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■*; v> * .lx that it lie on ~ • fit a bill which r * * u '- a the Cherokee ‘ V;v:*. y f '.. ;a fox*^ -f . . .. \ to imwle i ! "'* " : L ,»i (.! ‘i,a merits of ac:» *r iS'i ■- —‘** ib ' d ' xjoeran and Ilihon. _ t The m ~ - lUI aBT . expired, the jlv' -" re:-«raea t jt} .... n os tha exemp tion hill "* ij,. : i;tj clause relating to thwte’-cm: '■ " ' •of the gospel,” debate, and to ; were offered.— ’ ;Y ’ V \ • _ o :. • • ihject, the tod allow ance ■ ■ j. .;s of the Gov h: ; the Judiciary . , • : - . s The hill and , to facilitate the set* ticia—• ol of deceased soldiers and off ..41 i by ! * on ■ : .-a of the office of Fourth Auditor, v. ■ i:i? led to the Committee . potted back bill to sec :n* in .re .-••lly the preservation » id <ii. Vi : tii • i:U act- of deceased sol diers. Ordered to he printed. HOUSE—JAN. 14. The IL•: a : hill amendatory of tuo act proidi:.;.; for focal defence and local gervic ■. ALo, a Senate i lint ror.olution of thanks to General ie, Colonel Gano, and the their commands, for gallant military service. . The li-iu-nnteo j ■ ■ and a bill to provide for t in* I.l> nu-.t ia' proves, marshals aud military A Iso, a bill to inert .use the compensation of tii'.- ;■■■•' - • to give him the pay and allows iic.s of colonel of cavalry. foi ins [deration the ■ • ion hill. Huvoral attempts were ■n v . ... : ..n 1 recommit At to the Milk v G.i.vok l ee, out they lailed. Ai- i- . o; .!• i•• :e:npting all ininia i • ■; . :.ii in <bo discharge of tin-;r (J-.'.i ■ ,t • li'chof February, 1864 A i.i.i- -ini-nt to exempt all mechan ic:. at :l • or and. over foriy-five years ol ag.-. I' ib-r ii : . ■■,. ••! ' .1 in the prosecution of Ih- ;•< : :: i ■ . :ght. white persons in th ,i . p--.-i.-i -i- ii tip m, »n:iall such p:: in ! anil', who would have boon eo ex ■■ . Utd they been at homo. O' . all .. ( ; the bill the House adjourned. H--.US .JJAX. 14. • hi • . . .. v.- ..:i:u up, when it wr.o Mi'-(, t the old exemption clan i-in , , i (pH p,•(•;». The hill and arm ...im- • ii lly laid on (he table. '!-■,i . .. '. ..Piled to.examine : as Mr. ji'ool l ; u- .. ill from ll ; H [lent v." u. . v i. ■ . --r mi.-nt ly fout.tl is 1 Use enemy's , i woul i be .. . • o. ommittee - ■ itutefor the »«- port ol the commit 4 co, .. r. solution in effect F.-atu bo discharged Mr. Coi'.r I. . siana, moved that a* the : . ? without privjj ; g<, the who I rod hack to the I’rtrid r.l . 1 ! - m ii- , , w: h.h motion was . adopted. SENATE—JAN\ 10. A rated i "o. v. .• -.iM.'il the Commit tee on Fin-re- • ■ , eti ! •:■ cuij lire into th« expediency, of providini. or the i -ire ol ctir iflic to 1> •!in t• payment of present :,nd lu'ii.e dV . I-. -t! :--il! , • i-ovcinrucnt it, ih, , or impressment of corn, wheat, oats, coit' ;!..lob:icco. ( Ule, meat, leal! ifil*, iin . . saidcevtifi atesto be issued In sums of m -• less then one hundred dojlurs, mssignabl-.' by <ml . nt, payable twelve inonti - i' ‘ wu» Cos '.:in an alter native ohiigniioa Us r. .'.riij. in kind a similar quantity and. ij.iniity ol ii. objects impressed or purchased, or to pay (iicinurketvuluuthoic of at.tlie tiii'o of iiiip.re meiit or purchase in specie wiih interest >' ... on at ih • rate of six las cent, pci nui;:..e, ;.t die ip, : ..:; of the hold er.’’ The Com ;il ; e;t id o e reported back with nuiiiniimeuts, It o ' bill to provide more efectually i 1 die reduction and redemption of the currency. The followin'!; :.ve ; U, mneridments proposed by theeittmiuee: “Strike on: a. t ion two arid insert in lieu • ti. '■ .- rey bo and is h - by directed and required, when ever in h . judqr.rent the e.w ncics of the Ceremi:-. n. it. • ■.•nvi, from time to tii oi I’reasury • notes as may he f c.-ived ialo t.« Trcamry, until the iur..-"!i' ci:' ... Ini .ii ;!! have bn-n reduced to t. hundred lillions ol dollars. i ii; i.f the tii'ih ctiou after the word ‘'lTea.-ury,’ in the twelfth line.” .hob 1 ..... i, ' * ihe tab o and the amend ments oideri'd to he pii ited. eeo .T. to whom was referred the rerehitimi lvi.uive to the increase oi the salary ot the Vic ■ Pre. blent of the Oon i'l'dt'rate btuti'H. i , ie.’a '.ill to increase the hrovry of the Vic ' .ident to $9,000 per an num advance. The bill war. con.-ie.. • ip.. and lorthwiUi sent : down to the '. on. '. The Commutes- on F'mau .-» reported hack ad versel > j ini ies lu . ■ trnl ig the act of January, 1864, increasing the salaries of Gov oinmeut i'u:;)loy" • in t!.i c ity of Richmond The res lution was laid on th-.' tilde and its further cousidr i atl'.'U iudi-anhcly postponed. .. SEX ATE - JAN. 18. Tiit’ following resolutions were adopted : Resolved. That the Preside I be requested to communicate to the Senate the information jwknl for in tbo resviutioti of the Senate, adopted in Norcmbrr la:;'., as to the number of pvfbous in '••iate ex mpto i from military service by ' •••:; b claimed as State oiUceis ; end »1 .> the Luther information in regouse’to. tbe resolution of the Senate of .the 9th November 1 sine to the number.of ex emptions ami i: l '' ’. is tor express, telegraphic, lixhml oouap i ... which the phief of the bureau of e.-t oi-'pt on . fated in ins ii tier co nr.iunirui.’d to ii:e S 'no in part response to said resolutions, was ihen beirc procured. Resolved. Tb u tno Committee on the Jn di hr 7 enqu’ro into the expediency of author j; . ; : ; e >.. v duo to prisoners in the hands of the'cue:;.y to be drawn by parties properly empowcrtal to d;.:w the same iiostt’x ' the President of the Con- j fed -■ . . j furnish to tue Senate the j ni: .-an , ioi sv.bd'tence and clothing j.-; .a.-;. :• to c.f. •:.■• on duty in the city of Bi iimot i fas ie last twelve months, with a j table s’ v . -of the officers sup- j plied ar.d vue o . wi.,eli they ate asrign- | A message v. ? received from the House an nci.'ncing t. •, . a the lion. Simpson 11. j Miip.m, lbs , .... ,; sv the State ot | Mr. Wi ■ feeling terms I - l*Ocd...ca ox. •• *«v as toe tallowing resalut: .-: . ■ ■■. , : deep sens:)-'; • . - ■ Mutative i ;n \ : fyas tiota to tlm i l': ■ ' " ' . oi Li, ' • t.rned Thi ' ion of y .was, on it.-. 'r■lt . e •>. o. tor to- [ morrow at :. e- . A bill tv '*a ;.ct to amend an j raittee oh Commerce. HOU.se —JAN. lo* The House discussed t v port duty of five o bill to levy an ex and tobacco ' ,«nts in specie on all cotten secret - , alter which the House went into session. [From Macon Confederacy.] . A KKCKLEEfc A£SKRTIO.