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Cljrnmrif k Irntinrl.
AUGUSTA, GA.,
WKDMWAI IMOBMXO, APKIL In.
IMPEACHMENT OF THE PRESIDENT.
Never, perhaps has the Cbiel Executive of
our country been called in collision with an
opposition at once bo furious and unrelenting
as that at present directed against the policy
of President Johnson. Absorbed in the one
lJea of the perfect equality of the white and
lack iar.es, they override every obstacle of
eason, usage, and Constitutional law, which
seeks to thwart their leveling designs. The
war, which was waged, as uniformily asserted,
to restore the Union, and not to abolish slave
ry, has ended in the overthrow of that
in**i i tut ion, and the Union and its interests ap
pear to sink into insignificance before their
bimd zeal in behalf of the negro, and their
mad hate towards his late master. Indeed, so
far from miking war to restore the Union,
hey seem ready to wage any sort of violence
to prevent its restoration.
They omit to show wherein the President has
failed to carry out the plaqs of Mr. Lincoln, or
been faithless to ibo grand idea of restoring
the Union; and yet they denounce him as a
usurper—“a debauched buffoon”—“a beast”—
and gravely declare that he must be removed.
They argue that he has given three distinct
grounds lor impeachment; first, by attempting,
by bis vetoes and other acts, to secure the ad
mission of Representatives in Congress lrorn
States with which he concedes that iha govern
ment is still at war; second, by bribery, in the
use ol confidents and iriends to secure iavors,
for whicfi the bribe has been given. This, they
aikge, has been done in the business of secur
ing pardons. “A pretty woman’’—so runs the
iuuiciment—“announced herself ready to secure
pardons without the ordinary delays. To test
her voracity, a detective is employed, pretend
;ng to be a Coulederate, who pays S2OO, and
in a lew hours receives Itom her hand, under
the signature of trie President, a lull pa. don
lor climbs never committed, and for a person
that never existed.’’ They iurther urge that
tho President has been guilty of misdemeanors
which justify impeachment ; and charge that
he appeared in a state of maudline drunken
ness to take the oath of office. Iu the catalogue
ol misdemeanors they arraign him for making
a speech to a rebel mob, accusing Congress of
treason, in resisting his plans of admitting
Representatives lrom btaAs with whom we are
at war, into tho national councils.
All these charges are gravely urged as af
fording grouudd for impeachment; and the
ouiy obstac e in tho way of attempting such a
step, is an evident apprehension that the pop
ular mind is not ready lor this last desperate
rattle ot the radical dice box. The purpose is
deliberately formed, aud under advisement.
Alter tho urbitrary expulsion of Senator Stock
ton and Representative Brooks, and the success
ful pm-sage of the Civil Rights Bill, we see no
reason to doubt the ability of the radicals to
do whalevor they wid. Deaf, alike to all con
sideration for law or the usages ot the past,
they aie iu a condition to plunge into any new
enormity with impunity. It is perhaps well
that they should do their worst with the least
possible delay, for nothing is surer than that
when this spell of frenziod hate and folly is
over, reason and justice will resumd their
.sway; when tho scum of political corruption
comes lauly in contact with the waveß ot an
enlightened popular sentiment, the gay dol
phius aud rabid shaiks which now sport upon
the suiface, will disappear, aud there will be a
great calm. In the meantime, the South can
do nothing but cultivate patience, aud let time,
tbo great conservator, do the work of vindica
tion.
FRENCH GOODS
la a recent discussion before the French
Corps Legislate, one of the members, M. Pou
yer Quertier, in a speech in which he advoca
ted the protection of French agricultural inte
rests, made some amusing revelations of the
manner in which the French products were
procured, His argument was that the facility
tor iinp.trliug foreign agricultural products,
worked injury to the farmer, and depressed
his profits. In the course of the debate the
speaker glanced indiscriminately at other conse
quences ot indiscriminate importation, in which
he showed that articles which went forth from
France us genuine French productions^were, to
a great extent, composed of foreign material.
Thus he said that French wools, which have a
high reputation as the finest material which
can be bought, are mainly foreign wools im
ported and re exported. He thought that it
was to the iuterest of the Government ot France
to prohibit the wools of La Plata being 6ent
forth as French wools. So in relation to cot
tous. The official returns showed that pro
ducts worth ninety-seven millions of francs
had been sent forth as French cottons. Now
said M Quertier, frankly, “ There has never
been any French cotton, save in Algeria, and
in the four hectares cultivated by the M trquis
lie Femes at the mouth of rhe Rhone. Wbat
we export is American, Indian er Egyptian.’’
Silk is also an article for which the French
are celebrated. But the sj'eaker said : “Ac
cording to the report of the Agricultural Com
mutee oi Aluis, the yield, which had formerly
been oue hundred and twenty millions, had
lailen to tight, and, adding two or three of
raw silk, there would be a total of from ten to
eleven millions. The loss on three articles in
the department had been immense and al
most without remedy But, ia presence of
that tremendous falling off, what did he find
in the customs tables ? An exportation amount,
lug to oue hundred and eighteen millions for
liuio ; that is to say. the highest figure ever
reached by the national production.
Ot ostrich feathers, the same returns alleged,
there had been gathered and exported eight
millions of francs’ worth, when the fact was,
M. Q .ertier said, that there were not mere
than six ol those birds iu ail France, and they
wore exhibited as curiosities iu the Jardin des
Plantes.
" 0 imagine that the revelation might have
oeeu extended to other articles. For instance
the expo.ation of highwines to France from
this country is very considerable. Can any
one ted how much of them ccrne back as
genuine !■ tench brandy, with the regular
french brands ' I here is good reason to be
lieve that the frauds in this one article are
very extensive.
The lion dad monitor Miantanomah, with
the United States steamer De Soto as a
convoy, started on the 4th from Fortress Mon
roe, on a cruise ot four days towards the Ber
muda Islands, on a trial trip to test the seago
ng qualities of the monitor, after which both
vessels wih proceed to New York.
E. G. Kickers’ Bank of Exchange, Buffalo,
New \ork, closed doors on the 9th. It is
thought ah will be paid.
