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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
' BY p. c, CHEV.
THE UNITED STATES.
KTTERMS. —For thP_ DAJLY Eg*
rS" P 7ur ar ‘th" n WEEKLY, (containing twenty-
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for each insertion; monthly at SI. &T Postage must
bt paid on letter* of business.
Heriwether Vnl»h Bftsolntioji*.
Greenville, Meriwether county ‘Wh Sept 1834-
Agreeably to previous notic ■, » l' r * e “ ÜBlb * r
of the cit’Xen* ot th s count- assembled at the
Court hors/, this 9«v. »o riel bera'e and discuss
the euiuec. of politic*, embracing the various
import mt measures and principles which now
agitate the public mind. On motion ot ir A.
Breves, Dr W. B Ector, was called to the
(Tt.ftir. and Os. Benjamin Johnson and Lev, M.
Ada; ,*. Esquire, apporlM Secretaries. The
•uhject of the meeWg be»t»f briefly explained
hv the Chmrman, .'.o. Wellborn mtMdueed a
Preamble and Resolutions in favor of the Un-on
party, ard Wm. D. Alexander. E*q. f Pf« a 'n-
We and Res-.lotions in favor of the Mate Right*
Parly. I’had been previously uu -erstooa be
tween Ik* Mftif* 'hat no vote should he taken
par* Iv- the res.fntmns of etth, r.
... Smyth, Esq of Forsyth, and
I.George \V. B Towns of Talbott..tt, snone
de, and A, D. rhappe'd. Bsq.of Forsyth, and
t *„i. Thomas F. Foster, of Gret nesborongh, on
the other side, should alternately address the
mee'., c; which they did in m able mid eloquent
manner to an interested audience. The re u'ar
debate bavin? closed, Mr. Sturgis in conclusion
addressed the meeting, and Mr. Alexander re
plied to him, when the meenng adjourned sine
j]e. W. B. ECTOR, Chairman.
B.Janyn, J Secretaries .
L. M. Adams, \
We, the free people of Meriwether County k
have assembled this tlav, not because we are
friendly to juridical societies, especially as vve
feel no cause of dissatisfaction towards our go.
vernment —which is erninent’v distinguished,
over all o'hers, for its mild and equitable laws,
and the numerous benefits an.l blessings wlm h
it alike dispenses upon the poor as well as the
rich.
As yet, we will as patriots, honestly sav, that
It has been and now is the heat government tn the
world.—The most republican in its character,
the most easily checked and tlm most willing to
be checked—depending alone on the will ol the
people and the limited tetm ol the officers of
their choice.
The history of the world cannot present a
parallel, in anv country, of similar advance in
wealth, population, industry, education, public
improvement and the genera! happiness and con
tented slate of inhabitants. But history informs
us. the passion* of the human heart have always
been the same in all countr es; that flagitious
and treasonable ambition, in individuals dt j tin
guished either for their talents or intellectual
endowments, has been the bane, in (act, the effi
cient cau«e o* the downfall ot all free govern
ments. And does our country stand as an ex
yeption to this historic truth ?—Candor constrains
us to say, no.
Does not the name of Burr blacken tbs histo.
tv of our country 7—a traitor in civil .nes—a
memorable victim to disappointed amPuion and
personal spleen. We all remember, too, the
time, but a few yeats back, when Henry C'av
i dictated the president, and pla, ed us under John
Quincv Adams for tour y«ars, contrary to the
instructions of his own State, and the known
wishes of the American people. Here was a
treat abuse, a vital stab at the freedom ot the
per.p ( e, but their good sense, and rotation in office
corrected it.— And more recently, have we n«>t
beheld how John C. Calhoun, at the head of a
desperate faction, mainly inspirited bv personal
rupture, has shaken the Union and stability of
the States to their centre, calculating its value
with the tariff, and leading off the public mind,
from the true question and the alternative of dis
anion info the proofs of abstract mathematics
sind fh# dormant rights of the Stales ? Yes,
the true question; because he had made it so.
That Constirudon. the work of Washington,
Franklin, Madison and Jefferson, was in the last
convulsive agonies of death, in the onward march
of revolution, and ’he best and greatest patriots
had already begun to weep ov*r the mutilated
institutions of our common country. But thanks
to an overruling and kind Providence, the patri.
ot Jackson, with a host of old republicans and
paniots from every quarter, “guided the helm
and directed the storm ” and standing belore the
Constitution of our country and the spirit ol re
volution, ejtclaimed “ thus far shall thou come,
but no further."
Thispatriotic and devoted act eared us then.
Bm were there not men, are there no' now. who
exclaim against this devotion to country, denoun
cing the respect of the laws as submission and
considering their violation a patriotic duty .'—
And on the other hand, say Calhoun and his fol.
lowers are patriots and friends of their country—
■nd that they have calculated the value ot the
Union lor its worth! They are in this dilemma,
mat this is time, or if not, they pretended to do a
thing which they would not have done!
We organize here this day, to oppose the Cal.
bruin party, who have established a political club
in our county, for the object o' consummating his
previously baffled a 1 d foiled attempts upon the
institutions ot our country.
The name of Jstate Rights will not avail them
with a discerning and patriotic community. It is
a turn upon a name—identical with nullification
and its principles, both in public associations and
• secret policy. They advocate the same pnnei.
plea, the same doctrines. Where then the differ,
enoe 7 ft is but due to ourselves and the coun
try. t« promulgate our principles, upon which we
- and those who think with ua, shall rise or fall.
