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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
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DOINGS IN WASHINGTON.
Some interesting’ particulars of what is going
on in Washington, are contained in the follow,
ing cxtracs frost the letters of the corrcspon-
Hpntof the Charleston Courier.
A request was presented in the Senate to-day,
from the Secretary of the Treasury, on the sub.
ject of the claims of the United States against
the Bank of the U. S. which, without being
read, was ordered to be referred to the Commit,
tee on Finance, and printed.
The only part of the morning business of the
slightest interest, was a brief description of the
report of the Committee on claims, on the peti.
tion of Joseph Nourse, formerly Register of the
Treasury, for an allowance of compensation for
extraordinary services performed by him while
he held the office of Register. Mr. Crittenden
moved to reverse the decision of the Committee,
which was against the prayer of the petitioner.
Mr. Preston, deemed the situation of the peti
tioner as worthy of public commiseration. On
the verge of life, just dropping into the grave,
superanuated and reduced, he and his wife are
now entirely dependant on a small pension
which he receives for his revolutionary services.
Formerly Mr. Nourse kept a carriage, and wal
ked through life in comfort, competence and re
spectability. The report was laid on the table
for the present. There was some conversation
as to the measure which should be taken up,
when the special order was called. The Trea
«ury Order bill (so called) was called up, ? but the
motion was negatived by a vote of 23 to 16.
The bill to prohibit the sales of public lands,
except to actual settlers was then taken up, and
the pending motion being on Mr. Clay’s motion
to strike out the pre-emption clause of section,
Mr. King, of Ga. mado a very cogent speech
against the bill, altogether, which he designated
as a bill to perpetuate a system of perfidy and
fraud. He estimated the donation# to the new
states in lands to be about 150 millions of dol.
lar*; and contrasted the unprecedented growth
of the new state#, in consequence of the bounty
of tho government, with the melancholy and
premature old age and decay of some of the old
states. He said that if he was sent here to plun
der Georgia, he should vote for this bill, but be
ing here to protect her, be must vote against it.
Mr. King went into a series of arguments to
shew to what cause the increase of the currency
and the accumulation of specie in the country
were attr;bu ! able. Causes which could not oc
cur again. He anticipated the most advantage
ous results to speculators fiom the passage of
the bill. It would cause a rise in the lands in
the hands of speculators, of 300 per cent in the
course of twenty-four hours. Mr. King conti
nued to speak in a strain of sarcasm until 3 o’-
clock, when he concluded with a declaration
that he should vote for striking out the clause,
and for striking out every part and parcel of the
bill, which would only benefit those who could
stretch their consciences to the utmost extent.
Mr. Bayard then rose, and followed Mr. King,
but had not proceeded far when this letter was
closed.
The statements which have been sent abroad,
and which continue to be circulated, pretending
to give accurate accounts of what passes in the
Committee of the House, appointed, on motion
of Mr. Gari.and, to investigate the condition,
&c. of the Executive Departments, are to be re
ceived with caution and suspicion. How they
get abroad, is a mystery. The Clerk of the
Committee was sworn, on taking the office, to
keep the proceedings profoundly secret. False
hood runs so fast, that the laggard steps of truth
can seldom overtake it. The first impression
which is made upon the public mind, whatever
its character, is seldom eradicated by any which
can afterwards be stamped there. The first ac
count published through these anonymous chan
nels, of the treatment of Mr. Whitney, is not
borne out by facts. The universal belief here,
is, that Mr. Whitney was most unjustifiably and
outrageously treated by Mr. Peyton, who took
advantage of the position in which Mr. Whitney
was placed—unable to defend himself—to assail
him in language such as is seldom used, even in
our street brawls, and such as never should be
tolerated in a judicial assembly. The Commit
tee, silting in a judicial character, ought to pre
serve decorum, and evince a proper regard to its
own dignity. It ought to protect the individual
under examination, and it ought to punish those
who lay before the public garbled statements of
its secret proceedings. Failing to do this, it fails
to do its duty. Such conduct as that exhibited
by Mr. Peyton towards Mr. Whitney, would
discredit any cause, however good, in which the
judge is the aggressor, and serve any cause, how
ever bad, in which the criminal is the aggrieved.
Mr. Whitney has gained more by the Improper
treatment he has received from a member of the
Committee, than he is likely to lose by any dis
closures which are likely to be made concerning
his connexion wish the Treasury Department.
[From the Globe.]
SKETCH OF THE LATE OCCURRENCES
IN CUBA.
As any information relative to the internal
condition of the Island of Cuba cannot but be
interesting to our commercial men, we pre
text the following very concise sketch of the
late political occurrences in that island :
It may be premised that the territory ofCuba
is divided by a line drawn across its breadth
from North to South, into two provinces of
nearly equal extent, each of which is under the
immediate superintendence of a governor. The
Governor of the western portion or Province of
Havana, is, however, the Captain General of the
whole island ; to whom the Chief of the other
portion (the Province of Cuba or of Santiago)
is subordinate. At ti e commencement of the
late distu banecs, General Miguel Tacon, a
younger brother of tiie late Envoy Extraordina
ry of Spain in the United States, was the Cap
lain General of the island, residing at Havana ;
and General Manuel Lorenzo the Governor of
the Province ofCuba, residing at Santiago.
