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N. S. MORSE. <s|nnudf £ JsHittinel. TERMS. the WEEKLY CHRO.Mt LE IS PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY THKKEMOV TIIH gf.oo HIX >lo**ll* sl2 00 ALWAYS L'« ADVANCE. WEEKLY ADVEKTItsIVU RATES. o*diha>t AhvmTisiKMrn-p-.ibllahed in the Wetkij we •hnrie on*dollar slin-.-.^nch Insertion. Up«oiAtNoTiciswillhei:hirKed one dollar and twenty 8 »eeont» alineforeachiiaertto:.. U Aa*iAa»e,niATne:»nd Fonchit, Noticxi IH’crtollars • »«h. * niTUARTNn-rrcifone dollar penir.e for one insertion «!ths 0 illy or Weekly. Where Obituary Notice are; u h*d Dsluiland Weekly—onedolhr And flftycenrnt eiipcj Treason i traitors : We have re,id lately in government organs a great deal of senseless twaddle übout treason. Some of these papers have even gone so far as to “want traitors.” They are ranting and rav ing about matters of which they know but little, in order to convince the public of their excessive patriotism and loyalty. Their of forts thus fat do not appear to have amounted to much. Neither will they. Thu public can seethe jealous hate and envy which underlies all their acts. In their vain aud futile endeavors to injure others,Jt bey will find in the end that thoy have only injured themselves. In their blind and impotent rage, they accuse others of what they only have been gui.ty, What is treason ? Who ure traitors ? These are questions which the papers we refer to would do well to a-k themselves. Before they impugn others or their motives, it would be quite proper for them to see if their own receipt is clear. Before .they charge others with so' great crimes, perhaps it would not come amiss for them to find out their nature. The crime of treason in every country can only bo committed against the government of the country. To ascertain whether a par!y is or is aot guilty, it is necessary to find out the na tuio of the government under which ho lives. In those countries where the one man power is the government, to oppose him is to oppose the government—-is treason. la each and every nation, under different* forma o£ govern ment, a different act can be constituted ns treason. Our government is a Republican govern ment. At least it has the name of boiug such. The people still believe they have a const? tution. No royal edict bus as yet abrogated It. Although it sometimes seems as if it need ed not such a proclamation to wipe out the last vestige of civil liberty. The government ! of this country is yet tbo const! tn den. Many newspapers, however would f tin havo us be lieve otherwise and are doing all in their pow er to make their readers belove so. They are endeavoring to iafuse into the public mind the absurd idea that the will of President Davis is the‘government, and that to oppose him or even to criticise bis acts, ia treusou ! What a monstrosity ! What a fallacy ! Treason! what, is it? Opposition to the government 1 The government—what is. it ? The Constitution ! Those therefore only who trample upon thg Constitution are guilty of treason. Who are they ? Those who pass un Constitutional laws. Those who advocate the jxtssige of unconstitutional Is>vs. Those who uphold those who commit treasoualdp' acts thus becoming participants in the crime. A good government is one of the greatest of earthly blessings. It should bo the grand object of all people who reside in a coufitry which Jps a constitution to piescryo it intact. I# a constitutional government in worth any tiling it is at least worthy of being kept pure. If there is an illegal exercise of power on the part of those elected to carry cut the princi ples of the constitution, it should be firmly aud unyieldingly resisted. Even If no immediate harm should remit from the transgression, it should not be permitted to pass by unnoticed or unrebuked. Every encroachment shoMd S,a carefully looked after with a jealous fiyo by the people. Those who aro entrusted with delegated authority should bo held to stitoi ac countability. rubric mischiefs, it permitted, will in time overthrow any constitutional form of government We fWould not wait for great evils to come but should attend to kee ping small matters right, in order to prevent great evils from occurring. The people have a right to discuss the offi cial conduct of the Executive of tlris Confeder acy. They albP have a right to discuss the acts of their repreiteutatives, whether State or National. No power can constitutionally de prive them of that right. It the? permit that right tobo wrested from them they arc un worthy of the name of freemen. Yes! more— they would become slaves! slaves most ab ject and debased. We believe in a good government. We believe tbe only way to preserve a good gov ernment from becoming corrupt la to criticise the acts of thohe called io administer it. Wo shall continue to criticise tho acts of th is, elected to administer i#’.r government ns bold ly in the future as in the past. We shall do it without fear or taxor. We shall do it without asking leave or license of auy admin istration official or of any truckling adminis tration organ. If this be treason in the opin ion of our opponents, they are at pet feet liberty *o make what they can out of it. A Good Sion.—A letter from an able Rich mond correspondent will be found in another column. He is a gentleman who is behind the •oenes, and vs well acquainted with some of tbe wqjjtiogs of the political machinery. There U one fact he mentions which wiil glad dm*he heart of every patriot. The fact that there Is a strong current in Congress in favor of negotiation. He also intimates that even, •ome of the strong war members are beginning ■So return to their senses, and are in favor ot trying to see what can be done by talking. Theme things are encouraging. Another fact is mentioned—an important fact It is too. The fact that the opinions of the war member* of Congress are being changed by 0» decree for peace which have been ex presued by tbe people. This should encourage the latter to speak out more freely. The ball ha* pfMmdbd rolling and every one should ■wilt b* keeping it in motion. If Congress finds the people are determined to have an honorable peace made by negotiation, they will have to make one. Let the people -ftpak out. Tub Situation is Norik Georgia.