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rpjjE LINCOLNTON NEWS \
J. f P, COLLEY & CO.,
VOL. I.
WASHINGTON ADVERTISEMENTS.
LORENZO SMITH &BB0 ■>
—OF—
WASHINGTON, GA.,
ARB OFFERING FOB THE FALL TRASS
GincinnatiBuggies
AT $50 TO $75.
Golumlius Buggies
AT $100 TO $160.
Baggies and Carriages of other makes and
grades at various prices. Also
smiDEBAKER WAGONS
At 865 and 870.
TENNESSEE WAGONS
At 860 and 865
WEBSTER WAGONS
860 to 876.
THREE 3-4 WAGONS
AT #35.
Onto Wapi, will Sen i
Own Make, at $40.
KEMP'S MANURE SPREADERS, GRAI.\
DRILLS, ALBION SPRING TOOTH
HARROWS, WINDMILLS,
And a General Assortment of
Agricultural Implement
Also Single Harness from $9 op. Double
Harness, parts of Harness, Hubs, Spoken
and Rims.
1 Good Buggy & Haraessfor $S0
Our prices are guaranteed to be as low a:
any similar house in the South. Give us a
call. Correspondence solicited.
0. M. MAY,
WASHINGTON, GA.,,
GROCER)
AND DEALER IN
J.
The liberal patrgnage which I have ob¬
tained from the people of Wilkes and adjoin¬
ing counties, I intend to hold by continuing
to sell my goods at the very lowest prices,
and by fair dealing in all things. Also
C. M. MAY & CO.
*r
TIBI carry on a General Mercantile business
at Double Branches, Lincoln Co., Ga.
MEWS STORE
ft First-Class Store in Every
Respect.
A fall stock of General Merchandise always
J. IV. Mercier.
T. H. REMSEN’S
STOKE!
FIBS mS aid WHISKIES.
-> 45
GENUINE MONOGRAM.
THE AUGUSTA, ELBERTON AND CHICAGO RAILROAD.
ESTABLISHED 1872.
_ LOWE VV JU , & \Xt _ ___ TVR.O BXVU., __
RETAIL DEALERS IN
FINE LIQUORS
OF ALL SORTS.
AGENTS FOR THE fUT.R OF
KGRTH CAROLINA CORN WHISKY
APPLE AND PEACH BRANDY, FINE
WINES, RUM, GIN, ALE, BEER,
ETC., ETC, ETC., ETC.
TOBACCO A! OMRS.
WASHINGTON. GA.
AUGUSTA ADVERTISEMENTS.
BOET. H. MAT. A. E. GOODYEAR
ROB’T H. MAY & C0.’S
GRAND EXHIBITION
ON 1
1 »
And PLANTATION WAGONS.
ALL SIZES.
The largest and most complete assortment
of One and Two-Horse Vehicles ever shown
in thiB section. All first-class work, and will
be offered for the next sixty days at prices
way below their value and lower than can be
duplicated.
Do not lose this opportunity. On exami¬
nation this work will prove to you that it
cannot be purchased elsewhere at the prices
we offer.
Also, a Umbrellas, large stock Lap of Robes, Saddles, Bridles
Harness, Sole Harness Leather, Blankets, Rub¬
Calf Skins, and
ber and Leather Belting, TrunkB, Bags,
Hubs, Spokes, Wagon Reins, Axles, Trace Lowest Chains,
Harness, Cash Harness, etc., at
Pbioes.
THE ROAD CART
(PATENTED.)
The safest, lightest and most easy riding
two-wheeled vehicle ever produced. Of all
the road carts made, nse and experience has
demonstrated these to be the best. The
Adjustable Balance is a most valuable fea
ture of our Road Carte. Buy no other. Price
$E0.
N. B.—We warrant all the vehicles we sell.
Remember our prices are the lowest.
ROB’T H. MAY & CO.,
BROAD STREET,
Opposite Georgia R. R. Bank
AUGUSTA. GA.
ORDER YOUR
Mills, Cane Mills
Orist Mills,
And Plantation and Mill Machinery
Engines and Boilers, Cotton Screws,
Shafting, Mill Pulleys, Gearing, Hangers, Gudgeons, Journal
Boxes,
Turbine Water Wheels y
Gin Gearing, Jndson’s Governors, Diss
ton’s Circular Saws, Gummers and
Files, and Belting and Babbit Metal
and Brass Cheek Fittings, Valves Globe and
Whistles,
Gnages, Iron and Brass Castings, Gin Ribs,
Iron Fronts, Balconies and Fence Rail¬
ing.
