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THE LTNCOLNTON NEWS. J. D. COLLEY & CO., VOL. I. WtSHMSTON ADVERTISEMENTS. LORENZO SMITH & BRO., -OF— WASHINGTON, GA.. ▲XX OFFERING FOB THE FAIJi TB1DB CincinnaiiBuggies AT $50 TO $75. Columbus Baggies AT $100 TO SI 60. Buggies and Carriages of other Also makes and grades at various prices. STUDEBAKER WAGONS At @55 and @70. TENNESSEE WAGONS At @30 and @65 WEBSTER WAGONS $60 to $75. THREE 3-4 WAGONS AT §55. Own Make, at $40. KEMP’S MANURE SPREADERS, OR Ah', DRILLS, ALBION SPRING TOOTH HARROWS, WINDMILLS, And a General Assortment of Agricultural Implements Also Single Harness from $9 up. Donbh Harness, parts of Harness, Hubs, Spoke: and Rims. d 8ood Buggy SBaraessfer $60. Oar prices are guaranteed to be as low a my Emi’ar house in the South. Give us ; r il’. Co: re.'pondonce solicited. • 0. M. MAY, WASHINGTON, GA., CROCER AND DEALER IN GT3 trr3 5=53 The liberal patronage which I have ob¬ tained from the people of Wilkes and adjoin¬ ing counties, I intend to hold by continuing to sell my goods at the very lowest prices, and by fair dealing in all things. Also C. M. MAY & CO. Will carry on a General Mercantile business at Double Branches, Lincoln Co., Ga. PEARLS OE THOUGHT. The next dreadful thing to a battle lost is a battle won. Memory is strengthened by exercise and life by remembrances. The history of the world is nothing but a procession of clothed ideas. Every one has his faults, but we do not see the wallet on our own backs. Though authority he a stubborn hear, yet he is oft led by the nose with gold. Love is never lost. If not recipro¬ cated it will flow back and soften and purify the heart. A lie is like a brush-heap on fire ; it is easier to let it burn out than to try to extinguish it. The grand essentials of happiness are and something to hope for. ' THE AUGUSTA, ELBEBTON AM> CHICAGO RAILROAD. If TTe Mad Rut a Day. We should fill the hour with sweetest things, If we had but a day; We should drink alone at the purest springs In our upward way ; We should love with a lifetime’s lovo in an hour K the hours were few; We should rest, not for dreams, bat for fresher power To be and to do. We should guide our wayward or weary wills By the clearest light; We should keep our eyes on the heavenly hills, As they lay in sight; We should trample the pride and the dis¬ content Beneath our feet; We should take whatever a good God sent, With a trust complete. W. should waste 00 moments in weak re¬ gret, If the days were but one— If what we remembered and what we regret Went out with the sun ; We should be from our clamorous solves sot free, To work or to pray, And be what our Father would have us to be, If we had but a day. SO GOES THE WOULD. “Netta!” sang a shrill voice after me, as ]*ran down the lane. I am Antoinette—Antoinette Lang¬ ley—and they call me Tina, Toinette, Ante, anything containing any of the syllables, in order to abbreviate the tiresome appellation. Indeed, I con¬ sidered myself called too often. On the present occasion I knew I should be called back if I did not run. I ran, and was recalled notwithstanding; I returned to the house more deliberate¬ than I had left it. “ The most essential thing I have forgotten,” said Aunt Tilda—the thing forgotten was always most essential with her. “ It does not matter how many offers you get on the way, you are not to ride. You will spill the custard and your dress will be spoiled.” “I promise,” I returned, gravely, holding the pail almost at arm’s-length, “ I will not ride unless Tom Armstrong or Susy Winters’ beau overtakes me. I could not refuse Tom, you know, aunty, because 1 like him; nor the very sage Air. Everard, because I do not like Susy. Besides, I have met him on occasions, and he—well, he in¬ terests me.” ' “As for Air. Everard, he would never think of asking you. Susy is much handsomer—” “Than anything you please, Aunt Tilda, if you except your lovely niece.” “ Ride with Tom Armstrong, if you think best, Toinette Langley,” said my aunt, suddenly leaving Susy; and she continued, her hand directed to¬ ward me in the form of an index: “He had better not bring his pink-and-white face around here any more, or I’ll send you into the kitchen and receive his simpers myself! Pah ! I can’t abide a pretty man.” “ When I return I will tell you which of the two I honored,” I said, turning from her with a low how. Tom, whom my aunt calls a good for-naught, is the squire’s son, and has always been my preux-chevalier. I have buttered him and sugared him, as the mood seized me, and snubbed him unmercifully at times—he was so tiresome mesumc. But Aunt Tilda had fallen into the way of fretting about him. For this reason and because he often assured me that Susy Winters’ beauty could bear no comparison to mine, I had favored