\. The Augusta Registerof the 21st, has a lone editorial upon the subject of a Convention. It travels over a column, to revert to the single fact that h-iferson Davis was almost nnanimors’.y chosen President by our people, and that tb& sons of Georgia flow to the rescue every time* he called upon them, and thus continued for two years in the unanimous support of the President. But then he says there arose cliquea“who knew not the King; (Heaven save the mark !) who ‘‘dared to cry out against him. who rules our country,” and that lhi3 party has grown to such proportions that it can rear its head and boldly cry out against the authorities.—He then makes the following reekluss assertion as to the motives of this "party” that it “ boldly calls for a Convention of the people of the State, to rid them of their allegiance to the Government, which it has cost us four years ol blood and millions of treasure,” etc., etc. Now we would like to ba7e the editor of the Register tell us if ho knows of a single Indi vidual who has called for a State Convention for this purpose. We very seriously ques tion it. Wo have but little doubt this asser tion is as hasty and thoughtless, as it is unfound ed and unjust. The editor may indead, possi bly know an individual or two entertaining such sentiments, but that the mass of those who advocate a Convention are so actuated, is what we most emphatically deny. We have seen a considerable number of per sons of late who lavur a Convention, but evory man who has thus expressed himself to us, has given as his reason for it, that he wants reforms in our Governmental policy, which wiso meo, have been urging for nearly three years, and for the lack of which, our present disasters arc upon us. These reforms we must have, 'and if a Convention is the best way to secure them, then let U3have it as soon as possible. V» r e havo not heard a single man give the slightest intimation that be desired a Conven tion for the villainous and cowardly purpose of ridding us of our allegiance to the Govern ment. Our case is a serious one, and requires de nied measures to be adopted. To secure the proper remedy, may require the employment ofthe highest exercise of the political power of the people. Those who favor a Convention desire only to place the State in a condition to exercise tiiat power, should it become neces sary. We havo heard a number of men advo cate a Convention for this purpose, but not one for any other. The edttorof the Register may probably have seen a man who wanted a Con vention to accomplish the base aud unholy ob jictii charged by him;but that the people who advocate a convention, do so from such troublesome motives, is a calumny and the ed itor of the Register ought not to make such charges. [From the Selma Mississippian.] ' CONFESSION OF CUR WEARNESS." . A portion of the Confederate press, when ever any proposition for ending the war by • sibie or practical means is broached, is ready o dt-nounc-it as “a confession of our weak ness” 'I hese valorous editors are very much alftrmcd lest some of their brethern will make :t "confession of weakness’’ by discouraging tire idea that we are able to whip all the world ami the balance of mankind. If we talk about negotiation or evince a disposition to escape the further horrors ®f war by encouraging in tevv -nfc'.'in in our behalf, it is a “confession of weakness,” and, therefore, not to be tolerated, it a man or a newspaper lots slipan expression which does not indicate supremo faith in the power of brute iorce, it is “a confession of weakness,’’ and very injurious to our cause! The time bis been when newspapers and ..oliticians could mould public sentiment to their own liking, but it is too great a draw upon the credulity of the public to undertake now to convince them that we are able to whip out all creation. It would be well for the peo ple of the South to understand their weakness —to confess it, at least to themselves—and make such preparations as the “woaknew” may require—to shape their policy according to the exigencies and necessities. It is pos tivi-ly criminal in those who occupy positions which enable them to see the great danger .ahead and fail to warn the people of it, or try to avert it through any ridiculous fear of ma king “a confession of weakness.’’ Better make the “confession” than to lull the people to a false sense of security by disguising or disclos ing real facts of the situation, and thus lure them to destruction. Editors and politicians gravely tells us that we are stronger than ever; and those who can not conscientiously join in this strain of cruel nonsense are ruining the cause by confessing of weakness! Stronger then ever ! with an army reduced from 000,000 to 200,000; and the best part of our recruiting ground wrenched from us! ' What miserable misrepresentation. Are the people all ninnies that they cannot see cur condition ? The fall of Atlanta, the unin terrupted march of Sherman through Georgia, his quiet occupation of Savannah, and the crushing defeat of General Good are much more palpable and damaging “confessions of weakness-’ than the proposition of the Rich mond Enquirer relative to the gradual eman cipation ot slaves to secure negotiation and in tervention to save us from Yankee dominion, or the proposition to arm our slaves. Let us hear no more of the twaddle about “confessing our weakness.” Let us know our strength, but let us not be blind to our weakness. With this comprehension of our real status wo will be able to avert impending evils by one means or another. But if we de ceive ourselves on this vital subject the most reasonable supposition is that we will rush headlong to destruction. Velocities of Sound and Projectiles or War. -Sound moves with a uoiform velocity of 1.110 feet in a second. The velocity of pro jectiles undergoes a constant retardation ow I ing to the resistance of the air. In the early par} of its flight, a ball from a cannon or mus ket out-travels tbo sound of the explosion which gives the impulse. After a tiras, in consequence of the progressive diminution of the velocity of the projectile, the sound- over takes the flying body, and immediately as sumes the load. In the latter part of its course ! the speed of the projectile is greatly reduced, i and the sound is soon far ahead, j A gentleman, who was near Howlett's on J tho occasion of a late bombardment there, | gives us tbe following results of his observa ' icons, which may interest the reader. Our ; ickv line was in advance of Howlett’s, about ; a quarter of a mile, and was about a mile from the enemy’s battery. The enemy's shells, be "v aimed and elevated for the Hewlett bat teries, passed over the heads of our pickets. At the distance above namemed, (one mile, as o Unrated,) the sound of the explosion and the rush of the eight-inch shell overhead seemed ■ tnu'.ianeous. Thu sound, which bad lagged ' ml the projectile up to that point, there overtook it. At our batteries, about a quarter of a mile further on, the sound arrived before the shell, by a perceptible interval. It was observed of the Minnie balis fired by the enemy, from a distance of aboutsix hundred yards, that file sound arrived perceptibly in adv ; nee ot the projectile. Minnies, from that n s Y.ia o, were nearly spent when they arrived i- -l ®" Plalv T'LKixd-'.The President lately vetoed the ’ft 1i 1 to transmit newspapers to soldiers Gea cf age. Units comiDg up the second rime, the House passed it over his veto, by ; maj oii'.v of sixty three to thirteen, and the '■ :e by a still larger majority. In the latter b 'iy. Mr. Graham, one of the senators from Noun Carolina, said: ' ■ • frequency of the Preident’s vetos t 0 ' wtspici h that he did not understand Vv, f s. It seems that he vetoed every bill i v.