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N S. MORSE. <%ottirif & jlcnmid. ITKVt'K. As with most wars, ours has been brought to ft sudden conclusion by a mighty and decisive catastrophe. The rui render of General L-e’a army vlitually put an end lo it. In the ju ig meat of Gen. Lee arid of Gou. Joseph E J m 1 ston, ft was woise than mefoss to continue ihe j fight any longer. But not a shadow of blame can be cast up m 4|fher of those illustrious Generals or the noble ! armies under their commuted. By the voidiet of both friend an<X foe -hoy an r « ' proacb. They retire from the conte-ff, ],on red j and applauded even by their adversaries. 1 ey ! did all that men could. For four years > ey sustained an unequal rtiuggle with unsurpass ed endurance, heioism and valor. That they failed was the fortune of war—the-result of the overwhelming superiority of numbers and re sources opposed to them. All that remains is to concluded peace wldch shall give tranquility and prosperity again to our bleeding and detracted country, (his, wo fondly (rust, has been already sobstar ti tliy effected. As our readeisare aware, we hive long been | an urdeut advocate of peace, o' the subsUti. ion of negotiation lor the sword, of u peace:u' rlu tion of this sanguinary controversy, Howev er our motives may have li en maligned, v.e ©an conscicmiously say that vre have been in fluenced in she course we have pursued on tli s subject, solely by a sir cere devotion to what we thought was for the best interests of all concerned. In our position we have hid the satisfaction of knowing that we veto susb-iued and endorsed by some of the beat, the wrest and purest patriots of the South And' new the propriety of our c rurse is fully demon. Da ted by the logic of stern and stubborn facri. We cougratu : ate our readers on the bi ght prospect of an immediate peace. Its bl s; mgs ave appreciated and its necessity felt by all. It will euuble our war worn and battle*! carnal veterans to go to the homes from which Urey have been so long absent to cheer with their presence the hearts which h ive so long sighed lor their return. I) will rikindfo the ligl t ol Joy in many a dwelling, end bring lnj ; nos to many a hearth, made (h ohrle by the ab sence of its protector. It will diffuse teti wed prosperity over our land so long tom aid de vastated by the plougehare ot ruin It wdi re-irrvigorate the spirit of enter prise, tied re ner.e tlio arm of industry. And scon it will repair tiro cruel ravages of war, and ait the desert and the solilaiy place to rejoice and blossom as the rose ' A KBW XV OH ItM iUt* UtiKH rw It seems to us that some ot lire children of this city are going to destruction imowdi U-ly under the eyes oi tin ir parents. Our streets are filled with boys of all ages from the white-headed urchin, to the bid win* begins to assume the swagger and manner of the bully. Oaths and imprecations the mod dire can bo beard to issue from voices treble, tenor and bass. When boys are thus permitted to run at large, what sort of men may we. reasonably tuppose they wiNhmake ? It it bo true that “as the twig is bent, the tree’s inclined.” what, kind of trees may we expect from such twigs ! Will they grow up straight aid comely fees, fit to be fashioned into timbers for ilro great fabric of sooiety, or will they bo gnarled and ©rooked sticks, unfit lor anything? And who is responsible tor the manner in which tires ri.iil dreu are growing up ? Upon wi.aue • -ads will rest the sin of their destruction 1 M ust, it be upon the heads of their parent:? then, verily, it is a tearful thing to be, a parent—a fearful thing to bav© young immortals entrust ed to one’s keeping. How responsible iho of fice ! Yet some fathers and mothers seem to have no care about the matter . Their sous are permitted to run at large aid work on their own destruction with ■ giet-uiueo*. dome parents are doubtless blinded by their children, and are not aware of tie ir rudeuei-s- lheir wickedness. They would not believe, ii told ever so often, that their boys are guilty o, de- grading habits when out ol their sight. They are williug to believe that the r neighbor’s roue are wicked enough tor nny bad thing, but they cannot believe their own would deviate from the paths of virtue and iectitude. Do you, dear readei s—those of you who ar e parents- do you know where jour thildien go and what they do, when out of your sight.? Os « urse you do not. You do not know, but •otue of your neighbors do. They know t'lat the children of some of you are very rude, and that they ar»> in the road to rn ; o, but they would dislike to tell you about it. You . bcaUl res train them. Keep your boys at home af ter ulghttall.aud endeavor to make Lome pleas ant to them, so that they miv uot wish to go from It to seek pleasure. Teach them to keep the Sabbath day holy, and suffer ilnm not to violate it. Send them to Sab ath School, and •end them regular’}-, whether they wish to at tend or not. Do not close year eyes to theii faults and peimit them lo do as they please it U a mistake to suppose fiat children iove tbeir parents less when they are required io reader strict obedieuce. Exercise your au thority. And above , set a good example fefore them. Endeavor to be yourself what you would have thorn become. If parents would take the proper pains in training up their children, they would need but little in- j traint -they would soon follow the path of j virtue from choice, and would be to their families and l'ritnds a source of comfort and pride, instead of shame ani mortification. Nonas SasTnissr.