera patients to-day, so
you see wc begin to brent ho a little. Onr sis
ters hero are true daughters of St. Vincent of
Paul; they have nursed day and night, never
taking the least rest, until exhausted nature
forced them to do so. We have had no rule but
silence and active charity ; necessity compelled
us to make groat exertions; we did what we
could do, yet much more might have been done
had we been more numerous. Every otto who
had health ran away from us, the wnshcr-wo.
matt went olf leaving the tubs full of wet clothes,
nor could wo prevail on them to wash even the
sisters' clothing in their own houses. The
bishop prevailed on nit Irishman to remain with
us three days. Only one person stood his
ground like a true soldier of the cross, and that
was a brother of the order of St. Vincent; he
brought the sick lo both hospitals on his hack,
and remained with us day and night, to help in
nursing them, and it is he who removes the dead
bodies from ns ; when the corpse is not too
heavy, he takes it in his arms and carries it out
•of our way, and when it is too weighty, two or
three sisters assist him in removing it; some
times 1 help a little, but am generally dismissed
as one not strong enough. Do not ho uneasy
about us as tho cholera is abating. All unite in
allcctionnto remembrance to mother and all our
sisters ofthe valley. Adieu, my much respect
ed father.
Distinction between the, Human Spirit and
Animal Mind, —The human soul is us clearly
distinguished from till animal mind, notwithstand
ing the partial resemblances that exist, ns the
hoe is from the sponge, or tho elephant from the
oyster. Independent of all nietnphysicaU dis
crimination, the literature, the history, the arts,
tho mechanisms, and the manufactures of man
kind—all that enoblos, enriches, ami delights a
cultivated nation, show at once, with an irresist
ablo certainty, the immense superiority ofthe
human soul. It has discovered and acquired
the sciences, composed the works, displayed the
feelings, performed the actions and created the
buildings, the ships, the paintings, the statues,the
music, and all the other wonders of civilized so
ciety. These are sufficient facts to separate the
human spirit from the animal mind. That never
improves ; that, in no ago or country, Ims effect
ed any progression; though it sees, hears, and
feels as we do, and thinks and rsasons, wills and
judges on its perceptions, solar as its appetites
arc concerned, much us wo do on ours. But
there is its limit. Beyond that small, though
useful circle, it never advances. In our appe
tites in tho mental agency which they stimulate
aml’acquire, wo have a kinship and a similitude,
hut no lurther. \V lieu our moral principles be
gin—when our unprovabilities develop©—when
wc rise beyond our animal wants and desires—
when we study nature—when we cutivate lit
oruturo—when wo seek after knowledge—when
the reason and the sympathies ascend to their
Creator —we distinguish onr spirit from the an
imal mind for ever To none of these things
can that attain. It is incapable either of receiv
ing or of comprehending them ; and these enobl
ing powers and their phenoma express and ill.
ustratc the amazing difference which parts us
from our fellow brutes, more impressively tlieii
any verbal definitions or descriptive particulari
ty. Their faculties, instincts, and powers are
admirable for their class of being, and enlarge
our notions of the benevolence as well as of the
almightiness of our Common Maker; but they
bear no comparison with the transcending cap
acity, qualities, and achievements of their human
masters. — Turner’s Sacred History.
HiinifHriiin Horse Dealer.
“ On the third night after his departure from
Vienna, he stopped at a quiet inn, situated in
the suburbs of a smalltown. Ho had never
been there before, but the house was comforta
ble, and the appearance of the pcoplejibout it
respectable. Having first attended to his tired
horse, he sat down to supper with his host and
family. During the meal, he was asked whence
he came, and when he had said from Vienna,
all present wore anxious to know the news.