• We believe that the States composing this con.
fiederaey, are united by compact under the style
and title es the constitution ot the United Status
—that the States have granted certain -high an I
sovereig* powers to a common agent to be ex
ercised for their-cormnori l*enefit—that this agent
is the goneramesit of the United States—that this
government.'being clothed with such powers, i«
there ore sovereign icilhin her constitutional
sphere; that the powers not delegated to the
general government were reserved to the States
«r to tue people ; that neither the general govern
merit nor the State governments transcend their
limits, as laid down by, ami in, the constitution—
that the Slates, having each separately, delihe
rate.ly and unitedly, solemnly formed a constiiu
lion, are to be governed by it through those whom
they have chosen to administer and execute it,
executive, judicial and legislative—and that, ass
united people, they constitute a sovereign people
and nation; and that no Stale can claim, as a
eonsiitutional right, to resume those powersced
ed to the United Slates by the compact of the
constitution. To promote and perpetuate those
views, therefore,
Resolved, Thai we will oppose constitutionally
the exercise of all dangerous and unconstitution,
ai powers by tne general government, and also ull
violent and unjustifiable encroachments by the
States upen the constitutional limits 6! the gen
eral government.
Resolved, That wc adhere to the Virginia and
Kentucky resolutions of 1 <9B ®bd *99. ca stated
and explained by Mr. Madison, and that we will
follow om not only what they said, but.did at c.iat
ELECTION RETURNS FOR NENBERS TO CONGRESS.
ONION TICKET. STATE RIGHTS TICKET.
n? ® fc !'o j ■Op I c
3 | I 5 i J !■■ T■ ? ! ? 1 f ri S S . g £ | Si if
COUNTIES. 5 5 gj» lOT t | t| | j p I. £ ? 11l I F |
• l-r.' -
Appling, j I j I j |. jk j- i ■ i
Baker, , I I ' ! I•. | ! ’ { * V-
Baldwin, ; 374! 376 372 375 371 373 370 375 ! 371 ’3l if 320 312 311 31*2 539 316 316 *299
j Bibb, i 634 628 628; 629; 634 625 623 632 638 478 450 f 452 450 451; 453 442 463 441
j B-yan, i 64 66 64; 62 66 66 66 66 67 i 62 64 63 61 63 64 6t 61 63
Bulloch, 1 . ! !- i
Umke I 405 408 408 i 406 £2l 403 395 406 403 ! 582 532; 591 592' 597 i 603 591 594 572
I Butts,’ ! ' | i ■ j ' I
I Camd°n, i i - :
I Campbell, | * i I• -i :
| Carroll, | I J . ] . . | £
j Chatham, 1 640 617 616 651 654 606 641 634 653' 349 355 374 3511 363 370 356 368 344
; Ch'Tohee, ! i j • I
Clark, 1 397 407 408 402 404 396 403 392 407 56C 570; 573 5301 578 600 567 595 561
Cottb, { i i i
Columbia, 99 96 97: 24 101 93 98 93 98 302 298, 301, 304 305 303 296 303 298
, Coweta, 11 ! I ' *
Crawford, 495 474 495 498 497 484 483 407 492| 210 2151- 2011 213 208; 216 200 217 204
Decatur, [ . 1 , | * j■'
Kalb, ' ' J ’I I I 1
Dooly, 261 260 2711 27 2331 271 275 266, 230 106 10 1 97 105; 116, 108 105 110 107
i Early, I ' I 1 * I \ 1
I EiKngham, 142 15! 152 14! 149' 151 150 1501 1501 153 150 151 J 56 156 163 155 155 161
; Elbert, | 1 I j i j
: Lina mi *l,
I Fayette, | 1 j i !• i
! Floyd, | ! j 1 I j I -
j Forxyth, j j j it | t
. Franklin, j , ; t I i i j
1 t - i- I i . j .
1 Glynn, jl ' ? . 1
i I Gre-he, 1 Hi 34 37 36 36 28 311 38 34 ; 694: 700: 7tK)i 717 7-A8 72? f 702'719690
I • Owinn-tt, j 987> 934 930 j 931 980 974 975 934 979 8J8 1 823 82 f 824 325 83.1824 831 BiO
r j Hab’rshim, j ! j i :j i ’ ( i | |. j
. ; I bill, 1869 j 859 856 1 856 856 853 856 853 861 573 i 531 584 : 515 533 533, 573 591 531
Hancock, j 461 464 472 456 461 453 457 451, 462 413 425 415 427 427 427 42 ] 426 404
Harm, | j j t ; j: | . j ! 1
' iJ ard,
Hmry, | ! 1 i ! '' I |‘ I | !
Houston, 771 767 766 760 769 763 765 767 766 518: 520: 51' 519 515 511 515 515 517
Irwin, j I ! , .1 f ’ t | I . i ‘ j j
Jackson, 650 650 647 668 j 651 647; 651! 644 653 422 421 420' 435 422 424 422' 427,414
. Jasper, 592 598 595 591 591 576 591! 539 60,1 604 613 609: 618 610 622 fiflfr 616 607
. J ffTson, 147 133 1 137 145 153 136 136 146 146 429 433| 433 441| 475 450 43f 44ft4SB
' Jon ’s, 614 609' 613 603 615 601 613 , 610 613 535 535 523: 532 ' 532 534 528: 537 533
• Laurens, 12 9' 111 12 Hi 8 7 5 10 345 349 350! 35,! 350 350 340; 351313
- Lee, , 109 114 103 103 116 105 105 1 160 104 79 64 64' 72 73 82 1 72 87 77
. Liberty, 157) 157 157 j 1521 160 156 154 155, 160 U 9, U7| 150 152 151 151 149, 152! 147
1 Lincoln, 262 260 262; 25'.'j 261: 262 264! 263 261 325 326 342 323 323 330 324 3361329
. Lowndes, ! j 1 b |, I I i i •
Lumpkin, 586 578 574 574, 572 578 537 578 575 356 356 356 331 361 351 355 3666363
. Madison, | j j ! i 1; 1.1 i i : K
Mi ion, j j • j !: I j ! , 1 ■ ■ |
‘ Mclntosh, 101 86 97j 10? 101 94 72 102 104 16 16 13 201 -35 211 18 44 ! 16
• 31 *ri wether, I j | I I 1 1 I . I
• 3lonro°, I 867: 869 SGS 87o; 859; 862, 870 868 866 837 904 835 895 891 892, 890 904 892
■ Montgomery,! | ! i ' i I i 4 • j i
f Morgan, I 351 346 344 350 351 347 350 316 347 485 486 485 497 190 490, 480 492 j 191
Murray, 11 1 j l'i 11 j 1 j' ‘'i r '
1 j | "l'i ■ 1
, Newton, i ! ! ' 1 ! ! 1 ’ ■ v■: . .... ..
