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OLD SEMES, VOL. LXXV. tfhvoiucle & Sentinel. HKiviiv mooisi:, A. it. wHuai r. 1 tUBM* OF SCBStIiIPTION. A C'<-1 >T A. (, A : V.EBSEIDAY MmCHNb, DECEUBEU itt. Another Slander to l ire the Northern 'iDoti. “The traitors who are clamoring f<> r rep re'” illation in Oetiiere*.. show tJicir regard for tl»e constitutional rizbls of Northern citizens by declaring that though North ern men may plant cotton, they will no! be Allowed to reap the fruits oftlieirbafoor.’’ -Firmest /Vev,. * A more unblushing fal-chod than that contained in the above extract from a leading Radical journal could hardly have been conceived. It Is by such statements that “the Northern heart is tired' 7 against g> he jple of the South. oust now, as Congress is beginning its re-i Mon. the Northern public will he daily fed with a like fa'tjpiuin. The atrocities cotpinittc ]. as doubtless some arc, by bad inafi in the Southern States, will be pre sented to the North as tlie deliberate and wejl’Hetilpd practiey of'our whole people. despotic action in order to preserve the life and property of so-ccdled Union men who are settled amongst us. We venture to a--ert that in no portion of the United States is human life and the right of property more amply protected than in the States lately composing the Confederate Covernment. We do not believe that a , ingle well authenticated instance can be given where a wrongful or violent act has been committed against a Northern man merely on account of his birth. All those who have come among u since the war for the purpose of making the South their home, and who have shown no disposition to Haunt their superior loyalty in the faces of those with whom they associate, have been treated fairly and kindly. Wo know quite a num ber who have settled in Ceorgia during, the past year, for the purpose of entering into the cultivation of cotton, all of whom have Keen received kindly by our people. Instead of wishing to drive from our midst those who are already here, our people have invited, and still continue to invite, Northern immigrants to settle amongst us and bring to our impoverished f section .some of the surplus wealth and money, which seems to be so abundant, just now, in the Northern States. liy way of contrast, wo publish the fol lowing warrant from the Philadelphia Age: “One of the methods resorted to by lho itudiriilM of Joliet, Illinois, to show their delight at the result ol the election in that State, was *-burning the Constitution of the United States, which was done in the open streets, amid the most vociferous cheering from the crowd of partisans as sembled.' ” Military Movement. “ Wo understand from reliable authority that a company of 11. S. Troops under the command ol Lieut. Craig, left this city lust evening fortiriitin, with a view of es tablishing u permanent garrison in that city. A detail from this company is or dered to am >\ six of tlie prominent citizens oftiritlin and \uUe them to Savannah, to answer (lie chavge of violating the civil Lights bill, In t\ o person of J. Clarke Hwnyzo,” We clip the above fiotn the Macon i ( of the Bth in.,font. We hope that paper is mistaken in regard to the inter ference of the Military authorities with a matter which belongs entirely to the juris diction of the Courts of the State. It cannot be pretended that Swayze is a negro- although, from what we have heard of itis conduct since the war, we are in cliued to think his heart is blacker than a negro’s skin. Kvcti it he were of that just-now peculiarly favorite race, we cannot see what right the Military authorities have to arrest, either with or without warrant, any citizen of the State, not in the army of the Federal Government, for offences of any nature whatever. This right certainly cannot be claimed under any of the provis ions of the Oivil-Ilights bill, as is supposed y.v our neighbor of the ('iti~.cn. The enactments ot that Rill give the power to order arrests for violations of its provisions to Commissioners to be appoint ed in the several Southern States, and not to the Military. It is true that these Com missioners have the right to call upon the Military for aid in enforcing their power; but wo do not believe that any portion of that bill contemplates the voluntary action of a merely military commander. This man Swayzc was, we believe, at one time Rureau Agent at Gritiin, but, if we are not greatly mistaken, tie lias been removed from that position several months. Wo learn that he was in this e'ty late in the past summer seeking employment in some of the newspapers published here. Since that time we have seen a statement in our exchanges, taken from a Galveston paper, in which it was said that Swayzc and Col. Sorrell, formerly of Americus, Ga.. were engaged in taking large numbers of Mack emigrants to Texas. It is greatly ta bo deplored that such a creature as this should, in any way,.lx- the cause ol’the arrest of any good citizen of the State. We are not informed as to the character of the wrongs charged to have been indicted upon him by the people of Griffin—we suppose, from what we have heard of Ais conduct, that he has exasper ated the people to a degree beyond endur ance, and that he richly merits severe treat ment. We are opposed, however, to all acts of violence by any of our people for any cause whatever. It is always best to appeal for e redress of wrongs to the courts of the State. Our laws are sufficient for the pro tection of all classes of citizens. Wekuow, however, that there may 1h) circumstances under the influence of which dUr best citi zens are betrayed into acts which their calmer judgement Would condemn. This, doubtless, is one of these cases. We concur in the following remarks of our Macon cotemporary, as to the true policy of our people while we are ir. our present helpless and oppressed condition : “We think it much to be regretted that our people wiit not cease all acts of olfeue# against such individuals. Here we have an instance of restored military power in a city on account of the imprudence of some of the citizens. Such a policy will bring ruin upon the country and is playing into • the hinds of the Radicals, precisely as they would desire. It will be ink. n for granted that the whole South is still rebellious against the Government, and the evils we have already experienced from war's deso lations will thereby be increased instead of allayed." Much Ado About Nothing.