The Constitution of 1813 was, in August last,
publicly declared by the Queen Regent of Spain
to be in force until a Cortes, elected and acting
according to the provisions of that Constitution,
should determine with regard to its definitive
adoption, or devise some other plan for regulat
ing the government of the country. A few days
afterwards a decree was issued by the Queen,
confiningthe effects ofthis public declaration to
the European dominions. Immediate ly on re
ceiving the Queen’s declaration, General Loren
zo, (who appears to have been previously re
marked for his attachment to the Constitutional
cause,) without awaiting the directions of his
superior, proceeded on the 29th of September to
proclaim the Constitution of ISI2 in his province,
to order elections, and to pursue all the other
njeasures conformable with the new order of
t mgs. W bile he was going on. General Ta
con r f ceiv ed the Queen’s order that the statu
quo should continue in the territories under his
th* r J Jrn °p * 4320 7 communicated to
«. or of Santiago, requiring him at the
iorenao refused to do: ani Tacon. with his usu-
al energy, immediately prepared to compel him
to submission. For this purpose be cut off ell
communication between the two provinces,
blockaded the ports of Santiago, and assembled
a large force, which was directed by sea and by
land against the rebellious district. He also, as
he was authorized, deposed Lorenzo, and sent, a
commission to a Colonel Moya to act in li.s
stead as Governor, and foreseeing that the prr.
sentation of this commission might lead to ti e
imprisonment or banishment of Moya, he sent
another to be used in that contingency, as cir.
cumstances might direct, to Don Santiago For.
tun, the commander of the artillery at Santiago.
These measures have been attended with com
plete success, Moya was indeed ordered by
Lorenzo to quit the province immediately after
he had presented his commission, and was oblig
ed to obey; but as soon as the news of the de
parture from Havana of the expedition sent by
Tacon, reached Santiago, the officers of the re
giment of Leon, which formed the principal part
of the garrison of the place, determined net to
resist, and on the 10th of December, their Co
lonel, Becerra, delivered to Lorenzo a declare,
tion to tiiat effect, signed by the whole corps of
officers, commissioned and' non-commissioned.
Hitherto the Governor had believed that !e
would be supported by the soldie s an i people
of his province : he began to see that he was mis
taken, and in a few clays found that he must
yield. On the 21st he received information of
the overthrow of his authority by the gar.fem
and inhabitants at Bayamo, a large town about
70 miles from Santiago, on the highroad to Ha
vana ; and wdien, immediately after, Fortun
presented his commission as Governor, he ap
pea red disposed to treat. His partisans, however,
determined to defend him, and there was every
appearance of an approaching conflict, when
quiet was re- '■stablished through the mediation of
Capt. Jones, of the British sloop-of-war Vestal,
who had been requested, it seems, by Tacon, to
interfere if an opportunity should present itself,
and to offer certain guaranties to the Governor
and his followers. Lorenzo embarked on the
night ofthe 22d, with some other persons, on
board the Festal, and thence departed for Cadiz
in a merchant vessel, agreeably to an order
which he had received from Spain. Thus have
things been restored to their former state, with,
out bloodshed ; and the Captain General, with a
view to prevent any further embarrassments to
the commerce of the island, has raised the
blockade.
lisT ’
THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 9, RW7.
DCrOur Letter Sheet Price Current will be ready
for delivery, This Morning , at 9 o’clock.
CREEK HOSTILITIES AGAIN.
The latest information from the Creek nation,
confirms the report, published in our paper of yes
terday, of depredations, murders, and burnings,
having been recently committed by the Indians.—
We are not apprised of the measures adopted by the
Governor of Alabama, for the suppression of the
disturbances, and the punishment of the Indians;
but itisto be expected that ere this, an efficient
force will have been collected near the territory oc
cupied by the Creeks, in order to march upon them,
and place them under such subjection, as to prevent
them hereafter, before they emigrate, from disturb
ing the peace of that section of the country.
Applications have been made to the Governor of
our state for a force sufficient to repel any aggres
sion by the Creeks on our own territory, and to in
sure the lives and property of tr own citizens.—
The Governor, who is at present in this city, has al
ready taken the proper measures demanded by the
existing emergency, and within the reach of his
command; and he would immediately repair to the
scene of action, and superintend himself, the dispo
sition of the troops called for the defence of our cit
izens, and territory; but, unfortunately, he is at pres
ent so indisposed by a disease produced by an in
flammation of the eyes,that he finds himself unable
to travel, however ardent may his desire be to fly
to the assistance of our frontier. All who know
Governor Schley,will render him justice in believ
ing,that no one more than himself laments his pre s
ent physical disability to discharge an important duty
to Ins fellow citizens, residing near the Creek na
tion; and we have not a single doubt, that, as soon
as he will be enabled to travel without in;mine nt dan
ger, he will proceed to the West from Augusta,
ARRIVAL OF GEN. CLINCH.
This distinguished and beloved officer arrived
here this morning by the Rail Road, from Charles
ton, and was received with ail the marks of re
spect due to one who enjoys so large a share of
the confidence and affections of the people of
this city, and vve may add, of this State, The
two Volunteer Companies, the Richmond Blues,
. and Augusta Guards, paraded early this morning,
and marched over to Hamburg, where they re
ceived the General, and escorted him to his lodg
ings at the Planter’s Hotel. A large number
of gentlemen on horseback also joined in the
escort, among whom was the Mayor of the city,
and the Committee appointed at the meeting last
evening to tender him a public dinner. Anum
ber of guns were fired on both sides of the river
in addition to the salutes of the Volunteer Com
panics. The respect paid to Gen. Clinch would
be shown but to few men living, for he seems to
be a favorite with everybody, and the volunteers
who went from this city to Florida all look upon
him almost as a father.