-Some true heart ins given expression to its generous nature in the following beautiful sentiment : Never desert a friend when enemies gather pound him. When sickness tails on the heart | —whfn the world is dark and cheerless, is the time to try a true friend. They who turn from a scene ot distress betray their hypocrisy, anil prove that interest moves them If you have • friend who loves you and studies your nter est and happiness, be sure to sustain him in adversity. Let him feel that his former kind- Btes is appreciated and that his love is not thrown away. Real fidelity may be rare, but U exists in the heart. Who ha-‘not seen and | felt its power? They deny its worth, who never loved a ir.eud, or labored to make a Mead happy. The Republicans have elected in Connecticut their Governor, all four Congressmen, all State Senators, and two''thirds of the lower house of t* JtgUlftture. To our Citizens —Every thing you can do to assist the soldiers on their way home should be done promptly and cheerfully. Gen. Beauregard Among the sufferers by the deeds of the mob on Monday was General Beauregard. All his private baggage at the depot was demolished. m • . Fire in New York —On Sunday, April 16, a 6 re broke out in the extensive cooperage es tablishment, 450 Water street, destroy ing prop erty to the vslue of $1500,000. Foa the Poor —We trust our citizens will remember the appeal whicn has been made to them for she poor in our midst. Give liberal ly and with a unsparing hand The poA must be led, ' * Returning Homes.—A number of Virginian and Kent uckiana left our city for Savan nah. wheie they will fake passage by steamer to New York, and thence to tbeir respective homes * • -m m •’ f ire 10 Harrisonburg.— The stables and out houses of Mr, W. Roberts, in Harrisonburg, •se.s destroyed by fire on Monday. The firn was caused by the carelessness of some run away negroes who were secreted in the barn. Insubordination Suppressed - We learn that one ortbe crew of one of the gunboats at the lower end of town of insubordi nation Monday. Com. Hunter shot him at once on the spot. Give to the Soldiers. — Times of peace and plenty will soon be upon us. To those of our citizens who have a large quantity of supplies on hand wo say, your abundance to the soldiers. Give liberally and cheerfully. Praiseworthy. Messrs. G. R. Crump & Cos. distributed several boxes of tobaoco, gratis, to the soldiers on Monday. A praiseworthy deed Many others of our citizens also gave them ar ticles they needed. We hope thesegood deeds will continue to he performed. They create good feelings. Col. Kiser.— This brave and gallant officer has won for himself fresh laurels of glory in - lM endeavor to suppress the lawlessness which reigned supreme for a while in our city on Mon day. We trust our citizens will appreci ate his deeds by more than mere words of thaaks. A handsome testimonial of some kind should be give.n him. Who will move in the matter ? The Washington Tragedy.— A steamer which has arrived at Fortress. Monroe brings news of the arrest of J. Wilkes Booth. A Rich lAAVJlltl Iwwyov uuuktxl D» tk. LcXilfcJ WUC telflO iff rested, who turned State evidence and con ferred lie was the assassin of Secretary Seward. His evidence implicates fifty-two persons in the plot, and it was thiough his confession the authorities were enabled to arrest Booth. Returning Soldiers.— Every train from Way nesboro brings a large number of the veterans of Lee’s army, on their way home. On yes terday many arrived who left Savannah on Thursday. They brought nothing new of in terest from that city. They report that the vessel which was burned last -week off tlie k North Carolina coast was laden chiefly with refugee families who were returning South from Bulimore and the North. VVe could uo particulars from them. Coroner’s Inquests - Coroner Rhodes was called on to hold two inquests on yesterday. One was over the body of Augustus R. Bihler, a native, we believe, of this city, who vas shot at the railroad bridge near the American Iron Foundry. The verdict of the jury was that, he came to his death horn a gunshot wound in flicted by Frank Steiner. The other inquest was over the body of Chap. I*. Stanley, on board the steamer Sampson. The verdict of the jury was that he was shot by Commodore W. W. Hunter, and that the act was justifiabler 4 The Lawi.ksness ox Monday. —We regret to state that the government stores in this city were sacked on Monday. But we are happy to announce that but few soldiers took part in the a flair. The mob was composed mostly of low women and men, residents of this city. Any parties who attribute the deeds to our brave soldiery will do them a great injustice. No true soldier took part in the matter. On the contrary, they resumed the arms they had so nobly borne in their country’s dt ence and assisted to suppress the deeds of awlessness which were being committed. Great praise is due Gen Wright and Col. Kiser for the part they took in dispersing the the mob. One or two private stoi es were plundered betore order was restored. Amoug them Messrs Neal Whitlock. These gentlemen are heavy losers. | Eighteenth Georgia . Battalion. —Annexed I ! s a list of the casualties in the Eighteenth Georgia Battalion in the late battles in Vir ginia : Killed -Capt G C Rice, Lieut J W H King, Lieut J M Turner, Sergts C W Bennett. C B Posted, S L Morton, Geo E James, privates E L Gordon, J W Middleton, LE Barie, P Abney, A 0 Bourne, J Mclntosh, J A Baker, J Rouse, J Gould. Wounded—Maj W S Bassinger, left hand and side, slight; Arijt E P Starr, left shoulder, se | vere; Lt F Tupper, in groin; Lt G W Smith, i light thigh; Lt W W Grant, both legs, right | amputated; Lt EBloie, back, thigh and foot; | B L Mclntosh, left lung; Sergt E C Wade. ; r *ght hip; Sergt F R Sweat, left shoulder; Sergt ll H Woodbridge, left thumb off; Corp H ! Barns, cbe-t; Coip M M McLean, right knee; Privates J L Gang, left foot; S Syntis, both eyes j out; J Felot, right leg ; B Newborn. left arm ; J Hitchcock, chest: P Elliott, left thigh ; J Kreeger. both hips, mortal; T Kreeger, right toot; J H Polk, right arm; J F Butler, right thigh; J N Gueirard, right thigh: J Douglass, right foot; J F Darracott, right arm; J C Bry an, left leg, amputated; E A Papy, right lung; AFclker, face, severe; C A Sweatt, right leg ; C R Maxwell, right arm; John Dillon, captu ed. All the others prisoners. Our sorrows are like thunder clouds which seem'bia' , k in the distance, but t row lighter as they approach As perfume is to the Tose, so is good nature to the lovely. IU nature* renders the prettiest face disagreeable. An indiscreet person is like an unsealed let ter, which everyone may read, but which is seldom worth reading, AUGUSTA, GA.« WEDNESDAY MORNING. MAY 10,1865. iiiF. Capital Extension at Washington.