\-j - lie would have voted had he nin Congress. The veto power had never o so nn i-istood or exercised on this conti “ • ’ - w.is-given tho president to protect p -- : violation of the Constitution. He aiu not agree with the President that this bill v unconstitutional, and should vote for it.” Pretty plain language, and excellent sense, j Tns Meetix'' heard » in Upson County. —We have .. great deal about the meeting in Up *.on county—about its being a treasonable af fair and all that sort of thing. Yet the papers which denounce it, are not fair enough to pub lish the proceedings. If they did their read ers could see that ths storm raised was one of their own creating —for effect, that's all. Here is the preamble and resolutions which were read and adopted : Whereas, various questions of public pohey and momentous importance, are being agitated which i: permitted to culminate in malign par ty spirit, or bitter dissentions among ourselves, might be fraught with coneequences more dis astrous to our cause, than the combined Fed eral armies— questions the more likely to pro duce dissentions from the intricacy of their bearing upon the original landmarks of our political faith, and jeoparding in their issue, our consistency and honor us a people. The question of proposing to abolish slavery on condition that England aud France recog nise the Southern Confederacy, provided it should meet the approbation of the Southern people, could not be effected constitutionally and consistently, without first amending the State Constitution, so as to remove the pro hibition which forbids the emancipation of slaves; and for the general government to at tempt to carry out such an agreement, while the State Constitution remains as it is, guar anieeing as it does to the State, exclusive ju risdiction over her domestic institutions, would bean assumption of centralized po ver, which we trust our Government has no dispo sition to exercise. If therefore, our condition be such as to render such a course expedient or necessary, we thtek that for the sake of consistency and honor, our State Constitution should bo so amended as to meet the exigency. The same reasoning applies to the question of promising negroes their freedom at the close of the war, on condition of tlieir good faith and loyalty to the end. The question of making overtures to Eng land and France, for the Southern States to be come dependencies to them, is a initter of se rious moment, and shouid not be left to the de cision of newspaper writers, but to the calm, candid and dispassionate consideration of tho people; and we see no way by which such de cision could be so correctly ascertained, as by a convenlicm of tho people. Should it be thought expedient by a majority of the people, to make such an overtures, then two other questions would present themselves: First, which of those two governments would the State prefer to coma under? and second, in what way would the State avoid the degrada tion and dishonor of violating the Confederate States Constitution, which prohibits any States from entering Into any treatjgov alliance with any foreign powei? to answer which would re quire tho combined wisdom of the State. Therefore, with a view of ascertaining the true position and sentiment of the State on theso questions, aud with the hope that the combined wis lorn of the State might mako some suggestion that would ultimately lead to an honorable peace, Resolved, That we request the Governor to call a convention of the State at as early a day as practicable, and should it be ascertained through the medium of such a Con vention, that either of fho propositions to emancipate slaves, meet the approbation of a majority of the people of the State, In that evi nt we think the Constitution of the State should have been amended as to remove the probabilities to emancipation, and in the event it shoo 11 bo ascertained that a majority of the people approve the propositiou to cede the State to England or France, (believing as we do, that no Stats ought, or can of right be transferred to a foreign power, without the consent of the people) then, iuasmuch as the State itself cannot form any alliance wilh a foreign power without violating tho Constitu tion of the Confederate States, wo think in that event, that tho State Constitution should be amended ns to dolgato to the treaty-mak iug power the right to make 'such cession or transfer. Re olved, That we disclaim any intention or motive of violating the plighted faith of the State to her sister Confederates, or of intermed dling with matters that constitutionally belong to the treaty making power, hut we enunciate these expressions of sentiment, from a desire to remove obstacles, that seem to us, would in certain exigencies lay in the way of the sue cesssul and consistent execution of that pow er. North Carolina Habeas Corpus Resolutions —The following resilutioos iu regard to the suspension of the writ of Habeas Corpus have been intioducefl Into tho North Carolina Leg islature ; Resolved, That the privilege of the wpiTof habeas corpus extends no further than securing to the party under arrest the right to be car ried before a civil tribunal, to have inquired into his claim to be discharged or admitted to bail; and, that the Implied power to suspend tho writ,' contained iu the Constitution of the Confederate States, contemplates the suspen sion of this privilege only. Resolved, That tne provision io the Consti tution of the Confederate States, that no person shall “ be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law,” was meant to deny to the Confederate Government all power to make any arrests, except upon warrant from a civil tribunal, and that any arrests otherwise made or authorized by Consresa, or trials ex cept by due course of except