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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
JAMES GARDNER, JR.
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TWENTY. NINTH CONGRESS^
r 1 It H T SEBSIU N .
[Correspondence of Ike Baltimore Sun.]
Washington, June 30, 1846.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
On motion of Mr. Wick, a resolution was
adopted, instructing the military committee
to inquire into the expediency of granting
land to the officers and privates of the volun
teer forces, raised under the act of the present
session, and also of stirnulat ng enlistments
in the regular forces, by granting land I» such
as may enlist, between the first of June and
the first of November of the present year.
The House then went into committee of
the whole, and resumed the consideration of
the tariff bill.
Mr. Dixon spoke in favor of protection and
against any reduction of the present duties.
Mr. Brinkerhoff followed,and in the course
of his remarks, intimated that for sundry rea
sons he and his colleagues from Ohio would
not support the bill.
Mr. Bailey of Virginia, advocated the bill,
and answered numerous objections to it.
Mr. McHenry denounced the measure.
Mr. Yancey strenuously advocated the bill.
Messrs. Tribedeaux and Marsh took the
opposite side.
While they were speaking there were not
more than ten members in flie Hall.
The debate was continued till seven o’-
clock, when the comiuiltee rose and the
House adjourned.
There are strong reasons for believing that
the bill will not pass.
Washington, July 1, 1346.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
The House met at 10 o’clock, but there
were as usual but very few members present.
The idea of going to work so early in the
morning, is truly astonishing to many gen
tlemen who have been accustomed to luxuri
ate in the night, and retire to rest at day light.
The consideration of the tariff bill was
again resumed in committee of the whole.
Mr. Toombs spoke in favor of protection.
Mr. II unter followed on the other side,
Mr. Wick of Indiana next look the floor,
and directed his guns against the speecli
made by Mr. Brinkerhoff yesterday. The
latter had said that the Ohio delegation
would not vote for the bill reported from the
committee of wavs and means, because in the
first place they had not got 54 40, and next,
Ohio had not received her share of offices in
the gift of the Administration.
In answer to this Mr. Wick asserted that he
had always been of opinion that the democra
cy of Ohio was founded in selfishness, and
that when democracy was not to their ad
vantage they would have none of it. For
such democracy he cared not a fig. It was
worlii nothing. Unless men were ready to
make concessions and sacrifices for the good
of the party, the sooner they left the ranks
the belter. He said fie himself, a few days
ago, applied to the President for the berth of
Brigadier General of the volunteers, but he
found lhe places had all been filled. But was
he, on that account, to turn round and assail
I lie democratic party? Was he to desert his
principles merely because he had been disap
pointed m getting an office?
It appeared, however, that this was the ar
gument of the Ohio delegation. They could
not get 64 40, and they could not get offices,
ergo they must turn against their party and |
forsake their principles. It reminded him i
of an occurrence down in Indiana. There
were two boys, Joe Johnson and Torn Addi
son. Well, it happened that Joe Johnson j
fell out with Tom Addison’s sister and slap
ped her. Now Tom was bursting with fury
at tins indignity, and what did he do? Why
lie went out into the lot, and to avenge him
self upon Johnson he rolled himself most fu
riously over and over upon the dunghill.—
[Roars of laughter.]
So it was with these dissatisfied democrats,
they thought they had been ill used, and
they set to work to punish themselves and the
country, by denouncing a measure, which it
appears they would otherwise have voted for.
After further remarks, he told the Ohio dele
gation that they had much belter go over to
the whigs at once, for if they came here for
the sole purpose of getting tiic treasury pap,
such men were not wanted in the democrat
ic ranks. God bad deserted them, the demo
cratic party could not trust them, the whigs
despised them, and the father of lies must
lake them.
Mr. Carroll, of New York, followed, and
the debate was continued till seven o’clock,
when the committee rose.
Washington, July 2.
SENATE.
The Chair announced the following Sena
tors as having been appointed to serve on the
select committee for revising the rules of the
Senate, viz: -Messrs. Haywood, Pearce, Se
vier, Evans, and Atherton.
Some unimportant matters having been dis
posed of, the Senate resumed the considera
tion of the bill for the retrocession of Alex- i
andria.
Mr. Johnson, of MJ., made an able speech
in favor of the bill.
Mr. Miller replied, urging the unconstitu
tionality of the measure.
