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OLD SERIES, VOL. LXXV.-
Clpnirlf ('c.leutinel,
HEERT MOORE,
A. R. WRIOHT,
THE CIVIL RIGHTS BILL.
Ia onr is-ae of yesterday we gave place to
the “Civil Rights Bill,” which haring been
peaeed by both Houses of Congress, lacks noth'
lav but the approval of the President to give
ft the force and validity of Law,
Conjecture Is bn-y, in speculating upon the
probabilities of its being vetoed. We shall not
participate in the Bpeculatlon.fl|We hop* the
President will withhold his sanction. He may
not; but whether he shall or not, it wili not
obango the character of the Bill, or diminish
Us significance of coming troubles.
The first section of the Bill declare* negroes
f* becitizens of tho United on
ttftm equality of c ? v!l rights and remedies
and puuiahments for crimo with white citizens.
The balance of the Bid prescribes, In detail,
the node of conferring the provisions of this
Orst section.
Caedor requires us to say, that the fact of
fie colored population being clothed with tha
rights specified in Ihe hist section, is not the
feature which should make It distasteful to the
Hoqih-rn people. This fact we ha7e accepted
fr» good faith. Being free, we are willing for
th; m to bo admitted to every civil right of per
BOU and property, wnlch they are capable of
exercising andenj >yiwg, und which Is compat
ible wilii the safety and welfare ct society.—
W« are not disposed to say, that the specifica
tion of rights, contained in tho first section of
the Bill, goes much beyond tha limit we indi
cate. Wo are prepared to be liberal, magnan
imous, and Just to the colored population. We
would not bo niggardly, iu conferring blessings
qp;tn tbvm. W« look to tho social weal first.
That is (■arainuunt; we woul i tbon extend to
them every thing which would not endanger it.
Wo here dismiss this branch of the subject, and
'-Utp'OM'h grand questions.
Uh> Bill, by a single dash of the pen, do
dan-H negroes to be citizens of the United
plates. Ali persons born hero, withoutdlatino
tion of raoe or oolor, who ere not subject to
anv foreign power, excepting Indians, not tax
ed, are suddenly elevated to the dignity of
Ollizenabip Iho white man, however, though
born here and a resident twenty-one years, if
he is subject to any foreign power, is not de
clared to boa citizen. His length of residence,
Ids intelligence, however exalted; his virtues,
however bright ; his character, however pure
and uusulliod, count nothing We do not com
plain of Oils, bee »use we have b: eu educated
fn the conviction, that the distinction of
cHiiviushlp ought uot to be made too cheap
»«*c,n lor white people. But It exposes, in a
eirpug light. the monstrous perversity of heart
and mind which must have swayed the radical
majority in (Jongress, when they could get
their consent to confer the robe of cttizenshlp
Upon four millions of ignorant, and semi-civll
tfcd Africans.
Wo have been reared aud nurtured In tho
conviction that this great government was
intended for white people. If it bo an error,
It Is one wfclch s.-etns to have possessed the
minds of the fathers of the Uepublio, and to
haw been transmitted to tholr decendants,
until the luiid and baleful blazo ot abolition
fanaticism dawned upon our darkness. It Is
refreshing to turn our thoughts back to the
better days of our history. It is instructing te
contemplate the acts of our predecessors, as
eviuolve of their interpretation of the Federal
Constitution and their nuderstandlng of the
spirit and genius of our goverumeut. It is
clear, from the legislation of Congress and
Judicial decisions, that they never dreamed
that negroes were to be citizens of the United
States. The Constitution authorizes Congress
"to r-labllsh a uniform rule of naturaliz
ation s’’ that is, a uniform mode, by which
persons eligible shall become oitizens of the
lluitcd States.
Now, this bill of rights is in the teeth of
this plaits provision. For persons of African
descent they establish one rule of naturalization;
hut for the white man, who becomes eligible
to, and di shes it, they establish another rule.
Wh*t becomes of the “uniformity" which the
Constitution requires i It will not do to say
that negroes were born hare ; for they are
the dependents of aliens, imported from Africa
as slam.
But let us glance at the legislation of Con.
grew under this clause of the Constitution, to
see if it he 9 not always been understood as we
consigns it. In carrying this provision into
effect, Ooo«Te*a has never opened the door to
cit usauebtp for negroes. The act of the 14th of
Ap'h. 1802, declares that "auy alien, being a
free toki to person, may be admitted to become
aOl a u,” &o The act of the 24th March,
1894 d«>a arcs, that "any alien, being a Jree
is*i'ts person, residing, Sc., may be admitted,"
the act of the 22d of March, 1810, de
dares that nothing herein contained shall ba
Con-trQ and to exolude from citizenship any fret
tefc to pennon, who was residing," Ac. The act
ot ititb ot May. 1824, declares, that "any alien,
being a /res tchite per ton. and a minor,” Ac.
The same act provides, that "a declaration
made by any alien, being a /ret white person, of
his intended application," Ac. The act of 24th
May, 1828, (which is the last on this subject,)
declares that "any alien, being a free white
jxrSon, who was residing." Ac. Now why this
particular designation, by all the acts of Con
gress on the subject of naturalization, of free
*c- } ate persona, as alone entitled to be admitted
U> ei’ioeosMp ? And why is it, that never.