—The English journals, says the Now York .SY i, are all clamoring at their Government to “stamp out" the insurrection in Ireland, but. at this distance, we are unable to see anything to stamp. The only specific news t'At we have had, indicative of trouble in Ireland, were the reports to the effect that a few guns had been captured by the vigi lant and valiant red-coats. The stories about the great uprising, which, ac cording to the Atlantic Telegraph, filled the English papers for two or three days, have not been followed by any news to war rant them. It there really was anything serious on the tapis in Ireland, the tele graph would have given us some substan tial information ere this, for there has been plenty of time for details to appear. Our people who have had< hopes that the day of Ireland’s disenthralment was at hand, or who feared for the safety of the men who were reported to be engaged in the insurrection, might as well banish the whole matter from their minds, for there is evidently nothing in it. Oil has been discovered in abundance on Shoal Creek, St. Clair county, Alabama, ai a depth of nine hundred feet What the North Gained by the Mar. No sane man, cither North or South, will deny that the Federal Government waged war upon the seceded States for the avowed purpose of preserving the Federal Union. Although many of the most sagacious statesmen of the times saw that once the war vral begun its purposes might, by the influence of bad men. be provoked to other objects than the preservation of the Union: yet it was more than two years after the war had begun before the abolitionists broached the policy of Emancipation as a war measure. When first suggested, it was justified solely upon the ground of its actual necessity as a means for bringing the contest to a speedy close. Gradually, however, during the continu ance of the conflict, the Emancipation pol icy gained strength. At the close of the' year 1 563, it was formally announced as one of the results for the attain ment of which the North would continue the fight. This, and the preservation of the Union of all the States, were the objects which the administration of Mr. Lincoln wits pledged to sustain. It was not until after the surrender of the la t of the Con federate forces that the Radical idea of a destroyed Union was shadowed fortjj. When the North had gained all it went to warmer a restored Union and the. liman-, eipilfim of Vis- HudhwA party took a step in advance of their past po ition. It then declared that although the South had been c onqvered and brought, under the; pencer erf the Federal Govern ment, yet the ohjext for which the South took up arms held been accomplished, ta re it : the dec/ruction ejf the federal Union. The whole difficulty which now arrays the two sections in antagonistic positions to each other results from this abandonment of the true grounds upon which the Feder al Government entered into the comfiiet. We have yielded to superior force and have acknowledged, to its fullest extent, the dominion and power of the Federal Government over the whole country. We confess that we are bound by the Constitu tion and laws of the United States, and have, in good faith, accepted the situ ation. Certainly the South had a right to expect when she laid down her arms and acknowledged the authority of the United States, that the oft repeated de clarations of that Government as to the objects for which the war was waged would he adhered to in good faith. Have these expectations been ju-tified ? Have the solemn declarations of the United States been regarded? lias faith been kept? Clearly and unquestionably no, so far as legislation is concerned. The present con dition of affairs, in our judgment, cannot continue much longer. Congress will be obliged to adhere to the declarations and policy which governed its course during the war and acknowledge the Union restored; or it must go a step further and put the South, in every respect, in the condition of a conqueredforeign country. Wo know that the Radicals have a largo majority in both branches of the present Congress. We feel assured that many of the leaders arc prepared and willing to go to the ex tromest lengths against the Southern peo ple. Rut we do not believe that a suffi cient number can be obtained to pass such utterly destructive measures —such as Thad. Stevens urges. We do not believe that the Northern people will uphold such a destructive, ruinous policy,—ruinous to the Soutli —ruinous to the whole country— as that which ho proposes. We believe that the Republican party will fall to pieces if such measures are forced vtpon them. Signs of growing discontent with the rabid doctrines of this ‘Unscrupulous leader are already being manifested. In this connection we present the views of the Louisville Journal (l’rontioc’s paper) upon the present situation. It will be borne in mind that l’rentice was a con sistent and devoted Union man during our whole struggle, and that he contributed perhaps more than any one else in carrying the State of Kentucky with the Federal cause. He says: “ We but utter one of the most obvious of truths when we say that it is impossible for the North and the South to remain permanently or for any considerable time in their present relations to each other. Those relations are anomalous and un natural. They must inevitably change soon in one way or another. llow the change is to he wrought, and what is to he its character, time will reveal we cannot. Our anticipations are not joyous. * “There can be no doubt, that the South— oppressed, humiliated, treacherously wronged, cruelly disappointed in all her rational hopes and just expectations, treated contumelious]} 1 and in bad faith and beholding no reliable indication of future justice on the part of the North—is yielding gradually to the natural influences of strong and outrageous provocation. Iler resentment toward the North is con tinually growing deeper and more intense. Iter feeling in regard to that section is tending towards antipathy, and even re venge. Her dislike of those whom she considers her tyrants and despots is great er than it was a year ago and far greater than it. was two years ago. Her