Mr. Calhoun spoke in favor of the bill, and
after a protracted debate, liie bill was read a
third time and passed by a vote of, yeas 32,
nays 14.
h was then resolved, that when the Senate
adjourn to-day, it adjourns to Monday next.
The vote was. 26 to 21.
The remainder of the day was devoted to
executive business.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Mr. McDowell made a personal explana
tion relative to bis course on the tarrff bill.
He said that when the Whigs were in power,
in 1842. he had voted against the taxing of
tea and coffee, and he was against the present i
bill which proposed to do the same thing.
As one of the Ohio delegation, he would state
that he acted solely from principle, and from
—niwi. r «.aj<la gjii
his own conviction of right and wrong, with
out being led or dictated to by any man. He
was no toady to favor around the toot-stool of
Executive power, nor was he a jackall to min
ister to the appetite of the lion. He was an
American citizen, horn free,and, thank God,
J he would remain free, so long as freedom
\ should remain in the land. He also made
i gome severe strictures upon an article in the
I Union of last evening, on this subject.
An ineffectual motion having been made to
allow 15 minutes debate in committee on
every prop >*ed amendment to lire tariff bill,
the bouse went into committee of the whole,
and resumed the consideration of the bill.
Messrs. Gentry, Rathbun, McKay and
Morris, gave their views,afier which, at two
o’clock, the debate terminated, and the com
mittee proceeded to vote upon numerous pro
posed amendments.
Mr. McKay moved to strike out the duty of
75 per cent, on brandy and distilled spirits,
and insert 100 percent, wiiich was agreed to.
Mr. McKay then moved to strike out the
following articles from Schedule B. and to in
sert them in a new schedule of 40 per cent.,
which w as agreed to, viz: Alabaster, almonds,
anchovies, cassia, cloves, composition table ;
tops, comfits, preserved fruits, etc., currants,
date-*, figs, preserved ginger, grapes, mace,
nutmegs, pimento, prepared tisij and poultry,
prunes, raisins, segars, wines.
The following articles were, on his mofien,
added to schedule B, 30 per cent—Ale, beer,
porter, China, earthen and stone ware, fire
crackers, fiats, braids, willow splits, &c, for
making hats and bonnets; hats, bonnets of
straw or satin straw, etc., sewing silks in
gum or otherwise, silk twist or mohair, ma
terials for painter’s colors, fire-works.
A motion was made to ttnke out “salt”
from schedule D, which imposesa duty of 20
per cent. It was carried, yeas 90, nays 60.
The following articles were also stricken
out of the same schedule, viz: olive oil, nuts,
matting hair cloth, straw hats and bonnets,
tobacco, unmanufactured; hams, hemp, un
manufactured; grass cloth, ginger root.
A great number of amendments proposed
to other sections of the bill, were rejected.
Several motions to add “sail” to other sec-
I lions of the bill, were made and rejected.
Tiie bill will be reported from committee to
night, when the various amendments will he
ordered to be printed. To-morrow they will
be voted upon by yeas and nays in the House.
The passage of llio bill is considered very
doubtful.
Washington, July 3, 1346.
i The Senate did not sit to-day.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
The consideration of the tariff bill was
again resumed in committee of the whole.
A great number of additional amendments
■ having been rejected, at noon the committee
! rose and reported the bill to the House amidst
j great uproar.
I The Speaker having taken the chair, about
forty members jumped up at once, but Mr.
Boyd got the floor. He moved the previous
question on concurring in the amendments of
the committee of the whole.
A motion was immediately made to lay the
motion on the table. The vote was, yeas 96,
nays 112. So the motion for the previous
question was not laid on the table. The pre
| vious question was then ordered and the
House proceeded to vole on the amendment
to the bill made by the committee.
On concurring in the amendment of the
committee of the whole by which “salt” was
stricken out of the duty paying articles, the
vole was yeas 105. nays 95. So the amend
ment was concurred in.
Amidst a great uproar, a motion was made
| to reconsider the vote just taken. The yeas
i and nays having been ordered, Mr. Hudson
; called upon the Speaker to have that rule en
forced wiiich prohibits any member from
standing near the clerk’s desk while the vole
is taking.
The Speaker requested member? to take
their seals, and caused the rule in question to
be read. It was not, however, until after re
peated efforts, that the offenders could be in
duced to leave the front of the desk.
The vote on the motion to reconsider was
then taken, and decided in the negative.—
Yeas 101, nays 105.
The annunciation of the vote was received
I by loud clapping.