— The following synopsis of the work on the Capital xTenriou at Washington is taken from the report of the Archiiec* : i The Acik is pr- grossing favorably, though j it baa been somewhat impeded the ciiffi ’ culty experienced in procuring men to quarry the marble end vessels to transport it t© Wash j ingtou. Arrangements are now nearly com j pie ed, however-, by which these difficulties will : be overcome, ard it is confidently anticipated j that during the coming year ail wid be furnish id that may be required to complete the work. , As soon as Lie heavy work for the couipletimi i of the north portico is set, tin; expensive a™ I pf.ratus for raising t.e comm ns will be trans tftioed to the south wing, the work upon which 1 will be pushed iapi ily to coeapietion. flu case oi nraibie tro* the Lee quarries in MossUhur: ties has been $39*777, the quantity ; being 20.2*16 cubic feet. For seventeen mon i olitnic shafts from the quairies in Baltimore ! county, Maryland, $64*100 have been paid, j The cost of ail ihe maible used in interior j ol the building, including Italian, variegated and fancy, has been $185,338 Os thv two lat ter kind, about $30,000 worth that will not be required lies in tire grounds and workshops of the Capitol. The amount paid for cutting and s-tting marble during the year was $156,- 102: the total amount paid for (his branch of iabor from ,ho beginning of the work up lo the present time, $1,526,911. Experience has shown corrugited copper rooting, as originally laid down, is far from weatherproof, and some damage has accrued to the ornamental work from leakage. By ii vetting, &c, the detect has Teen almost wholly remedied, at an expense, including materials, of $1,321. The iron guttei3 have also proved al uost useless, and will have to be altered, at- an expense of $7,500. The walls and etwiings of the halls and star ways of the principal attic storriesof the north vriug have utl been painted in flat tints, and prepared for greater ornamentation hereafter, should it be deemed necessary. The same plan wilt be pursued in the south wing. It has been determined to postpone the fresco painting of the Senate post Wfice and other rooms. The fine group ot statuary, designed by Crawford, representing the Progress of Civ ilization, and the two statues representing Justice and History, executed Jn Italy, trout designs by the same artust, are in their places The plaster models for the eastern door of the north wing, by Rinehart, from designs by Crawford, nave been shipped from Rome, and are due in New Yo*k. The bronzecas.mgs from them will be execut ed in this country. 'The group representing the theprogress ol Civilization, is placed in the tym panum ot the ped ment, and the statues of Justice and History over front door and the bronze dour for the main entrance. The marble work for Ihe south pediment is being built with a receding tymparmn, to allow of a similar group It is recommanded that, if the models tor a bronze door, ordered of Crawlord for the south win.; have not been crmmenced, the order be countermanded, so as to have the work done here. The statues of Franklin and Jefferson, ordered from Hiram Powers, have arrived. JJbat of Franklin has been plated temporarily in the uicae opposite the eastern stairway of the north, and that of Jefferson wiit b« pbiCfea in tha corresponding niche of the Boutjj wing. * Tw> expendatures for the Capitol Extension during ihe year ended October 31, 1862, were $373,296, leaving a balance in baud of $33,- 712. The totdl i xpenditures from the com mencement to the present time were $6,399,- 909. • The interior of the dome is to be lighted by Gardener’s electro magnetic gas lighting ap paratus-ft The great difficulty of obtaining iron, and tiSe still greater difficulty of finding men who can he. trusted wiiffi the handling of such iimner&e masses?at such a tearful height, are assigned as reasons for delay in the work. The contractors could employ four times as many menus they have now 'J he expendi tures upou the dome from October 31, 1863, were $180,649, leaving a balance in hand of $111,241 A Scene at the Scaffold. —Prom an article in the Colburn’s New Monthly Magazine, enti tled the “Saturnalia of Republic,” we make the following extracts, which relate to guillo tine scenes in the years 1892 3 : reign of the scafforld biought with it not only the blood ihirstiness f which of feeble origin, it only increased by indulgence, but also a fright* il amount of cynicism among all parties, which may be judged of by the follow ing anecdote ; On the 9th May, Count de Mou by, major in the H*4ss Guard, acc used of emi grating, and M, de ’Beaulieu of having secret ed him, eondemed to death. Charles Henry Sanson was accosted the same day at the Oonciergerie by a young woman in male attire, who made, we are told, vain attempts to bribe him The thing was utterly] out of tiie question, that, partly with a view to dis embarrass himself of the unfortunate lady’s en treaties, and partly with a remote hope of be ng of service to her. Sanson handed her over to one of his aids, Louvois by name, merely saying, that if anything could be sug gested he would not interfere This lady* already bribed Bauquirer Tin ville, who, it wivuld appear pocketed the mon ey, and then demanded that the law of exter mination should he put in hutce. On arriving at the scaffold Sanson saw me count turn pale on perceiving some bne in the crowd. Look ing the same direction he perceived the same lady in disguise. Terrified at the consequence, he turned round to Louvois, and said to him, •‘Louvois. you have received fifty louis ’ from a female■ .'-essed as a man,’to secure the body of one of the condemned; let us be more hon est than the citizen accuser, who stole her mon eynhis morning. SJb£ is there, to the right of the guiiietiue ; have your eye upon her.” Louvois nodded in approval M de Beau lieu perished first. When the knife descended for a second time a loud shriek was heard. The lady, as Sauson had apprehended, had not been able to restrain her feeling. She was at once seized as an aristocrat in disguise, and as detected in a flagrant crime—that of syrn patlrziug With the condemned. At this crisis louvers adopted a French coarse of psoceeding. Rushing down from Ihe scaffold he made his way to the lady, and at once administering a well applied cuff, he ex claimed at the same time : “Ah. wretch. I know that you were deceiv ing me, but I did not think you were so bad as to do so with an aristocrat. Luckily, the na tion has arranged his affairs and mine too at the same time. You? gallant will no longer sully my bed more than he will the soil of lib erty'. I suppose his last grimaces, were a treat to you. Why, you seem to be weeping yet!” And then turning round to the people, he said : “Would you belmjro it, citizens? why, this ‘ccquiue’ has the audacity to weep for her lov er at the very nose and beard of her husband.’’ jj.The naive avowal made by Louvois for his pn tended conjugal misfortunes raised a laugh in the crowd, and he was left at full liberty to inflict whatever chastisement he deemed prop er on his supposed guilty better-half. He did this by conveying her in safety to the frontier. She was a lady of distinction, and her name was mentioned in certain memoirs of the time in connection with the venality of Fauquier Tinville. sbe rewarded the assistant execu tioner, who bad caved her life by is presence, of mind, so generously that he was enabled to give up the business. It was, however, a strange comedy —with something not aiittle character istic of the countrymen of Moliere in it—enact ed at the foot of the scaffold. The flag which waved over the Capitol at Columbia vi|hen captured has been sent to the governor of Indiana. yitOVI ” •T’ii'i FEOR«IA. The La Grange Bull;.t m of April 28, gives i the annexed account o’ movement of the Federal troops ;u We r.-rn Georgia before the news A the ■ them : the raiders* On Saturday the lot ft. the indications were that (he enemy wv.re appn mhincr West Point; bn' it was suppose and oy ramy that they would visit that place, destfoy rowing stock < r the Monfgomeiy and V\; T Point Railroad there, burn the. bridges. • '•vfr.-y the public stores, &c,and then pnceed on to Columbus to co-operate with the cohim ; sen: against that city. . They arrived at W*sv Pol.jt at 11 o’eiook, A. M/when the fort, with a ga -ison Os only one hundred and thirty-two m m we believe, opened*on t’ lo ene y, u." I c ' -v c•»:».:’land ot Brig Gen. R Tyler At nr i- sb.g their com msnder, and the next <Timer in command, Capt Gonzales, and a heroic ree?a‘-nce of seven hours, the fort v<ecmvelied to surrender, Col. J H Fannin bt ng then in command. We have not learnt definitely the number of c»su allies,but believe there were 6 killod and wound ed. W<; have not- learned the loss of the enemy in the engag mem. ; but we understand (hey confessed tli it the cj. fence was one of the most heroic of the war. Alien it is taken into con sideration that the garris; n. mostly militia, were opposed to 2000 and 3000 veferau troops, armed w th the best «tid m :st approved gudu, the oenciuct of these men* must call forth the admiration of every true Confederate. The garrison wt re nearly all taken prisoners —some few making their escape. In the death of the brave and dauntless Tyler the South has lost a hero. OF Capt Gonzales we know nothing personally; but we learn that his con duct was heroic. It is supposed t : e prisoners Ik ill be paroled in short time. On Monday m ruing, at early hour, the scouts from this pr«t reported that the enemy were approaching La Grange, at ten o’clock it was reported ikey were in five miles of tha place; but this report was incorrect. People were hurrying to anil fro to save tbeir valuables and stock. The enemy,however, did not come into town until between five and six o’clock, when the town was surrendered by Mayor Long, asking protection to private property, Which w:v guaranteed by Col. O. H LaGrange, who was in command of the United states forces. So far as we can learn, no private properry was disturbed except in the way of horses and mules taken, of course, by older of the commander. What little pillaging was committed, we be lieve, was the work of robbers and hangers on on the raiders, as the Yankee soldiers seemed to he on their best behavior. The freight depot, J. E Morgan’s ware house and the tannery of Ramsey & Cos. were burned; femith & O’NeaPs cotton warehouse was saved by its prox rally to a dwelling The last, of the enemy left LaGrange on Wed nesday mowing, 19tii, in the direction of Greenville. Our worthy postmaster, J H H Colquit, was overtaken at M mnfville, ten miles east ot here, and badiv treated by some wretches. • He was struck several blows and robbed of eight or nin thousand, his watch and "gold shirt, buttons, and then made to burn the residence of M;. Wilson, tha postmaster at Mountviile, in whii h he was found. The en my took a great, ileal of stock some -as fine as ever reen, Th ir ponducs in Meniwotber was about (he saun; sis in Troup. VVe understand rob ably that Judge Warner Was taken up and bung twice to force him to tell where his gold was, of. which he.had •none. We omitted to state that ail the stores were forced and ettdents destroyed; Our people are now trying to gather up stock to cultivate their crops with—some of whom had every horse and mule taken from them. the enemy at new nan. On Wednesday last information was receiv ed at Newnan that a fo'ce of 2300 Federal cavalry were approaching that place, ihe Mayor of the town proceeded, under a flag of ti"”ce, to notify the enemy of the existing armistice—whereupon the enemy at once re spected the armistice and stated that they will quietly proceed to Macon to rejoin ’their main column, and would trouble noproperty, neith er public or private They passed through Newnan Thuisday morning. _ „ Tub Diplomatic Corps at Washington.