Geo. E. Lombard & Co **
FOREST CITY
Foundry and Machine Works,
REAR THE WATER TOWER,
1014 to 1026 Fenwick Street,
AUGUSTA, GA.
Repairing promptly don© at Lowes
prices.
CENTRAL HOTEL,
aucusta ’ ga ‘
MRS. W. M. THOMAS, •• Pbomuetbesb
ThiB hotel, »o well known to the citizens of
Lincoln and adjoining counties, is located
in the center of the business. portion of
Augusta. Convenient to Postoflice, Tele
menba hotels .to ffie'pub&ch Mtord. 11 us oV'tir^-cE
can' ’ ,
LINCOLNTON, GA., FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, 1883.
FARM, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD.
Does Poultry Pay ?
T p proper care IS ... taken of poultry
there is no doubt that it pays. We
cannot expect to make any business
profitable unless we give it our atten¬
tion. A great many people feed their
poultry regularly, but neglect to give
them drink, and then say that it does
not pay to keep poultry. .
The best drink for hens is sour milk,
and if possible it should always be
kept by them. Scraps of meat, fish
skin, etc., are excellent for fowls. Do
not feed on clear corn or meal, but
vary tlieir food as much as possible.
In the summer feed once a day, but in
the winter give them a second feed
just before they go on the roost. Al¬
ways give just what they will eat up
clean. Hens fed in this way will lay
all winter, if they are of the right
breed.
Mange on Horses.
destroys Mange is a disease of the skin which
the hair and produces intense
irritation, accompanied with very small
watery blisters, which break and are
rubbed into raw spots. It is caused
by a vegetable parasite which grows in
the skin, or by a small insect which
burrows in it, and there are two kinds,
but both produce similar effects. The
disease is contagious, and may be com¬
municated. to a horse by mice or rats,
cats, dogs, or infected harness, or stalls
or musty hay. The remedy is to wash
the skin with warm water and soap;
wliale-oil or carbolic soap is preferable;
then apply an ointment, made as fol¬
lows: dram of Four ounces of w r hale-oil, one
creosote, one ounce of tar, and
one ounce of sulphur; grind the sul¬
phur with a little oil and the creosote,
and then gradually add the rest of the
tar and oil; rub well into the skin
after washing with warm water.
A Lesson from Cabbages.
Almost every one knows that cab¬
bages will not grow fast or head out
well unless they are hoed very often.
Many have also learned that this crop
does the best if hoed very eaily in the
morning while the dew is on the
ground. Hoeing later in the daj-,
while the dew has evaporated, will not
have the same effect. The reasons
appear to he these: The dew being
covered with soil is retained and helps
keep the earth moist. It contains a
large amount of oxygen, which it took
from the air. These act to decompose
the soil and to hasten the growth of
the plants. It also absorbs a large
quantity of ammonia, which is directly
taken up by the plants. Now the
same caused ought to produce the same
effects on other plants, and it has been
found by observing farmers that they
ilo. Market gardeners prefer to have
potatoes hoed either when the soil Is
wet with dew or after a slight rain.
Observations made by one of the best
farmers in Wisconsin, extending
through many years, convinced him
that there was great advantage in
plowing land while it was wet with
dew. Especially was this the case
when clover or grass was plowed un¬
der. It was found that the grass and
sod rotted much sooner, and that the
succeeding crops were larger and of bet¬
ter quality.— C'h kayo Times.
The Advantages of Draining.
A writer in the Prairie Farmer
gives the good effects of land drainage
as follows:
1 . It removes the surplus water and
prevents ponding in a soil. It should
be noted, that, if the drains are used,
they should be of sufficient size to re¬
move the surplus water in
four hours.
2. It prevents the accumulation
poisons in the soil, which result
stagnant water, either above or under
the surface.
3. The ammonia is carried
into the soil by the descending
stored for the plant food instead
stopping on the surface and
off by evaporation, or borne away
the surface waste.