him of late. Air. Everard is a new arrival. lie has just built a cottage—an artistic, unpretentious structure—hired a 1 o i -c keeper, and settled down among us. His house just fits into the little nook where it was built, and seems to be a part of nature. The birds think it be¬ longs to them, too, and hover around it in ecstasy. Aunt Tilda it was who told me this, and she added that she did not at all wonder, for the other houses in Walton were an offense to architecture and the birds knew it. But I do not see but there are feathered songsters enough in our elms, and I doubt if Aunt Tilda would exchange her gambrel-roofed home¬ stead, that has served the Langleys for four generations, for the “new-fangled concern,” as Deacon Seward calls it, that* Mr. Everard inhabits. This Mr. Everard is an autlior-a man who writes heavy articles on social science, or some other incom prehensible subject, for the Oceanic. We hardly expected that lie would associate with us common morta's, he had twice attended our “societies,” each time bringing Susy Winters, whose father is his friend ; and Susy, sinco this distinction, had assumed high airs, thereby exciting our resent¬ ment. I had not proceeded ten rods on my way before John Seward, the deacon's son, drove up and asked me to ride. “ I should be so glad to, Air. Sew- LINCOLOTON, GA., FRIDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1882. ard,” I said; “but Aunt Tilda just called me back to say that on no ac¬ count was I to ride lest I spilled the contents of this pail, which is to be delivered intact to old Mrs. Turner.” “ IVe might look out for that, Miss Tina,” he said. “ Oh, yes ! I am not at all afraid of spilling it,” I replied. “I only fear it might offend aunty, who is inclined to think well of you now.” The young man drove on and I was exultant; for had not my t aunt for once been caught in her own trap? Of all the young men in Walton, bating Air. Everard, John Seward was the one she would have most approved of my riding with, and I had not the least objection to his escort on occa¬ sions, myself. I only felt that jealousy of my liberty which young America must have inherited from its Revolu¬ tionary ancestors, and I did not like dictation in my choice. Soon after John Seward disappeared I heard another team behind me, sure footed and striking in exact concert. I knew before he slackened his pace to pass me that it was Air. Everard. I lifted my face shyly (it was shaded by a pink sunbonnet) to make sure it was he, when, touching his hat, lie said: “ But for your manner, Aliss Lang- j ley, I should not have been able to j make you out. I do not think you could change that with your dress, j Will you ride?” “ I am going to Airs. Turner’s,” I replied, “and aunty said I must walk all of the way.” “Well,” said he, smiling, “it is a long walk, but I must not urge you.” “ I don’t need urging,” holding up my hand to be helped in. “I am too wise to walk that distance when I can ride as well.” “ Why did she wish you to walk ?” he inquired, when I was seated. “ Ostensibly on account of the cus¬ tard,” I said, touching the covered pail _«as though I would spill it— but really lest I might ride with Tom Arm strong. She dislikes him, and thinks he is omnipresent when I am out.” “Upon what is her aversion based?” “His beauty. The same platform of my regard.” Air. Everard laughed, and leaned forward to peer under my I was quite serene. “That is rather a shaky foundation. is it not, Aliss Langley? It seems to me a man should . ,,, have something ... , , ter to recommend him to a true woman s regard. “Oh, well,” I replied, “Air. strong is clever. Not in the Englisii sense of the term, perhaps; but I don t tliink he would harm a fly. Aunt Til da calls him innocent, because she thinks he lacks energy.” “Perhaps you are strong-minded,” said Air. Everard, “ and that accounts for your preference, as such people are strongly attracted by their opposites, it is said.” lie was evidently making sport of both Tom and me, so I only answered with toss of head, for the time : a my : oblivious of my covered pail, and on alighting soon after at Airs. Turner’s : door, Air. Everard exclaimed: : “ ^ hat a sight for god3 and men ; The custard had spilled portion in j I : * a W d °wn 1«P; from and lus yellow side. streamiets 1 was ...... filled with dismay; but he seemed master of the 1 position, and looked down with a quiet laugh. “ lYm are distressed,”-he said. “ Ah. Miss Toinette, forgive me! I fearthat I have not looked out as gallantly for your custard as Tom Armstrong might have done; and then ‘ Aunt Tilda’ might take a dislike to me, and I had intended to make her a propitiatory offering, and try to induce her to let her niece take a long ride with me. It would give me pleasure to take you