Newspaper Page Text
by GUIEU a THOMPSON.
, miiiiiiiiilß
“^pCO^TITUTIONALIST,
macintosilstreet.
ioor/rom I*. If- corner o/ Broad-sireet.
, I i\lTby _^< ' mir,i,trotorß ' Executors, or
required, by law, to be held on the
in tL month, between the hours of
„ ,ho forenoon and three in the afternoon, at
I", ".House in which the property is situate.
Os these sales must be given in a public
o. siirr no s previous to the day of sale,
r VEfiROES must be at public aiietion, on
? .Tuesday of the month,between the usual
'"of sale at the place of public sales in the
B “ f ' here the letters Testamentary, or Ad
’lrion or Ouardinnship, may have been
,t 'j "first eiving sixty davs notice thereof,
ITof the pub'bc Gaaettea ofthi. Slate, and at
loorof the Court-House where such sales
“A'thewlc of Personal Property must be
’/Tn Uk. manner, forty days previous to
,m the Debtors and Creditors of an Estate,
t he * 'he Court
niinary forgave to sell LAND,must be pub
id for rot'a mostiis (h _
:<ftorV*‘.° ?* l i,S.oy order absiTlute
be given by the C
TUESDAY HORNING, JUNE B| 1838.
We call attention to an article from the New
The directors of'the Savannah Insurance
rust Company, declared on the 7lh inst., a di
-1 at the rate of 10 per cent, on the capital
for the last six months.
iVe saw yesterday a letter containing a fur
mlribution, (private) to the sufferers by the
larleslon conflagration. It is from a few
i in this city and its neighborhood ; itamoun
the liberal and generous sum of twelve him
md seventy five dollars.
Our member of Congress, Gen Glascock, nr
n our city from Washington, on Wednesday
iglast. Business of an urgent nature could
ave induced him to absent himself at this
•om the metropolis of the United Stales, A
y, more will be necessary to him to despatch
siness which called him here—immediately
ards he will return to his post and the dis
-of bis duties.
The prospect of the p issing in the House
resentativea, of the bill for the separation of
uid Slate, is every day becomiiff more flat-
A month or two ago, it was generally be
that the sub-treasury bill would not /*° KH
.iifio. Now, tho friends of tho connexion be
the banks and ihc government have become
d, and dread the adoption of a measure,
must necessarily deprive the moneyed cor
n» of the country, from that influence in the
iment, which they should never have pos-
VVe are not surprised at tliia change in
blic mind. Ever since the extra scs ion of
ss, the policy of sepnrnting the government
he banks, has been gaining ground ; and
the hill he rejected at the present session of
»s, by a very small majority, we have no
iu our minds, that public opinion will require
asure to be carried in:o effect at the next
i. In the north, the policy of an indepen*
easury is acquiring popularity; and in the
a very large majority of the people arc in
►filial policy. The members of congress,
Hiring Una section of the union, should, there*
ike into consideration the wish of this over*
ing majority of their constituents, and vote
ingly. Ily voting according to the wish of
jority, they will draw upon themselves, the
and respect of their constituents. Some of
members of congress may believe, that the
usury system is of doubtful policy. We will
Ins. In this case, why should not the sys
tried, especially when a large majority of
iple are anxious Air a fair trial ? We hope,
'our members of congress who are opposed
lystem in question, will weigh the few brief
s wo have made upon the subject, and de*
) to comply with the wishes of a majority
1 constituents.
Will he found in another column of this
oper, the letter of Gov. (Gilmer to Mr. Daw
Ve have not a word to say against the letter
ied by the Executive of the State to the Se*
of War, and against the one addressed to
irgia delegation in congress. Hut it is with
hat wo find such a letter, as that addressed
Dawson, in the public prints. Gov. Gilmer
: proper to publish that letter, which should
een strictly confidential ; he of course de
tat hia expressions should be taken ns ofli
d publicly known. We approve the spirit
dictated the letters to Mr. Poinsett and to
*mhera of congress ; we are sorry to soy,
e spirit which dictated the letter to Mr.
n, is highly reprehensible, uncalled for, and
fled, ami does not comport with the station
Gov. Gilmer now holds. We shall not
nt further on the temper in which that let
s written: it is before our readers; they
Ige for themselves. We must, however,
tention to an acknowledgment made by
ilmer, which is somewhat connected with
‘rmeddling of certain individuals with Koss,
rd to the removal of the Cherokees to the
md to an extension of lime for that removal.
Gilmer admits that he wrote to Ross, pro
thal the Indians should remove, voluntarily,
the lime stipulated in the treaty. We hope
ter to Ross, with his reply, and the letter to
crelary of War on the same subject, will be
o the public.
I prompted Gov. Gilmer to write to Ross ?
>hjcct had he in view in proposing to Ross
ovc to the west, before the lime allowed in
aty, especially when it is considered that
•ss was an inveterate enemy to Georgia, a
zealous and influential opponent to the emigration
of the Cherokees, and a violent antagonist to the
Indian parly, winch agreed to the treaty of 1835?
W as it to avoid difficulties on the part of the Indi
ans, when the lime should arrive ? Gov. Gilmer
knew that there were agents among the Cherokees
fully authorised by the U. S. Government, to faci
litate the emigration of such Indians, as were wil
ling to remove before the lime stipulated in the
treaty. Gov. Gilmer knew that a number of the
Indians had been enrolled for emigration, and con
veyed to the other side of the Mississippi. Gov.
Gilmer knew that the Stale of Georgia had nothing
to do with tiie stipulations and obligations of the
treaty, except so far ns the law of Georgia was
connected with the surrender of the land in the
occupancy of the Indians, on the 25th of May of
this year. The fact is. Georgia had, and has, no
thing to do with the means and measures employed
for the removal of the Indians from her territory.
