Newspaper Page Text
SPEECH OF GENERAL TILSON.
ACTING AMIBTI*T COMMISSIONER UK THE BUETAC
OK REKCOKKS, I'll KIDMEN AND ABANDONED
LANDS, FOR THE BTZTK OF OIOMU.
Delivered at MUledgevilie an the 27ih of October,
1865. before the Members of the Georgia State
Conversion, in < smpluince irilh a Refibhdwn
pass'd by that body
(rtntlemen of the Convention :
The object of the Bureau ot Refugees, Freed
man and Abandoned Lands, seems to ha*ebeen
largely misapprehended and misunderstood. I
am glad to avail myself of the opportunity offer*
ed by yotiV courtesy, to explain to the repre
sentatives of the people, corning from all parts
of the State, the real objects and purposes o/the
Bureau. I have nothing to conceal, but desire
that the people throughout the State, white and
tilack, should understand and appreciate fully
and completely the real purposes of the Bureau,
the work it proposes to do, and the policy which
will guide it* actions. Unfortunately the Bu
reau, to no small extent, is regarded by the
white people as simply,.the champion ot the
freedmen, nght or Wrong. It is represented as
preferring and believing the statement of the
freedman rather than that of the. white ma.i— .
as intending to force the whites to accept the
blacks on terms ot social equality—and a# hav
ing been designed, and put in opera
tion for the expremf purpose ot annoying, hu
miliating, persecuting, and offensively inter
meddling with the affairs of the white people of
the South. On the hand, the freedmen
seem to be somewhat’, under the itnpreaaoxi,
that the Bureau is to furnish them food without
labor, and' to assist next Christmas or Now
Year in making a distribution among them of
the lands and Other property of their former
masters.
1 scarcely need tell you that one of these
opinions is no more absurd than the other, and
that such .are not the objects or purposes of the
Bureau.
It seems strange that the Bureau should
come {o be regarded and represented in this
offensive light, when we remember that the act
creating it authorizes the Secretary of War to
make “such issues of provisions, clothing, and
fuel, as he may deem needful for the immediate
and temporary shelter and supply of destitute
and suffering refugees and freedmen, and their
wives and children," and that the officers and*,
agents have already distributed food and cloth
ing to the value of hundreds of thousands of
dollars to the poor of the South, who would
otherwise, in many instaheoH, have perished of
starvation and cold. That it has furnished the
suffering refugees and freedmen transportation
to their homes, or to places where they can pro
vide for their own wants, and that at the head
of the Bureau is placed an officer not only of
great reputation and of marked ability, but even
more distinguished by the Christian traits which
adorn and ennoble his character—a man gov
erned and guided by the highest and noblest
motives, earnestly wishing and striving to bene
fit his countrymen, and to do simple justice to
all.
1 intend to speak frankly, with entire candor,
and with none but the kindest feelings towards
the people of the State. 1 am convinced that
when once they have clearly understood what
the Bureau proposes to do, they will approve of
its intentions, and I hope and expect, give their
cordial co-operation.
The first efforts of tho Bureau in this Slate
are and will be directed to aiding all refugees
and freedmen, who may need assistance, to ob*
tain homes in the country where fair wages and
kind treatment will be secured to them, ft is
not proposed to allow any of these persons to
remain in and about towns and cities, unless
they are well and profitably employed, or have
sufficient means to provide for their own wants.
I need not detain you by describing the manner
in which this result will be accomplished. 1
will only add llmtcilicuiil urn huiug taken.
which I am able to assure you iiom experience,
will produce the desired effect. The distribux
tion of these persons among the white people
of the Htate, and their absorption as laborers,
for which position and duties they are fitted, is
regarded as the only permanent, practicable,
and sufficient means of providing for their
wants. Where unavoidable, temporary hospi
tals will be established to provide tor the wants
of the aged, sick, decrcpid, and very young
children, until the Slate can put its machinery
in motion and provide for its own poor. Here
I may remark, that complaint is sometimes
made of that order of the Bureau, announcing
Ityrt the sick, old, decreptd, and young children,
»hall not be driven Irom their cabins or the
homes oft! oir former owners. Let me remind
you that y< ir State law very wisely requires the
owner to pu>viue for his old and helpless' slaves
during the balance of their lives. For aught I
know, the people may decide that this is still
right, and that the county or city shalbnot be
burthened by the support of persons who have
spent their life time in the service of an indi
vidual who has received the benefit thereof.
However this may be, the Bureau docs not
even propose to enforce the law of tho State on
the subject to its full extent —it only directs
that these people shall bo provided for by their
former tt.wners, until such time ns the State shall
make provision for their support. The Bureau
by no means directs that you shall be compelled
to support the freed people who gie able by
labor, to provide lor themselves and families, or
whom, for any reason, you do not desite to have
upon your plantation. It is also proposed, with
tho aid of benevolent societies, to establish
schools ; but it is not intended to confine them
to the use ot the freedmen alone. On the con
trary, schools will be provided tor the use of
white refugees and other poor white children,
who may desire to avail themselves, or who can
be prevailed upon to accept these opportunities
of obtaining an education. However wise or
necessary it may have been during the existence
of slavery to keep the colored people in ignor
ance, it can be so no longer. It is evidently ot
the first importance, and ot the highest interest,
to the people ot this State, that the freedmen
should tie educated, and the soofter the better.
Their dense ignorance, their entire inability to
understand or comprehend the meaning of
freedom, its rights and duties, is what makes it
so extremely difficult to influence and manage
them, and the sooner it is overcome and re
moved, the sooner it will be possible for them
to become honest, industrious, and useful mem
bers of the community. Upon their intelligence
will depend their real value as citizens. Officers
and agents will also strive earnestly and assidu
ously.to instruct the freedmen in the meaning
and extent of their rights, their responsibilities
und their duties. Unhappily, lajge numbers of
treedmen seem to imagine that freedom means
relief from all labor or care, or the right to live a
life of idleness and even of vice. .This must be
corrected. They must be made to understand
that with freedom comes the responsibilities and
duties of freedmen, aud that these they must
accept and perform —that labor is a necessity
that they can obtain and possess nothing without
it—that it is imposed upon them not by the white
man, but by their Creator, who has made it the
only means of providing for their necessities.
They must be made to understand that when they
have, or when the Bureau has placed within their
reach opportunity for earning their own sup
poit.smd that of their lamilies v hy thejr own labor
sud industry, they must accept it, unless' they
have the moans to support themselves and fami
lies without laboi; that they .are not to be per
mitted to live the life of vagrants, and become a
bnxthun upon, or tanuisance in the community;
that having entered into an agreement, they
will be required and compelled to comply in
good faith with the terms and conditions there
of. And here let me say, that lam fully aware
that this is a point of great interest to the people
of this State, ami that upon it depends the re
liability permanency of labor, without which
it will be impossible to engage in agricultural
pursuits. I knoitf_\'uu will tell'me that while
spine of the freedmen will labor faithfufly, are
honest, and useful citizens, a large
proportion of them will not work lor jhe induce
ments whietvitfadiijL secure labor,in other coun-
tWM:j tR> fact. I know it, 401 only
flfcenuse it is the universal statement ot the peo
ple , but from day own expe ’enceinthe BuregU,
gnd.-from~ conscientiously col-
Tycied by myself, f know, too,that
asVrace they a very large degree, the
vicestf apaopto'jostemerging from long years of
sfaverW that they are great liars and most skill-
ul thieves ; that they are breaking into and rob- 1
bing smokehouses throughout the country, and !
are stealing and killing animals loan extent that j
jeopardizes the future prosperity of the State.