CHRISTIAN HEROES j
Were we ar-ked what two men daring the j
recent revolution towered above a'.l othos Con* ’
federate*, in the exhibition of a uniicrm and
unbleaeh eg courage, we should, unhesitating' j
ly, name the illustrious commander of the late |
army of Northern Virginia, and the sainted;
General who lost bis life in such an utmiiitary
manner on the bloody field of Chancellors
vil!e. There were multitudes of others, in
every grade, whose bravery was conspicuous
The history of the war is but a history of valor.
Intrepid courage, bolli among our privates and
officers, was the rale—the want of it, the ex
ception. But in a firmament crowded with
shining heroes, the renowned Virginians, Lee
and Jackson, strike us as more luminous than
all their coutcmpoiaries—surpassing, though
not eclipsing, the bright bodies which sparkle
aiound them.
What was the secret of such remarkable
courage ? By what power did they maintain
such fli tuners and tranquility when the angry
tumuUs of the fierceM battles were raging ail
around them ; and when the lives of scores ot
thousands of men were suspended upon their
word ; and millions of their countrymen were
listening to their orders with a suspense so
painful as almost to arrest the breathing ?
Certain ! y one element of their heroism wro
that which they possessed in common with every
brave man on the field—it was ccnMutional.
Lee, we know has it in his blood. We believe
(in a qualified sense) in good blood for men
almost as strongly as we believe in it for ani
mals, Lee’s ancestral line was conspicuous for
the quality of which we are speaking ; it wr’,
therefore, his legitimate inheritance Os Jack
son’s sires we are not advised. But no one
could have displayed the qualities by which he
was distinguished who was not naturally a
htro.
Lee and Jackson, ho vever, were not merely
brave. They pos-essed h gaer traits than those
which are simply constitutional, and which are
oftentimes quite as apparent in dogs or game
cocks as in men. liny were men of c ourage, —
“Bravery,” it ha3 been well said, “which
spriugß from the constitution, often forsakes a
man when he has occasion for it; but courage
founded on a sense of duty is uniform.” Their
neroism was moral. They believed that their
cause was just; that blood shed ia such a cou
flict was worthily spilt, and with this convic
tion they moved onward a3 calmiyamida
tempest of death dealing bullets as though
they were fanned only by the zephyrs of a ver
nal morning.
But there was another characteristic for
which both of these men were conspicuous,
and which we have no donbt entered largely
iuto their courage. We allude to their piety.
This was so manifest on a’l occaei ns, that any
estimate of their military virtues which should
ignore it, would be radically defective. When
did General Leß ever send a d’spatth announc
ing any success without awarding all the glory
of the achievement to “Him who is the Giver
of victory 1” And when did he ever record a
disaster without a reverential reference to the
Being who disposes of all human affairs, as
seems best in Ilis sight? What his public
documents evinced, his private life constantly
illustrated. Every man associated with tim
in tho army felt the power of his religious in'
fiuence. His illustrious colleague - was even
more marked as a religious man. He main
tained, amid all the distractions ol the camp
and of the Held, a simplicity of faith and a de
votion of spirit rarely found even among those
whose chief vocation calls than to cultivate
the graces of a Christian life. To pray, was
with him as much a matter of course as to eat
or to sleep. He sought Divine guidance on
all occasions. And where hs encountered the
last enemy, his triumph was even more com
plete than when, one year previously, he had
met and routed the combined armies of the
United States in the Vall<-y of Virginia.
“Was that a death bed where our Stonewall
died ?
Yes!—but not his; ’twas Dea'h itself there
died.”
It was this extraordinary piety by which
these two great men were distinguished, which
contributed to their eminence as soldiers. It
made their courage of tho most elevated and
the most unwavering typo. They were the sub
jects ot a fear which expelled every other fear.
Trembling before the high and mighty Ruler
of the destinies of nations, they were uudis
uiayed by the presence of aimod men, whether
counted by units or by hundreds ot thousands.
Whilst we are iar from asserting that tiu9
courage has never been displayed in the ab
sence of a religious character, there can be no
doubt that, when pervaded by the element of
piety, courage receives a confirmation which
adds incalculably to its effectiveness and gran
deur. For true religion is it seif courage. It
signifies a devotion to truth and duty which
will not cower in the presence of wild beasts
or a fiery furnace. And when the temper
which made Daniel and the three worthies such
heroes, is engrafted upon men naturally brave,
tho result is such illustrations of courage as
are furnished in the live3 of the throe Christian
heroes to whom we have referred.
Arizona was the theatre of an ancient civili
zation, which has left monuments but no his
tory. Well constructed houses are existing
there untenanted, and evidences of extensive
mining and agriculture. It was evidently not
A/, ec, but Tolecan or anti-To’ecan civilization.
Among the structures erected by the former
people in Arizona, is a house larger than the
City Hall of New York, and five storios high
Certainly that surpasses Mr Benedict Arnold’s
wind mill at Newport in the point of marvel
The Apaches, a specimen of Indians analagous
to the Malays of India, now overrun the Ter -
ritory, and cannot be civilized. The Mokes
are a more interesting people. They livq upon
The mountains and cultivate the land in the
valley-*, for which they pay a tribute of one
teath to the Apaches They now number
about 1,200, are of fair complexion, and some
what European features. Some Welsh coio
nists of Utah visited them, and found a remark
able similarity of language, the same intricate
system of consonantal words, and other dia-
lectic peculiarities belonging to the Cymraeg.
Colonel Porter, from these facts, wove cut the
theory that Prince Madoc. who left North
Wales in the reign of Henry 11, of England,
was the founder of an American colony, of
which the Mokes are the descendants.
Tobacco Crop. —The Lynchburg News says
that all quarters of the tobacco region of
Virginia acd North Carolina give assurances
that great efforts will be made to plant a crop
of this favorite staple. The want of labor
will be exhibited loss, in the production of to
bacco than in any other agricultural product.