4. It deepens and enriches the soil
by opening the ground, allowing the
roots of the plant to go deeper into
the earth decaying after harvest, they
form this subsoil into the surface soil,
providing resources for the plant more
reliable, and making the same ground
better for a greater length of time.
5. It avoids drought, by enabling the
plant to thrust its roots deeper into
the soil.
6 . The drainage increases the tem¬
perature of the soil, In some cases
the average has been increased as
much as ten degrees.
7. By securing uniformity of con¬
dition for plant growth, it hastens the
maturing of the crop from ten days
to two weeks.
8 . It enables the farmer to work
his land in wet or dry seasons, and in¬
sures a return to the labor bestowed.
The Best Cows.
There is no point in issue be¬
tween the breeders of dairy cattle
about which there is such a diversity
of opinion as that of judging the mer¬
its of milch cows. With horses the
watch makes the criterion with run¬
ners and trotters, while draft animals
can he tested by the dead pull, and
carriage or park horses need most to
please the eye. With beef cattle the
scales and handling generally give very
good satisfaction, though the butchers’
block should be the ultimate criterion.
When, however, wo come to cows in
milk to determine which is the best,
there are so many innate or latent
virtues and vices it is hard indeed to
tell whicli is the best in a herd with
out long and patient study, and even
then they vary so in each year’s per
formance the• decree of one season
is often ov trrilled by the experiences of
another. 4
j n ^ le showing, of course the exam
ination upon which the judges must
rely is of necessity superfi-
cial. To be sure, the cow can be
milked, and the question as to which
is the best when fiesh, may be, with
proper tolerably precautions against trickery,
well determined, but after
all the best cow is not the one that
does best immediately after calving,
but, on the contrary, it is generally the
one that does best Immediately before
calving. That is, the one that holds
out best throughout the year, is the
one that returns greater profits to the
owner. This is often proved by actual
experiment to the utter amazement of
the owner, especially the first season
that the owner uses the scales. It is
the old story of the tortoise and the
hare.
Again, the question of quality of
yield is of the greatest value only to
the man who sells milk, while the
butter maker is more anxious about
the cream. This point is difficult to
determine on a short acquaintance
with the cow. Practical science seems
unable to solve the problem. Cream
gauges and lactometers alike are mis¬
leading. Nothing but the chum
seems to be able to settle the ques¬
tion outside of elaborate and expen¬
sive analyses. Having tried all the
modern appliances for cheap and ex¬
peditious tests, we are inclined to
think the mouth the best judge after
all. With care and considerable prac¬
tice most people can tell rich milk
when they taste it, though there are
many ways to deceive the tongue.
Milk that has stood long enough for
the cream to rise and is then thor¬
oughly mixed again, will all taste
much richer than it would when first
drawn from the cow. This is proba¬
bly owing to the lumpiness of the
cream, which takes hold on the organs
of taste more readily.
The men who have probably had the
greatest trouble and accomplished the
least in the matter of testing or judg¬
ing are those who manage the various
cattle clubs .—American Dairyman.
farm and Garden Notes.
A pail of milk standing ten minutes
where it is exposed to the scent of a
strong smelling stable, or any other
offensive odor, will imbibe a taint that
will never leave it.
In England inferior barley is gener¬
ally ground into meal for feeding
cattle and pigs, and nothing surpasses
its value when boiled as a mash for
horses after a hard day’s work.
Squashes, to keep well, should not
only be kept in a dry atmosphere, with
a very even temperature, but they
-■should be spread on the floor, or on
shelves, so that the air can readily pass
between them.
When pigs are confined to a corn
diet they are apt to suffer from a dis¬
ordered stomach, which is relieved by
charcoal. An occasional handful of
wooTl ashes and sulphur will also be
found beneficial.
Potatoes, when dug in an unripe
state, may be at times watery and not
fit to eat, but if spread, as thinly
possible in a dry, airy place, they will
in time become as mealy as if left to
ripen in the ground.
Look well to the feet of your sheep.
Many flocks of Merinos are carrying
toes on them more like claws than
anything else. Trim them into shape
and your sheep will be healthier,
stronger and in better condition.
To throw meal dough, mashed po¬
tatoes or any moist feed upon the
ground, or upon a board, where the
feet of the fowls can trample it, is not
economical. Enough is saved by the
use of a feed trough to pay for it in a
little while.