The Federal Government may appropriate millions
of dollars for the removal of the Cherokees ; it may
station an army of ten thousand men in the Che
rokee territory ; it may negotiate with Ridge or
Ross, or with whom they please ; all this must be
a matter of perfect indifference to Georgia. Geor
gia has extended her laws over the territory occu
pied by the Indians; she has organised that territo
ry into counties; she has parted with her title to
the land, by issuing grants to her citizens under
the great seal of the State ; and she has ordained ,
by law, that on the 25th of May, 1838, the grantees
of such lands as should then be in the occupancy
of the Indians, would be put in possession of their
fee simple property. All these arc facts known to
j Gov. Gilmer, to the Fed oral Government, to Mr.
Lumpkin and to Mr. Dawson. Could Gov. Gilmer,
by making propositions to Ross ; could Mr. Daw
son, by laboring day and night , to bring Ross to a
reasonable proposition ; and could Mr. Lumpkin,
by communing with the late and present Presi
dent ; we say, could they change the absolute ob
ligations of the laws of Georgia ? The Secretary
of War, himself, is obliged to admit, that nothing
can be changed in the stipulations of the treaty,
and in the obligation of the Indians to remove on
the 23d of May, two days sooner than required by
the law of Georgia, but by the consent of the par
ties interested. Georgia, as a stale, is not only
one of the panics interested, from whom a consent
for a delay in the removal of the Indians should be
obtained. The consent of the owners of the lots,
now occupied by the Cherokees, must first he
asked and obtained. By law they were to have
the possession of their property on the 25th May :
no other force but that of the bayonet could de
prive them of their right to take possession of their
land. And yet, Mr. Gilmer, as Governor of the
State, attempts to negotiate with John Ross ; and
members of congress, instead of standing aloof, and
rejecting every attempt to induce them to enter
into some compromise with Ross, labor day and
night to bring this artful chief to a reasonable pro
position !
If Gov. Gilmer, Mr. Dawson, and Mr. Lumpkin,
had succeeded in bringing John Ross to some rea
sonable proposition, who were to sanction the ar
rangement made by the contracting parlies ? Did
Gov. Gilmer possess the power to carry into effect
any reasonable proposition made by Ross ? Were
Mr. Dawson and 31 r. Lumpkin duly appointed mi
nisters plenipotentiary on tho part of the Federal
or State Government, to treat with the chief John
Ross? Those gentlemen had no business to med
dle with the object of the visit of John Ross to
Washington ; they should have rejected every pro
position made to them to confer with that Indian
Chief. Wo have no doubt in our minds, that this
intermeddling with Ross, had tho effect of leading
him to stand firm in the rejection of the treaty of
1835. If Ross had been notified by the Federal
authorities, that Georgia would not hear of any
compromise, in regard to the removal of the Indi
ans on the 23d of May, ho would have recommen
ded to his people to emigrate before the time spe
cified.
We deeply regret the publication of the letter
of Gov. Gilmer to 31 r. Dawson. Ho should
have been above the expression of those partisan
feelings employed by newspaper editors in this
State for political effect, against the Federal
administration. Ho should not have said that
the President trill not he permitted to sell the
rights of the people of Georgia , to buy votes else
ithere, especially when strong suspicions exist,
that I ho proposition of the Secretary of War to the
Cherok* 0 delegation, was suggested by the interfe
rence and ii»K n *meddlingof individuals, who, inten
tionally, deceiveu tho Secretary of War, or where
themselves deceived, ** to the influence they pos
sessed in Georgia, and as *he benefits which the
jiolitical parly to which they belong might derive
from the ceurse they recommend*. •• Gov. Gil
mer had not published that letter, we v v ould have
given him our feeble aid with the utmost p’rnsure
nnd(cheerfulno«s, for we believe him to he dovoifd
to Georgia, and to ho zealous and patriotic in the
discharge of his official duties ; but as we find that
he is not generous enough to wail until the mystery
connected with the recent proposition of the War
Department is revealed, before ho ascribes to the
worst of motives the conduct of tho President,
the Governor will not be surprised if in the course
of the coming events, arising nut of our Cherokee
affairs, we administer to all parlies nothing else
but simple justice, without indulging in praises,
which it is a pleasure for us to bestow, when poli
tical friends, ami even political opponents, give us
the opportunity to do so with propriety. W© ap
prove me letters of Gov. Gilmer to the {Secretary
of War, and to the Georgia delegation. Wo censure
and condemn the spirit whir-h dictated the letter of
Gov. Gilmer to Mr. Dawson; and if we are no
egrcgiously mistaken in our opinion, the time is
not fur distant when tl e publication of that letter
will be regretted as much by Gov. Gilmer und his
friends, as by us.
CAMP MEETINGS.
'Micro will be a Camp iMeeling in Richmond,
near Augusta, beginning on tho night of the Cth of
July, and conclude the morning of the 11 1 h.
Jeffersim , at 3lount Moriah; to begin the 20th of
July and conclude on the morning of the 26th.
Lincoln, at Wheal’s (’amp Ground; to begin the
night of the 29ih, and conclude on the morning of
the 30th.
Warren, near Wnrrenton; to begin the Ist of Au
gust at night, and conclude on the morning of the
Cth.
Washington county, at Limestone; to begin on
the 10th at night, and conclude on the morning of
the 15th.
Wilkes, at Independence; to begin the night of
the 17lh, and conclude on the morning of tho 22d.
Columbia, at White Oak; to begin the night of
the 22d, and conclude the morning of the 27th.
Hancock, near Sparta; to begin on the night of
the 31st, and conclude the morning of tho sth of
September.
{Kr Wo arc glad that the following resolution
was agreed toby the House of Representatives ;
On motion of Mr. Grnntland,
Resolved, That the President of the U. States he
requested to lay before this House, any communi
cations which may have been received by him, or
by the Secretary of War, from the Governors of
Georgia, North-Carolino, Tennessee, or Alabama,
on the proposition of John Ross and his associates,
for extending the lime of removing the Cherokee
Indians from those States.
OUR CHEROKEE AFFAIRS.
We publish in other columns of this day’s paper,
some important papers relating to the removal of
the Cherokee Indians, and the circumstances
which led to the recent measures proposed to con
gress by the War Department. It will be seen, on
reading the documents now published, that the ad
ministration will be able to vindicate the course it
has thought proper to reeomnlend, and that the
blame, for presenting to Ross and the Indians delu
sive hopes, will hove to he borne by others than
the President and the Secretary of War. Mr.