patience has been extraordinary, hut it has not proved indomitable. Though she is neither blustering nor noisy, the fire of her nature ' is not quenched. Every month she cares loss and less for restoration, and if' it. be de ferred for any long period, she will in all probability be utterly indisposed to accept it at all. The majority of the Northern people, if the radicals constitute the majority, arc blind. Prejudice and j assion have covered will- a thick film their sightless orbs. They cannot discern what the nation’s prosperity and safety require. The country's condi tion is at present most wretched. It is al most exact!' the condition, which, at terri ble sacrifices, we fought nearly four years to avert. We carried on war to prevent the Union from being divided, hut virtual ly and for nearly all practical purposes it it divided. A\ e are scarcely better off in respect to Union now than we should have been if the Confederates had won a triumph, established their independence, and accom plished all their purposes. If the existing state of affairs is to endure, all the sacrifices of the Avar were in vain. The ten excluded States arc of no benefit to us. We derive no advantage from our connection with them. Asa distant nation, they would, if a Southern natiou and Northern nation could keep the peace totvard each other, be as advantageous to us as they are now, if not far more so. Therefore, holding them as they are. we grossly wrong not only them but also ouriulves. The Texas Legislature have ad dressed a memorial to President Johnson in the name of the people of that State, 3's.ing for the release of their "fellow citizen Jefferson Davis. The memorial says : \ isit not further punishment upon the person ot him whose pardon we ear nestly entreat. The dark clouds of war which for four years enveloped our beloved ! country, have passed away. We antici pate much from the wise and prudent ad ministration of your Excellency. May we not entertain the hope that Jefferson Davis will be permitted to breathe once more the atmosphere of freedom —that he will again j be restored to that people who, having re i jenced with him in a period of prosperity, now sorrow for him in the hour of adrersi j ty ? As the crowning act of magnanimity of the great and chivalrous people whom you represent, release the prisoner, so that the \ fast vestige of animosity be listen the tico ' sections of oar common country may be re moved, and then the thrilling notes of glad ness will accompany the magic voice of peace. State Aid. Again.-A Railroad rorJiortli- East Georgia. Our Correspondent. Franklin. We have before u.-; a well written and sen.-ible article ou this subject, from an in telligent Georgian residing in the north eastern part of the State. His arguments are sound, acd his complaints reasonable and just. “ The State has chine nothing towards as.-istiug the people in this part of the State in developing their resources. “ The climate is salubrious and equable. The scenery with its mountains —Yonah, Currahce, Tray, and the spurs of the Blue Ridge ; and its Fails —Tuccoa, the Beauti ful, and Tallulah, the Terrible —are pic turesque. “The soil is at least as fertile as the Fine-woods.” “It is rich in min erals—-gold, copper, and iron; it abounds in fine mineral springs; it is a fine fruit country, and a good grazing country We admit that “ its agricultural produc tions of hay, wheat, oats and corn, are just such as will not bear wagon transpor tation, and. therefore, cannot compete with like supplies now brought from the North ; " we admit that “a vast majority of the people have now to haul their produce and supplies more than a hundred miles, and that some are even forced to go into an adjoining State—Anderson, S. C.; ” in fine, we admit the rc.-ult of the arguments a ithiouj '' AaV, thi. rc Aim. j»i!l reiguin paralyzed without aid, and will richly repay the State for aiding in its development.”— But we beg to remind our correspondent “ Franklin,” that while newspaper articles arc necessary and valuable to bring such questions before the public, they will not build railroads. Let the people of his section go to work, subscribe what they are able, and authorize their Inferior Courts to subscribe and to lay a specific tax to meet these, subscriptions—and then let them go before the Legislature for aid. The ques tion of Boute is not material now. Either route proposed will do; “ extend the Athens branch,” or “follow the route of the Savannah and its tributaries.” Let them show a disposition and an effort to aid themselves, and we are sure they will not fail. We promise hearty co-operation. Our correspondent may rely upon it, the Louisville & Knoxville Road will be built. Wc have the assurance from the lips of some of the first men in Louisville, ami wc have assurance of the stockholders of the Louisville & Nashville lload, in their an nual convention. A part 01. the road lias been completed, and grading is now being pushed to the Kentucky line. Wc beg our correspondent not to be disturbed by the Radicals, or about “what effect their action will have upon Southern credit and Southern lands.” Such matters regulate themselves. Besides, wc think the Radicals are already too much engaged. They have enough to and regulate Andy Johnson, and Grant, and Phil Sheridan, and Scdgewick, and Maximilian, and the Fenians, and Queen Victoria, and Louis Napoleon, and, above all. to divide the spoils among themselves without quarrel ling. If “ Franklin ” and the people -of his section are in earnest about this Road, and their development, let them show faith in work, and, properly organized, place their claim for aid before the next Legislature. “Franklin’s” communication came too late for the purpose designed. The Legis lature have agreed to adjourn on the 14th instant. The Augusta «fc Columbia Railroad. The legal voters of the city, by a formal ballot, having' politically instructed the City Council to subscribe for one hundred thousand dollars in the stock of this road, wc presume that it is the intention of that body to act promptly in the matter. Tn making this subscription, our city fathers would do well to insist upon certain guaranties which will prevent the manage ment of the road, after it is completed, for the exclusive or unfair benefit of any connecting