Farmers have often noticed that
where green apples have been left on
the ground till they lieen rotted the grass
beneath them has killed, appar¬
ently poisoned by their contact. A
dressing of lime or ashes will correct
this acidity and restore the soil to
It is a surprise that farmers near
large cities do not grow more vege¬
tables for city markets. A farmer
who grew a large patch of carrots in
his garden sold them at the rate of $500
per acre. The land was rich, but it
will pay to make the soil rich to obtain
such results.
In fumigating poultry-houses with
sulphur much difficulty is experienced
in getting the sulphur to burn. The
trouble is the sulphur melts and
smothers the flame. By melting the
sulphur and passing strips of wick
through it burning will afterward be
an easy matter.
It is just as easy to salt the food of
stock when mixing it as to give it
alone. As it is a common practice to
feed the cattle first and afterward salt
them, as it is styled, by giving them a
lump of rock salt to lick or a handful
to eat, at regular intervals, the the stock
often suffers from system.
The most general cause of sickness
among hogs is indigestion. For this,
care in feeding will be the best pre¬
ventive, Guard against a surfeit of
new coin and overloading their meSs, generally.
Be regular with and occa¬
sionally mix a handful of wood ashes,
charcoal and sulphur with their food.
In a soil once fertile, hut exhausted
by improvident tillage, the loss of fer¬
tility applies chiefly to the surface, and
if we go below the distance that the
roots of the grain extended, we may
generally find a sub-soil still rich in
the elements that give vigor to the
growth of plants. In the approved
modes of agriculture, we seek to reach
and bring up the sub-soil by deep plow¬
ing.
There is a sure way by which flat
turnips may he kept crisp and fresh
all winter. Prepare hold a bin, or box,
large enough to as many as may
be required for use, put in the bottom
a layer of fine earth, then a layer of
turnips, alternating till all are in, then
cover slightly with fine earth, and the
tumips will come out as fresh as when
pulled, even if not taken out until
spring.
Recipes.
Lancashire Pie. —Take cold beef
or veal, chop and season as for hash;
have ready hot mashed potatoes sea¬
soned as if for the table, and put in a
shallow baking-dish first a layer of
meat, and then a layer of potatoes, Mid
so on, till the dish is heaping full;
smooth over top of potatoes, and make
little holes in which place hits of but¬
ter; hake until a nice brown.
Mayonnaise of Cauliflower.—
Put some cauliflowers into just enough
boiling water to cover them; add a
little salt and butter to the water.
When cooked, let them become cold;
then season them with a marinade of
a little salt and pepper; and one spoon¬
ful of oil. Let them remain for an
hour. When ready to serve pile them
on a dish to a point, then mask them
with a mayonnaise sauee.
Feather Cake.— Beat to a cream
half a cup of butter and two cups of
sugar, one cup of milk with a tea¬
spoonful of soda dissolved in it; beat
well together; then add one eup of
flour, with two teaspoonfuls of cream
tartar rubbed in it, and the well-beaten
yolks of three eggs. Beat the whites
separately until stiff, add them and
two more cups of flour to the other in¬
gredients; beat well: butter two tins,
pour in the cake and bake twenty min¬
utes or half an hour. Carefulness in
baking is important.
Buttered Eggs. —Cut a slice of
bread about half an inch thick, toast
andhutter it on both sides, cut off the
crust; cut it into four, and put it in a
small dish to keep hot before the tire.
Melt a piece of butter about the size of
a walnut in a stewpan over the fire,
and drop in three fresh eggs, j okes and
whites, a little salt, and a tablespoon¬
ful of cream or good milk; stir it
quickly on the fire till it begins to
thicken; then take it off, and stir and
work it quite smooth. Set it on again
and make it very hot; it ought by this
time to be quite* thick. Take up the
toast from the fire, and with a spoon
heap the egg on it as lightly and as
high as possible; send it to the table
very hot.
Household Hints.
Gum camphor scattered about the
mice haunts will drive them away.
Indian meal and vinegar or lemon
juice used on the hands will heal and
soften them.
To remove ink stains from boards
use strong muriatic acid or spirits of
salt. Apply with a piece of cloth, and
then wash thoroughly with water.