Modi the rear of our Lord, 1566, did Congress
atyjmpt to confer citizenship upon negroes ?
it is because Congress, from the beginning of
the Government down to the present time,
considered that it was never intended for Afri
cans to he citizens of the United States. And
an it was decided In the case of Dred Scott
against Sanford, by the Supreme Court of the
United States, that “A negro, whose ancestors
were imported into thte country and sold as
slams, Is not a cit'zen (though free) within tho
manning of the Constitution of the United
fhatse.’ ’
We might enlarge by presenting the argu
r*e*t against the right of free persons of color
it be admitted to citizenship. But we are
content with the simple statement of the oe«-
temporaneons interpretation of the Constitu
tion, as deduced from the action of the Legis
lative and Judicial departments of the Govern
ment. The acts and construction of the Fathers
of the republic ought,at least, to arrest attention
and command reaped. They are “Moses and
the Prophets if the radicals “will not hear
them, they will not believe,.though oue should
rise from the dead.’’
This bill proceeds, however, upon an assnmp
tion, that Is not only monstrous, but subver
sive of the character of our Government. It
invades tho States, aud usurps the rights of
municipal legislation. For ail the purposes
contempiatcd by the bill, fc it obliterates State
lines, and inaugurates consolidation—the con
centration of all the reserved powers of the
States lo the Federal Government. When be'
fore did Congress ever attempt to define and
enforce the rights of citizenship in the States f
What statesman ever dreamed, in the better
days of our history, that it was not the pro
vince of each State, for itself, to regulate the
duties, rights, and liabilities of its own people ?
When was it ever contended, that Congress
could deprive tho State Courts of their appro
priate jurisdiction over the people ot the
States f We cannot dwell upon these grave
questions now. Thflr mention awakens alarm,
aud we are admonished, that the future is preg
nant with ruin, if the policy, of which this Is
the beginning, is to be carried out to its logical
consequences. If Congress can confer civil
rights, it can also enforce political. Why not f
What Is to prevent thorn from conferring the
ballot, and eligibility to office upon the negro
race? Wo know that the Sumner and Wiison
Sohool are actually contending for tho exercise
of this very power by Congress. If tha bill
under review shall become a law, we have no
expectation but that a “Political Righta HUP
will soon bo carried to tho President for ap
proval.
But Congress is not content merely thus to
usurp the power of the States over their own
Internal affairs, but they add insult to injury,
by so doing, In the absence of representation
from eleven States, most deeply interested in
tho subject. Legislation founded on tho most
erronoons principles, and in violation of the
rights of tho States, is forced upon the country
without those State* having even a voice or
rote; what can be more monstrous ! What could
more effectually and justly awaken gloomy
forebodings ?
But we must dismiss the subject at least for
the preient. We have given this review to our
readers without hope of its effecting anv good
result upon public opinion at the North. We
are not prepared to be stripped of all our rights,
however, without, at least, raising an earnest
protest. If we must submit to aggression it is
well that our oopressors be advised, that we
are conscious of tho wrong. It Is weil also,
that we do not forgot our rights in the midst
ol our grievances. Wo should study and
cherish a bright appreciation of thorn. It
will, at least nerve us to that heroism, which,
will enable us to endue our wrongs with the
spirit of unsubdued but overpowered manhood.
THE CURRENCY.
The currency is an absorbing topic of the
day. It is very natural that it should be; for
it enters as a measure of value into ail the
transactions which arise in the economy of
living, and affects alike the Banker with his
millions aud the widow with her mite. In
that which Is so all-pervading, fluctuations are
to be deprecated. They p'oduoe aDxiety and
distrust, and Bubjeot a community to the do
ml nation of a class called ‘‘shrewd operators,"
Nevertheless, In emerging from a state of war—
a war sustained, as all great wars have been in
modern times, by paper issues— they are ex
peoted Beyond such, we see little in the fu
ture to create distrust.
Ponce, with its blessings, has returned to us ;
and, with Its return, brings confidence in the
solidity of the Government. The obligations
of Governmeat are fortified by a system of
taxation which yields a revenuo ample for ex
penses—indeed largely in excess of require
ments. Foreign oredit has been re established
and Government securities rise in value.—
Goid, hoarded and secreted from the grip of
war, is unearthed—made aotive, and steadily
declines in price. European potentates are
said to be investing in Real Estate Mortgage
Bonds, in New York ani Baltimore, Cincinnati
and St. Louis, and elsewhere. European mag
nates—the Sir Morton Petos of the Old World
buy largely of Railway securities, and project
hundreds of miles of new roads. But, more
than ail this : The political complexion of Eu
rope is fast converting the United States Trea
sury info a vast Cosmopolitan Savings Bank for
the misses of Europe. Into this, all who be
come alarmed by Fenian movements, and Prym
movements, and Schleswig Holstein difficulties,
and Hungarian difficulties, and Italian imbrog
lios and Mexican Imbroglios, are rapidly pour
Ing their pennies, sou*, crowns and ducats,
and tbc Bonds of the United Btates are the
certificates of deposit. Hence, Foreign Ex
change, with a balance of trade of more than
seventy-five millions in gold against the coun
try last year—and a continued excess of imports
over exports this year—rules from one to three
per cent, discount.
