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tub constitutionalist.
JAMES GARDNER, JR.
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[From the iV. (J. Delta, j
Further Particulars oi Hie D.sgrace
tui iliot among the Georgia v uluu
teers.
'J ne .subjoined letter is from a source wno-e
statements may be relied on It wil be seen
that a thorough investigation into the origin :
ot this di«gracetui ahd tatai Conflict wil. be i
instituted, and we do hope that tor the Honor j
ol the country, toe cnaracler ot toe service, :
and as an example lor others; Hie guilty win |
be visiled wall condign pun si.meat
HEADQUARTERS Ist DKIo .CD DIVISION,
» amp i .iliersoit, tv pi. i, 1848. } 1
Editors of the Delia:
Gentlemen—To guard against exagge
rated reports ot a mo.-i paiioui and melan
choly occurrence, winch iran.-p.red at this
post lasi evening, and with a view oi inmart
ing correct iiiiormation to Hio-e woo have
Inends in either ot toe regimen s interested.
1 have deemed it the part oi prudence to nd
dress you the loilowing statement ot lacts, I
which can he relied upon as being sincliy i
Correct.
The steamer Corvette lay at toe landing
last evening, taking in the remaining com- ;
panics ol toe ueo>gia Regiment ol Vofun- j
leers fur Gamargo. About iiall-pasl Bin the !
evening, a most disgraceful and violent en- |
c muter took place between two companies at- |
tached to the Georgia Regiment, on Hie boat j
—the Jasper Greens, commanded by Capt.
J. McMahan, and Kinesaw Rangers. Tne
melee was kept up lor over hall an oour be
tween these two companies, iu wlncii itiey 1
generally engaged on hoi At side.-, doing all the ;
injury tliey could w illi guns, knives and !
clubs. Gen. ISbie ds was absent at Matamo- \
ros, winch left Col E D Baker in command 1
of this Brigade. His encampment was im
mediately opposite tue boat about a ttiiid ot
a mile from me uank of the river. He had
just relumed with a company ot his regimen*
from the burial ol one ol their number, and
hearing the not still progressing on the boat
lie ordered tins company and one other to
follow him to the boat, with a view of quel
ling il. in his attempting to do so, one ol
the officers attached to the Georgia com
panies engaged in the melee, at once attack
ed him with his sword. They had been en
gaged but a lew moments, when some cow
ardly villain among* the rioters fired a pistol
as him, winch pa-sed through the thick pari
ot his neck from behind into ins mmnli knock
ing out one ol Ins teem. Such is the report
to me this morning, trom the Assistant Sur
geon of his regiment. The wound is not
this morning considered mortal, alluough las*
evening 1 did not suppose lie would be alive
ut this time. He is more comfortable than
could be expected, and we now eirer.am no
doiib* but w hat he wil* recover. In addition to
Col. Baker,('apt. Roberts was slightly wound
ed bv a pistol shot. Capt. Post, Acting Com
missary, slightly wounded. Sergeant Helm,
of Company C. badly wounded—a ball pass
ing directly through Ins body. Corporal dr
eary slightly wounded. Private Dillon mortal
ly wounded with a bayonet —he probably will
not live tbe day out. Privates H. Marton,
Stewart, Shepherd and Lee, all slightly woun
ded. This constitutes, as tar as can be as
certained, ail who were wounded in the 3d
Regiment of Illinois Volunteers) and who
acted under the command ot Col. Baker, in
the effort to suppress this disgraceful and un
pardonable not. How many are killed and
wounded among the two companies who w’ere
engaged in the riot on the Corvette, I cannot
ascertain with sufficient certainly to venture
any statements. But one body lias as yet
been seen by me, and several are said to have
floated down the river, that were knocked
overboard during the tight. Ihe cause ot it
was easily ascertained: whiskey was at the
bottom of the whole of it. The Jasper Greens
was an Irish company, from Savannah—the
other, a company of Americans.
A meeting ol the .Field and Slafl Officers
of the two Mmols Regiments, and one
Indiana Regiment, who also had some men
on the ground, had been called, to meet
at these quarters this morning at 7 o’clock, j
when, without doubt, a court of inquiry |
will be organized, and a rigid investiga- j
lion be had. The boat has been detained i
with the Georgians on board, and will remain
here until the investigation is over, and the
course to be pursued with the rioters deter
mined upon. A strict guard was kept up
during the night, although some of the noters !
escaped previous to the guard being s ationed. ;
Dr. Wood and Dr. Boat, of the Indiana
Brigade, attended Col. Baker during the
whole night,to whom his Inends are greatly
indebted for their kindness and attention.
Yours, with regard, D.