These are disagreeable facts. I wish they were
other-rise, blit they are facts, anJ no amount of
persistent denial, or iagernons argument will
char, e them. I know that much may justly be
said ir extenuation of these faults and in praise
of qualities ; that it may be predicted
that with the advantages of freedom, they will
gradually become honest,industrious, arid valua
ble citizens. With my whole heart, I hope this
pleasant anticipation may be realized. I will
gladly do all in my power to produce this much
to be desired result. But w ith the past or ex
pectations of the future, I have little or nothing
to do. I must act with reference to the present,
and as the tacts now forced upon my attention
seem to itquire. And when 1 say that the
freedman, who receives a fair and just compen
sation for his labor, and is treated with justice
and kindness, will be compelled to comply with
his agreement and work faithfully, I mean what
1 say without mental reservation. I know that
this is the settled policy of the Bureau, and that
it accords with the wishes and intentions of the
Government. It is, of course, easily perceived
and understood that if the freedmen refuse to
labor for their own support, and were not com
pelled to do it, they would entail upon them
selves the most learful suffering, and bring a
gn at calamity upon the State and country. As
a guardian for these people, to which is etitrusted
| alt matters relating to their welfare, the Bureau
I would tail most lamentably in the performance
' of its duty should it permit them to indulge in
J such a suicidal course of conduct. I know be
forehand that the Bureau can neither issue or-
I deis mo pursue any possible policy that will
produce perfectly satisfactory results in all cases.
It must be borne in mind that these are seldom,
or never, reached in any country ; that there is
always more or less jarring and clashing of in
terests between the employer and employee ;
only reasonable success can be anticipated or
expected. The success that is attained will de
, pend, in a large degree, upon the good temper,
skill and tact displayed in the management of
laborers by the employer. How well the people
of this State wifi succeed in the undertaking I
do not know, and opinions on the subject (and
that is all that can be given, as nowhere, as yet,
has the system had a fair trial) are ot very little
value indeed. I can only promise, that so far as
i may be able to exercise any control in the
matter, nothing shall be left undone by the offi
cers of the Bnreau in this State, to secure per
manent, reliable and profitable labor. But
whether this aid can be extended by the officers
of the Bureau- depends almost wholly, if not
entirely, upon a few simple conditions which
the white people of the State can alone fulfill,
and which must precede any effort the Bureau
can make, or which it will permit any one else
to make, in forcing the freedmen to labor.
First. They.must have fair and reasonable
compensation. It is simple lolly to expect sat
isfactory and piotitable labor without this, as the
experience of mankind everywhere has demon
strated. Now, while 1 have not only met with
repealed instances avhere the former slave
owner was willing to be just, but even generous,
to the freedmen to a degree that excited nay ad
miration, still I am compelled to tell you that
anfong the many contracts which have been
presented to officers of the Bureau and Provost
Marshals for approval, not a few proposed to
give the freedmen very inadequate compensa
tion, and I regret to say that in some which
started in apparent fairness, there were found
conditions which would inevitably have brought
the freedmen in debt at the end of the year, let
him labor never so faithfully. Iby no means
suppose that the people of Georgia are remarka
ble for their disposition to drive sharp bargains,
but I think you will admit there is still reason
for the exercise of a just and reasonable super
vising care in this matter by the officers of the
Bureau, or some other disinterested party.
Second. They must be secure in their per
il ms. their homes and their families, in the en
joyment »1 iW fruits 01 ttieir labor, and must be
treated justly and fairly,
I am fully aware of the prejudices of the
people on this subject, and I neither propose to
ignore or disregard them, snd while I desire
above all things to speak kindly, still it is evi
dently for the interest of the people of the State,
that 1 speak freely and frankly. While you
very naturally and properly believe that front
association and experience, you are better judges
of the race than any man raised in the North,
you will readily perceive that the officers of this
Bureau are in a much better position to know
of the acts of cruelty, injustice and outrage
practiced upon the freedmen, than any citizen
who may or may not hear of such an act, when
committed in his own neighborhood. To the
officers they become known from all parts of the
State. In some places they are of daily, I
might almost say, ot hourly occurrence. I do
not speak at random and of mere rumors or
complaints, many of which are false or malicious,
but from the records and from well-attested
facts. I know that you, as representatives of
the Stale, would be shocked, mortified, and in
dignant at the hideous array. There are not
a few instances in this State, where freedom has
been a bitter mockery to these people, and where
they have been subjected to cruelty from which
they would have been protected as slaves. Now
I do not propose to be guilty of the short-sighted
stupidity and injustice of judging the whole
people of Georgia by men, mean, brutal and
cowardly enough to practice useless, unnecessat
ry cruelty on a race already poor, ignorant and
suffering. Such miscreants were never a part
of file real people of Georgia ; they are the
rewdies, blacklegs and scoundrels of the State,
who now take advantage of the disturbed and
unsettled condition of aflairs to indulge in their
naturally brutal propensities. I know that you
must despise and abhor such men and their acts.
And although now. while smarting under the
loss of slave property, and provoked by the bad
behavior of the lreedmen in many instances, the
people may be indisposed to exert themselves in
their behalf, yet 1 have no doubt but that public
opinion will soon re-establish itself, and give
powerful’aid in repressing such acts as 1 have
mentioned. This must precede any thing like a
healthful and prosperous condition of aflairs ;
ami for your own sakes, anil that of humanity. I
ask you to raise your voices and set your faces
against all such needless violence and cruelty.
I am exceedingly glad to be able to inform you
tnat there is a noticeable and gradual improve
ment of the.conditiou ol the treedmen, and a
decrease of crime against them that argues well
for the future. Years ago you would not asso
ciate with a master who was guilty of such acts
Towards his slaves. Make the crushing weight
qf public opinion felt now, and you strengthen
immensely the hands of officers who are charged
with protecting the freedmen from oppression
and cruelty. ’Phis is one of the important duties
of officers of the Bureau ;.they are to strive to
the utmost to avoid giving just cause of offence
to the white people, and will, in every case,
punish freed people who make false and mali
cious charges. But wherever there is reason
to believe that an act of cruelty has been per
petrated, they will use every means at their
disposal to arrest the guilty party, and if caught
and convicted, such persons will be certainly
and severely punished.
These people are free; it is a part of my duty
to assert and maintain their freedom and protect
them jn their just Yights ; and while I shall en
deavor to do this in perfect kindness, with the
most anxious desire to do simple justice to all,
white or black, with the help of Providence, I
will not fail iu doing my whole duty towards
them. The stern determination to do this to
the fullest extent, and under all circumstances,
is fortunately not incompatible with the most
"perfect good w ill towards all well-disposed citi
zens. In this 1 shall be simply obeying the
orders of the President of the United States, who
proclaimed “that these people are and hencefor
ward i*hall be tree —that the Executive authority
of- the United States, together with the naval
and military powers therepf, shall recognize and
maintain the freedom ot such persons.” I do
not propose to gvi beyond the record, but to con
fine myself strictly within it, to obey the erders
■ofhny superiors, and to cany into effect the kind
and conciliatory policy of the Government. It
is also necessary that the freedmen should feel
secure in the possession ol the rights which have
been guaranteed to them. Unless this can b e
done, they will be unsettled, suspicious, restless,
and unprofitable laborers. Unfortunately, men
are found in the State angrily proclaiming tha
once civil government is restored, and the army
removed, the negro w II be forced back to his
former condition,or something akin to it. Offi
cers traveling in the State,especially i.‘ without
uniform, very often hear such remarßs. The
freedmen also hear this, it spreads among them
with great rapidity, they become alarmed,
and to my knowledge this kind of talk ;n some :
localities has made labor even more unreliable j
than before. It maybe that there is among the j
people a latent expectation or hope of some such
action on the part of *he State, c so, are
certainly destined to be disappointed The ,
people who suppressed the rebellion, may differ j
on many other questions, but about the right, j
necessity or expediency of keeping sacred the j
solemn pledge made the freedmen, there is hap
pily no question, only a constantly growing and
deepening conviction that it ritust be maintained
at all hazards, at any cost. Few things in the j
future are so certain, as that no State wiil ever
be allowed to deprive these people ct the lights
secured to them by the success of our arms, and i
the vain indulgence of any such expectations
can only prove injurious to the best interests ot
the people and the State- Doubtless a policy
could be pursued which would drive the fieed
people beyond tbe borders ot the State, but such
a course would plainly be suicidal. V our must
have labor, or tho State is ruined. She becomes
so much waste laud, covered with decaying and
tenantless houses, and if the freedmen are driven
away, from what source is labor to comej
White laborers will not come here, for the sim
ple reason that other States oiler much greater
inducements to them. l’he West has soil ot
inexhaustible fertility, a more agreeable and
endurable climate for white laoorers. Settled,
established government, schools, churches, and a
people who respect and honor the working-man.