It does appear that the march of events, at
present, indicates clearly a speedy and perma
nent assimilation in the value of the Treasury
notes of the United States to gold, the recog
nized standard of the civilized world.
It Is true a little distrust is occasioned by
the letter of Mr. Comptroller Ciarke, which
Insinuates that the Hon. Secretary of the Trea
sury Is lamentably deficient In a proper knowl
edge ot the transactions ot his Department,
and that he makes blunders in hie statement
of March Ist. which are "inexcusably errone
ous." These charges. If true, would prove
quite serious ; because a defect in an executive
head Is almost as fatal to confidence as a defect
in a system. We do not. however, attach any
importance to them. A committee from the
House of Representative?, alter investigation,
have affirmed that the Honorable Secretary
was correct, and that the Comptroller is wrong.
Besides, the letter of the Comptroller discloses
the errors alleged. These consist ohiefly In
not estimating amounts on deposit with the
National Banks, and in not computing the
ourrent premium upon the gold balance. The
House Committee declares that such deposits
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 4, 1866.
were included. The remaining error alleged
seems to be sufficiently confuted by the Comp
treller’s own statement.
11m treasury notes are the measure of value.
They constitute the standard prescribed by
law. Gold is a commodity. If this gold Is
received from customs in New York, it appears
at par. If the gold is leceived at San Francisco
In exchange for certificates payable in New
York, the oost of transmission mast be deduct*
ed. Gold is at a premium which fluctuates
dally. A currant and unstable premium Is an
unrealised profit. Such a profit could not
enter into a cash balance, beoause it is not as
certained, and would vary with the amount of
gold thrown upon the market. The Comptrol
ler appears to us to reason in the style of rea
soning which Goldsmith puts into the month of
the wife of the the Vicar of Wakefield ; and,
we feel very mach inclined to apply to him tho
sententious commentary ot the simple-hearted
Vicar : Fudge.
We d'gcern but a single cause for distrust in the
future : this is that want of harmony at Wash
ington which preveuls or delays the restoration
of the Southern States to their constitutional
rights. Even this does not alarm us. We
havean abiding faith in the Integrity and good
sense of tho American people. We have an
abiding faith in the integrity and good sense
of their chief—the President of the United
States. That faith leads us to the belief that
even this cause will be speedily removed. But,
as yet, it does exist ; and is moulded and
wielded by a few, whose mad ambition would
lead them to
“ Wade through slaughter to a throne.
And shut thß gates ot mercy on mankind,”
THE WAR CLOUDS GATHERING IN EUROPE.
Late accounts from Europe furnish us with
daily developing symptoms of general discon
tent which threaten to involve the whole
country In war. Not, it is true, In one grand
end mighty conflict of arms In whioh the na
tions of the Old Woi id will align themselves
in two great armies with a common causs of
quarrel, as was the case wheu under the magic
a! iaflaeace of the younger Pitt the Rallied
Powers threw their mighty armaments against
the serried hosts of the elder Napoleon ; but
tho no less bloody conflicts growing out cf the
numerous local causes which are now agitating
tbe public mind in different sections of the
country.
It would seem that a special Providence was
working up the disjointed and disconnected
elements of discord in the diffeieat Govern
ments, and driving them all, though by separ
ate and distinct paths, into one great and
common result—the resort to a conflict ot arms
—an appeal to the power of the sword.
Btates, like individuals, when disposed to
quarrel, always fiud sufficient causes to justify
them in their own opinion for breaking the
peace, and, like the difficulties between indivi
duals, the main causes of quarrei are often
kept in the back ground, while unimportant
or subordinate issues are paraded to the world
as (be prime and moving oauses of trouble.
Like individuals also, States feel that the
public sentiment of the age demands that
whoever appeals to force for the settlement of
disputes, should, in advance, shew to the world
that it Is a dernier resort—that ali the recog
nized mease and resources of diplomacy have
been tried lu vain, and that the preservation
of National honor and National Interests im
peratively require the appeal to aims.
Austria and Prussia are still unable to agree
in relation to the Schleswig-HoLtein imbrog
lio ; and fears are entertained that before these
vexed questions are ultimately settled, these
two powerful nations may become involved iu
war. In the meantime, serious difficulties are
brewing botween ths King of Prus-ia and the
Diet. The main cause of trouble is ostensibly
the alleged insultiug course of the King’s Min
ister, Hkeh Von Bksisark, in returning to the
D'et their action, in relation to some important
affaire, with the message that the Diet had no
bustness meddling in such matters. The Diet
demanded tho removal of the Minister, and the
King dissolved the Diet. Here, for the pres
ent, the matter ends ; but with the elements
of strife warring around them, It will require
but a slight spark to ignite a flame that may,
in a few months, consume the present Govern
ment, end add to tho already dangerous con
dition of Europe.