in ca»es ari sing in tho land or naval forces or in the mi litia, when in actual service, iu time of war or public danger, ere unconstitutional and sub versive of every principle of civil liberty, and that North Carolina could not see a violation of this fundamental and reserved right in re gard to her citizens, without the deetiest con cern. Resolved, That Congress has no constitu tional power to Impair “the right to a speedy and public trial bv an Impartial jury of the State and District wherein the crime shall have been committed” by authorizing arrests other wise than unfler warrants returnable before the regularly established, constitutional tribunals of the country, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public dan ger.” Resolved, That until Congress shall see fit to organize a Supreme Ceurt, as is required by •tbe Constitution, any suspension of the writ of habeas corpus must naturally and necessarily operate, to deprive tho citizen of his constitu tional right ; and this General Assembly doth therefore protest against any legislation upon the subject whatsoever. Resolved, That our Senators and Reoresen tatives in Congress be requested to protest, at all times, against every infringement of the foregoing principles of civil rignts and consti tutional liberty. A New Port for Blockade Runners. —The New York Times says, now that Wiimingtbn is closed, the vi.st interests engaged in blockade runnin t will doubtless seek anew point on the coast, where they may still continue thuir traf fic to a limited extent. In this connection, the following Jotter from our Consul General at Havana, to Collector Draper, of this city, is interesting : United States Consulate General, ) Havana, Jan. 9, 1865. f Simeon Draper, Esq., Ck/ilecfor of ike Port of Xeto York : Sr* The steamr: Coquette sailed from this port on Thursday last, the sth inst,' From in. formation communicated to me yesterday, I believb she has gone to one ot tbe keys called “Cayo de Sal,” about fifty miles northwestly of Cardenas, to be fitted up as a piratical crui ser It will be welLto warn masters of ves sels sailing from yodr port to bo on their guard aga'iSrt her. She is about 225 feet long has two smoke stacks, lays low in the -water, and is wanted a light color—aimoet white. The secessionists here are making efforts to stake out the harbor of St. Marks, on the west ern coast of Florida, as anew port for blockade runners, so that they may enter with steamers in the night time. I am, very respectfully, • Your obedient servant, William T. Miner, H S. Consul General at Havana - The laws of Illinois prohibiting blacks from settling in that State have been repealed; The Monroe Doctrine.— Resolutions having recently been introduced to Congress, which bring this subject prominently betore the peo ple. we lay before our readers President Mon roe’s views on the subject taken from his an nual message of December 2, 1823 : “It was stated, at the commencement of the last session, that a great effort was then mak ing in Spain and Portugal to improve the con dition of the people ol those countries, and that it appeared to be conducted with extraor dinary moderation. It need scarcely be re marked that the result has been, so far, very different from what was then anticipated. Os events in that quarter of tho globe, with which we have so much intercourse, and from which tfe derive our origin, wo have always been anxious and interested spectators. The citi zens of the United States cherish sentiments the most friendly in .favor of the liberty and happiness of their fellow men on that side of the Atlantic. In the wars of the European powers, in matteis relating to themselves, we have never taken any part, nor does it com port with our policy to do so. It4s only when rights are invaded or seriously menaced, that we resent injuries, or make preparation lor our defense. With the movements in this hem isphere we are of necessity more immediately connected, and by causes which must be obvi ous to all enlightened and impartial observers. Ihe political system of the allied powers is essentially different in this respect from that of America. This difference proceeds from D>at which exists in their respective govern ments. And to the defease of our own, which has been achieved by the loss of so much blood and treasure, aiJtl matured by the wisdom of their most enligliteued citizens, aud under which we have enjoyed’ unexampled felicity, this whole nation is devoted. “We owe it, therefore, to candor, and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers,-to declare, that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this Hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safe ty. With the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered, and shall not in erlere. But with tho govern ments who have declared tlieir independence, and maintained It, and whose independence we havo, on great consideration, ami on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them, or controlling in any other manner their destiny, by an European power, in any other light than os the manifestation of an un friendly disposition towards the United States In the war between those now governments and Spain, we declared cur neutrality at the time of tlieir recognition, and to this we have ad hered, and shall continue to adhere, provided no change shall occur which, ih the judgment of the competent authorities of this govern ment, shall mako a corresponding change on the part of the United States indispensable to their security. “Tho late events in Spain and Portugal show that Europe is still unsettled. Os tlm irnpor taut fact no stronger proof can he adduced, than that the allied poweis should have thought it proper, on a principle satisfactory to them selves, to have interposed by force in the in ternal concerns of Bp*in. To what extent such interposition may be carried, on the same principle, is a question to which all independ ent powers, whose governments differ from theiri, are interested; even those most remote, and surely none more so than the United States Our policy in regard to Europe, which w s adopted at an early stage ofthe wars which havo so long agitated that quarter of tne globe, nevertheless remains the same, which is not to interfere in the internal concern/) of any of its powers; to consider the government, defacto, as the legitimate government for us; to culti vate friendly relations with it, and to preserve those relations by a frank, firm, and manly policy; meeting, in all instances, the just claims of every power, submitting to injuries from none It is impossible that the allied powers bI.Oi. and extend