Lumpkin has on this occasion done his duty; and
should other developements, which must necessa
rily follow those already made clear up to the satis
isfaclion of the people of Georgia, the share he may
have had in the conferences and negotiations with
Ross, it will give us much pleasure louse towards
him a different language, than the one it was our du
ly to employ when we had to condemn the message
of the President, and the letter of the Secretary of
War to John Ross, and other chiefs of the Chero
kee delegation. We shall wait for other revela
tions before we comment on those now presented
to our readers, who, from the extraordinary facts
disclosed, will no doubt arrive ot the conclusion,
that the administration will be able to vindicate it
self before the people of Georgia, of any design to
act unjustly towards them.
A destructive fire broke out in Nantucket on the
Ist inst. which destroyed oil and other property
valued at from three to font hundred thousand dol
lars.
SALT.
A letter dated Curacoa, May 3d, soys, “the heavy
rains which have continued since the 23d ult.,
have dissolved allth© salt, both at Turks Island and
Bonaire, and there will be no more salt ready for
market, and no more can be pressed until July.”
BANK DIVIDENDS.
The Central Rail Road and Banking Company of
Georgia, and the Marin© and Fire Insurance Bank,
have, each, declared a dividend, out of the profits
for the past aix months, of four per cent, which is
at the rate of 8 per cent, per annum.
The 3lechanic’s Bank of this city, has declared a
dividend of four dollars per share out of the pro
fits of the Bank for the past six months.
BANK REPORTS.
We are sorry to see that but one of our banks,
the Bank of Augusta, has complied this month
with the promise given to the public when they
suspended specie payments, to make monthly re
ports of their condition. Why is this ?
LATER FRG3I FRANCE.
The packet ship Albany, arrived nt New York
on the slh inst, brings advices from Havre to tho
9th ult. The political intelligence brought by her
is not of much interest. Commercial intilligenco
will be found in another column.
FROM JAMAICA.
Tho Jamaica Journal of tho 27th April, received
at the office of the New York Express, stales that
there was a heavy gale nt Annalo Bay, on the 20lh
and 21st of that month. The waves, it is said, rose
to an extraordinary height, and the whole extent of
the harbor was one continued sheet of foam and
breakers. 3luch damage was done to the shipping
by the gale.
GIRAFFES, OR CA MELEOPA RDS.
'I he Journal of Commerce slates that the hark
Prudent, arrived at New York from Cape Town,
South Aricn, whither she went chiefly for the pur
pose of bringing home three African Giraffes
and some other animals, on account of a Boston
Company. The Giraffe is one of the greotest curi
osities in the animal kingdom. These wo under
stand hold their heads eighteen feel above the
ground. One died at the lime of embarkation—
the other two arrived in good health. They will
cost tho proprietors, on landing, not far from ten
thousand dollars each.
The U. S. corvette St. J/>uie, Cnpt. Pnine, arriv
ed nt New York on Wednesday evening, the Cth
inst. from the West India Station. Oflicers and
crew all well.
SPECIE PAYMENTS.
At a meeting of the oflicers of the hanks of Balti
more, held on the 4th inst. it was determined to ask
the banks in the Eastern, Southern and Western
Stales, to meet in convention, either in Philadel
phia or Baltimore, in the course of the ensuing
month, for the purpose of fixing on an early day for
the general resumption of specie payments.
Sir George Arthur, Governor of Canada, has is
sued his proclamation, in relation to the burning of
the steam boat Sir Robert Peel, lie enjoins upon
the inhabitants of Canada the strictest forbearance
and to await the action of the United States Gov
ernment.
FROM SISAL.
Capt. Fensley, of the brig Audubon, from Sisnl,
nlNew-York, states that while at anchor abreast
of the Castle o( Sisal, he was hoarded from tho Fr.
brig of war Serrurier. The officer having endorsed
the A’s. register, ordered her off tho coast, as the
whole coast was declared to he under blockade.—
The only vessel which was seen on the coast by
the A. during'the seven days she was there, was
the Serrurier.
[copy.]
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, )
Milledgcvillc, 30lh May, 1838. $
To the Hon. Wm. C. Dawson :
Sm : —I send you a hitter addressed to the ow
ners of the land occupied by the Indians in the
Cherokee Country, immediately before they had
acquired, by the law, the right to take possession.
I confidently believe that the most of them would
have pursued the course recommended. The very
best feeling prevailed “very where. The alarms
and distrust which had tripled some lime ago
had subsided. 'Phis has proceeded, in a great
degree, from the incessant exertion which had
been used, to prevent any violation oftho rights
of the Indians, and the assurances given to the
people, that the Government would remove tie j
Indians as soon as possible, and afford every one
protection against violence. In Gilmer and
Union counties, where the Indians are twice as
numerous as the whiles, tho people were, two
weeks ago, perfectly quiet, and travelling as safe
as any where. But fora lingering expectation
that Ross would be able to retain their country
for them, it is confidently believed that a great
proportion ofthe Cherokees would hav been now
preparing to remove. So confidcn were the
people, that no difficulty or violence would oc
cur in the removal, that they were indicating a
disposition to complain against the Government
for sending so many troops among them. No
one has ever felt more satisfaction than I have
done at the result of my labors for the last six
months. No violence of any kind had occurred
when Gen. Scott took command. I had suffer
ed great anxiety whilst the troops were in pre
paration. Difficulties seemed to be over. No one
who has not labored as I have done to save the
lives, and prevent the suffering of a whole com
munity, can understand the deep mortification I
have fell, in knowing that the happy results of
my exertions must certainly be destroyed by the
late proceedings of the President. Our people
have been so harrassed for a longtime by Indi.
an disturbance*, alarms, and warn, that they
will not bear it longer than tho treaty required
them. To ask them to suffer Ross and »s friends
to remain among them for two years longer,
with the knowledge that every citizen of the
Cherokee country has, that the Indians would
have been contented at home in the West long
lieforc this, but for the exertions of Ross and his
friends, is utterly idle. When I proposed to the
Secretary of War and John Ross, two months
ago, that Ross should remove his people volunta
rily before the time arrived for their removal by
the army, upon a large compensation to he al
lowed him by the Government, I received a di
reel refusal from Koss, and my letter to the Sc
crctary of War, was not honored with an an
swer. That the Secretary now, when the Go
vernment has no power over the treaty, except
to enforce it, should propose to reward Ross for
denouncing the Government as dishonest, and
faithless, by possession of the lands of the peo
pic grunted to them by the Stale, is indeed
an act of dishonesty and faithlessness The
President will not bo permitted to sell the rights
of the people of Georgia, to buy votes elsewhere.