P. S.—l open this to say that it ha- just
been reported to me that the man who shot
Col. Baker teas been discovered, and that the
commanding officer ot the Ge- rgia Regiment
stands read} to surrender bun.
THE RAIL HOADS.
By reference to me rales of freight of the
Georgia and Western and Atlantic Rail
Roads, it will be seen that me < *»sl ol trans- ;
porlation.on all articles ot importance to
Cnerokee Georgia, has been greatly reduced, j
We would call the attention of merchants in j
Cobb and Carroll, especially to the rr duciion
made between Atlanta and Marietta. The
rales heretofore existing have dn\en much ol !
the bu-mess, which could have been most
conveniently transacted in our village, to !
other places. Os course, it will now be to
the interest of our Inends to enjoy the advan
tages ot their local ions.
Taking into consideration the relative dis
tances between Atlanta and Savannah, and
Atlanta and Charleston, by Rail Road, there
appears but little diflerence, in me cost of
transportation to me seaport of Georgia, and
that ot S Carolina, All the inconvenience
arising from the transfer ot freight from the
Georgia to the Carolina Road at Augusta,
exists between the Macon and Western, and
Ihe Central Road at Macon. So that Cliar.es
lon having so much the start of our seaport
will keep its advantage, if the enterprtze of
Savannah and Macon is exhausted.
It appears to our limited experience, that
the cost of transportation ot the Central
Route might be advantageously le-s ncd. by
reducing the rates of freight, and by comple
ting the junction at Macon. U e are much
deceived if that route can secure any thing
like an equal share of the patronage of this
country and the West, with the inducements
h now offers. —Marietta Advocate
j
[From the Washington Union.]
WHAT NEXT?
We copy the billowing most remarkable
passage trum an article in the New York
| Courier and Enquirer of yesterday on the \
| war with Mexico, and we ask for it the spe
cial attention of our readers. As a revela-
I tion of whig views, made deliberately by the
j leading w ing journal of New York, it is aliu-
I get her iiutew on hv ;
“We cannot look further into futurity than
others; but we venture to pTdict, mat there
is to be more fighting before we have a peace
j with Mex co, and that no American army
w ill ever reach the city ot Mexico Ha Mon
terey. We mu>l conquer a peace by march
ing lotlie capital from ihe sea-coast; and this
can be done; or we imi-t purcha-e a peace by
! giving Saina Ana and Ins friends a tew mil- i
| imns l<>r meir private use.
"‘Under any circumstances ice look forward i
to a large national debt; and il tbe whole as- i
fair shou d be brought to a close, and Cali
! foin a and northern Mexico be annexed, with
' a w ell-defined boundary to the shores of ihe
■ Pacific, we shall not regret the amount of the \
drhl Experience has shown, that a nation- |
: AL DEBT IS TO US NO INJURY. Ail our dll- |
i iicuities have arisen since ihe payment of the
: last debt; and if, as all wdl admit, stability
in our Legislation he ai -important tor our
piospemy, a national debt is doubtless
I NECESSARY GIVE US A NATIONAL DEBT OF
' A HUNDRED AND FIFTY MILLIONS, and the
I wants ot the treasury wi l in.-ure us a staole
| tariff :or revenue , wiiicii will give us all the !
i protection that can be de-ired—not (he tariff
' of 1842, but one of a discrun nating charac- |
i ter based upon -pecifi dmiesand mmimums,
| irith the rates if duties hut little if any higher,
! than the new larif of Mr. Walker. ISucli a
I tariff, permanently e.-tab .shed, would be
! worth to the country all ot a hundred and
: fifty million.'; and we, therefore, look forward
to belter times and to greater national pros
perity, growing nt ol ibis ar with Mexico,
and the debt it wnl leave upon the country
li is death lo all free-trade notions and to
i tne present tariff; and as the money is spent
j among our own citizen.', vve do not perceive
how the continuation ot tins war can, in any j
' way affect the national prosperity or inju-e
the money market and business generally.
Ultimately it will do good in 'be manner we
have mentioned, and vve are willing to per mil
the administration to have its own way."
We lay out ot view, as nnwortny of con
sideration, the conjectures about the opera
tions of Hie war and its result. But vve call
i attention to me loilowing articles of the
i whig creed as here plainly set forth :
Ist. “A national debt is doubtless neces-
I sary.
; 2d. To be fully useful, such ad bt should
| amount to “ one hundred and fifty millions.”
; 3d The tariff wanted by me wings is a
I tar ts of specific dunes and mini mums , with
1 about the same rales if duly as the tariff' of
\ 1848 !
4th. The whigs confess that the war with
! Mexico will increase the “national pros
j periiy.”