their political system to any portion of either continent without endan gering our peace aud happiness; nor can any one believe, tbit our southern brethren, if left to themselves, would adopt it of their own ac cord. It is equally impossible, therefore, that we should behold such interposition, in any form, with indifference. If we look to the comparative strength and resources of Spain and those new governments, and their distance from each other, it must be obvious that she can- never subdue them. It is still the true policy of the United States to leave the parties to themselves, in the hope that other powers will pursue tire same course.” Destruction hy Fire. —During the wars of antiquity it was an everyday affair to bum to the ground conquered towns and cities. Some fourteen hundred years before Christ the Is raelites entered Ai, and took if and hastily set it on fire, making the city a heap of ruins forever. Ossian speaks of. the fallen Balclutha, and Homer tells how the fierce Achilles laid waste Thiobe; and we read too of the unconquerable flames bursting forth from Tioy, and how tbo. Greeks rushed through the burning streets kill ing the Trojans to get to their families, from whom they had been absent ten ycais. These who follow Alexander’s career from tho ruins of liliuin to the destruction of* Per sopolis will find it one of iiicand slaughter. The Indians, upon revolting from Dari«3, ties troyed Sardis and the temple of Cyhele. Sub sequently Carthage, with Magalta and Rryss, were laid ip ashes; and lionis was peiTqitied by Almiiiasnua to hum six days. Afterwards Nemesis shook her burniug torch over Rome, and Carthage was avenged. For six days and seven nights the llames continued to devour the bouses of partician and plebian. From these fires ihe victorious leaders generally accumu lated a great amount 'of wealth. The greatest conflagration known in history was excited at Byziutian by the Greens and Blues. Tbe flames spread over the city destroying all the princely edifices and vast quantities of treas ure . . The Rondon five cf 16(18 wap one of the most celebrated conflagrations on record, though not the largest, De Fqe says a blazing comet preceded us as it did the furious year to her ald the great plague Evelyn my3 the lire was universal, leaping from street to street in a prodigious manner, and leaving nothing be hind but ruin. Eighty nine chiurhea, four hundred streets and thirteen thousand two hundred dwellings were destroyed before the fiery elements could be checked Tien there is Moscow whose history is filled with fires, seiges, etc. In tha last great fire, a ociated with Napoleon’s career, thirty eight hundred buildings were leveled to the ground, with thousands cf human beings in them. 7 wiee was the temple ol Jerusalem given (o ihe flaqjeg by conquering ieikio:i» The Psalm of the Speculator and Eomu proof.—Huzza boys ! fight it on*: no negotia tion until after we have whipped the fight; pile up the bodies of the slain In one coral wreath, extending from the Atlantic- to the Pacific! Let the rivers of America run scarlet with human gore! Let the land bo filled with mourning, with orphanage, poveity and trims; let the sword be the only arbiter in this dispute; take than my neighbor, my neighbor’s son, and all my wife’s dear relatives, place hem all in the arena; let the gladia urhvl deity slake his thirst in the life-current of ray fellow men, najr. even of my kindred also; but, O ! thou who sittest upon the iron throne, let me not fall a prey to tby body snatchers! I pray thee that thou wilt have me excused ! I will ry bravo when thou doest a clever thing; I will shout‘’reconstruction” when negotiation is proposed; I will toot for thee; I will assist in hunting down my neiehber for the shambles. 1 will do all this with pleasure, only let me feel that I will not have to fight.”— Columbus Sm. Peace Negotiations. —Let our people be firm as well as hopeful. Peace may come soon, but we do not much expect it. If the first step had been taken years ago, we might have been now at pejee; and it could have eeen taken, if President Davis had been will ing to allow any other means to be employed o bring it about, than those of his own sug gesting. The first step, however, we suppose isnow taken. The first s(pp in any great work -a very often the most difficult of’kli. It is hoperul ami encouraging, and good will come cf it though no immediate results may be ob- t j ined Let us b’ hopeful, but not expect too tnucu at once. —Macon Confrdoraey. Butler it is said will be exonerated from blame on account of failing to capture Wil mington, The SovEaEiGNTY of tub State/. We appre hend no one can be found who will claim in herent powers for the Confederate Govern ment -Th. powers ofthe Confederate Govern ment are only derivative. It .possesses no powers independent of delegated poner. The States created it, and fixed the limits of its powers Before the Confederate Government was farmed the States were sovereign, am i in dependent ol each other ns the most powerful nations of the world. The States in their sov -ereign power and capacity agreed to form a Government for specified purposes at and ohj -ets with strictly limited powers. The Conte.ler ate Gove maeni is merely a joint agency of and fc-r the States, and ought not to exercise any power not expressly granted to it by the States. The States retained their sovereignty unim paired, and have the right to exerc'so all the powers not expressly granted to the Confeder ate Government, who will dispute that prop osition. That being the fact, the rislit to reg ulate the industry oS ihe States, alone belong to the States. That right belonged to Ihe States before the Confederate Constitution was framed and adopted; and unless it can be shown that the power to regulate the industry cf the States was clearly granted to the Confederate Government the power remains alone with the States. The Confederate Government not only cl rims to regulate the industry of the State, but in fact does exercise the power to the in jury and sovereignty of the States. If the States have made such a grant of power to the Confederate Government, it devolves upon those claiming it, to point out. .lie-provision in Ihe ConstHution which coolers it. There is not the sligh test allusion to tho grant of any such power to the Confederate Government in ' the Constitution. The regulation of commerce is expressly conferred on the Confederate Gov ernment. That is an external affair of the States. The regulation cf the industry of the States is an internal affair of the States, anti reserved to the States alone to regulate ; aud the States—not the Confederate