The question was again put in another
form, viz; “Shall salt be placed on the free
list?” The vote was yeas 105, nays 104.
So it was again decided that salt should be
placed on the free list,
A moment afterwards, however, the Speak
er was called upon to vote. He did so, and
in the negative. I'his made the vote a tie,
which was equal to the rejection of the mo
tion. Loud applause again followed.
It subsequently appeared, however, that
owing to the great contusion which prevailed,
the Clerk had miscounted the vote, and that
it was yeas 105, nays 102, which did not give
the Speaker the right to vote, he being per
mitted to do so only when his vole will change
j the result on any question.
A motion was then made to reconsider the
: vote, and it was carried—yeas 104, nays 102.
j The effect of this was to bring the bouse
back again to the question, “Shall salt be
placed on the free list?” The vote was yeas
104, nays 105. Soil was decided after all
that salt shall not be placed on the free list.
It therefore remains in the bill subject to 20
per cent duty. The fate of the bill depended j
; upon tiiis one negative vote, as otherwise the :
I New York members would not have voted ;
! for the bill.
The question was next taken on concurring i
in the amendment of the committee repealing 1
the fishing bounties. This was non-concurred |
in—veas 100, nays 109. This saved the vote
of the Maine delegation, who otherwise would
have gone against the bill.
The bill as amended, was then ordered to
be engrossed fur a third reading, without a
division.
The amendment placing tea and coffee
among the free articles was agreed to.
The question then being “Shall this bill :
pass?” it was decided as so lows—yeas 114, 1
nays 95. So the bill was passed:
YEAS.—Messrs. Adams of Miss., Anderson, At
kinson. Bayly, Bedmger, Benton, Biggs, Black of
S. C., Bowlin, Boyd, Brinkerhoff, Brockenbrough,
Brown of Va., Burt, Caihcart, Chapman of Va.,
Chapman of Ala., Chase, Chipman, Clarke,Cobb,
Collin, Cullom, Cunningham, Daniel, Davis ol
M iss., D.trgan, DeMutt, Dobbin, Douglass, Drum- j
| goole, Dunlap, Ellsworth, Farau, Ficklin, Fries,
i Giles, Goodyear, Gordon, Grover, Hamlin, liarai- i
son, Uarmanson, Henly, Hilliard, Huge, Ho.mes !
of S. C., Hopkins, Hough, Houston ot Ala., Hu3- j
ard of Va., Hunt of Midi., Hunter, Johnson of N. ;
H., Johnson of Va., Johnson ofTenn., Jones of :
Tenn., Junes of Ga., Kaufman, Kennedy, King of j
.V. V., Law rence, Leake, La Sere, Lumpkin, Ala- j
clay, McClelland, McClernand, McConnell, 31c- ;
Crate, McDowell of Ohio, McDowell of Va., AJc-
Kay, Martin of Ky., Martin of Tenn., Morse, Mor- I
ris. .Moulton, Niven, Norris. Parish, Payne, Pills- !
' bury, Phelps, Rathbun, Reid, Kelfe, Khett. Ro- j
berts, Sawtelle, Sawyer, Scamraon. Seddon, Sims |
ofS. C.. Sims of Mo., Simpson, T. Smith of la., i
Smith of 111 , Stanton, Starkweather, Si. John, j
Strong, Thompson of Min., Thurman, Tibbatts,
Tow ns, Tredway, Wick, Williams, Wilmot,Wood,
of S. C., Yancey—! 14.
N AYS.—Messrs. Abbott, Adams of Mass., Ar
nold, Ashman. Barringer, Hell, Blanchard, Brown,
j of Penn., B rod head, Buffington, Campbell of N.
Y., Campbell of Pa., Carroll, Cocke, Collamer,--
i Cranston, Crozier, Culver, Darragh, Davis of Ky.,
D-lano, Dixon, Dockery, Edsall, Erdman, Ewing
of Pa., Ewing of Tenn., Foot, Foster, Garvin,
| Gentry, Giduings, Giaham, Grider, Grinned,
j Hampton, Holmes of N. Y-, Houston of Del.,
; Hubbard of Ct. Hudson, Hungerford, Hunt, C. J.