The dealer told them all he knew. The host
then enquired what business had carried him to
Vienna. Ho told them he had been there to
sell some of the best horses that were ever ta
ken to that market. When he heard this, the
host cast a glance at one of the men of the fa
mily who seemed to be his son, which the deal
er scarcely observed I lion, but which he had
reason to reoal afterwards. When supper was
finished, the fatigued traveller requested to bo
shown to his bed. The host himself took up a
light and conducted him across a little yard at
the back of the house, to a detached building,
which contained two rooms, tolerably decent for
a Hungarian Hold. In the inner of these
rooms was a bed, and here the host loft him to
himself. As the denier throw oil' his jacket anil
loosened the girdle around his waist where Ids
money was deposited, lie thought ho might as
well see whether it was safe. Accordingly ho
drew out an old leathern purse that contained
his gold, and then a tattered parchment pocket
book that enveloped the Austrian bank notes,
and finding that both were quite right, he laid
them under tho bolster, extinguished the light,
and threw himself on the bed, thanking God
and the saints that had carried him thus fur
homeward in safety, tie had no iViisgiving as
to the character of the people he had fallen u
rnongst to hinder his repose, and the poor dealer
was very soon enjoying u profound and happy
sleep. He might have been in thisstate of bea
titude an hour or two, when he was disturbed
with a noise like that of an opening window,
and by a sudden rush of cool night air ; on rais
ing himself in tho bed, ho saw peering through
an open window which was almost immediately
above the bed, the head and shoulders of a man,
who was evidently attempting to make his in
gress into the room that way. As the terrified
dealer looked, the intruding figure was with
drawn and ho heard a rumbling noise, and then
the voices of several men, as he thought close
under the window. The must dreadful appre
hensions, the more horrible as they were sosud
den, now agitated the traveller, who, scarcely
knowing what he did, hut utterly despairing of
preserving his life, threw himself under tho bed.
He had scarcely dune so, when the hard breath
ing oft a man was heard at Iho open window,
and the next momenta robust fellow dropped in
to the room, and after staggering across it, gro.
P"d his way by the walls to tho bed. Fear had
almost deprived the horse dealer of his senses,
but yet lie perceived that the intruder, whoever
ho might he, was drunk; there was however,
slight, comfort iu this, for he might only have
swallowed wine to make him more desperate,
and the traveller was convinced he had heard
the voices of other men without who might climb
into tho room to assist their brother villain in
case any resistance should he made. Ills as.
tonishment however, was great and reviving,
when he hoard the fellow throw oil'his jacket on
the door, then toss himself upon the bed under
which he lay. Terror, however, had taken too
firm a hold on tho traveller, to be shaken off at
once—his ideas were too confused to permit his
imagining another motive for such a midnight
intrusion on an unarmed man with property a
bout him, save that of robbery and assassina
tion, and belay quiet where he was, until he
hoard tho fellow above him snoring with all the
sonorousness of a drunkard.
Then, indeed, he would have loft his hiding
place, and gone to rouse the people of tho inn to
get another resting place instead of the bed of
which he had been dispossessed in so singular a
manner; but, just ns he came to this resolution,
he heard the door of the very room he was in
softly opened, and two men, one of whom was
the host, and the other his son, appeared on its
threshold. “ Leave the light where it is,” wins
pored the host, “or it may disturb him and give
us trouble.” “ There is no fear of that,” said the
younger man, also in a whisper, “ we are two to
one ; he has nothing hut a little knife about him
—he is dead asleep, 100, hear how lie snores I”
“Domy bidding,” said the old man sternly, “
would you have him wake and rouse the neigh
borhood with his screams ?” As it was, the hor
ror stricken dealer under the bed could scarcely
suppress a shriek, but he saw that the son left
the light in tho outer room, and then pulling the
door partially after them, to screen t’-e rays
of the lamp from the bed, he saw the two
inurdcrersglidcto the bedside; and then heard
a rustling motion as of arms descending outlie
bed clothes, and a hissing, and then a grating
sound, that turned his soul sick, for he knew it
came from knives or daggers penetrating to tho
heart or vitals of a human being like himself,
and only a few inches above his own body. This
was followed by one sudden and violent start on
tho bed, accompanied by a moan. Then the bed,
which was a low one, was bent by an increase
of weight, caused by one or both the murderers
throwing themselves upon it, until it pressed the
body of the traveller. There was an awful
silence for a moment or two, and then the host
said, “he is finished—l have cut him across the
throat—take the money, 1 saw him put it under
his bolster.” “1 have it, here it is,” said the son;
a “ purse and a pocket book.” The traveller
was then relieved from tho weight that had op
pressed him almost to suffocation ; and the as.
