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N. S. .MORSE. ■'-jijisfti iiii it j&wtttttl* The United States and Mexico. —A Phila delphia dispatch asserts quite positively, but gives no authority, date, or place m’support of the statement, that General Grant recently said that our Government would soon force Maximilian to quit Mexico, it being less expen sive to give the Mexican Liberals the aid they require, than to guard the Rio Grande border. He did not think any call for troops would be required, the regular army being sufficient for the purpose. Confirmation will be required for this rumor before much importance is attached to it. In this connection some of Mr. Seward’s recently published diplomatic correspondence has additional interest. On the 27th of Feb ruary, 1804, he instructed our late Minister at Paris, Mr. Dayton, in view of the expected ar rival of Maximilian at Paris, on his way to Mexico, that if the latter appeared in Paris on ly in his character of a Prince of the house of Hapsburg, to be neither demonstrative nor reserved in his deportment toward him. If he appeared with any assumption of authority in regard to Mexico, Mr. Dayton was to entirely refrain from intercouso with him. If any re mark or inquiry as to the Miuister’s conduct should ensue therefrom, Mr. Dayton was, it necessary, to say that his conduct was pre scribed by instructions from Washington. The United States officials acknowledged revolu tions only by direction of the President, upon full and mature consideration, and until such was obtained no formal or informal communi cations with political agents or representatives of revolutionary movements were to be held. On tbe 30ih of April,' 1864; Mr. Seward again wrote to Mr. Dayton. “It is, of course, not impossible that new embarrassments for this Government may grow out of the Archduke’s assumption of au thority in Mexico. But we shall do r.Il that prudence, justice, and honor require to avert them. At the same time wo shall not forego the assertion of any of our national rights. If Buch precautions fail to secure us against ag gression, we shall then, 1 trust, be able t® rise, without effort, to the now duties which in that case will have devolved upon us. 1 re main now firm, as heretofore, in the opinion that the destinies of the American continent are not to be permanently controlled by any political arrangements that can bo made in the capitals of Europe. Tub PuuLtc Debt. —The following is a recap itulation of the public debt, as appears from the books, Treasurer’s roturus and requisitions in the Department on the 30lh of September last : Debt bearing interest in coin, $1,116,- 658,161 80; interest, $65,000,570 50. Debt bearing interest in lawful money, $1,260,000,- 120 44; interest $72,527,645 75. Debt on which interest has ceased, $1,389,320 09. Debt bearing no interest, $366,891,093 84. Total* amount outstanding, g5,744,947,726,- 17. Interest, $137,529,210 25. The amount of legal tender notes in circula tion is as follows : One and two years 5 per cent n0te5.532,952,230 United States notes old issue 392,070 “ “ “ new issue 427,768,499 Compound interest noteß, act of March 3d, 1863 15,000,000 Compound interest notes, act of June 30,1864 202,012,141 Total $678,126,940 As compared with the statement for August there is ® reduction of the public debt of near ly $12,742, and of interest over half a mil lion, and also a reduction of $6,012,000 of the legal tender notes bn circulation. The amount iu the treasury in co. ?Q 1® $31,740,(88,73. The amount iu The treasury in currency 55,- 077,229,85. Showing a decrease of nearly $22,700,000 of coin as compared with the August statement, and an increase of $13,- 453,e57 iu currency. The amount of fractional currency ,is $16,487,754, or an increase of $lll,OOO There has been an increase of Die 5-20 bonds of June 30, 1864, $8,211,000: and of July 11, 1865, 6 per cent temporary loan, of nearly $S,000.000; and of March Ist, 1862, certificates of indebtedness, a reduction of over $22,000,000. Tub Fenian Movement. —Much excitement still continues In various sections ot the North over the Feuiau movement. Two steamers which lately sailed from New York are said to have taken out $1,000,000 in bouds for the use of the embryotic Irish Republic. It is currently reported that as soou as these bonds reach Ireland, matters will assume a more defiant form, and a proclamation, also printed at New York, will be spread broadcast throughout the land. Late European advices state that Fenianism was still the cause of very considerable excite ment in public and official circles, both in Ire land and Euglaud. The Paris press had also commenced a very full aud rather sympathiz ing canvass of the movement, its exciting causes, objects aud chances of success. jThirty one persons had been arrested in Dublin, in cluding the men seized in the “Irish People” office. They were remanded after an examina tion before the magistrates. Large rewards were offered for the arrest of suspected parties, who had tied to Eugland. A man named McCaff'erty, said to be an ex-officer of the Southern American array, was arrested in Kin sale and held’in durance. The luggage of all passengers arriving in Ireland from America was strict’y searched. It is alleged that the Irish police have a very large quautity of doc umentary evidence in their possession. AU the country ballad singers of Ireland, it is alleged, are in the pay of the Fenians. Liver pool and Manchester were being agitated in favor of Fenianism. aud some Manchester delegates had arrived in the former town on ‘■business’’ connected with the organization. The Prksibent and ms Policy.