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incorporate the Augusta Savings Bank; for the relief of securities, on criminal bonds, where the pel sons accused could not, on account of condition of Ihe country, be brought to trial; to amend the charter of the city of Athens Bill to compensate clerks and ordinaries for administering the amnesty oath. Laid on the or the present. Bill to self the State’s bonds in Okefenokee Swamp. Withdrawn HOUSE. Satlhdat, February 3. The House reconsidered so.much o! its action as relate.} to the use of duplicate of plats and grants as evidence in courts of this State. The anuexed bills were referred, to prohibit concubinage among the blacks of this State ; to incorporate New Era Mining and Manufac turing Compruy. Bill to allow Riley Johnson, of Clinch county, to retail spirituos liquorus without license. Lost. The annexed were passed ; to prevent per sons from inducing (rcedmen to abandon their contracts ; to incorporate the Macon Canal and Water Works ; to provide for the election of certain officers in the town of Ringgold ; to reestablish the Vandorn lien ; the use of the hall was granted to Rev. C. B. King, to make an address on the subject of tlfe introduction into the State ot white laborers. A bill was introduced for the relief of indi gent widows and orphans ofsoldiers, aud other indigent persons. SENATE. Monday, February 5. Mr. 3. A. W. Johnssn, from the Committee appointed to look into the interest of the State in the Card Factory, submittad his report.— The report concluded with a resolution, which was adopted, that the Governor be requested to appoint a commissioner to make a full, fair, equitable aud final settlement of the State with Messrs Devine, Jones and Lee in regard to the State’s interest in the Card Factory. The annexed bills were introduced : To re peal all laws in relation to slaves; to estab lish and define the relations of husband and wife, parent aud child, and masft ■ and ser vant so far as relates to negroes, ana to define the term negro; to change the time of hold ing the courts in the several counties of the Western Judicial Circuit; to regulate the rela tions between master and servant. The special order of the day, being a bill to repeal section 3778 of the Code, and to sub stitute another therefor. The object of the bill is to allow parties to testify in cates where they themselves are interested, bearing the de cree of credit to be given such testimony to be judged of by the jury. The bill was amended, so as to apply to criminal cases only and passed. A message was received from Ids Excellency, returning, without his signature, the resolution making valid contracts between biack and white persons. The Governor thought the resolution should not be retro-active. Mr. Owens introduced a resolution, which was adopted, requesting the Governor to as certain whether bonds of the State will be re ceived iu payment of the State’s tax due the United States, and in case they will auswer, to issue and pay over the same. The annexed bills were passed : for tho relief of the Savannah Mutual Loan Association ;to change tho time of ho'sling Ordinaries’ Courts from tho 2d to the Ist Monday iu January of each year ; to allow the Tfccoaix Building As sociation and the Union Building Association to resume business; to chauge the line be tween Early and Miller counties ; to amend section 4684 of the Code ; to amend the act in corporating the town of Quitman ; to amend section 4331 of the Code ;to repeal an act in reference to the payment of jurors in the county of Taliaferro ; to repeal section 2635 of the Code aud substitute another therefor—the bill allows aliens to bold land in tho State on their filing an affidavit that it is their intention within one year to improve the same ; to in corporate the town ot Smithville iu Lee county; to proscribe the mode of carrying cases from City Courts of Augusta, Savanuah, and other cities of the State, to other Courts ; to incorpo rate the Horae Insuiance Company of Atlanta; to incorporate the North Georgia Mining and Manufacturing Company; to incorpar&te th# Cherokee Mining and Manufacturing Company; to incorporate the Kennesaw Mining and Man ufacturing Company, capital $5,000,000. The anuexed bills were lost: to give keepers of livery stables lien on auimais for keeping the same; to allow all persons unable to work to retail spiritous liquors and peddle without license ; to repeal alt anti-distillation lwas. HOUSE. Monday, Febuary 6. The annexed bills were introduced : to allow U. B. Quillian free transportation on the Wes tern [and Atlantic Railroad; to change the county lines of Irwin and Wilcox counties; to incorporate the Georgia Taper Mill Company; to protect the passengers on the several rail roads ot {this State; to authorize the city council of Newnau to issue change bills; to dis charge the Clerk on Freedmen’s Affairs, and disband the Committee; to increase the juris diction of courts of justice ; to pay Daniel B. Sanford for bringing up the unfinished busi ness of Kcbort E. Martia, clerk ot the Superior Court; for the relief of maimed soldier* of the SUtc; to incorporate the Columbus Insurance Company; to chabge the time for. holding the Superior Courts of Muscogee county; to incor porate the Southern Mining Company. Resolution instructing the Finance Com mittee to remit certain taxes. Adopted. Monday Afternoon, February 5. Upon motion it was agreed that the action of the House, during afternoon sessions, should bo confined to the reading of the bills a second time. SENATE. Tuesday, February 6 The annexed bills were introduced : to pre vent the consumption of grain by distillers, and to provide for the seizure and confiscation of the distilleries ; to allow the Inferior Court Os Milton county to retain the State tax of 1866 and 1867 for the purpose of building a jail, and for other purposes ;to define the rights ol persons owning landings on rivers ; to amend sections 3320, 4792, 4793 : to amend section 3866 of the Cooe, so tar as relates to the city of Savannah ; to authorize the Mayor aud City Council et Rome to issue