next week 1 to l' ie UaHs.” “ To the Fall? !” I repeated, looking ll P W1 *h slow delight, ■ I had not seen them since I was a child. m They were but fifteen miles away; but aunty would never let me “flam off,” as she called it, that dis¬ tance, with “a parcel of giddy-heads;” so I had never been included in the distant excursions of the young folks. “ Yes,” he replied, to my exclama¬ tion. “Will you go?” “ 1 could not tldnk of refusing,” I answered; “and for Aunt Tilda, he r heart must be adamant to spoil such a treat.” “ Well, we will go, then, and it will ; make me almost as glad as it will you, f pr H is long since 1 have seen a frank ■ k 'ok of pleasure like that which beams 1 from your face.” Upon entering the house I deposited my pail in Airs. Turner’s pantry, find¬ ing that there had not so very much of the custard escaped. And with the anticipated pleasure promised me I felt less like a martyr than usual in trying to make myself useful to the old lady, who was not of a very genial nature, but disposed to be fault-finding ’ even with those who were trying to benefit her. I walked home, and on entering ex claimed that I was nearly exhausted. “Then you should have ridden with John Seward,” remarked my consistent aunt. " Why, aunty, you know you forbade riding.” j “And you know, Miss Antoinette, that 1 would have been perfectly willing to have you ride with John.” “But there was the custard, Aunt Tilda, and beside I wanted to keep my word ;” “ ^ ou rode Wlth Tom >” said aunt, looking a little wrathful. “ I rode with Air. Everard,” I con¬ fessed, and she made no comment. A few days after this I sat in the door picking over currants, when Air. Everard made his appearance. He was j armed with a bouquet and a basket of luscious-looking strawberries. The j former was f° r me, the latter for Aunt Tilda. She was pleased. And when an emotion of pleasure moves her she is just lovely and nothing else. 1 was half in fear that Air. Everard would forget to invite me to the prom ised ride and engage my aunt instead, But no, lie asked for the pleasure of taking us both. Mr. Winters’ family was to be of our party, he said. Aunty graciously consented. Well, we had our ride, which was delightful; and during the season there were a series of societies, as usual, and a picnic or so—the enly means of dissipation presented to the rural mind in a community eminently staid and church-going. Occasionally I went with Tom, sometimes with Air. Everard—Susy Winters coming in, likewise, for her share of attention from the latter gen tleman. At last, in its season came a grand nutting party. * Tom was my attend ant. I had used a little manuvering —strategy I dignified it—to receive ' His invitation in good time that I so | ! might say I was engaged when Air. Everard came later with a request | (which I thought he would), as a just | punishment, you see, for his having taken Susy to the last society when I considered it my turn to receive that attention. It was October at the last. The trees were half aflame, and the hectic leaves , , had . whirled ...... into variegated . . , heaps that served us for seats when " e g re " weary. Mr. Everard took Susy and was more attentive to her than circum stances l ailed for I thought, and I got dreadfully bored with Tom’s inter minable nonsense, and slipped away into the woods. I rather enjoyed, in prospective, Tom’s bewilderment when he discovered my absence, I wandered down to a little stream and along its border until I reached a sliglit bluff crowned with late flowers. They were really beyond my reach, I thought; but the unattainable lured me and I determined to attain. So I commenced climbing, and had almost reached the summit of my do sires, when I slipped, and caught by bushes, and struggled, until I arrived ingloriously at the base. Alv , r hair , . disheveled—it , , , .. was was mv ownl _ my ^ t anns blee i n I sat with tears in ray eyes, in con¬ fusion and distress, my sleeves pushed back, inspecting bruises, when who should appear on the scene but the formidable Mr. Everard! “ Tina Langley, by all that is love ly ! he exclaimed; and his next move ment v as to kneel at my feet, like an old-time knight. “ Now have I my bird of the wilderness at an advantage Torn and bleeding, her plumes ruffled, her spurs lost; no Aunt Tilda in the way and no Tom Armstrong.” And then for the next half-hour that author of social science improved the time, saying the most foolish things . in . „ the most , unscientilic . . way ..? , until m Tom ,, blundered , , along. - He was not too obtuse to compre¬ hend the situation, and on our way liome lie declared that I had ruined his prospects and he should die of a broken heart. 