The people will see to that, iflhc public author,
itics do not.
If my health perm its, and the President de
termines that he will maintain the Indians in
their occupancy ofthe Stale, I shall proceed to
the Cherokee Country, and try whether the
rights ofthe State are to be trampled upon, or
violated by military force. We have two thou
sand men in the field, under Gen. Floyd—not
one of whom will obey any order to set at defi.
ancc the sovereignty ofthe Stale. If the United
States troops shall attempt to resist our laws,
they will be required to leave tjic State, ami our
troops be withdrawn from the United Stales
service. The requisition under which they went
into service was to remove the Cherokees, not to
maintain them upon our soil. The Government
may yet stop in its work of unrnixed mischief.
The Indians can be removed by the United States
Government and the troops now assembled, with
more case, and less suffering, than by th© State,
and I shall continue to insist upon its proceed
ing to remove them at once. If the President
refuses, the consequences must be upon his
head.
For the purpose of giving you as much infor
mation as I readily can. as to the course taken
by the Slate and Genet tl Government, in lemo-
AUGUSTA, GA. THURSDAY, JUNE 14, 1838.
ving the Cherokees, I forward you the enclosed
copies and papers.
'I he requisition of Gen. Scott for troops from
this Stale. My order for raising them, and the
special commissions given to the oflicers, show
that these troops are only authorized to remove
the Indians and protect the people.
Tho letters to the owners of the lands occupied
by the Indians, to Generals Scott and Floyd,
show the rights of the people, and at the same
time the exertions which have been made to
prevent any collision between them and the In
dians, and the general slate ofthe peace, and
the confindence that the Indians, with prudence,
could be removed, without difficulty.
The proclamation of the 13th March, will
show the anxiety with which I have protected
the rights ofthe Indians.
The address of Gen. Scott to the Cherokees,
shows what bis original instructions were. He
says he has no right to grant them further de
lay, and that within one month, every man, wo
man, and child, must he moving from the coun
try.
My letters to the Secretary of War and Ross,
show that more than two months before the ar
rival of the time for the removal of the Indiana,
by force, I proposed that Ross, should before
that time, remove them voluntarily. Uoss’ an
ewer shows for itself. None was received from
Mr. Poinsett.
I send you the late insruotionsto Gen. Scott,
which shew that the President is proceeding
without the consent of the Stales, or congress, to
stop the removal of the Indians by the troops,
and to rely upon contracts with Uoss* friends;
and the intention of the President to make the
owners of the lands in this State depend upon
General Scott for possession.
In my letter ofthe 3(Uh November, I reques
ted Mr. Poinsett, to pul an end to his correspon
dence with Ross. In his reply of the 9th Do.
comber, he says it was continued with the hope
ofinducing Rosa to aid in the peaceable remo
val of the Indians; hut when he was satisfied
hat this could not he done, he would inform ipe
of if. In his letter ofthe Ifilh December he
writes, that in conformity with that promise,
hia correspondence with Ross was at an end.
Several communications have been received
this morning from the Cherokee country. A
state of quiet prevails every where. I send you
an extract of Dr. Hamilton’s letter. I cannot
but hope that the friends ofhumanity will induce
the Government to retrace its steps.
Verv respectfully, yours, &e.,
GEORGE R. GILMER.
[From the Washington Globe, June 7.]
In the Senate to-day, the bill for the suppress
ion of Indian hostilities was taken up, and Mr.
Preston, without knowing any thing ofthe sub
ject on which he inveighed, went to work after
the fashion ofthe letter writing tribe, to manu
p facture something to answer party purposes.
Gov. Lumpkin, of Georgia, made short shill for
Mr. Preston, by presenting a clear narrative of
recorded facts before tho Senate. Mr. Preston
insisted that the course ofthe Administration,
in proposing to conciliate the malcontent Chero
kecs, by holding out inducements to voluntary
emigration, was altogether wrong, and bad given
the Slates interested just cause of offence. The
Governor of Georgia was alluded to, as well as
General Scott, as being badly treated by the
course ofthe Department, which, it was pre
tended, disappointed all their expectations.
Upon this, Governor Lumpkin rose ami read
the extract of a letter from Governor Gilmer,
suggesting precisely tho line of conduct adopted
by the department. It is as follows:
Extract from a letter from Governor Gilmer,
dated ,
Milledoeville, March 6,1838.
“The best informed persons residing among
the Cherokees express the. opinion that Ross can,
if he will, remove his people at once. To avoid
the great expense to the Government, and pre
serve the lives and properly of our citizens and
the Indians, which may be sacrificed if the treaty
is executed by force, the. Government can well
afford to pay a very liberal mice for the. volun
tary ami immediate removal of the Indians. To
enable Rohm and the chiefs to effect this object,
I believe it to bo necessary for them first to re
turn home, sec their people, and let them be
satisfied that tbejr efforts to change the treaty
| have been honest, though unavailing. The Cher
off ecu ore so suspicious oftheir chiefs, that even
Rohm, a* entirely a« ho has their Confidence,
might lose all power to servo them, if he attempt
ed to make a contract with the Government for
their emigration before they were consulted, and
their approval ofthe measure obtained. If the
Government should ascertain, upon Ross’s re
turn home, that lie had the power, and was will
ing to undertake the removal of his people, the
terms ofthe contract could be agreed upon with
out difficulty or delay.
“ If the pertinacity of Ross should create any
difficulty, it might be obviated by making no re
ference in his contract to the treaty.”