— According to some of the Northern papers who profess to keep fully posted, the President informed Dean Richmond, the great New York Demo cratic intriguing politician, “ that he should, in no wise, intertere with New York politics ; that he considered himself pledged to no party, and that only those who approved of his pres ent policy could be regarded as his friends He further stated that the policy of recon struction. which he is now pursuing, is nOt an experiment, but the settled course which he pan determined to carry out without reference to the wishes of any party; FOREIGN AFFAIRS Tbe position of affairs in about every foreign nation show that matters are in decidedly an unsettled state within their border. Let us take the“ British Empire to begin witb > The recent vigorous efforts of the government show that trouble is apprehended at home. The police force in Ireland has been doubled ; the military increased to more than 50,000 men, and Sir Hugh Rose, the recent comman der-in-chief of H. B. M. armies in the Erst Indies and, perhaps, the ablest and most expe rienced soldier the Empire possesses, placed at the head of the troops. At the same moment, the entire Channel Fleet has been ordered to the Irish Coast, and gunboats are cruising off Cape Clear where the landing of American Fenians is or has been expected. The most strenuous exertions are being made through out Ireland to arrest the ringleaders iu the movement and to get possession of the lists of membership and other documents of the or ganization. Affairs in Canada look as if Eng land might have some trouble in that country also. ’ In France, the public mind is disturbed by the Mexican question ; the possible attempt to annex Belgium and extend tho frontiers of the Empire to the Rhine ; the conflict of religious opinion in Reference to politics and the secret machinations of the “ Ronges” or “Reds” in one direction, and those of the Legitimists and Bourbons in another. Germany resembles, in very truth, a smoul dering volcano where the still fiery embers of former resentments are being steadily fanned into flame by the despotic utterances of the Prussian King, the jealousy of Austria, and the bickorings of the smaller States, all now shaken beneath the surface by a general popular movement for more democratic forms and greater liberty. In Spain and Italy the differences between the Crown and clergy, far from beiDg adjusted, are more vehement than ever. They even threaten to bring about most serious revolts of which more than one symptom has occasion ed the utmost alarm in Lombardy on the Italian Peninsula and in the Spanish Asturias. Even Switzerland is not exempt from sources of immediate apprehension. The plottings of the Mazzinists upon her soil compromise her with both Italy and Austria ; and both France and Northern Germany Lave bad reason to complain, quite lately, that many who are ac tively engaged in fomenting revolution within their borders find a ready asylum among the Swiss mountains. Russia has, once more, her Pausclavonic and Polish conspiracies. Turkey, just thoroughly scourged by the cholera, is again harrassed on the Montenegrin frontier. And Greece remains a sort of crystalized anarchy. If wo iook further toward the Orient the scene is one of wild confusion—“ Chaos come again.’ ’ In China, rebellious cities, slaughtered population, and devastated provinces appear to be the order of the day. In South America, war fills tho scene from ocean to ocean. Brazil, the Argentine Con federation, the Banda Oriential, Paraguay and Uraguay are in the whirlpool, Peru and Chili are -just emerging from it; the r?st are rapidly eddying toward it. Still nearer home, we find Mexico and tbe Central' American States “dissevered, discor dant, belligerent,” their lands wasted, their shattered, their people miserable Truly we have every reason to be thankful that peace haß again visited oui land. We trust that all things will again once more move smoothly and uninterruptedly ; that the plans of radical agitators may be defeated ; and that none but wise counsels and harmony may prevail in our State and national Halls of Legislation. Room for Industry.— The gold region of Georgia holds out great inducements to the honest, intelligent and industrious laborer. North Eastern Georgia, which includes the gold region, is generally mountainous ; springs of pure water abound, such as are looked for in all mountainous countries. The atmosphere is as pure and healthy as can be found in any section of the globe, and good living can be procured for as little money, or secured with as little labor. This country abounds with water falls of great power, and they are generally distributed over this section of the country. The gold mines have been worked, it is true, since 1832 ; but in snch a rude manner that one may be justified in saying that they, had barely been tested. Up to the discovery of gold in California, thousands ’ a wero employed in the digging of gold in Georgia. The reports from that dis tant laud, induced many of our miners to leave for that section—a certainty for an uncertainty. Many lost their lives in*the hazardous under taking, while a few realised a fortune, and returned to their mountain homes. la this section of the country, land can be bought from two to ten dollars per acre. Gold mines can be leased on reasonable terms—by the paying of one fifth of the amount realized. Fruits of all kinds do well,’ such particularly, as abounds in thß Middle and Eastern States. It is too cold for cotton, but corn, and small grains generally do well. This is the only sec tion of the South where we have seen buck wheat growing, and here it does as well as in New Jeresy. And for rye aud barley, and Irish potatoes, North Georgia can’t be beat. Up to a few year 9 back no case of billious fever was ever known in that country, and remains a question to-day, with many, whether there ever was a case of billions fever in that section- speaking in the general, it is as healthy, probably as any place on the globe. We learn that Jacob K. Davis & Sons have agents in every county in that portion of the State, prepared to carry out every instruction given them in tbe purchase of lands in that section. To intelligent, industrious white laborers, this section of Georgia holds out great inducements. To all such we say come on— if vou find yourself at a loss en-route, call on*Jacob K. Davis & Son, Augusta, Georgia. The East Tennessee Route —The Chat tanooga Gazette says the time through from that city to Washington will be fifty-one hours. Baltimore in fifty-three hoars Philadelphia in fifty-eight hours and New York in sixty-one hours This is by the East Tennessee route. AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 18, 1865. Gratifying News.