road. Mure especially is this important in relation to the roads with which it will connect at Columbia. We learn that the Wilmington and Manchester road will, in all probability, upon the completion of this road, build a line direct from Sumter to Columbia. The contract between our City Council and the Augusta & Columbia road should secure to the Wilmington & Manchester Company thesamo rights and privileges, as a connect ing road, that arc given to any other line. The reasons for insisting upon a guaranty of this sort are obvious, when it is remem bered that the road from Columbia to Charlotte is under the control of the same officer, and to a considerable extent of the same influence® which has charge of the Columbia & Augusta road. Without some restrictions being placed upon them, it will he very easy for the management of the Charlotte road to give such direction to that of the Augusta road as will give the former the control of the business which maybe offered at Columbia. The interests ol’ Augusta, and indeed of the whole Country, require that the line from this place to Columbia should be open to all parties, upon equal terms. The Council are in a situation which enables them to insist upon such terms as will se cure this result. Wc believe that they will, in their negotiation with the Presi dent of the Columbia road, look carefully to this matter. Another suggestion has been made, which we think of great importance. It is that as the President and Directors of the Columbia road have the power to mort gage their road, if they should at any time find it to their interest to do so, Council should make such stipulations with the road as will secure the city's interest in case such mortgage should hereafter be made. There arc other matters connected with the proposed subscription, which doubtless will present themselves to the members of our municipal government, and receive proper consideration when they come to close the contract with the officer of the road. At present wc forbear to mention them. The removal of the remains of the Con federate dead from the Fair Grounds to the cemetery at Lexington, Virginia, took place on Saturday last. The ceremonies were very impressive. An eloquent dis course was delivered by the Rev. Dr. Pendleton, at the Presbyterian Church. The procession was composed of returned Confederate soldiers, bearing wreaths and evergreens, the corps of cadets of the A ir ginia Military Institute, the students of tlie Washington College and citizens generally. After the burial service had been read the returned Confederate soldiers filed past and threw upon the graves their wreaths and evergreens. General Robert E. Lee was present, but sought, as usual, the most quiet and unobtrusive place. Agricultural College of Massa chusetts. —It is reported that the Trus tees of the Agricultural College have given up the plan of having a single large struc ture, and will erect various small buildings each with a special purpose. They have voted to build between now and Septem ber 1, 1367, a brick edifice with dormitory accommodations for fifty students, aud four recitation rooms, surmounted by a tower with a clock; a chemical laboratory, a boarding house, a model barn, and a house j for the President, all of .wood. Their ag gregate cost is estimated at $65,000. It is hoped to have the college fairly in opera tion next autumn. The 1 hhadelphia Councils have agreed to report a tax rate of four dollars on each eno hundred of assessed valuation for the year 1867. This will make it necessary for the city to increase its permanent debt about one and a half millions to meet de ficiencies. AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 19, ISG6. OIK WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENCE. Tlie designs Ur Southern Oppression—He l-eai of a Juvt amt wise Measure-- flic Radical Banquet a. i’retuite to I.egisla— ti'Hi—A Michigan Senator tor AVar— Washington book et! lar Negro Sullrage— 'lcvtni. linking an opposition in his nun Hant.- —The charges agalnsi President .lohiiMin—Bauf.vell on the Surratt ar rest—The Cabinet and <l»id Nunes— The proposed Reconstruction lor the SmiJirrn states, etc., etc. Washington', December V If any evidence wa? required to prove that tiie States, south of the Potomac need expect nothing from Congress in the way of a recognition oi their rights, it was furnished yesterday, -and to-day. in thp pro nii-cuons business which lias characterized the opening hours of the session. Iho great majority of the bills presented so far. hare for their object, the assumption by Con gress, of all potver now in the hands ot the Executive; and none illustrates more for cibly this disposition, than the bill offered by I'lr. Elliot, of Massachusetts, to repeal that Section of the act. “to punish rebellion and for othcK,purpo-s- . which authorized the President to ext- nd pardon and amnes ty. ■ The passage of this bill, by a suspen sion of the rules on the very tir*«. dwfr of the session, is something entirely withoui precedent in the anals of legislation, but it is in strict keeping with other radical de signs, some of which have already been made public, v.hilc others are'yet behind the curtain. Tlie radical banquet* which came off according to announcement last night, at the notorious Fair building on Pennsylvania avenue, is regarded as a prelude to the pirit of legislation this winter. The toasts and sentiments had been all prepared in advance, and each representative radical whose co-operation was necessary in ma king a semi-official declaration of what the policy of Congress should be, was duly informed of the programme selected for the entertainment, and the part he was to play. Thad. Stevens was the leading character, and entered right heartily into his usual sarcastic abuse of the President, for which he received tlie plaudits of about four hundred listeners. Contrary to ex pectation, no negroes were present. That class of the population took active part in the demonstration during the day time, but their presence was found not desirable at tlie board, around which their merits were extolled, and their rights, suffrage, social equality, etc., demanded at night. Senator Chandler, of Michigan, has been notorious for his peculiar relish l'or “blood letting,” a system of curing national dis eases for