Ingersoil of Pa., J. R. Ingersoll of Pa-, Jenkins,
King of Mass., Leib. Lewis, Levin, Long, Mc-
Clean, Mt-Gaughey, McHenry, Mcllvaine, Marsh,
Moseley, Miller, Pendleton, Perry, Pollock, Ram
sey, Ritter, Rockwell of .'lass., Rockwell of Ct.,
Root, Russell, Runk, Bchen<k, teaman. Sever
ance, Smith of N. Y., Smith of Ct., Caleb B.
Smith of la., Stephens, Stewart, Strohm, Sykes,
Thibodeaux, Thoraasson. 'J'horapson of Jiass.,
Teompson of Pa.. Tilden, Toombs, Trumbo,
Vance, Vinton, Wheaton, White, Winthrop,
\\ oudruff, Wright, Young, Yost~-95.
A motion to reconsider the vote was made
and rejected. So the bill will be cent to the
Senate on Monday.
The House then adjourned to Monday next,
j amid loud huzzas and hisses, both from mem
bers and the galleries.
[Eroni the Charleston Mercury. July I.]
THE OHIO TREACHERY.
Our correspondent briefly states the evi
dence which transpired on Tuesday, that the
treachery, open and shameless, of a portion
of the Democratic party, is again called into
requisition, to defeat all reform in the Tariff.
But the reader will better understand how
gross and brazen the act was, by perusing the
speech of Mr. Brinkerhoff of Ohio, which
we copy from the report of the Intelligencer.
A more barefaced avowal of political profli
gacy never yet was made:
Mr. Brinkerhoffobtained the floor, and said
he had risen at this time for the purpose of
having a little plain talk; of telling that com
mittee what Oitio could do, and what she
would not do; what she would do, and what
she would not do. They had had a great
deal of discussions on the doctrines of pro
tection and free trade, which led to little more
practical result than the discourse held by
the fallen angels who waited on the shores
of hell, while their great chief was on an ex
pedition through chaos—
“and reasoned high
Os Providence, foreknowledge, will, and fate.
Fixed fate, free will, foreknowledge absolute.
And found no end, in wandering mazes lost.”
Mr. B. said that he was warranted to speak
the unanimous sentiments of the entire Ohio
delegation, without the exception of a man.
Did gentlemen suppose that they were going
to support this bill? They would do no such
thing? And why? They had some objec
tions against it, which, though strong, would
not themselves be insuperable; but there were
others which nothing could remove. They
objected the bill, first, because it made a wide
and improper distinction in the duties levied
on spirits and upon wine. There ought to
have been no such discrimination between
these two articles. If there was a good
reason for laying a duty on the one, there
was a reason equally good for imposing a
duty on the other. Both articles were equally
unnecessary; nor did he think that the health
and morals of the American people would be
at all injured should both be permanently
excluded. Their next objection to the bill
was the discrimination made between the
articles of woollens and that of wool. The
duty on woollen goods was put down at 30
per cent., the duly on wool at 25 per cent.
Both articles were imported, and they should
both have been taxed alike. Ohio was largely
interested in the growing ol wool, and
held that the wool growers were entitled to
the same protection with the manufacturer
of woollen cloth. They objected, in the third
place, to the distinction made between flax
seed oil and flaxseed. The one being taxed
20 percent., and the other at 10 per cent.—
They had the same objection to the distinc
tion between raw bides and leather. The
fiides in the raw stale were taxed 5 per cent.,
the leather 20 per cent,; the effect of which
would be to destroy the manufacture of
leather in this country.
But these objections might all be got over
under proper modification. There were other
objections to the bill which could not, but
which were insuperable. The bill proposed a
tax, contingent indeed upon the fact of the bill
but certain in its operation and effect on tea
and coffee. To this they could not submit,
and they would not, the Union to the contrary
notwithstanding. They could not consent
to harmonize their voles with the cracked
and discordant and squeaking notes of the
government organ. The tax on tea and
coffee was to all intents and purposes a poll
lax. It might as well have been laid on every
man, woman, and child in the country. It
was a poll tax, and the people of Ohio would
not pay it. These articles were in use by ail
the people, and most used by the poor. It
was the poor man’s refreshment when he
came home from his toil, and was often the
poor woman’s only luxury. Many families in
the West made use of it three times a day.
Besides the tax on tiiese articles was a sec
tional tax. The people of the North and
Middle States all made use of them. The
laboring population as much if not more than
any, while who performed labor in the
South scarce used them at all.