— The sit uation ol affairs in North Georgia, according to all accounts is truly lamentable. Murder and robbery appear to be the order of the day, There is no security—no safety for life or property. The country is infested by a band ot plunderers ws?we will is law, and who take from the inhabitants every thing they desire. Murder is frequently committed. In short an archy is the order of the day. The parties who commit the crimes are deserters. The predatory bands ere so large that they have thus far successfully resisted a!! at tempts to capture and puffish thorn Truly this is p lanunlablc state c-f affairs. It has beer, brought about by many causes— causes which still exist, and which will row coulinno to exist as Icr-g as the war lact. If this clrugglo is .not soon brought to un honor able dose— almost every section of the Confed eracy will ho in the same condition ns the sec tion above e’enribed. Anarchy—bloody an- * arehy is staring us boidy in the face. Tun Meeting at Tuo.viasvii.lb— We learn that a meeting was held in Tuomasviile, Ga , a few days since. Wo have not seen the proceed ings. We understand, however, that among the resolutions passed was one plainly Mating that it was impossible for President Davis and President Lincoln to settle our national troub les. Another spoke of (ha necessity of and advised the calling of a Stale Convention. The meeting was a very large one. ,Sever al speeches were made for and against the res olutions. Everything p: 1 - cd off quioMy. Brlg/Gon. Glenn, who goes in for “demolish ing” meetings of this kind, can see that he can not cm; h out freedom of opinion in Georgia. The ball has commenced rolling and a!) the force and all the patronage the administration cart bring to bear, cannot- stop it in-its onward progress. Georgia is still a sovereign State. The peo ple are the power. They are determined to be hoard ia the matter. And what is more, they will bo ! Things are Wobkins.—lt will be seen by a telegraphic dispalcli elsewhere that the Cov - entor has ic.-ucd a call convening Jhd Legisla ture. This is good news. Yv'e are glad that the Leghlatuie of Georgia is to meet. There i 8 1 now one tay of j : g€t which iliumiuaics* the hi thi rto dark horizon. If tbe Legislature of Georgia do their whole duly and quail net, j soon all wit! be bright and nremisjeg. What tbo people want is a Slate Convention —a convention of men who can and something Awards settling cur existing difll t allies by negotiation. Let tbo Legislature call a convention. Let ibe people see tut.' 1 : right, ir.cn are elected to that convention —m, n who ai o equal to the times, and all will * be well. Let the people er.ee more take courage T hero is now r. prosju et of get ting that which w© are figbtfrg for by other means than the' bioody sword. Scarcity or run visions A private letter re ceived in this city states that inDekalbcounty Georgia, and more especially in the vicinity of Stone Mountain, the people are almost at star vation point. Corn is not to be had at any price. Meal at Atlanta is .selling at §l6 per bushel. Soldiers, families and others aro re duced to a .quart of meal per we-. U. without meat of any kind. The country lms«>ccc com pltii-ly stripped by the Yankee and Confeder ate forces. The recent heavy rain washed away the milk and fences. Stragglers and other preda Tory bands arc stealing everything, that they find. Nii mails are received! There is no transportation in the country. Will not tin; Gov ernment do something for the sufferers? Wo have been requested to appeal to the Gov crmncift and the people to extend relief to ike people of Dejfalb. We have stated their case, which we c-t rider the strongest appeal which can be m;v‘e. Who will move in the piattei? —CCIA— Mobile 'to kb Anvtcrnio.—The report that a large Lumber of Fed. l ral transports }.sd passed dotfn tbo Mississippi, aud that an expedition of fifteen thousand strong was fitting out in •New Orleans, to be landed fat*Pascagual, c-x --ffites some little apprehension in Mobile. The Tribune of Sunday says: Mobile, of course-, is their expected destination. We have reassn to believe that there is some truth in t#s re port. for we have been told by several of the returned Fort Gaines prisoners that the i auk./ps just before they left Now Orleans and Ship Is land, declared that Mobile was a doomed city, g;;,i that they intruded to take it shortly; so probably iti-y are preparing to carry their threats into execution. Ax Important Dmuswx.-We understand that the government ha- decided, in the cue of Mr. Augustus Spann, Jatccl'Mi.* isdppideceas ed', who was an exempted agrieullui.-f, that where a detail or exemption wire revoked, or •the detailed or exempted parly died, only a payment pro rata for the. time the party enjoy ed tbo detail or exemption, would be exacted. | This decision was elicited from the Secretary of War by a letter front A. G. Mayers, Esq,, on the subject of the liability of the estate- of Mr. Spaun. he having died a few months after he was exempted. Gen. Jobssto*—The South Carolina delega tion in Congress waited in a body last Monday upon the President of the Confederate States, aud presented the request which had been for warded to them by Gcv. Magrath, to appoint Gen. J. E. Johnston to the command of the troops in this department. The President de clined to make the appointment as desired.