They are well aware of the value to the com
munity of an honest, industrious immigram,
and they take good care that the superior ad
vantage offered by their country shall be well
understood. I think a little reflection will con
vince the people that the tide, of immigration
cannot be turned South for many years to come.
The few and simple conditions, then, which
the Government asks the white people to com
ply with are these: To give the freedmen fair
and just compensation for their labor, security
'of life and limb, and in the enjoyment of the
fruits of their industry. Nothing more; not
the full rights of citizenship; not ali tho privi
leges freely conceded the laborers of the North.
Grant this in good faith, and you enable the
officers of the Bureau to extend their utmost
aid and assistance in securing to you permanent
and reliable labor, and in helping to restore
peace, order and prosperity.
The Government does not insist upon these
conditions simply because it can enforce its re
quirements, or for the purpose of annoying or
humiliating the people of the South, but because
with the destruction of slavery they become ne
cessary and indispensable. It has become re
sponsible for the protection of the freedmen, and
is pledged to maintain their rights, and [cannot
shrink from this duty; but the same military
force that it use* to protect them, it will freely
and promptly employ in compelling them to
perform their duties, if necessary, and I know
from my experience that it will he necessary.
Numerous instances have already come to my
knowledge, vuhere the freedmen not only refuse
to labor on the plantation, but refuse to leave it",
and are setting at defiance the rightful authority
of the owner, over his properly, and trampling
upon his rights. I can assure you that this
state of things will not be tolerated, and that
wherever such abuses are brought to the notice
of officers of the Bureau, who are within rea
sonable distance of the scene, force shall be
freely used to place the owner iu peaceful pos
session ol his property, and to punish the freed
men for this abuse of their rights. The white
people of this country are just as much entitled
to protection in their rights as the freedmen, and
it will be as readily accorded to them. The
Bureau is not the chanypion of either. It only
desires to secure jastice to all persons irrespec
tive of color or condition ; and to accomplish
this result it invites the aid of all well-disposed
As no appropriation was made to carry on me
operations ol the Bureau, hired citizen agents
•cannot be employed to but a very limited extent.
I do not deem it advisable to make use of them
at all in this State. It is difficult, in fact, im
possible to obtain a sufficient number of officers
from the army to organize the Bureau, so as to
distribute them threughout the State and bring
them near enough to the people to prevent loss
of time and vexatious delay in adjusting diffi
culties, enfoicing labor, and preserving the
peace. After reading your Statutes and reflect
ing somewhat carefully upon the subject, I
have decided to ask the State authorities to
instruct such of the Justices of the Peace for
the militia districts, and Ordinaries of the coun
ties, as I may select, to act to the extent of their
jurisdiction as the agents ot the Bureau. And
I tell you candidly, that should my request be
granted, I shall be guided solely in my selection
by the cosiderations of competency and fitness,
without the slightest reference to the political
opinionsor past political actions of these officers.
If so be they are honest, conscientious men, and
will do sim vie justice to all persons without
reference to color, then they will answer the
purposes of the Bureau admirably. If this
arrangement can be consummated, it will enable
the people to adjust all minor diffidences, and
maintain the police of the country through the
convenient channels to which they have been
accustomed, and will, I hope, remove much of
the irritation that now exists, and which so often
breaks out into open violence. ,
To act as agents of the Bureau, it will be
necessary for them to hear the testimony of the
freed people in cases where they are interested.
But this is a very different thing from saying
that they shall fully believe the testimony. They
are simply asked to hear it, and give it that
weight to which they conscientiously believe it
entitled; and if it really be conceded that these
people are free, then certainly tins is not an
unreasonable request; it is not asking that they
should be permiited to sit upon the jury, but
that your own magistrates should hear their
testimouy, and decide upon its value.
The officers and agents ol the Bureau in this
State vill be particularly instructed and re
quired to be patient, obliging and forbearing.
At the same time let me remind you, that
when day after day an otlicer has witnessed the
evidences of outrages practiced upon these peo
ple, when they have been coming, as they do
come, one after another, with their backs tor
to pieces with the lash, bruised, cut, shot, and
maltreated, and when it would almost seem as
though there was a universal disposition to per
secute them, his sorrow and disgust may turn to
anger ; and while in this mood, and boiling with
indignation, a gentleman, who abhors such
conduct towards the freedmen as thoroughly as
himself, may enter the office, and nor be treated
with the respect and consideration to which he
is justlyentitled. You certainly will be willing to
overlook such an accidental occurrence. Aou
will remember that there is no settled purpose ot
retaliation, but that there is a settled, well
established policy of conciliation. 1 know that
officers have been found naturally cheap and
contemptible enough, or so anxious to please the
white people whose flattery they accepted, as to
use their power in a tyrannical and oppressive
manner towards the colored people. The white
people may have used such men, hut they
certainly despised them. 1 assure you, that it
I have the mortification to find such an officer
in the Bureau in this State, he shall not only be
dismissed but disgraced, if I can possibly have it
done. We mean to serve the'people,«nd really
hope to benefit them, but not at the expense of
justice or manhood. There is no need ol mis
taking conciliation and kindness lor weakness,
imbecility or cowardice. Let us act with never
so much caution or care, we may he mistaken
and may do wrong, but it will not-be intentional,
and if shown, nothing shall be left undone to
put the matter rightor making restitution. The
whole subject is surrounded by difficulties and
even dangers, antßnothing will remove them, or
improve the condition of society but lime, pa
tience, kindness and forbearance wisely but
firmly applied. The wrongs and offences are
by no means wholly upon the one side or tho
other. But I say. frankly, that from my expe
rience, I anticipate much more difficulty will be
found in inducing the ignorant freed people to
become law-abiding, peaceful and industrious
citizens, than in compelling the white people to
refrain from cruelty and injustice towards them.
The latter understand their own interests, and
when once the present bad temper and irritation,
which is natural enough, and to be expected,
have passed away, I have no doubt that they
will be governed in tf.err intercourse with the
freed people as their best interest dictate, and
this will go lar towards removing the evils which
now afflict society. Yet I know there are a
c ass of persons who can only be restrained from
cruelty by sheer force—who are so ignorant and
brutal, that they even imagine there is positive
merit in hating, despising and trampling upon
an inferior race, and who openly make a boast
of their own shame. You cannot change the
intentions and opinions of these people, but
they can be made to shrink from the quick,
sharp, certain punishment of a military tribunal.
This is the only experience likely to benefit or
improve such persons.