which he has heretofore expressed his regard. He generally manages, how ever, to keep out of the flow, and avas never knorvn to don tlie shoulder-straps. The stock in trade of this Senator now is a war with France, to vindicate tlie Monroe doctrine; .but it is very possible that the action of the committee on foreign rela tions upon the subject of our relations with France, will tend to allay very much the belligerent notions of the successor of General Cass. Negro suffrage is Very certain to be inau gurated in this District at the next munici pal election. The Radicals in Congress and in the departments who do not recog nize Washington as their homes, arc ex tremely anxious to degrade the citizens, and claim that the bright example of negro suffrage could be set in no more fitting place than the capital of the nation. The negroes t hemselves arc elated at the pros pect of voting, and there is no doubt but that additional hundreds of them will flock here as pilgrims to a shrine, so soon as the intelligence reaches them that the measure of universal suffrage in the District of Co lumbia has become a law The disposition of the majority of Radi cal Congressmen here is not to give way entirely to i'had. Stevenson I he reconstruc tion question. lie is violently opposed to the Constitutional Amendment, and will accept nothing from the Southern States as a guaranty of their restoration to tlie Union short of the complete privilege of the elective franchise to every negro within their limits Other prominent Republicans say that as they went before the country on the subject of the Constitutional Amend ment, they must abide by the popular ap proval ol'that measure, and Stevens wall hardly have a baker’s dozen to bear him up. He will not be found wanting in sar casm and ire ; and will do his best this winter to rule tlie household which lias heretofore willingly accepted his guidance. .There seems no doubt that the charge which lias heretofore been set up of' the complicity of President Johnson in the as sassination of President Lincoln, is to be tortured if possible into something more serious than formerly. The endeavor will be to make him an accessory after the fact, and the main point of the contempti ble reasoning will be in the arrest of John Surratt, whose whereabouts it is claimed, has not, been out of the knowledge of the Government for many months. Mr. Boutwell, of Massachusetts, who was for merly Governor of that State, and who was the first Commissioner of the Internal Reveuue Department, is the party who calls for imformation upon the subject, and there is every reason to believe that, if the slightest ground can be shown to exist upon which he can frame articles of im peachment against the President it will be resorted to. The Radicals will use their best endeavors to make this ground. Cabinet rumors are revived. The quid nuncs to-night have it that Setvard is to retire in favor of his son Frederick Setvard Esq., while others as positively assert that Revedy Johnson, of Maryland, is to suc ceed him. There is very little truth in either report at present. No one has the hardihood to hint at. Mr. Stantons retire ment, notwithstanding it was so widely declared that ho was only awaiting the conclusion of his report to Con gress to leave tlie War Department and the country at the same time. Per haps Avhen Lieutenant-General Sherman gets through advising minister Campbell how to regulate matters on the Mexican frontier, and returns to Washington, there may be a change. It is asserted on good grounds that the President tvas anxious that Sherman should take the reius of the War Department some months ago, but military reasons prevented at that time. Tlie resolution introduced to-day by Rep resentative Broomall, ol' Pennsylvania, in structing the Judiciary Committee to in quire into the expediency of reporting a bill wiiicb shall provide for the reduction of the Southern States to a territorial con ditior. had the entire radical support, wit h one or two exceptions—among these were Mr. Dodge, who succeeded in ousting lion. James Brooks at the last session, and Mr. Stillwell, of Indiana, who has always been recognized us being somewhat disposed to conservatism, although bis vote on certain measures during the last session would seem to contradict this impression. Hungry as pirants for office arc watching this pro gramme with intense solicitude. If ulti timately becomes alaw —and its advocates claim that there is no power which can prevent—the effect upon the country will be very disastrous. An army of colored troops will be maintained in the South, and the people taxed heavily to sustain them and the avliitc officials avlio will come into service under the pro- isions of any such measure. The whole idea is in strict keeping avitli the great majority of plans presented to revise the machinery of the nation. Negro suffrage—universal negro suffrage i* at the bottom of it, and all things else are to be made subservient. That is the one grand theme of tills Congress, and upon that basis everything else tends. Perhaps popular reflection can change the current of events; but the question is, mav it not come too 1-tte ? The weather at present is balmy and delightful, and so far the sessions of Con gress have been attended daily by audiences more respectable in numbers than other wise. as a general tiling. Os course the colored population is naturally attracted to the galleries in large numbers. The reconstruction, or obstruction Com mittee which was revived to-day in the House will commence its operations in the same manner as at the last session, and will consider some of,the mutiludinous hills and resolutions referred to it at that period. It is not improbable that at the last of the session they will introduce some other monstrous measure for the considera tion of the country. If Stevens holds fast his power over its members, there is no doubt of such a result. There will be a fight on the -Subject of a repeal of the cotton tax. It is not thought that the members who were so anxious to have the duty on that staple fixed at five cents last winter, will consent to its aboii.