— We have not learned to whom he will tender the' command. A Bloody tlradsgy. —A bloody; rencontre occurred at Hack Mill, in Burke Cos.. Jan IT, between Mr. S. Jtl. Perkins and Capt C. J. Reed, of Cos. E, Second Regiment, Georgia Militia, which resulted in the death of ibe lat ter. He was shot in three places, Forkias escaped unhurt. AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBRU ARY, 11865. AS EXTRAORDRSAKY LEXTER. • We Icy before cur readers to-day a letter of a most extraordinary character. It is from a man who holds the office of a Brigadier Gen eral in the Confederate service. Ia it he frank ly confesses what he has done. For the great wrong he bus committed upon the citizen and upou c-ivii liberty, he appears to have no apolo gy to make; on the contrary, he not only under takes to justify Limeelt far exercising despotic power, but he intimates that he would exercise it again if opportunity offers. The position taken by this Confederate of ficial ought not to surprise the people. It does not surprise those wjjso have kept watch of the movements of those who have cootioi of the ass :iis at Richmond. The act commit ted in ,1 .ekeon county is in perfect keeping with the acts committed by tho Confederate Congress. Despot ism is the same every where— whether exercised ever a small body of citi zens assembled in council or exercised over a whole country. * Gen. Glenn in breaking up the meeting has been guilty oi an assumption of power unpar alleled in any free govornrneatol[o has tram pled under foot the very right we are fighting to vindicate—(he right of self-government.— He has no right, un-his official capacity, to at tend any meeting of citizens whatever. If he does not approve of the object of a meeting he has the privilege of staying away. If .the peo ple pass treasonable resolutions, t hen it is time for (ho authorities to act ia 'the matter. And it is the duty of the civil authorities to ccfc in such cases, not the miliiary. Gen. Glenn ar gues that it is di?toyal for the people to meet aud consult about matter#which interest them. We do not know where he gets his authority for such an assertion. Every good govern ment grants ibis privilege to the citizen. The privilege was carefully guarded in the old Censlitution. it is declared (o b.-au inviola ble right in the Confederate Constitution..— Even in England, a moaarcbial government-, this right ir, field to bo so sac-reel that when O’Conneil was “agitating in Iceland” —poor, down-lroddei, “rebellious Ireland”—the peo ple we.ro permitted pcacably to hold their “monster meetings,” at which the policy of ti e Government was boldly and unsparingly .de nounced and a redress of grievances demand ed ! We ar J of tbe opinion that it is not disloyal for tho people of Georgia lo as.-a ruble in coun cil whenever they, have a mind to* do so. If it is, the quicker they show Iheir disloyalty the better. If matters have progressed that far, the people should know it it once—before it is too late'to retrieve. We have one woid to say to the people o< Georgia. If you see fit to assemble in council do so. ty'fc no tbrepit of any military official intimidate yon. It is a guaranteed constitu tional privilege you have the 'perfect right to exorcise. And if it be necessary for you to defend it, do it. Just think of it, reader—the doctrine that you have no right to hold peaceful meeting;-! Outrageous! Monstrous! Wo shall probably refer to this subject again. Fp.om^\Tj,minoton —The Journal of Monday r-trater that tho Yankees appear to have left their base In front oTSfaj. Gteii. Hoke’s forces on Sunday end concentrated at Fort Fisher.— Their fleet has also disappeared. They of course hold Fort I i.-her. Whether they have re-cat barked their main body, wo ure unable to say. They occupy Smitliville, it having boon evac uated by our forces. Two Yankee deserters say that tho Federate hu'-e re-embarked with the exception of a thousand men loft ia Fort Fisher. A«i Confederate prisoners captured at Fort Ftefcor have boon sent North. Thq poor at Wilmington arc suffering great ly for want of food and clothing. Grant's orders to Butler show that the move ment against this place was intended primari ly t° affect (he capture of Fort Fisher, and the; consequent doling of the port. Secondarily, the captuio of the town of Washington seems to have been included as part of (he programme if it could be done at once, but apparently not otherwise. BiiiOADTKR Grneral, not Mit.—The Consti tutionalist refers to the officer who dispersed a citizens' meeting in Jackson county, Ga., as “Mr. Jesae A. Glean. They also aasert that he is but n oitcicu of Georgia. This is incorrect. The man by whose au thority the meeting was broken up ifi Jackson county, 1. aa old cor in the Confederate service, and holds the position of Brigadier General. Asa Oontoderate official tho Administration is responsible for his acts. It is no use for its supporters to dodge* the question. Wp have undertaken to create no false impression. We have given facts, a greater uat;age upon civ il liberty has never been committed. And if the people submit tamely to such acts, thoy w !l show that they are wholly unworthy of oven the a.«ae of freemen. Feosi Savk.vaii —Ageiuterrpm who bar, just arrival from below s-’-ys that the Federal Secretary of Wav issued an order to Gen. Sherman to send out of the city out of the hues all the wives ot the Confedeiato officers. Gen. Sherman, it is said, declared that the or der was an inhuman one, and that he would not obey it. It is said that tho Central Railroad is in com plete repair to No. lour aud a' half—forty-five miles from Savannah, and that trains run daily. Tuk Macon & Atlanta Railroad. —The trains on the Western and Atlanta Railroad will hereatto- leave Macou at seven A. M.— arriving at Jonesboro at half past two P. M. Returning will leave Jonesboro at half past Itme P. M.