— The most gratifying news that has reached us for many-a-day is an nounced in the telegraph dispatches from Washington in this morning’s paper, Several leading men have been released from confine ment on their paroles, and permitted to re turn to their respective homes. Among them is Hon. A. H. Stephens—Georgia’s great and noble son. Every citizen of this State will read the an nouncement with heartfelt gratfication and satisfaction. Every one will feel thankful that his powerful influence can once more be felt in guiding Georgia through the troubles which now beset her. Tho release of Hon. A. H. Stephens from Fort Warren qpeurred in most opportune time. Great and vexed questions are yet to be settled. And his counsils are more needed now than they ever have been. We trust they will be heeded and followed. No one is better able to give wise and judicious advice than he. To Capitalists. —The new steamship com pany is now being organized at Charleston, under the name of “The People’s Steamship company.” It already has two first elas6 steamers running between that city and New York. It is the design of those who have charge of matters to arrange affairs in such a way that the stock will be a most profitable and safe investment. Public spirit alone should, however, induce our people to take shares in the enterprise. There is no good reason why steamship lines should not be es tablished soon between Charleston and Eu rope. All that is needed to bring about such a desirable result, is energy and enterprise. The shares in the People’s Steamship ny” are only one hundred dollars each. Messrs Willis & Chisolm Mills, House, Charles ton, are the agents. Any desired information can be obtained by-applying to them. m The Atlanta Medical Collegb. —We are informed that the regular course of Lectures of the Atlanta Medical College will commence on the first Tuesday in November next. The Faoulty is composed of skillful and scientific professors, who well understand the duties of their position. W 8 notice that the chair, formerly'occupied by Dr. H. W.* Brown—that of Professor of Anatomy—who has removed to Texas, is now filled by D. C O’Keefe, M. D., recently a sur geon in the army, and now a resident phy scian of Atlanta, a gentleman skilled in his profession and a worthy successor of the dis tinguished professor whose place he will fill. A Good Non-Intervention Argument. —A few nights since quite a row occurred at Co lumbus, Ga. During the fight a citizen asked a policeman who was standing some distance from the scene of action,* “Why he did not stop the disturbance.” The reply, we think, was a capital argument in favor of non intervention. “My friend,” said the police man, “I have tried it over there, ...and my head haß felt the force of a brick. Now if you want to try is you can just go in.” MM -SBr- Virginia Moving. —Meetings are being held throughout the State of Virginia, pledging support to President Johnson’s reconstruction policy, and expressing an earnest wish for the full establishment of the Constitutional au thority of the United States Government. It would do no harm if meetings of this kind were held in Georgia. On the contrary, much good would result tri m them. Who will move in the matter ? Richmond Superior Court. —Court met yes terday morning, Judge James S. Hook, pre siding. Owing to tho*illness of on 9of the members of Judge Hook’s family, and the condition of affairs, court was adjourned to the third Monday in January 1866 Sitting however, a day or so for the granting of neces sary orders and rules. The court mette this morning at ten o’clock, for one hour. W. G. Whidby, was sworn in as Deputy clerk. An Effort to Impeach Gov. Brownlow. — In the Tennessee Legislature just assembled, ar ticles of impeachment are being made out by six members of that body, against Gov. Brownlow. They proceed upon the ground that he has illegally appointed Justices of the Peace and other officers, contrary to the laws of the State. A Commendable Enterprise. —The South ern Express Company have a very commenda ble enterprise on hand which they are pushing forward as rapidly as possible. They are now erecting a line of telegraphic wires between this city and Atlanta. An ‘‘lnstitution’' of his kind has long been needed. The line is now in working order to Berzelia, and an office located at that place. —>p South Carolina Politics —There is a grea stir among the South Carolina politicians in anticipation of the coming Congressional elec tions, and candidates are issuing addresses to the people through the papers. A Governor and members of the Legislature will be elected on the 18th inst. The Tobacco Crop in Connecticut. —It is es timated that the tobacco crop in the valley of the Connecticut this year will be equal to ths value o f six millions of dollars. Large quanti ties of Connecticut seed are exported to Cuba, to be returned in the shape of fine fresh Ha v&nna, and the export to Germany is also very large. The Mobile and Ohio Railroad. —Trainß on the Mobile and Ohio railroad now lun from Columbus, Ky., to Mobile, three times a week. To connect with these trains a steamer leaves Cairo, 111. Through time from Cairo to Mo bile, forty nine hours. The Cotton Crop in Middle Tennessee.