While the editor does not contemplate the
ossibii ty of the growth ot an average crop,
and while few individuals w.il be able to put
on the marker the large quantities which here
tofore were not uacomnnnly the product of
one tarm. it is believed the aggregate amonnt
of tobacco raised will be mnch greater than
was at one time believed to be possible'
THE PRESIDENT AND THE RADICALS,
Self-poised and conscious of the rectitude of j
Lis ecarsi*, President Johnson Las met the as
sauiia and the partial success ot the radicals, j
Washington advices • assure us that while the ]
radicals are jubilant over their success, they j
do not fee! quite sure that the victory i3 com- j
plete. The conservatives, though depressed,
are hopefully waiting for such popular re ac
tion as to restore their w iniug prestige, All
agree that affairs are rapidly approaching a
crisis, and the thoughtful and patriotic who
riße above mere partizin considerations, view
the situation with apprekens’oa. The radicals
will stop at no extrema measure which disiuibs
the Pres dent, or offers an obstacle to his pol
icy. They fee! that the President is now pow
erless to exercse any sweeping proscription,
though there is no evidence that ho would ex
ercise it if he couid, since if is well known that
a very large poitionof tho government offi
cials, great and small, are ia open hostility to
his policy.
It is stated as a significant fact that the Pre
sident keeps aloof from all mere pariy influ.
ences ; that he appoints few Democrats to
office, and has made no issue on that subject
with the Republicans. The iime has about
arrived when the lines must be distinctly de
fined, and when those who are not for the
President must take unequivocal position
against him, and when his councils ought not
to he disturbed by conflicting interests or
sympathies.
The late issues in Congress have so com
pletely cut off the President from these who
have called themselves his friends, ami have
made his opponents so odious to tire friends o
constitutional justice, that new party alliances
would appear to bs the inevitable result. A
few days will clear up the uncertainties that
envelope the subject.
A CASE FOR THE E / DICALS.
The first case which has arisen unuer the new
regime occurred Thursday in our Superior
Court, sitting for this county. A negro
named Dave Summerfield was arrested and
committed to the county jaii about the mid
dle ofTast month, charged with the murder of
a white boy named Michael F. Gallager. It
will be remembered that the verdict of the
Coroner’s Jury was, that Gallager came to his
death at the hands of Summerfield by shoot
ing. They also declared Summerfield guilty
of murder.
This ca3o was laid before the Grand Jury
yesterday by the State’s Attorney, J. P. C.
Whitehead, Esq., who, after a carefnl an 1 close
investigation, arrived at the conclusion that
the shooting was entirely accidental, and
ignored the bill. We learn that witnesses of
both coLr were sworn before the Grand Jury.
What will the radicals say now ? Hero
is a white jury, in a Court presided over
by a white j,udge, who have shown what
we have always known—that the persons and
property of the colored race wore perfectly
safe in their hands. It will bo borne in mind
that a good deal of feeling was excited in our
community by this tragedy, from the first and
imperfect accounts which we had of its history,
and our community was not quite prepared fo r
thia result of the Giand Jury’s investigation
We are glad to be able to give this inhuma
tion to Messrs. Sumner, t-tevens & Cos., and
hope they will “ take a Eote of it.”
MAZZINI iT PARLIAMENT.
Joseph Mazz ui, who has figured conspicu
ously in the revolutionary movements in Italy
tor years, has recently been eleettd member of
the Italiau Parliament. His election, iu con
nection with the political relations existing
between France and Italy, is significant. As
an Italian, he is eligible to a seat in the Par
iiament of Italy, though it throws him into
rather unpleasant contact with Victor Emanuel,
who has not forgotten that Mazzini was tried
and condemued, scarcely two years ago, for an
alleged attempt on the life of the Emperor.—
Mazzini is still active in his hostility to the
Napoleonic policy, and has written to the Uni
ted States, urging energetic conduct iu cur re
lations with Mexico as a means of hastening
the fall of Napoleon. No wonder, then, that
the French Ambassador has undo a formal
pretest to the Italian Premier against Mazzlni’s
being allowed to take his seat in the Pari ia
meut, declaring that “public opinion”—which
is but another name for the Imperial will - will
not permit a condemned assassin to hold a
position of such responsibility.
Tho election of Mazzini forces the Emperor
to this unpleasant issue with the ultra Liberals,
ard adds another brand to the smothered fires
of revolution in Southern Europe.
IMPORTANT, 17 TRW,
The Savannah Republican is informed from
pretty reliable authority that a telegram has
been received at the Military Headquarters in
that city, from President Juhnssn, stating that
martial law still exists throughout Georgia. It
seems that a conflict of opinion in regard to
the affiirs of the Freedmen’s Bureau occurred
in the upper portion of our State, and in re
sponse to a telegram sent to Washington for
instructions, the above answer was relumed.
We have reasons to believe that instructions
have been received by the military authorities
here, that the writ cl habeas corpus is not re
stored by the proclamation. We have pre
sented the law upon th« subject, and await the
publication of the grounds upon which the
suspension of the writ and the continuance of
martial law are continued under the Presi
dent’s proclamation
Heavy Defalcation of a Chicago Broket
A dispatch from Chicago, dated the 4th, says’:
There is seme excitement in financial circles
caused by the defalcation of B. H. Badger, a
stock broker and gold speculator of this city.
The immediate cause of his failure is reported
to be losses sustained by the decline in gold.
The principal sufferers are merchants, and the
Second National Bank of this city, who pur
chased from Mr, Badger, yesterday, New York
exchange to the amount of $23 000, for which
Mr. B. promised to bring gold to the amount
of $20,000 as security for payment o: drafts on
New York, but which promise he failed to
keep. Besides these drafts there are other
checks outstanding
CriANGE in the Cabinet. —The New York
World says, it is rumored at Washington that
the President’s trends are urging him to re
organize his Cabinet, and that he his actually
had the matter undei consideration, and may
announce his determination soon. Three Kadi
cai members of his Cabinet are said to have
intrigued successfully with Senators for the
passage of the Civil Rights bill over the veto,
and that they are busy now with members of
the House. The National Intelligencer of
Saturday attacks the Secretary of War very
violently, and so confirms these rumors- May
they prove true !
The steamer Aspiuwall, lately arrived at
New York, brought $70,000 in treasure.
All the RichmoadjUewspapers resumed publi
cation on the 9th.
Interview with alex h. Stephens- ‘
HIS OPINIONS ON THE COUNTRY.