A black worsted dress may be made
-to look like new if it is sponged on the
right side with a strong tea made of fig
leaves, and then ironed on the wrong
side.
To clean pie plates that have long
been used for baking, put them in a
large kettle of cold water and throw on
them a few hot ashes or cinders, and
let them boil for an Lour.
Poultry which is to be kept in cold
weather should be thoroughly- cleansed,
then be wiped dry with a cloth and
have flour rubbed all over the inner
part: then it should be hung in a cool,
dry place.
To wash colored table linen use
tepid water, with a little powdered
borax ; wash quickly, using but little
soap, and rinse in tepid water contain¬
ing boiled starch; dry in the shade, and
when almost dry iron.
To prevent the hair from falling cut
apply once a week a wash made of one
quart of boiling water, one ounce of
pulverized borax and half an ounce of
powdered camphor. of flannel. Rub on with a
sponge or a piece
One-third His Body Gone.
One of the most remarkable men in
Camden, N. J., is a one-legged and one
armed colored man named James
Weeks. He is a strong, healthy man
of about forty years of age, and evi¬
dently enjoys life as much as his more
fortunate and better physically sup¬
plied brethren. The strange part of
the thing is that although both his left
leg and left arm are gone entirely—
they having been taken out at the
sockets—he is able to drive cart, load¬
ing the vehicle as quickly and as well
as they who have all their limbs with
sand or brick, and doing fully as much
work as any other cart-driver in the
city. Some time ago he was a lamp¬
lighter, performing the work in a man¬
ner that was perfectly satisfactory to
liis employers. So well has he plied
his business of cart-driver that lie has
accumulated quite a nice property,
both in horses and carts and in real
estate. He had his leg and arm shot
off at Port Hudson during the war.
Weeks draws a pension of eighteen
dollars a moDth from the government,
and says he has no trouble in making
a living and a little extra by driving
cart. Twice each year, since the close
of the war, “Jim” goes to Philadelphia
to see Professor Gross, who exhibits
him to the students at the Jefferson
Medical college as “Old Ironsides.”
That world-renowned surgeon says it
is one of the most remarkable cases
that has ever come to his knowledge,
and he does not believe there is one
man in a million who could have gone
through what he has and still live.
Over one-third of his body was taken
from him, and the whole course of the
circulation of the blood changed. “Jim”
gets around with ease on one crutch
and the remaining log, it mattering
very little whether he uses it under
his right arm or leaning against ,his
left side where the arm-socket only
now is. The doctor always treats his
i “specimen” liberally, giving him his
j discarded clothing and ten dollars at
each exhibition
Men’s Heads*
The question whether, heads are !
our
smaller than those of our grandfathers
has been attracting particular attention I
in European circles. bf writers The for subject was ( !
first agitated Nature,
London, one of whom, Mr. ,E. F. i
Tuckett, insists teat the averse size
of hats has decreased one size within (
the last twenty-five years, which
means, if the criterion is to he trusted, j
a diminution of three-eighths of an
inch in average circumference. As i
Mr. Tuckett adduces in evidence of his j
assertion tiie testimony of leading 1
hatters right in far London* that W he of is the probably
so as case is
concerned. But there are, as Mr.
Charles Robert sjrqflrun^d in ^ a re
joinder to Mr. Tackett, various rea
sons for the average decrease in size of
hats, without accepting that gentle- j
mans views of the cause In the first,
place, men wear their hair cropped j
1
to wear one’s hat on the top of the
head the instead of puUing by it down of over the j |
ears, as was done men
last generation. Again, the tall hat is j )
now worn by a large class of persons
who are uniformly small-headed, such
as clerks and shopmen, who formerly
did not affect such a luxury, while, on
the other hand, many persons of the
large-headed class, clergvmen,
and others, who wore taR
hats only years ago, have now
given them up, and prefer the soft sec-1
feit to the uncomfortable !