The Committee have waited on the General,
and tendered him a public Dinner, in compliance
with the resolutions ofthe meeting last evening,
which he has accepted, and named Friday eve
■ ning as the time.— Sentinel of yesterday.
GEORGIA RAILROAD AND BANKING COM
PANY*.
It will be seen by the following proceedings of a
meeting of the stockholders of this company at Ath
ens, that the amendments of the charter, made at
the last session ofthe legislature,have been accept
ed.
Ojfice Georgia Rail Road <$- Banking Company. )
Athens, Jan 23, 1837. }
The stockholders of the Georgia Rail Road and
Banking Company convened in general meeting
this day, at the principal office at Athens,in conform
ity with a special call of the Directors which was
duly advertised.
The President appointed Messrs. A. Hull, Wm.
V illiams, and W. K. Cunningham a committee to
examine and report on the number and regularity
of the proxies.
The committee withdrew, and after examination
reported the following statement of shares present,
by their holders and by proxy, viz : * * * *
Being 2597 shares held by persons present and
4613 proxies in due form total of shares repre
sented 7240, and a large number of informal proxies
not counted.
A majority of the shares being represented, the
President appointed James Camak and Oliver H.
Prince secretaries.
The business for which the meeting was called,
being then taken up, the following resolution was
offered, and after discussion was unanimously
adopted.
Resolved, That the act of the General Assembly
ofthis state approved the 26th December, 1335, en
titled “ an ar t to amend the acts incorporating the
: Georgia Kail Road and Banking Company and the
Central Rail Road and Banking Company of Geor
gia,” be and the same is by the stockholders of the
Georgia Rail Road and Banking Company* accept
ed as amendments ofthcacts incorporating this com
pany, to far as it is applicable to the same.
The minutes haring been rend, the convention
then adjourned, to the regular annual meeting in
-Ray next. W3L BEARING. President,
(Attest)
James Camak, ) c , . ,
O. 11. Prince, j
Offi.ce Georgia Rail Road <J- Banting Company, ?
Athens, February 6th, 1837, y
The above is a true extract from the minute* of the
stockholders of the Georgia Rail Road and Banking
Company. JAS. CAMAK, Cashier.
CHARLESTON AND NEW YORK STEAM
PACKET.
We copy from the Charleston Courier, the follow
ing information, respecting the contemplated line of
Steam Packets between New York and Charles
ton.
t “W e regret to learn, that the proprietors of the
New 1 ork and Charleston Steam Packet Company,
have declined adding to the present concern, the
three new Packets, as per prospectus, published by
Capt. Pennoyer, a short time since, in consequence
of their not obtaining an act of incorporation, at the
last session of the South Carolina Legislature.
“At the same time, it gives us pleasure to state,
that Capt. Pennoyer will, this day, open a subscrip
ton, for a single independent boat—and as far as we
can learn, there is every prospect that this list will
be filled to the full extent this day. His prospectus
will be found in another column.
“We reiterate our goad wishes for his success
in this enterprize, not only because we believe it
will result in much benefit, to himself, and advantage
to the public, but from a strong desire that our city
should be immediately interested in boats, employ
ed in conveying passengers between this and the
Northern cities, that they may have an influence in
regulating their conduct, and participate in the large
profits they yield.
INSURANCE BANK OF COLUMBUSJ
Having published the correspondence of Mr.
Hines, in relation to the charge alleged against
him, of having offered to sell to the Bank of the
United Slates the stock of the Bank of Milledgc
ville, we feel bound to publish the two following
cards, which appear in the Milledgcville Recor
dor of last Friday.
A Card. —Having read a correspondence this
morning in t' e Georgia Journal, between R. K.
Hines, myself an J others, relative to the proffered
sale of the Bank of Milledgcville to the Bank
of the United States, wherein I refer Mr. Hines
to Col. Hunter, of Savannah, as my authority
for the remarks which I made upon the subject,
I was much surprised to find from Col. Hunter’s
letter to Mr. Hines, that he denies ever having
made such a statement. In order, however, to
prove conclusively the t ruth of my statement, I
give the following extract of a letter from Doc
tor Robert Collins, of Macon, who was present
at the time Col. Hunter made use of the expres
sion 5 I attributed to him I shall state distinctly
ihat I understood Col. Hunter to say that the
stock or charter of the Bank of Millcdgeville,
and Fanner’s Bank of Chattahoockee had both
been offered for sale to the Bank of the United
States.” In conclusion,! have to state, that Col.
Hunter in denying what I stated to Mr. Hines,
has either forgotten himself or knowingly denied
what he stated to Dr. Collins and myself.
B. HEPBURN.
Columbus, February 2, 1837.
Columbus, 4th February, 1837.
To the Editors of the Recorder. —The publi
cation of R. K. Hines, Esq., in the papers of
Milledgcville, having extracted A Card from
Col. B. Hepburn, in which, by his own dcclara
tion, and the extract from Dr. Robert Collins let
ter to him, he rc-asscrts the charge, that I had
stated the offer had been made by Mr. Hines to
sell the stock of the Bank of Milledgcville ; in
reply, I submit the following statement; Dr.