-h --ment now altogether. Much depends, however, on the disposition of the Commit tee on Ways and Means. Piston appears to-night as Mary Stuartt, in the Italian version of that piac. The display of bonnets and fashionable etceteras at these performances is very striking. No less prominent is the study ot the Lib retto. Her audiences, notwithstanding this city is thought during the winter to be the great centre of intelligence and refinement, do not seem particularly to appreciate tragedy in Italian. At the same time, she draws crowded houses. Arlington. Rev. Pr. Pix. of New York, said in a late sermon, that he could mention an in surance companv with a property of $44,- 000,000, and at le'ast three individuals in th.tr city who were worth $50,000,000 each. INTERNAL REVENUE. Report of Commissioner Rollins—llow and VVbere our Knormus Taxes are Raised —The Principal Sources of Revenue. Commissioner Rollins makes his annual report on the internal revenue of the Gov ernment, addressed to Secretary McCul loch dated Washington, Nov. JO, 1860. The Commissioner explains : “J have delayed the preparation of my annum report for the fiscal ! 806, some what past the time whin required by law, in order, ui avail myself ot the latest re turns from the offices of tlie several col lection districts, and so pivsent so far as possible, some of the results? of the law as amended by the act ol Jjdy I-A, which mainly took effect ou tho Ist of August last : He says that “With the single excep tion of the relief of parafiuj* oil and crude petroleum from tax by the joint resolution or May 1866, the receipts of the last fiscal -year were from the law as amended by the act of" March 1865. For the first timer therefore, in the history of the office, tlie tabular statement comprised in it.-, an nual report substantially exhibit the pro ceeds, front various sources^ of statutes ex isting through an entire year. The aggre gate amount is considerably in excess of the estimate at the date ot »y last report, and, as I have reason to believe, of the estimate of others av ho had g*'M! thought to tiie subject and were mast sanguine of the successful operation w. This excess came largely from STiiufactures si'.liri’.ati i by tin markets, and from cOttonpnMrnWic i w*fc( was a greater supply than was anticipated. The amount itself is tut far short of the revenue for the two years next proceeding, and very considerably in excess of the British revenue for tiie gear i 866 from cus toms, excise, stamps,, property tax and post-office. Indeed, tie entire revenues of the Empire exceeded those of this office only in the sum of $2?,000,000. The Commissioner remarks that the aggregate receipts ofiuterrial revenue Avcre for the years: ISS) f1W.145,748 5) lKf.j 211,)29,W9 17 ISCr, i 3109afi,551 II These amounts include drawback upon goods exported aid amounts refunded as erroneously assessed and collected, but are exclusive of the dgect tax upon lands, and the duty upon th{ circulation and deposits of national bauki These amounts are as follows: Drawback. Ain’t ref tied ISS) ,FiR;.4:Z 00 *217,170 31 | nr, «H«SS as «-’.734 38 ISUi 708.816 73 514.844 43 RECEIPTS FIOAI SPECIAL SOURCES. The amount! received from several of the most impowant sources of' revenue are presented: Bank*. Trust Vanipanics and Saving Insti tutions. 1864. 1865. J 866. Dividend and addi tions to suirlu*.. fl.si 1.010 V. *3,08?,209 GT> 052 72 Circulation 2.OT>b.OHO :» I.MKWi Si 11 Deposit* 780,7-3 68 2,013.811 OH 2,000,(535 83 Capital 003,307 B 8 37i,0?l 11 During the year 1864 the tax upon di vidends was three per centum, wlidc in 1865 and 1866 it was five per centum. The tax upon circulation and deposits avas increased for the last two years. Tlie diminution of the receipts is duo to the conversion of the State banks into national associations, which pay the tax upon their capital, circulation and deposits to the Treasurer of the Unite# States. Capital was first taxed by the Act of June 30, 1864. RAILROADS. 1864. 1865. 1866. Dividends *927,393 3S SD.ITO.SiIi (-0 $2,295,804 45 interest, on bonds.. 590,859 19 847,688 04 1,255,910 98 The receipts for 186-j were from the tax at three per centum ;jthose for the two subsequent years at five percentum. INSURANCE COMPANIES. 1861. ‘1863. 1866. Dividends ami ad«M tions to surplus $4 >5,366 1* *714,658 38 *767,33112 Premiums and as sessments 533,583 41 061 502 91* 1,169,722 23 The taxation of dividends of insurance companies during these three years was the same as that of balks. The tax upon the g»3s receipts of pre miums and assesssmenfs was one per cen tum for the year f 864; afterward it was one and one-half per centum. SALARIES or PERSONS EMPLOYED IN THE SERVICE OP TIIE UNITED STATES. 1864 $1,706,124 631 lujl *3,747,894 66 1865 2,828,334 371 The tax was three per rentum for the year 1864, subsequently foe, and was uni formly imposed upon the excess of com pensation above the rate of S6OO per an num. REVENUE STATES. 1864 : $6894,915 14 1885 11.162,392 14 1866 45,044,373 18 The receipts of 1865 were increased by additions to the stamp schedules under the act of 1864, and those of j 866 above those of 186-5 by tlie use of stamps in tho States prior to that time in rebellion. During the last year the sum of si k’,442 03 has been received from the sale f line cent stamps, and that of $3,503,465 jf'or stamps from special dies for matches /perfumery, cos metics, medicines and other proprietary articles. Tho double penalty imposed by iaw is a great security to its faithful ob servance. Because of the invalidity of an unstamped instrument, the party receiv ing it, and to whom it may boos value, is likely to insist upon tiie attachment of the appropriate stain)). It is this pen alty upon the receiver which especially en forces tho_ requirements of the statute. The Commissioner says they have been more generaily regarded during tlie past year than in any one preceding. Licenses yielded in 1864, $7,145,388 71 ; 1865, $.12,598,681 25; 1866, $18,015,743 32. The increase of receipts in 1865 was due to the increased classes of persons subject to charge under the act of 1864 ; to the in crease of the license duty upon several kinds of business, and to tho reassessment of wholesale dealers under the same statute. The increase in 1866 arose especially from the operations of the law over that portion of the South from which, prior to t hat time, it had been shut out by the rebel lion. THE INCOME TAX. The income tax yielded in 1804, $14,919,- -79 58 ; 1805, $20,567,359 