tion of stove-pipe once in vogue. The
only way to get at the truth would be j
to examine the statistics of each class
separately, and to make an allowance
of a quarter of an inch for the present
mode of wearing the hat and cropping
the hair. But if Mr. Tuckett’s view
is to be accepted, then, while the head
has lost in size, there has been a gen
eral gain in weight and vigor of body;
for, comparing the statistics of factory
cliildren in 1833 with those of 1873 in
England, it is found that children of
ten years of age are now as tall of
stature and as heavy as children of
eleven years of age were forty years
ago. There is a great variety, how¬
ever, in the size of heads in the in¬
tellectual classes in England. Accord¬
ing to Mr. Tuckett, Lord Chelmsford
swears a 6 | hat only, and the sizes of
some prominent people he gives as fol¬
lows: Thelate Dean Stanley, 6 f; Lord
Beaeonsfield, 7; the Prince of Wales,
7; Charles Dickens, 7J; Lord Sel
bourne, 7i; 7|;. John Bright, 7j; Lord
RusseU, Macauiey, the historian,
Louis 7|; Mr. Philfippe, Gladstone, 7|; 7§; M. Thackeray, Juiien, 7§;
the
celebrated Archbishop musical York, conductor, 8 The 7|, and
the of . pre¬
late must possess a head of twenty
four inches in circumference, while
that of Dickens was average, that of
Thackeray beyond the average, and the
pumpkin-head of Louis PMllipe was
very large.
The Jeannette Arctic Expedition.
United States Senator Jones, of Ne¬
vada, gives an account of De Long’s
Arctic expedition which he got from
Captain Nerbaum in San Francisco.
Nerbaum is a Russian, who has been
for many years in the service of the
Alaska Fur company. He was the last
man from whom the De Long party
received provisions. He says: “De
Long left my station at almost the
northern point of Alaska, and I fur¬
nished him, at the order of the Alaska
Fur company, with sledges, dogs and
provisions. He took twenty-seven
dogs and one Indian. I account for the
loss of the party on the theory that
they killed the dogs. I do not believe
that De Long knew anything about
the undertaking he was grappling
with, and was ignorant of the
means by which lie could move
in that region. I see by his diary that
there was blit one dog left a few days
prior to his death. He must have
killed the dogs without knowing their
great value, and when the dogs are
gone there is absolutely no hope left.
The dogs could not have died er been
lost. They were killed. The scent of
these animals is remarkable, and they
will detect provisions no matter where
they may be. When men in these re
gions kill polar bears, and have more
meat than they can eat. they cache
meat, and it sometimes Res in the ice
for years, until discovered by dogs.
The ice is full of these places. If you
meet an Indian in that region and kill
his dog, lie lies down and dies, con¬
sidering that the better part of him
is gone. Another great oversight was
the neglect to take the right "kind of
guns. I offered De Long a fowling
piece made expressly to use in Arctic
seas, and calculated to stand the eR
mate. He refused it because he
wanted a gun that would kill bears. I
explained that he needed guns for
birds and not bears. He would not
listen to me, and took Remington
rifles, the weight of which hampered
him, and were of no use. He must
have seen sea fowl flying over his
head all the time, but could not kill
them. The diary says that the
Indian, after drawing the sledge all
day, would go out at night and get
birds; and he kept the party alive two
weeks. Anywhere you cut a hole
through the ice and flash a light down
fish will swarm, but the party had no
fishing tackle. All their chances were
thrown away through ignorance. I
am not saying a word against De
Long. I liked him personally, but he
was not the man to command the
Arctic expedition. The North Pole,
in my estimation, can be Beached only
by following up the pole, warm current
which flows to the and beyond
there is the open sea. Put men in
such an expedition who have been
raised in the northern part of Alaska,
and who know all about the region,
and there is a strong chance of suc¬
cess,”
PUBLISHERS.
NO. 15.
FACTS FOR THE CURIOUS.
Unusual clearness of the atmoa*
phere, , unusual , . brightness . .. or t-n . ink¬ . ,
lin g of the stars indicate rain,
A case of disturbance of the facul
ties resulting in loss of memory, pro
duced by the constant racket of the
cars on the elevated railroad, is re
ported in New York,
The use of landscape painting for
wall decoration was introduced in the
time of Augustus. It was used to add
to the apparent size of small rooms,
and was generally somewhat conven
tional in color and fantastic in' form,
The nor thernmost place in the world
where rve and oats mature is at
Kengis, in the Swedish province to the of
Xorrbotten, forty-nine miles
north of the po lar circlei whereas the
northeni m 0 st spot where corn is
* rown j, at Muoniovara, ninety-eight
jles to the north 0 f the circle.