Collins and Mr. Hepburn were two of the parties
who arranged, whilst at the North last summer,
a sale of the stock of the Insurance Bank of Co
lumbus. I was merely acting as the Agent to
carry that sale into effect, and whilst at Macon,
endeavoring to do so, and believing that terms
wore attempted to be enforced, not contcmplat ;d
in the original understanding, I broke off the ne
gotiations, with the declaration that I would pro
ceed to M llodgeville, and try to purchase the
stock of the Bank of Milledgcville—adding that
I was personally acquainted with Mr, Hines,
and had given him a letter of introduction to Mr.
Biddle. Nothing more transpired upon the sub
ject of the sale for some time. Instead of go
ing to Milledgcville, I w ent to Columbus, where
the negotiation was renewed for the stock of the
Insurance Bank, and closed after my return to
Macon.—How far Col. Hepburn or Dr. Collins
were authorized, from the foregoing statement,
to draw the inference that an offer had been
made by Mr. Hines, or any one else, to dispose
of the stock of the Bank of Milledgcville, con
c.rns only themselves. I again repeat, the
above, or words to that effect, was all that co"ld
have been tortured into the charge, so far as Mr.
Hines is concerned, as emanating from me;and
in attributing more, I have been most grossly
misunderstood or wilfully misrepresented. Those
who know us will decide the matter of veracitv.
J. HUNTER.'
* O’ We copy from the Boston Courier, the
following letter, said to be from a young gentle
man engaged in surveying the route for a rail
road from Brunswick, Georgia, to Floridr,
Thomasville, Geo., Dec. 18, 1836.
We have run our line nearly twenty miles west
of this place, and expect shortly to be on the
Chattahoochee, if the country is favorable. Ev
ery thing goes on prosperously—we heard from
Brunswick yesterday—there are four hundred
men at work there—the Canal from the Turtle
river to the Altamaha is begun—a wharf is buil
ding, and a large hotel. There have been eight
ships there since our departure, a thing not seen
before for fifty years. A town will soon grow
up, in what is now a mere collection of worn
out cotton fields.
Nothing is wanted here but men of enterprise,
who are neither afraid nor ashamed to work.
There is so much unoccupied land here, that peo
ple wont take the trouble to renew their lands.
They siy that they are not obliged to manure
their land, bccanse, when the land on one plan
tation is exhausted, they can strike off into the
forest and get more, that will maintain them for
some years, with little labor. Thus the land be
comes cultivated, bears crops for a time, becomes
exhausted, and is left to be again overgrown
with trees.
Mechanics are very much wanted here; a good
shoemaker, or saddle and harness maker, would
realize a fortune, here in Thomasville, in a few
years. The people here patch their own shoes,
and send to the north for every thing else. If I
were about to emigrate, I would come here rath
er than goto the west. I should prefer being in
the Atlantic states, to being in the best place the
western states could offer-
Thomasville will be, I should think, a very fa
vorable spot for speculations of any kind, provi
ded that this railroad goes into operation. It is
well situated, and in one of the most healthy
counties of Georgia. At this season of the year,
t e whole of this country is perfectly healthy.
I think we have given the climate a fair test.—
We have been exposed to the weather the whole
time. In rainy weather we are seldom or never
dry—we cannot even keep dry feet. We have
slept in the open air, without even the protec
tion of a cloak, or overcoat of any kind, with the
tbernonu-ter at 32 deg. at daybreak; and yet.
! with all this, there has not been a single case of j
sickness, or even of a bad cold in the whole par- |
ty. Our manner of life, to be sure, fortifies as
against the effects of sodden changes: we take
so much exercise, and could enjoy so litt e com
fort if we were sick, that no one feels the least
, inclination to be put on the sick list. A more
liar Jy and robust set of young men I haver never
■ before seen together. For the first week, I
thought I could never stand it. Every night, on
reaching the camp, 1 was so much overcome
with fatigue, that the moment 1 threw myself
upon the grass before the fire, I would be in a
sound sleep. But after a few days this all wore
off, and I have become so much accustomed to it,
that the idea of walking two hundred miles to
Brunswick, would not startle me. This is a
great change from my past life, but I am a be
liever in fatalism, you know, and the change is
the best tlrinx that c onld have happened to me.
The morel tee of this part of the countiy,
the closer I shall clirg to New England. Hike
the people here—a sit anger is sure to meet with
every civility; they arc hospitable and kind-hear
ted, but they live in the most shiftless, reckless
manner imaginable.
This morning, just after sunrise, We were sur
prised to sec a handsome carriage and two carts
appraching our encampment. The carriage stop
ped, and a lady got out and requested permis
sion to warm herself and family by our camp
fire. We invited them to seat themselves and
breakfast with us, hut as they had their own
cooking apparatus, and four servants, they pre
pared their own coffee, &c., and we all sat down
together. This is the usual style of travelling
here, viz:—A carriage for the ladits, a cart for
the servants and luggage, and a light wagon
or horse for the genllen.cn. The family who
visited us this morning, reside near Florida, and
were hastening home for the Christmas holidays.
I shall start to-morrow morning, at daybreak,
and must get some sleep. Nothing new here.
No Indians near here. Yours. C.
EXTRAORDINARY CAVERN IN GEOR
GIA.