The officers of the Buieau will be further
instructed, on no account to do or say any thing
which will increase the id feeling existing be
tween the races, but on the contrary to do every
thing in their power—to lose no opportunity of
removing the prejudice of the one, and the sus
picion of the other. This is the best and most
certain mode of ameliorating the condition of
the freedmen and securing prosperity to the
white man. There is no reason why a master
who was kind and humane to his slaves, as I
believe a large majority were, should not be
trusted by the freedman now ; no reason why an
honest, industrious, well-meanihg freedman,
and a just and honorable white man, however
widely apart their social conditions, should not
be real friends, interested in each other’s welfare,
and even ready to protect, maintain and defend
each other’s rights. The interests of the people
are not antagonistic ; it is lor the interest of the
white man to secure reliable, trustworthy labor—
it i» equally tor the interest of the freedman to
become an honest, industrious, and skillful
workman! For the present certainly, and so
far as human foresight can perceive for the fu
ture, the welfare of the two races is inextricably
bound up together; whatever hurts the one,
injures the other ; whatever benefits the one,
helps the other. Whoever stirs up strife and
ill leeling between the races, no matter upon
what pretext, is a public enemy, and should be
so regarded and so treated. Getting angry and
using violence can only make matters worse,
and an officer of the Bureau who is unable or
unwilling to accept facts as they really exist, and
who is bent on maintaining some particular
theory can only do mischief, and is unfit for his
place, however honest in his convictions.
The officers and agents of the Bureau in this
State will be constantly reminded that above ali
other things, they are to endeavor to do simple
justice, and todo even that as kindly, patiently
and pleasantly as possible under the circum
stances. The experiment of free labor is yet to
be fairly tried.' In some instances it has suc
ceeded admirably, in many others it has been a
failure. Scarcely anything else, under the
eircumstahces, could have been
expected. Tiere is no material object that can
engage the people of this State, of such vast
importance to them, as the success ot this sys
tem. It is to be hoped that the people, for their
own sakes, wiil not allow any passion or preju
dice, however honestly they may entertain it,
to interiere with, or prevent success.
’ I have explained frankly the real objects and
functions of the Bureau. I cannot help feeling
they . will meet with your approbation and
Approval. There is nothing in the act of Con
gress creating it, nothing in the policy of the
Bureau, or in tho attitude of the Government,
hostile or menacing to the people ot the South.
You know how great the suspicion of the freed
men, how thoroughly they distrust their former
masters, and how readily they believe and con
fide in the statements and representations of
officers of the Bureau, whom they justly regard
as their friends. -You can readily understand,
that it is in our power to be of great service to
the people, and I can assure you it is our anxious
desiie to render it. You have only to accept in
good fhith the few simple, and certainly not hard
or unreasonable, conditions imposed by the
Government, by allowing the freedmen fair
compensation for labor, and just treatment, arid
I promise you our heartiest, most constant and
mi*t eaujett in inducing and com
pelling the lreed mon *0 JuL- aul # ,—J
restoring the Buie to it» farmer peace and pros-
P crit y- M
MEWS SUMMARY.
Louisville claims to be the leading tobacco
market in tho world. Daily auction sales are
held in four extensive warehouses. The four
warehouses, during the last year, received and
disbursed $11,961,909 67, the proceeds of the
63,000 hogsheads sold.
the great CinciuDatti Bridge about to be
suspended across the Ohio River, will be the
longest in the world, being over 2 000 feet
longer than that over the Niagara River, and
540 feet longer than the Menai Bridge in Eng
land. Its total span will be 1,057 leet. The
massive stone piers tower 110 feet above the
floor of the bridge, aud 200 feet above their
foundations. One year is the period allowed
for building it.
In ucuWingthe announcement of the visit
of the Boston Eccampment of Knights Tem
plar to that city having been postponed for
the present, the Richmond Republic says.:
“ Whenever it comes off, the Sir Kufohts of
Boston miy be assured of a welcome from
their biellreu of Richmond, which, if not ac
companied by so much splendor as that ex
tended on a former occasion, will be none the
less heart; and congenial.”
The Menphis Appeal has been revived aud
is printed on the same press that accompa
nied that establishment throughout its pere -
grination? in Tennessee, Mississippi, Georgia
and Alalnma.
A lette- from Virginia City, Montana Terri
tory, sayi over one hundred miles of placer
diggings, much of it exceedingly rich, have
bem discovered, and new aud thriving towns
inging up in the auriferous region.
The wheat crop in Minnesota this year
sui passes not only all precedent, but all cal
culation, and is far better tbau iu any other
State ol the West. The corn crop
everywhere West, is magnificent beyond all
fotmer years.
Eastern papers report that six inches of
snow fell at Ashland, Aroostook county, Mo.,
<n. Monday ot last week, aud that tho snow in
the woods thirty miles about, is fifteen inches
deep, goading aud breaking down the trees.
A Bostonian has contracted for the building
of the bridge on the James River, at Rich
mond, at 130.000, and is to have it completed
by the Ist ot January.
Oberhaus’flouring mill St. Louis, was burned
November 11. Loss $43,000. Partly insured.
On November 10, thirteen thousand and
eighty bales of cotton passed Cafro for New
Albany and Cincinnati, and one hundred and
forty-tour tor St. Louis.
Holden has been defeated l>y Worth tn
North Carolina by froms,ooo to 10,000 majori
ty-
Maximilian has spies in New York to watch
the sympathisers, of the Mexican Republic.
The President is being pressed to have Mr.
Davis tried in Washington.
Witnetsee in defence o! Com. Craven testify
that the Southern ram Stonewall was too for
midable for him to attack with his vessel.
Cos! Ali Bowman, of the United States
Corps of Engineers, recently died at his resi
dence. ie Wilkesbarre, Pa.
KOUKIUX ITEMS.
The most extensive brewery in the world is,
at Dublin. lieiand. It employs 300 men.
thorough whose hands 500,000 gallons of water
eitber~in its crude form or manufactured state,
pass daily. Thirty tuns of coal and 1.500 cwt.
of grain are consumed per day.. It turns out
about 15,000 bogheads of beer per day. Each
workman is allowed a quart per day, and they
consume sixty-five gallons daily. Lh e brew
ery vhi started iu 1780, and, has amassed
piincely fortunes tor its owners.
The colonial population of Great Britain
amounts to 150,000.00 e, inhabiting the'four
great continents of the globe, aud betides this
Hx: has rising colonies in Australia.
The Bhah of Persia has sent a special agent
j to Earopj for»the purpose of studying the pres
! eut system of naval construction in France,
i England and Holland.
i* ihe discoverer of nicotine, Chevalier Gae
paieCerioli, died recently at Cremona.
The celebrated mechanical duck of Vaucan
sen is now being exhibited in the Ru de Paris,
at Harve, in a small museum which takes its
name from that illustrious raechaniciaff. The
bird, standing on a sort of box, shakes its
wiDgs. eates, drinks and imitates nature so
aceurately that the other day a dog flew at it,
without, however, doing any mischief.
BY TELEGRAPH
DislMllHriS 10 TBE ASSOCIATED PttESsT
It is intimated in the National Intelligencer
ofNuvembti 8, that President Jehuson will,
before the me.-timr of Congress, isaie a procla
mat-on recognizing the reconstructed States ns
again in practical relations with the National
Government, and that it will com.eqne.ntly he
the durvof Mr. Clerk McPherson to nlace the
names <*f the Representatives from t .eee States
on his initial roll.
A dispatch from Wathingtou 6ays President
Johnson viewed the intelligence of the Union
-victory in New Y'ork as though he expected it,
but when ho was assured that New Jersey was
again in the Uniou, he clapped his hands ex
ciaimiug “Good ! good!"
It is said that the mail steamer which sailed
from Nmv York, November 8, earned impor
tant dispatches to Minister Adams from Sec
retary Seward, with full instructions relative
to tbe prosecution of the claims for compen
cation for the injuries inflicted upou our com
merce by the Anglo privateers The publica
tion of \h;so dispatches, will it is said, create a
sentatu u in Great Britain, and will astouisb
the cautions diplomatists of Europe.
'ihe total amftunt of prize money paid out by
the Fourth Auditor’s office since it was charged
with that duty in 1863, amounts to $9,170,738-
78.