change bills; to regulate the annual returns of incorporated companies ; to increase the fees of county offi cers 75 per cent ; a resolution to simplify the enacting and repealing clauses of 'nils ; a reso lution instructing the Committee on Public Education to report on the best methou of pro viding for public education, and the endow - inent of the State Uuiversity ; a menu dal from a citizen of Franklin county in relation to a bridge over Hudson river, the boundary be tween Franklin and M idison counties. The auuexed bills were passed : to sell exile camp; to regulate administration of estates. J. A. W. Johnson to rtquire change t ills of the Western & Atlantic Railroad to be received for freight and passage on said road. Passed. Bill to incorporate the Planteis’ Loan Asso ciation. The association is to have its office at Augusta, The object is to lend money to planters—any rate of interest being allowed that the plauter agrees to pay. lhe bill was amended by restricting the association to the legal rate of interest by a vote of 21 to 12, and then on motion of Mr. Gibson the bill was in definitely postponed. A message was received from his Excellency Informing the Senate that the several banks of Augusta had surrendered their darters. The Governor appeals to the Legislatuie for clem ency towards the officers ct these banks. The communication else included a final report of the Georgia Relief and Hospital Association. It also recommends loans by the State to pay the Federal tax, or to tax the people for that tax, and exempt them the present year from State tax. The memorial of the banks included In the message were ordered to be printed. HOUsE, Tree day, February 6. The special order of the day—the abolition of the Peaitent ; ary system of punishment was taken up. Mr. Starr, of White, resolution as a substitute wuich was adopted, that it is the sense of the House that the Penitentiary system and the present system of criminal law should be so modified as to allow the coutinua tiou of the execution of the latter in such a manner; as will, in the course of a tew years, test the superiority of the .diff-rent, modes of punishment. The Governor sent In a message, which was Trad and 500 copies ordered to be printed. The annexed bills were passed ; to amend Ist clause of section 954 of the Code ;to make it penal to fell trees on another's land, and car rying off timber. SENATE. Wednesday, February?. The annexed reso utious were adepied: pro viding for the sale of property ot the Slate in the Card Factory! th t tho bond of SIOOO of the securities of Aaron Thr rnby, shall be re garded on a Confederate basis; requiring tbe Tax Receiver of each county to Rke a Ist ot each person in his county, who has lo3t a%l(g or arm in the war; re.-oluiion calling on the Commissioners appointed by the Convention to inquire into the financial operations of the State the past four years, to report to the Leg islature at its present session. The annexed bills were introduced : to di vide the State into twenty Judicial Districts, and to provide for four sessions of the Supe rior Court in each county every year; to pro vide for the discharge of insolvent debtors, and for the disposition of the property of the same. The annexed bills were passed ,~to incorpo rate the town of Dawson; to authorize an ex* tra tax in Elbert county; to arneni the act in corporating the town of Eibertoa; to prescribe an oath to be taken by voters. HOUSE. * Wednesday, February 7. Motion to reconsider the action of the House in relation to the Penitentiary. The annexed bills were introduced : to es tablish rules of evidence iu regird to the lia bilities oi Banks ; to allow sheriffs to sell cot - ton that has been removed out of the State or county, in which it was levied on ; for the re lief of all persons who may have during the war issued shidpiasters ; to iacorp -rate the Dawson Manufacturing Company ; to regulate the printing of county officers ; to j lace the county of Scriven in the sth Congressional dis trict ; to allow tho Ordinary of Polk county to keep the papers of his office at his residence until the court house of the county is rebuilt ; to change the line between the counties ol Pu laski and Dooley ;to revive the militia code of Georgia, ana report ail laws passed since its adoption inconsistent with the constitution and laws of the United Slate 6 ; to amend the laws allowing administrators and guardians to resign, and to regulate such resignations ; de claratory of the laws touching contracts, liens and obligations made prior to the first of Juno 18G5, where tbe credit was based in part or in whole, upon the slave property, and to prevent the collection of the same except iu the ratio of the value of all property other than slave property ; to provide lor the esfabiisbmen of test papers ; lor the reduction of members oi the Geneial Assembly ; io give loins On build ings for the lumber used in said buildings ; to submit the question of Penitentiary or no Penitentiary to the people at an election Ist Wednesday in May, 1866 ; to incorporate the Oostanaula Steamboat Company ; to authorize the Mayor and City Couucif of Marietta to is sue change bills to the amount of SI,OOO ;to abolish the Penitentiary. A resolution was introduced that the Gov ernor cause to be held an election to eee whether the psople desire a Penitentiary. A resolution relative to tho ' Commissioners appointed by the Provisional Governor to re ceive the Western and Atlantic Railroad from the United States, was adopted. The annexed bills were passed: to relieve all persons over sixty years of age from jury duty ; to incorporate tho Dalton Petroleum and Min* iug Company ; to facilitate the trial of tenants holding over and intruders. The anuexed bih%,were lost: to di fine tho liabilities of Ihe several Railroads of this State in reference to freight received at their depots for transportation ; bill to change ihe line bo tween Henry aud Spalding counties ; ijill for the releif of J. L. Martin confined iu the Peni - tentiary ; bill to provide for tbe payment of Judges ot Supreme aud Superior Courts