Government —have only the right to aid and encourage the industry of the States, by any and all means not inconsistent with tho Confederate Consli t lit ion. The power to regulate commerce by no tfieaus embraces the power to reg ulr.to the agricultural and other pursuits of industry in the States. He who claims the right, under the power to regulate commerce, confounds the plainest distinctions aud loses sight f>i the true meaning of the power to r g u ate commerce. Commerce is one iriing-, aud agriculture another‘and totally different thing. Commerce is trade; agriculture is tillage,'or sowing and planting. • Does any man believe the regulation of commerce implies a contract over- everything that is an obj -ctof commerce? if ao the Coated crate Government has a r ght t« control the white labor and capital ofthe States, and is not the Confederate Government doing this very thing ? Most certainly it is. The framers of the Confederate Constitution purposely withheld the power to regulate t e industry of the States from the Confederate Govern ment, and why did they d>it ? Because they knew to giro the Conti derate Government power to regulate the industry of the States was despotism, and a surrender of States sovereignty, and yet tho Confederate. Gov ernment exercises tire very power which was purposely withheld by tho States. Where ate - the great advocates of State sovereignty % They are at the for t cf Federal power, picking ujAUie crumbs that fall from its like, and unlike U.zinis of old, they look upon the ntgs aad nakedness of the States without a blush, an.! are wilting the days of Federal power should Ji'-k out she last senti merit of Stale sovereignty from their consoli dated breasts.— Makm Confederacy. Provost Marshals no Right to ArUkst Cit r/.ENS - The trial of two men—. Monday aud McPherson—arrested for treason by the Pro vost Marshal of Atlanta—Mumlay being charged, aud oorrectiy so, with,"since the Federate occupied Atlanta, superintending ihe shop for making and tnmming and preserving (Federal) ambulances, and receiving rations from llum, and that Mel’, erson was engaged as a clerk in file (JaartermxUsrg Department, camo recently before Judge Lcchraue, of Macon, on a writ of habeas.corpus, it was proved by highly honorable men, among them an honor able officer, that both were true Southern moo; that they had manifested th. i: loyalty by acts; and that their families were sick when the Confederates left Atlanta, aad were thus com pelled to stay there, and t ( <ere must support their families, and it could be done in no other way than the one adopted'. The Judge, in the first place, decided, most emphatic illy, that provost Marshals, by the law of our laud, have no right to arrest persons outside the army and navy If they take such authority, it is an arbitrary assumption of pow er. Ciiix.<ns can only, be arrested upon war rants issued upon oath and tried before civil courts. These rights are guaranteed in the Constitution, and it cull only be altered by tho people. Ho decided further, that these men were n<>t guilty and ordered I hem release I from custo dy. Incases v,hero men are compelled lo la bor to get something to live on, under circum stances where their own Government could gire them r,o protection, and in cases of this kind the law recognized the light of the party, .“to enter into an agreen-antof neutrality with the energy.” The law goes further, and when the enemy occupies a town in which a man lives, he may work to live. It is the law ot nature, and the law of nations recognizes it. • It is nothing more or less than the conquered submitting to the e u.quetor, aufl for the time yielding to the change. A man liable t&military service, and, w ithout just or imperative lessons for remaining, vol unteers his service, or-by joining the enemy in acts of hostility, or by ghfing infoiiuitiou to the enemy, cgaiust his. own Government, com mits treason and would be justly held respon sible for the crime. Any act of'aid or comfort, proceeding from motives of disloyalty, would bo treason; any act of aid, voluntarily done, would be adjudged treason For it is a solemn duty of every citizen, even when he differs With'the public policy of the Government, to maintain bis fealty and allegiance to it. It would be im possible to state what act may or imv not ho done legitimately, The whole case, with all its reasons and motives, must be presented and weighed with the attending circum fiances. —Columbus Hun. The Way CoKpjpExfla ?•; Pestrgyed.— Let it not be gaifi that public confidence has been sha ken py harsh and unnecessary criticism: such criticism never destroys confidence. Conti l dence can be destroyed * only by the Govern mc«i itself. Washington once declared that a general‘dissatisfaction the people could be traced to no other cause than a want of ca pacity, or integrity, or to bad management su perinduced by carelessness or indifference on the part of rulers. Monttsqeiusomewhere says that he “who cannot inspire public confided as was never born to iu!o ” A cool indifference to danger on the fi. Id, inspires the soldiery to deeds of valor; an ticseifi-.h devotion to the common cause inspires love and confidence among the populace. If a ruler would be lo ved and respected, he must be unselfnb,—he must have greatness of soul. He must not seek his own, bqt his country’s good The time has come when ttio-peopta look to -their leaders for an example worthy of tbo sacred issues at stake.— Columbus Sun. Tub. Atlantic Carle—A letter from Geo. Saward, Esq, Secretary and General Superin <Vmt of the Atlantic Telegraph company, to C. W. Field, aKer alluding to the absolute electrical perfection of the cable now -being made, states the amount completed uo to the 30-h of December at io o miles. Cable is now being made at the rate of eighty miles per week, wiihout hurry and without night work It will be finished by tbe end of the first week in June. Two tanks are on board of the Great Eastern for storing cable, and the third is rap - idi ty piogressing. J here it no re,ason to doubt that the cable will ail be on board, and the great gh,p ready for sea with everything. Mr. Saward has no doubt that the cable will be success billy laid and worked. -w » Wi Pr Aua. —Let the people start on this Impor tant business at once. All want an hem ara ble pease, and the platform is larg c enough for all. We want unity and concert! and there is a pa® all can tread.