But it was said by the gentleman from
Georgia (Mr. Jones) that the Government
could not raise enough revenue to meet the
public serv ice without the tax. No, not while
the committee were cutting down all other
articles and leaving them free, he presumed
they could not. But did gentlemen think
i that the free delegation of Ohio, for the mere
! purpose of pleasing this Administration,and
1 for nothing else under heaven, were going to
tax tire stomachs of the people, and that too
to support an exclusive Southern chivalry?
They would not do it. Whence came our
ministers abroad, and with their nine thousand
dollars outfit and their nine thousand salary?
Every one of them from the slave States.
Whence came a majority of our foreign min
isters of the second rate, our Charges des
Affairs? From the same Slates. This under
an Administration that they had themselves
made and helped to sustain by a majority of
their number. (A laugh. A voice. “Whom
did Ohio vote for?’’) Ohio had had a constant
Democratic majority on that floor, and yet
tiiis was the manner in which she was used.
‘‘Gan these things be,
And overcome us like a summer cloud
WHhout our special wonder?”
Ohio had been wholly excluded from that
share of influence in this Government to
| which she was entitled. It was of this that
! she justly complained. We do not care
about your money, said Mr. B. All our peo
ple are accustomed to work for their living.
It is not your money we want; but we claim
to have our legitimate share of influence and
consideration in this Government. We claim
it because it is our right. Our citizens have
! been studiously excluded from almost all
i public offices; and have been thus prevented
from obtaining that experience in public bu
siness which forms the best education of a
statesman. Ohio is the third Stale in this
Union; and yet what has she got from this
Administration? Has she a foreign minister?
v Notone. A charge? Not one. A consul
ship of the first class? Not one. A consul
ship of the second class? Notone. A child
can tell the story who has learned to speak
but two words, “ not one.” 1 believe she has
but one bureau, that of Indian Affairs, and
that is all under the Government to show that
such a State is in existence. Our people do
not yet know all these things; but they shall
know them, and they shall act upon them.
They will do it. Arc free and independent
men going to lick the hand that smites men?
I tell you that ours is not the soil that gives
birth to such men; and so long as I can exert
any influence over the action of my people, it
never shall be. We will not consent to tax
the stomachs of our people to please either
the Administration or its organ. If our peo
ple cawnot have their share of office and of
influence, they shall have it at least of the
comforts of lite.
“Oh, but you will vote this tax as a war tax.
Certainly, as a war lax you will vote it, wont
you? You will not refuse a tax to support
the war?” Yes, vve would have voted you a
war tax just as large as you chose to ask if
we had not seen you such valiant heroes
when the fighting was to be with the Mexican
hyena, but trembling like an aspen leal at the
first remote muttering of the British lion. If
you had stood up for what you yourselves
taught us was our right, you might have taxed
any thing you pleased. We would have stood
by you till the last and given you our last dol
lar. But you have made a most disgraceful
surrender. After declaring that Oregon was
ours of right up to 54“* 40', you have come
down to 49' a , yes, below 49°, and have given
up to our ancient enemy the use of a great
river south of that line. And after all this
you can now turn round and ask us for a war
tax. Now, we must pay for a war for South
ern conquest after you have given away mil
lions upon millions of acres of our own ter
ritory at the North. Will you now ask from
us to grant you a taxon tea and coffee? And
do you think we will give it? No, we will
do no such thing. I said at the beginning
that I rose here to have some plain talk.
And now I ask you, suppose you strike out
tea and coffee from your bill, what then? I
have always stood up for a revenue tariff; I
stand for it still. I will go neither lor a tariff
for protection, nor for a tariff for the destruc
tion of revenue, and therefore the next ques
tion is, will your bill raise revenue enough for
the use of Government without tea and cof
fee? The Secretary of the Treasury says
that he lays this tax on tea and coffee to sup
ply the requisite amount of revenue, and that
he expects it to produce three millions of dol
lars. Strike it out and you have a deficit of
three millions to start with. But the gen
tleman from New York (Mr. Hungerford)
very clearly demonstrated in his speech of
yesterday that your bill would produce a de
ficit of much more than three millions.
The average expenditure of this Govern
ment has been shown to be nearly twenty-six
millions per annum, and you have brought
us a bill which, without tea and coffee, will
not give you eighteen millions. lam under
no pledge to go for a tariff to destroy reven
ue, and especially when it is foreseen, and
is so intended that this shall lead to a perma
nent tax on tea and coffee. I suppose if vve
refused to insert the tax in this bill, you will
bring in a separate bill, for that purpose
expressly. Now it is not my duty as a Dem
ocrat to vote for such a bill to raise revenue.