We copy from the Cassvillc Pioneer of the
20th of January, the following description of an
extraordinary work of nature, to be found in
Walker County, in this stale.
For the Georgia Pioneer.
Messrs. Editors. —While many persons are
contributing from their stores of intellect, much
useful and interesting matter to enrich the col
umns of your valuable paper, you may, if you
think proper, give publicity to the incoherent
ideas of a W anderer.
Upon the representation of the citizens of La-
Fayette, a small but growing village in the
county of Walker, Ga. my attention ivas drawn
to a Subterranean Cavern, some five or six miles
from the above named village ;and being rather
an admirer of the works of nature, e uriosity
prompted me, accompanied by some five or six
others, to visit it.
The company being met, with lighted torches
we entered the Cane, through a small aperture,
descending a flight of natural stairs almost per
pendicularly, some ten or twelve feet. —The
company having all got down safe I could not
avoid, in an ccstacy of admiration and wonder,
exclaiming, “O Lord God Almighty, how won
derful arc all thy works for we were then
shown the grandest and most magnificent room
that I have ever beheld, formed on each side
with the utmost regularity, and ceiled over head
witli a perfectly smooth surface ! and being de
sirous of viewing, as minutely as we could, from
the ampl tnde of this anomaly ofnaturc, its va
rious curiosities, we raised a considerable light,
and illuminated the room as far as we could by
the means we had, when we discovered that an
almost infinite number of stalactites, had been
formed by the almost continual dripping of the
water, resembling in size and appearance vari
ous animal bodies.
Be ng somewhat satisfied with our examina
tion of this apartment, with our hearts glowing
with wander, love and praise to the Architect of
Nature, wo moved slowly and rather pensively,
along in this solitary and hither;o unexplored
mansion, through devious wiles of “incognita
loca,” in quest of new discoveries.
Having reached the extreme end of this spa
cious dome, we found, to proceed farther, we had
to ascend stupsndoi s, and almost inaccessible
heights, over craggy precipices an 1 yawning
gulphs, to the height of some 59 or 69 feet, when,
by the dim light of our tapers, wo discovered
through a small opening, another room less spa
cious, but far more beautiful and picturesque ;
for there appeared to the astonished beholder, not
only the representation of a part of the animal
creation, but a true delineation of a great num
ber of inanimate objcc's, such as cones, altars,
pyramids, tables, candlcstands, with a sac si
mile ofsune of nature’s choicest productions; and
it really appeared as if she, in her wild and play
ful moments, had intended to mock the curiosi
ties of art. Whilst gazing in dumb astonishment
upon this delightful sect e - y, I was roused from
my agreeable reverie, by a hollow and reverber
ating sound, produced by one of the company,
who being of a hold and adventurous spirit, had
gone unobserved, into a remote part of the room,
and beat with a stick, or something else which
he held in his hand, several tabular spars, which
echoed through this solitary mansion with almost
deafening reverberations, which, by the associa
tion of ideas, reminded me in some degree of
the masticating clangor of the supper bell. We
retired from our subterranean abode, determined
at some future period to explore more fully this
prodigy of nature.
It is the opinion of the author of these few de
sultory remarks, that every visit to the place,
briefly but feebly described, (for description
fails in the grandeur and sublimity of the sub
ject) is calculated to make a wiser and a better
man.
I shall conclude with the words of the Queen
of Sheba, after her visit to the Temple of Solo
mon, who said, —“that the half has never been
told.” A WANDERER.
[COMMUNICATED.]
Messrs. Editors. —ln looking over your paper
of the 7th inst., I discover that your correspon
dent “Free Trade,” appears to be much engaged,
to establish the truth of what is usually called the
“Forty Bale Theory.” It is not‘my purpose on the
present occasion to controvert, particularly, the po
sition taken by him, but merely to take up one idea
which he appears to have dropped at Athens, and
see how it will agree with the further extension of
his principle.
I understand “Free Trade” to say, that if the
Rail Road should charge the Planter nothing for
earning his 100 bales of Cotton from Athens to
Augusta, but should charge him 40 per cent, freight
on the 100 barrels of Sugar, for which he may ex
change it, that then foe planter has paid forty bales
out of the 100 which he brought to Augusta. This
is certainly true; but let us carry the supposition a
little farther, (and we may certainly do so with
much plausibility.) We will then suppose that there
is no planter in Georgia, who makes only 100 bales
of Cotton, who would be willing to make use of the
value of his crop in sugar. It would be out of the
question that such a planter could sustain himself
and family, and I doubt whether “Free Trade,”with
all his investigations, has found such an individual
But admit that a planter was found, who sold 100
bales of Cotton in Augusta, and purchased 100 bar
rels of sugar with the proceeds, and gave forty of
them for freight to Athens: he then has sixty of them
left, five of which would certainly be an abundant
yearly supply for one planter, making only 100
bales, and consequently 55 barrels would be for
sale, Thi* sugar cost iu Augusta, 10 ct»., ami forty
per cent, freight, making 4 cents per lb. The su
gar then costs him, landed in Athens 14 cents,he has
55 bbls. for sale r and distributes them among his
neighbours at 14 cts. which is the cost. The Black
smith gets one, the Carpenter one, the Shoemaker
one, and so on until the 53 are distributed. Now let
me ask “Free Trade,” whether the planter has
paid the whole forty per cent, or whether he
has not. received eleven twelfths of it back? —
Suppose this view of the subject so be correct,
and that this planter has paid the 40 per cent
on the 5 barrels only which he consumes; then we
find that instead of 45 per cent, on In's Cotton, he has
paid only 34 per cent., a vast difference indeed. —
Now if this view be correct, who p«ys the duty?—
The consumer,unqwestionably; and, therefore, ev
ery individual who cons tunes mi article of foreign
produce, which is thus heavily taxed, has a right
to complain, it matters not whether lie is a planter,
a merchant, a mechanic, a lawyer, or a clergyman,
rs he wears a suit of English cloth, or is the consu
mer of any other article of foreign merchandize, he
is the individual on whom the burden foils most
heavily. The writer has exported and imported,
and paid Jut}' enough to bate mined him, had it not
been that|the consumers of thsee articles,thus impor
ted, were good enough to purchase them,an J refund
so him not only the original cost, but the duty, with
a fair profit on his investment. Now it appears to
the writer of this article, perfectly clear, that the
| consumer pays the duty, and that the exporter pays
| no duly except what so levied at the Custom House,
1 in foreign countries, when such exports are landed, j
I I suppose that “Free Trade,” wifi readily acknovtl
| edge that if he exports nothing at all himself, and ,
wishes to purchase a carpet for his drawing room, !