How far Mr. Preston’s assertion that tho Sc
crctary arrested tho operations of Gen. Scott,
and prevented that officer from doing his duty
in removing the Indians, will he icon from flic
following letter, just received through tho Gov
ernor of Georgia, on that subject:
Milleduevillk, June 2, 1838.
Sir: Having just arrived from the sconce of
operations in the Cherokee country, I avail rny
sclfoflhc honor of communicating to your Ex
celleney the movements of my chief, Gen.
Scott, within tho limits of Georgia. Upon the
the 24th ult. ho placed the Georgia volunteers
under the command of Gen. Floyd, in position,
and on the 2511 i commenced operations. Gen.
FJoyd, in person, commanded the first detach
ment that operated. Tho promptness and ability
ofliis movement gave to tlie commanding gen
oral the highest satisfaction, while it presented
to the balance of the command a salutary ex
ample.
'l’he number of prisoners on Tuesday last was
about 3,000; and by this, I do not think there
is a wandering Indian in the Cherokee country,
within the limits of Georgia. The captures
were made with the utmost kindness and hu
inanity, and free from every stain of violence.
The deportment of our Georgia citizens resi
dent in the Cherokee counties, has been marked
by a forbearance and kindness towards the In
dians, that must win for them the admiration of
every philanthropist. Permit me to conclude
with the congratulat ion of our rights being so
promptly and peacefully secured.
With the highest regard,
A. H. KENAN,
Volunteer Aid de-Camp to Gen. Scott.
His excellency G. K. Gilmer.
This letter, too, we hope will satisfy Governor
Gilmer that the ground is untenable taken in
the following letter, written byway, we suppose,
ofacknowledging his obligations to the Secretary
at War for accomplishing the wishes expressed,
not only by himself, hut by men of distinction in
all parts of Georgia, as Gov. Lumpkin informed
the Senate. Wo annex this kind requital of
Governor Gilmer for the promptitude with
which tho Secretary entered Into his views of
engaging Ross and others actively in the busi
ness of emigration. It will be seen that his
Excellency is now disposed to treat the military
force, busily engaged in urging and aiding the
emigration, as a hostile array against Georgia
to defend the Indians ; and, in that view, is
prepared to levy war on the United Slates.
But we give the letter and reply, that thecoun
try may judge Governor Gilmer on his own
showing. The bill was passed to a third read,
ing by a vole of ayes 40, noes 0, and would
have finally passed, but that Mr. Benton inti
mated a wish to speak on it.
From the Governor of Georgia to the Secretary
of War.
Executive Department, Ga. \
Milledgeville, May 28, 1838. $
Sir : I have had the honor of receiving from
you the proposals of the Government to John
Ross, and instructions to General Scott.
The surprise and regret excited in myself at
these proceedings of the Government, I am
sure will be felt by every citizen of the Stale.
I can give to them no sanction whatever.
The proposals to Ross could not be carried
into execution but in violation ofthe rights of
the State. The very making of them must
prove exceedingly injurious to the interests of
the pconlo.
The lands which are in the occupancy of the
Indians in Georgia, are the private property of
its citizens; and the owners are now entitled
by the laws to possession. For tho purpose of
preventing all unnecessary suffering and hard
ships on the part of the Cherokees, these propri
elors have been carnessly entreated not to en.
force their rights at once, but to wait until tho
Indians should be removed by the army. Thcv
have been assured that this would be done by
the President as soon as possible, and in perfect
good faith. Sincere regret is felt that the sue
cess of these efforts in the cause of humanity
ban been defeated by the Government.
As soon an the proposals to Ross and the
instructions to General Scott arc known to the
proprietors, they will no longer be restrained
from taking possession of their properly. It
becomes necessary, therefore, that I should
know whether the President intends, by the in.
slructions to General Scott, to require that the
Indians shall be maintained in their occupancy
by an armed force, in opposition to the rights of
the owners ofthe soil. If such is the intention
ofthe President, a direct collision between the
authorities of the Slate and the General Govern
ment must ensue. My duly will require that
I shall prevent anv interference whatever by
the troops with rights ofthe State and its citi
zens. I shall not fail to perform it, To avoid
misunderstanding, permit me to request that
you will communicate to me, and as early as
you conveniently can, the Ptesideal’s views up
on this subject.
I have no doubt hut the Indians can be re
moved from the State, in the execution of the
treaty, and by the troops now organized and
stationed in the country with that avowed pur
pose, with more ease and expedition, and a rea
dier acquiescence on the part ofthe Indians, than
by any means in the power of this State.
If, however, the Government consents that
Ross and his friends shall remain two years long,
or, the Stale will he obliged to gut rid of the
evils which must necessarily arise from such
policy, by exercising its own rights of jurisdic
tion, and remove them by the most efficient
means which it can command.
Very respectfully, yours, etc.
GEORGE U. GILMER.
Hon. Joel Poinsett.
From the Secretary of War to the Governor of Ga.
WAR DEPARTMENT, (
June 3, 1838. $
Sir: I have the honor to acknowlcgc the re
ceipl of your Excellency’s reply to my communi
cation, conveying (ho proposals made by the Ex
ecutive to the Cherokee delegation, and the in
slructions to Gen. Scott; and from tho tenor of
your remarks I cannot but suppose that your
Excellency must have misapprehended the true
meaning and intent ofthe Government.
'Flic question of prolonging the time ofthe re
moval of the Cherokees is expressly referred to
the Slates by this Department, and such exten
sion was not intended to embrace a longer peri
od than that which might he required by a due
regard to the common dictates of limn iiiily; it
being expressly staled that the Cherokees were
to be removed as speedily as was consistent with
their health and comfort. Gen. .Scott is, more
over, instructed to continue the prosecution of
the measures he has adopted to remove the In
dians, and whether their removal is to he effec
ted by compulsion or by voluntary emigration
under their own agents, solo conduct his opera
lions as to place the proprietors of the lauds
there, in possession oftheir properly, with as lit
tle delay as possible. These inst ructions cer
tainly do not warrant, the supposition that the
Government consents that Ross and his friends
shall remain two years longer; on the contra
ry, tho orders of the Government are most posi
tive that the Indians are to he removed from
Georgia first, and from the other Stales as spee
dily as practicable; and your Excellency may
be assured, from the character ofthe officer en
trusted with their execution, that these orders
will be carried into effect without any unneces
sary delay. The Department cannot therefore
pereeiveJany|eauHe for the apprehension your Ex
cellency seems to entertain of a collision between
the authorities of the Stale and the General Go
vernment.