And sth. For these reasons the Courier i
i “wnlmg to permit the administration lo have
its own way ”
The “ way” of the administration, we
hazard little in saying, will not lead to the
results so much desired by i lie Courier. Far
from it. But it is worth while for the peo
i pie to consider what are the blessings (?)
j which according lo iheir own avowal, Hie
i whigs would secure for tin* country, if they
i had the power—a national debt of fjjfloU.OOO,-
; OUO to buy us a tariff of specific duties and
minimums! Long live the policy of the
whigs. And meanwhile, let us rejoice that
the whigs (eel that they no longer need trou
ble themselves to get up a tariff panic.
[From the New York Globe.]
DUTIES ON WINE.
The Globe of yesterday has t he following:
“Look, 100, at the injustice practiced under
j Mr. Clay’s Tariff. Cosily Madeira wines
i pay but 5| per cent; under Mr. Walker’s
bill they will pay 40 per cent?
Is not this atrocious? Time and again has
the fact been shown that Madeira wines are
charged sixty cents per gallon by the Banff
; 01 ’42 (fully equal to forty per cent.,) and
that the practical reduction to rive or six per
cent, was made by a Ltocofuco Secretary of the
Treasury overselling this clause of the Tariff
f/’42, and culling down the duly lo six or
eight cenls per gallon in defiance of it. All
ttiis lias been stated over and again; nobody
! is so brazen as locomradict it; yet The Globe
j does not hesitate to lie H down as above.
; Wiat can be Hie hope »»t diffusing correct
; views with regard to a great public question,
1 when they are assaued with such falsehoods
as the above? — Tribune.
j The Tribune's charge of ‘falsehood’ will
net answer. We staled a fact which even
I that paper does not attempt to deny, that cost
; ly Madeira wines under Mr. Clay’s Tariff
pa\ hut 64; per cent, while cheap Canary
1 wines made use of aituosl entirely by Hie
poorer classes pay 158 per cent. 1 lie *n
bune mu.'l n**t blame any one for this but
Mr. Ciay and his friends II they blundered
lino a wrong, in drawing up their bungling
biil ol abominations, they must nut biame
; Geo. M. Bibb, the late Secretary ot Hie Trea
; suiy, (wlio came from Clay’s own Slate) tor
; correcting their blunders, it a duly ol 00
cents a gallon, equal to 40 per cent, was
charged upon Madena atul oilier wines of
Portugal, why were the costly champaign
wine.- ot France annulled w ith a nominal duiy
1 ol only 13 per cent., while the cheap Sicuy
wines were charged 5U per cent? Mr. Bibb
j did just exactly wiiat Mr. Greely himself
i would have done hud ho been Secretary ot
| tne Treasurv —that is, made the Tariff law
! correspond with existing treaties.
Bv thethirn article of live treaty between |
i Portugal and the United Slates, concluded j
’ on tue"29th ol August, 1840, it is express)}
tHpu aied that, ‘no higher or other duties shall
be imposed on the importations into tue Lul
led States nt any amcle he growth, produce
or mauulaeture ol the kingdom anu pusses
j siotis ol Portugal, than such as are or snail
be payable on . the like articles being the
growth, produce or mauulaeture ol any other
foreign country
’1 Ins is clear enough and easily understood,
but not withstanding tins treat}, wines ol
France, Austria, *Xc. were admitted at 7£
i cents per gal on.at d Mr. iiibh had no discre
| lion in the matter. He was ob iged to admit
ihe wines of Portugal ai me same rates. —
Was lie not, Mr. Tribune. It so, call not our
i statement ‘atrocious.’ But wniie you at
tempted to explain about the low duties on j
co.'tly Madeira wines, what have you to say
aoout the low duties on expensive champaign
wines paying under Mr. Clay’s Tariff but 13
per cent. What about the still mure expen
sive Burgandy, paying but per cent. Or
the yet more costiy port, but 10 per cent., j
while the cheap claret and sweet v\ n*** 1
which poor plebeians drink, pay 50. 70 and
100 per cent.,and some even more. Is thio
also owing lo a ‘Locofoco Secretary of the
Treasury.’ No, no, there stands the fact
staring us full in the face, and Mr. Greely
; must make the most of it.
| That there may be no cavilling about the
1 facts, we will give tiie actual quantity of two
: classes of wines and wiilgiveall if necessa
ry. In the year 1845 there were imported
j and consumed in this country, of champagne
99.422, valued at §297.202, duty 40 cents
per gallon. Amount of duty §39,768, 80 or
just Iper cent.