1 kindly promised to use my ence with Mr, Everard to have a suit aWe itaph placed upon his tomb, and hecalledmea heartless charmer, and b> f t nl0 ab protesting that his earthly career was well-nigh ended. I did really feel uneasy respecting him; but- when I had given to my a correct account of the day’s doings (and I observed that my disclosures respecting Air. Everard afforded her great satisfaction), she carried her chin high in air, as I expressed my fears, and said: “ We will see what we shall see.” Well, we are to be married soon, Air. Everard and I, and Tom Armstrong has broken his heart, after the manner of men, by engaging himself to Susy who, three months ago, Tina Langley must be greatly need of an escort to go with that Armstrong.” “And so goes the world,” says my Mr. Everard. ■ 11 — A Police Court at Cairo, ' xhe prefect and his deputy were ar rayed in black coats and trousers, white waistcoats and patent boots. But they sat, as their predecessors sat a thousand years ago, cross-legged on the divan. Litigants carne up with ou t formality, kissed their knees or their hands, according to rank or favor, bent, with hands folded in their sleeves, to declare the grievance volubly, answered a brief, harsh ques¬ tion, and took the verdict helplessly. Cases lasted on an average two min U { es each, as near as I could time it. And all the while men came and went in the little room, talking mostly in high quarrelsome tones. Coffee passed about. If any one present was struck with an observation he offered it cas ually, and his worship listened. After delivering judgment, always pre¬ ceded by a grunt of general dissatisfac tion, he clapped his hands and a sol dier rushed in at full gallop, holding up his sword. Forthwith the parties retired to discuss matters warmly out side in full hearing of the court. A matrimonial difficulty referred to the authorities lasted but four minutes by 'watch. A thin peaking man looked the husband, while the wife, so far as one could judge by eyes and nose > was very pretty. The gentleman told his tale, the purport of which I could not gather. The lady turned red to the tip of her little nose and her eyes flashed. She took up her parable "vehemently and sternly the prefect asked further explanations of the husband, who turned very pale. He found nothing effective to reply; His worship pronounced in a single phrase, the galloping soldier appeared and off went the pair. I asked of an official who spoke English if the man was going to prison. “No," said he, “he go home.” It must be admitted j there is something to be urged for a j system troubles which in this can superior deal with way.— domestic Lon Standard. A Raffled Ambition. Peter Thullusson, a banker who died in England over a hundred years ago, was ambitious to found several t families> or , failing in that) on9 prodigious family . Uis p ropert v amounted to over six hundred thou sand pounds> aad he directed that it should he left to accumulate during a period which was estimated would ex tend to seventy-five years. Then it was to divided amoim sons! the represent atives of his three Ad actuary calculated that the for tune, at the end of that period, would amount to at least one hundred and tliirtv-six million dollars. If one dc scendant only should take it, Iris yearly income would he nine million dollars. The banker's sons disputed the va¬ lidity of the will on the ground that it was contrary to public policy to al¬ low such au accumulation of property. The whole, they said, might fall to a single individual, who thereby would become too powerful for a subject and too dangerous to public liberty. But their apprehensions were al¬ layed by that effectual instrument foi dissipating large fortunes, the court of chancery. The law expenses eat up almost the whole of the accumulations, when> in 1859> the heir came into possession of the property, it amounted to little more than six hundred thou sand pounds, the sum originally de¬ v ; sed by b ; s ecceil trie great grand father, His Last Lecture. Captain Paul Boyton, in describing his project of floating down tiie Colorado river in his rubber suit, talked so well that a reporter asked ' llm * le dld ncd en ^ er the lecture field. “No, sir,” he answered, “ I’ve had enough of that. My last experi¬ ence was at Helena, Arkansas. I was forced by the people there on my voy a K e down the Alississippi to stop over for a lecture. I couldn’t speak in my rubber suit. 1 hadn’t any baggage. The mayor lent me his dresscoat and a white handkerchief, which he tied very artistically around my neck as a cravat. The doctor promised me the trousers. He was called off by a patient and didn’t turn up. The stage was a small one; the people werehowl ing. The mayor fixed up a table covered so with a red cloth that nothing below my waist could be seen. I was forced on. I got to talking and was well