Austria, too, is involved in serious differen
ces with Hungary The Maygnrs are clamor
ing for a restoration of their boundaries, as
settled by the Pragmatic Hanctim, and the
recognition of all the rights of nationality
which that treaty seemed to them. The Em
peror seems disposed to yield somewhat of
their demands, and tho lessons of the past will
fall In their teachings if these concessions do
□ot lead to farther and inadmissable demand.-.
In Spain we hear the distant mmterings of
a coming storm. Although the Government has
bat recently succeeded in repressing a Berioas
attempt to subvert the throne, we see by the
accounts of the last steamer that another mu
tiny has oocurred in the army, and that a whole
garrison have raised the standard of defiance
and have taken position on the frontiers of
Portugal While the Government is engaged
to its utmost capacity in a distant wa<*, these
disturbances at home are well calculated to
excite In the public mtnd the belief that tbe
last crown of the House of Bourbons is In dan
ger of being banished from tbe Palaces of
Europe.
Even poor, unfortunate classic Italy is be
coming a bone of contention for the hungry
curs, who have, for loug years past, kept her
peeple ground under the curse of a vile and
absolute despotism. Austria and Spain have
united in making a demaud for an amendment
of the Convention of September, and the last
news from Paris shows that the French Minister,
M. Drocth Dc L’Hurs, has given assurance
that h:s government would unite in the de
mand. Italy has performed, in good faith,
the obligation imposed upon her by the Con
vention of September; and now, when she is
entitled to call upon the other parties tor a like
compliance with their obligations, she is met
by the insulting demand tor au amendment, by
which she Is to be further robbed by her pow
erful neighbors. The health of the Pope is
stiil delicate, and fears ore entertained of his
near demise. Such an event wonld odd greatly
to tke Italian complications. It is thought that
L«nis Napoleon would attest to confer the
keys of Bt. Peter up-on some member of his
own family, which wonid, doubtless, lead to a
collision of arms.
While Louie Napoleon is playing with onr
government in relation to Mexican affairs, it is
evident that there is a strong and increasing
party in France, that are restive under his con
trol, aud who are seeking to precipitate that
country into another revolution. We do not
believe that this revolutionary party has, as
yet, much strength; but the report in the New
York Herald’s Paris ietter, of the 2d Inst., of
the debate in the Cnamber on the day previous
ehows a remarkable degree of boldness and
defiance in the Corps Legitlalif, which may
lead to an outbreak sooner than we might an
ticipate. The following words uttered by M.
Jules Faon, show not only that at least the
liberty of speech has been greatly enlarged,
Tmt that there must be a strong under-current
of popular feeling against the Emperor
‘What ia the s&ddestln aU tiris ifjikat, though
the entire Chamber and the whole country
should blame this act {the denunciation by the
government of the Extradition Treaty;) the will
of forty millions of men would avail nothing
against that of a single man, who has bis band
upon the Constitution. The word of the Cham
ber is nothing; the will of a single man every
thing. In his presence, toe are hut obedient
dust.” These be bold words—worthy of the
times and t he man.
Grand, gloomy and Irrepressible Old England
Is heaving with the throe# of a threatened
revolution in Ireland, which, If not nipped in
the bud, will shake her power from centre to
circumference Her Ministry are fully alive
to the importance of her situation and are
using the power of the government in restor
ing peace and quiet to the country. The Green
Isle is covered, as with locusts, with swarms
of detectives, policemen and spies, while a
large force of military is being established in
every important town. The people a’e de
prived of arms—the writ of Habeas Corpus sus
pended—public meetings forbidden, and all
the usual appliances of despotic power are put
in requisition to quiet the excited tenantry.
If we turn our eyes to the East we shall find
the horizon overspread with dark war clouds;
from whioh deep nsutierings of coming strife
are wafted upon every breeze. Greece Is
aroused, and w« should not be surprised to
learn by our next advices that her King had
been deposed. Then new and difficult compli
cations will spring up which may soriousiy dis
turb the present alliances of the neighboring
powers.
Russia is said to be establishing a strong
force on the GaHioian frontier*-eighty thousand
men of all arms hare already been ordered
thither. This preparation is being made in
view of the continued disturbances In the
Dannbian Principalities. Prince Kusa and
his Ministry cannot agree—the people are
excited, and are open in their denunciations of
the Prince ; and. to be ready for the probable
contingency of a war, Russia is putting herself
in a position to command the situation.
Tarkey 1b also Involved In a conflict with
Syria, which ha3 already produced several
bloody battles. What the power of the insur
gents is, and their ability to sustain themselves
we are not advised -but that a great deal of
blood will be shed, we are assured, from the
character of former eonflict3 in that quarter.
Turn in what direction we may, the evidences
of the coming storm, are many and unmista -
kable. The o’-d world seems ready to be
thrown at any moment Into the seething vor -
tex of a general war, alike regardless of the
lessons taught them by the experience of the
past on their own continent, and the more re
cent and terrible effects of the mighty struggle
fiorn which we have just emerged.