Washington, Anri! 6, 1860.
Probably no m»n in the South, who was
closely ideniifird with the rebellion, is less dis
trusted by the loyal people than Alexander H.
Stephens. Before the culmination of that
I treason to the United States, which is leclared
| ia the org- aic act of our Government to consist
in levying war against them, Mr. Step ens
strenuously opposed secession, and predicted
wbat has come tot’ i Southern people as a
result of tueir tned folly and crime. But that
icd cri ble v '.ufa'uus of State sovereignty,
popularly c’.Ued State Rghts, seems to have
drawn not only Mr Stephens, but Gen. Lee,
and mar," other Southern ffiea who professed
loya > y uto the rnahstrom of treason. And
' o concilia a .bat numerous Class of Southrons
known there at that period as Conservatives,
Mr S. w sel ted n the second executive
officer cl the Confederacy. Officiating ia that
capacity, he may be fairly presumed to at least
understand the feelings and wishes of the
Southern people, a correct reflex of a large and
respectable portion of whom he was imme
diately preceding the rebellious outbreak.
Hence, upon his arrival in this city a day or
two ago, I had the pleasure of several long
and interesting interviews with him, that I
might cuil fn j him his copious and unreserv
ed expressions of opinion on the various sub
jects now agitating the public, such main fea
tures as will e>ve us ‘ more light’’ on the great
problem of Reconstruction. He expressed to
me
HIS VIEWS ON JOHNSON’S POLICY,
And thmks that the principles enunciated
by the President in his annual message, last
December, and reiterated in various offiiai
and unofficial documents and speeches since,
aro the fundamental elements of our system
of government- This policy is acceptable to
the late insurgents, and is, in his opinion, the
only brsis of restoration which wi’l command
the hearty co operation of the conservative
id peace loving people in all sections of the
i mntry. He thinks that all Mr. -Johnson hc.3
done < rward reconstruction was done under
the sanction of military law, and as Comman
der-in chief of a victorious auny and navy
What the conquered people of the South did
was a part and parcel of the terms of bui ren
der. When they had complied with the con
ditions exacted by the President, they were
entitl'd to all the rights allowed other sections
of ihe country ; and that Congress bad no
more right to dictate any additional terms of
surrender than the same body would havo had
to have dictated the terms of surrender at
Vicksburg. But
WHY DO -ms KEFUBICANB PERSIST
In their attempt to keep out in the cold all
those States now at peace and penitent ? Be
cause they will vote with the “strict construc
tion’s i” os they always have done, he said)
and not with the Federals and thus, by uni
ting with the Northern Democrats, there
would be formed a large party, possessing a
sufficiency of strength and adhesiveness to
to warrant a defeat of Republicanism. They
think if they can compel the adoption of uni
versal suffrago, by the enchantment ot
THE STEWART PROPOSITION
Os universal amnesty, or otherwise, then Iho
negro voting with the Federa s in the Soufh,
there wouid be hope of a longer continuance
in power. He could see no other explanation
of the zralous manner with which the Radicals
urged tfce title of the lato slave to politic-i
equality with the whites, anew and unheard-of
question, sprung upon the issues of civil war.
And he does Dot think the Stewart plan of
•‘tickle mo, Johnnio, and I’ll tickle you,”
be sanctioned by a single Southern State.
He thought that the
NORTHERN VIEW OF THE QUESTION
Os secession was that the Southern States had
never gone out of the Union, and the war was
prosecuted to prevent them from going out. If
the southern Stabs were out of the Union,
then the war against them was crutl and atro
cious The President’s view, that the func
t'om: of these States were merely suspended
during the rebellion, and to quote from Mr.
Lincoln, out of their “proper practical rela
tions’’ with the Union, he thought consistent;
ami on this hypothesis, the moment the resist
ance to the Federal Government ceased, the
Southern States stood jmt where they did
when the war beeau, with all their rights as
States unimpaired, and their domestic or other
relation- only changed in such aspects as the
amended Magaa Charta designated.
Mr S epheus expressed his opinions fully
and freely on the subject of the
RIGHTS OF NEGROES,
Aud held, in emphatic language, that their
civil lights should be precisely those of other
people, with no separate and discriminating
code- or jguirtions.
On the all absorbing subject of
SUFFRAGE,
Mr. Stepbr is holds thet under our system of
Government, each Stats has reserved the
right to declare who shall exercise the elective
franchise ; and he does not recognize suffrage
as a right pertaining to citizenship, but a
granted privilege. Congress, therefore, has
no authority * > conler it upon any class of
persons, and should not force so odiou3 a
measure upon the South. Ultimately, when
the negro shall have become intelligent and
frugal, and incorporated, by his possession of
real estate, into the body poliflc of the various
States, he thinks all of them will, if from no
other motive, from that of interest, grant the
privilege of suffrage to the blacks. He elabo
rately unfolded to me some of
HIS PECULIAR IDEAS
In regard to suffrage and representation, and
proposes a plan which he thinks would inter •
c.p the necessity of, and absolutely prohibit
the lormatiou of large and corrupt political
organizations. Following up the political
reasoning of the ancient savant, Aristotle, he
would divide society into numerous classs
representing every profession, trade and in
terest. There should then be a basis of in
t-Uigence to start from, and each interest, of
the studio, law, morals, religion, mercantile,
mechanical, agricultural, all, should be rep
resented according to its ratio of adherents
and wealth. He would restrict the suffrage of
the lower, ignorant, and debased strata of so
ciety, to check what excesses and mischief the
indiscriminate franchise of the rabble might
induce. Ha
THINKS CONORESS WRONG
In continuing this eternal intermeddling
vith the reserved rights of the sovereign peo
ple of the State, and fears it may lead to un*
happy results. The Radical are net the
friends of the negro, and the Northern people
aro, as they always havo been,,,wholly unac
quainted with the negro character, lbe
ostracism of the Southern people by the Radi
cals is exceedingly reprehensible. They should
“iet alone” the populace of the Slates
reorganized by the President as ia the Union
and ia perfect peace. The tendency is to
consolidate power, and such fusion will tenni
cate in a despotism, which he wou’td avoid by
the non-intervention, by Congress, wits the
laws acd domestic institutions of the States.