during* suspension of civil law. A bill for tho relief of Perry L Cox oonfined in the Penitentiary was postponed. IfXBCCTiyu VETO. Excotive Department, I , Milledgeville, Ga., Feb. 1866. f To the Senate— I have before me, for consideration, a reso lution, originating in your body, “for making valid contracts between white men and freed men Doubtless, the General Assembly, in adopt ing it, designed to benefit both parties equal ly, and to suppply law, for the interval be tween the reorganization of the State govern ment, and the passage of General Statutes, on the same subject, now progressing. But, after careful consideration, my belief is, that such legislation, if not positively wrong, is of doubt ful propriety, and entirely unnecessary. The resolution if not exclusively prospective in its operation; it declares that all contracts made, or to bo madp, between the white man and the froedmau, shall be he'd good and bind ing ou both parties, &c. It will be conceded, that no act of legislation can invalidate a good contract. Would it be more efficacious to give validity to an invalid contract ? It invalid when made, whether from inca pacity of one of the contending parties, from want of consideration passing to him, from fraud pract'ced upon him, or from any other cause, it is his right to be released from "it; and by an express provision of our constitution, retroactive legislation, injuriously affecting private right,.is prohibited It is the province of the judiciary to inquire into and determine the validity or invalidity ot contracts ; and this is done by applying to them general principles and rules of law ex isting when they were made. But this resolu tion provides that all contracts previously made, between parties ot a certain description, “shall be held good and binding,” meaning of course that they shall b#so held by the judi ciary. Were it [intended (as lam suro it was) that branch of the government should enforce them, regardless of the facis’surroundiag them, and the law entering into and governing them, when made, such intention would be wholly wrong, and could not be carried into effect. If on the other hand, tho resolution introduces no new rule for the governments of the courts, it is unnecessary, and objectionable, because it may mislead. Tnero can bo no doubt of the capacity of both the parties described, within the usual rruge of tbeir contracts. If there be detect of oapacity in either, regarding any particular class of contracts, let that defect be cured by prospective legislation ; but leave the conse quences of their past dealings to be determined by the courts. Such is the usual and the safer rule. Influenced by these views, I return the reso lution, with my dissent, and respectfully ask its reconsideration. [Signed] Charles J. Jenkins, * Governor. WA&HtIWTo* XEAB, The wife of Signor Bertin iti, the Italian Minister, who, before her marriage with thl Signor, Mrs. Bleast, of Vicksburg., Mississippi, has received from tbe Quartermaster Genera! the sum of fifty thousand doilats, it being the valuation of her property destroved by the Union army, at the a capture of that place, in 1863. The aggregate claimed by the “loyal” States, for moneys exoended dnrinT the war. is from *500,000,000 to *600,000,000. Twen'y three Seua'.ors are said to be in fa vor of the Pres dent's reconstruction policy in the South. General Bancroft will be tbe guest of Presi dent Johnson, daring his stay in Washington. Rumors of the contemplated resignation of Secretary Stanton, are again rife in Washing ton. General Stceedman gand Montgomery Blair, are mentioned in connection with tbe succession. Applications for National Banks are being received daily at the Capitol. Major General J W Fessenden, wbo has just been mustered out of service, has accepted the position of Superintendent of the New England division of the National Express Company. His heacquartes will be at Boston. Au order has been given for abolishing the military department of Mississippi, though troops will yet be stationed at Jackson, Nat chez, Meridian, and V.cksbnrg. A majority of the Committee on Ways and Means are opposed to Secretary McCulloch's funding theory. The Secretary of the Treasury will take no action or claims for captured and abandoned property until the return of Assistant Secretary Chandler from the South ||rcnulf # JinsttneL AUGUSTA, GA. uedvksoay morning. February s. Change of Bates. The Cheapest Weekly Is sued iu th $ Country. THE WEEKLY Chronicle & Sentinel Is issued every Wednesday. It will contain all the latest markets, both foreign and domes tic, as well as all the current news ol the day Subscriptions will be received at the annexed rates: One copsfcne year, $ 2 Three copies one year, 5 Five copies one year, 8 Ten copies one year, 15 Any larger number addressed to names of subscribers $1 50 each. An EXTRA COPY will be sent to any person who will get up a club of ten names and forward the same. These ra‘ es makq the AUGUSTA CHRONICLE & SENTINEL the cheapest publication in the country. WHY IS IT 1 That the Southern representatives are ex cluded from Congress? Why is it that alter AbrahatA Lincoln and W. H. Seward declared that the Halls of Congress offered a proper forum for the settlement of national disputes, and that delegates from the Southern States would be at auy time welcome there to adjust these differences—our Congressmen and Sen ators elected according to the Constitution, knock in vain for admission to their seats ? Why do not those who have professed to be so anxious for the safety of the Union that they have voted thousands of millions of dollars for this purpose, promptly complete the work by receiving the duly accredited ambassadors from the Southern States f Every candid man whether North, South, East or West gives but one answer to this question. It is that the radicals may legislate for the. preservation ot their party, and tho retention of the spoils of office. Their ruling idea is by* constitutional amendments or by party legis lation! so to paralyze the power of the .South that it ' can never more be effectually ielded against them. When this prospective paralysis shall hive been effected the unscrupulous radicals who now reign supreme in the American Congress will no oubt open the door and allow ingress to ~e anxious applicants. It is not enough for representatives and senators who voluntarily vacated their seats five years ago to return and to say in the deep humiliation of their souls, *‘We were wrong, secession haß proved a fail “ ure; we sought to leave your Union,Lut you “ stretched out your strong hand and prevent “edus. We acknowledge your power; we “ have been conquered ; we Lave now taken “ the oath of allegiance to the Constitution; we “ are now Union men.’’ The prodigals must he subjected to further humiliation. No father appears to welcome their return with cordial heart. The spirit of the elder brother is dom inant, and there is_no robe and no farted calf. Whan the said b,other can secure all the property, and all the position, and all the com forts of the establishment, he may then con descend to unbar the door and to allow admis sion to the returning wanderer—leaving him to such fragments and rags as may chance to remain after his brother haß made the most ample provision for himself. The rar rant radicals are fully aware that every delegate admitted from the States late ly in to the National Govern ment, will prove an inflexible .enemy of their unconstitutional and rabid doctrines. They have no hope that the most loyal man from these States, however Union and anti secession may ‘have been his antecedents, will be so extreme as to accept the monstrosities of Stevens and Sumner. With this knowledge they resolve that no opportunity shall be given for their votes until their schemes have been consummated ana then fortified by such con stitutional guards as shall resist triumphantly all assault. Under the pretext of providing for the perpetuity of the Union, they aie leg islating for the name of fame, weal*h and power of the party of which Thad Stevens is now the acknowledged head. In vain do the friends.of the Constitution and of the country combat the dogmas of these violent meD. In vain are they besought to have done with the everlasting nigger for one day in seven, and to set apart one single day to be known as “white man’s day.” In vain do [a "people already taxed in every con ceivable way, done every conceivable thing, protest against a policy which continues to increased expenditures already swollen to an appalling magnitude. In vain are they warned that such an attitude towards the Southern States will serve but to exasperate a sectional enmity which war has begotten and fostered. Nothing swerves them from their purpose. The Republican party must be consolidated and rendered invincible. Until this is accom plished, nothing else Bhall be done. “ Party first, andUnion afterwards,” is the motto.] But thank Ged, there dwells at this time in the White House a man who is “ not ignorant of their devices.” Andrew Johnson is too sagacious to be imposed upon by their flimsey sophistries. He comprehends fully the situa tion. He is not to be allured by their bribes nor intimidated by their threats. He has planted himself squarely on the platform of the Constitution and the Union ; and from this he cannot be dislodged. The country is fast rallying to his side. Rampant radicalism like vaulting ambition “is cveileaping itself: and when it alights on the other side it will dissolve, and like the baseless fabric of a vision “Leave not a wreck behind.” Are Thbt not Trying to Keep ir up ?—A ceitain class of papers of N-w England are constantly sayiDg that there exis's in many portions of the South an intense hatred of the Noitkern people. If such a feeling dees exist, are these very papers and their supporters doing anything to remove this antipathy f Are they not keeping it up and increasing it by their course Mr. James G. Smart, an aged Magistrate of Sumner county Tennessee, was hilled recent ly, by unknown parties. MEXICO AND THE MONROE DOCTRINE. Tima was when the Monroe doctrine was as well understood and as thoroughly respected abroad, as it was here at home. European pow ers were perfectly aware that as far as related to the political affairs of this hemisphere, and certainly of this continent, our motto was “hands off.” We had told them very plainly that fhey were welcome to k«ep, as long as they could, what influence and territory they already possessed on this side of the ocean ; but that we should allow no new encroachment, and that no new government should be formed here'under foreign protection or by foreign powers, whose spirit and institutions should bo inimical to our own. They were deeply enough impressed with our importance and power, to acquiesce, or seem to acquiesce, peacefully aud quietly in this declaration of our iutentiou and purpose. But time appears so hav® changed matters somewhat. A Fiench Emperor found us en gaged in a long and bloody civil war. Here was the golden opportunity, so long and so anxiously waited for, to establish a despotism upon our hptders, and put a check upon those Republican ideas and institutions which are his greatest drsad and greatest danger. The plan was well conceived, but he made one serious mistake In his calculations. Contrary to his expectations and wishes, tho United States have risen from their troubles with renewed strength and are now greater, and jn every way more powerful than ever before ; and to-day Louis Napoleon is impressed with a wholesome dread of iheir vengeance for his attack upon them in their supposed hour of weakness. Nevertheless he persists in his designs, be cause he cannot well recede without such loss of prestige and such disgrace as wopld ma terially assist French Republicans in toppling him from his throne, and because the procras tinating policy hitherto pursued by our Gov ernment in this matter, encourages him to hope that our people will finally allow him to go on iu safety. But this must not be. An drew Johnson is a firm believer in the Monroe doctrine. Let his hands be strengthened. Let our people, through public meetings, through their Legislatures, and