A huge ’.eduction of the clerical force in
Quatermaster and Commissary Departments at
Washington ,wi'l soon take place
'lhe Union majorhy in Wisconsin is from
five to seven (h.)U-aud. 11 ith branches of the
L*-gislalii!e are strongly Republican. Colored
suffrage is probably defeated by ten thousand
majority
ihe Fenians Lave hnu a great gathering i$
Baltimore.
Maude’s water line establishment at Flor
ence, Mass., was burned Nov mbsi 7-
The Republicans have carried the day in
Kansas.
Gov. Curtiu of Pa., is l.viug dangerously
in New York.
A Washington dispatch says tbe President
will issue a proclamation declaring the resto
ration ot peace before the meeting of Con
gress.
In nearly every county in Maryland Union
candidates h ive been elected.
Vessels arriving at New York report severe
gales along the Southern coast.
Gen. Bnt.ler intends to make Washington
his luture residence.
The ultra Southern ticket has been elected
throughout Central aud Southern Alabama.
Ihe latest advices in regard to the negro in
surrection in Jamaica, say that the energetic
action ot the authorities has produced a bene
ficial effect, and it is hoped that the distur-
have been finally suppressed.
Two and six Government mu’es were
capture! November 8, by guerrillas, between
Jackson, Miss., and Raymond The soldiers
were probably shot. W. B Wilkinson of Lau
derdale county, was murdered by his foimer
slave a few days ago. Gen W. B Wade was
also killed. The Federal soldiers and negroes
of Vicksburg have held meetings and resolved
to defend their rights.
Arkansas is stated to be in a very quiet
and orderly position Civil law has been es
tablished in every county iu th« State. The
blacks are doing as well as could be expected
under the circumstances, having mostly hired
out for a year. The people of Arkansas are
generally fat orably disposed to Northern emi
gration aud everything that will tend to de
velop tho State.
.Gov. Paisons, of Ala., Major Gen. Swayne,
of the Eteedman's Bnreau in that State, and
Henry Ward Beecher are delivering speeches
together in New England.
In some sections of Mississippi there has
bee 1 collisions between the civil authorities
and the negroes. Such sections have been
placed under strict military surveilance.
Gov Humphreys, of Miss , has issued a
proclamation urging the immediate organiza
tion of volunteer militia companies, and af
fairs have assumed such a threatening attitude
the President has deemed it prudent to request
I*.-.,islonal Governor Sharkey to continue to
discharge the functions of his office until fur-
Gov. Humphreys was inaugurated, Sharkey
retired.
The White House is again being crowded
with pardon seekers.
The estimate of the war debt for tho next
fiscal year have not been transmitted to the
Secretary of the Treasury, and they will hot
be ready for several days. The Navy esti
mates are ready and have been laid on the
Secretary’s table. The estimates of the actual
expenses of the Government will be considera
bly over one hundred millions.
The rumor that Senor Romeo, the Mexican
Minister had demanded his passport is de
nied.
All vessels arriviug at Portland, Me., from
ports infected with cholera, or having cases of
cholera on board, will be detained iu quaran
tine until cleared by the physical).
A Washington dispatch to the N. Y. Times
says all the reports about the Cabinet discus
sions over the correspondence between Lord
Russell and Mr. Adams are absurd, and that
the correspondence waß in the hands of the
Government several weeks before it was pub
lished ; and that, Mr. Seward had written a re
ply to Erri Russel I’a last dispatch at least six
weeks ago. It is gc nerally understood that he
had informed the English Government that wo
shall not; press the suggestion for arbitration,
nor shall wo consent to submit any question
to the decision of a Commission, unless all
claims at issue between the two governments
are submitted also. It is probable that Mr.
Seward’s dispatch was mainly a request to
know what topics were intended to come be
fore the Commission suggested by Lord Rus
sell as a necessary preliminary to an accep
tance or declination of it.
... Wm, Johnson, only brother of the President,
died at Galveston, Texas, a few days since
from wounds received by the accidental dis
charge of a gun
Borne thirty, mgries made an attack on a
railroad train at Patterson. N. ¥., on tin night
of November 8. but were driven off by the
soldiers on the traiu.
The body of Wirz was ’ buried near the re
mains es tho conspirators, in Washington.
A Salt Like letter to the Tribune, says,
Brigham Young and other leaders of the Mor
mons have changed their tactics, and now pro -
claim polygamy their religion, which they will
defend by force of arms. They are hostile to
the Government, and are drilling, procuring
arms, etc., and openly deDy Federal authority.
Ashley, a conservative, has been elected to
Congress from Nevada
A Raleigh dispatch of November 11, syvs
that Worth is certainly elected over Holden
for Governor of North Carolina.
Active mtasures aie being adopted in New-
York to prevent the spread of the cholera.
It is stated by French papers in New York,
that the French troops will soon leave Mexico
jjgA circular bas recently been issued by Col.
O Brown, assistant Commissioner of Freed
men’s Bnreau in Virginia, calling the atten
tion of agents of the Bureau to those negli
gent of their duty in not enforcing upon
freedmen in their districts the necessity of
entering into and fulfilling contrasts for labor
with planters and otheis who have employ
ment for them. He then added, when employ
ment is offered on terms that will provide for
the comfortable subsistence of tbs laborers
and k .ep thun from dependence and charity,
they should be treated as common vagrants
if they don't accept it, aud the rules of the
bureau must be . igidly enforced.
The City Bank, of Trenton, N. Y., Las sus-
pended payment, but its notes are teceived
at the Merchants National Bank.
The cholera has appeared among the sailors
on ships in ftp harbor ot Calcutta.
The loss by the burning of Bancrofts mills,
Midway, Pa , was about $200,000.
Advices from Bayti state that Jetfard bas
purchased' some war veesels in New York for
the.purpose of attacking Cape Haytien, the
stronghold of the revolutionist.
A rencounter tookpiace November 10, near
the City Hotel at Alexandria, Va., between
Dr Maddox, of Fauquir county, and Major
Dixon. Postmaster in the United States army.
Major D. received a ball m tho side, which
penetrated the bowels. His speedy death ie
pronounced certain. Dr. Mr. hai surrendered
himself to the civil authorities.
George W. Gordon,* f Kingston, the princi
pal mover of the insurrection and leader of a
band of buigiaia in Jamacia, has been caught,
ana ie being tiied by a cosrt martial, .Several
other leaders hnv m r <- she trouble*
are neai ly over.
from i nr HI V • \
War hes h e , ,ii i<: . /
Spain. The p« t . - ~ . , . U n
rupture is unprec an . u b . * -
greatly prostrate*:
. Disaffection wa
tiouists in I'eru j
countries cotnbiu- L* ■ : her t : - si L 7
The murder ct i , A- t. a .xi a.-u l
not strength-mill :
THE PREsIDEN' AN -DLIN IM'l-uF
” \ L ,')N r ,
On October 8, n o> v.'•;•>-> : the For
Indians visited l I’. ,,■ i u= / 1
with Judge Code; r. , j an
Affairs, and Snpei » . j ;
were severally in .doce.' »b«* Prcriictu
when one cl the »< .. <p, .'
heard of their Gre pi.. ; i v r y muri*
desired to see h: i : - r.-jdit-Y
that he was glad f receive tl,•■]£&,
H«s object would 1 situate peace ife,
friendship, ana 1 ( ;he «i .voiumeii*-
would bo met in , ■ odu.g spirt on
their part. If the ii .b relations which
should exist betw.c. .'ov. mn a ■■
those here represser to <f : b.. .• diva
they would be mac • •. -■ Hi ■ inteivct
of all concerned, jo pxlM U
nee that their in*er •• ■ pr-- rnoteu .-no .ecu
selves secured ami | I
of all their rights.