' Ogl thorps, 121 134 129 124 129, 131 1271 120 134 425 430 132 442 HO 462 428; 442,423
Paulding, i I I. |i M I j>- j.t"-' j- ■ !>■ | .
Fik°, i 1 I 1 '1 ■ '' I !
' Puhski, 277 275 273 277 273: 276 276 275 278 112 109 109 .*6 M7 114; 112 116113
1 Putnam, 229 243 231 227 236 212 215; 225 254 655 639 673 709 703 742 685 7011677
1 j Rabun, | j I lil ; • i . j
j Randolph, j | j j j J j -VI ‘.’l f ' j
I Richmond, 506 605] 600 615 624, 535; 602, 53 ( > 621), 482 j 470 488' 501 511 523' 471 5591 166
Striven, 23* 240 237 237, 241. 236! 239 . 235 246 261* 262 265 *265 295 267> 256 26#‘266
| tew f art ’ i I i i | i i, i | [ T
1 Sumter, ; II j j ;| t i I
Talbot, ! ! || ! I .1 I .
1 Tiliaf-rro, , 14 13 12 13 14> 12 13 13 00 402 ' 402 403 ' 403 402 406 401 406 L 0
Tattnall, I , j ; . I I I I 1 i
T“llair, j | I j 1 | | I \ \
Thomas,
| Troun, ,
I Twiggs, , 523 329 524 523 523 525 516 527 523 375 357 3ti»353 354 355 355 353 355
• Union, j 1 jj j W\ I j
: i 1 I. Jap m ij I ;
. Walton, 763 759 759 753 757 733 762 760 761
. War-, |i ,1 J" I j r ' I' '
Warren, ) 361 427; 443 409 414 422 337 417 424 523 513 504 i 519 520 i 63ft 500 : 536 157
1 Washington, I ! i i ! I i ' i I i ■
’ Wayn*, | I i| | I I j •|• r ; • ■ -
s \\ ilk •«, 1 539] 539 593 590. 592, 589, 593 531 590 353! 353 557, 9Gi; 558! 556 -553 563 551
t Wilkinson, 1 I 1 I I I " I t J -■ !••
I time, which is contrary to the construction and
f practice o( the tiullif»!Tß of South Carolina and
1 Georgia of this day.
> Resolved, That .Stale interposition by force is
unknown to the Constitution: when assumed,
1 would be above it ; that in “the event ol a fail
, tire of every constitutional resort and an accnmu*
■ lation of usurpations and abuses rendering pas
. mve obedience and non-resistance a greater evil,
than resistance and revolution, there can remain
but one resort —the last ol all—an appeal from
1 the cancelled obligations ot the constitutional 1
compact to original rights, and the law of self- •
1 pre; ervation—and it cannot he doubled that a
■ single member of the Union, in the extremity
I supposed, but in that only, would have a right,
as an extra and ulira constitutional one, to make
the appeal.” The constitution of the States,
vnijed, has provided that no S:ate constitution or ;
laws separate shall contravene its righis and
powers. This State veto is hut t..e revival of
■ the claim of State sovereignty, and nearly in the.
1 same word*, as set up by the N*w England ...
States, by which they paralyzed all national op
-1 eralion* and withheld their aid from the public
service, at a most momentous periob of the late
■ war. It rendered peace of indispensable neces
sity ; for the want of means, as well ns from gen
eral policy ; for “ revolutions do not go back*
ward.” This doctrine naturally and inevitably
lends to dissolution !
Resolved, T»at we will oppose, by al! prudent
• and proper means, the formation and extension
of State Right societies in this county or else*
' where. We deplore th<-ni as the greatest civil
curse of the country. What produced the test
oath of Sottlli-Carolina, the greatest climax of ,
1 State supremacy and tvrannr, nvght produce it ,
1 here ; and though freemen could and would sub. ,
1 mit to much injury of pecuniary interest for their
i Country’s sake, disiranchisement and exclusion . ,
. from personal rights seeks to destroy the proud- j,
. est hopes of the patriot, the last fundamental rel* j ,
ick of public liberty. Like cause* have like es- I ,
> sects, and may have the same objects. We dis* j
. approve it, os being calculated to make party dis- |
. cipiine paramount to public utility and individual
• merit; and surely the country has had a suffi
-1 cient ordeal in the rupture of social society.
I Resolved , That we have increasing confidence. i (
in the President ol the United States, and such 1
t of our delegation in Congress as gave the -
1 administration their aid in the last and late pr ri- ,
( lous sessioo of Congress. They are worthy ad
l voentes ot the rights of the States and ol the just ,
. rights ot the United States—professing and prac
-1 using by all “ peaceable remedies” to restore
the constitution to it? pristine purity, by abolish- j
r ing the tariff, internal improvement and National
. Bank systems.