through the press, constantly assure him of their earnest aud cordial support in every measure calcu lated to maintain the dignity and power of the great Republic of. the World. Meantime much can I>e done by private citizens iu aid of our Sister Republic of Mexico, so terribly oppressed by foreign invaders. Mexico wants money. Give her armß and ammunition, and she will soon find men enough to re affirm the Monroe doctrine in a most unmistakable manner. Let every American then help in so good a cause. The bonds of Mexico are now selling at sixty cents on the dollar. These bonds are payable, principal and interest, in gold, and the money realized from their sale goes to the support of princi ples dear to the American people. All who believe in Mexico in this hour of her trial, should show their works by their deeds iu purchasing her bonds. The Election of United States Senators in Georgia. —The Legislature of Georgia has elected two statesmen as United States S< na tors, in the persons of lion. Alexander H, Stephens and ex-Governor Herschel V. John son. It were better for the Republic says the National Intelligencer, if men of their stamp of politics in other days, and their great and experienced ability, were on the floor of Con gress, in the place ot so many who hold their positions loy the concert of small politicians, and by caucus intrigue, bargaining, and cor ruption, Mr. Stephens fraternized with Mr. Clay upon the compromise measures of 1850, and resisted secession until the entire South was whelmed in a wild sweep of revolution. It is known that Mr. Stephens yielded to the storm and rode upon it, rather to aid in repressing ex cesses, than from faith in the cause, or expecta tions of its full success. He was ever dis trusted by the Richmond authorities and by the considerable number of politcians that, at, so early a date as that of the death of Mr. Yancey—who gave up the cause of secession for lost when the North rose to arms—looked to Mr. Stephens as a representative man of tho peace element in the South. Nor w»3 Mr. Stephens a man of the physical force to organize at Richmond a party that could fight ils way up, through, and out of the difficulties that then and there surrounded the cause of peace as much as if its advocates were at the muzzles of cannon. But Mr. Stephens’ influence was seen in the course of Georgia, which early protested against the usurping pol icy that prevailed at Richmond. It is aiso to be remembered that when so emineut and in fluential Republican leaders as Chief Justice Chase and Horace Greeley were counselling “to let the South go,” Mr. Stephens made, before the Georgia Legislature, the most elo quent and powerful argument against secession that political history records in view of the results they were prophetic tones. At a time, too, when many such men as General Butler and other Northern politicians, were laying the foundation stones of designed disunion by the political assassination of Stephen A- Douglas, Herschel V. Johnson was the advocate of Union, and the candidate of the Union Democratic party of the-country for the Vice Presidency on the Douglar ticket. Commenting on Gov. Johnson’s acknowledged ability, as a statesman, the Intelligencer thinks the sentiments, contained in hie address before the Georgia Convention, relative to the Freeamen, sufficiently commending in their tone, and affords satisfactory Evidence as to the loyalty of the author. The Freedman’s Bureau Bill.— Before tte passage of this bill, Gov. Orr, of South Caro lina, wrote a communication protesting against the injustice it contemplated towards the owners of‘‘abandoned lands’-’ on the Caroli na seabord, and offering in behalf of the dis possessed planters, to assume the burden of maintaining the negroes occupying these lands nnder the order cf Gen. Sherman. This com munication was sent to the President with the request that it be laid before the Senate and read before the passage of the bill, but the request of the Governor and the President, according to the reports was discourteously ’ efused by that body. * 4- Very Appropriate.— One of the most appro priate measures that has yet beerj suggested in the Halls of our National Congress this ses sion, is one to set aside one day in every week for the business of the country, to be styled tbe “White Man’s Day.” Some such plan as this ought to be adopted, that is if anything is to be done for the white man this session. Thus far the negro has been the only party talked of and the only party egi slated for. A Mr. Glascock was killed at Bridgeport. Ala,, on the 4tb. A negro sentinel shot h;m So Mots it Be —Surely times change, and men change witn them. It has not been very many years ag«, since the newspapers, North and South, were tilled with graphic descriptions aud verbatim reports of the discussion had in Philadelphia between Parson Brownlow and a Northern clergyman- the subject being: “Slave ry as viewed from a Bible stand point.” On that occasion this great humbug condemned the principles upon which the anti-slavery party planted itself. Indeed, the orator was loud in his praise, and zealous in his defense of the South. He strove against the idea advanced by his opponent, that the negro was justly entitled to social equality witbjourselves. He believed the negro had a soul; and as a sequence, was an immortal being, as we all are ; but, at tbe same time, he as strenuously opposed the idea of even an approximate to the possession, by the negro, of mental likeness. They were an inferior race, cursed of God, and were then in their proper sphere. Now this was to be expected of Brownlow. He is a man whose mind is at once original and powerful. He is a professed enthusiast in religion ; and this, with his extreme vulgarity, want of finish and e’egance, makes him one of thef moat dangerous, government subvert : ng tnaidacs that lives. With a Pharisaical .pretension to truth, he whips the evil oue around the stump in his every utterance. To insult widows and or phans, to bhjfphcme the memory of the dead, and to persecute the living appears to be the joy of his unrightous