— It is said that the cotton crop in Middle Ten nessee is much better than was at first an ticipated. » The East Tennessee Railroad.— The bridges over the East Tennessee Railroad are now all completed, and the trains run through to Bris tol. C harleston and Columbia Railroad.— The South Caroline Railroad now run car from Charleston to Hopkin’s Turnout, twelve miles from Columbia. Chinch Bug—An Important Discovery,- - Dr. H. Sherman foimerly of Goodale, now of this city, has made a discovery regarding the breeding of the chinch bug. which we believe will make it an easy matter to totally eradi cate this curse of wheat growers. He writes as follows : “The chinch bug having destroyed my wheat for a number of years, I was anxious to get rid of him, and I believe I have tracked him home, and can easily destroy him, root and branch. I believe that next season, if the farmers will follow my advice, they may raise a good crop of wheat, and not lose a bushel from the ravages of the bug. This is the im portant secret My investigations led me to believe that the seed wheat or kernel was used as a sort of ‘foster mother’ by the bug, and I find by inspection through a microscope that in all wheat grown upon land where there are bugs, is deposited in the blow or fuzzy end of the kernel, a large quantity of eggs, which produce the bugs the next season. Mr. Shuman says he will convince any farmer of the truth of this, if they will bring him a sample of wheat grown where there were plenty of bugs. It follows, that if the kernel of seed wheat is the general depository of the eggs of the chinch bug, that our farmers have been sowing the pest each year as .regularly as have their wheat, and it follows that if such is the case, the eradication of the bug will be easily accomplished—either by sowing no wheat that has been in contact with the bug, or by steep ing the seed in some solution before sowing which will destroy the larva. We hope that others will investigate this matter and give us the results of their ob servations.— Waukegan (111.,) Gazette. Bids for Mail Contracts. —The Milledge* ville Recorder publishes the following letter on this subject from Washington City for pub lic information. Persons making bids for mail contracts can see what will be allowed for such service. It is, we learn, a settled principle with tbe Federal Government to take no bids over tho rates of 18S1, to depre ciate its own currency. Persons making bids are requestsd to address the authorities at Washington City. Post Office Department, ) Contract Office, Washington, September 13, 1865. J Sir —The Department is in daily receipt of proposals from various parties for the perfor mance of mail service in Georgia, in which the bidders name rates of pay above the maximum fixed by the Postmaster General to be allowed for temporary service. The rates so fixed were determined by the average pay of 1861 of various routes in tbe South and Southwest, taken indiscriminately, and are as follows : For once a week service, $8 per mile per annum. For twice a week service, sls per mile per annum. For three times a week service, $22 per mile per annum. As many or the proposals referred to come through the Executive office, I have thought proper to give you this information, adding the request that it may be communicated, whenever opportunity offers, to such persons as desire to obtain contracts for temporary mail service, inasmuch as the Department will consider no proposal which names a larger rate than that above specified. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, Geo. W. McClellan, Second Ass’t P. M. General, Hon. James Johnson, Provisional Governor of Georgia, Milledgeville, Ga. Fifth A\enub, New York. There are forty five blocks on Fifth Avenue, and three hun dred and forty residences ; with the exception of some cheap and old fashioned shanties far up toward the park, there is not a house on the entire avenue that cost less than $22,000. The average cost of these buildings is $38,000, and the average rents of them, when there are any to rent, is $3,000. The average cost of a furnished house on the avenue is S4OO a month, by which you can see that lodging alone, in this infant quarter of Manhatten, is not far from $5,000 a year. To keep house in tbe average way, on the avenue, will cost $12,000, and this is the interest on upwards of $200,000, at 6 per cent, but the ordinary American interest is even as much as $125,000. The house of A. T. Stewart, just gone up, will cost, when completed, SBOO,OOO. It is built of the purest native marble, and has a front of 90 feet, a depth of 200 feet, and its architecture is of the purest classical “American.” The pres ent residence of Mr. Stewart, immediately op posite, is 40 by 100 feet, and will rent for $3,- 500. A f6w doors from Stewart’s new establish ment, and on the same side of the way, lies the residence of William B. Astor, of spacious and substantial brick, trimmed with brown stone. This house cost $60,000, and looks Astor like, plain and eminently respectable. Mr. Astor is tbe real estate king of New York, as Stewart is the mercantile dictator, and Van derbilt the stock sovereign.— Cincinnati Com mercial. Interesting Dissovery at Pompeii.