HOW HK LOOKS PERSONALLY.
Mr. Stephens, is a slim, medium height,
cadaverous looking individual, with a small,
keen eye, light soft hair, real squeak voice,
and chuck full of original ideas. Well read,
possessing a flux of language and a retentive
memory, he is a fluent conversationalist.
Withal, I think he has a warm heart and big
soul.— Cin. Com.
Jamaica.—Nlw York, April 7.—The steamer
Taiismon arrived at this port yesterday, bring
ing advices from Jamaica, dated Kington,
March Ist.
The special commission tor the trial of pris
oners charged with offences during the revolt
was stiil sitting, but hoped to close its labors
. in a few days.
The Herald's correspondent, in a view of toe
situation of the color y, notices the deprtcia
tiou ot its agricultural acd financal interests,
and the gradua descent cf Hie bulk of its in
habitants in the social scale. He attributes the
stare of affairs now existing on the island to the
laiiuru ot the Ergiish system of rule.
The Montpelier Institute, near Macon, his
been re opened The first farm ends on the
27:h of Juy. Second term begins on the Ist
of August
A m gro who was charged wiih stealing a
horse in Macon shot at the officers who went
to arrest him. lbty overpowered him, with
out shooting in return, and took him to jail.
THE TERM “REBEL.”
The mis application of this term to tbo clti- j
zens of the Conf-derate States, by Northern
men and the Federal authorities, is thus treat
ed by the Hon. Charles Gaya-re :
I wid avail myself of this opportunity to say
that If we sre called rebels, we ought not tosub
scribe to the appellation. I hope that it is not
inconsistent w th the new allegiance to which
we have consented, to remaitj that the late
war was not a rebellion, in the ordinary
sense of the word. The world had heard be“
lore of the rebellion of subjects against their
Governments, ot provinces against the empire
of which they were a part, of colonics against
their metropolis, of the vanquished against the
conqueror, but never of the rebellion of eover
eigu and independent States against the Con
federacy which they had created. This is
something new under the sun, to which our
minds cacao; easily be reconciled. Besides as
republicans of the old, if not the black school,
as democrat wo may be permitted to have
some repugnance for the use of a word which
we shall prove to be of monarchical origin
Let us go back to the first republics of which
we have any history—to the republics of
Greece. They, had also their intestine dissen
sions. One party would seize power and drive
its opponents into exile, or put them to death
and confiscate their properly. We find them
applying to each other the words, traitor, ene
my, parricide, etc., but rebel, nevfer. Between
Gieek and Greek there c>uid be treason and
enmity but no rebellion. Rebellion implies
inferiority on one side, and superiority on the
other ; allegiance on one side, and sovereignty
ou the othir—which could not be among the
Greeks, a B they were all equals and sovereigns.
It was the same with Rome. In the whole
history of the Roman Republics, the word
rebel is not once applied to a Roman citizens.
When the first secession of which we have any
knowledge took place among them, when the
people—the plebians—seceded from the pat.
ricians, aad retired to Mount Arentine, they
were not called rebels. When Coriolauua put
himself at the head of the Voisci and marched
against Rome, he was not outlawed as a rebel
by the Rjman Senate. They denounced him
me re ;y as an enemy.
When he appeared before tho walls of his
native City, which he had doomed to destruc
tion, when he had scornfully rejected the
supplication cf his patrician friends, and the
submission of the repentant plebeians who had
offended him when ho had treated in the
same contemptuous manner the majesty of the
gods represented by the priests aud by tho
vestals, there came his mother. We have on
record the speech which she addressed to him.
She calls him hostis —enemy ; she calls him
patricide, but rebel, 4 never; and the Roman
matrons, when he died, went iuto mourning
for a whede year. In the protracted struggles
between Marius and Syila, so celebrated tor
their tables of reciprocal prorcription, the
party who happened to represent ihe govern
ment for the time being, nuver dreamed that
their opponents were rebels, Cicero exhausts
against Catiiine the vocabulaiy of epithets,
but omits the word rebel, which is not even
found in any of his many works.
When Causar crossed the Rubicon, the Ro
man Senate declared that there was, not rebel
lion, but tumultus in utbtm —tumult. The fact
is, that according to Roman ideas, a Roman
could not be a rebel. He could be guilty of
seditio, tumultus insurrectio. but no rebtllio.
Romans were all equals. They did not owe
allegiance to each other. There was no rebel
lion between Cassius aud Brutus ou the one
side, and Mark Authony and Octavius on tho
other, nor subsequently between Octavius and
Antony, and when Octavius had become Au-
gustus, the conspiracy of Cinna against the un
disputed master of the world, if it had ripened
into an open conflict of arms, would not have
been deemed a rebeilioa, because respect for
old republican ideas and forms was not yet
entirely obliterated. “ Rebe lio ,” among the
Romans, was where those who had been over
come in battle, and yielded to their subjection,
made a second resistance ” (See E .cyclo
paj iia Britanuica.) The Gauls, the Spaniards,
the Britons and other conquered nations could
bsrebellious against Rome, but riot the Romans.
All Romans thought that they were compo
nent parts of their government. That govern
ment could be divided iato hostile fragments,
but it was not understood in those days how a
fraction of sovereignty could be rebellious
against the other fractions. We heal of rebel
lious sous, because of the natural allegiance
claimed by a father, but we never hear of re
bellious brothers. The Italian republics of the
Mediae,val ages were as sparing of the word
rebel as their illustrious predecessors. Well!
When the Greeks could not be rebels against
Greeks, Romans agamst Romans, Italians
against Italians, we have precedents lor saying
that Americans pitted against Americans
should net bo so fond of stigmatizing their
brothers as rebels. Os course, Ido not mean
to maintain that, legally speaking, Americans,
in their individuality, cannot bo rebels under
our institutions, and ought not to be pro
claimed and trsated as such on proper occa
sions.' ’
CAPTURED PROPERTY.