soul. This man is doing more to stir up discord amovg the people, aud to cause them to be affl cted with greater evils, thaD any other official in the land. A3 we have said time and again, the people of tbe South accept, with commendable grace, the results of the war. They are absorbed in devisiDg plans by which to make for them selves and families an honorable support,— They think not of revolt. The flag of tne United States, they recognize as the flag of their country, and there are none who will respect and keep more steadfastly the oath to which they havß subscribed. Every day’s events confirm the truthfulness of this asser tion. They are willing that by-gones phall be by-gones, but such men as Brownlow, Stevens, and Julian are endeavoring to kill off this wish. The radical Governor of Tennessee thinks that unutterable ruin must needs follow upon “loyal” men, when Southerners are admitted to tho exercise of their rights, political and religious. He would escape this dire evil by fleeing to the mountains of the North, there to die in peace! If Brownlow should carry out his avowed purpose and leave for the region he speaks of, we do not think that many would bs found in the South who would r. gret his departure. ' The Standing Army. —lt is to be regretted that some of our legislators at the national capitol favor a permanent military force of enormous proportions. The Administration has indicated the reorganization of the regu lar army, so as to make it number 50,000 men; Senator Wilson’s bill is for sixty infantry regi ments, seven regiments of artillery, and ten regimen'; ot cavalry, together amounting to 75,060 men; somebody else connected with the service has matured a plau for 90,000, and still a fourth of even loftier notions than the rest enrols ]50,000 at a leap. The Government estimate, which seSms tho most rational, is qnite high enough, and it is calculated for an expenditure ot $34,000,000 in the year 1867. • The next to it, the Massa chusetts Senator’s scheme as arranged by him, would cost $30,000,000 more, or $64,000,000 in all. We are glad to perceive that the Press at large lias been neither slow or timid, in re monstrating against these extravagant addi tions to the old national armed force in time of peace. They are contrary to cur traditions; the spirit of our institutions ; the feelings of our people, and the national example we wish to set before the world. We have no despotic designs at home, and propose to commit no aggressions abroad.— We aro heavily taxed, jnd these taxes we im peratively wish to diminish, while quickly dis charging our debts. To do so, we need peace, tranquility, and the best activity of every able bodied man in the land. We cannot afford to add a single dollar to our budget of expenses, that is not absolutely necessary or certain to yield compound interest. A large standing army is an incubus on the Treasury, a provo cative to unholy ambition, a source of secret jealousy or irritation to our neighbors, a bad precedent for modern Republics, and an anom aly under a free Government. As heretofore, let our outposts be protected and extended ; let the overland routes to the Pacifio be kept open and Indian depredationg be repelled, bat us the pompous annoy ance aud expense of useless garrisons any where. We have nearly a million of veterans and 2,000,000 who h ive undergone discipline and seen seme service, at least, scattered through out the whole population now, and could col lect a great patiiotic army on any adequate occasion, with wonderful ease. Therefore, any large, military addition to our impests is whol ly needless now, as well as distasteful to the country. Eminently Worthy.— We have heard, will/ pleasure, of the election to the Treasury-shiji of the National Express Company, of our for mer fellow citizen, Mr. J. V. H. Allen. At and prior to the breaking out, of the war, Mr. Allen was engaged in business in'this city, in connection with t Mr. Lewis, a well known flour dealer. The firm of Lewis & Allen had a reputation as wide-spread as the country it self, and the gentlemen comprising it preserv ed by their conduct, that reputation, inviolate. Mr, A was j jst commencing to reap the fruit of many year's honest toil, in the great success that crowned his labor, in 1860 and’6l. In the latter year the tocsin of war was sounded, and ihe merchant abandoned the counting room, to hasten to the field. With Mr. A. the sacrifice of business prospects was nothing when duty called the Sons of the State to her aid. A Lieutenant of Oglethorpe Infantry] Com - paDy A, Mr. Allen served faithfully through the Western Virginia campaiga. The First Georgia, to which his company belonged, hav ing been discharged from the service, he re turned home, and in a short time organized the Oglethorpe Artillery from the Captaincy of which he was promoted to the Majorehip of the Sixty Third Georgia. Mr. Allen is eminently qualified for the po sition to which he has been elected. We feel confident that all our citizens will join us in congratulating the gentleman in his promo tion, and we are quite as sure that they will unite with us in commending the Treas urer to tue favorable consideration of the Press ihe people of Richmond, as well as to the Stockholders of the National Express Company throughout the country. REPORT OF THE RE VENUE COMMISSION. The long looked for Report of the membirs J of the Internal Revenue Commission has been submitted to the Seeretaiy of tuo Treasury. This Commission, it will.be temem’ ered, under the authority of an act of Conyrcss, and con sisted of David A. Well, of New York, Stephen Colwell, of Pennsylvania, aud Samuel Snowden Hayes, of Illinois ; with E. B. Elliott of Mas sachusetts as Seeretaiy. It was appointed to inquire into our system of taxation, and to report on tho meaus of raising a revenue ade quate to tbe wants of the Government. It has been in session for a period of more than six months past, and has taken testimony in Chicago, Cincinnati, Boston, New York, and othtr centres of commerce, with reference to the oper itions of internal revenue and tariff laws, and