I fully concur with your Excellency in opin
ion “that the Indians can be removed from the
Stale in the execution ofthe treaty, and by the
troops now organized and stationed in the coun
try with that avowed purpose, with more case
and expedition, and a readier acquiescence on
the part of the Indians, than by any means in the
power of this State;” (meaning Georgia,) and I
beg leave to reiterate to your Excellency the as
surance that the troops will be employed, not in
opposing, but in vindicating, the rights of the
.Stales interested in the fulfilment ofthe treaty,
and in establishing, without unnecessary delay,
their citizens in the possession of I heir properly
in the Cherokee country. AH parties must de
sire that this may he effected rather by the vol
notary emigration of the Indians than by the
application of force, a resort to which, the Go
vernment desires most earnestly to avoid if pos.
sible.
Very respectfully,
Your most obedient servant,
J. R. POINSETT.
His Excellency George R. Gilmer,
Governor of Georgia, M illedgevillc, Ga.
[ From the. National Intelligencer.\
TO WILLIAM LORMAN Esq.,
PRBIDKNT OF THE. RANK OF BALTIMORE.
Sir: Although my transit through Baltimore
has not allowed time to communicate with you
since my last address, yet the deep slake you
have in the prosperity of the Republic will ren
der acceptable my crude suggestions, even
should they not lunnonize with your own deli
berate opinions.
Subsequent events have demonstrated that I
only rendered justice to the Administration in
believing they were sincerely desirous to aid the
community in a retain to specie payments.
“The notes of all sound speeic-payiug banks
arc received and dispersed by their agents; no
demand for coin has been made on anv inst it u
tion; and, to enable the Treasury to meet, by its
own resourcea, any amount of specie that may
he required for the mint, Indian annuities, or
other disbursement,” the bill which has passed
the Senate authorizes, to tide m verbis, the sale of
slocks in foreign countries, in order that our float
ing capital, required for mercantile operations,
may not he absorbed by Government securities;
and, without the slightest desire to render more
than justice to the powers that be, (for I neither
seek nor would accept any favor from them, my
only intercourse with the President being that
which one gentleman holds with another,) I aver
that, in reviewing their acts, save one of omis
sion only in not repealing by Preaidcntttl man
date the Treasury circular, which Congressional
legislation will more effectually accomplish, no
reproaches can he made for dereliction of duty
towards the hanks; constituting, in rny judg
ment, if not tho Republic itself, the elements
necessary to its vitality and healthful arterial
circulation.
Indebted fifty millions, no coercive measures
have been resorted to. On the contrary, pay
ment was received in the manner most accepta
ble to them; and when the south-western banks
required time, it was freely extended to the ut
most limit demanded.
VOU. XV.—N
i ft affords me pleasure it? p*il on record an in
cident- hieddy Creditable to tho Union Bank of
t Maryland, one ofthe depositories at the time of
i the suspension. Their indebtedness amounted
. to $ 1,600,000; it was promptly reduced to
$41,300; which the anxiety of her worthy Pre
) sident to discharge induced him to tender to me
f four per centum, being the premium Treasury
\ drafts then bore, and actually to pay me $1,642
f to transfer my claim to this amount to his credit;
and, although u genuine Whig, entities, in my
judgment, the institution over which ho presides
f with so much ability to a share of Government
} favor hereafter.
f If the sympathies of those who control the
. finances were not enlisted in favor of the banks,
. still they arc disarmed oftheir power to do mis
chief by their present position. Twenty-seven
, millions deposited with the Stales, in perpetuity;
' twelve millions due by the United Slates and
other banks; four millions of merchants* revenue
t bonds renewed, leave them mendicants for their
daily bread; and for the next two years they
r must disburse as fast as they receive. Conse
quently, nothing con he locked up in Treasury
vaults; not a dollar withdrawn from active cir.
eolation. But I repeal no such desire is felt; to
1 express it would be a dereliction from common
i sense; to act on it, ««i*/idn\.
J Having witnessed the beneficial effects result
. ing from an absolute, unqualified, general, and
. generous resumption of specie payments in New
r York, I propose to give you my experience
’ thereon.
, Confidence, universal and all-pervading, is
j restored; tho precious metals gladden the eyes
of all, even unbelievers in the ability ofthe banks
l to accomplish this desideratum; business revives
r with unrestrained elasticity; although liberally
paid out, the deposites increase daily; old women
and feeble-minded men, wearied witli silling on
their money hags, which produce no brood, drag
, them out from their hiding places, ami restore
them to their appropriate position, in welhsc
cured vaults, knowing that the dvpositc will be
available when required. This is the legitimate
u(»o of gold and silver, the representative of
value, valueless in itself, for any other pur
pose.
To a few clear-sighted, firm and intelligent
financiers in Wall street is the nation indebted
for this great result, and to no individual, in the
same degree, as to that accomplished financier,
patriot, and statesman, Albert Gallatin, whom
% a benignant Providence has preserved to a pa.
i triarchcal ago, iu the full vigor of his luminous
. mind, a beacon light, to guide, instruct, ami
t bless his country, by counsels pure, disinterested,
and patriotic; totally exempt from the diseases
of servility, combining the experience of the
past century with the noon-day light and intelli
gence of the present, lie cheered on and sustain
ed the wavering and timid, hid them tie resolved,
and the work is done. Such was the fact in
1817, said he; so will it be now. Lord Byron re
marks, where there is a will, there is always a
. way. Richelieu being asked by bis great mas
. tor if it were practicable to accomplish a diffi
. cult work within a limited period, replied, “Sire,
. if it be possible, it is done already ; if impossible,
f it shall he done.” And to my friends in Haiti,
r more I say, resume; it is hut to be resolved, and
[j it is done. It will be the bursting of spring upon
the desolation of winter; a feast of fruits and
. flowers after a carnival of the damned; a pillow
a of fire by night, that will rise till it meet the sun
_ in its coming, the earliest light of the morning
i- gild it, and parting day linger and play on its
c summit.”
t .Sustained by the Gonermnciif, the Southern
e and Western hanks are determined to resume
li immediately on the repeal ofthe specie circular.