There were imported during the same year |
cheap C a ret wines, in buttle*; 39.740 gallons j
—cost, §30,081; duly, 35 cents per ga Ion; !
amount of duty, §13.909, or just 45J- per ;
cent.; and the still lower Canary wines ac- |
tnaily paid a duty of 158 per cent.!! It is j
such a Tariff. .Mr. Tribune, not our state- j
tneut, which must receive your appellation of ;
‘atrocious.’
All tlie-e wines, under Mr. Walker’s new i
bfil, pay 40 per cent.; mj if the poor man de- j
sire* a cheap but respectable class of wine, :
costing §1 gall >n, he knows that lie pays a |
duty of 40 cents ; while if the gormandizer
I and luxurious liver desires to swat o'.v Ins rich
I Madeira, champagne and Burgundy, costing
; §0 tne gallon, he must pay a duty upon it of
i §2 40. The injustice of Mr. Clay’s old Ta
| riff, and the injustice of Mr. Wa ker’a new |
bili, are tints seen at a glance.
This parallel, lei it be understood.does not j
; lin'd good in reference to wines only, but |
| upon almost every article consumed the same \
i wide difference exists—Mr. Clay taxing ar- |
! tide ot luxury but little, and articles ot ne- i
I cessity ‘atrociously,’ while bv Mr. Wa'ker’s i
bill everything is taxed according to its ac- j
tnal value. If it costs but little, it pays but i
a small amount of duty; it costing high, and j
used almost exclusively by the wealth the i
amount of duty is large. Which is the just 1
Tariff?
[From the Federal Union ]
j MR. STEPHENS AND HIS ENDORSERS.
“vVe envy not the feelings ol any <>ne, be
j he Wi ig or Democrat who, re iew ing his |
I | Mr. Sieplien-] course, can look with aught |
I hut pride and admiration to the dignified and |
i elevated stand which our immediate retire- !
! sentative has assumed in Congress. And ■
i we are happy to say, that we know that with j
i unusual unanimity his constituents so ap- |
preciate him.”
ouch was the language of the Southern
Recorder, in announcing Mr. Stephens’ ac
ceptance of his nomination. That. Journal
for ought we know, may have a carte, blanche 1
to feet for and express the “feeling*” ot its |
party, but as the Democracy have never |
conceded to it the privilege, they enter their :
demurrer whenever it is assumed. Our
neighbor, who makes some pretensions to |
philological lore, may have some definition j
ot his own, nl the vv rd “dignified,” but when !
applied to a politician—a statesman, we have
supposed mat consistency constituted one of
its prominent, ingredients. The ‘=land’ of a
changeling politician m democratic parlance
is about as undignified, as that of the
Frenchman’s flea, who was not there when
tie put his linger upon him. Now the whole
political life of Mr. Stephens has been but a
tissue of inconsistencies. He h,v boasted :
, that he was a nullirier, that he learned ins j
lessons I nun the Prestons, Haynes, and I
Hamilton*, of South Carolina, and of course j
that witn the latter, he was prepared with j
him to “go the death for ins sugar.” A pro- |
leefive tariff in Ins estimation was a national !
curse, so heavy, that it must be resisted even j
at Ine iiaz rd of civil war, and the dissolution !
of our gloi ions Union. But a “change came
o’er the spirit ot his dream,” and in 1846 tic
; voted against the repeal of the protective
tariff ol 1842.
A tew years since at a public dinner in
his own county he gave the following toast.
“Henry Clay and Man in Vanßuren: when
the strife is between Catsar and Pompey,
patriots should rally to Hie standard of nei
i ther.”
But soon a “change came o’er the spirit, ol
| his dream,” and in 1844. obedient lo the \
; voice of Cffisar, he unfurled the standard of
| that chieftain, and was first among tiie fore- j
most in proclaiming him the “patriot” who
alone was entitled to tiie confidence of the
sons of Georgia.
Bui again, in that ever memorable cam
paign, when tiie naked question ot Texas
annexation was an issue before the Ameri
can people, and that too disconnected with
Tyler’s treaty or any oilier mode of effecting
it, true to the course of his chieftain, every I
slump which lie mounted, and they were not
I tew, nor far between, can testify to hi.- un |
tiring zeai, by declamation, ridicule, sneers )
j and argument, to sustain tiie views ot his I
j party on this great question of the day. But
j ins party was deleated, and now “another
i change came o’er the spirit of his dream.”
In January 1845. he voted for the annexation
We ought here allude lo oilier instances ol j
tergiversation in the political career of Mr. |
•Stephens—to Ins cours- on the subject of a
National Bank, and indeed upon all iheques- i
; lions connected with his once cherished
; principles of constiiioual construction. But
1 we forbear. Enough lias been said to cast ail
i the light we care lo throw upon his “dignified
1 and elevated stand.”