the present Congress has deferred tho consideration of the important questions of taxation, pending the appearance of tbo report of the Commission. At present only a review or outline of the subjects considered by the Commission is given, but special reports upon the various branches of industry aud sources of taxation will speedily be published. Until these shall have appeared, it would be prema ture to express an opinion upon the result of the labors of the Commissioner attempt anything more thau a review of the more important features of the Report. It sets foith the anomalous condition of our revenue aud tariff laws, which were adopted chiefly to meet thrifiuancial wonts of the hour, aud are therefore without plau or system, and In many cases press injuriously on existing in terests. • A compendious resume of the tax ation io-Frauee and England forms an appro priate prelude to the report. The revenue re turns of Great Britain for tho year ending March 31, 1865, were as follows : Customs $115,023,808 Excise 97,048 180 Stamps 47 659,870 Land and assessed taxes. 16,439,670 Income and property taxes 39,928.865 Postoffice 20 852,197 Crown Lands..' 2,212,000 Miscellaneous 14,967 183 Total $354,131,f 73 The revenue of France, according to tho Budget of 1865, was derived from tho follow iug sources : Direct taxes $63,072,280 Registration, Btamps, and- public domaiu3 81,537,883 Royal forests 8,051,300 Customs duties and salt 29 4 5,000 Indirect taxis '.... 115,600,400 Postofiice 14,482,000 Sunday revenue 26,441,989 Produce of miscellaneous taxes... 11,736,360 Total, $350,407,212 Comparing French with the English revenue system, we observe the same exem? tiou from taxation of home industry, especially of those manufactures which fiud a market in foreign countries. Laud is subjected to heavier burdens in France than in England, and tho freedom of occupation and action is restrained by .heavier exactions in the way of licenses, stamps, and .registrations. The rev enue derived from foreign imports is trifling in comparison with the customs revenue of Great Britain. The appetites and indulgences of the people are reached alike in both coun tries, by heavy taxes on sugar, beverages and tobacco, and in both the po3toffire i3 made to contribute a large revenue. The thinß>that of tho two systems, the English is the only one that com mends itself t j the attention of American fl nanciers. The report sets forth the want of system of the present revenue laws, and expands the burdens to which many branches of industry aro exposed by the unequal workings of the law. Upon many articles the taxes are dupli cated many times, thus enhancing the cost to the public and imposing burdens upon manu facturers which produce a paralyzing effect and operate to the advantage of the foreign trade. In some branches, such, for example, as the umbrella makers and the book trade, it is found that the discrimination in favor of the foreign producer is from fifteen to forty per cent, and in some casas nearly one hundred per cent. By the operation of these unequal laws, Webster’s Spelling Book is now printed in Londan for the use of American schools. A revision ol our revenue lawß, and a readjust ment of our tariff are recommended in order to remedy these evils. The report recommends as a desirable policy for the nation the •abolition or speedy reduc tion of all taxes which tend to check develop ment, and the retention of all those which like the income tax -fall chiefly upon realized wealth. It also recommends a reduction of the tax on distilled spirits from $2 to $1 per gallon as a necessary revenue measure, and estimates that thi- change will increase the revenue frtm $15,995,701 in 1865 to a total of $40,000,000. This calculation is based upon the annual cot sumption, which is estimated at from forty two to forty five millions of gallons. A draft of a law upon this subject will be presented in a iupplemental report. No change is recom mended in the present tax of $1 per barrel on fermented liquors, but a system of collecting tho revenue by means of stamps to be fastened to barrels is suggested as a desirable reform The tax from this source yielded in 1865 $3,- 657,181, while the consumption is estimated at fully 6,000,000 gallons, showing that the- Government received only 60 per cent, of its just due from this sourcs of revenue. The bommissioners estimates that,,*4,000,000 may e derived from this tax. The Commission also recommends cotton as a source of revenue, the tax of five cents per pound, to be collected from the manufacturers at the place of consumption, and from the mer chants at the ports of export for foreign ship ment. This tax, at *22 per bale, will yield $22,000,000 for every million of balea raised. The Commission reports unanimously against the taxation of tobacco upon the leaf. The revenue from tobacco and its manufacturers, ' amounted in 1865 to *11,337,799, but the Commission thinks that by some amendments in the present mole of collection, the tax may yield *15,000,000. A modification in the tax on incomes is re comended. The discrimination against incomes in excess of *5,000 is a harden on successful enterprise, and the rate should be equalized. The present exemption of *6,000 upon annual gainsjand incomes, should be increased to *lO,- 000, but without abatement for rents. The revenue from incomes is estimated at *50,000,- 000. The stamp system is recommended as tbe best means of collecting revenue so far as it can be rendered available. The tax of five dollars upon every *IO,OOO of brokers sales is exces sive, and should be reduced to one dollar upon *IO,OOO, or the one hundredth of one per cent ol the par value of the stock. A recapitulation of the various estimates of the Commission, gives the following aggregate results for tho fiscal year ending June 30-h, 1867 : Frem Customs ■ $130,000,000 ri om Excise, viz: Distilled Spirits S4O 000 000 Fermented L quors..