Provision would '» . ede for t'vu • ,
here and they won ' ■«> •. n : .li
ner suitable and fit urn '• their c- * cion, and
he hoped that whi . they est keie moy would
take with them the -a
the President towai . ;• ur c I Cocimri-. doner
Cooley explained to » '. *• .on 'oat th-
Sacs and Foxes vvoie in K uisai and by' •
the treaty of 184" !■ y v e ■ t.-.
amnesty of $51,00 ■: •• • t- r, m
the majority aud 1 -■ , -v- Vu,-.- .•" ne
confederated tribes- * ind hem r*pr<i
sensed complaiu tbai «; , y ! ‘ 4 h«:r
rights. Many of th-nu •.„> ••••.. '. i ihei
homes in lowa, win** ,i ■ t,;:w < n. and
thither from Kans .-. n \ that
there be a division ■" • ; •>. I
‘ho President said v rid - rim,
andaiterhearing.il -
pared to do what: i ,r • »r
rangements would ! * .• ,v: .. . *. . r. -ve
satisfactory to tnem
THE PRESIDENT ANT; in TKLH".
It is known that u 1
pressed the great , v f- S<>mg ' "T> ;
legal issue the qiiea v. .... i
crime, and whether c.
The following from »■ ■>' ■ n c0n.,1 J
Republican is leliev •. » nw . *y or j
rect: Tho Preside”, h ;..ir p. ted<
his constitutional au jm . •«C: ;. :h : j
proper law officers oi ' ,ie : >i m
subject, but he las a.U Tv . i .'is
some of the most ti rin • natit
criminal lawyers iu ih ric: Awonp t o
may be darned Justice Gl t win. cau.e betel
from Ohio, some tim : . - ■
special invitation of oh I’ t\• at to viri
on the general subjei - .... ! or least.,:
Subsequently, aboi i ti -., :f October last, 1
President Johnson add..... i L :
Justice Chase, inform h-. i ,lu>t .. u.gbt be :
come necessary for ti e (royarpmenf
cute some, high crime n>i-l in:s-i«i'.:ea: ->ts, cm,:
mitted against the L uei - . . 'ri-io
District of Virginia, ( -.ie; Ju-f'-v - - * v n
cuit, and inquiring a >otb • o-;i o-s
United States, for lha Di.-triot is so f-u < . >'z
ed aud in a condition t..» exercise >’ •*••
that the Chief Justice, or . tutor ..f ”.* ■' >-
dates of the Suprem ? Court, would i-a
term of the Circuit C -ot dutu .t- •-n.ipv
ance or early in the winter.for
About the.midflic o ■>. ober, C’. -t,;
Chase replied to tiro P siibcii He .*itit -Ay I
stated that his Gircuft ('< u.-r tie* obi rut
of Virginia, either to I ; rt ;-.lcii er hir. -
sell or one of his as sc ■ v/c-t n ' --*U
a term during tho a . c uiy •' the
winter. He stated ' reguhn 1 im,
authorized by Congrcs ’ u'd .-eminence this
year on the 27th pf iho p;,.,cot
month -only one weel b-dc 1. - :
of the Supreme Court, tui ;. ?»M tV 1 '-'.yc u,
required 10 be present, ill tit on- -,-k
iUJT bUO OUbuH Court
opinion of the Chief Jui . be too ,-uort
a term To' - the transact!’ » 01 -.ay very impor
tant business.
But, the Chief Justice a ids tim? were the
facts otherwise he mucii do; bis s' propriety
of holding Circuit Courts of the Ur/ie ? Kerb.,
in the States which bav * been declared by iho
executive and legislative depart tin at a ol the
national Government to be in rebel Ii n, aud
therefore subjected to nautili law to*
complete restoration of their broken ral bo
with the nation, and an parsed tire of th. rfliitu
ryby the civil administration, that. b< -.v-.m/uI
be unwilling to bold sin h courts tn such St.it
within his circuit, which includes Virginia,
until Congress shall have had ati opportunity
to consider aud act 011 t.l >. w hole sub;- et. Tin-
Chief Justice expressed to the President that
the special court, in the district under mar ini
law, cm only act by the sane.ion »--<l under
the supervision of (he military pov. r >*ik7 In
positively asserts that he conld no; unk tra
it becomes justices of supreme courts to . x< r
cise jurisdiction under s .ch conditions.
SHERIFF SALES.
LINCOLN SHERU-n* SALK
WILL be .old 1-efore Cie (Joi.il K do--- i-i Lti.Cilf
ton, 1 1 1- coin countv. Ot-orjp . i-- 1 -n- -
hours of site. oi tlic Urn, Xiu-sduv ~ 1 xt ♦
hundred and’hirty-eigbt and < ne3>;; ;snu tying
in said county, levied 1 n us he nroperlv r * i> ! ■ Cart
ledge, tosatistv following fi -as: ... t. Parks ,-i J Cart,
hdge and J. M. Cartltdge securi- -. XsU- vC.. » ■* J. .1.
Cut'edge and J. M (Jisiledg.-, E- e? A Clark, vs J
ledge, Walton Cart ledge and .1 it . tleitge a.-ci-r C -arg«
Sistrulik, vs. Jainca J. (an ledge. J M arti. (V * ?•- unry.
And K. Hendi-non JCodciev, a • twuoii fror. the Inferior
Court, ot sadeouuty; Estes* C -rfe. t. oartledg- ad
Jesse M. Cartleoge, W. TEL Tyler for tile IBS 5 Ac, vs. J. J.
Cart ledge and J. M. Oartledge set ait r, Ismku' t: - e
rioe Court r f said county
Also, at the eame time and plac- will !--e “ ■ *• k* tiered
ana sixteen (116 J acres of land lyl gin
afi fa bming tn « the In erior coin" . ‘ m. . - y.
Blanchard vs Wm. II Caitledge L- v * - iwM'jur?
of said Wm. H. Cartledge,
Also, at the eame time and place -
more or less in said county Levi i -iss ; r.roperty oC W.
H. Tyler, to ra'.itfv ali fa issuing : ,r: -. I ' lit
said county, D. C. Moore, admin s-atorW IJ. p ■ ■ v
W . M. Paradise, security and oth-r fl f- ii
Also, at the same fm- and pi- two bund red
(250) acres in said county, I.e- on as toe _>ropi-Ti~
alary Cox and John Cox t" sail >• ati g fr :r.
Interior Court of said county, z-rn Moil -t v. - iry -
ard JchnCcxx.
Also, at the same time and place w> imudra*! a»a ■
eight (288) acres in said county, L
Bas'l Meflcid to satisfy afi fa in tan raschel
vs. sild Basil McCord, issued so Ute **-•;>-? •r *
Said county. Ail the foregoing j r:. etv. i.ted out by the
attorneys for the several plaintiffs.
Also, at the same time snd place,' - -. ■. i ;■, iui *, i
grey h.-rse, 1 mule and-2 colts. Le- s-sthe p-.Cger c.
Wm. Ashmoie, to satisfy a Ufa:- favor off i>.
said Wm. Ashmore, i-tuc-d irom be Court ot ■' <
county, property pointed iut by jb; n ,
Lt. O- v'jEa'i A r
,nov 6w4 Shfetiff L(X |
TAL.IAFJERKO SH I H'
WILL her old on the first Tues. ' ' . '
lor - the Court House do rin I ■ • ' ? ’ ,
Taliaferro county, within the lcftal
property o-wit ; one otofl iiu in
bf craws irnvilie, lying near the ... * ' 1 ",
and adjoining lands of B. E. jroore sail ■ * 4
forty-five acres, mire or less, abo * ',
townof (IrawLrdvlile, comamlrg s > . .
less, on which iht-ie is < omfoitable ■ ■ ,
shop and other ii-ctssary building*. .Vi
I ewis Tripe now resides, all lev it . , . ; r r , n
Trope to satisfy a fifa Issued from 1 • •«. : . ’' £
lavor of Charles A. Beasley, vs. Le r k n e
edout by the Plaintiff A £*p,
nov3 nw4G - J
TAUAFEivKO SiTh r SA E
WILL he sold on the first Tn .-.J ■ Dseeu.p r next,
before ihe (lourt House dt- • , 7 :, . T !
tordsvllu. within the 1- gal hours ol -a ■ ■ '« -t J
erfv. to-wit; Two hundred (300) act \ „ .f; I
in Talraferri? ronnty. adjoining laud ‘ ‘ ? »
otLe s, levied us the 1 r .perly of l •
ingthe land said Howell now resides • • •
mm Taliaferro Superior Court, n * ' *•
drews vs. Abram K Howell. Brope
oct24 6w 44
LINCOLN SHEHIEF S.-5 L*'. !