It is not however on account of Ins politi
i cai inconsistencies aione, that tne democra
; cy refuse to render him the homage, which
■ tiie Recorder with such generous confidence
| exacts. It is no detraction from his merit in
tiieir view , ina' he boldly and zealously main
tains the principles of his party, but they
; cannot apply to him the epithet ot “dignified,”
even il they should thereby subject them
seives to the reproaches ot our cotemporary,
when they see him leave that “stand, and
at a period when the country was involved
in a war with Mexico and regarded one as
not improbable with England, become the
apologist for Mexico, and by a course ot
argument as untenable as it was loomed,
endeavor to ascribe the war to the
uimistration «>1 ms own government, and c<»n
--j sequent ly d.umnsh the confidence of the peo
ple in their rulers. It is possible that vvuigs
“may look upon that ‘stand with pride and
admiration,” but it they do, it is certain, the
democracy do “not envy them their feelings. '
[D’At our (Superior Court last week Judge
iliil pr. siding, Mr. \V m. Harris of this coun
t\, arraigned tor the murder ot a Mr. Mc-
Collum last spring, was condemned to be
hung on Friday the 2d October next, it was
shown by the testimony, that be killed the
deceased, by a blow upon the bead with a
stick, weighing, it is said, about 12 pounds. |
Some eff >rts are being made to get signatures
to a petition lobe sent on lo tiie Governor, i
tor his pardon, or to obtain a respite ot the |
sentence until the meeting ofthe Legislature.
Georgia Banner.
GEO., ~ |
| FRIDAY MORNING. SEPT. 13. 1816.
DEMOCRATIC NOMINATIONS
FOR CONGRESS.
Ist District—S. Cohen, Esq,
2d do. Hon. A. Iverson.
3d do. Hon. G. \V. T ovvs.
4th do. Hon. H. A. Haralson.
slh do. Hon. J. H. Lumpkin.
tith do. Hon. H. Cobb.
7th do. Wm. Turner, Esq.
Bth do. R. \V. Flournoy-, Esq.
O'We have given the suggestion of “C.”
; relative to the issue of a paper on Sunday
I morning, much serious consideration. For |
I months past, we have been mortified at the \
i necessity of keeping our employees hard at j
I work during tiie Sabba h, in order to have |
I our paper out the next morning. Tiie sound
'■ ofthe Press must have, been during that pe- \
i . :
' riod, discordant to tiie ears of liiose passing .
by our door to and from church on the Sab- j
bath. We have not ourself been as much of i
a church-goer as w e ought to have been, even |
when perfectly at leisure; but however in-
I dined to be so, since we have been editing a
i paper, we have spent most of our Sunday’s
1 writing editorials and correcting proofs, and
' in attending to other office matters.
It would be very agreeable to us to adopt
j the suggestion of “C.”aiul shall do so, if we j
| find on inquiry, that it will suit our sub-cri- i
i bers. Our workmen are anxious for it. The '
i
i paper cau always be worked off before twelve
j o’clock on Saturday night. The distribution
of it next morning, would be a small matter
in violation of the Sabbath, compared to the
present system.
O“Mr. Toombs lettter, addressed to The
| Columbus Times, shall appear in our next.
D°We return our acknowledgements to
| the “Hamburg Journal,” for its good w -lies
i in behalf of our contemplated daily paper.
(JITThe remark is classic: “In wine there
! is truth.” Yet our neighbor ofthe Chronicle,
and ourself, are so tar apart in our figures on
1 that topic, that it would seem difficult for us
1 to verify the adage in a manner satisfactory
| to both. As we are never disposed to be
quarrelsome, whether over a single bottle, or
! a whole year’s importa* ion ofthe entire coun
j try, we will refer, in perfect good humor, to
! the Tribune and the Globe, who are disenss
i ing the same topic. VVe copy tln ir st itemon s
in another column, in reply to the Chronicle
of Wednesday morning. From these, it w ill
appear that, though the duty on Madeira
Wine was 60 cents per gallon, by tiie tariff'
of 1842, yet under the treaty ot reciprocity
with Portugal, the du'y levied was only
cents. The tallies we quoted, therefore, were
j correct. We rind this, by reference to tiie An
nual Report ol the Secretary of tiie Treasury,
| to tiie last Congress, page 36, under the head,
! “Statement ofquantity, value and duty on the
! imports of the year ending 30lli June, 1845,
j together with an estimated rate of 20, 25 and
j 30 per cent, giving each articie in detail.”
We give tiie quantity, value, rate of duty,
and equivalent ad valorem.
Quantity. Value. Rate of duty. Equivalent 10.