An Arabic m imiiscript, dating from
, he of the
* UI 7 (1365), conveys the merch ,e c ,*
f tra or ™ dmg atIon at that that time in Tr ,j tan *
ocean carried four divers, wh
s ” le to dicover and stop lraks
hpc. J n ^ le Hound *? u11 °Y of Plf.5.*?° the .rieklirg * t _ •
dieated the points of danger,
The term “dry goods, although gen
erally supposed to be of American
origin, is, in fact, English. A report
of a committee of the house of com
mens appointed in 1645 to inquire into
certain smuggling practices, reads :
“From Yarmouth the principal officer
gives account that on the 22d of Q$|p
her 112 horses were laden on the beach
near Benair with dry goods, by
wards of ninety men guarded bj ten
persons with firearms, and on the t
tieth of the same month forty h
were laden with dry goods at Ka
bv riders well arm fid.”
The Chinese Inventor of Printing.
In an interesting article on printing
in China, the North China KeraM&ys
that the first great promoter in teq
of printing was F eng Ying enijperbf Wang, y
in 932 A. D. advised the
have the Confucian classics prfn
with wooden blocks engraved pdn for m
purpose. The first books were
in a regular manner, and in j
suance of a decree in 958.“ ’
mariner’s compass and rockers were
invented about the i -4 time.
showing that at this period men's
minds were much stirred toward
invention. Twenty years after the
edict the blocks of the classics were
pronounced ready, and were put op
sale. Large-sized editions, which were
the only ones printed at first, were
soon succeeded by pocket editions.
The works printed under the Lung
emperors at Hangchow were celebrated
for their beauty; those of Western
China came next, and those of Fokhien
last. Movable types of copper and lead
were tried about the same time, but it
was thought that mistakes were more
numerous with them, and therefore
the fixed blocks were prepared.
Paper made from cotton was tried, but
it was found so expensive that the
bamboo-made paper held its ground. In
the Lung dynasty the method was
also trial of engraving on soft clay
and afterward hardening it by baking.
The separate characters were not
thicker than ordinary copper - coins.
Each of them was, in fact, a seal. An
iron plate was prepared with a facing
of turpentine, wax and the ashes of
burnt paper. Over this was placed an
iron frame, in which the clay types
were set up until it was fuU. The
whole was then sufficiently heated
to melt the wax facing. An iron
plate was placed above the types,
making them perfectly level, the wax
being just soft enough to allow the
types to sink into it to the proper
depth. This being, done it would be
possible to print several hundred or
thousand copies with great rapidity.
Two forms prepared in this way were that
ready for the pressman's use, so
when he had done with one he would
proceed with another without delaj-.
Here is undoubtedly the principle of
the printing press of Europe, al¬
though Western printers can dispense
j with a soft wax bed for tapes and can
obtain a level surface without this de¬
vice. Perhaps the need of capital to
lay in a stock of types, the want of a
good eientlj’ type-metal easilj- cut and suffi
hard, and the superior beauty
of the Chinese characters when carved
in wood have prevented the wride em¬
ployment of the movable types which
are so convenient for all alphabetic
writing. The inventor of this mode
of printing in movable types five cen¬
turies before they were invented in
Europe was named Pi Sheng.— Nature.
French Cooks in New York.
Nobody is considered very swell
nowadays unless he radiates his estab¬
lishment about a French cook. The
Astors, Lorillards, Jays, Vanderbilts,
Goulds, Schuylers and Havemeyers
have ah French cooks employed in
their service at immense wages—that
is for cooks. The-Astors now employ
the chef of the kitchen of the late
Napoleon III., and it is worthy of no¬
tice that his republican patrons than pay his
much better for his services
royal ones did. Chefs like a carte blanche
to furnisb both kitchen and supphes.
In Mr. Vanderbilt’s kitchen the uten¬
sils and contrivances are formidable.
Besides a two-story ice-box, six feet by
twelve, there are several for fish and
fruit. The range is twenty feet long
and has three fires, each separate from
the others, with separate sets of ovens.
Four maids, an under cook and a fire¬
man comprise the corps de cuisine,
under the command of the chef, who,
by their assistance, is expected to cap
ture a new dish every day, which he
very generally does, or at least every
other day.—American Queen,