I (
From the Correspondent of the London Times. 1
MADRID. August 2.—The c nominees ol the I ■
1 two Chambers 01 the Cortes have been occupied 1
’ lor several days in preparing their respective ad- 1
| dresses in answer to the speech from the throne. 1
That ot tiie Proceres has this morning been dis. ]
1 cussed and adopted - without alteration, as you i
j will see by the report of the sitting which will |
[ doubtless be sent to me in time to be enclosed in i I
f my letter. The draught prepared by the com- ; '
mittee of the Representative Clu mber contains ’ ;
much more debate ible matter, so that the discus j <
- sion which commences to morrow may piobably ] ■
* be protracted for several days. It is not a little 1
1 remarkable, however, that although the attention I:
* of the Cories was expressly called to the subject ■ i
of the na.iunai debt, both foreign and domestic, i 1
1 yet that not a word on the subject appears cither ■ <
i in the address adopted by lbs Proceres, or in the ; 1
1 draught which is to be debated to-morrow by the I i
l Frocuradores del Keino. It is nevertheless true S
that in the private discussions of the committee
ol the Procnradores, a paragraph was proposed,
and at oils of the preparatory sitting* was actu
ally adopted, conceived in such terms as to bind
lire Legislature to the unqualified recognition of
tit*' whole ol the debt, capitalizing-the interest as
of the date ol the commencement ol the session.
This paragraph, however, was afterwards with, j
drawn, tor litt express purpose, aS I believe, of
(browing the whole ol tiie responsibility were it :
ought to.rest —on the Government. I
It is with the utmost satisfaction that I am en. '
ablcd to add to this statement, on the very best j
authority,—on such authority as I can bid you j
unreservedly rely. — that it is the intention of the i
present Government, immediately after the dis. I
{Mission mi the address, to bring the financial as. j
fairs of the nation distinctly before the Cories, i
with such a recommendation as will undoubtedly ;
be adopted bv both Chambers, that the whole of |
the debt, the interest included, should be imrnc
cjlately and definitively acknowlef god. On the
-sumo authority ,1 am enabled to mid, that the
budget of the next financial year vTtt £fdpb*e die
appropriation of a sum sufficient to pay the one- I
hall ot the interest for that year of the whole of
the debt not hitherto recognized, this payment j
being a mere payment to account, in proof of the |
Btftceri y ot the proposed recognition.
I am still unwilling to hazard an opinion on
the general spirits of the 'wo Chambers, just be
cause I have been long enough in the country to
know how d fficult it is to look at facts which
are open to all the world in their true light, and
to draw just conclusions from them. As I hap
pen to be aware, however, that gentlemen corn
paranvely new to this country, have been trans
mitting views to England of the most exaggera
ted descrip ion, I think it my duty to supp.y you
with the means of providing an antidote. It is
true, as. I have repeatedly told you, in spite of
the arrest of Romeiro AlpuetUe, that there is
still a considerable spripklmg of Exaltados in the
Chamber of Deputies. The number of indepen.
dent members is so great, however,as almost to
secure a complete balance of power between the
two opposite extremes, throwing their weight in
to the ministerial.scale, tie Exaltados are
too violent, and supporting* Itbpqul principles as
often as'he G ivernmont displays an unreasona
ble show of resistance. Upon the whole, there-
Ihre, I dm satisfied that noth mg is Jto. arise out
of the discussion on the address to shake the
stability of the Government. It is nevertheless
true, that tiie idea of a partial or total change of
Ministry has got a strong hold ol the public mind,
so strong as to make it cause a subordinate ques.
lion, and of course a constant subject •( inquiry.
The members of the Cabinet are now pretty
generally exonerated from any share of the blame
arising from the remissness w ith which the pow.
ers ot the Executive we re exercised on the oc
casion of the pillage ami massacre on the Hih
of r uly. It is said, that even the late Captain
General San Martin, will be completely excul
pated; that sufficient proof exists of hi* having
issued the necessary orders for arresting the
progress ol the disorder as soon as lie knew that
the public peace had been disturbed, and that the
whole charge of having permitted the oppression
and so sharing the crime, must rest exclusively
on certain subordinate iunctionaries. Those
who insist, however on the breaking up of the -
Ministry, endeaver to find another reason-far
ana she'h a reason ai coAld - nafe weight only m
Spain, irfffie fact that the CatHsr conspirator,
Estefani, who has been condemned toaleath by a
council of w ar, has not yet been ordered for ex
edition. The fact is, that this poor old man hav.
ing been mails the dupe of one of those domestic |
traitors, w ho in the very nature of things become
p necessary for the protection of a despotic Gov
ernment, has been placed in the situation of being
tcchnicaHy guilty of accession to a conspiracy
which never existed. He was led to believe that
the Archbishops of Toledo and Seville, Zam-
brano, a former Minister of War, and seveial
Other persons of note, had embarked in this con
splracy.and a lorded authoriiy was brought to
• him by his betrayer, conferring on him a rank
little less than regal. This document was in
tact the chief,evidence against him, and as the in.
former knew the precise spot where it was de
posited, there was of course no difficulty in fiiid
?■ tug it. The Fiscal or Judge Advocate ,is very
1 much blamed for hta extreme eagerness in press
* ing first the trial, then the judgment, and now
2 the execution ; the delay in which occasioned by
merciful considerations,is imputed to the Minis
ter ot War, in the coffee houses and even in the
Journals* as a grievous fault.
The chief points on which to-morrow's d'se-us
Sion is expected to turn, are the responsibility of
1 M misters, the trial by jury, and the liberty of
I the press, on all which it will be attempted to ex
act pledges from the Government,
j 1- is said that Don Sebastian has at length
sttiled from Barcelona, and the reported arrival
I ol Don Miguel on the coast of Catalonia, is no
longer believed.