sassins, who seemed to tremble us they went,
ran out tifthe room,took up the light & disappeared
altogether from the apartment. No sooner were
they fairly gone, than the poor dealer crawled
from under the bed, took one desperate leap & es
caped through the little window by which ho had
seen the unfortunate wretch, who had evidently
been murdered in his stead. He ran with all
his speed into the town, where he told his horrid
story and miraculous escape to the night-watch,
conducted him to the burgomaster, who was soon
aroused from his sleep, and acquainted with all
that had happened. In less than half an hour
from the time of his escape from it, tho horse
dealer was again at the murderer’s inn with the
magistrate and a strong force ofthc horrorstrick
en inhabitants and the night watch, who had all
run thither in the greatest silence. In the house
all seemed as still as death ; but as the party went
round the stables, they heard a noise ; cautioning
the rest to surround the inn and the out houses,
the magistrate, with the traveller and some half
dozen armed men ran to the stable door; this
i they opened, and found within the host and ids
. son digging a grave. The first figure that met
; the eye of the murderers, was that of the travel
: lor. The effect of thisfton their guilty souls was
; too much to bo borne ; they shrieked, and threw
r themselves on the ground'; and though they were
. immediately seized by hard griping hands of real
i flesh and blood, and heard the voices of the ma
gistrate and their friends and neighbours, de
nouncing them as murderers, it was some min
utes ere they could believe that the figure of the
1 traveller that stood among them was other than
1 a spirit.
r It was the hardier villain, tho father, who on
hearing the stranger’s voice, continued iu con
' versation with the magistrate, first gained suffi
cient command over himself to raise his face
from the earth; he saw the stranger still pule and
l; haggard, but evidently unhurt. Tho murderer’s
’ head spun round confusedly ; hut, at length rb
' sing, ho said to those who held him, “Let me
1 see that stranger nearer—let me touch him—
' only let me touch him? The poor horse-dealer
’ drew buck in horror and disgust. “You may
" satisfy him in this,” said the magistrate, “ho is
3 unarmed and unnerved, and wc arc here to pre
" vent Ids doing yon harm.” On tins tho travel
’ lor let the host approach him, and pass his hand
over his person, which, when he had done, the
s villain exclaimed, “1 am no murderer ! —-Who
' says I urn a murderer?” “That wo shall see
1 anon,” said the traveller, who led the way to
1 the detached apartment, followed by the magis
’ trato, by the two prisoners, and all the party
which had collected in the stable on hearing
1 what passed there. Roth father and son walk
i cd with considerable confidence into the room ;
but when they saw by the lamps the night-watch
’ and others held over it, that there was a body,
’ covered with blood, lying upon the bod, they
i cried out “How is this ! who is this !” and rush
cd together to the bed side. The lights were
lowered ; their rays fell full upon the ghastly
J face and bleeding throat of a young man. At
the sight, tho younger of the murderers turned
[ his.head and swooned in silence ; hut the father,
uttering a shriek so loud, so awful, that one of the
eternally damned alone might equal its effect,
’ threw himself on tho bed, and on tho gushed
and bloody body, and murmuring in his throat,
1 “My son ! 1 have killed mine own son !” and also
found a temporary relief from the horrors of his
j situation in insensibility. The next minute the
wretched hostess, who was innocent of all that
’ hail passed, and who was without knowing it
the wife of a murderer, and tho mother of a
1 murdered son—of a son killed by a brother and
father, ran ,to the apartment, and would have
’ increased tenfold its already insupportable hor
j rors by entering there, had she not been pre
vented by the honest town’s people. She had
’ been roused from sleep by the noise made in
the stable, and then by her husdand’s shriek,
: and was now herself shrieking and frantic car
ried back into the inn by main force.
Tho two murderers were forthwith bound and
■ carried to the town gaol, where on examination,
which was made the next morning, it appeared
from evidence that the person murdered was
tho youngest son of the landlord of the inn,
ami a person never suspected of any crime more
serious than.hnbitual drunkenness ; that instead
I of being in bod us his father and brother had
believed him, ho had stolon out of the house,
and joined a party of carousers in the town ; of
these boon companions all appeared in evidence;
. and two of them deposed that the deceased, be
ing exceedingly intoxicated, and dreading his
I father’s wrath, should he rouse the house in
, such a state and at that late hour, had said to
, them that ho would get through tho window info
the little detached apartment and sleep there as
he had often done before, and that they two had
! accompanied him, and assisted him to climb to
the window. The deceased had reached the
, window once, and as they thought would have
t got safely through it, but drunk and unsteady as
j lie was, he slipped back ; they had then some
I difficulty iu inducing him to climb again, for in
. the caprice of intoxication, ho said he had ra
ther go sleep with one of his comrades. How.
. ever, he had at last effected his entrance, and
; they, the two comrades, had gone to their res
pcctive homes. The wretched criminals were
r executed a few weeks after the commission of
, tho crime. They had confessed every thing,
f and restored to the horse dealer the gold and pa
t per money they had concealed, and which led
them to a deed so much more atrocious than
i even they had contemplated.