—Abund ant details have been received from Naples respecting the freshly uncovered temple of Juno among the recent excavations at Pompeii. Three hundred skeletons were found crowed within the sanctuary, a propitiatory sacrifice being evidently hold in the hour they wefe overwhelmed. The statue of the goddess, with attendant peacock, the tripon in front of the alter, the golden censer, the jewels on the per- Bon of the priestess, the rich vessels holding a deposit of .animal blood, are the main particu lars dwelt on, no chapter in that awful story being more instructive or interesting. The eyeß of Juno were of the most vived enamel, her arms and her whole person richly decora ted with gold trinkets, her gaudy bird res . plendentwith a cluster of glittering gems Aromatic ingredients lay calcined within the censer, while gorgeous lamps and bronze orna ments strewed the tesselated pavement. Alkaline as a Test for the Adulteration of Cotton. —A method of using aniline as a means of ascertaining whether or not the linen in any fabric is mixed with cotton, and If so, in what proportion, is given by Bottger in the recent number of tbe “Chemisches Central Blatt.” A.t the corners of one end of a strip of the fabric to be tested he loosens the threads so as to-expose both the warp and the woof. He then dips that end of the strip in an alco holic solution of aniline red, washes it in wa ter until the washings are colorless, and then places it in an aqueous solution of ammonia. If any cotton is present, the ammonia will dis charge the color from it without touching the, color of the linen portion. The linen threads will remain of a bright rose color, but the cotton threads will become quite white, A Missouri Judge on the New Constitution of tbe State.—A few days since in.the St. Louis Circuit Court, Judge Moody read a long document upon the test oath, written in -a re gular stump speech style, and allowing at torneys to practice in his court whether they have taken iiie oath or not, declaring it is not within his province to recognize tbe require ments of the Constitution in this respect’ He then dismissed the case of Meade vs. Thomas in compliance with the writ of prohibition from the Supreme Court, and afterward read an opinion upon the question decided by the Su preme Court, in which he characterized [the proceedings of the Governor and Court, as the work of a mob ; declared the Cosrt, in whose jurisdiction he had just acquiesced, a Court da facto, and, after a long tirade of personalities, he wound up by dismissing the subject with intense contempt. Hon. Kenneth C. Raynor, of North Carolina, has written, forjfpublication. a|long letter on the times. VOL. LXXIV.—-NEW/rIIES VOL. XXIV NO. 42. m ■ __ Convention of Southern States.— Some of our Southern contemporaries, growing imps tient under the persistent misrepresentations of certain parties in the North, whose vocation is mischief, propose a convention of the South", ern States for the purpose of taking, action so decisive a character as to leave no possibil ity of being misunderstood. or distorted. Cotton in Upper Louisiana.— A Shreveport dispatch of September 20, says cotton still con tinues to arrive at that place. The sales of the week ending that date, were heavier than ever before since the resumption of trade. An Order in Regard to State Apprentice Laws.— Gen. Howard, the head of the Freed man’s Bureau, has issued the annexed notice in regard to State apprentice laws. The State laws with regard to apprenticeship will be recognized by this Bureau, provided they make no distinction of color ; or in case they do so, the said laws applying to white children will be extended to the colored.— The officers of this Bureau are regarded q* guardians of the orphans and minors of freed men within their respective districts. The principle to b 8 adhered to with regard to paupers is that each county, parish, township or city, shall care for and provide for its own poor. The vagrant laws made for free peo ple, and now in force on the operations of this Bureau , will be recognized and extended to. the freedmen. Assistant Ccommissioners will draw up the specific instruc ions applica ble to their respective States, in accordance with the foregoing principles. Merino Sheep. —A leading feature in the Michigan State Fair was the display of merino sheep. About six hundred of these animals were exhibited. A correspondent of the Chi cago Tribune says: “ The exhibition of Spanish merinoes has never been excelled, if equalled, in the West, and it shows a most commendable enterprise on the part of our Western farmers to intro duce tho production of the very best wools that grow. When we state that, within twelve months, as we are credibly informed, as high as £7,000 has been paid for a single Spanish merino buck, and in several instances $3,000 to $5,000, while a payment of SI,OOO is of . daily occurrence, tho people will readily un derstand the deep interest which our leading farmers take in wool growing. The coming year will develops new and vast * resources in this branch of domestic economy. Pure Iron. —A late number of Poggendorf’s “Annalen der Physik and Chemie’’ contains a mo6t interesting article by Dr. Stablschmidt on “Nitride of Iron.” Dr. Stablschmidt seems to have been more successful in obtain ing this compound than any one else who has yet experimented upon it.* By decomposing nitride of iron by means of hydrogen, he has obtained a metallic iron in a state of very re markable purity. The iron thus obtained is described as being of “a silver white color, ex traordinarily ductile, and so soft that it miy be cut with ease by an ordinary knife: It ox idizes in the air as easily as ordinary iron, and in moist air more easily. It possesses also the property of condensing water on its surface when in contract with atmospheric air.” Its specific gravity is as low a3 6.03, which is very remarkable, seeing that the specific gravity of the purest iron hitherto known, that obtained by electrolysis, is as much as 8.1393, and that of commercial bar iron about 7.8. The Iron obtained by Dr. Stablschmidt, in the way in dicated, dissolves in acids without leaving the slightest residue, and would thus seem to nave been purer than iron obtained by any other method. Arsenic Eating.