20; 1866, $60,- 894,135 85. The annual list, so called, comprises schedule A, licenses and income. The receipts of the fiscal year, 1864, were mainly from the annua! assessments of 1863 upon the income of 1862. Receipts of 1865 were from the income of 1863, and those of 1866 largely from that of 1864. Os the collections in 1864, $6,913,834 88 were from incomes taxed at five per centum, $7,030,070 77 at three per centum and $75,373 93 atone ami one-halfper centum. Os those of 1865 $801,941 69 were return ed at ten per centum, $9,934,758 55 at five per centum, $9,697,246 96 at three per centum and $133, 66 at one and one half per centum. Os the receipts in the fiscal year 1866, $26,570,809 58 were at five per centum and $34,501,122 67 at ten per centum. The country is now divided into 240 col lection districts. From 185 of them the desired returns have been received. Os them $39,953,440 51 collected in the Unit ed States up to November I—as reported to the office by the several c011ect0r5534,705,726 $34,705,726 16, or nearly 87 per cetum of the entire amount, was assessed in these ISS districts ; and of the persons who were assessed in these districts 190,1 >9 return ed an income of less than SI,OOO ; 162,513 of more than s],oooand not more than $5,000; and 31,009 of over $5,000. These sums were.all in excess of SOOO exempt by law from . taxation. This ratio will be changed somewhat when the lull returns are in, as a greater proportion of the largest incomes arc acquired in the older States. The whole amount received from the tzx upon incomes since the passage of the law of 1862, aud including the collections dur ing • the present fiscal year, and already reported to this office, is $164,865,018 05. OTTHER TAXES. The taxes on iron and steel in the various forms which are specially named in the law yielded in 1864, $3,624,168 49 : 1865, $9,- 218,809 63; 1866, $13,278,133 36. The tax upon these articles was increased at every session of Congress until the last, when it was very largely reduced. The increased receipts were due not more to the increase of production than to the ad ditional number of articles made taxable and the increase of the duties upon those previously taxed. Taxes on refined petroleum and coal oil yielded in 1854. $2,255,32S 80; 18-65, $3,- 047,212 77; 1866, $5,317,396 05. Re fined petroleumn paid 10 cents per gallon, and distilled coal oil 8 cents, until June So. 1864, when the rates were respectively changed to 20 cents and 15 cents. The re ceipts from these articles, it will be seen, are rapidly advancing, indicating their largely increasing consumption. Cigars and cheroots yielded a revenue in 15640f $1.255,424 79; 1865, $3,0i2,476 56: 1866, $3,474,438 94. During the year 1864 and for ten months of the year 1865, the receipts were from specific- taxes, graduated by the different values of the cigars. These taxes were largely advanced in 1 -64. and by the act of March 3, 1865, a uniform rate was imposed of $lO per thousand. The receipts alter May 1, of that year, were al most entirely from that tax. Chewing aud smoking tobacco yielded in 1864, $7,086,- 684 74 ; 1865, $8,617,020 63 f 1866, $14,- 339,921 93. The tax upon smoking to bacco was increased from 5 to 25 cents per pound in June, 1864, and to 35 in March, 1865, except upon that made exclusively of stems, which remained at 25 cents. Fine cut chewing and plug mainly paid 15 cent., per pound, until June, 1864; after thats 35, until March, 1865, when the tax was increased to 40 cents. The production on taxable tobacco in 1863 was 23,680,056 pounds; that of 1864. was 63,372,426 pounds, of which more than 10,000,000 pounds were returned in June, to avoid the additional duty under the new latv then shortly to take effect; that of J 865 was 36,639,020 pounds; and that of 1 866, 35,- 748,351 pounds. Large quantities of to bacco manufactured in the ,Soutli before the war and during its progress were thrown upon the market during the past year, to tlie great derangement of trade and the embarrassment of regular manufacturers. Regulations, so far as consistent with the law, were adopted by the Department for the collection oftlie required duties when this tobacco came in competition with that which had paid tho tax, but its sale and consumption in the South wore permitted without charge. That manufactured and removed* from the place of manufacture prior to Sept. J, 1862, was, of course, not anywhere subject to tax, and it was this which so seriously disturbed the interests of mauuiac urers. It has now, however, nearly, if not altogether, disappeared from the market, and most of the tobacco which is now consumed secures revenue to the Government. Largely increased receipts’ arc looked for from this soupce. Fermented liquors yielded in. ip'64, 4fi-’, 223,919 73 ; 1865, $4,357,181 06; 1866, $5,115,140 49. During the year 1865-66 the tax was $ 1 per barrel. The collections for ten months of the year 1864 wore at tlie rate of 60 cents. This increase for the year 1866 came both from increased consump tion and from improved thoroughness in the operation ol' the la-v. Distilled spirits yielded in 1864, $28,431,797 83; 1855, $15,955,701 66; 1860, $29,198,578 15. In 1864 the tax was 20 cents per gallon, until March 7 of that year, when it was raised to 60 cents. From July 1, 1864, to January 1, 1865, it was $ I 50, and afterwards $2. Much of the consumption of 1865 was of spirits distilled in previous years, in an ticipation of increased tax. The receipts during the several months of the last fiscal year were as follows : July, $352,252 15; August, $267,457 88; September, $755,- 662 06; October, $1,366,025 23 ; Novem ber, $3,067,165 80; December, $3,763,- 259 71 ; January, $3,753,393 91; Febru ary, $3,654,700 47 ; March, $2,951,34344. April, $3,086,176 27; May, $3,036,954 69, June, $3,144,186 54. During the cur rent fiscal year the receipts were in July, s3,Of 5,598 30; August, $2,597,645 50; September, $3,054,227 50 ; October, (so far as reported,) $2,502,943 32. These amounts are all exclusive of tlie tax upon spirits distilled from apples, peaches and grapes. From this it appears that the total receipts from distilled spirits for the year from November 1, 1865, to November f, 1866, were $37,627,595 45. COLLECTION OF REVENUE. The expense of collecting the revenue is $7,689,700 46. This is less than 21 per centum of the total receipts, exclusive of drawback and sums refunded as erroneous ly collected. The percentage of expense is less than that for the previous year, be cause the receipts were largely increased without 1 a corresponding increase in the cost of collection. RECEIPTS FOR THE FISCAL YEAR. The probable receipts for the present fiscal year are next referred to. A tabular statement of the receipts during tho months of July, August and September, of 1864, 1865 and 1866, as shown by the certificates of deposit which reached this office during those months, respectively, is submitted : Receipts in 1861. | 186.5 1866 Julv ' lb $27,07: JUG UJ August , 1.5,712.066 81 84,<>87,.58!) 