From the New.tnrk Courier anil Enquirer.
Extraordinary Theft. —The following amus
j ing mid singular piece of roguery, lately occur
red iu Paris ;
j An individual, well dressed, presented him
i self at the shop of a female who sold ready
’ made linen in one of the retired parts of Paris,
< and observed to her, that,she appeared to keep
. a large assortment of gentlemen’s shirts. “Oh,
. yes, she had them of all descriptions, and very
f cheap.” “ Pray, madam,” said ho, “ have you
t any garments of a similar description and supc
-3 rior quality, for ladies ; lam about to be mar
s ried and wish to make my intended wife a pre
-3 sent of three dozen.” “ Certainly, certainly,
1 sir, 1 have some which lam sure will suit you,”
• and forthwith,three parcels, each containing a
t dozen, were exhibited on the counter. One
t was opened and tho stranger examined it with
3 much attention; at last he said, “1 am afraid
’ that these are too short;” then seemed lost for
s a moment in thought, at the difficulty which pre
i seated itself to his mind of ascertaining the pro
, ci.se size wanted—an idea seemed to strike him.
3 “ Madam, he said, you arc about the height and
3 size of tho lady 1 shall shortly marry, would it
a be asking too much of you to draw one of these
1 over your dress.” “ Not at all, I’ll do it with n
it great deal of pleasure.” In a minute, the good
c woman appeared in the body of the shop com
r pletely enveloped in one. The stranger looked
: at her, walked round her, and stooped, uppaf
r cully to draw down the garment behind her to
. its lull length, in doing which he very adroitly
. fastened her clothes to it with a largo pin. She,
, supposing his examination finished, attempted to
J take it oft’ again, when to her astonishment she
a found hor clothes rose up with it. At this mo.
| meat the fellow grasped the parcels and made off
. with them. The poor woman hesitated to fol-
I low—made another attempt to divest herself of
,• the superfluous covering, but failing to do so,
1 ran after him. So much time however was
1 lost and so many boys collected about her at the
, novel appearance she presented, that she was
i soon compelled to return to her shop and put up
1 with the loss.
r *-
J Iu the county of Westmoreland, mole catch
‘ ing for the last century lias become a science of
- its own, and those who wish to live by a know.
1 ledge of it, must serve a seven years upprenticc
- ship. It is from this country that Great Britain
t receives her mole catchers ; and were wo to ex
; amine the science minutely, we should find that
it fully requires seven years, hard study, accom
panied with great practice, to come to moderate
s proficiency. The mole is quite a philosopher in
his way, and changes his plan of lifu according
to the lauds he frequents ; he has different modes
for fallows, mosses, pastures and gardens, all ne.
culiar in form.
Centenary of Georgia —Geogia lias completed
the hundredth year of her existence. On this
clay, the pecans of a grateful people ascend to the
Giver of all Good, for the blessings, civil and
religious, so bountifully dispensed to them.—One
hundred years ago, the great and good Ogle
thorpe, with Ids litllo band of followers, first
planted his footsteps upon our Bluff. Ho came
not like Pizarro with desolation in his train, and
intent on exterminating the natives of the forest,
to satiate an unholy appetite for gold. He came',
leading to a new and unexplored country a band,'
of poor and needy followers—a helpless train of
women and childrenswelling his little hand. The
canoe of the Indian was gliding peacefully on the
waters of the Savannah—the smoke of his cabin
ascended in a peaceful current to the skies of
heaven. Tomoohichi trodo the monarch of the
woods, and his eyes reposed on the scene with
conscious majesty. Oglethorpe mot him and other
Chiefs of the Nation in Cooncil, & concluded a
treaty of peace and friendship. The lofty pine
of the forest fell before the axe of the adventurers
and a few log huts marked the spot which was
destined to be the commercial outlet of a great (
and powerful State. At this day a population
of more than half a million of souls occupy the
land, which in 173:1 resounded with the war
whoop of the savage. The latter has retired
before the march of civilization, and their cabins
have given place to the abodes of science and
the arts—to the lofty spires erected by Christian
man, to point the way to brighter worlds. The
Colony, which, at the outset in 1733, derived aid
in the necessaries of life from South Carolina,
now rivals her older sister in her population, her
resources, her industry and her intelligence.