— Statements of the most opposite charaeter have been current from time to time as te the existence in Syria of a clas3 of arsenic eaters, who habitually indulged, with impunity, a taste for this violent irritant poison, and derived-;various supposed advan tages from the practice. Dr. Von Tschudi’s paper on the subject in 1851 was extensively circulated in this country, and while by, some it was accepted a3 veracious it was gen erally rejected as fabulous. Professor John son gave it vogue by adopting it in his Chem istry of Common life, but Taylor in his stand ard work “On Poisons,” treats the stories of Syrian arsenic-eaters as exagerated state ments, utterly inconsistent with all that is known concerning the action of arsenic in this and other countries, and which but for the literary support of Prof, Johnson would not have required any serious refutation. Pro fessor Cristisoni apropos of the Wooler oase, absolutely denied them in 1855, and treated the-story as “a mass of absurdity” and a “pure fable.” It does indeed, seem incredible that meu should swallow so virulent a poison as arsenic in doses of five and six grains with habitual impunity and even advantages. Roscoe and Hirsch have, however, furnished of late years unequivocal evidence that such is the fact, and in a late number of the Phar maceutical Journal, Dr. Craig Mact’arlane ad duces additional evidence of the most entire ly conclusive character. Arsenic eaters produced in proprus persorus ; the arsenic which they eat before him was taken from duly tested samples, and the secre tions of the arsenic-eaters being subsequently tested, gave the various chemical reactions in dicating the presence of arsenic. Here there is no room for scepticism. Hoker, one of the arsenic-eaters, stated that he could not do without his dose of arsenic, which he took at intervals varying from four to eight days ; that when he has a distance to walk to his work he takes a larger dose, and is then in good spirits for about eight days that if, however, he in termits it for fourteen days, he feels stiff in the feet, wi»h craving for another dose; the arsenic helps his digeston. He stated that all arsenic-eaters are healthy ; and that he be lieved that, as with opium, if the dose be gradually diminished, an arsenic eater can break himself of the habit. It is evident that we must modify the opinion formerly held, that although the human body may be brought to bear with impunity gradually increasing doses of vegetable poisons, such as opium, it is not so with mineral poisons. Evidently, a tolerance can be established of arsenic, one ol the most violent of mineral irritants. The U. S. Naval Service. —Os the total number of officers ’.n-our naval service at the close of the war, 5,956 were born in the United States, 748 were foreigners, and 689 did not furnish the place of their birth. Os native born Americans, New York State furnished the largest number, 1,263 ; Massachusetts 1,226, Pennsylvania 850, Maine 459, Connecti cut 264, New Hampshire 175, Rhode leland 102—a larger proportion of men in proportion to her territory than any of the large eeaboard States—and Vermont 81, Os the 47 foreign countries which Contributed men lor our great national struggle, Ireland gave 188, England li <, Scotland 79, Germany 55, Sweden 33, Canada 32, Denmark 22, Norway 19, Nova Scoria and Prussia 18 each, New Brunswick 14, France 13 ; and the balance included rep resentatives numbering 8 down to 1 of almost every nationality but Portugal—Turkey, Greece, Russia, Poland, the Sandwich Islands, sc., not excepted. mu r. , STAIE ITK>*B - Coiumbus papers say thieving is reduced to a science in that city. Some parties from the North have been to Columbus and offered the father of Blind Tom, if he would break his contract with the per son who now has the charge of the boy, and give them the control of him. The old man refused to do so. A National Bank has been chartered at At lanta. Why not one at Augusta. -f' AUl\ The soft eaim oflL Have brought that* Which binds the heart-off men V ' .T . that mystefcWfr,.' .ich, if it h**”*^' • - 'ay turn into Y • On all its scenes then. . , - n And while t . Its bright eftV dim air, - * It is not atl w ose ■ The many ktb ; St muse— In memory .* In thoaghiifv der—scarcely knowing wbuio. ' t While subj<®t& to this changing; mystic, Au * tumn rose. « Who has not strolled along some sylvan stream - ‘ To hear the gentle whispering of the tide, When leaves were falling through the sun’s pale beam, And watched atone till all was like a dream f And in that dream bow many to our side Have come again, with gentle words to chide, By saying, ah, how cold we all In absence 6eem ? How oft I’ve asked the future if ’twere mine To live so good, so upright, and so pure, That, when this life was sinking in decline, The light of Heaven would so softly shine. As this to-day, and calmly thus allure. . The chastened soul to realms that shall en dure, Where all is like the God who made it—all divine. Gordon. “AHICR* POMEROY OX MOSQUITOS, “Brick” Pomeroy, of the La Crosse, Wis. Democrat, gives the following as his expeii ment in getting mosquitos intoxicated, “Josh Billings” can’t beat it : MOSQUITOS ON A BENDER. Night befor last, in ordei to sleep, we placed a pieoe of raw beef steak on a plate at the head of our bed?