ANOTHER VETO PROM THE PRESIDENT.
The telegraph conveys to us the joytul in
telligence that Asdkew Johnson, true to his
past hist- ry, and the principles which he has
again and agatn announced as the policy of
his administration, h*n returned to Congress
the ‘‘Civil Rights Bili,” with his objections to
its passage. We anxioasly await a copy of
this important document, and will endeavor to
Jay it before our readers at tho earliest prac
ticable moment.
In the meantime we ere not without fear that
this unfortunate aad inflammatory measure may
Reoure a sufficient strength in both Houses to
pass by a two-thirds majority. The vote in
the Senate upon Hs original passage was very
deolsive— if we mistake not, oniy seven Sena
tors voting in tbe negative. The recent action
of the Senate in unseating tbe Hon. John P.
SiacxTON, a strong friend of the President af
ter the unanimous report of the committee in
his favor, tends to confirm us in the fear, that
the radicals wiii, upon this measure, at least,
accomplish a victory over the President, the
constitution, and thoughts of the States. In
the meantime let our people, await with cairn
and quiet dignity the approaching crisis, re
membering that we are not without precedent
to encourage ns to hope that much can yet be
accomplished by a vigorous and active non
resistance.
ON THE RIGHT TRACK
Hon. Eli Thayer, formerly a Republican
member of Congress from the Worcester, Mas
sachusetts, Di»trlot, is stamping Connecticut
In behalf of the Democratic S'ate Ticket On
Wednesday evening last, he addressed the peo
pie of New Haven, la Music Hail, in a speech
of great power and eloquence. He maintained,
says the Washington Union, that ail tbe mem
bers elect from the South ought to be admit
ted to Congress and said the object of the
Government is to let the people alone. He
said the Republicans were entitled to no credit
for subduing the rebeliios, for It might and
ought to have beea finished in 1862, He de
nounced the freedmen’s bsreaa Dill, advocated
free trade and urged that paper money ought
not to be issued by the Treasury at Washing
ton. He closed by challenging Mr. Sumner
or any other mas to debate with him before the
people o! Connecticut.
Two Indiana hoc a quarrel iu Mobile, re
eantiy, when oh etabbsd the other to death.
The Buffalo, New York, Fenians are drilling
every night.
Information has beee received of the arrest
E. E Palmer, of Hamiitaß, Ohio, for swindling
the Pension Office with fraudulent bounty land
claims.
HOW THE NEGROES ARE DYING OFF.
Senator Doolittle made a speech the other
day in New Haven, Conn , in which he makes
the following statement# :
“ What are the facts ? Do you not know that
the oolored population has perished by thou
sands and hundreds of thousands during the
war f We have no accurate data upon which
to state the precise number that have perished,
but the highest officers in our army state un
qualifiedly that in their opinion at least one
million have perished. Governor Aiken, of
South Carolina, who has been a Union man,
and was one of the largest slaveholders of the
Kouth, owning at one time over eight hundred
slaves, himself stated to me in Washington the
other day, unqualifiedly, that at least a million
had perished, and, in bis opinion, a great many
more; also, the Hon. Randall Hunt, of the city
of New Orleans, states the same opinion, and
Captain Haines, of the Union army of Louisi
ana, who has lived always at the South, states
his opinion that at least a million have per
ished, and these gentlemen teii you the reasons
on which they found their opinion. Some, ot
course, have pembe.l in battle; perhaps fifty
Hhoosmad Jjave perished ta-battie or of theif,
wounds; but that has not been the principal
source of their destruction. Small pox and
other terrible diseases that follow the march of
armies, have prevailed among them to a ter
rible extent, all tbe way from the Rappahan
nock to the Rio Grande The small pox has
swept them away in cutup and on plantations,
and everywhere, by thousands upon thousands.
It is also a fact that when these diseases spread
among those not accustomed to attend to dis
eases among themselves, they have, to a great
extent, been neglected by the people. The
masters aDd those connected with them lost
interest in them. They perished by hundreds
of thousands. These are the appalling facts,
and yet they are true. I have no doubt that
when we come to take tbe census of 1870, two
fifths of the whole colored population wili be
found to have perished.”
There are two important facts contained in
the above extract, to which* we desire to call
the attention of onr readers. The first, is the
alarming mortality disclosed among the oolored
population of the South, since the abolition of
siavory. Aud is this, then, the price of the great
boon conferred upon these poor, ignorant «nd
heretofore contented and happy negroes ? In
less than one short year have one million of
human beings been destroyed by tha devout
Christians (!) ot tbe North, in order to accom
plish their insane purpose of blasting the inter
ests and crushing the power of the white peo
ple of the South I Ode million of souls sacri
ficed to the Moloch ot Puritan fanaticism ! One
million cf contented and happy laborers with
drawn from the rich fields of the South, and
made the food of worms ia their lonely graves!
One million ot God’a creasutes swept from the
Earth at the behests of a swarm of misguided,
though doubtless honest, psalm-singing, Pharl
saieal saints of New England! Cui Bono?