- 5,000.000 Tobacco and its Manufactures 18 000 000 Cotton (raw) 40’,000,000 Coal Oil, refined Petroleum, &c 3 000 (100 Spirits of Turpentine, aud Rosin 2,000,000 SIOB COO, 000 Licenses 15.000 000 Incomes 40,000,000 Salaries 2 030 000 Bauks 15.000.000 Stamps 20,000,000 Gross receipts 9.000.000 Sales 4,000,000 Legacies and Successions 3,000.000 108,000.000 130,000,000 108.000,000 Miscellaneous receipts, 1866-67, 21,000,000 Aggregate. ...ISfiY.OOO.OOO The commission are of the opinion ’ if tire system of taxation they recommend is adopted, that tho taxes on many articles of manufacture can be reduced, if not repealed altogether and then have a surplus of $50,000,000 left to go towards the reduction of the debt. Among other things, they recommend tho repeal of tho excise tax on all printed matter, books, magazines, pamphlets, reviews, and all other similar printed publications. j The Commission looks to the future increase of the revenue arising from the development of the National industry and resources for the means of paying off the National debt, for which on’y an immediate appropriation of $50,000,000 a year is recommended. The extention of the Reciprocity Treaty with Canada, is deprecated as injurious to ex isting interests, but a modification of it is re commended. A completo reorganization of the revenue system is rectmmended. A reform in the New Yoik Custom-house is especially needed. The aunual losses from frauds in this depart ment, are estimated at from twelve to twenty five million dollars a year. As for the Inter nal Revenue "Department generaily, it is es timated that it might yield $500,000,000 pet year if the laws were faithfully executed, and many reforms in its management are sug-, gested. It is also recommended that the Secretary of the Treasuary and the Assistant Secretary’ be allowed to participate, if they think propeil in all debates upon revenue questions in troduced into the House of Representatives. Many of the suggestions of tho luterna, Revenue Commiarion commend themselveß to the favorable attention of the public and to the special interests more immediately con cerned. Asa whole, however, these proposi tions are palliative rather than a corrective of some of worse features of the present system > aud look to tho indefinite perpetuation of another ioreign to tbe interests of American industry, and contrary to the true principles of taxation, which requires the direct imposition of taxes vhere they ultimately fall—upon con sumption. All the measures of tho Internal Revenue Commission press upon production, and thus check the development which it should be our object to encourage by all possi - ble means. Still, it is an improvement upou the present tax laws, although we have but little hope that Congress will adopt many of the more desirable reforms suggested by the Commission. Tub Trouble in Spain. —While the Spanish Government has been imprudently embroiling itself with two American Republics, an outbreak has occurred at home that will require ail its attention for awhila. About the beginning of the year certain regiments of the army showed signs of insurbordination, and on the 3rd of January a number of them were in opeu' mu tiny. The details are of but little account or interest compared with the fact of the out break itself. Such of the accounts as appear in the Spanish journals are manifestly design ed to keep the people in ignorance of tho mag nitude of the revolt, but letters Irom Spain speak of the discontent a3 very general, and the mutinous spirit as being sp:ead over a wide district of country. The insurgents ap pear to be strongest on the confines of Portu" gal. The ostensible purpose of General Prim, who leads the revolt, is to get rid of the O’Donnell Ministry, but the discontent of the people is with their Queen. Although the Government of Spain is nom inally a constitutional monarchy, with a min istry, Senate and House of Deputies, it amounts in practice to nothing but an expres sion of the whims and caprices of Queen Isa bella, wh* is a person reputed lo be of mod erate faculties and indifferent morals. The Spaniards have no respect for their sovereign, although they passed through a bloody war to secure her throne when she was an infant. They are now looking towards Portugal, where a King and Queen of high character occupying thrones, for a successor to Label la. General Prim, who heads the insurgents, will be remembered as ttfe Spanish mini iter who accompanied the English, French and Spanish expedition to Mex’co in 1851-2, but who withdrew the Spanish forces when ho found that Louis Napoleon intended to subvert * be Mexican Republic. The Constitutional Amendment.—Tbe fol lowing is the recent Constitutional amend ment as it passed the House of Representa tives : Representatives shall be apportioned among tho several States which may be in cluded within this Union according to their re spective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed; provided, whenever the elective franchise defied or abridged in anv State on account of race or color, all persons therein of such race or color shall bo excluded from the basis of representation.” For principle, if for no other reason, the Southern States should refuse to entertain • any proposition looking to a change of h Federal Constitution, so long as their repre ■ sentatives are refused admission to the halls of Congress; or if they entertain such proposi tions, that it be done only for the purpose of rejecting them. There is not one amendment matured or in contemplation, that does not seek to under mine 'the rights of the Southern States, and destroy the very principles of Republican gov ernment. In the eye of the law, it was a gross injustice to compel tho South to ; pass tbe Con stitutional amendment abolishing slavery. It matters arrive at that point when she must submit to further infringements, or go unrep resented—she cannot, in honor, accept any thing but the latter alternative. What Nkxt ?—Tbe last proposition of a radi cal nature, which we notice has been intro duced into Congress, Is to levy a tax on the Southern States to pay the expense of support* ing the troops among them. Some of the members of the U. S. Congres must be well versed in the coprse Russia has pursued towards unfortunate Poland.