which price of carpeting has paid 40 per cent, duty
to the government, he pays 40 per cent, more for
it than ho would have paid had it. been admitted du
ty free. Therefore, he is the consumer, and not
the producer, or exporter, and has, as consumer,
contributed to the support of the government. Now,
if we can ascertain to what extent the South, or '
North, or East, or West, are consumers, we may
ascertain to what extent each is oppressed, by the
present Tariff law. One thing, however, should
be kept in view. The North and East are benefit- ;
ted by the Tariff, in as much as they are producers
of articles which are protected, and. therefore, the
present system of taxation is unequal; as consumers, i
they are equally taxed with the South, but, as pro- 1
ducers, they are greatly protected, so that, taken as
a community, they are much benefitted, while the
Southern people are much injured. That the Ta
riff laws of the United States are unjust, there can
be no question; but while we attempt to benefit
them,let us take ground,which will recommend it- elf
to thecommon sense of every individual.
I have protracted this communication considera
bly beyond the limit designed, when I commenced
it, and must conclude by hoping that “Free Trade”
will wield his able pen in future, in away better
calculated to convince the American people, of the
injust ice of the protective policy.
FREE TRADE, JUNR.
fts"The public are respectfully informed thatsub
cription papers for the public dinner to be given on
FRIDAY next, in honor of Gen. CLINCH, are loft
for signatures at the Eagle and Phoenix, the Globe,
and the Planter’s Hotels.
South Carolina Kail Road.
== — 1 ■■ i
{tCr" Consignees per Rail Road, February 3.—E B ;
Beall, Stovall, Simmons Co. J F Benson, G Par
rott, J V Cowling, M R Smith, F Lamback, II W
Sullivan, J Leverich, Young <$- Greene, F & H Clark,
II Hutchinson, F H Cook, B Baird, Collier &; Hill,
AR <5 C E Lattimer, S Kneeland fy Co.W C Way, ;
T Dawson, E Bustin, Haviland, Risley & Co. L A
Dugas, A Gumming, T Richards, and S Thompson.
C O M ?>I EKCIA L .
LATEST DATES FROM LIVER FOOL, :::;;::::DEC. 23.
LATEST DATES FROM HAVRE,:::::;::;:::;:::DEC. 19.
Augusta and Hamburg Market, Feb. 9. i
COTTON.—Since our last, the weather has been
unfavorable to out-door business, and the transac
tions in this market have been very limited, the 1
sales, as far as they' have come to our knowledge,
from warehouses, amounting to only about two
hundred and fifty-eight bales, which were disposed
of as follows, viz :14 bales at 131, 10 at 14,12 at 144,
15 at 15,7 at 151, 6at 154, 36at 151, 75 at 16, 71 at |
164, and 9 at 164 cents. The inquiry during the !
week has been limited and confined principally to
prime Cottons, which are scarce and difficult to find
on sale. Both buyers and sellers are out of the
market at present, and until a belter foeling is exhi
bited by both parties, we shall have but a limited
business to report. Our receipts continue light,
owing, no doubt, to the bad state of the roads, which
are represented to us as almost impassable, and the I
greater portion of that received is going into store,
planters showing no disposition to sell at present :
prices. We quote 134 a 164 cents—nominal.
GROCERIES. —We have very little alteration
to notice in our Grocery Market, and prices remain
much the same as last noticed. Our market is well
supplied with all descriptions, and the only thing |
wanted by our merchants, to make trade good, is
customers —who are scarce and much wanted, and
will find good bargains if any early appearance is
made. The sales, as far as we have learned, were
about 100 hhds. Cuba Molasses, on the wharf and in
store, at 40, 42, an! 43 cents per gallon, and New
Orleans, good quality, in bbls. at 45 cents. Whig
key in hhds at 53—small lots—and about 300 bbls.
Irish Potatoes at 83,50 per bbl. Flour commands the
same old rates, viz : $134 a 14—very little enquiry
—and the same may be said of Bagging.