, Don Diego Clemencin, one of the greatest
scholars of the day, the keeper ot the Royal Lt
brary, and one ol the Secretaries of the Cham
i her ol Proceres, has fallen a victim to the pre
: vailing epidentic. The deatlts to.day still exceed
1 one hundred.
[From the Standard of Union.]
NUMHKR XXVII.
Conventions — Nullification —State Remedies — i
Right of Revolution-:—State Rights—Peculiar j
View of S' unification —Men oj '9B and ’3?— j
Slave Question —“Exchange of Equivalents''
in the Federal Constitutional.
Peculiar effi acy has been supposed to be irn.
purled to Nunification when .attempted by means
of a Convention. This will not avail, Ry ma
king the Constitution, laws and treaties of the
I United-States supreme, any thing tn the C.-usii-
I lution or laws o( any State to the contrary not
! withstanding, the people of the United Stat es make
| the Constitution and laws ot the United States j
superior both to the law-making power and to the !
! power which makes constitutions, in the *epa- j
rate States. The declarations of a State Con- j
vetitioh iit the premises, then, would only he a
more imposing expression of opinion, hut could
nor authoritatively control the operations ot the
General (.loverhnVont, which is the ere iture, not
of each <•! the States, but ol ail the States, acting
separately, to be sure, but yet concurrently,
Carolina NitMifh atom indeed presents a Itidi
! cfotts,. as well as a distressing aspect: After af
fecting to"set aside a law. and, by consequence,
the Constitution ol the United States; aher putting
aside, or changing ilieConsiiiuiii.m and laws ol
Car-Ima; it was uselt supeiseUtd by an assem
i blafle al thb t'lretlS !*
Some will have it, that, without State Rerne
dies, State Rights would be insecure. This may
be true; and yet the notions ol nnllificut'on winch
prevail in Carolina may not be true. No one
would say, that, because individuals are obliged
to rely ou the laws, in most cases, for redress, ;
; thereto'*, indiv dual rights are nm secure.
The right of revolution is undervalued by some.
This can only proceed from the h«al of party
controversy. The right ot revolution Is the Only
1 ultimate means ol preserving every other right.
Remove the right of resorting to force in eases
demanding it, and what would the tyrant care for
parchment securities, or tlieo. eitcal rights’ The
, nghi ol revolution ured the. liberties of this
country, as it has Irequen ly secured the liberties !
of other countries, when nothing else would have j
availed. Nor should it be undervalued because i
enjoyed in empmon wnh the subjects of the most ;
despotic aoverninents: the air that we breatlte ; !
the light of the sun itself are enjoyed in the same j
wav- Nor yet should the right in question be |
undervalued, because it would he exercised at
greut persons! risk ; our falhersdld n--I deprecate I
it on this ground “Tito summer soldier anti tlm \
sunshine patriot” wouln plead h>r rights which j
involve no risk ; but there are men who would sits- j
tain the public liberties at ev rv hazard.
11 jt he still contended that the doctrine of i
State Rights would be unavailing, unless it con- ;
; laiued the strong features insisted on by ("aroh-
I na : let it be rent inhered, as already intimated, :
I that, although the country was in a much worse ,
j situation during the ejdci Adams’Administration,
than during the recent controversies concerning j
! the tariff, yet Virginia was < nablcd to triumph j
I by wielding “the gnat MORAL instruments”of
I which 1 have so fully spoken.
i- ■ There is one view of nullification, which has •
I not yet been taken, ll the citizens of .Massachu.
j sens, being also citizens ot the; Union, were al
i lowed, by actual nii!lification and threatened
1 secession, to relieve themselves front their pro. >
; portions) contrihn ions t<> the public treasury,
| whtls-'he citizens of Georgia were compelled to i
pay them, would the people ot Georgia perceive j
any constitutionality, justice, or expediency, in
the measure ? So-of Cut alt na and (Georgia. Nor ]
is the ‘%ratfit»ent answered by saying Georgia !
might relieve herself in the same wav; since !
| Georgia might be restrained by conscientious con-
I aideratinns from thus relieving herself.
There is one marked difference between the |
I mt if of '9B and '39-4. The menot ’9B professed j
i ttietr warm attachment to the people, the consti- j
* tittion anil tlie Union of the states; ,See Kentucky !
and Virginia Resolutions.) and they, proved their |
i ita< Imieiit by their acts; many ot the nnlltfiers i
profess but iit tie attachment of that kind, and:
perhaps feel less. With the body of imllifiers, j
however, 1 hope and believe litecase is different; j
that ihey are honestly attached to titc Union— ;
The danger is, that some of iheir leaders may j
•educe them I rout their fidelity,
Otfe of the most dangerous, as well as most j
exciting topics which are introduced into the i
discussions of the day, is, the slave question.— ;
I have long believed, and I have lately seen it |
proved, that, even m reference to this inteiest, it i
in desirable to preserve, the union. The Consti- ;
lution makes it the duty of the General Govern* j
merit, it necessary, to protect the stales against i i
domestic violence. It 'he union were dissolved, ,
we coffin claim no. such protection. Under an
-act of congress now in force, masters may re
claim runaway slaves front the nbi >-s1 ave-h ol dmg j
states. If the union were dissolved, they could |
not do so. While the union continues, the other j '
dates will feel it their duty, as well as their in- \
terest, to restrain the efforts of their indiscreet 1
..citizens, in reference to this mailer. It it be ;
abandoned, this obligation will not be felt. On ; ,
the contrary, the new confederacies, in case of
those wars which will as certainly occur as the |
naiure of man remains the same, will, with great
probability, excite insurrection, and perhaps sub
jugate, this enure region. j 1
VVe have the express declarations ofMr. Web. ; i
ster, amt, I think, Mr. Otis, as well as other dis- j i
tingtiished citizens of the non-slave-holding states, , (
to show that they do not heiteve that they proper ,
ly have any control of this interest. Col. Lump' (
kin, during his journey.Hust year, iu those states,
satisfied himself, if I remember correctly, that '
they were not disposed improperly to interfere.