—arriving at Macon at half past sev en P. M. The Railroad connects at Jonesbo ao with hacks for Atlanta. Extensive and Daring Burglary. --The store of C. C. Drake under the Southern States Hotel wa- entered on Friday night, and rob bed of between $50,000 and $75,000 worth of goods. The Situatiok. — A planter of Noxubee coun tv, Mississippi, the assessed valuation of whose property before the war was $200,00, offers the whole for §15,000 in gvid! -t\ BXTR YOKDIXAKY LETTER ! THE OBJECT AND PURPOSES OF SOME A DMINISTRA T ION OFFICIALS IN GEORGIA! FREE SPEECH TO BE SUPPRESSED ! Free BRcinsioa to be Stepped ! LE fTER FROM GEN. GLENN ON DISPERS ING MEETINGS OF CITIZENS! • Headquautbrs Glenn's Cavalry, I Atiibss, Geo., Jan. 18,4805.) Editor Chronicle it Sentinel : .In regard tu tke.editoiials in tho “ Southern Banner" and “Athens Watchman," which if you publish you will p’.eass publish this from me. Tfcf.l there ia an important movement set on foot at present in Georgia, there can be no doubt. Those who are in favor of a Conven tion must know that it will result in Georgia withdrawing from the Confederacy, if not a reconstruction of the old Union. I have recently traveled over a considerable portion of tho State and have heard the people talk. 1 am satisfied what they wiil do if permit ted. If a convention be sailed in Georgia under the present move, she will be sure to withdraw from the Confederacy. Inm satisfied this is the object of the present movement. What good will it do to have t convention ? Do you want it to declare that we will fight on 5 r- this struggle for rational bfc ? That, has been fully resolved upon. Lot she people tako their guns and go to the front. Do you want a convention to give- the people a chance to ex press their views on the slate of the country generally ? T'hat is well known. Do you want a Convention to instruct Gov. Brown f If so he wiil be imtilted. Dr you want a conv,mi ion to know what of your civil liberty yon will yield up to the mili tary? That you know at pieseut. Do you want a eouveWion to know whether cr not negroes h a'd be put in the army? It we don’t put them in the Yankees will. Do you want a convention to know whether or not.wo wiil submit to a further suspension of the writ of habeas corpus ? It will not, be suspended against these who justly merit its application, What do you want a convention for! The palpable reason Is to adopt means of recon struction. • It wiil be seen that I van right in this view. In meetings which may be held to bring about this convention they mvy* resolve what they please, or soy what they choose, and make lair promises as to intentions; but if reconstruc tion be treason, then ibore ia treason at the foundation of the present movement If 1 had my way there should not be a meeting in any county of tho State. lam sat isfied the military will have to take possession of this matter. Call it military despotism or nor, itwif&iave to be done. In going to Jackson county I went on my own responsibility. It in propOr that I should state that T am rais ing a command for Confederate service, which has not yet been tenueied to the War Depart ment, ffCgSB A. Cj-LLNU. miW • The Emancipation Project.— The more we think of the project started nt'Richmond to sell out to foreign milieus the mo re we are struck with Ike inanity of the idea . One example of the rain brought on the West Indies by the emancipation policy, is as gqgd as a hundred. The result baa been the same in sill cases. The facts in this one c.v.c are given in she following extract from a communication in the New t)r=- leans Times: » The first instance cSf emancipation which I shall adduce is that of St. Domingo, because it is the most important of any other, and* the authority ou which l rely is the omiuont histo rian Alison, whose “History of Europe’tia one of the most accredited works of m-nlerislitera-. turn, and who, by sympathy, naturally inclined to favor abolition. “This French colony,” says Alison “was im mensely productive, exceeding all tbe British IslandsX.-gather,ns experts including the Span ish portion were £18,400,000, and its imports £lo.ooo,oo'* sterling Eighteen hundred ves sels apd 2<,000 sailors were employed in* con ducting the vast •colonial traffic. It was this splendid and unequaled colonial possession which tho French nation Thrown away and de stroyefti nt tbe coiußuascement of thh revolu tion, wi ll a recklessness aiid improvidence of which tho previous history of tho. wo*T4 bad a horded go example.’’ Rcfewina to the inferiority of tbe negro race,, this accomplished writer says; If the negroes are inferior ia either vigor, courage, oriutdiigeiiee, to the European, how her it happened ib t they have remained for aty thouv'.cd years in the savage state'? It is impossible to arrive a5 any other oonciuMCn but that ia the qualities requisite to create and' perpejuate ciri.ii/,-fit -a, the Atricau is decided ly inferior to the European race, and if any doubt could exist ou this subject, it would bo removed by the subsequent history of the present state of tbe Uavtian Republic. One fact has been established. 'The longer this war exists the l:--ss slaves there will beat the close. Aa honorable peacp wiil save what there is left of the institution. Every one who does not desire to see ibis country reduced to the level of St, ; Domingo should do all in his power to have existing difficulties settled.— We shalktoever hare a peace, unless we take steps in tua'c direction. And the sooner those who wish hostilities to cease move, the Eooner will they see their desire gratified. The Situation . —At a public meeting in Leake county. Miss., it was stated that there was two thousand aud three hundred destitute persons in the county, families of deceased and living soldiers. Governor Clark, says the Beacon, was-petitioned by the meeting to con vene the Legislature at an early day, and that he recommend'd tax on the whole State to meet the deficiency in said county, and such other counties a; may be in a like condition. » One Cause ot Failure.