FREIGHTS. —No change to notice since our last,
and boats continue to go away half loaded. To Sa- I
vannah 81 per bale for cotton ; to Charleston by
boats and Railroad 4 cent per lb. River in good
boating condition.
Augusta Bank Note and Exchange Table,
Bank of Augusta, par.
Mechanics Bank of Augusta do.
Insurance Bank do. do.
State Bank do.
Georgia R. R. and Banking Co. do.
Bank of Columbus, do.
Insurance Bank of Columbus, do.
Branches of State Bank, _ do.
Commercial Bank of Macon, do.
Hawldnsville Bank do.
Darien Bank and Branches, do.
Savannah Dank Notes, do.
Bank of Milledgevilie, do.
Farmers Bank of Chattahoochee, do.
Merchants and Planters Bank, do.
Bank of Charleston, do.
Bank State South Carolina, do.
State Bank, do.
South Carolina Bank, do.
Union Bank, do.
Planters and Mechanics Bank, do.
Commercial Bank, Columbia, do.
Bank of Cheraw, do.
Bank of Hamburg, do.
Georgia Gold, 93 a 9Gc. a <hrt. in demand.
Carroll co. do. 9<sc. do. and 98 do.
N.Carolina, do. 85 do. none.
Exchange Table.
CHECKS. On New York 30 days. CO days,
sight.
Bank of Augusta, 14 0 00
Mechanics’ Bank, 00 14 00
Insurance Bank, 00 1 par.
State Bank, 14 0 00
Georgia R. R. &. B. Co. 00 I par.
Darien Branch, 14 1 par.
Georgia Ins. AT. Co. 00 4 par.
Out Doors (Broker’s) 00 4 par.
Exchange on N.York, taken at the Banks at int. off.
Checks on the West, sight, 14 per cent premium.
30 days 1 do.
Checks end Exchange on Savannah and Charles-,
ton, bear the same price in this city, via : sight
Checks, par; 60 days Bills, interest off. ~
17. S. Bank Notes, 1 a 2 p. c. pm. scarce and in demand
Alabama Notes 1A a2 percent, discount.
New Orleans, 1A a 2.
Mississippi, 1A a 2.
STOCKS paid nr worth.
Bank of Augusta, s!'X> $l3O
- Bank, JflO 200
Insurance Bank, SO 122 V
State Bank, 100 128'
Ice Company, 50 60
Geo. Ins. & Trust Co. 100 HO JB3
Geo. R. H.t Banking Co. 65 75
Bank-of Hamburg, 2S 40
MOBILE, I eb. 4.— -Cotton. —Received this week
9971 hales, —of which 265 from Florida :—and ex
ported in the same time, to Liverpool 7230; Havre
2597; New York 413; Baltimore IK), —-together
10.33.5 bales, leaving a stock on hand, and an ship
board uncleared,-of 49,379 bales.
The transactions in this market, since the date of
oerr last review, Rive been fair, anti chiefly confin
ed to those purchasing for the French market and
the Eastern iiumufuctnrcrs. The sales of the week
will probably exceed 5000 bales, at an advance in
good fair, and upwards, of full 4c.; whilst in grades
below good fair, 4c. decline, and ever* 4c. in some
instances, htnrheen experienced. The improve
ment in fine, taking place as it does in ilte foce of
rather discouraging accounts from abroad, so attriil
bu:ed by the brokers to the same cause, which, for
some time, has tended to sustain the quality, name
ly—the threat scarcity and steady demand, together
with the large number of vessels now being freight
ed. Advices tiaVe been received since our last
f/tru Liverpool to the 21th Dec. inclusive, and will
bo found on the other side ; the extremes for Mo
ll Ij were 74 a 114 d. Havre dates to I9th Dec are*
also received, which will be seen represent that
market as flat, without, however, any occline; Mo
biles are quoted 131, 50 a 137, s(>fr.
| We subjoin onr table of quotations, carefully cor
rected, and adapted to the state of the market at
, the dose of the week, from actual transactions
| since onr last.
Liverpool Classification. —Ordinary, 124 a 121;
Middling, 14; Fair, 15 ; Good fair, 164 a 164 ; Good
and fine, 17} a 17 fc.
Freights —An active demand has been manifest
ed in freights throughout the week, and but few
vessels that were offered, remain unengaged. To
Liverpool id, and lie- to Havre, are terms on
which some engagements have been made, and
these rates arc easily obtained—some holders, how
ever, are fiim at Id a 2c
M A I LIG ENCI?
SAVANNAH, Feb. 7.—Arr. Br. barque Pearl,
Fletcher, Liverpool; Br. brig Susan, Powers, King
ston, Jam.; 1-srigs Georgia, Nichols, NYork; Orson,
Chtue, St. Croix.
( I’d, hrig Elizabeth, Sh eper, Providence, RI.
CHARLES'! ON, Feb. 7.—Arr. ships Anson, Sin
clair, NYork; H. Allen, Wilson, do.; Br. barque
Acadian, Auld, Greenock; brigs Salem, Harvey,
Cayenne,(Maine): Gen. Pinckney, Ford, Baltimore;
schr. Dresden, Lindsey, New Orleans; Hantverian
galliot Juno, Fohrmann, NYork.
Went to sea, ship Superb, Fish, Liverpool; Br,
brig Gen. Ct ffin, Andrews, Br. Wlndies; brig At
lantic, Godfrey, Baltimore.