— The European diplomatic corps at Washiugton have generally been ranked among the sympa tbizers of Jeff. Davis. Among the exceptions we may mention those who, on Monday last, called at the State Department"to express their co igratuhitions on the fall of Riehm'md, viz: Fir t, the Austrian Minister Count Wydt-n --bruek ; then the Consul General of Switzer land ; next the Swedish Minister, Baron Wet terstedt; the Prussian Minister, Baron Gerolt, and Mr. Burnley, British Charge d’Affaires, in the absence of her Majesty’s newly appointed minister, sir Frederick Bruce. But there was, it appears, no congratulatory representative at the State Department during the day in behalf of France, Russia, Spam or the kirgdom of It#- ly. The reason, we are informed, is that the legations of these Governor ni> at Washington are strongly impregnated, one way or another, with the fallacies ot secession, rebellion and Southern independence. It is not surprising that, no body appeared in behalf of Louis Napoleon, considering.the new danger to which Maximilian, of Mexico, is ex posed with the downfall of Jeff. Davis. The Russian ambassador, we fear, has been misrep sentiug his “august master;” but how is it young Italy was not reptesented on Ihe occa sion referred to? We know that her people are not only the friends of our national c ruse, but that they are its wannest supporters in Europe. In the blessings of their union, and from their long experience in the troubles and disasters resulting from tbeir vast division into petty States and -dochie-. they compre hend ihe justice of our Union and necessity of maintaining it. Their minister at Washington, accordingly, should have beeu foremost, in per son or by pro y, to congratulate Mr. Seward, on the fall ol Richmond.* Secession influences we fear, Wve controlled the Italian minister in this important matter. To this case, there fore, and to ever} other one of the corps dip lomatique of the same inconsistent character, the attention of the government represented should be rhawn, in view of the nev departure touching •nr foreign affairs which the admin istration at Washington will now be required to take.— Aeio I'ork herald , s th The Difficulty Removed— Come here, I’ompy,” said a darky t:> a similar specimen of animated nature, the other day, “I wants to propose to you a question which hab dislocated my understanding. Suppose I marries a yal ler gai, and love her very mtJch; and some day I gets sick, and dies, and goes to heben, and arter a while anoder nigger comes long and marries my old woman, lubs her too, now I wants to know arter dey both die, and come to heben, -which of us hfibs my wench ?” Pompy *Bfood thoughtfully for a moment, then looked Snowball in the face, and rever ently shaking his head, replied : “My friend, if your wife and her man go to de good land, you need tub no fears, for you won’t be dar to pick any muss.” Don’t Fail to Educate tour Children. — If »mid the excitement andjumuit of War the education of our children, is. neglected, the whole nation will reap the bftfor truits of this negligence for many years to come. The boys that are now running wild about the street?, will, in a few years nave control of the coun try, and will have the management of all affairs both in Church and State. Avery heavy re sponsibility then rests upon parents and guar dians 04 the present day .'if fffeyVdo not edu cate them in such a manner to prepare them for the important pi aces they will haye to fill in the future destiny of the country. Interesting Account of t/ie Natives of Chiu AND I’ei.U- —i t; lih lbi>U’ s••-.; ii, . { Peru are so wry s ndfor in nj pcarrr.c;-* m and manners, that what is ad of one may ipS . to the other, she r: ii an rnon i j; more grave than those of Dear. But men of both countries are Heady alike v v sociable, gay and fond of sii angers, :■ f> a . ■ : Americrns. They have no br-fi iu c ; s x ct-pt the ladies iu ike lan ; r apr: vr . ■•; j t who are fast getting into the Fog:! h no female delicacy, ami i,■ fact Lti* - - •; j.t.'.le modify. They are very fond of ruusic m...i dancmg, The most common dances he waltz, and the fandango. The last is .an and scribed as imEcent,-hut I never ooual o any thin imprepm in it. it is this \! dy sings and accompanies her vow \y y oj tar, to whioh a Only *,u«i i- !- ;, ■ The plan of the fandango co-isGts iu ihy man’s attempting to maet ul.-- p.t : uer ;. . . to face which she ems wei > avoi ic by t dug c l-x tert usiy in ! giacefuily, eiiber io the Udc or right of him. ihe dance progresses the music becomes livelier and the motions of the performers quicker, and it conclude; by both parties meeting in the middle of the floor Th ; steps in the Kand rago arc. on the pa; of the man, a kind of shuffling, w hich produces a sound like the galloping of a horse, and which it seems designated to imitate, as the South Am-1 jeans are in reality a species < f tVntaur frmq infau cy. The lady moves with p light, graceful and noiseless step, ihe people arr fenemily 7 very inquisitive about American* affurs, but con hardly believe that we hav. no gold and sli ver mires, which they Siam to think con-dilute the real wealth of nations. The inhab'iiaats of the interior are very hospitable. 1 was told by a gentleman th it had traveled 2000 miles in the country, that a Peruvian fc.rm-V would feel affronted if asked for a drink of watei. A large jar of wine or cliica with a cup attached to it, stands in almost every house for the use ot the family and travelers. They have also a singular custom of table. If aay one takes a fancy to a paiticnlsr morsel in his neighbor’s possession, be immediately ap propriates it to his own use, without ceremony, at the same time permitting roprisa’s to be made from his own plate. I bis does not pro ceed fiom rudeness but is a kind of pledge of friendship and hospitalitjfc 1 1 The table furniture oßUmost every house (Jmsists of spoons and forks oi rough hammer ed si’vei-j some of ihe former weigh four or five ounces. There are no knives, as every mao is supposed to be provided with one, the women using those of the nearest men to them I alien ed the funeral of an infant of a fisherman near Coqaimbo, which was rating a ft stive occasion. he fern de part of Ihe company weie employed in comforting the mother, by assuring Jut that the babe had gone diiectiy lo heaven, without performing quarantine at the intermediate port of purgafory; hut the tear it nature had dimmed the eye of re'igious faith, and she saw only the dead child ihe lather was maae,. however, of different stuff. He was, as the servant girl in Guy Mannering savs, “ very comfortably drunk.” — ’ The Spf.f.d of Railroad . The G; ‘at Wes tern Express to E-: • i ; -f, Ragland, travels at (ho rate of forty three miles an hour, including stoppages, or fifty-one miles an hour without including stoppages To attain this rate, a speed ot sixty mil san liouV ?s adopter! mid - way between some t>f the station.