In tho House, on the 9th, Thaddeus Stevens
offered the following :
Whereas, by the several acts of Congress of
the sth of July and 6th of August, 1861, it is
enacted that all property of citizens of insur
rectionary States, found in said States, or in
transit between said States, or in any section
oi the same, either by land or water ; and all
vessels found at sea, belonging either in whole
or ia part to citizens of the insurrectionary
States ; and all property, wherever situated,
which may have been used or ia any way dis
posed of sa aid of rebellion, should, when cap
tured, bo forfeited, and the proceeds thereof
paid into the Treasury of the United States ;
and_
Wno'cae, The President, by his proclamation
of the 16'h of August, 1861, enjoined upon all
naval qdJ military officers of the United States
to be diligent in the capture of such properly
for the United States ; and
Whereas, Large captures of such property, the
proceeds whereof amount to several million
dollars, have been made by naval and milita
ry officers, and are claimed by them for their
own benefit, and not for the benefit of the gen
eral treasury of the United States ; and
Whereas, Such officers have been, and are,
taking measures, through the admiralty courts
of tbe United States, to have such property
condemued and adjudged to their own use, and
that of the naval pension fund, and not to the
use of the genera! treasury of the United States,
so that said fund already amounts to more
than $lO 000,000—a like amount having been
distributed to the captors—the interest of
which is more than double the sum required
for the naviil pension fnn i ; and
Whereas, The question is now pending be
fore the Supreme Court whether such property
so captured should be forfeited to the United
States or for the b-uc-fit of the captors, which
question cannot, because of tho press of busi
ness in said court, be heard and determined
until the next term thereof, to be held in Da
cember next; and,
Whereas, Before such determination in the
Supreme Court, there is danger that the major
part of said property may be distributed to
captors to the detriment of the general treasury
of the United States ; therefore,
ResoWed, That in the opinion of this House,
tbe Sec;etary of the Treasury-boold be, and
her by i , requested to withhold from distri
bution all the proceeds of the captured prop
ertr above described to any of the captors or
claimants under said captures, until such
questions may be determined by the Supreme
teourt, and that the Secretary of the Treasury
be further requested to taka such means, as in
his judgment may seem proper, to have the
claims of the United States in such cases fully
heard ia the adjudication of questions arising
under su< h captures ; and that the Secretary
i A the Treasury be requested to make a report
to this House of the several amounts claimed
by the effioers of the army and navy from the
receipts of tuch property. Laid over under
tire rules.
The Lagrange Reporter says W. J. Nance,
of Troup county, shot a grey eagle a few days
ago, which mr-a ured seven feet and one inch
Hum tip to tip of the wing, seven inches from
tip to tip of tha talons extended, three inches
irom tip to tip of the beaks extended, and
weighing ten pounds.
John B. Peek, Esq., has been appointed
Master of Transportation on the Western &
Atlantic Railroad.
METHODIST GENERAL CONFERENCE.
Conference met yesterday according to ad
journment, Bishop Andrew presiding.
Dr. Lovick Fierce, delegate from the Georgia
Conference, was introduced to the body.
Bishop Andrew addressed ihe Conference on
tbo proprieties of debate.
Mr. Rush offered a resolution, asking the
secular papers of the whole country to publish
the address of the Bishops,
A memorial by Dr. Lee, relating to the
boundary lino between th% Virginia Confer
ence aud the Baltimore Conference, was read
and referred to the Committee on Boundaries.
Bishop Pierce iu the chair.
Resolutions of the South Carolina Confer
ence, relating to the preparation of a cate
chism and book ot dectriues : real and refer
red to Committee on Changes. Other resolu
tions from earno Conference, askiug the exten
siou ot the pastoral term iu Charleston—read
and referred to Uemmittea on Changes.
Another resolution from same Conferences :
read aud referred to Committee ou Changes.
A memorial lrom Georgia Conference, ask
ing the consent of tho General Coufereuca to
a plan lor monthly meetings : read aud re
ferred to Commit!ee ou Changes.
A memorial from same Conference relating
to statistics : read and referred to Committee
on Changes.
A memorial from Mobile Conference, rela«
ting to changes ia class meetings, to the recep
tion of members into the Church ; also u>
the proprie y of electing a Bishop for each
Conference ; also removing the restrictions on
the appointing power : read aud referred to
Committee on Changes.
A memorial liom the Mississippi Conference,
on Cabbath Schools, was referred to the Com
mittee on babhath Schools
A memorial, relating to the lay delegation,
was read and referred to the Committee on
Changes
The early part of the morning session was
taken up with the call and reception of memo
rials, petitions aud resolutions from the diffe
rent Annual Conferences relating to changes
in the discipline and ceremony of the Church
The President called for appeals. The roil
of the Conferences was called. No appeals
were reported.
Among the proceedings cf theConfereno 3 . on J
Satuidiy last, was tile consideration of a tela- I
gram from the Now Yoik East Annual Can- *
ference, sitting at Brooklyn, proposing a union \
between the two Conferences, on Sunday, the i
Bth, “ spiritual prayer, both in private and jj
public congregations, for the peace and unity j
of heart ot our common country, and for the I
restoration of Christian sympathy aud love |
between the Churches, especially between the j
different branches of Methodists, within this i
nation.”
Rev. Dr Wightman, of Mobile, offered reso» !
lutions accepting this fraternal proposition.
Rev. Dr. Lee, ol Va , took grcuqd against it. ,
He expressed a fear that it might come in such .
a guise, under such circumstances, aud have '
such ideas au i associations connected with it,
; that it is an expression of the spirit of nature
■to revolt at the proposition of praying. And '
; yet, unless he would seem to be oxpesad to
praying, he said he must do it, or stand
chaiged with refusing to uuite with somebody
in praying. My position, said Dr. Lee, may 00
singular-1 feel that if ia. It may be the
soundest policy that we could adopt to unite
with that body in praying. It may bo the
keenest policy that they could nave adopted to
make such a proposition to us. There may bo
policy in it. Ido not know bow 10 receive it.
as simple, pure, unsophisticated honesty. I
am not opposed to piaying on any subject, at
any time, and anywhere.
ibis hd to a protracted debate, in which
Rev. Messrs. Jones, ol Mississippi, Marshall, of
Mississippi, Emith, of Virginia, Deems, of
North Carolina, and Sehon, of Kentucky, par
ticipated. The Rev. Dr. Lee, at the close,
found himself opposed by all wito took took,
part in the discussion. Though a ihiring to
the principles which lay at the foundation of j
the difference between the Northern and
Southern Methodist Churcnes, the iperkers i
could see in this proposition nothing to find ;
fault with. Had it come from the body cf ;
the Noi them Church, considering its relative!
position to the Southern, the case might be dis- I
fsrent ; but. on the contrary, it was viewed s a [
proposition from tho Erst New York Confer- i
ence that commits itself by that act to declare j
sympatny with Soutnern Methodists ; and to *
such a proposition the answer should not be !