WILL he to! 'ou 'he FIH-T
nexr, at.). ' ort House do-. o L
between (helawful h-iuriof etie, a •
?eu®sia?. ?.x'er%ch-.’ uei tv, an* ' •' ' *
on a= tire property c Will am *JP ’ , ,; <■ , , n j
satiyyairfafrcmLm:onbup--io - :n *
HBfcbali, Sen., vs. A. P ChandU-r •
Property poinled out by Plaintiff .-
oct2o 6w43’ ' * ' _ _
LiSCOLN - SHErTfS i.E
W%!s?s. , aa.nsx.-. -
th-» lawful liours of tale, the fu ? «'y *
Fifly-fl e acres ot Land, ;m«re W .ew.
W ‘.V« AJI leading from Lincolntrm to i«- i.in, 1 *» ..
t°he lender Johnston, Kl.|ah Ufr f * ii. »zr.
MCr Wford levied on ai tne property < I Up t aikner, i
hoar Lincoln Inferior Court -Ivor Ot wio«»a
vs. IPhilip Faltn’r, and'-the-fit**: ri or.
Pr rperty pointid out by PlainUrsattircey L , NOHAM
CCt26 6w44 ’ v T ' g ‘ ‘
_ $25 A »Aj.
A LE3STH wanted to sell anew and wc do tor S *-W INO
A MACHINE, the' only cheap one fwLe , s
* CLAKK., biddeford Maine. t«0 / Sw*i
CITAT ONS
flu . mss of iBMikiWBA'n 0 !*-
> ‘j; 1 - *!■
’*•'in ciedilo£ ami
l-tm in sbould I’ol to maim
ud “ud e offlci'al aißuatare tUUKW. day ol
O B (r y,TU u. Ordinalv.
' atN E COUNTY,
i appllcJ f r letters of Ad
* v . j. ' a -.’he on tlie ea
'■ . - ->r dec* as and. .
-.VeV. re v(j
•V *: ;, r . rs- "Unot O dUno-m be beld in and for said
"I
'o/ltarv Isis Knicu and John Burcb, orphans
ii” 7 3 F* U all and MUKUIar f
£s|. *O. r a^aarsaasaKatt
I 'thj.n i fOctober, 18*5 ort i in a,c,
. iKOIa.OIOHMOND rOUMTY.
v Evans aiiolies to me lor Letters of Ad-
T ,ta e of Thom»B B. Kvans. late of said
V n to ci'e andadmoLish, aU and uugulir,
. 1 •••.“•' i, oreof sad dec • Sid, to be and appear ai
! Ibe first Monday in Uecember next, to
• -o'* eat’ .»• e> have, why s.ld letter ehoaldnot he
ilanJ offl.ld blruttture. at office ii Au
r:,.; u., s s>. '. October. iB6N Ordinaty.
uovl I*. . N
UIA. KIOHMONI* COUNT*.
Aiini !■■*.': ri. e estate of Josi’li Ful'er, late of said
U .V,',! , .cite and aduimish, a’l aud siaitnlar,
t * ~. rs ot’ Btkiil dtcjssffJ, to iiTi'l tippetir
LVv ’ e the fl-»t Monday iu Djcunher next,
. , ~w . . . tey Have, why a id letierfl sooala not
I and offlcivl ti«niture, atcffl.e in Au-
I k iJ-V* L KOA'l'll, Ordinary.
-UK. V. KL'JHMON L> COONTY
-1 v V * " ;cd applies to me tor liters of ud
j i«rv : m i cf*Cnirlcß Beird, Ute ol said oounty
; '-V l ' i e anu Htlmonisli, all aud sin^ulaF^P
I . Wr . » )f sail and ceased, to be anil app ar at W
' , « v ri'tf < i ! first Monday iu Dec raber next,
} nh' vm'w. <. .tnv uave vliy said Jettera should uot be Krau\.
; j h ,_ , u „ „ i and offlcitl slitnature a*, offles In
I AU * U o it U<> ' >C ob ?>:.'vn» L. ROATH. Orel’*
i . • >if ~.. UOLUMUI- OOUcTY.
J. es ate or William Oray is nnreprewnted
; i earn! admonish all and riuKiilar the
ri.ii*.,' and deceased, to e and appear a’ my
v.tf: tin. m rlbed by law, to show cause, If anv
, „ y, nrs o. administration should not he
j>ruiite . * iv-lor Court of Bald coilnty, or some
ail ffleial ?lKtia*.«re at office, in Ap
■ .piir ihi- ... *. .. . uur, 1365.
> ti‘“‘vri W W SHIELOS, ordinary,
gjjTAI . KIIUMDNO.COUN'JY.
Vi . i. . ■ us applies to me for letters cfad
niuii Ar;*'' r v- f Cornelius B urett, la’ccfsatd
Caahly, fi-
T.-se uTe,Hi. f0r,.,t0 .tv and admonish, all anil singular
lid deceased, to be and appear at
• v oflj e or. or 1 a fore the first Monday in December next,
* ( sJmV, (»i0.,. i a > ney why said Letters should not
l e ,\fluted.
(_j , under my bund and official signature, at c fflee In
a i r.i;.. v? r ' 5 day • ‘ IvuV-mbfr. 1866.
.4*4* DAVID L KOATH; Ordinary.
fj’l ViL ui riKt/RUI A. UJU.MOND OOUNTY.
IVhe-eat, Wiiii.v.. '■! I'homas aoplles tome lor letters
io' gv-aiiivslilpf*r• hi ' Thomas minor of Taomas W.
! , c ; c*
I These ate Ul fir . nd admonish all, ami singular
Jtekmdi'd i>. •;iit .it* saldiminor, to he and appear at
offi or tenor..* 1’ 1 Monday m December next, to
.-.V. v .a, If ai y th. ■*’' ave, why said letters should not he
1 gn : 'ed.
I t, . no irylm andnfll rial signature, at office in Au-
I day sf .Novtn r, ISCZ..
VIP L. KOATH.Ordinary,
, ; A lAL'. KJB ) COUNTY.
Ii appjies io me lor letterb if
I a ;. 1 "in ,cn s r.ou ' l the will aunexed. upon the
! ~.r, . . \rr.rv i :vks . of said county, deceased:
, io te and admonish ihe kin
~8 . r-fid :ceased, to be and appear
>r 1 * -I. ntbeir-o pn cribed by law,to sbowcause,
' ■ ' , ; . rs should notbe granted.
are, at office iu I rawtordvt lie 4
1 J. D. HAMMACK,
.o-.J v't3 ’ Ordinary.
A i » ‘PJ'A.TA - ' E't • COUNTY.
AJtf W r a ait UU i applies to me for letters ol
. mud j >;. .ir : Aiau Ell ligton, .at: of raid
ct -n'y icocaso
(ho -t - md admonish the kindred
ora to be and appear at my
„ * hldri . ‘ by low, to show cause, If an y
.1.. h e, wliy.L- ;i id not be granted.
li , ndt ri ice l Crawtori.vide, this Ist day
of Nov. 1C J. D. HAItMACK,
lOv’S-'-
~ ’ "AT ICN 8
r *1 I? L> TIRKJ* O!