*. In the morning it was by the mosquitos sucked as dry of blood as an old Bponge, and our skin saved at least sand perforations. All about the room in the mering were mosquitos, plethoric with blood, loaded till they could not fly. We kilted a few, but the job was too sanguinary, so we left them to their feast. * Last night, in order to get even with the Berenaders, we steeped halt a ponnd of fresh beefsteak in some old rye whiskey and left it on a plate near the bod. Nothing like being hospitably inclined. In ten minutes after tbe light wa3 extinguished a swarm of these back biting bill-p63ters made an advance move ment. One of them caressed us sweetly on the nose —he sent in his bill—there was a slap—a di lated oath—a dead mosquito ! Soon weheard|a tremendous buzzing about the whiskey soaked beef. The entire mosqueto family came sing ing in, and such an opera ! But they did not disturb us with bites—we fell asleep to be awakened in ten minutes by the worst mos queto concert ever editor, or any other man listened to. We raised a light, and the great est show of the eeason was there to be seen. Every mosquito was drunk as a blind fiddler, and such an uproarous night as the long-bil led whelps had, never was seen before ! The worst antics 1 Some were playing circus on the plate. One big fellow, with a bread basket like Fallstaff, full of blood and whiskey, was dancing a juba while a fat friend of his tribe lay on her back beating a tune on an invisible tamborine with one hind leg ! Two more were wrestling on the foot board of the bed, each with his bill stuck fast in the timber. Another was tieing the legs of our pants into a bow'’- knot to tie about the neck of Anna Dickinson, which hangs against the wash stand, while another red-stomached customer was trying to stand on his head in the wash bowl. All over the room were drunken mosquitos ! One long bill, gaunt representative was trying to ram the mucilage bottle full of newspaper clippings. Another*thap was drilling a hole through a revolver handle and singing “My Mary Ann,” while another was limping across the window stili in search of fresh air, to the agonizing tune of—tramp- tramp tramp ! One little ram of a skeet was trying to jam the cock out of Gen. Butler’s eye .with a tooth brush. Another drunken statesman ol the mosquito family, was talking Russian to a lot of dcuuken companions as they lay in a heap on a plate, white another one sat on the handle of out bowie knife, doubled up with a cramp in the stomach, and trying to unite his -talp with his bili. He was a sick looking skeeter, and died in three mimutes after we saw him, her or it v as the case may be. Two qlhers took a bath in the inkstand. . Another one with a "bill like the devil’s narrative was trying to wind our watch with a pen wiper, while another had just died as he was sitting one the rim-of a dish in the room, trying to chant— I’ve corns home to die!” Poor skeeter. A nice skfceter, but “’twas pity be drank ” an old veteran with a bread basket full of 'alf and ’alf —blood and whiskey—sat on the table reading Les Miserable, while his wife was under the stove trying to mend her broken wing with a limpsey tooth pick. She looked disgusted ! Another one combed his hair with' a paper of pins, tied a piece ot white paper about his nock, pasted a five cent infernal reve nue stamp on his rump, and died like a loyal citizen. His last words were— “ Tell the traitors ail around you,” etc., etc., Another drunken scamp has just started otft of the window for John B Gough, or a stom ach pump. A worse behaved set of bummers we never saw. They have acted fearful. About two thousand lie about dead, but sad ness seemed not to break in upon their hilari ous rioting upon blood and whiskey. Half a dozen of them set on our new hat playing draw poker, using worm lozengers for checks, while one of the party got clean busted, by making a fifty dollar blind good on a four flush, which didn’t fill! He will be apt to wear cot ton socks next winter. Six others were trying to bang one that looks like a copperhead to the corner of a match safe, bat as they were drunk and he sober it'is not safe to bet on his being dangled. They have eaten tbe beet—drank the blood, and whi-key—drilled the plate full of holes—and ou the centre-table organized, a Son of Malta lodge, using a five cent shin plaster for a blanket In the act entitled “The elevation of Man ” Another leader of the Miss Keefer family had a battalion of drunken bummers on the edge of a spittoon watching him jam a fur over coat into his left ear. He was foolish—foolish enough for a Brigadier General or a member of Congress. A.little fellow with black legs, crimson stomach aud double jointed bill, was vomiting in a satin slipper, while his wife, a sickly looking lady of her tribe was gnawing at the bed post, thinking it a bologna. An other one, evidently an old maid, sat under the sofa, milking the oat, while her sister wt ß crowding a pair of woolen drawers into her waterfall, singing in a subdued strain : “Come rest in this bosom !” Italy. The Turin correspondent of the Lon don Morning Herald has published some statis tics with a view to show the low intellectual status of the Italian people. He says that of the 21.777,334 individuals forming the popula tion of the Italian kingdom, only 3,884,345 can read and write, while 893,383 can read only, leaving the enormous proportion of 16,999,791 totally ignorant cf tne first rudiments of edu cation. These returns shows that, with the ex ceptions of Russia and Turkey, the Italians are the most illiterate people in Europe. COMMERCIAL. . Cincinnati Market—October 6. j Reported expressly for chronicle & skntinbl BY G. W . PHILLIPS. Provisions. —The provison market during the week past has been fevorish, light stocks in the West and advancing prices in the East for all articles has stirred up the t trade here, and a large business has been done. The Southern trade has been large, in a small way, that is, jobbers are buying small lots for the South, but are taking a considerable quantity in the aggregate, and to these orders, may be attributed much of tho advance realized. Quo tations of provisions generally must be regard' ed as merely nominal, as tho