‘ Nay.”
Rnv. Dr. Lee did not insist on his objections
and the result was the unanimous adoption of
Dr. Wightman’s resolution, and the following
telegram was dispatched ia response to that of
the New Yo’k East Conference :
Rev. John W. Woodruff, Secretary New Yoik
Conference, Btooklyn, N. Y. :
I am instructed by the Gene-al Conference
to acknowledge the reception of the communi
cation of the New York East Conference to
the General Conletence, and to forward to you
the accompanying response to the proposal of
your Conference.
Very respectfully
'i nos. O. Summers,
See'y Gon. Con. M. E. Church South
Cons- Room, New Orleans, La , April 7, 1866.
Resolutions relating to the ordination of
local preacheis were referred to the Committee
on Changes and the Committee on Educa
tion.
A resolution empowering tho Bshopj to
change the place of holding the General Con
ference when nocess try, referred to the Com
mittee on Revisafs.
Dr. W A. Smith offered a resolution rela
ting to the partial veto power conterred on
the Bishops in the General Conference of 1864.
The resolution rtquires the Bishops to sub
mit the rule to the several Annual Confer
ences for their concurrence. The resoiution
was referred pending the decision of the
Bishops.
The Conference adj iurn- and until this morn.-
ing, at 10 o'clock—Acmj Orleans Orescent, April
10th.
Xmi obtant Decision. — The following case,
which came off at the April term of Suinter
Superior Court, before His Honor, Alex. M.
Speer, will be road with unusual interest The
points decided, are such as to affect thousands
of our c tizens, and gives, on that account, a
prominence to Ibis decision beyond that which
usually attaches to a decision of the Circuit
Courts. Wc understand that tho case will go
up to the Supreme Court :
James W. Armstrong vs. Columbus W. Hand
—Complaint on notes for valuo of three ne
groes, sold in 1860, Piea, failure of considera
tion. and breach of covenant, etc.
In Sumter Superior Court, April Term, 1866.
Col Joseph Armsirong aad Gen. Howell Cobb
representing the plaintiff, Messis. Hawkins and
McKay for defendants.
The facta are briefly these : Armstrong,
plaintiff, on the 9ih of" January, 1860, sold
three negroes to defendants, for a given turn,
and took their notes for tho same, and now
sues upon these notes Plaintiff warranted
titles, that they were slaves for life. The de
fendants plead failure of consideration and
breach of covenant of warranty, by the obo
lifion of slavery.
The Court herd the covenant oaly warranted
the title and status of the slaves, aa tha law
then stood, and that the acts of the Govern
ment abolishing slavery, repealed the coven
ant. The plaintiff was, therefore, entitled to
recover the notes sued upon. —Macon Messen
ger.
WASHINGTON ON BIT.
The President La3 approved and signed the
deficiency appropriation bill- Among the items
are the following : To enable tue L’ght House
Beard to re-estabi’sh lights and other aids to
navigation discontinued by the enemy on the
Southern coast, SIOO 000; for refurnishing and
repairing the President’s house, $46,000, in
addition to SBO,OOO for lepairing it in-ida and
out; for defraying the expenses Incident to the
death and burial of Abraham L'ocoln, $300,-
000; for the purchase of Ford’s Theatre, the
scene of the assassination, SIOO,OOO.
The Pres'dent has proclaimed a treaty made
between the United States and Winnebago In
dians. The tribe convey to the Government
all the rights, title and interest ia their present
reservation in the territory of Dakota. In con?
sideration of 'his the United States cede land
to them in Nebraska, and agree to subsist them
for one year in their new home, and furnish
them with saw and grist mi He, agricultural im
plements, guns, horses and whatever may be
necessary to their domestic comfort,
FOREIGN.
AtttUVAT, OF THE Bb! GUN— THE AtNTRC-PRUS
SIAN Difficulty ; War Almost Inevitable
—Bishop Colenso Beos Lkavs to Insist—
The Jamaica Investigation.
Portland, April 10.—France,—Tho third
sitting of the Conference on tho Danubiau
principalities was held on the 28th tilt
Tim Paris bourse closed flat on the 2Stfc,
at 68f, 30c.
Austria and Prussia German journals con*
tiuue to discuss with keen interest the proba
bility of a war between Austria and Prussia.
Nothing has yet transpired to throw any, U s ht
upon the eventful is-ue of the quarrel.
The London Morning Post of the 29th, says
that the position of effaprs every day becomes
more critical. Id Berlin the language of tho
press, by eviefeat declaration or the Govern
meut, is warlike, aud great military prepara
j - lions aro being mado everywhere throughout
tfce Kingdom.
Iu Austria tfce Government is also taking
maisuies in anticipation of the coming
struggle.
The Post thinks Count Bismark is not likely
to fail, when the chances 01 accomplit-hing bis
object are ia his favor.
Prussia has forwarded a [circular dispatch to
tho minor German States, laying stress on the
impracticability of the appeal to the Federal
Diet to still the present cocilict. The dispatch
further points out Ihe necessity of the various
States taking up a definite position, o« one
side or tho other, in tho struggle which the
ai moments of Austria seem to render more and
moro imminent.
Tho dispatch accuses Austria of having vio
lated the convention of August iu assuming a
threatening attitude. It expresses a doubt as
to the power of the Confederate States to carry
out their good intentions towards Prussia in
the islative state ol a federal military organi
zitioa, and points out tho necessity which has
arisen for introducing reform into the present
system. The dispatch concludes as tollows :
“It is urgent for Prussia to know if, and to
what extent, she may rely upon your assistance
in case she should be attacked by Austria,
or driven into war by unmistakable me
nace.”