Madeira, HU 17b 145,237 7i cts. 5,a2 per cent.
Sherry, 23,616 38,289 tin “ 37 b 0
Canary, 1,778 672 60 “ 158.75
It is not necessary to continue the enu
meration. These three first items furnish
proof, that the wines used by the rich are,
under tiie tariff of 1842, taxed moderately,
| while those used hy tiie poor, are taxed al
most to prohibition. We suppose this is from
! a kind regard for their morals, by the whig*.
It is in illustration of their principle: “Let
tiie government take care of the rich, and tiie
rich will take care of the poor.”
But the Chronicle says, “since writing the
above, we have seen the average foreign price
of Madeira wine, as stated by tiie Secretary
] of the Treasury, to be §1,20 cents per gallon.
This, at 60 cents duty per gallon, is 50 per
! cent. Thus it will be seen, that the duty
under the act of 1842, is ten per cent m<>re
than it is under the act of 1846, it being 40
per cent under that act.”
Very true statement, but very false deduc
tion. This illustrates the operation of spe
| cifics against the poor, in the act of 1842,
1 and the superior justice of ad rnlnrems , in
the acf of 1846. Costly Madeira wines.and
cheap wines, pay the same duty per gallon,
under the act of 1842, and the a erage duty
would thus have been 50 percent, perhaps,
but for the treaty. But the naboh, who dra' k
his §6 per gallon wine, wou d thus by tiie
specific duty, pay on y 10 per cent. The
poor man, who drank wine at §I.OO to §1,20
cents per gallon, would pay 50 lo 60 per cent.
As to the duty on distilled spirits, stated
to he 644 per cent., our statement of the duty
was derived from a table prepared by the cor
respondent of the New York Evening Post,
published by us 21st August last. These
were only estimates of specific duties under
the tariff’ of 1842, reduced to ad valorem?
Though generally correct, in one item,
“spirits di-t filed from materials other than
grain,” there is a considerable error. This
must probably is a typograph cal error We
give however the tabie published by the Re
port of the Commit ee of Way- and Means
in 1844:
Spirits. Quantity. Value. Rate of duty. Equivalent to.
Gallons. $ $ £
Brandy, 191.8-2 106,267 1.00 160.52 per cent.
From Grain 239, 29 121,347 61.97 132.11 “
" othet ) 135 3g9 32 095 ei.97 £61.43 “
materials 3 ’
These statements are ol importations from
Oct. Ist, 1842 to June 30th, 1843.
Tiie report of ibe Secretary of the J rea
sury tor 1845 furnibhes the following returns: ]
Importations from June 30th, 1844 to July
1 Ist, 1345.
Spirits. Quantity. Value. Rate of duly. Equ.valent to.
! Br inly. ST4 819 5 340 LUO 13..94 per cent.
| FromGrain6o6,31 1 26-,e43 0 ...
i •• t> ,l »’r < 434 78,937 61.78 211.64
materials ) ' ... i
The Chronicle says : ‘We do not pretend
lo deny that the tariff' of 1846, made a
; considerable reduction of duties. That we
i admit, and that is the error which its friends
have committed!’ Mark that, voter* ol
Georgia.
Remember it, voters of the B>ii Congres
sional district. And if you desire an in
crease of taxes, and that too on articles that
! are chiefly consumed by Hie poor, vote for
; the Honorable Robert Toombs. He will re
store to you the tariff of 1842.
We do not charge that me Whigs tax ne
cessaries of li e —articles which the poor a*
well as the rich must have, tor the sake ol
1 taxing the poor. But we ahedge that in
their unjustifiable solicitude to take care ol
| the manufacturing interest, the American m
| dustry astuey call it, they impose heavy du
! ties on those articles, regardless of all other
| interests.
RAIL ROAD IMPROVEMENTS, AND FAIR
COMPETITION,
i Se!fi*hness often detents its ow n ends. ■
i An unjust spirit ot monopoly, seeking lo ren- ,
| dor great interests tributary to local and sec- |
j tional views, will often provoke oppositions I
and create difficulties, desi ruclive ot the best j
: laid schemes of selti*b aggrandiz>un nt.
It would seem, by tiie following extract j
from the Alabama Journal, that tiie people of
that Slate are justly indignant at the preten
sions ot a selfish combination m Georgia, w ho
i seek lo make that State a mere cal spa to, for
I their own purposes. Alabama, at the last
I session of her legislature, went upon the li-
I beral principle, of allowing to her citizens
as many outlets as they wished, with a free
choice of markets. Site cut off her own sea
port by granting a charter across the State to
Hie Mississippi—she granted charters, ai.*o,
| from Columbus to Montgomery, and lo |
j
j Blakely, to the evident injury ol both her j
capital ami sea-port, if these roads should be |
built. In this legislation, Alabama went ;
upon tiie principle of legislating lor ner peo
ple, without regard to local interests. Si.e j
was not responded to by a reciprocal spirit j
of liberality. Whilst thus engaged in offer
ing tins liberal intercourse with cotton Stall's,
Georgia actually refused to permit a connec- j
tion with the principal improvement of Ala- j
bama, by which her people were denied the
only outlet on winch they set much value.