-i, and in cer tain experimental trips, seventy miles an hour have been reached. A speed of seventy miles an hour is about equivalent to thirty yards per second, or thirty five yards between two ! eats of a common clock. All objects near the eye of a passenger traveling at this rate will pass by his eye in the thirty-filth part of a second ; and if thirty-five etak; swore erected at the ride of the road, a yard asunder, rhey would not be distinguishable one from another; if painted red, they would appear collectively as a continuous flash of led color If two trains with this speed passed each other, the idative velocity would be seventy yards per second; and if one of the trains were seventy yards long, it -tfould flash by in a single second. Supposing the locomotive whieh draws such a irain to have driving wheels seven feet in diameter, these wheels will revolve five times iu a second ; the valve move#and the steam escapes ten times in a second—but as them are two cylinders, which act alternately, there are really twenty puffs or escape; of steam i3 a second. Theloeomo tives can be heard t;> “cough” when* moving slowly, the cough being occasioned by the ab rupt enrssion of waste swam up the chimney ; but twenty coughs per - rand cannot be sepa rated by the ear, then: in-Lv,-anility becoming lost. Such a locomotive speed is equal to nearly one fourth of a can:. >n ba’.l ; and the momentum of a whole .train, moving at such a speed, would be nearly *qu:v neat to tire ag gregate force of a number of cannon balls equal to one fourth the weight of the train. • ■ ■lflTTl I'HfTiiTTir „ The Pound Sterling —The Journal of Com merce thus answers an inquiry often made: A correspondent asks -for an explanation of “how many cents” are represented by a certain sterling quotation. He can always ascertain by multiplying the quotation by $4.44 4, which is the nominal par. Ii the quotation tor ster ling is 100 per cent., then .four dolliis, forty iour cents and four mills equal the pound ; and 160x54.444, is $7.11 (with a srnail frac tion) —that is IGO per cent, equals seven dol lars and eleven cents to ihe pound sterling.— Various attempts have beeu made to conform the quotations for sterling to the simple rule of so many cents to the pound, hut they {jave hitherto been unsuccessful. No other exchange quotation is so intrica'e. Iu French exchange “3 50” means that three francs and fifty cen times (i. e , three and a halt francs) -ire reck oned to the dollar, and all the other quotations give so many cents to rix doliar, guilder, or leading money piece of the country which is named in the reckoning. Exchange on Lon don or other British ports (called sterling ex change) is the only exception to this conven ient rule. An inveterate habit is the only ob Stacie to a change, which should always quote the pound sterling at $4 80, $5 00. $6 50, 57.12 or whatever its value might be at the selling rate Influence of Mothers —bishop ac knowledged maternal agency in the formation of his own character, and on one occasion wrote of his mother, “How often have I blessed the memory of those divine passages of experimen tal divinity which I heard from her month! What day did she pass without a large task of private devotion, whence she would still come forth with a countenance of undis sembled mortification ? Nevor any lips have read to me such feeling lectures of piety ; neither have I known any soul that more accu rately practiced them than her own.’’ John Quincy Adams once paid the follow ing tribute to his mother : “It is due gratitude and nature that I sliouid acknowledge and avow that such as I um, whatever it is, and Buch as I hope to be in all futurity, must be ascribed, under Providence, to the precepts an .1 examples of my mother ’’ Scraps of Time.— you can make of the broken fragments of time. Glean up its golden dust—those raspings and parings ot precious daration —those leavings of days ana remnants of hours which so many are sweep ing out into the vast waste of existence. Perhaps, -if. you be a miser of mogjen-s —if you frugal, and hoard up odd minner, and half hours, and unexpected holidays—yen: careful gleaning may eke you a long and useful life, and you may die at last richer in existence than multidudes whose time is ali their own. The U.S, ilediterrean fcquadron, under Ad miral Goldsborough, is to comprise thirty ves sels, the Colorado, fifty-two guns, to be the flagship, •* LXXIV.—-NE" : SEHIE" «,Ei, XXIV NO. 19 Shadow of Death —We h ave r.uely met with anything more beautiful than the ?ollow ing. which-we;> find in an exchange p .per : .Men Seldom think of the a: at. event of death uutd the dark shadow falls Across th. fr own pari), hiding forever from tbeir eyes the la 4of rhe loved ones whose living smi.e was th» sunshine of thefrexisbuee. Death is the great antagonism of life, .end the cold thorn:to of the tomb is the skeleton of aii our foav l :. - \Y*do not want to go thiough the and -’k val ley, although its passage may lei l to Paradise, anwith Charles Limb, w * do act wish to 1 - down in the. mouldy grave* even, with the king-- aud punces for our be,! .'“on.--. Bur tbe fate o! nature is inexoraifie. There is ho appeal cr reprieve from the great law that dooms' tm i all to dust. We flourish and fade like the Jlea-es of the forest, and the fail (lowers thaj bloom and wither in a day have not a trailer * hold on life than the mightiest monarch that has ever shook the .earth by his footsteps Generations of men appear and vanish like the grass, and tbe countless multitude that sweffs the world to-day will to-morrow disappear like the foot prints on the shv re ‘ Soon as the-'risiug tide shall beat, Each trace will vanish from the sand.” In the beautiful drama of lon the instinct of immortality so eloquently uttered by the death devoted Greek finds a clear response in every thoughtful soul. When about to yield ins young existence as a sacrifice tjo Fate, his b -• trothed CJemantho asas if they shall not meet again, to which he replies : ‘.‘l have askt d that dreadful question of the bills that look eternal ; of-tfie flawing streams that flow for ever; ot the stars, among whoso fields' of «zur<e any raised spii it; hath walked in glory—all were dumb. Rut while i irazs upon thy Ijvffig lacs I feel there’s something in tbe love which mantles through its beauty that cannot whoUy perish. We shall meet again, Olemanthe.” j Bort'Owixg Trouble. —Moss; of our unhappi u' ss conies irom coe habit-of “bo. rowing {rou ble by which wo. urban anticipating eviis, which may never come, or rs they come may bring with them their own remedies The weary traveler, looking at a distant mountain is often struck at the abruptness and difficulty of the ascent. It seems to him well nigh per pendicular, and he wonders lie- -.