And tha feceut movements in New York, Phila- i
delphia. and elsewhere, show a determination |
. generally to put down efforts to disturb our t»- 1
pose, i
* j i
, ‘ .In,Coy. Troup’s letter of 96'h Dec. I?3S, he
.speaks of the “exchange of equivalents,” in the ;
adoption of the Federal Constitution. This is a ! ;
correct idea; and this idea will aid us in its cor- i
atruction. In entering into the compact, Mas- j *
saehusells grunted to Georgia, the right to go- j >
vern, jointly with the other States, through the !
General Government, in the exercise of the dele
? gated powers, within th* limits of Massachusetts;
1 and Massachusetts received in “exchange,” the
1 “equivalent” right, in conjunction with the other
• States, to govern wrthin the limits of Georgia,
1 through the General Government, in the exercise
-of ihe delegated powers. These mutual grants
• of power, given ami received upon mutual equi
t valent, have been “vested" n the common g<>.
1 vernment, for the common benefit. Georgia,
• therefore, hating a vested right, to exercise the
delegated powers within ihe limits of Massichu
setts, in (fie mode pointed out, Massachusetts
t cnnmrt,. without the consent ol the parties min
• t erest, or such causes as would justify revolution,
' resume the powers she has granted. Massachu
' sens cannot capriciously secede from the Union.
■ Georgia not only has a riiiht to insist on repara
-1 tion, in case of a breach of contract; she has a
right to insist on specific performance. Nothing
but consent, or such breach of the compact bv
the other party, as would cancel its olHigauon
j upon Massachusetts, or such material change in
J the circumstances of the parlies as would justify
j revolution; nothing but such causes as these,
would justify Massachusetts in seceding. Foi
■ such causes she would be justifiable.
IX A MINER
j August 22d, 1834.
a ** -fw <(n fft i r* a
» « w , w-.- .
Stiunlay Marnin?, On. 11. 1534.
EbKrriON KETI RVN.
Continued —The first named is the Senator.
Bulloch. Cone. Wilkinson.
Dooly. Graham. Bush.
| Gxoinevtte. Gbolson. Martin, Errand, Rambo,
| .Me Mi lien.
Hall. Dunagan. McAfee, Sanford, Clark,
Sims.
Houston. Dean. Engrain, Cole. Lawson.
Jasper. Reese. Robinson, Burney, Hardman
Jones. (Jordon. L.mier, Day, Pepper.
Laurens. W.irron. Staiilej, Yopp.
Lee. IFooibright. Jones,
j Lumpkin. Fields. <S’haw.
Meriwether. Wi-Dhorn. Perdue, .Vharp.
Morgan, Ni-sbit. Vanlandingham, Sparks.
Floyd.
Oglethorpe. Taylor. Young, Hardeman. Hub
| bard.
j, Pulaski. Cl ifton. Bracewell, Howell.
Scriren. McCall. Green, Lnmlay.
Taliaferro. Gresham. Chaffin, Moore.
Upson. Holloway. Cary, Davis.
Walton. Echols. Easly, Bryant, Morrow.
Wilkinson. Beall. Ross, Rivers.
Greene. Dawson. Janes, Cone, Rea.
Th ; following » tK- aggregate number of votes
I polled in 37 counties for members of Congress.
UNION. STATE RIGHTS.
I 14,7971 Beall, 15,930
| GrantlanJ, 14.849 | Chapp-11, 15,”60
1 Iliyns, 11,871 Daniell, 15,02!
Owns, 14,819 j Foster, 15,148
Schl-y, 11,911 1 Cam bis, 15,279
Sandiurd, 14,722 j Cilm -r, 15,526
Terr 11, 14,669 | Lama-, 14,977
Towns, 11,815 1 Wilde, 1,4560
Wayn-, 11,947 | N wnan, 14,892
~p . s \.
Ah Spain attracts, much more than any other W*
run'an nation, the attention- of th? civiliz ’d world,
I we b lieved that oir readers would be pleased to
! have some information, respecting th- proceedings
| of the Cortes, upon whx-h the regeneration and sh-
I fur- destinies of th it country most ess-ntially d»-
i pend. Th ■ information we give in this day’s paper (
is copied from th - l.oridon Tim’s, in a l»lt ;r from (
i the correspondent of that pap-r, dated at Madrid. J I
I And to complete the infb-mation in our possession, ’
| respecting Spain, we give the following d sHption
! of th -Spanish Ministers, at present in office, and
j w hich is tak n f oul the London Morning Chronicle,
j Martin zde la Rosa is a man of middling talents. «
i His literary fam - stands high indeed among his own
: countrymen, yet foreign critics have found his w orks, 1
i (a collection of which appeared in Paris in 1828, ,
| 1829, and 1830.) cold, spiritless and full of common
place His.dramas are Frigid, his style elegant, but
nerv -bss ; there is hardly one bold or novel thought ■
in all his productions. In ths Cortea he shone as an
eloqu nt orator. He speaks, inde-d, with flu ncy
and correctness, is tolerably skilful in debate, poss?*-
s sth - tal nt of well arranging and distributing the 1
subject muter of his sp -eh, and when warmed, ex- 1
hibits great feeling, which he has the art of making *
his audience partake of. These are no common qua- -
liti s. Vet a shrewd and attentive h-«rer could ea
sily p?rc ive in his rhetorical effusion* the want of j
statesman-like knowledge, and of enlarged pnnei- I
pl-s. IPs character is that of a very amiable and !
wo thy man, y.-t insuff ruhly vain, full of prejudice*,
and consequently of obshnacy. He has a decoded
penchant fur the aristocracy ; not, indeed, that he
wish -s to be thought one of th-m. fur he has the
good sense to feel proud of his plebian birth, but he
has been flattered by the notice taken of him by
high born fools, and still more by their ladies.