I hold it neither wise as a statesman nor po
litic as a partisan, and I here give you fair
warning that we make an issue with the
Committee of Ways and Means on this point,
and ifyou reckon on our votes to carry your
bill, you reckon without your host. I warn
you to come to it in time.
We have agreed that we will support the
amendment moved by the gentleman from
New York, (Mr. Hungerford.) For that we
are ready to vote unanimously, because it
compromises this much disputed question,
and will settle it forever. That bill is exempt
from the odious minimums which have oc
casioned so much complaint, and it contains
but two or three specific duties.
We cherish no hostility to old Pennsyl
vania. On the contrary, we love her well,
for vve look to her as our parent. Virginia,
indeed, claims us, but we disown her. Good
old Pennsylvania lias done more for the State
of Ohio than all God’s creation beside, and
vve are not going to prove matricides. We
have long looked with pride to her Democra
tic banner, and it would be suicidal madness
to throw her into the embraces of our enemy.
There ks a point where neglect will be
remembered and where insult will not be for
gotten. I believe Pennsylvania will yield
much for the sake of compromise, but to go
with our eyes open and with full knowledge
for the destruction of a tariff which does yield
sufficient revenue, to adopt a bill winch begins
with a deficit of three of four millions, we
cannot do it, and will not do it. We can
defeat your bill and will defeat your bill. I
speak this more in sorrow than in anger. I
cherish no hostility to any man on this floor,
but gentlemen on all sides may reckon upon
this purpose to be fixed as fate. “I speak as
to wise men; judge ye what I say.” [This
speech was heard in profound silence, and
produced great sensation.
[Correspondence of the N. 1”. Evening Post.]
Washington, June 29, 1846.
A gentleman whose facilities for obtaining
juch information is belter than mine, kindly
permits me to copy his list of the late ap
pointments and nominations to the higher offi
ces in the arnry, and the organization of the
volunteer forces now in the employment of
Ue government. That list is as follows:
REGULAR ARMY.
Gen Taylor, Major General.
Col. Kearney, Brigadier General.
Col. Twiggs, Brigadier General.
VOLUNTEERS.
Col. W. O. Butler, Kentucky, Major General.
Gen. Patterson, Pennsylvania. Major General.
Messrs. Hamer, Ohio, Brigadier General.
“ Lane, Indiana, “ “
“ Shields, Illinois, " “
“ Pillow, Tennessee, “ “
“ Thos. Marshall, Ky“ “
“ Quitman, Miss. “ “
Mr. Hamer, whose name heads the list of
brigadiers generals of militia, has been seve
ral times a Representative in Congress from
Oiio. Judge Shields was until receiving this
anointment, Commissioner of the General
Lind Office. Mr. Marshall, of Kentucky,
net to be confounded with that of Mr. Thos.
F. Marshall, that made something of a
“splurge” in Congress and temperance meet
iigs some years ago. General Patterson, is
the same officer who discharged his duly in
thi Philadelphia riots two years ago, with
stch intrepidity and discretion.
AUGUSTA, GEU,
WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULit 8, 1846.
O’ Not having received the New-Orleaus
Price Current of the Ist inst., we omit our
Uslia l weekly table of cotton movements.
(ETln our next paper vve shall publish a
lar<re portion of the speech of Mr. Thurman,
of Ohio, on the Mexican War. It was intended
specially for the benefit of Mr. Deieno, ot
Ohio, and in reply to that gentleman s speech,
in the course of which lie look occasion to
denounce the Mexican war as disgraceful,
dishonest, infamous and damnable. But as
Mr. Stephens is of the same school ot politi
cians, and takes sides against this country,
or as he chooses to call it, this country s Ad
ministration, upon the question, and under
takes to demonstrate that we are in the wrong,
and Mexico the aggrieved party, Mr.
Thurman’s speech may be not amiss in Geor
gia, byway of setoff. We do not value it,
however, as an argument to set our country
right in the eyes of the world, and her own
people; for already have arguments of unsur
passed ability been promulgated, which re
quire no additional strength. The most
important party yet to be convinced
is Mexico. To her is addressed cannon
balls and bayonets, as she has refused to
listen to the arguments of negotiation and
fair diplomacy.
But we desire to publish Mr. Thur
man’s speech because it contains a gra
phic picture of the Federalists of 1812.