-7, when worn ■out with the distance to its b ise, he is tli : to find strength to scale its precipitous sides and reach the summit; but when he gets a nearer view, he is surprised to see that iris eyes ad distance deceived him, and lie a.-cegtis really gentle. So our fears and forebodings magnify future evils, when we allow the raiud to nntici pate and dwell upon them. We are then in a perpetual weariness of toil ami strife ; where as, if some kffed friend wore to shut off this -long perspective and .demand of us, are your trials and difficulties of to-day move than you can support with resolution and good courage ; wo should be forced to answer r.o : we can wjril bear with to-day, but off, that terrii. c ! three or six months hence—What shall, wo fi when matters get so bad as they will-then ! that distant trouble—that perpetually recur ring, ugly ghost of a dreadful, C'Vatnitoug’fu -ture is.the croaker’s stock in trade the by po chqndriac’s cholic—and many i\ good ms: sorest source of misery, .ft is our duly te fore cast the future so far as we can provide fiorfa . ticipafod ills ;. but ho who nurses it to pof n his life’s happiness is tnw e. ‘•Ncwr o 'bridge Airriy *o*-i*t*-- A Beautiful Thought. —How ft w men seem to have formed . concept: n ofiiie original dig nity ot their naturo, or D o exalted design of theii creating, fief 1 ; t . the creatures of time, endowed merely with animal passions ami intellectual ri-cu r-ies, theii projects, aims and expectotiona avo circuia setibod hv the narrow outline of •! ifo Tiiey forget thal decay are •written, as with a sunbeam, upon aii earthly objects that this world, with all it; p... pomp and power, is crumpling into duri;—dual this life is scarcely deserving ot a ring ia thought excepting as ifc forms ihe introduction lo an. ether, and that he alone acts a prudent, ra tional pari, who frames his plan with dn*tci reference to that future and endless t iau; c. being. Sin has so blinded the unde;• bin-dug, and debased the affections,that never faii they invest some temporal good with fancied per fect ion, and idly i uagme that the diammerff of it would satisfy the desires and fid ilia c a •cities of the immortil spiiit. ii w iittio do they know themselves.! The- ou i- not **i’ll*»* earth, end they v/iu suivc in vain lo chain i< to the dust Though its native strengdi ius been impaired, and its purity turni food:; -id its glory changed, it will not always be a prisoner hero Send it forth if you will, to rang, through the whole material universe, and like the dove dismissed from the ark, it wifi return without finding a single place to rest—for it has no resting place but the bosom of God. Tiib Simple Suciic.—Twenty clerks in a store. Twenty “bauds” ip a printing office. Twenty apprentices in a ship-yard. Twenty youi-g men about a village. ’All wane to got on iu the world, and all expect to do so. One of the clerks will rise to be partner and make a for uric. One of the comp- sitorswiil own a news paper and become an iuflueutia 1 and prosperous citizen. One of the apprentices will com: to boa master- builder. One ol ihe young village!s will get a handsome farm and live like a pati arch. But which is destined to be the lucky j.. I vidual? Lucky? There is uo luck about it The thing is almost as certain as the Rule of ’Three. The young fellow who will distauce his com petitors is he who masters his b isiness, who lives cleanly and plainly, who never gets into debt and who gains friends by deserving .them. There are seme ways to fortune that look sbor ter than this old, dusty highway*. But the staunch men of the community, the men who achieve something really- worth having, good fortune, good name, and serene old age, ail go tire road. The Camels af.u Coming.— The “Overland Camel Company,’ it is announced, is rapidiy completing its preparations for business. They propose carrying the great Overfund mails, and also the local mails on"side routes. Omaha is named ns the starting point oa the Missouri, and Sacramento the i’aciiic terminus. A camel will carry a thousand pounds and travel fifty miles a day for tfflrty days in suc cession. pf course with proper delays, the speed can be greatly .increased.. It s s.i: they will endure more hardships and imapf themselves to tbe climate more readily than j either the horse or mule. Mr Marsh, long United States Minister at i Constantinople, and well known ss one ot our s best scholars and most celebrated easier;, ua* - j eilers, is at the head of this new and n- *v. -. hi terprise. —Kooky Mountain Mar c,t io. j To Pickle Gabb»gb.- -Pud ou tuo b’Ohc J leaves, and cut th? eabbig.t mto mreus v.-th a , Sharp knife ; then fpt“ k'e a- -y sa.r m the, bottom of a. keg or jtr : the -u, >n a lv.yci; > i cabbage, and sprinkle salt, pepper corns, a lit- j tie mace, cinnamo i and allspice; then ffdff I another layer, and add spices and salt, as be fore C'«ntiffue these alternate lasers, etc., un til your jar is full. Heat your vinegar scald ing hot, put in a little alum, turn it while hot on the cabh'aee- Turn 'he vinegar irom l:| c .bb ge six or. seven I’m s, h :a! scalding hot, | aii; turn it back while kof, to make' them lea der. MSS, .KB To Make Soft Soap.- Soft Soud is easily made in the following manner: iak: '.;ven>'y potird? o! grease two pound; of ro.du. • '.-x\ poutds of best potash, or more if it b. hot strung, and thirty gallons of water; m fit the g.enseand rosin together, and sham Ii to a ban-.i, di-solvff the pcUsh iu a u.-w guL-. ;.o ! the water, pour it on the grease, and stir | ! - j well, add the remainder of the water gradual- | I ly, and keep stirring until'f.lT is thoji-tgl’/ iu- ! 1 corporatcd.* ’ j FOiUCKrX MfBWS. CHS STONEWALL AFFAIR. A LL-bon dispatch of the 31st, of March, f: fl that the American Minister at Lisbon has aa* mauded satisfaction of the Povtugees Govern* ni'Vit ior the tiring upon the Niagara and Saj— lamento by the Portugese forts. He also i tjus's the dismissal of the commander of F.