—So long as our gov ernment keeps in high command military men who are guilty of *ha low and disgusting prac tice of dninkennesE. just so long will our coun try's cause remain in doubt, and the people be the victims of injustice, incompeteney and op pression. The people can have no confidenc® is such men. in either their words or acts. Lncoxsjstenyt iuowx rr.—The organs v: tv;- Richmond powers throughout the c - violently opposed to Ptate # convenrit-.; . though it is a eoa-tihn ional m .v.-meni. •... papers claim it is not. At the same the. them very papers are advocating tbe uncenstbut!. - al ideas of the Central Government inlt-tfc-ri:.- with slavery in the States, and celling cut foreign powers oh the emancipation pr< ju Tho Columbus Sun tells these gentlemen—why think everything unconstitutional which tk m not originate in their fanatical heads—s ine plain truths. Here they aro : “The objection urged against n Convention of the SVntes, or Inter-State negotiations of peace, by the Administer-tkm' p-.q»e-s tI.H such a measure would be u«c •mrtiir.r >d:i'- : that it implies the lissolutiinr of “ (•, :fo.:. ate Union, and ia rot therefore pr:-.t-;ic: : The Euquirer and the Sentinel, at RtcinuotK], each have made this objection. “TheConstitutian expiossiy forbids ' ■ oral Government, to interfere in any « . the question of slavery. Any prop ■>, therefore, by K to foreign powers. ha-Vd i the policy of emancipation, would be «ne»-.-.<' tutional and revolutionary; and all fir tions bagod upon interference with si-.* l the States, cau only look.to a dis*;'m:«.v. ot the Confederate compact, since all sms; props - eitions are in express opposition to tbo* to; mo, of the coihpact. But we have seen that bo b of those journals are now prepared to \r gradual emancipation i/Engl and 'aud - F ran.- will signify their willingness to w-ccgrd- ■ra i ’ consideration therefor. They ure \.-ij„ ; advocate a dissolution of the Ooufedcr;- :■ com j pact, and establishment ot' an impwiui term j Government in its stead, whenever ti- •; ■ : archies of Europe signify their v/'liin 1 •to j recognjye ns upon such condition.; but they are not willing to advocate a Pea-vr iai-.ii.ii ■ | which does 'not look to .Centvaliz itinn. “Do you say that necessity supersedes ;•••; law. and that emancipation, or tbe ;. ■ •; of declaration of 177(5, may be justified r.i,i of Constitutional limits'? The 5... no ere ■ may be urged in favor of a general ere.;, • . inn of the States. • With this diti'eren- o. how ever : that in the former caSe the Cornuitipton must bo wet aside entirety and r.ur anc;-?.' system of Government forever fmimlfr.N'i; i-- as in tbe latter, it is only pi or ,-cd to r< lux. to practice the generally accepts.- 1 theory G: sovereignty —a theory upon whi.-h the Co.i: -; 1 - , erata.Goverumeut is based.” TUB CAPTI'UE OP AVI j ,V! i SUTOiV—VI -tO !6 TO BhAVSK ? [From the Wilmington Carolinian ] We thought the port of Wilmington was to be kept open., Davis knew its value; Gen. Lee felt its worth. Why was not tton a sufficient force sent to prevent i+s full ? H is the mystery. Hero the problem for some wiser bead than, ours to solve. Our exchanges express surprise and Indignation at'Be cap.ii---?. Northern papers looped tor a long and bio. .ly seigo. No one felt that it could be so easily wrested from ns. Yet, almost ia the twin fi ling of an eye it slipped from our grasp. The question now is, upon whose b<x.d is thoblome to fall ? Not upon Gens. Bragg or.reeks, ft;;- it has been demonstrated sofeahtoilty i- ia; *: ,r. they done all they couid. Not upcm Gc.i- Whitiug. ot Col. Lamb, R>r they lr>i;.p„: unsurpassed bravery, ami ccly ciirtv.- - -I. whan, with wound upon, wound on their r.o sons, the lust spark of hope had fieri. If cot upon these, with tho facts of the case, os Levc briefly prcdontod, who is the guilty my; ? V’s pause for a reply. „ •[From Richmond Ex amiiv v ] Tho Joes of cur best port by the fell of Fort Fisher will be no evil in the end, if it serves to spur the country on to decisive ;e ion. Goth ing can be more in.d<;rft,.,3 »n.u deplorable t ran io sit Brill, harmoniously resigned and hep. - fat, while our resources and army are gam bled away in foil view, by i wea’k but sumptuous cfiidai. Nothing ft; more absurd than make-believe “good cheer,'- and bun combe “confidence” in the face of manifest c -.l fatal mismanagement, AU the eloquence nod the blather in the world will not alter iM.- -., or prevent the people jfom thiukitig on them Are t e people of this 'country lighting tor U.h glory ot Mr. Davis from Missisd;. and, or dc feuding their liberty, lives and pro.-nty ? If they wc doing tlie last named bmlnces,. they oannof justify themselves to their own con science or to posterity, in abandoniii-r their »,f. fairs any longer to the uidimitc !, uaeontrolled and udeontested discretion ot t-'-isous y:ho daiiy fntnish new p'oois of uosialfuiaess, and hid judgment, and defective charaefeiv [From the London rhors.] TO E.M.VI AKKTt'A A. QATVtEL, OF COV-NQTON, GEORGIA, AMERICA. Yopr letter addressed to your Graridfitlier, containing the iiiteliigfcxco «.f your Father’ n death, baa reached us this. dtiy.’O’otober Ist, 1804. Several letters during tbo past twelve months have been written to your fath- r, it. foimiug him ot the decease of both of Ids pa rents. These letters cannot have been received We all eurcestly invite you to come as as possible to England, where propmty and a most .affectionate welcome await, you al > two sisters. Write at oueo to your laic Fall. ou'.y brother, and address your letter to birr; at Covington Honse, Hamden Road; London. Confederate nowspapms are especially entreat ed to copy this advertisement MYlh reference to the above, Miss Daniel, will apply to Sfes-n* John Fraser « Cos , of (iharlestoß, S. 0., Do. Rossct & i'-o.vn; of Wilmington, who have been requested t :> ...,al;e every provision for their rate transit Mas sun, N. P., or to Bcrmade, from wire.tec n pas sage to England will at once bo obtained* for them. • J..,-) T. Bc-uw; St. Georges, Bermuda, December fi, D-,;i. • The Supremacy of the Civil Law -Impor tant legal Decision.