The parallel between their course and lan
guage, in opposition to the war and the go
vernment, and the course of Messrs. De
lano, Stephens and Co.—is most striking
and impressive. It will serve perhaps to
show that Mr. Stephens is a specially fit eu
logist of Mr. Webster, whom he traveled
somewhat out of his way to bespatter with
compliments, and who is among the set of
memorable patriots, who thought it unpatri
otic to vote supplies to the government to
carry on the war with England. Mr. Ste
phens, however, argues one way, and votes
another. He argues that the war is an act
of wanton and unprovoked aggression on our
part, and yet he votes supplies to carry it on.
It would have been more straightforward to
have been consistent with himself, and to vote
against persevering in wanton aggression and
wrong. The vote of ten millions of money,
and fifty thousand men, was not to supply
means merely of defending our own soil, but
to prosecute the war to the heart of the ene
my’s country, if necessary. We think that
the vote the honorable member from Georgia
has given, should have lowered the tone of
his animadversion upon the conduct and mo
tives of the Administration. For he lias thus
made himself particeps criminis.
The administration, by its instructions to
Gen. Taylor, and its entire proceedings,ma- |
infested a reluctance to commence this war. I
It has professed a willingness to terminate if,
whenever Mexico expresses such a desire.
In this it is doubtless sincere. But until
then, the people will not sanction a relaxation
of measures to prosecute the war vigorously;
nor would they consent to see this country
sue for peace. We have no proposition to
make, but should listen to any reasonable
proposition, when made. In the meantime,
we might have other uses for our statesmen,
than sending them, as was suggested some
time since by the Chronicle &, Sentinel, to
send Messrs. Calhoun, Benton and Webster,
with Gen. Taylor’s army, to be on hand in
anticipation ot propositions for peace.
GRATIFYING INTELLIGENCE.
By last evening’s mail, we received the
following letter, from which we infer that the
bill as passed is in its main features accept
able to the South. Fuil details are in an
other column.
The calculation of the correspondent of
the Journal of Commerce, which we publish,
indicates that it will pass the Senate.
Messrs. Cobb, Haralson, Jones, Lumpkin,
and Towns voted for the bill.
Messrs. Toombs and Stephens against,—
Mr. King absent.
Mr. Brinkerhoff, after all his flummery,
voted for the bill.
Washington, July 3, 1846.
My Dear Sir, — I have only time to say
that the Bill reported by the chairman o! the
committee of ways and means, making a
modification and reduction of the duties of
the Tariff of 1842, has just passed the House
of Representatives by a vote of 114 so 95—a ,
majority of 19 votes. The conditional duty
on Coffee and Tea was stricken out, and the
Bill as it passed secures to the South many
of their long-lost rights. Yours truly,
JOHN H. LUMPKIN.
O’We insert with pleasure the following
from the gentleman whose card, headed
“Richmond Blues,” appeared in our paper of
the Ist and 3rd inst.
[communicated.]
Mr. Editor, —Ifyou will allow me through
your widely circulated paper, to return my
thanks to the editors of the Chronicle &.
Sentinel, for their courteous, but posiUie re
fusal of all remuneration for the advertise
ment of the present of Meat on the 4th in=t.,
you will very much oblige,
MATAMORQg.
O’ We notice in the Temperance Advo
cate, Columbia, S. C. that tiie State Temper
ance Society convenes at Aiken, on Monday :
next, 15th inst. Through the President 1
Judge O’Neil, it invites the attendance and
co-operation of the Temperance Societies of |
Georgia, and North Carolina.
The State Agricultural Society convenes
at the same time and place.
O’ The bill providing for the Retrocession
of Alexandria to Virginia, which had previ
ously passed the House of Representatives,
passed the Senate on Tuesday, by the decisive
Vote of 32 to 14.
0“ We were ill expectation of receiving
by mail yesterday morning, the regular and
volunteer toasts given at the 4th of July cele
bration at Stone Mountain. lu this we were
disappointed. As we were however, one, of
at least three thousand live hundred persons
present on the occasion, we lake pleasure in
speaking of some incidents of the day, and
of other objects which gave interest to our
visit.