•Such is the Prime Minister of Spain. Whrnhe | 1
was placed at the head of the government, he soon i r
gave proofs that he is one of those who have learn d j 1
nothing and forgotten nothing. His fear and dislike j r
of the Ernltndof l-’d him to look upon th an ns more | a
dangerous enemies to the government than the in- i *
xurg-nt Carßsts. 11-is decidedly the man w hom
th- French call horn me de coteries. He called around 8
him the same tn-n who had been his colleague* in i
1822. | F
Martinez de la Rosa call'd near him his form-’r I
colleage M. Moscoso. This gentleman was placed j
at th - head of the Home Departm -us, tha place he | k
also filled in 1822. He is a country gentleman of • *
shallow information, haughty, of repulsive mann-rs : j t
harsh, overbearing, prejudiced, and altogeth-r, ; '
though not on? at th? dhwbrthiest, yet one of th’ J -
racist unamiable characters thst ever formed part of s
a ministry. His hatred of the Constitutionalists, ; (
lat-ly returned from eliD, is one of his l-ading prin- j [I
cipl -s. Not long ago he is known to have said to “
his colleagu’. Count Toreno, “ I will not be satisfied ,
till 1 have done with all ths emigrants.” “Then j
(replied the Count) you must have done with me j J
too, for 1 also have been an emigrant.” , J
M. Garely, now at th? h-ad of the Law Depart- | 1
ment, {Ministro de Justicia ,) is a worthy and well j
informed gentl’man. He belongs to the Jans-nist p
division of the Catholic Church. In his ministerial
capacity h- has shown a more decided bias in favour #
of the liberal cause than any of his colleagues, with | p
the exception of Count Toreno; vet he is likewise;
prejudiced against the EiaHadors. .
General Zazco del Valle is the most unpopular of i
the present ministers. He is not destitute of talents,
but h’ is thought to have no principle at all. Ho is a
pliant man ; supple, clever in business, and has the c
credit of b ing a bitter, though a polite enemy. He «
passes, and deservedly so, for being the tool of the i
Marquis de las Amarillas. ... i
The Minister of the Naval Department is taken no !
notice of. Me is an old man, and no Constitutional- j ,
: a in’re commie, as ten French would say. It-
We must now speak of the t;-w Finance Minister ; ,
th* ablest, undoubtedly, and the most popular of :hr
Ministers: Count Toreno.
Ihn geidemta is w 11 known in England. In
18U8, being soil very young, and bearing th-* title of
iscount Matarosa. he was the Envoy of Ihe Junta
i ** Asturias, and in this capacity was the first Deputy
of th - Spanish Insurgent* nt th ? lira i of the rising of
ih -nation against Napol-on. Then he formed an in
tiniacy with Mr. Canning, which subsisted till the
death of th ? latter. His principle, were not. hoWev
er, thus -of that Tory statesman.
Count Toreno is ammos talvute and »n -rgy. As
a Minister h* Jws not, however, b -en fri d ; but as a
inemb rof th -Cortes of 1810 mid 1820, h has shun?
conspicuously. In th • Cort -s of 1829, he partook of
ih? op nions of Martin * d? b Rosa, and of his un
popularity with the viol mi party, too. perhaps to*
greater extent. His eloquence is more vhittei.l
than liuit ot his colleagues ; his literary attainment*
inf nor, though si-li cunsid-rable ; h.s te.no -r more
viol -nt; his ambition more daring ; his knowledge
of th -oretical and practical politics, and of the stall
ofEurop , far superior. He is allowed to be fitted
tor a sta-esman. While residing in a for ign land,,
though not cond mu d to d- utli or confiscation, hi
was consistent ;n his politics, While Martinez was «.
constant visit -r at th - Spanish embassy. Tor-no wns
the friend ami adviser of General Mina. While ths
former was exclusively engag J in lit ra y pursuits,,
or in the gai ti s of a Paris life, the latter was ever
engaged in looking for means to better th condition l
of his native country. Aft -r Ferdinand’s illn ss, and
th. change of m asures it brought alxiut, Toreno re
entered Spam. ' After th? King’s d ath, h-c »me to
.Mad* id. He was talk’d o, as on -ofih - hst (>ossi*
I>l h ads of a Ministry ; but when Martin z de la
Rosa become th ■ Premier, he was oft red a s> al in
ths Administration, which h d efined accepting.—•
-since that lime h was look d to as th • piobahl ■ l--a- ’
der ol th ■ Opposition in the future Cortes, hi* elec
tion b ing deem -d sur ’. \ela f w days b fore th ?
fiction took plac ■, v.-ry un-xpect dly, h b cam.-the
Finance Minister. Such ail v m astonish-d every
body. He is sitpposeti to b- too proud to form part
oi a ministry to w hich h ■ do >s not giv his name.—
Strange to say, he is considered to be still in opposi
tion, at 1 ust to a majority of the Cabinet. What hi*
views are, it is not easy to guess. Some think it i*
his project to und-rmino th - Administration of which
he is a in mber, and as M. Z a was driven f rom hi*
place by lus coll agu >, >l. Burgos, and M. Burgo* by
his coll agu*, .Martinez d■ Ja Rosa, so th-y suppose
Count Toreno will send his present coil-agu -s, at
Fast four of th.-m, to th.- right about, and assume ths
I ad.