{Extract from the Alabama Journal .]
j “S lice me disp-ay ol libuera ity, at the
i last session of tiie Georgia Legi-lat.ure—re
| fusing a charter Horn Atlanta lo West Point—
I tne people ot Alabama, with a tew excep
■ Mons, am extremely indisposed to have any
j thing so do vvnb a comp;.uv, or set ol compa
-1 nies, which, by legislative log-rolling, de
j layed the completion of a route in winch
1 they are deeply nneiested
We hope the people of Columbus will build i
| their Baruesviiie road, and that it may prove j
I advantageous to their city, and profitable to 1
1 the Sim kholders. But when they seek to '•
magnify ns pro*pects, by the representation
that they can at their option,connect with the ,
Montgomery road, or bund a road direct to !
Blakely, tliev are deceiving tiie public. The :
Montgomery road lias the exclusive right for j
fiftv tears, of connecting the waters ol the ;
Chattahoochee and Alabama by Rail Road. I
Ti e charter on which the Columbus agiia- I
tors depend, is not worth a straw, because il I
assumes to convey rights, which had been
nreviously conveyed lo another company.
Whoever takes stock in the Barnesviile road,
on the supposition that it will, form any part
of tiie great travelling route, for at least fifty
vears to come, will find themselves as badly
swindled, as the farming community round
about Columbus, have repeatedly been by
tiie Banking concerns of that city.”
We have nothing to do with tti e legal ques
tion presented, or with the justice of tiie
strictures contained in the above article, of |
which we have given an extract; but we have
ever considered the refusal of the charter,
to which tlie Journal refers, as extremely
discreditable to the S ate, and of which all
parties and al! interests engaged mil should
be heartily ashamed.
It will be recollected, that, at the last ses
sion of the legislature, an application was
made, by an Independent Company, (not by
the Georgia Rail Road, as has been often i
("alselv alledged) for a charter to build a Rail j
Road from West Point, to some point on the j
Monroe road,or to Atlanta, and tiiat this appli- !
I cation was de eated, by t mere selfish combi- j
j nation, which had no regard to justice or prin- j
I ciple, or the general interests of tiie .Sate, i
i The pretence lor tins injustice was, that if fa
|* ‘ j
i cilities be allowed to tiie Western, and South- ;
; western countles, and tiie Eastern part of i
; Alabama, to br ng their produce to Atlanta,
| they might be tempted y the better tinrkets :
! of Augus-aand Charleston, an J diverted from j
| ihe Centra! fine of rail-road, and our own sea- !
! port. Now, when produce has arrived at i
Atlanta, it is nearer to the port of Savannah, j
than to any oilier. Why then, this fear, that !
this diversion should take place? Is il not
that the markets of Augusta and Charleston
1 are belter? This whole matter is at once |
: fc-ettled, by tiie simple proposition ; if a j
portion if our citizens prefer the market of |
Augusta , or even of Charleston , il is because
they find il their interest to do so. To deny |
them the privilege of this choice of markets , is
evidently to tax them, for the. benefit of others ,
to the amount they Lose for the want of this
privilege.
Why then deny this choice of markets to
i the Western Counties north of tiie Pine
j Mountain ? Why deny this increase of use
: fulness and profit lo the Slate mad, in which '
all our citizens are interested ? Why deny |
to our Cherokee country, and all our north ;
i western counties tins additional and valua
j dip provision market of a cotton country ? j
Why deny this outlet to the south west, lor j
j the heavy travel and trade naturally belong- >
ing to one of Georgia’s principal improve
ments,— the Georgia rail road 7 The an
swer this combination would give, is, I lie
latier is an “ anti-Georgian interest, because
leading to Charleston ” Yes, branded as an
anti-Georgian interest, by a meeting at Co
lumbus which had invited a connection with
it. ! ! Denounced as an anti-Georgian inter
est, by Columbus whose only seaport is in
another State !! ! And to cap the climax of
inconsistency, subscriptions are invited to the
Bartlesville branch to Columbus, because
among other advantages, it will give them
the nearest connection with Charleston !I!!
Selfishness is often ticonsistant, but here it
L, made absolutely ridiculous.