— Judge L,- H F. a;irers ton of Alabama has recently * vindicated in a most signal manner the gimrem; y of the civil law ia his judicial circuit, His decision—a most- inmorteut one Ls tbo cltty n in tic tenauce of his civil rights was ihado in a Y.o-a of habeas corpus issued -bv. l.im. The soc-t-s were as fnltews: —Dlaiol ling Offitflr of tfte < . ; county of Oowctdi enrolled Peter A. Towers, alleging that bo was subject t<r conkriu : .fo:l' and liable to be enrolled for military u; vie Powers was a hack driver on mail route from Newnau to Franklin and had been, for twepty months previous to his enrol ment, and .H ! such had always been exempt from mbit..-ay service under the exemption acta of 'Cong*-. -. . After his enrollment he sued out a writ of boos corpus before Judge Featherston ami La.: Tibbs personally served with a copy thereof Tibbs disobeyed the w»it and sent Powers a t once to a Camp of instruction at Macon for assignment to service. A few drres thereafter the time arrived for the hearing of tho cure;, but Tibbs tailed to attend and -produce the body of Powers, together with the cause of ifis detention, as directed and required by tho or der of his Honor to do; whereupon »«: adju rre? him to be in contempt, and pas-ed an o.<b-r reqairieg the Sheriff or bis deputy to ape-aa liend him. and him imprison in the common jail of the county without bail or tsafo —ps until ho should comply with the legal m>. date ot tho court. The coxsseqnence v >3 tk -1 a runner. wai dispatched t.» Macon tor Fo#; Le was remanded, and wii! have accorded t« him the full measure of his civil rights. sa mi The grape culture, alter years cf p - -.-il su«- eess, will it is said, have to be give < ■ p in the vicinity of Cincinnati, on account of the vicis itudes of the climate, VOL, LSXIV.t-NE’W SERIES VOL. XXIV NO. 5 lb r t .-:n from iucrmoxd. | | [arECIAL C. nllK-rONDF.NOK OHBiONICLL & SENTINEL] j Peace Rumor*—BMPs visit—His mission— Ills p.. ye! «■ secret—Doings of CKonjresa— Feelings of the •members—War men getting sha kg, iCc. • Ru uMOjp), Jan. IS, 3800. A g-cnni of returning peace appears on tbe daifc ie.j t;-.on, but one almost ft .ns to contem pince it lest, like m ignis fulmis it may vanish, *■ yd cause a- fivdi disappointment. Lion. Frank LMair, of tV'a'-hlngteii, hqs arrived hi the city, ar-d is sojou dug with Lieut. Col. Hatch, of '.'he Exchange iftnc-iu. It is certain that bo called'upon aim 8e ol War, and had a long ini : v yvtih that functionary. He c--a,:.-. i.:i a peace . n of* some sod. One of the current surmise, is shut* tbo object of 1 is visit is to our O evernment that the ; ’ V. a iii,ip e.\v,:ii receive eom.- iu-.- f u-.-. t-s : ent fiom Rkaunoral, to m-gotiafe .t pc.:;-.*, bu» lids ft; only coiijtata; *. the rt: • ir.:-;k;.b'c tv-j-.ccy with which the mission bas f;a;; ions i«r conducted *.u*’cs it an air of mys tery wl-ich intt•}■.••:>>: public! curiosity, uis wortiioy of iiotiCe in' this connection j i t-ba't . all the peace resolutions heretofore j submitted Ha.*..oof Roprescutativeshave b--ca !ip;i«-d buck ftiiia tho Committee ou : Fmvif-pvAOafo-, w-d j:.id ». oon the table. On ! motion of a member of that coiamitte, fh-.i . 11.iU.-re thou a-..;* I, if into seeiet t.o Coo. j abler a r .i; i. :-po;\ no. •“foporjaut*’subject” which L 6 had uUnift. Tko’qidd uuncsof ouiree conue. av. V. .in- -art with the itlair mission, aud it wy- *.*, id.-pered that a resolut on ; for the ;M»poi.utincrre of peace commissioners was under cc:.Ai f! ei'ation in -eerct sc-sion, but I hftv’c rtu.iOi; I believe that the report treat ed rsdnsf of:: v -. >.• i . yK-scciiiing the wc,r than of bringing i i.o a cireo There la. hoivsv:a, a strong current, in Con- Rr-'C4, in iv.vor of ctigori-ition, and I would not j be surprised.an v - -y to be ir that some ot the Ultra . .h* >.i-ti l::i given their sunport 'to a ;wope--:lioa i’-o hoi*; !■;■ out the olive branch, they begin to pcr.raive area ti Isirge number of a-ia yi,to 1.,..-., i; il*n,i sijrao ifi-octioal ef fort id).:.'i be made toesfocfcamiioitorablopeace —n * . rati or ;oi - o our iWiXicty io b** let but' overture.; which wifi eompell tins enemy to accept cr reject tho naked propi sitioo to refer ’ ill t! s . « ;.. - ’ ■ . tors .who ■«■:!. :f it b.; p*'-a IF;-, ay. upon some plan of ••..ijustmaent which wiil bo acceptable to the ireople Govi'ruurui';; Fa sidi;3. The Blair misMou may now prevent do the nee* rely of such overtur* .- -i may cause them to bo made. No one kno-ws what a day ihuy bring forth. Monthose, rou Tiii* cuy.aN sole .v sen-nnll. THB CONBTStt iTfi.'re.LftST OJH *TAT 13 iUUili-. Mu. EniToa ; Faith, hope and charity are L3 good for 01.. '£. soul in •- Lose times ot cant, as an bo - * t cor.fcsr.ion. ’> i.ciefore i was not tur pGr.ed to s*jc that Cue Elitor of .ha Constitm ■ ; - -a Sunday mo matins, to iireui?-. i:i a little holy anger to v *id* ; ■ -a, v.ay of & neutraliser of !he . !ft„n ft. fa. • . are- .. too* doleful news of which ft'O wa*= ft nd to (-.tail patriotically to the pub ic- Thu Editor ■■* the position of do (fta la: ~,- of ML-T.uriau'* aud Ken . - h those iliint men o,<uid not <fo jo tu ■ •*.-% Will he. deign # InfOiiam-.’—at!;* r;-. rerof i i*j joUrnal-.-itpou whiw •und.* ... ,aas Die dociidiic—new even io c e lights of the *• State gov c«.iijuty: ’ si-liuol- -1 -iat a State can ba consid tied out of ft’ciieral Union 'by tho mere coicfitrrcii: .or.: ;ayd' :« Governor and Lcgislu-* i'tre v.