V e thought the above description of th* Spanish
Spanish Ministers Would bs interesting to our read
ers. The trade b tween th United Slat •« and Cub*
being so very impo. lunt, it appeared to us that th; poi.
laical atTux• ->f and lb ■ comm-rcial regtflalion*
which the mother country may establish for h-r co
luu-es, may have great inliu nc- on th- comm rcial
intercourse which now exists b iwetn ih two coun
tri s ; tiie political events in .Spain must, th -rtfore,
b■ of sum ini to the United State*.
We 1-arn by the J’ittsburgAdvocate, that th F-nn
sylvnuia canal 1 1 in fine condit:on,rrood* arriving the-r*
fiom Philadelphia, in 11 to 13 days. The averaira
lime l!i lie- west to Vvh - ling is 3 days. Freight*
to Cincinnati, 62 r-2 cents jier 100 pounds; to Loin*,
villa, 75 cents.
TALLAHASSK Oct. 4. —Union Bank of Florida
—W« la. n that Col. Gunhl 1 li.ts •ifct d a sal -of
one million of dollars ol'rh stock of this Bank. : k is
exp el d to go into operation the latter part of N*v tn
b-ror th first of D c mher. U -sid -s the general
prosperity which a pm t-nl as- of this amount of
capital Will p'oduc -, w- may now calculate with e r
tninty on (lie construction of n railway to Si. Marks ;
fer th? early comnl-tion of which, proper m asures
will be imiusdi.it ly adoptM
BOARD OF HEALTH, {
Savannah. Oct. 8, 1834—12 o'clock, M. j
Tbe Board n! He 1 1tii anuoimcti to their fellow
ciiiz'n* that no case ot Ma igiiaot Choler ha*
cn reported to them as existing wiihiti the li
nt ts.of the Ciiy *tt ce tie i 1..-i re >**rt, nor ha*
any such case come to th* knowledge of the
Board.
f. S. HENRY, Chairman,
S. SnrpTALi.. Sec'y.
SO. CAUOLiiirA iiAiiu IMAI).
Consign?'s p-r Rail Roai, y -sterday—R. L. Mott,.
E. D. Cook !). Featherston J. Iladiord dr Co. T’
K. ( harry &00. G. ,V. dr I). Tnrrt-utine, Murphy <k
G., J. Murphy & Co. and W, Hill A Co.
~
At his r r sid-ncc, in this County, on Saturday Morn
ing last, after a short illn-s*. WiLLIAM M. HOL
COMBE, in thft 23d year of his age.
O O .11 Jl EliCI A L.
LATEST DATE FROM LIVERPOOL : : : ACO. 23.
LATEST DATE FROM HAVRE ; : : : AU*. 15.
.tiigiivla folia t Murkcl, Ocf. LI.
In th ■ b“ginning of th * week th-re was but a mod
eratr- inquiry r or Cotton, and the receipts b»irig light,
there was not much done. Prim- Cotton* aha*
maintained its price; in the lower qualities a redur
tion of 1-4 cent from lust week's pi ices, was submitted
ro. Yesterday, however, th-re wa* a better feeling,
and sal- s of wry good to prime were readily made nt
full prices, say from 13 34a 14 cents. In the lower
qualifies we note no alteration, say for infarior 12 1 X
a 13; fair to good, 13 14a13 I 2 cents.
Freights to Savannah 75 c-nt* ; to Charleston, 91
per bale.
MACON, Oct. !t. — Cuttnn. —There has been but littl*
dune in cotton ihe lew Jay* past, mviiiß •"> doubt to tho
great excitement in the Ktetiunx whicli tin. kept th*
planleis al hoin . We now looil lor good »n;ipbr» agnin
hk the weather is favorahie, aorl our prictf are good, Mr,
12 lo I2j reals. The receipts In this time are shout four
thousand hales, slock 12 to |."00 bales. Freights to Sa
vanna)! #250 per hale. Oood- are plen'.y at la:r rate*
NKWBER.N, Oct. 3.—Beeswax, th It 1 a IP; Butter, 20
s 25; Ch-nlles, 14 n 15; Coifi e,
Cotton Bagging—Flax, id 20 a 25 Hemp, IH) a 30; Flour,
Country, hi I 5 .Vl a 0 1(0 Cora, hrl 2 HU a 3 00; Molasse*,
[bv ihe iiiid : gallon 28 a *0; Salt —Turks Island, hu.hel 50
n 60. Liverpool, fine, f>o a *6; Whiskey, 35 a 40.
31A HI XX? INTELLIGENCE.
SAVANNAH, Oet. 9.—Arr. shipi Mogul, Blake,
New York ; Bell-, Bail \,d0.,6 days; brig N*w
liauov-r, L-vy, Chari -stun, via Philadelphia.
CHARLESTON, Oct. 10.—Arr. ship* Florida,
Moran, New York SO hours ; Herald, Duif, Philadtl*.
phia.
Char-d, *chr. John C. Calhoun, Ross. Havana.
"Went to s -a, brig G -n. Sumter, Bcnn tt, Baltimoret
ichr. Mary Scotchburn, fvinfair, St. John*; *111.5*
[racket Virginia, Rollins, Norfolk.
fßy the Florida, at Charleston.]
PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 3.—Below, ship Glob*.
Mierken, Can'on 160 days.
Cl-ared, schr. Cora, Carson, Pcn«ncola.
MOBILE. Oct. 3. —Cleared, schr. Joseph Hand,
Berry, for Philadelphia.
Arriv-d, brig Tensaw. Averill, from Brx-ton ; schr.
Corine, F.ldorson. from New Orleans.
- ncr ,Cc a A l /).—mTss stow
A-ill resume the Txerciseg ofltcr. School R)
Augusta on the 13th oi October, in tii*
upied lust .season, situate in Jarhsnn »tre*t,he.
ween Ellis and Greet, street®.
September 12 G • 33
ADO. 23.
AUO. 15.