Below, Br. brig Rosebank, from Belfast, (Te’and);
brig Agenoria, from Matanzas, ri distress, bound ic
Boston, with stern post started.
In the offing, ship Medora, Budd, Liverpool, sail
ed 12th Dec.
MOBILE, Feb. 4.—Arr. schrs. Protection, Pres-
C >tt, Philadelphia, via Tampa Bay; Lady Washing
ton, Parker, Thomaston.
Cl’d, sh [> John N. Gosler, Davis, Liverpool.
A Compositor that understands Book work,
will find employment at this office, if early appli
cation is made. Feb 3
NOTICE. —A meeting of the Total Absti
, nence"Society, of Richmond county, will take place
| at the Presbyterian Lecture Room on FRIDAY
i EVENING, the 10th inst. at 7 o’clock.
( Feb 8 136 J. G. DUNLAP, Sec’y.
The city papers will copy the above.
$5“ REMOVAL^-mh LINARY and DRESS
I MAKING. Mrs. A. O. BROWN has removed to
I the office lately occupied by .las. Harrison, Esq. on
Jackson street, two doors below her former resi
dence, where she will be happy to receive the or
| ders of her patrons. 6 Jan. 24
SOfEBENEZER SKINNER, since the disas
trous fire, has taken a Store on the south side of
Broad street, opposite the Planters’ Hotel, near his
I former stand. No. 330, where he will keep constant
• ly on hand a good assortment of GROCERIES, and
fcels thankful for the patronage heretofore extended
j to him, and hopes to merit its continuance.
Jan 10 113
NOTICE. 'I he sale of the personal proper
| ty of the estate of H. 31. Watkins, heretofore ad
vertised in this paper, to take place on the 7th Jan
nary, will he postponed until ihe 4th March next ,
at which time the Negroes belonging to said estate,
will he sold by consent of the Legatees. Terms on
day of sale. JNO. WATKINS, Adm’r.
Dec 29 97
WILLIA3I C. MICOU, (late Post Master at
Augusta, Georgia,) Attorney at Lair, and Commis
| sionerof the State of Georgia for Louisiana, Office
i No. 14 Exchange Place, New Orleans,
j Dec. 17 sG 9.5
NOTICE. —The Public are invited to call at
the Auction House of Sandiford & Collins, and
examine the rare assortmentof .Marble and Alabas
ter Ornaments, direct from Italy, and made ex
pressly for this market. 122 J an 20
Dr. BENJ. AYER, having taken the situation
in Louisville, Jefferson county, Ga., left vacant by
, the recent removal of Dr. N. B. Cloud, to Augusta,
considers himself permanently settled for life, and
respectfully tenders his services to the inhabitants
jof Louisville and vicinity. Having devoted nearly
fourteen years exclusively to the study and practice
of Medicine, he confidently hopes to give very
general satisfaction to all who may favor him with
their patronage. He may be found at all hours,
when not absent on professional business, eit her at
the Hotel kept by 3lrs. Shellman, or at his shop in
the Village. w 3 Dec 24—97
Geo. K. R. & Ranking Co. )
Branch at Augusta. (
A TELLER will be elected for this office on
Saturday, the 11th inst., to fill the vacancy
occasioned by the resignation of Dr. Larnkm. For
am t of salary, bond, and all other particulars, apply
to the President, or to
J. W. WILDE, Cashier.
Feb. 7 135
WAR RENTON ACADEMY.
THE Trustees of Warrcnton Academy, deter
mined to raise their Institution to a standing
that shall warrant a course of Education, liberal and
extensive, have placed at its head Mr. A. BAKER,
of South Carolina, who, for acquirements and expe
rience, ranks among the first Classical Teachers in
the country. Although they believe Mr. Baker is
well known to the community, they think it may
not he improper to state, that he is recommended in
the highest terms by the Hon. John C. Calhoun,
Patrick Noble, Francis W. Pickens, the old Faculty
of the South Carolina College, and formerly, by
Fisher Ames and Dr. David Ramsay.
The course of Education wall be fundamentally
and rigidly correct, and liberally and extensively
produced.
The government of the School will be energetic,
but administered with caution and kindness, and
should any student become so remiss or in any way
j so incorrect, as not to be reformed by an appeal to
I his good sense and honorable feelings, he will be
dismissed, if he shall have attained to the age of 14
! years, other but parental means will be used, in
similar cases, where the subject shall be under this
age. The Trustees deem it unnecessary to men
tion the different branches to be taught, but they
assure the community, that a course will be pursued
which will prepare, in a much shorter period than
usual, students for the Counting-House, for College,
nr for the study of a profession. Females will also
| be received and may obtain a useful and liberal
Education.
Board can be had in respectable private families
at ten dollars per month.
HENRY LOCKHART, 3 .
JOHN 11. ROBERTS, ?
WM. CASTLEBERRY, } I
JOHN MOORE, | g
STERLING JONES. J .■
By order of the Board.
G. O’NEAL, Sec’ry. & Treas’r.
Warrenton, January 30th, 1837. [Feb 3-134 M
Dr. ÜBNJ. DOUGLASS, Surgeon Dentist. M
HHS returned to the City and resumed the du-fl
ties of his profession, at his residence comtt®
of Broad and Jackson streets, ox er the store oaH
.Messrs. Clarke, Me Tier & Co.
Sept 20 SJ*