. These stales are indebted to you, and the liberal
f otter of credits in New York to any required
. amount will soon bring them on their feet. I i»ro
. pose to allay all apprehensions from the only
i source possessing the ability to embarrass you.
Does not the amount of your balances due the
s great commercial emporium present any obsla
. de? lam authorized to say that New York
. will not ask their liquidation until perfect ly con
j venient. And although our specie resources arc
* now ample, yet ns a skilful general always car
ries into the battlefield, if at his command, a
force more than adequate to ensure victory, I
am authorized to tender you any amount of coin
that yon may require, at par. Ten days since I
addressed a circular to all the banks proposing to
furnish them $300,000 at three per cent, premi
i inn, which was the difference in exchange be
tween the two cities, and I yesterday supplied
all orders in sovereigns. Haifa million more in
at your disposal. I ask no commission, no pre
i inimn, except the difference in exchange ; and
the final passage of the appropriation bills will
in a few days enable me to command Treasury
notes, which bring par in New York to the full
amount required.
; It, is due to yourselves, it is due to the com
munity—national honor, national faith, indi
vidual integrity, require that irredeemable paper
i currency should no longer inconvenience, annoy,
and offend a suffering community in their hour
ly transactions with each other. With what de
gree of consistency or propriety can you demand
interest on an individual’s notes for a term of 60
or 90 days, at the expiration of which he pays
you principal and interest iu exchange for your
notes, paying nothing, not even professing, pur
porting, or promising to pay cither capital or in
terest.
The only difference between suspension or re
sumption is, that, in the one ease, the banks a
gree not to redeem their notes or deposites in
specie; in the other the community agree not to
demand specie. Distrust of their ability produ
ces the necessity for the first; confidence the re
sult ofthe second.
We live in a land where public sentiment is
paramount, and the law of opinion absolute and
uncontrollable; it. breathes now in gentle imir.
mu rings, but will in.ll(c itself heard in louder
tones if 100 long and too indiscreetly resisted. —
The history ofthe Bank of America, otic of ma
ny, shows on which side the obligation lies.—
During the term of its being R depository, their
discounts accumulated to sixty millions; losses
by had debts, twenty-seven hundred dollars. Du
ring the expired term of its chartered existence,
their discoim-s amounted to .bur hundred mil
lions; total losses, sixty nine thousand dollars,
on loans to merchants alone. The Bank of Eng
land, which loans to hankers exclusively, shows
results fourfold morn disadvantageous; and so
much confidence is felt in our national and com
mercial inregrily, that near six millions of dol
lars are now in transit u, making leu millions of
dollars sen I. f.M f.g/b investment; and in a letter
1 recently received from the Chancellor ofthe Ex
chequer; who, although a Commoner, has risen,
1 by the force of intellect, to his present elevated
position, he treats as transitory and illusory our
imaginary financial difficulties. A great and
!. powerful nation, blessed with a fertile soil, in
dustrions population, and exhaust less resources}
with a Treasury note debt of one or two millions
sterling, needs but little recuperative energy to
absorb them by its revenues; and from bin per
sonal knowledge ofthe cool, self-possessed, well
balanced mind of our present Chief Magistrate,
thinks wc are far from being irredeemably lost.
Our difficulties arc really those of the imagina
tion; the panacea a sound and uniform currency.
“Tis from the past we shadow out the land,
Whore smiles long lost again shall light our way.”
Experience is a monitor which nowise man
disregards in the present enlightened age. I
sec before me a cloudless sky, glorious sunshine,
prosperous gales, and a happy nation. May the
5 Great Giver of all good enable ns to appreciate
I and enjoy them aright, and the tribute of grateful
hearts bo rendered up to Heaven’s shrine as
» most acceptable incense. Your friend,
JOHN BARNEY.
Washington, May 27, 1838.
* Commodore David Porter, our Charge at Con
stantinople, is daily expected in this country on a
visit. We ore happy to say his health is good.
EW SERIES, NO. 53.
OCT We publish in another column, a letter front
Mr. Barney, addressed to the editors of the Na
tional Intelligencer. The following ore the re
marks of those editors on publishing a letter, in
which principles are expressed, diametrically op
posite to those entertained by them. It was duo
to the editors to show how such a letter found its
woy into the columns of their paper.
“ W< J insert, in the preceding’page, another letter
from ftlr Barney, on the subject of the currency,
and the disposition of the Executive anent thereto
1 he name of the writer ol that letter will be a sum
passport to the reader’s attention, having procured
its insertion in our columns at a lime when there
are so many demands upon them that all cannot
bo met, and when we must have declined publish
ing such a communication without the sanction of
o responsible name.
“ It can hardly he expected that the views and
noses of the Administration should appear to ns
I the roseate hues in which the glowing fancy
of our respected correspondent has arrayed them.
I hat professions ore made by the Administration,
such as ho represents, wo cannot doubt, since it is
ho who says so. For ourselves, wo would not
give an ounce of practice for a pound of its profes
sions, If our confidence, or that of tho people, is
ever to bo regained, in whole or in part, by the
Administration, it must begin with practical de
monstration of its having forsaken the error of its
wavs and returned to tho naths of wisdom, which
so tar as concerns the currency nun me uimiiv-m,
it has .so widely strayed from. We cannot give
faith to tho Administration, in advance, for what it
bus not done.
“ Wo know what the suffering of the country has
been, and who and what caused it. Wo know
what its condition is now, and who is responsible
for it. Wo can neither hold guiltless tho authors
of tho suffering which is past, nor release from
their proper responsibility those who have placed
the country in its present condition.