received. When I came to tell about my encounter with a shark I became a little excited, forgot about my costume, stepped to one side of the table, and—well, when the audience yelled with laughter I made a bee-line for the green room, and haven’t lec ttired sine? ” MOMENTOUS MATTERS. : The lumber business of Puget Sound, W. T., is immense, and its distribu¬ tion is very wide. In one day, recent Iv, vessels were seen loading for Bos ton, San Francisco, Valparaiso, the Sandwich Islands, Vallejo, Alexico, Japan, China, France, England and Australia. The export in 1881 was about 175,000,000 feet, valued at $1,700,000. A quite novel theory about the ulti mate fate of the devil has been pro pounded by Dr. Hately WaddeU at Glasgow. The reverend gentleman se lected for his text the well known verses in the twentieth chapter of Revelation—“And I saw an comedown from heaven, having the key of the bottomless pit and a chain in his hand. And he lay hold on the dragon and bound him a thousand years, and cast him into the bottomless pit.” Dr. Waddell explained that the terms dragon, devil, or Satan were but figurative expressions for what Ls caHed the principle of eviL If an angel, he informed his audience, came down from heaven to earth for a work like this, it was the angel of elec tric-al science. It came direct from heaven. If such an angel brought a chain in his hand, it was the telegraph wire and the electric cable coiled up and carried on his arm. If ever such an angel had sujh a key as spoken of in the text, it was the submarine tele graph- Just in proportion as electricity circled the earth, just in that same portion would the devil he defeated. The United States government owns much valuable property in Washing ton. From the figures of the official assessment, it appears that the capitol building is assessed at $15,699,556, and the grounds at $7,90 1 ,595. The White House at $734,599, and the executive stables at $28,500. The treasury de¬ partment building and grounds are assessed at $7,008,454 ; the state, war and navy department buildings, $6,211,161; the agricultural department building, $331,825, and the grounds, $689,086 ; the Smithsonian, $492,651, and national museum, $250,000, and the grounds, $2,553,378 ; the national monument grounds, $1,815,781, and the Washington monument, $300,000; the national observatory grounds, $125,861, and the building, $255,284 ; the patent oflice building and grounds, $3,754,S83; the arsenal buildings $233,- 324, and grounds, $1,221,607; the marine barracks ground, $31,235, and buildings, $329,637 ; the naval hospital, $7,198,128; bureau of engraving and printing grounds, $27,612, building, $327,537; Winder’s building, used by engineers’ bureau of the army, $214,- 367; United States medical museum, $96,280; general postofflee grounds, $312,495, building, $2,124,500; govern¬ ment printing oflice, $236,000; ju¬ diciary square and city hall, $1,399,- 713; United States jail, $525,550; United States navy yard, ground, $1,413,500, buildings and wharves* $3,615,SOS; botanical garden, grounds, $1,462,251, buildings, $556,676, hot¬ houses, $58,598. The aqueduct is valued at $3,847,547, and water pipes and plugs, $172,276. The intersections of streets, circles and spaces are put down at $4,682,942. The department of justice, ground, $150,000, and build¬ ing. $150,000; the government insane asylum, $1,349,775; the reform school, $221,056; th.e soldiers’ home, grounds, $333,947, buildings, $350,000; naval magazine, $95,000; the Georgetown postoffice and custom house, $63,767. T-IC Milky Way. IlershelFs labors showed the Alilkv Way to be a great nebula containing at least 50,tXH),000 of huge blazing suns, with our sun and its attendant planets near the center of the system This nebula is distributed in two nearly parallel layers having the form • of a pair of millstones, being very thin but extending laterally no' to distances of which we can form conception. While with an uninterrupted track a lightning express train might pass | around our world—which seems large to us—in less than one short month, it i could not at its highest speed aeeom -1 plish the distance to the sun in less | than 200 years! But abeam of light flashes across that space in eight min-1 ntes. And yet this beam of light, wlricli vastly transcends in speed any tlring we know, requires more than three years to travel from the nearest fixed star to the earth, and to cross the extreme width of the Alilkv Way % self must occupy nearly 3,000 years ' | Even this expresses no idea ot the limits of the visible universe. Other nebula than our own are visible in space, and if as large as our own must be so distant that the light cannot reach 0 ur system in 1 , 000,000 years, Diamond is the smallest movable type in the world. It often gets