We had extended our excursion to Marietta,
and came to the Slone Mountain from that
direction on the morning of the 4th, on an
extra train of cars, so long and so crowded
with passengers, that the engine, though a
powerful one, seemed to labor like an over
tasked horse, and moved along at a very slow
rate for a portion of the time. The morning
was showery, and unpropitious, but it did not
repress the ardor of the Mountain population,
for they crowded at all the villages and sta
tions along the line, eager to unite in the
great jubilee of our nation. It seemed, at the
same time, a union of the pious fervor which
I prompts the religious devotee in a pilgrim
age to some honored shrine, and the gaiety
which inspires the votary of pleasure on a
festive holiday. There was a full represen
tation of all classes of society, all interests
and pursuits. The ladies were present it.i
great force , both as regards numbers and
beauty. To their presence, in part, may bo
attributed the remarkable order and propriety
that reigned amidst that large collection. Not
an incident occurred to mar the enjoyment,
or to shock the feelings. No loud cursing,
quarreling, or shouting, no appearance of
drunkenness offended the most fastidious
sense of decorum. But one noisy and
drunken man was seen. This was towards
the close of the day, or at least just before
the cars took their departure at 5 o’clock.
He was of course a conspicuous object, and
the general theme of comment. Liquor was
not introduced by Mr. Graves, who had the
general conduct of theaffair, and furnished
the dinner. But we do not attribute the uni
versal sobriety that marked the occasion to
the want of the means of becoming intoxica
ted, for this was not the case. We under
stood that it was for sale on the ground, and
each visitor could bring his private supplies.
We had the most satisfactory evidence of the
latter fact. But the occasion illustrated in
the most signal manner the great progress of
the temperance reform among us. It has
conferred unnumbered blessings upon our
country, and its healthful influences are ex
tending in every direction. Fifteen years
ago* it would have been impossible for so
large a mass to have been assembled, with
out numerous scenes of disorder, and perhaps
of bloodshed and murder.
We heard a person remark, that could
Mexican statesmen have a view o! those fine
athletic specimens of American citizens, it
would incline their hearts to negotiation. We
think if the down-trodden citizens of Mexico
cwild contemplate the moral spectacle of a
hardy, virtuous and thriving population, re
joicing in the light of freedom, and in the
proud consciousness of self-government, it
would be a serious blow to that oppressive
Military domination which is withering the
energies of that country so blessed by heaven,
and so cursed by the bad passions of man.
The ceremonies of the day consisted of a
prayer by Rev. Ur. Means, which was truly
beautiful and impressive. The Declaration
of Independence was read by Col. Calhoun,
of Decatur, who prefaced it with a very sen
sible speech, well delivered, and containing
many practical and patriotic sentiments.
He drew a glowing contrast between the
blessings we enjoy, and the degrading vas
salage under which so large a portion of the
human race groan, even in countries which
boast of their civilization and refinement.
I his we owe, not more to the untiring
bravery of our revolutionary heroes, than to
the enlightened political forecast and wisdom
of our revolutionary sages.
The Oration of Dr. Wright was very cre
ditable to him as a writer and oraior. He
lUily realized the anticipations of his friends,
and won the approbation of his entire audi
ence. His review of the causes which led
to the Revolution, was graphic, condensed
and true; his eulogies of the patriotic men to
whom we are indebted for its successful issue,
glowed with enthusiasm, and his exhortation
to cling to our constitution under which this
nation has so much prospered, was urged
| with ability and strengthened hy illustrations
of the blessings it has conferred,
i ALer the oration,addresses weredclivered,
at the call of the assembly, by the following
guests in attendance: Judge W. C. Dawson,
Gen. Hansell of Marietta, and Hon. Charles
Murphy of DeKalb. We did not hear them,
but understood that they were creditable to
, the speakers and w'ere well received. They
j touched upon a theme that met with a -arm
! response. This was the happy, social influ
j ence to be wrought by means of our rail road
enterprizes, which have united so many dis
tant parts oi our Stale, and which are making
the inhabitants of the mountains, the plains
; and ihe seaboard, friends and neighbors.
After an abundant and substantial dinner,
in barbacue style, hundreds betook them
selves to the Stone Mountain, the base of
which is about three-fourths of a mile from
the depot. At this point there are two hotels,
i which, in due time, will be much resorted to,
i as this great and wonderful freak of nature is
every succeeding year attracting additional
crowds. They offer in addition, the attrac
tions of a pure climate, good water and good
fare.
We ascended the mountain late in the af
ternoon, and found no difficulty in reaching
the top and returning on horseback. The
long train of pedestrians, winding along the
path as seen from below, occasionally hid
from view,and again emerging tosight, as they