“ V\ ith these remarks byway of caveat, we sub
mit Mr. Burney's letter to the judgment of our
readers.”
\From (he. New York New Era.]
Immediately on the resumption of specie pay
ments in this city, exchange between ns, and every
part of the country where the hunks do not pay
specie, .should (nil from one third to one half of
what it had been a few days previously, might
possibly have been exported, hut it Ims certainly
not boon predicted by any body. We confess, our
impressions were, (but it would have produced tho
opposite effect in some degree; although we did ex
pect, that the larcc importations of specie, wou'd
lend to equalize the exchange on (lie seaboard, and
between the great trading cities; still we did not.
apprehend the same result, ns to exchange between
us and the stales of Tennessee and Mississippi.
Hut although nobody expected such a fall in the
exchange, bet ween us and the interior slates, still
a moment's reflection will satisfy any one, that tho
| result is the natural consequence of the recent large
importations of specie into this city. 'I bis it ix,
that has lowered the premium or rale of interest
• among ourselves, which is proved by tho fact, that
money can now he raised of the brokers, on good
notes, at a premium of one per cent a month. And
why should not the same cause that lias produced
this erfect upon our domestic credit, produce a si
milar and proportionate effect in every part of tho
country ? Nothing is more clear than that lips
groat accession of money has reduced iho premi
um hero. And if that has been the effect here,
why should it not reduce the rale of exchange!
pronortionnhly, every where ?
'i bis, it strikes us, is a pretty conclusive argu
ment in favor of a specie currency. It shows very
clearly what it is that gives credit and confidence.
, We have all heard a great deal ol late from tlm
Whigs and Conservatives about the credit system,
and that it was in danger of being destroyed by
1 the Government; and about confidence, that that
also would be lost from the same cause; and the
poor administration has been nnalhcmised, in eve
ry form of speech, because it would not deposits
its debts (it has had no money for a year fast)
w ith the banks, nil of which was to restore confi
dence and preserve the credit system. Well, tho
Government has done nothing to relieve the coun
try. Hut a large number of ships have arrived
from foreign ports, not one of widen, however, had
on hoard a single package of credit, or a halo of
confidence; bui tboy all were wo 1 freighted ivii.li
that humbug commodity called gold, or a metallic
currency; and, strange to tell, no sooner is this
useless, worthless ore landed on our wharves than
credit is revived, and confidence is restored This
is truly a striking commentary upon the grave and
high-sounding charges that have been fulminated
against the Administration for the Inst year, and is
a true exemplification and verification of Whig
logic.
We understand from our mercantile friends that,
although there is no great show of an increase of
business in the city, it is principally because there
is nut much material remaining to do business w ith;
that the stocks of all kinds of goods are wry light,
and are nearly exhausted ; but that orders for
f;oods of every kind to an immense amount have
men forwarded to every part of the world, and
there is every reason to believe that mi extensive
business will he opened before the full with every
part of the country—not, it is to be hoped, upon
the basis of 1837, hut upon that of 18*27 and 1828.
OCT On the ‘2d instant, in the House of Repre
sentatives, the following communication from Iho
Secretary of War. was received ;
Department ok War, .bine I, 1838.
Sir, — I have the honor to transmit herewith, a
report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, fur
nishing, a* l accurately ns the duties pressed by tho
Department will admit of, the information culled
for by a resolution of the House of Representa
tives of the *2lst ultimo, in respect to the valuation
of improvements, and the amounts paid thereon,
under the Cherokee Treaty of 1835.
Very respect fully,
Vour mo>t obedient servant,
.1. R. POINSETT.
Hon. James A. Porte,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
The following information was contained in a
communication accompanying the above.
I. That the improvements valued under the Che
rokee treaty of 1835, amount to about one million
of dollars.
2. The amount of money paid for such improve
ments is not in all cases to he ascertained. These
with other allowances for spoliations, ferries, etc.
constituted the credits to individual Indians ; del t*
and other claims allowed by the board,are charged
against them, mid the balance only is paid, if any
remains. It is estimated that the payments equal
eight hundred thousand dollars.
DARIEN TELEGRAPH OFFICE, I
'J'h nr stint/, June 7, 1833. S
We hasten to lay before bnr renders the contents
of the lolldvVing letter, received this day from St.
Mary’s. It is from Major Edward Hopkins, who,
it will he seen, has promptly entered the field
against the savages. We are certniti lime victory
will perch upon his standard, if ho lias viulerielUi
act Upon. Volunteers! 11 y to_ Camden. Young
men of Mclntosh show your spirit, and rush to the
buttle field!
St. Mary's, June 2, 1838.
Dear Sir , —To-day a despatch reached me, from
the upper part of our county, requiring aid against,
as near as can he judged, 300 Indian warriors, who
have thought proper to whip on our soil two com
panies of militia. .So great a number, very justly
gives alahn to our population. On Wednesday
next, I take the field against them, with as many
volunteers ns 1 can obtain, and Cnpl. Tracy’s com
pany of Hillcmcn ; to give security to our citizens
is all 1 expect to accomplish, until our Governor
puts me in sufficient force, to drive the scamps out
of the swatnp, which I hope will he done w ith all
expedition. In the different engagements many
hum have been wounded, and one mortally. If
tho enemy chose, or had an idea of offensive war
fare, they could lay Waste the entire county ; nor
could 20 men be found prepared to meet them—
fortunately, ignorance predominates—and instead
of hold, they use a dastardly warfare. You are at
liberty to give publicity to the above.
Very respectfully, yours, E. HOPKINS.
To Cornelius MacAbuell, Esq.
D° r * cn » Georgia.
GEORGIA NANKEENS.
h RALES of the above superior GOODS,
just received and for sale by
BAIRD & ROWLAND.
June II 9 137
SPLENDID PAPER HANGINGS.
&. SHEAR have received tins day
from Philadelphia, a largo supply of splendid
Paper Hangings, ol the latest and most fashionable
rlyles, which have been selected with great cure
also, a few sets of French paper Hangings of the
latest Paris styles, and rich Screens for firo boards,
to which they respectfully invite the attention of the
public. 110 April 10