Does it improve the negro to kill him ? Does
it make the poor slave happier to give him the
freedom to sicken and die without the assist
ance and sympathy of his former master and
friend ? Does It elevate the race to send one
million to the grave annually f
Does it christiauiz j the African to withdraw
him from the protecting care of the white race
with whom he was raised and reared, and
throw him upon his own resources, without
homes, without food and without clothing ? Is
this the highest good of which the negro is
susceptible? We think not. The declaration
of Senator Doolittle but too terribly confirms
what we of the South have always maintained —
that the African race in this country, would, if
withdrawn from the protecting and supporting
care of the whites, rapidly relapse into starva
tion and perish and waste away. This we have
always foreseen would be the result of eman
cipatiou ; aad for the promulgation of such
views we Dave received the contumely, slander,
and hate of a large portion of the Northern peo
pie, and have been finally, by the force of
arms compelled to abandon and consign these
poor black people to the ready graves prepared
for them by their Northern friends.
The other statement of Senator Doolittle to
which we wish briefly to ailude, is the charge
that these bl-aok people "have been neglected
by the white people”—"the master and those
connected with them having lost interest in
them.” Now what ate the facta in relation to
this matter ? In May last the poor blacks were
happy, contented and healthy laborers—slaves
to their masters, whose every 4 want, physicial
and spiritual, the master supplied, while in
health, clothing, lodging, food, suitable and
proper to their wants ; In sickness, medical at
tention, careful nursing, suitable nourishment
aud Christian consolation.
The Confederacy failed, and this relation was
instantly destroyed. The negro was taught by
emissaries sent for the purpose, that we were
their enemies- that contrary to the laws of
God and the rights of man, we had held them
In bondage—that “all men were born free and
equal,’’ and that they were the equals in every
respect of their former master# and mistresses.
Indeed it is stated that a human creature with
a white face and having the garb and claiming
the character of a Christian minister, in a
speech delivered to these ignorant blackß in
this city last summer, actually told them that
“they (the negroes) were the equals in every
respect of their former owners, and had as
much right In the parlor as their mistresses.”
Is it surprising that, under the influence of
such teachings, the negro became embittered
against the whites, and that they abandoned
their service by tens of thousands, leading, for
the most part, a roving, unquiet and exposed
life, and that sickness and death should follow
a# the penalty for such a course of living ? We
think not. Was It the duty of the Southern
people, when tfnir slaves had been forcibly
emanc’paled and then decoyed from their em
ployment, to hunt them up in the dans to
which they had fled and minister to their
wants—to expose themselves and tbeir families
to the ravages o! a loathsome contageous dis
ease (small-pox), which the negroes had con
tracted, and furnish food, lodging and narses
-to those vho we are told are our equals In
every respect ? We know of no law, human or
divine, which required this of the Southern
people.
The Senate has reconsidered and rejected
the nomination of F W. Byk«, District Tax
Commissioner for Alabama, cn acoount of his
participation in voting men and money, while
a Confederate Legislator, in furtherance of the
war.
Another Indian Chief died at Washington on
the 22d, of black measles. Two died of the
•ame diseaae a few days previously.
NEW SERIES, VOL. XXV NO. 15.
WHEN WILL THE SOUTHERN DELEGATES
BE ADMITTED TO SEATS IN CONGRESS.
This question is on the lips of thousands,
North and South, an! shows how deeply con
cerned are thinking, disoreet men for the fate
of tho Republic. We profess not to be able to
answer it. But this much we will say, we be
lieve it is only a question of time. Our dele
gates will ultimately be admitted on some
terms. The present disorganization cannot be
perpetual. Tbe Union will be restored; all
the States will, must, oome together. All in
terests demand it: iireslstable outward pres
sure demands it.
But looking to the temper of the dominant
party at the North, we do not expect that the
Southern delegation will be admitted by and
during the term of the present members of
Congress. They seem determined to keep the
Union practically dissolved ; they adhere to
the test oath; whioh, of itself, is a perpetual
barrier against perfect restoration. The ques
tion ttttffitand will tbe
next general elections. They must try the
issue. We believe the policy of the President
will be sustained at the ballot box, and that
the next Congress will embrace Representatives
and Senators from all the States, upon the
principles of the Constitution. This is our
hope. We rest on it and caluaiy await the fu
ture,
THE LEGISLATURE.
The number of aots passed by the Legisla
ture at Its late amounts to two hundred
and ninety-three. Among them are thirty
two charters for Manufacturing or Mining Com
panies, two Steamboat Companies, the Savan
nah and Oostanaula, both with powers of in
surance, four Fire Insurance Companies, one
Life and Accident Insurance Company, two
Savings Banks, at Savannah and LaGrange,
and one Bank, the Southern Bank of America.
Among the public works Incorporated, are the
Macon Canal and Water Works. Atlanta Canal
and Water Works, Atlanta Street Railroad
Company, Columbus Railroad Company, Geor
gia Express Company, Brunswick and Ai
tamaha Canal, and Romo Light Company.
Acts were also passed for the relief of Building
and Loan Associations in Savannah, Columbus
aud Atlanta.