When our planters get the best price for
their produce, it is to them a matter of no
practical consequence w hat becomes of it
afterwards. When they purchase their sup
plies at the cheapest rate, they care but. little
where it is purchased. This is the principle
practised >y ail, and if oar rail roads and cities
wish patronage, let them offer superior advan
tages, and not ask to be sustained by mono
poly, at the expense of the people.
We have not now space to enlarge on the
subject, even if inclined to do so. Our princi
pal object is to say a few words to our fellow
citizens of Savannah, and particularly to the
commercial class ol that city, We have
thus hastily touched principles. Now for
a few facts.
We look hack to the last monthly state
ment of receipts and exports of Cotton for
Savannah for the month previous to the Ist
instant, and what do we find there ?
cotton. bales.
Arrived since the Ist ol August, upland, 7,151
Foil) Augusta and landings, 5,853
By Kail Road, 1,3''l
The exports for the same period have been :
To Liverpool, upland, - - 3,901
“ “ t>ea Island, - - 8
“ Boston, upland, ... 262
“ Charleston, &c., upland, 107
“ ** t>ca Island, 1
Here we find about five times as much C< l
ton sent to Savannah by the boats from
Augusta, as was sen; in the same month
by the Central rail road ; and all know that
much the largest portion of that Cotton was
brought to Augusta by the Georgia rail mad!
We w onlda-k our fellow citizens ol Savan
nah if they do not depend too exclusively
upon the Central rail road for their prosperi
ty? That, is* a valuable work to them in its
place; but are they consulting their own in
terest in warring against Augusta and its
connecting improvements ? A large porta n
of middle and north western Georgia cannot
be reached by them through any oilier chan
nel, than the river and the Georgia rail mad.
No rail road can compete witii the river in the
transportation of heavy articles. Goods and
produce we believe can now be carried be
tween Atlanta and Savannah, from 10 to 25
percent cheaper liy the river, and the Georgia
rail road, than they can he carried by the
other line. For information on this head
we refer them to the rates ol I might as pnb
! lished bv the two lines. We would say then,
let our friends of Savannah be le&s wrapt up
in one improvement, but make the best of
: all. Let them join Augusta in improving
the river for perpetual navigation, and cease
a policy that may ultimately cut oft" one of
I the most important branches of their trade.
Let Savannah look back to her past histo
-1 rv, and contemplate tire effect ol a ciose and
i intimate connection with Augusta. When
1 this intercourse between the two cities was
i greatest, Savannah was most prosperous.
When Savannah shall have succeeded in
throwing obstacles in the way of the trade
and intercourse of Augusta with the upper
and western country and thus crippled the
latter, she will have inflicted a mortal blow
upon herself. It will be the worst species of
suicide. It will be the blow aimed at
another, recoiling with fatal effect upon the
i assailant. Let not Savannah be afraid to
j Augusta prosper. Lot her not be alarm
; ed at the progress of her connecting lines
I ol intercourse with oilier Stales. It is her
j interest on the contrary to aid in their ex
tension, for Augusta cannot prosper without
sharing with Savannah the benefits of that
prosperity, though unkind jealousies and op
position may alienate feeling and divert
trade to quarters where no such opposit.on is
I encountered.
When we returned from Milledgeville at
the end ol the last session, we published the
j lollowing remarks in an editorial of Dec.
I 23id, 1545 :
‘•We think that an unfriendly spirit, has
been exhibited towards her, (Augusta.) We
do not think that equal and exact justice has
i been dealt out to her.”
If we are not mistaken, the time is at hand
i when others besides our ow n cit zens will
not oniy feel the force of the assertion, but
regret that it was justified by the lads do
ve.oped in last winter’s legislation.
(tTThe Chronicle of yesterday heads a
paragraph conspiciou-ly as follows ;
it. W b lournoy L.-q. General Harrison.
The Tariff
It then publishes the following resolution
introduced ov Mr. Flournoy in the iegisla
j lure in 1840.
Be it farther resolved. That we look forward to
the election of Gfeueral Harrison as the period for
the commencement of a lung and glorious day of
prosperity to the people of this country, and for a
practical operation of those great principles which
all true Dca >crals have ever supjxmed.
it ihen goes on m say: ‘‘Among those great
principles which he approved, and wings
elected bun io carry out, was the protection
of American industry,by suitable dtsgrftnma
; lion- in laying duties to obtain a sufficient
j revenue tor the wants of the government.”
Indeed ! Let us see how an extract from
the address of “the faithful six” to the whigs
, of Georgia will tally with those great pnn
j c\pies.
He (Gen. Harrison) has upon several occasion
1 eince avowed himselt in favor of the n>nmrnwjw*