least provocation wiil cause an advance which it is impossible to keep pace with. Hogs have attracted considerable attention, and are now held higher than quoted in my last, lHc. gross or 14c. nett, is asked for eaily deliveries, with buyers a shade less. Tbe sales during the week past have been light, our best and strongest packers prefer ring to wait till the season opens beiore buy ing, believing that the large corn crop and the high prices for the animal will bring them out hero, and that the crop in pounds may be equal to last season. A sale of 500 was made to-day at 140. nett for first ten days in No vember delivery. Mess Pork has been in good demand all the week, and has advanced full $1 50 per bbl. closing to-day at $36 firm. Prime Mess held at 3L, no business here. But little country pork is offering, and but little to be had, the total stock ot pork of all kinds here, will not exceed 18.000 barrels. Lard is almost exhausted and prime is gen erally held at 29$e with no lots of over 10 to 30 tiercos to be had—kegs scarce at 30c, butch ers lard 26J to 265, Greases in light supply at 15 to 21c per the range of grades. Bulk Meats are in active demand at 180 per shoulders, 19$ per sides, but are generally held at 18$ and 20c loose. Smoked Meats are also in good demand at 19$ to 19$ per Shoulders, sides 21 j to 21 sc, clear sides 25c—packed. Whiskey, 226, and firm. Exports of the week ICS kegs lard, 688 tia lard, 101 tis bacon, 593 hhds; bulk and bacon, 100 boxes, 1321 bbls pork, and 55,463 lba of loose meats. Freights unchanged but an advaneeof 10c. per 100 lbs will be made this week. Exchange plenty and dull at l-10d to fair buying ffor New York. • "cotton quotations. COLUMBUS COTTON STATEMENT—SEPT. 7. Stock on hand Sept. 1, 1865 bales 5,000 Received this week 854 “ previously 1,854 Total amount received.- 7,712 Shipped past week 261 “ previously 1,212 Total amount shipped 1,473 Stock on hand October 7 5,239. ATLANTA COTTON MARKET—CCT. IQ. Small and heavy transactions taking* place by sample at the extreme figures of 28 to 33 cents. Most ot the cotton arriving in the Atlanta market is classed as “buried cotton.’ October 9. The market wufouiet on Saturday, owing to the small sfcoelc for sale. The sales, though small were at the full rates of our last quota tions. Some saieß of mid Rings at 40c. , Columbus October. 10. Market active yesterday ; strict middling sold at 32 cents. The limits of tho prices ob tained were 25 to 32 cents, COTTON tiOODS QUOTATIONS. Columbus, Ga. October 7. Osnaburgs are retailing with some readiness at 30c, but at wholesale are dull at 26c ; yarns $2 50@3,5Q per pundle—demand great; sheet ings and Bhirtings 35c—stock‘considerable. * Atlanta October 10. Cotton thread, $2,70 to $3 : osnaburgs, 20 to 22 cents ; 4-4 sheeting, 28 to 30 cents per yard. TOBACCO QUOTATIONS. New York, October 5. Kentucky has been in good demand, and prices are well sustained ; we quote as follows in gold. Light leaf lugs (sound,) sa6c ; do. common leaf, 6Ja7Jc ; medium, 7|a9c ; good, 9£all£c ; fine, 12a'4c, and selections, 15a170 ; heavy Western aud Clarksviile Jugs (sound,) 7aßJc ; common leaf, 10al2c ; medium, 12£a 14c ; good, 14a16c ; fine, 17al8c, and selec tions, 19a21c. The demand for this article during the past month has continued uniform ly Bteady, though at no time aotive. The saieß during Se ptember exceed those of any previous month of the year, and sum up fully 7,500 hhds., including nearly all grades, but mainly medium and better kinds ; a large por tion of it for export. Our cutters are still eagerly picking up all suitable parcels, and for choice cuttings are willing to pay full prices. Manufacturers of plug cannot operate to any extent without loss, until the stock of Virginia plug, now being thrown upon the market is ex-, hausted. Prices for all kinds of leaf were fully maintained throughout, and though some sales of lugs for export were made during the month at slightly easier rates, there were other sales of right leafy at slightly imptoved rates. advicefe from the West report an improvement in the crops-of tho early plantings particular ly—most of which is now housed, in fair con dilion. Os the late plantings much yet depends upon a few more days of favorable weather, such as they are now having. The receipts here in September arcs, 10,381 bhds. against 26,534 hhds. during tbe same month last year, and total receipts to date are, 63.201 hhds., of which 4,347 hhds. are Virginia, against 107,270 hhds. same date last year. Atlanta October 10. Common, 40 to 50 cents per pound ; medi um, 50 to 75 cents per pound : prime, $1 to $1 25. Richmond, October 5. Mean lugs $4 to $5, good do $6 to $9 and sl2 ; Bhort leaf sl2 to sls ; ordinary ship ping leaf S2O to $25 and S2B ; fine English shipping $25 to $35 and S3B, as to quality, fine manufacturing S3O to $45 for Bweet sun cured ; fancy bright wrappers SSO to $76 and as high as sloO—this for a superfine sample. New YorkPitoea of Southern Stock.,—Oct. 4, Missouri sixes 77£, Tenn essee sixes 85’ Ookhscation in Alabama.— James A. Smith Esq., the U. S. District Attorney for Alabama has Issued the annexed circular : All persons having obtained pardons from the President of the United States, and whose ■ property has been seized by the United States Marshal ot ‘the Middle District of Alabama, will have the same released by plea of pardon made by counsel, at the term of the Court. All persons whose property has been seized, as liable to confiscation, and who have applied for pardon and whose applications have been recommended by the Provisional Governor, but pardons not obtained may have their cases I continued, at the next term of tho District Court upon a proper showing of tho facts by counsel, for a reasonable time, in order to psr -1 mit such persons to receive their pardons,