The townß of Cuthbert and Madison have
been incorporated as oities, while Americus
surrenders her dignified position as a city, and
falls back to its former status as a town. The
towns of Smithville, Steadman, Wrightsville,
Vernonburg, and Springfield have been incor
porated.
Eight acts were passed changing county lines,
and thirty-seven amendatory of the code in
fifty six sections Besides there were dozens of
acts amending the laws in various particulars.
The amendments to charters of Insurance,
Bank and Railroad Companies were almost
numberless, so says the Savannah Advertiser.
WHAT GEORGIA NEEDS,
The people of Georgia, says the Macon Tele
graph of a late Issue, are sadly in need of an
AaaNT in Washington to look after everything
o' a political or business nature that concerns
them or her. Other btates have members elect
to Congress permanently there and watching
over their interests, and why should not ours f
True, we cannot expect these gentlemen whom
we havo chosen to Congress to undertake the
expense of a residence in Washington, but the
State has aconiingent fund that may be applied
lawfully to that purpose, and we hope the
Governor will see to it that we ore no longer
unrepresented in the departments and the lob
by. Such a man as Judge Cabincss, if located
in Washington permanently, wonld be of im
mense service to the State and people. He has
energy, sagacity, prudence, and would be
faithful to his trust. Mr. Rtepbens is there, but
temporarily, and were he to remain, his physi
cal strength is not sufficient for the active
labors that would devolve upon him. By all
means let us have an Agent In Washington.
THE MEXICAN REPUBLIC,
The friends of the Mexioan Republic have
printed and are circulating a statement of the
aspect of the question, based on the compara
tive financial condition of the country under
republican and monarchlal rules. It shows
the total foreign debt, as recognized in 1862, to
be near $82,000,000, less than $3,000,000 of
which is due to French, nearly $9,500,000 to
Spanish, and the remainder to English sub
jects. While the annual expenditures of the
Republic, as established by Congress in 1861,
is Btated at $11,000,000, those of the so called
Empire are said to be nearly $50,000,000. It
is further asserted, that in addition to the
$150,000,000, as the amount of the public
loans put out for Maxlmillian in France, and
taken by French subjects, and for which Louis
Napoleon is morally responsible, there have
been expended from the public revenues of
France, up to the year 1865, in this attempt to
propagate monarchical institutions on the
American continent, $150,000,000 more.
WITHDRAWAL OF MEXIOAN TROOPS.
The New York Tribune’s Paris correspon
dent says that very intimate personal friends
of the Emperor state that there is no present
intention of withdrawing from Mexico ; that
all the speech from the throne meant was, that
when the French interests were fully secured,
and the purposes of the expedition accomplish
ed by the consolidation of Maximilian’s gov
eminent, then, and not before, the army will
be definitely recalled, and this will certainly
require considerable time. The American
public will perceive that their satisfaction
over the Imperial speech has been the result
rasher of their own wishes than of a consider
ate scrutiny of the words and motives of Na-.
poleon. My own opinion is, that the Imperial
declarations are good just so far as they are
confirmed by acts, and no farther. That it
will be a very bad policy for our people or
our Government to forget that Napoleon 111
will bear watching.
INTERNAL REVENUE ORDER.
The Deputy Commissioner of Internal
Revenue has instructed collectors to enforce
compliance with the law requiring savings
banks to pay a tax of one-twenty-fourth of one
per cent, each month upon the average amount
of deposits of moneyheld by them The question
having been determined by the decision of the
United States Supreme Court ia the case of
the New York Savings Bank vs. M. B. Field.
A FEW WORDS FITLY SPOKEN.
The following article, irom tbe New York
Journal of Commerce, contains views which
should be carefully considered by the people
of the North, before they consent to the po icy
of the Radicals, which Congress is endeavoring
to engraft upon our laws. We give the article
to our readers, that they may beeneouraced in
this their hour of darkest trl 1, by the evidence
of fairness and justice on the part of some of
the leading minds of the North. We are not
yet without hope that when the Radicals get a
fair financial view of the situation, they will
forego their heart’s warmest desire—the utter
overthiow of the social and industrial interests
of the South :
The Cost or Wab.— The cost of war is not lo
be summed up in a statement oi national debt.
Many very loosely-talking politicians are
found in these days who seem to thiuk that the
whole cost of our late war is included iu the
aggregate of public indebtedness, State and
national, growing out of it; aud they go on
the theory that we have nothing to do but to
jtay thatamoOatv ie-notthe easiest thing
in the world, but they do nos see one half of
the difficulties attending it. Other items in
the cost of war are visible at a glance in the
dtsolations which it has caused. But these are
not the most important, vast and mounrlui as
they appear The large amounts raised and
paid during the war do not appear anywhere
in statements of the cost. These oame from
the wealth ot the nation. Tiny were so much
drawn from the blood of the system. But
besides this there is a resulting expense in the
steady drain on the powers and resources ot a
nation which follows after war, and is visible
not in statistical amounts charged as debt, but
in the weights imposed on industry, in the
check given to agriculture and commerce, in
the depression which heavy taxation produces
inevitably. The condition of the country to
day is not that of a strong man who has con
quered a disease and recovered all his energies
and health. It is on the contrary that of tho
man who, having resisted the threat oi ampu
tation, had saved his limb, but at the ext euse
of a great loss of blood, a reduction of physical
force, and an enfeebled constitution, and who
must now take every precaution, use every
judicious remedy, avoid excesses ot ail kinds,
and who by nuislng aud care may hope in
course of time to recover his former strength.