— floridian Cotton States. I The draft at the North will commence soon, j Tbe em’gtatioa to Canada has already com-! menced, ’ / feiirontclc & Henfinel. AUGUSTA, GA. WEDNESDAY MORSMG. FKBHCAKY 15, Wo Always stop the Cnaoaici.i & Sxktikzl at i» end oi tii,- year, or thv time Tor which it is paiil, of whirl! the lUbscribcr will receive notice in the paper, so that if you wish :o continue it.it wee rt be well to renew your subscription a easttwu wevksbefo -■ helimeciplres. We Cannot change vCrcsr of a snbscribci unlesshe (lives US h.sfqgincrusweliashis pnser.laddnss. Weekly Hates—Thepr co ofthe Wrtut Cheoxiqls o-"- L !si,s three months, twelve do liars lor Knits! Rnss:: Hays!: !—Xhepaperraakcrswant rags— “'r co.tou man, flax, oiii rope, etc. Is every vi’.iasethero jilaal to he a ray merchant, who should buy every pound of .rays he can vet from ail the >mrroumlir.« country.' We would Uke te hear from any who will undertake tobuvragsto make paper forthe Urboxicle & SiiaritTiu.. On receipt we wiHstateprice.etc.,etc. eOl THU FKOPLK. The troublesin the country have disheartened many. They begin to despair of the success of Republican institutions. They 10/tk to Europe and envy its tranquility. They are ready to believdHiat there can be no stable goven metit unless it is surrounded by monarchical forms. England, seated on her island throne, surveys the woild with a sereno consciousness of power. At home she maintains perfect order. Her re motest colony rests in security unier the pro tection of her powerful sceptre. Her fleets ride ths seas as if they were under .her exclusive dominion. Even France, imperial France, in the very midst of the great powers of ihe continent, preserves peace. She is armed to the teeth, but she is in repose. So, too, Austria, Prussia, Russia, ail are quiet. Even Italy, thearegion of volcanoes, slumbers as it the internal fires had never flamed up and lit all tho sky of Eu rope. While this North American continent is the theatre of tho mo3t tremendous war the world ever witnessed. The popular form of our government is be licv.-d to be ihe cause of the convulsions which shako the earth beneath our feet. But. i'?ter all, we believe iu the people oir faith iu humanity is unshaken. Not that we believe that the voice of tho people is the voice of God. Not at all. God’s government is the only perfect government. He sittefh upon the ciicle of the heavens, and His right hand holds the wide universe in an nnbroken harmony and peifeot order. We have always been shocked at the fl'p paticy with which demagogues uttered the sen • timent, Vox Populi, vox Dei.” Siill we believe in the people. They are the true, generous, noble Irfends of liberty ; and when the great issues of humanity are evolved, it will be thrbugh tho people. They may be misled, de ceived, betrayed; but in the end they are loyal .to thy truth. When priests and phari sees and rulers turned away from the great Teacher, the common people heard Him gladly. We repeat that we believe in the people. \Ve are still for the Republic. Whet this shower sweeps by, and the heavens are once more cloudless, tho fortunes o! the Republic will shine out refulgent. There can he only one legitimate obj n et for any government; that is to promote tho good of the people. Those who administer the government are but the servants of the peo ple. Wo believe that the only solution for our present troubles is to be found in the people themselves. Theirs is the cause.— Their interests are at stake. Princes i r Lords may flemish, or may fade, A breath can make them us a breath hath made; But a bold peasantry, their country’s pride, When once destroyed, can never be supplied • Wa profoundly believe that tho people of tho South and of the North, could bring this war to a conclusion, if they could meet each other in council. The Republican leaders do not desire peace. They wish to subjugate tlio South. Their policy is to bold these Southern States as conquered provinces. It would enlarge their range of patronage immeasurably. Procon suls, preachers, satraps, would abound. To admit these Stales into the Union would bo to give up ihe sceptre forever. Therefore tho se lection of Fortress Monioc. Therefore the terms proposed. But the people of tho North tuo prepared to settle this great quairei upon terms honorable to us. if the people of this whole country could meet in convention, we believe that the war would be terminated. Whatever objec tions may be urged against the scheme; what ever real difliulties may stand in (he way of assembling the people in convention, we yet believe that it will bo found to be the true plan for adjusting the great questions whi h ue now submitted to the arbitrament of the sword. The Free Postage Bill —The Confederate Congress, Senatois and Representatives, it seems are determined that tho soldieis shall lead the newspapers f'reoof postage notwithstanding Mr. Davis’ objections It does seem a little hard that these gallant fellows, who receive about ten cents a month, and are seldom paid, even that amount, should be grudged the misera ble pittance of a postage) staino, Tho Con gress will receive the gratitude of the army, of the publishers ?,nd of all who favor tho circu lation of .a free press in the army. Wc believe that the bill was vetoed on ac count of its clleg'.d unoonstUntionalitv. — that all other biils which affect the rights and liberties of the people, and which are plainly unconstitutional, hud been vetoed when passed. We arc glad to see that the Chief Executive of the Confederacy has at last commenced ve toing unconstitutional bills. We l ope he wit! keep on doing. Such a reformation will truly rejoice tho people. It will be worth a great dead to the cause of liberty. Tm; Meeting in Coweta County, Ga.—A sol dier called at our office on Friday and gave U3 a few facts concerning the “ gieat” war meet - ing—with a slim attendance, recently hehl’in Coweta county, Ga. He said that only five of the names signed had eyer been in the army; that the rest of tbe gentlemen who assisted in getting up the meeting were occunying profi table bomb-proof positions—and of • course wanted the war to go on. This kind of patri otism is altogether too prevalent. The parties who are filled with it lose nothing by the con tinuance of the war. They want our difficul ties settled ? Not a hit of it 1 Othello’s occu‘ pation would then be gone—and they would be obliged to come down to the level of oom mon people. - Direct men the North,—A &\ zen „f Mis saisippi who was carried aom;, tjm ‘ e gißCei Bnf] who succeeded in m^;, ng h , 3 ogeap<J from and urance ”'‘ e ’ reit ’'mned a lew weeks with * friend in I Lnadelphia. He has just arrived Sonth. He savg the conservative masses of the j North are gradually gaining strength, and are not relaxing their exertions in the least in ‘ trying to bring the existing’difficulties to & j close. j . TheFei.liso oftue Administration Taxty t .Wards UruqLDEBS of State Rights and Civ il Likebty.