-rfc ijetan. end ;v salute of twenty-one guns to tag American .flag. Nothing as yet has been decided in regard to ths matter. GREAT BRITAIN. Parliamentary proceedings on the 30th u..fc were unimportant . In the House of Commons, on the 31st, Lord 0. Paget said tin t the Admiralty had received no proposal lor sanctioning or supporting any fresh attempt to reach the North Pole. Ha was therefore, unable to say what course tha government would take if such a proposal was made. " % iir. Newdegkte put some question;? as to tha idea <il the Pope taking up his residence in England, us indicated some foreign journal!. Lord Palmers ton replied that .the govern ment ; os pec ted the Pope personally very much, but for him to come to Englaud would bg both an anachronism and a tolecism. Iha ' evenue returns for the fin racial yea?, ending March 31, shows a net increase of £lOl,- 000 on the year. Notwithstanding the great red notions in taxation, the revenue exceeds by nearly half a million sterling the estimate! of Mr. Gladstone. The Bank of England on the 20fh ult., re duced its rate of discount to 1 per cent, at which there is a fair demand for money. This movement strengthened the English • funds, and Consol ate buoyant and advancing. Kelson. Tilton & Cos. East India and gene?* •i; j^jrch--mts, have suspended payment. TANARUS; ir Labilities are estimated at £900,00# sterling. Another provincial bank has suspended, tha Portsmouth and South Hunts Banking Compa ny. Their liabilities are about £170,000 sterl lug. the Birmingham and joint Stock Banking Company had agreed to take up the business .of Atwood’& Spooner’s Bank, which lately suspended at Birmingham, and to pay tha creditors 11s". 3d. on the pound. Tilts West India mail steamer had arrived, with over two and a quarter millions of dol lars in specie- She also brought several Cap tains- of blockade-runners, whose occupation! were gone. The French Government will probably send one or two steamers to accompany the twa that are sent by the English Government with Ihe Gi oF Eastern across the Atlantic, at tha time ol lay ing the Atlantic cable, and it is hop* wUhat the United States Government will dm the same: FRANCIS. Weekly returns from the Bank of Franca :-?,ow an increase of cash on hand of over ten, and a half millions francs. la i.iio French Chambers of the 30tb, M. Jules Favre spoke upon the necessity for political liberty, but Was interrupted by the President and declined to finish his speech.jq The amend ment, was it j*ctcd. . i'he amendment in favor of the liberty of tha press was debated, but rejected by a large majority. ir, is hi: ited that Napoleon will leave rails early In May, not returning until November His physicians have recommended - months’ absence ia the country air. ike Bourse is firm, 97, 45. • SPAIN. The v pnea stales that the Minister of War tendered his resignation, and that Gen. Legie--. undi refused to place him. A lid or dispatch says the Minister of War resigned from ill health. Gra Rivera succeeded to the office. The Madrid Balsa says if the Pope should leave Home, Spain-would confer upon him the fialcari.' Is.e. 'ihe Pol biro says the Pope would rather inhabit the Montpehsier Palace at Seville. * DENMARK. 'the King rc] lived M Helicon, Minister of Just ao, o' iiia functions. Helieen represented aiiip.i eu between the reactionary and , ex treme Uemoc..Hie parties. It Is supposed that all member.-, oft; .ate Cabinet will return to tehir post. ITALY In the allocutions delivered at the last con sistory the Pope expressed surprise and sorrow at the sad events which have recently taken place -n Mexico. His Holiness hoped Maxmil ii,),n w aid. aba: don the course upon which he had entered, and satisfy the just desires of the Holy Sea. The Pope further thanked tr i Bishops of the Catholic world, especially v ;.i<o of Italy*for deiending the religious and lie; a os. of the Church, despite the decrees of tne secular authorities. PRUSSIA. In the Military Committee of Chambers, tha Deputies amendment was introduced with tha object of effecting a reconciliation bet veen the government and chamber, and proposing a maximum strengh of the army at 180,000 men* which was rejected by 11 to b. The committee ai o rejected the g.-neral military estimates and navy estimates and amendments, thus re fusing tiie whole military and naval proposals oi lire government. AUSTRIA. Count Mensdorff had made some ministerial explanation in "the Lower House Beichsrath. II . said the views of the government on the question of the Duchies would be communica ted in Diet on the fith of April. As n girds relations with Italy, he said tha government desired to promote the material in terests of the two countries, but* that Italy maintained a hostile attitude to the govern ment. He desired to economize, but must maintain ti e position of Austria as a great Power. . INDIA. A private Calcutta telegrarii o' March 27, re ports commercial affairs in much the same state i-x on the 25 lh, when slight improvements had. taken piace. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET— MARCH 31. Cotton.—The stock of cotton in port iff 580,- 000 biles by actual count, being 13,000 bales below the estimates, of which amount 48,000 bales are American. The Manchester market was firmer with an upward tendency. - • Rosin dull. Spirits Turpentine quiet at 655 a 605. LIVERPOOL MARKET- — APRIL 1. f. tj’on.—Sales to-day G,OOJ bales, including 2,000 La'cs to speculators and exporters. Tha mar .et !- le-s.firm but quie.t and unchanged. ikUAhSTiuvs—The market is quiet and. } steady. Provisions—The market is dull. LONDON MONEY MARKET—APRIL 1. Consols closed at 87£-*9O for money. America Stocks—United States Five- twen ties D n’t Neglect Grain Crops - -Owing to the "Hu . -.-.I backwardness of the season, many of r: -h-rii a.3 not yet done planting corn. Let those who have finished examine their i •- oun:l carefully and see if they cannot put j a acres more. We will need every peck ■■ .0 possibly be produced, Late com i .-j - scceeds better than that planted .■%: ■ Plant spate late and give it a trial. . forget the sugar millet, potatoes and | ... in -hut. raise everything which can ! sustain animal life. —Athms Watchman. Curtin at Richmond, attending to tha Wmis of the sick and wounded Pennsylvania j soldiers.