The remedies which some men propose to
apply to the (Southern part of the country. iu
its broken condition, are devised w thout
reference.to such a state of the wboie system
as rea ly exists. They are suicidal iu cbarac’
ter. Tho need of the whole country now is
the health of every part of it If the Aiueri
osn Union is to be prosperous, it must be by
nnrsing carefully every mttnb -~ e he Union.
We talk of punishing trait' ea on as
if the only requirement was the
war power, and as if the ■ was to
be promoted best by ask v . uid c ashing
the Southern communities. >ucn pi jects as
the Freedmen’s Bureau bid w>,u;d, it made
law, be first injuries to the S.rnth, and then
injurious to the whole people. The oust ol the
war would be increased indefinitely, and the
drain ot war on the energies of the people
would never cease so long as such a system
was in operation. The necessity now is to
restore prosperity to the South. It is the
necessity of the North os well of the
South. There is no village In New Eugiaud
or lowa that would not be benefited by res
toring the healthy, active producing and trad
ing character of the South. That restoration
can never be effected by governing the South
ern States as conquered teriltory, or by
administering in them a too arbitrary power of
a central government, to the exclusion of
local self government. This is too plain to
need argument The people of the South are
anxious for the resumption of old peaceful
pursuits They an ready for it, and secession
is forever dead. If it raises its head again, it
will be in New England or the far West. The
course of President Johnson seems to be based
on the correct view.
We shall never have national health, we
shall never cease to be paying the cost of war
over and above the stated debt, so long as we
continue to keep any poriion of the country
under any other Government than the Con
stitution, and the laws which the people make
for themselves according to it.
Nor is it aione in reference to the South
that some men are working to heap up new
costs of war. If the result of this contest shali
be, adjust now we see an effort to make it,
the enactment of hiatber protective tariffs,
and the consequent increase in cost of every
article of home or foreign produce, we may
add hundreds of millions of dollars paid out
of the pockets of the people, for years to come,
as a part of the cost which men teli U 6 is al
ready added up and may be read in the Treas
ury statement. There is no greater fallacy
than this idea that the account has been s.ated
and the whole cost is known. Every eff .it of
the radical politicians is directed towar 1 in
creasing the bill, toward compelling a!; be
people in ali parts ot the country to pay more
and, more from year to year, as the exc use
of the last conflict.
NEWS SUMMARY.
A destructive fire occurred at Darlington,
3. C., on Sunday last.
There is a beautiful bridal present in the
shape of a set of jewels, now on exhibition in
New York, which is said to be worth seventy
five thousand dollars in gold. A Spanish lady
is to be the recipient of it The jewels are
foimed into a neck-lace and t pair of ear
lings.
The grave of Judge J J. Daniel, in the Ra
leigh cemetery, has no mark to designate its
lamented occupant, and au enclosure has been
run across it.
Fannie Temple, the famous trotting mare,
has been withdrawn from the race courses.
Boston sells its hou-e offai under a contract
for $5,500 per annum ; the ashes collected by
the city at $3,000 and the street dirt and
sweepings for $2,000.
It is rumored at Washington that Mr Speed
is about to retire from the Cabinet, and that
Mr Stansbury, of Ohio, will succeed him as
Attorney General.
So many Federal appointees at the South are
swallowing the iron-clad oath, wi h such easy
avidity, that a bill will be prep ired and prob'-
ab'y passed by Congress, requi.-mg District
Attorneys and Grand Juries in the Southern
States to return all case.! of known peijnry (or
indictment before their respective D strict
Courts
Ihe demand for fractional currency from
the South keeps the presses in the Treasury
Department at work day aud -'
Major tjenerai Howard ' at 'e “has
kindly volunteered” t i party
journal called the “Rig -gh the
agency of the Freedmeo scainau.
BREACH OF PROM [Sr. SCI 1 AGAIN A SAN
FRANCISCO MILLIONAIRE
The gossips of San Francisco was thrown
into a delightful flutter, the other day, by the
announcement that a pretty widow on Pine
street, named Carrie F. Claik had commenced
a suit against Michael Reese, probably the
richest man in San Francisco, for SIOO,OOO
carnages for breach of promise. For the past
several years he has been quite attentive to
Mrs. Clark, and she says that in the year 1864
he promised to marry her. She watted for
two years for him to fulfill her promise ; and
the ia-dy says she has been ii jur#d to the ex
tent of SIOO,OOO. Eminent counsel have been
engaged ou either side. Alexandria Campbell,
jr., and H. 8 Loyeappear for the injured te
male, while Hall McAllister and John B I’el
ton (the latter once pulied Secretary Stanton’s
nose) are detained to defend Mr. Reese.