— A gentleman of Columbia had occasion a short time since to visit Rjph mond on business. Oa a certain part of the route, the gentleman’s car being crowded, the conductor invited him to take a seat in the iaii.es car. Two men plainly dressed occupied the seat before him, deeply engaged in conver sation. The car being dimly lighted, they did not appear to notice his proximity to them * butkept on talking. Os course, our Columbia friend became an unwilling listener. The con versation was mostly on the condition of af fairs in Georgia. One cf the men expressed much bitterness towards the State on account of the position sho occupied, and said “Qov. Brown ought to be taken to Bichmond and hung\ and that he would be, were it not for the great number cf people who supported him. Our friend being a supporter of Gov. Brown, of course felt some curiosity to know who thia man was who wanted His Excellency executed iike a common felon. When it was sufficiently light, he made himself familiar with his face iu order that he might remember him after his arrival at Richmond. Upon describing the in dividual to a friend who was inside the admin istration secrete, he was told that Gov. Brown’s reviler was an official, employed in the secret service, whojiad been on a spying tflp to Georgia to ascertain if possible the feeling of the people aud Governor Brown’s future plans. This certainly is a queer state of things. It is an alarming state, also. Citizens of Georgia t think of it ! Tho administration at Richmond, ths creature of the States, keeping a spy to pry % into the secrets if possible of the-chief Execu tive of the commonwealth of Georgia. Some may ask what such things are done for. Lot suoff enquirers turn to history and read the career of every, overreaching ruler, and he will Gad a very plain answer to his interogaiovy. Friends oi liberty are always obnoxious to those who arc hying to take away tho liber ties of others The remarks of the secret serviceman plain ly indicates the feeling which exists at Rich mond towards Gov. Brown, And they exist simply because he has watched so faithfully, aud defended so successfully tho rights ofthe State over which he presides, and tho liberties of her citizens. *™«K2». - The alacrity shown by the Administration to embrace too first opportunity to negotiate with the enemy should c'ose the blatant mouths of the opposition —Beltna Dispatch. The Dispatch has been misinformed. This is not the first opportunity the government has had to negotiate. This is not a mere assertion. We have proofs of what wo say. This war could have been honorably settled long ago by diplomacy. It is no use for the friends of tha .adinmtetr&tien to undertake to cover up its shortcomings in this particular. It is no “bla tant opposition” which causes us to speak thus. We are for the reuse— not for administration or anti-administration. If a man is a friend of civil liberty, wo are with him in prinoipla —whether he he for or agaiDst the powers that . be. Civil liberty is everything. Administra on and auli-administration are nothing.—• “Principles, not men” should bo the muttoof every lover of his country. We have altogeth er too much of this “man worship.” “Bend ing the knee” for favors may do for a despot ic government, or a government where succes sion exis's, but it is not exactly the thing in a free couutiy in which the Constitution is tha government. The administration has not shown any alac rity—or oven a willing desire to settle the ex isting difficulties by any other plan except the word, it baa never endeavored, until recente iy, to negotiate with the enemy. On the con trary, it has proved by tho policy it has uni veisally adopted that it has been opposed to peace measures. Argument on this subject is unneccefeary. The record is conclusive oa bio point. No further proof is needed. "-scesa- «S3b> The Richmond Sentinel in an article on “State Conventions” takes occasion to refer to the fact that the call is headed by a paper— of very moderate circulation—published in thia city. —Augusta Begister. Perhaps the Register is judging the circula tion of other papers by that of ils own. Yon should not Jo such things neighbor, for that ia wrong, very wrong. You should never allow your jealousy to get ro far the mastery of you as to lead you to make a statement in re gard to the business of a cotemporary you know i3 not so. Why man, the daily sales of the Chronicle & Sentinel to tbe boys alone, exceedsthe whole number of Register’s printed-regular edition, street sales, and dead head list. • Sick Confederate Soldiers still in Sa vannah. — A lady just from Savannah furnishes us with the annexed list of names of sick Con federate soldieis who are still in Savannah : •I. E. Duce, W. li Durden, S. English, M. Nev ils, R. D Gi.bert. D. J. J. Cowan, J. Walker, J. T. Tomkins, L. Avi es, G. W. Morris, H. D. Spangler, T. Wylv, A. Williams, J. Trull. - H. E. Kemp, W. T. Bald win, J. W. Joiner, T. C. Morgan, W. J. Vinos, J. M. Snell, W. Hale, R. P- Claxton, .1 Lovett, J. Stallinks, J. Tal ton, #. Bass, J. I’. Buiko. J. Stricklin. Tiikiti’Gruat Patriotism.—Some men are very patriotic in the columns of their newspa pers. That, however, appears to he the extent of the love they have to their country They nre all talk. 7 hey want, every bjdy and every body’s wife’s relations put into the ranks— but are .very careful not to go themselves. Their bornVproof breeching is stronger than their patriotis m and keeps them back. Won derful specimens of humanity ! Profound up holders of the cause! Queer way (b .Doing Things.—We v Q^er . stand tha: Gen. Cerro Gordo Williams j g g {||| under arrest-for nothing except defeating - Gen. Burbridso, and thereby sav -- ' hJg mand at Saltviile Va, lost ' ftlh Xruej Con . gross has voted him and hP, pallant comma ni the thanks of the country for their ga]lant con _ ductyot he is unable to ' jfjtaia a trW . The oause ot course loses hTs v»> ablß Berv ices. The SrreATje.tr —correspondent of the Mat oon Confefl> TftC y w Htinar Trom Mobile under date °* Jai ’- 25th says : A disgraceful affair recent took place in that city. A mob of women with a black fb.z, rn arched round tho upper portion of that cry’ pillaging the stores. A comqfiDy of soldiers were ordered out to dis perse them. Out Montgomery exchanges come to us filled with accounts ot robberies, depredations and rioton and disorderly conduct From Wilmington. - -On Friday last two gun boats engaged Fort Anderson at long range- The fort put a shot through oqe of them, com pelling her to haul off. Six of the garrison were woinded, seriously.