Presenting the aspect of a free and independent
State of a great and unrivalled Confederacy, she
bids fair to increase in her prosperity as the re.
sources of her rich and varied soil are develop,
ed. Docs not the heart of the patriot kindle with
emotion, when lie throws his glance along the
vista of futurity, and inquires what will be her
condition when the year 1033 is ushered into ex.
istenco? Teeming with wealth and population,
enriched by the works of art, embellished with
canals and rail-roads, her condition will be view,
cd by tlic patriot of that clay, we trust, with the
proud feelings whicli now gladden the heart of
(lie patriot of 1833. May we not hope too, that
that Union, now composed of twenty.four States,
will one hundred years hence present to the go.
vernments of Europe, tile proud spectacle of fifty
inflnponilont States, extending even to the Pacific,
knit together by the tio d’a common ancestry,
find a common kindred of .feelings and of inter
csts.—Savannah Georgian Vith, hist,
Fire. —With feelings of deep regret, we have
to announce the destruction by fire of the Steam
Grist Mill of Mr. Griffin, on the Bluff, near
West Broad-street. The fire broke out about
9 o’clock last evening, and in a short time the
building was consumed. Wo understand there
was no insurance, the Offices having refused to
insure. A building owned by Mr. Griffin, erect,
ed by him last summer as n public batliing.house,
was pulled down. The houses iu the vicinity
were in great danger, but the activity of the
firemen and citizens generally, arrested the
(lames. Mr. Griffin, is a worthy, industrious
mechanic, with a large family, and we understand
tiiat the mill was principally erected by his own
exertions unci ingenuity. Owing to the late hour
we did not ascertain the loss.— ld.
Tithes. —We have received letters by this
day’s post from various correspondents, at and
in the neighborhood of Bandon, which represent
that district, to an extent of over 20 miles, to
have exhibited, during the past six or eight
days, all the appearance of a country roused in.
to insurrection. Scarcely a day has passed o.
ver without large military and police parties
being seen, acting simultaneous y, in different
parishes, in aid of the collection or recovery of
tithes. The hills are, for many miles round,
covered with thousands of the peasantry, who
arc alone deterred by the presence of the army
from resisting the agents of the incumbents.
Timolengue is represented as presenting the
appearance of a besieged town ; Kilineen like
wise.—Dunmanway is half filled with troops,
and now and again the town of Bandon is a
roused by the beat of drum to arms. Yester
day, 80 of tlic marine force stationed there,
accompanied by Maskoiine Alcock, Esq. a
magistrate, and several other gentlemen, pro.
needed to I lie parish ofMurrngh, the rector of
which is tlie Rev. Robert S(. Lawrence, fur the
purpose of serving a number of tithe processes.
Thousands of the peasantry sprung up, as if by
magic, stones were thrown, the magistrates ap.
pealed to, but, fortuneately, in vain, to order
the murines to fire.—One process was served,
the rest abandoned, and tlic half worn out sol.
diers marched back, amidst the shouts of the
people. The more respectable inhabitants of
these districts are said to be living in a state
of groat alarm, and this in a part of the country
heretofore proverbially tranquil— Cork Ilepor .
ter.
The Migration of Birds. —One of the most
special appointments of the Creator, as to birds,
and which nothing but His chosen design and
corresponding ordaimnent can explain, is the
law, that so many kinds shall migrate from
one country to another, and most commonly at
vast distances from each other. They might
have been all framed to breed, lie born, live,and
die in the same region, as occurs to sonic, and
as quadrupeds mid insects do. But He has
chosen to make them travel from one climate to
another, with unerring precision, from an ir
resistible instinct, witli a wonderful courage,
witli an untiring mobility, and in a right and 4
never failing direction. For this purpose, they
cross ocenns without fear, and with a perse
vering exertion that makes our most exhausting
labors a comparative amusement. Philosophy
in vain endeavors to account for the extraordin
ary phenomenon. It cannot disorder any ad
equate physical reason. Warmer temperatures
are not essentially necessary to incubation, nor
always the object of tlic emigration, for the
snow bunting, though a bird of song, goes into
flic frozen Zone to breed, lay and nurture its
young. The snow bird has the same taste or
constitution for the chilling weather, which the
majority recede from. We can only resolve
all these astonishing journeys into the appoint
ment oi'tho Creator, who has assigned to every
bird the habits, as well as the form, which it
was liis good pleasure to imagine and to attach
to it. The watchful naturalist may ficar, if not
sec, several migrations of those which frequent
our island, botli to and fro, ns spring advances
and ns autumn declines; but as they take place
chiefly at night or at early dawn, and in the
higher regions of the atmosphere, they arc much
oftener audible titan visible to ns on the surface
of the earth.— Turner's Sarrcd History.