-iihout tho. Hitnclion of its people"? If Missouri be,' :;•* trft; > y aiont, a member of the Dor,federate i-Ua -a merely because h temporary gov -mment k-a-- .■; and her. people, without their lea \'i', iikr; u) hi ,'iv feudal tser/s ovov to a ! * nuw ieaity uo. cbea, iucieod, lias (ho cjoctruio ”». r-ifo . c State iutlppcndenct;' 1 <m- -urnoU a phaao v,hi.-;h camuit commeud it io those or maniicod and : .tiouni pries;i snfficieot t-> preyen! them becomioj tin victims of needy politicians and the tools wherewith are en forced tire “ j.uonunciameatoa” of petty miii tn:y chie.'mics. VJUi ti.b L-litor ni.-.o inform me, further, how of Kentucky w sre it ■ re eeated in lue Goiivcnsi >u which, it L« claimed, took her out ci the • ttion V I was in that State about the time of the alleged Conven tion. and often heard, from Kontucßiafts of ait parties,.lns*ir, couid lie! bo fairly g&id to rep resent more than oi;e thin! of the suffrages of the .voting p.'ipiffffiion. Now, if fhis be* true, a. .a- auii.udv oi Kentucky as a Btato, and the pi . •) ot io.'u she has fur nish- *1 to the Fe.ict-.d area Confederate armies, during the tv..4 would seem to Jestify, I can cos cee t •; conD uaa-y of the Editor of tbe C->:re a a.;-. ;iu uying to tho iafe Conven ii blit <a -portion of her population, tna same author ity to take that *■ iiidi-p<:.i:dcrit ,? commoiiweulth ireck into the old Union which ho ciaiuis to have been ai*.re-tod in tre parlial Convention which tletit-iod ]\.-.nujqky out of it. •Jire a poor rill* that went work both, ways.’’ A. man’s patreotfsm 'and. sational prejudice may •lften blind ids i.yw to truths so far as to lead him into palpable errors which wiil only serve D* Tju.e m th*dr consequences the cause he are.MiS m> itdvufi* a. 'I fie Editor of the Cansti tui;on?.!:3t, r.<* doubt, .believes M* ->,ouri auu Kentucky k-.rei m inficrs of the Gonfedcr-icy uocaubo he w.e'is o to believe. He thinks, ;co, the i;fo foi .a.:.;-; t.; : sympathise with im be cause ft,ay ■ *.;e ownei**. Aud nil 1 ids in aj.Ue id the la.:!- -ft.*■ *.h« sWtitudc of ibe *ov erevai i.fo of tlio: j States towards us b,is been ut ie. I p.L-.sivc v. iici) not actively hostile ; aud tii.it ''a ; have fiiiidDitd fcur.tccniih! to the Nation -: uimy tvhare they have furnished one to the Oonfodera*;. A Soumeu O: tho Army-of the Potomac. Gov. Bki!>v,vhT!uj>ucers—War are the dona-’ ngogues ■:!•*:,-jnf.-1,,- Govaroq? Brojrn ? Is it because ho ha-- >i*y ■; -,o dp; duty Ib it because ho has adoaioi-Jered the ’affair* of tho State with i-uch murki-d ability ? In il; because he would ..ot his ancient princi;. !<•«•' Is it because be has defended state sovereign* ty, and protected the ri ghta of Goo gia, and the lighijs or hsi ■ in the ibid ? Is, it bdoaurs be oppose-;: b’c-iewi usuT 15a •■i ' . - -c,- be is - p ••• • :-u prdvided ibr the i-.'sifiit-iv; Htj-c:• y.rf- 1« ft be- CUBo h« proVld.'s ( if‘flii‘s of si nississ; :-:-i tue.Geor gia Boidior, •-•••!:«v;-.lie be :•:. Uio Genff-d nate array or ;j:att scr, -v T.i it beeaino he called ipto ce the hilii io help drive the toe from North- ra Georgia •' Is it because _ the militia ti-.-vb g->oe to *>■ defend • ber sister BUtei?* U Ci-es-s tho-niii is have fought BO b''.'.*>rl j s- tbe-boutfit Ot Isiß Oilt-lid «p«» {, ■> ; L <• >; bo will continue to oiiV.ud, re , :*k :.i -•; '» *. '•**'»>*<** tools o: cciitrui t (■ "if*s*’ 1 i f - — ■*. IMPORT.4-W Vnxi.'ios ■ Iu the case of Wil lK?:t Ke'ftj, .!« a policemen of the city of Sf-.’-.- - > . i;s.b“a» corj-v..;, Ihe Supreme O- - n--.rf-.wd a daemon on ye-;t-:-r ..L. j. ihtioijors liable* to cou ■ iph . ill erfy marshal. Tne groond of the diriinc •••:-. <r.- under.) land to be that the city dv I-;, which is a public law, i.s.nln-s jr; •: protv -> for ?. marsh*!. w-ile Uie pa*, (icemen hold their office? under municipal vr . 1 . cision • 1 'be •.•:.«» •ieprivic«. our city Ot 1,0 - V St : . .-V '- • • ■ ; ; t. i.-ii* it'd •■■■; ■ - oi-r.harped lh- .£1 hii - ci : . . ■* c-ar-%' v i.-ii ■ .s. .- h Ivr d'Jiu.diinis, wo .earn, ikrJgn for —;t should be overruled —Hont‘jo:n'.ry Advaiiaer. COXFEDKH '.T3 6TATKB COSSREsS. SENATE—DEC. 31. j The Committee on Finance reported a bill , to autnorj;;-: the I'oslmasler General to draw and use t!;e umounts of Confeiicrate money : deposited with government depositories by the vr.iious postmasters throughout tlie coun try. house—dec. 31. A rceoßsideratic-n was moved of the joint resolutions, passed by the House -on Friday, explanatory of tho act reflating to tho pay of Clerks, with a view to making some verbal amendments. The question recurring ou tho passage of the resolutions, they were lost yens 27, nays JO. , # On motion, the vote was reconsidered, and the joint resolutions again referred to tho Ju diciary Comihittee. The House took up ami coDsideusl tho bill reported from the Committee on the Quarter master and Cominissavy Departments, to pro tect. the Confederate Stcfics ngai* «t f r »n..t. i’endiu:; the consideration of the bill the House adjeurued. SENATE JA”. 2. ’ Resolutions were .offered embracing a plan to improve the currency, which were-laid on I the treble end ordered to be printed ! , Tbe following w< r*i passed : A bill to be en i titled an act to authorize the appointment of certain tux chi -< ra for the Triins Mississippi Department'; House bill authorizing tho can , collation of .ur per cent, bonds aud certifi- . cates received inpayment of taxes. p HOUSE—J AN. 2, The special order the bill to increase the efficiency of the Confederate cavalry—was to ken up and passed, ar- follows,: “A bill to increase the efficiency of the cav alry of she Confederate States. , 4 . “ Sbdtiok I. Tlio.l.’ongr :fs of iho Confeder ate States of America <*•. enact-. That whatev er ariy.rvgiineut, I**; * -*■: . {-...- ccnioany ot c'av— ■ally is servin:: in any fijta.o oifo-r than tint which it was original ly recruited, tho tieeteta ry of War z-.piß be autJioriz.