under the finger-nails of compositors. PUBLISHERS. no. 9. SUICIDE. So m . Interesting Facts and Fignres Cob— cerning Self-Murder. Air. Clark Bell recently read before * the New York Medico-Legal Society a paper entitled “ Legislation to Prevent and Punish Suicide." lie began by showing that while among many peo pies and according to many philoso phies self-killing lias been justified or it is and has been by our laws regarded as a crime. In his review of the opinions of the an cients and moderns he has shown that by the canon law the suicide was re garded as a criminal and forbidden the prayers of the church, and other sc vere penalties were imposed. Under this law, prior to its abrogation in 1791 , frightful penalties were inflicted on the bodies of the suicide and his good 3 were confiscated. At present, jj e assumes, suicide is regarded as a crime in aH civilized countries, Mr _ BeU says . There is fluently m idemic of suieidein a district notab ly the Egyptian epidemic caused b y jjegesios’ orations, the Milesian, the epidemic of Alanifried in 1679, of Rouen in 1806, St. Piermont Jean in 1813 ot hers in Lyons and Ver sailles. In the latter city in 1793 there were some 1,300 victim It is well known that wherever a suicide is corn mitted by precipitation from a height, it is frequently followed by several others, as from Notre Dame or the Colonne Vendome. In our country Ni ag ara Falls is a parallel, though not completely, as it is moredifficult of ac cess from the gj. eat citiegi The pen. sioner who hung himself on one of the lanterns of the Hotel des Invalides was followed b y twelve others within! a y ew weeks, and the authorities only st 0 p pe d them by removing the lan tern _ i a Cuba at one time the ne, g roes committed suicide in great nnm bers under a religious delusion, be 1 lieving that they would be restored to life in three days. It was only sup¬ pressed by the governor-general dering the heads of the suicides to bo exposed in public for one month, their bodies burned and their ashes pub¬ licly scattered to the winds. Tables contained in the paper show that the largest number of suicides oe cur between the ages of twenty-five and fifty-five; that suicides inf tease proportion until extreme oldLage; that the increase is in direct rati(Vt 0 popu¬ lation until the. age of thirty, after which it continues in inverse ratio to population until the allotted time ot 'life, and tiiat the number of tpiaido -3 is very small both absolutely and rel¬ atively to the population previous to the age of fifteen. Women commit, suicide earlier in life; men later. The proportion of the sexes is in general three men to one woman, but in Eng¬ land and Wales it is two to one, and in Denmark four to one. In large cities the proportion is nearer equal. In this connection the following table, compiled by Dr. 0’Dca (from whom, as from other authors, Mr. Bell quotes freely) is of interest: Causes ot Suicide. Meu. Women. Grief caused by loss of parents, etc.. 813 193 Grief caused by ingratitude of child ten 131 T4 Grief caused by departure of children. SO SO Grief caused by separation of family. 31 16 Forbidden love....................... 93S 62T Jealousy between married couples and between lorers..................... S'29 US Grief at quitting a master or a house. 53 24 Gambling_____ 1*7 X Laziness...... to Debauchery . 'A,669 233 Drunkenness .2,761 444 A number of tables as to nationali¬ ties and so on are then given, and the remark is made that the proportion o suicides in San Franciscoamlthecities of Nevada is very largely in excess of ^ °rk, Philadelphia or Brooklyn, ^ 10111 another table it appears that ^°rtugal has the smallest ratio of sui C1( ^ e alK * Denmark the largest of all nations ' ^ Tortugal there are seven to 190,000 population, and in Denmark “® 8 . In Saxony there are 251, in Switzerland 200, in 1 ranee 110 , in Ire Iand onl >' 16 ’ in tlieUnited State s 40 and in England and AVales 68 . JPiiHcfiintton, Punctuation is an art, and one that has been learned in comparatively modern times. The Greeks did not know the meaning of it, and left no space between their words. The Homans put up a kind of division with old an - apparent method. Up to the end ot the fifteenth century only the colon and comma were introduced, and the latter, at that time, only as a per pendicular figure. We are indebted to Aldus Alanutius, the eminent printer, for the comma as we have it now; and in 1490 he introduced the semi-colon into printing, and published a set of rules foj the guidance of writers. It is not known by whom the notes of interrogation and exclamation were first used, but inverted commas (“) Were brought into common use by a French printer, to supersede the use of italics, and the English adopted them' to specify quotation,