Toe Berlin journals represent that the Aus
trian Armaments are very exteusive; anil some
of them admit, ia view of Austrian prepaia
tiious, that orders may have been given by
Prussia to make such military preparations as
may be indispensable
Vienna advices assert that Austria has de
termined to put an end to the provisional state
ot affairs in the Duchies, and, if necessary,
will propose that the question be referred to a
European Congress.
The Independence Bsice, of the 29th, pub
lishes intelligence from Weimar, according to
which the King of Prussia gave his consent ou
the 27th to a certain military arrangement
which, although only of a pre iminary nature,
indicate that war is inevitable.
The Post says v?e enter upon the Easter holi
' days under tho me it unfavorable circumstan
ces. The Austria-Prnssian difficulties < xcite
great attention, and the bears are talcing great
advantage of the unsatisfactory opposition to
depress tho prices as far as possible
Dr. Goienso ban intimated Ids intention to
maintain his legal right as colonial bishop, and
to force his demand against tfce colonial birih
! oprick’s fund, from which his salary is pakL—
j Suit will ba heard at next term,
i The Royal Commissioners were bringing tho
• investigation to a close, and expected to. leave
J for England. The most important evidence
j obtained during the last fortnight had been
! respecting tho extent of the Jamaica rebellion,
j and bow ar Gov. Eyre was justified in the as
'• sertiou that the conspiracy was general. Gov.
; Eyie based his opinion on a multitude of evi
; rience, both oral and documentary, which ho
\ said he received from custodians and other
| gentlemen of property and influenca iu the
country; but, strange to eay, his Excellency,
[ when called upon, was unable to produce the
i documentary evidence, aud had altogether for
gotten from whom the oral evidence had been
. obtained. $
Among tho witnesses examined 86 to tho
means employed for the suppression of tho
rebellion were Gen. O’Connor, Coi Wilson,
Lieut. Brandt and Provost Marshal Ramsay.—
Mr. Ramsay has been arrested on the charge of
murder.
An address of loyalty hss been presented to
his Excellency from over five thousand perrons,
chiefly blacks, deprecating the massacre at Mo
rant Bay and deploring the means employed
to suppress the rebell on.
RELIGIOUS INTELLIGENCE.
Sboek, for some time editor of the Banner of
1 Peace, published at Nashville died in that city
j a few days ago. He was distinguished as a
minister ot tbe gospel for more than forty
years. His soul entered into the great causa
ha espoused in his youth, and success was hia
reward.
A society has bean formed ia Paris for tho
puiposo of preparing anew and complete trans
lation of the Scriptures, In order to insure
impartiality the task will be confined to learn
ed men of the Roman Catholic, Protestant aui
Jewish religions.
Bishop Atkinson, an eminent divine was
taken suddenly iil in Wilmington, N. C«. on
the sth. At last accounts he was much better,
though he will be temporarily prevented from
tiding his appointments.
‘‘thank God that I have got my hat back
from this congregation!” said a dti appointed
clergyman, turning it upside down, when it
was returned empty to him at the close of a
contribution.
The annual convention of the Protestant
Episcopal Church of the Diocese of Tennessee
wi i meet at Bolivar on the 16th of May. In a
circular to tbe clergy, Bishop Q rinfard requests
that the parochial reports should embrace, not
simply the present numerical strength of the
parishes, but their hi tory in full tines the ad
journment ot the convention in Sommer ville,
1861.
Anew version of fho New Testament, undos-
Cathoiic auspices, has been issued' in Qii"We.
The translation in made from the Latin. Vul
gate, end, with the notes an i commentaries
appended, makes a volume of 800 pages
The whole number of American foie-gu mis
sionary societies is sixteen, having under their
cha.ge 2,388 missionaries, native preachers,
etc,, 54,000 church members, 22 000 pupils,
and receipts amounting to $1,100,000, In
G v eat Britain there are twea y missionary so
cieties ; 5 216 missionaries, native preachers,
etc. ; 185 090 members ; 201 000 pulpiia, and
receipts amounting to $3 094,100 Oo the
continent of Europe there are twelve societies,
of which six are in Germany. They have eigi.t
hundred and eleven missionaries, etc., 79,000
church members, and $2670 000 receipts lotai
Protestant missionary associations, fifty-eight;
missionaries and native helpers, 9 148 ; church
members, 515,000 ; pupils, 225 000 ; receipts,
$1,481,000. ibis is exclusive of miner mis
sionary efforts, undertaken, as on various Pa
c ficislands, by converts from among heuth ns,
lor the benefit cf other and still more de
graded tribes.
mu Koran.— The Koran is written in Arabic-,
of such purity that this fact is cited as one
of tbe principal proofs of the inspiration oi the
bock. The Koran has hitherto always been
in manuscript—it would have been regarded
a3 sacrilege to translate it or even to print it.
Its words and letters are considered sacred,
and coming from the hand of God, and for
man to put on others in their place would
hitherto have been considered the height of
audacity. A Turkish translation has, however,
been male, but religious prejudices are so
strong that no oue has ventured to use it.
Notwithstanding the opposition of the Korano
latcrs, who cried cut that it was the height of
blasphemy to put the words of the Most High
in the same printing-press as tn i blasphemies
of the unbeliever, the Tutkish government has
just printed a translation at the printing press
of the Padiicha, and a c py has been presented
to the Sultan. The government intend io cir
culate this translation as widely as possible.
The following named gentlemen r-presnt
the Georgia Conference at New Orleans:*
Episcopacy. John W Gleea; Itiaaraacy,
Biimuei Anthony ; Bocks and Periodicals, Jo
soph P. Key ; Boundaries, W. J. parks ; Mis
sions, W. H Potter ; Hevtsals, E 11. Myers ;
bun!ay Hc-oote, W, M. Urumley ; Education,
A. T. Mann ; Ctdcred People, Jonns E Evans.
“The Southern Georgian” is a paper just
started at Rainhridgs or rather it is anew
series of the old paper of that name. W. H.
Hooker and G. A. Padrick, Proprietors ; $3,
per annum in advance,