V. fc-reJis. ..Liubas) - Net,' gust ■' -f lien Maher.
-- >< ‘■itnt i, vriiie» uie rf.jH.-aot
.DfeTV.Won
'l'heae are t herefore, to cite an monish all, and ugu'i
p'i kindred and r rien.:.i 1 o-d nor, '■ ie od appear at
my office, on or before the mst ay in December nest ,o
sim * cause, if any they In-ve w • ;-' Lett should not on
granted. ■
0 ye.' under my haudeoc otti-Ji.: ■ tare, ai m i , in A
gust a, l ets 3d 4ay of On - v i'“ >
R « VIOL tvOATH,
r-«-i ‘it 'am4l _ _____ '’ rcl,narv
' t'/’Fi - ( if’qboeafiT ..7 i- 'l> ooun ;, Y.
* i-ti-.r-s, Joseph K "Buieh. t-ui iitratm o. at ttHtat*
o. Vlsliau g Greui. lew , and, app'lt to me stir Cf-Ue- -d
The Uteivfete.to cWt and admonish ad, . od airigulgi
the 1 and urcditori of said decent*., and, to be r idapn.ai,?
my ~-V jfor-tt-e 5o- M>mda? n March ext, to show
cm! ha*, t, wty sold Letxera ahouid not he gmu
< -- tt.cii.l signature, at ■ rti-.,- ir - -
' i~. ~ LriATU Ordliiq;,.
4 MON I)' (XT NT X ,
. i<u Idt'-Ato r ?n th€ EiU
oT -iu ftCHUi&u » mt for Letters jf l> ■*>
mliMbu i <
tULruibit. W c!t f ...C wlir *oJsh, »)1 and 4) »
Uit iad > rs &e*.e u 'AAO Ie ami upu .
my office - l n - .r«t Mondgsy i f
: how«. ausv, if bs y they have, why oa;i‘ .. BhoHlc'
ranted
Givci it. my hand sad oliicial itriVe offl; v '
gU; ia, this' lay of AorJi, i c" -
TWO MO’S I’Hh
%. OTIOK.
Two rpor-as after date ap-.'Ucat.* , - «, *he
Court of Ordlnar. ol Kicnmonu count, f/y- > ».u
real estat-bei'-nglng to the estate of w i r
lateoisatkcouu.y dtcsaiwd 41 . riN>Tur-,
ot .JiSw-45 ratmth Mgatot.
ItjjOTL.*-: ""
'1 w„ ci mti-s utter date avplici’ien wj br made to tn
i Court of Ordinary of Hiciuaonid couniy or It': r eto sell the
i real i--t.aie ' "ugir-g to the ‘ of Mar? 6 Walksr, iateot
I raid canty, and;. eased WA .TEH E - !'J N.vi uN,
; OCi27 5.W45 "AlulbtrM' 'r
| rwo rntmths a'let dam, to v*it. at ... 'emher term,
i£i 5, o-the Court of Ordinary of tne ■ un’v ■■ Mate,
of Ot > gia. Application w.h be n vie to . rid? , ;t for .ar.vc
to s 11 ail the reat es: >fe, con. aiug wc - ; and sixty
acres*-, land o.ore or 1,-s-i i-W) ' itouglne fFV'- esta-e of
Qwin AUUoif and ceased. -. ‘<4l*,
s. riid iwt! y wt_i)Cn Or •
jrV'CoROiT ELliEK'i ID, N '
tl ai th** first term ot he Onjrr if Ordinary n- aid couu
ty. iir'-r tw oonthi Irom tills date, I shall up : y . i eyhl
i Com- im-e.. to sill tin. Luti. bviougtag tc ’Leestat. or
! Bonn - *i. Co’.-ard, la'e -. fse'd count- decease.
| JOHN U. oisADUT'.SH. fcU’r.
' sepi AHB,
| varortCE,
Jiltty rt iya-vtter »U a;
‘rtuomtof Ordinary of'! aliufenro c-.uptv. tor to st I tn-
C’bt ! »RT KEST) Kx-r.'
" NOTICE.
TO DK ITORH A ED CBUITOIW
, jav imcfcT _ ~
; it Aii p-srsons imteb'ed to the e** i >. lixju II ion on
fate Ktchmond county, dece s»d are --.quirul to n.o*e tm
{nw lie name-...: M1,'..:, en »r,d- Ithav- .Jm
j against hhlo esc*'c • -.--. ml! '. pre» ' *”
! •• HOBKKTb. Jib
i
| JA - r S A. JUNE* W O. NOK.tr CL
JONES NORKELL
j tien ral Coin } olssi«D if#*rch»fti*»
516 BROAD S'" A'JGUfcTA, Ui
W E take pleas’” r? -i> jhfiWßiio* on 'flat 0* and I Be \ U-
Ikjfeenerail' mat we hart funned A M artn erwitp i
dit tr,
Wi,■■'•76 their persona* attention to tbeftorag.-. end etut ■
let jj all produce raLed on the farm OoneVumeßti o
u; extern prodoe and good* of erery ie.crtpti.on solid x!
Prompt intention win e giver tothe recei-'in? and forwent
!l« *f« od*.
RE LEE EN ’Ed—John. Davison, John b Thes a Bob**
po-. . Bihl<y b Sons, 11 H Warr-.r, The* 8 Metcalf, Hoa
I'K »g, W JtJacaaos. t>mdA26i , HS
~C(VPAHTNERBiIIP.
VK HOOK, Lare of tbe firm of BOTH WILL & ' ll ,
oi bar forme a Ce-partne-ehlp with K. T. ML'RI'IIV,
lor the porp.*e of
OEALIRU IS GhOCKHIK*
laslitteir' r e'y, at the o ! d a.scfi of JC. T. iinrpboy, »Or
g-t ( r x *<i ate Washington street*.
We pro-ass to be as atbsntt e ano •vcomatofiatta# toour
r.atr*n c as heretofore. COOK b MU R P 1.1 *CV.
A. E. CifOK. l
£. ' , JfiOHPOTT.J Angurta. Oct. 1,1866. oettl l»Mw46
liARRIVE GUIDE
YGl’K&fi «kIK4T PHYSIOLOGICAL WOHR
OP every one bis cv-a Doctor—3e!nga Private Instructor
for Mar‘ Firacisor these about to marry, both Maie
ana r anal*. !n ve-, 'blog concerning tbe pbyfi'ology and re
lation of wS.rat ysteui arui the production or preven
tion of nfftprui, is- .e ng all the ntv- Sheoveriof lew be
fore given ta t K rlish language by Wx YOUNG, 11. D.
Thi* ie ’ml ya In- te a' ''fittrretlr,-. work, tis wntl ■>
i- t air. lingua; to; tbe g-riera. reader, aid a lit- .tra* i
v-it up- • sgda ' Of.ebh'.dred eo*r»- ;ga. All you. « me
Pad •>««;< ,or ' atnu, :ma. agt.eni Lav gta
iese xo-U mart arrie fe-tbooi? read th>« boi*. I
a<» »«» rcU';. . >ert one Should be a>qna.nUd vrttl
Btin-.tlaa . *>k tb. • ret si ocired up, cod not leilie about ».h
hot -e It ‘Tithe nttoa v ot-e on -ne receipt of Fifty
re- t At ;«Dt, Vt’u. *U*(l Ko.4l»fiprnce tst .a ore
Fr... tt, Ph aleSpn a. aest'-) 36a •• 1
~ ~~WTh MONTH.
4 quoth wanleu for su entire!* new articles, juit c-it
» Addre:- O, T SARBV. <Ay BnildL.g, Mddef .1
4*,tn» r«ptA UMr4l