-d, upon applica— rion from tbe General cOrAmandiDg tbe army wfeli which it is serving, to cause Die Quarter master lit too bnnredi i:coam-yid to take up on his property return the horses tit for service ridden by the enlisted men ot such comma?.l and Dm horses thus taken up shell, when the provisions of the second -section ■ ;-f RC ( shall have been complied with, become the property of the Confederate P- *re-. : „ n ,j sll ,j; be branded willi the !g?tor of tbo company aLd uumb-randifoliate ( .f the. re ; Uncnt to **“™ bclotssf. Company ccunnanders , a 1 1 -'-dpt to the Quariemester rtb- tho norses tons tair-au up, atu? each u:.u shall lie allowed to rtac.iu for use in the service, the horse that was* in hi:; poi-CAasion when thus ta ken up; and at any time that ffhe horses of those men become unfit for service, their place:) shall bo supplied by others, to be fur nished by the Government; or, such men may, b.T order of the General commanding the army to which they belong, beus-figeed to companies from thair rtspecflve Slates iu some other branch of the service. ‘.Section 2. Aboard of appraisers shall be appointed by the comma;cling General of the • army to which swell regiment, battalion or company ft, atiacluu, which shall upptaiso the liors-. i s thus token; aud shall aka distinguish Utcin ns belonging to clsses one, two, three and t. ur: according to quality. and the owner of t! o horse shall n- -ke hi:> electiou to receive at once from the quarter master of bis command ■ ' icati ior a. ii-.a.:-,; -! ifio Class -o which his belongs to be furnished him by Iho Government ot the Confederate States six. months after the ratifi cation ofti treaty of peace with the United States; which certificate shall be approved .by tlio commander of tho brigade to which tho man belongs. “Sech. n •>. When any enlisted man serv ing m cavalry becomes dismounted and is un. able to remount himself* upon the certificate <n his immediate commander, approved by Fig brigade and. army commander, that he has been n gallant and faithful 'soldier, and takes proper care b;:i hoise, tbe (piurterrn‘i3ter of his immediate commend shall furnish him u. lnn:-c, suitable for cavalry ser vice. for wnjcii his cojiipAny commander siiail receipt. “Section -1. The Spcrffiary of War shall cause the Qnaterrnasiet General to make tm meitiate arrangement- tor procuring bomes, rentable for cavalry, iu sufficient nnmbers to supply, from time to time, requirements of tire, service under this law. He shall also adopt such regulations for the recruiting of 0,1 u 7 horses, the property of the Govern merit, and of ca valrymen who have not; the iociliuos for recruiting their own horses, as ha may doern proper. “Slction 5. Whoa any cavalryman faffs to take proper earn of his hoise, ftuatcMes or absents himself from ' his coiurpand without leave, or commitd any v;aut., n ft,suit or injury to the petwm <*- offany loyal citizen, o, tae Gonletua-ate or otherwise shown hfiup&'i urmt for fiervico, bis brig ad©c*r other commander shall report the fact to tee G; nera- comnmnding the array to which he belongs, si ail assign him to some compa ny from bia State of some other arm of the serv ice, and any brigade tjr other commander hav ing knowledge oi such facts and. shall fail to report the. same to the General commanding the army, slrelfc upon trial .and conviction, thereof by a court martial or military court,- he cashiered a. and put i r the infantry ranks. “Section fi. Any cavalry officer of the Con fedc-rate States service, who shall fail to exact from-the m- u unoer hh- command proper rare of their hor.y-o, or Dial! permit pillaging, ma rauding or forcible * > changes of horses by men under bk comnland, or shall fail in any other respect to preserve proper discipline and efficiqp '/ in hincoiemaiid. i.Uall, uuun proof of the facts,_certified to oAlie brigade and di vision command era io which he belong, he, by order cf tho commanding General, sns pended from ce-nmand, pud upon conviction Before , comt marsi’-1, be dropped from ! roll:, an-.': com-viiWl into the ranks ‘‘.-si -Mox boSi-c i t-iry-ot War, unde*; the dhectien of the Prcdideut, shall immediately . tne of ibis act, cause aKp.dfo be i-‘i. nto f -tiiiithe iiiiportotiou of A j a n arid reguinr iuhpiy of povalfy arms, of the most approved paUi.-ms, ami of s- je h ammunition fhoi-fcfor as cannot he mani> ft 3tured in tho Con _federate .States, and also of such amonnt of envaliy eouipmeuts S;t jfo reay d<».m atcessary. ‘ f.- eijox », of War, under tbo directioH of t*v Pirai.laat, shall cause to bo procured stud i.-su -I to esv tiry officers, under such j! ions f rescribe, the roost approves! work on cavalry ladies that can bo obtained." 'Has bid having been passed, the House ad journed. SENATE—.IAS. b Joint reso’utiona r.f the Florida Getrislaturp wore present erf, reiiucmi-ia the Senators and i,opr ec;:,t;from 1 1,- I r. y.-,ai.-j to n«e their i’-'l'ic-ns u to have re-enacted the pro-eot law s- providing for the e?te,bls»hineut and ruyinent ol civilccs ror.ii ci-rta'n dc-scription of property taken or in.'omaliy impressed lor tho use of tliC army.'’ A rcsohdion w;-i ii>freduced that the Pres-i --*«leafc oi !;.• . niid i-ipoake:- of the House of Kepi-.-: ::•!;< -:,:i their re.-ipeetlve hi- -is at if i. on Tin-:<J;«y, the 24th iuat, until the -It •to July, Irf<>s. Laid on tho table. Senate bill lrf:i, to • rovide for the ooiapewM. tjon of pc-n-oiis v/i.--- ; claves have been lost while in the ■ -rvic-o of the Confederate StatxM, wfiji t.vkci» up, amis«ied and passed. The bill reads: • *• ift« CV-:«.c -ss- t' • : "'»! • uo; Ataerio<; do ei-ud, That where ft:: ;! to tbo Con;v<t--jol;: Htrths boforo the passage of toe act ‘to is.-. -Ji: the efficiency of the army by ttie empSoym ot of free negroes and slavca in certain capacities/ approved f thruaiy 17.