08 83,043,640 81 September. 15,819,770 72 37,939,115 32 38,714,718*10 Total $48,102,385 9.5 *1*3,720,425 66 $98,827,162 85 In this connection the receipts from sev eral large sources of revenue for the first quarter of the present fiscal year 1866, may be regarded as important. The returns are not fully received from all the Collec tors at tho time of my writing. They are required monthly from each of the 240 Collectors—in all 720 for the quarter—and all but 22 arc included in the following statement: July. Augint Ju.y, Ang. RECEIPTS from and Sept. and Sept. <7lothing, including hoots and s'noes and other articles of dre.«s 414,893,163 2?'*2,854,461 19 Cloths ami all textile or knit ted fabrics made ofcotton. 2,429,243 521 2,578,089 95 Cloth and all textile or knit ted faurics made of wool.. 2,555,703 82 | 1,830,849 47 Raw cotton. 3,083,597 24' 1.506..5-16 03 Fermented liquors 1,225,377 19 1,585,002 SU Spirits distilled from apples, peaches and grapes 51,233 71 72,918 81 Spirits distilled from other materials 1,312,871 19 8,667,471 80 lvelincd petroleum and coni oil 1,058,517 74 761,606 65 Cigars, cigarettes, and che roots SI 1,060,631 lb Tobacco, smoking and chew ing.... 2.014,756 15 3,325,178 07 Snutt 129.395 69 181,109 11 Other manufactures and pro ductions not enumerated above 13.190,467 17 13.751,106 65 Grosareceipts of railroad, in surance, express and tele graph companies, fee 2,614,799 42 2,334,231 40 Legacies 122,546 49 245,868 75 Successions 16,663 83i 104,345 60 Incomes over sfUiOO arid not over $5,000 * 17,309,231 85 15,252,846 78 Incomes over S6OO and over I *5.000 24,275,763 06 20,319,389 79 Stamps ill all districts 3,010,135 37 3,908,472 07 From a careful consideration of all tho facts in his possession, the Commissioner believes that the receipts of the fiscal year 1 t>t>7 will reach the sum of $285,000,000. Ncav embarrasment and obligations should never be laid upon tax-payers unless posi tively demanded for the necessary protec tion of themselves and the revenue from fraud. Months arc required by revenue officers especially those remote from the central offices for learning the new require ments of a statute, and it cannot be ex pected that those whose attention is not devoted to its study and administration should earlier ascertain all that may he required of them. That ignorance is no defence for violation has become a maxim, yet it is believed it would be unjust, as it certainly would he impracticable, to ad minister the Internal Revenue laws, changed as they have been in some way at every session ol'Congress since their first enactment., without reorganizing a differ ence in tho obligations of the ignorant and of those educated in their requirements. It is for this reason that permanence in the letter as well as in the spirit oftlie statutes is desirable, so that fewer obstacles may in terfere between its enfringeinent and its penalty. When longer experience, and a settled condition of the business of the country, shall have perfected the revenue laws so that they will require little or no mo dification ignorance, will not be urged even in extenuation, justice will be more fully sat isfied, and the treasury receive more nearly its dues by holding the delinquent and the guilty to the fines, penalties, for feitures and imprisonments of’the statutes almost invariably as to tho payment of their taxes. Until then the guilty will some times escape, the ignornant not unf’re quentl.v suffer, and a majority of tax-pay - ! ers bear more than what should he their distributive share of the public burden. Many of the suggestions I shall make, therefore, with reference to changes in the i existing hi tv, will look mainly to relief from j those provisions whose advantage to the reveuue I do not believe commensurate ; avitli their inconvenience and annoyance : to the public.” MAKING RETURN’S. The Commissoner recommends a change of time lor making returns, under the annual list, and gives his reasons at length. He recommends that returns for the annual list, including the registry lor the special tax, be required on the first .Monday of March in each year, and the tax be made payable on the 30th day of April following. Stamp duties arc treated of in a recom mendatory style. The Commissioner favors the reduction of the number of taxable articles as the most practical mode of a Hording relief to tax payers. THE DIRECT TAX. The collection of direct taxes in the States which were lately in insurrection was con tinued through the last fiscal year and thereafter, until, under the authority of the 14th section of the act of July 28, 1866, it was suspended by the order of the Secre tary of the Treasury, bearing date from the 3d day of August following. No lands have been sold for unpaid taxes since the suspension of such sales by order ol the Secretary of the Treasury, issued May I<, 1865.* i'he following is an abstract from the report of the several commissioners, so far as received at the office, of their re ceipts and expenditures since June 30, 1866 : State*. j|.££ I g Virginia. . 033 S'- >1 836,766 r>2 *onh «.’aro*uui 7*4 bi? 63 56 > outh Carolina. .. 13 93 45. 17- 52 11 • 4 Florida m ?J)52 33 10/hi to 4->ouifiiana. '’43-.W4 12 2“,21 : 62 I**" . iwC«T! V -•*- » itaLeMc* 215 62i 57 lv r %» oi It is noted that the State of Delaware is the only one loyal during the war, except West Virginia, of which mention will be made hereafter, which did not assume its distnbuti\’e share of the direct tax of $20,- 000,000 apportioned to it under the act of August 5, 1861. The amount apportioned to Delaware A\ y as $74,08.') 33, and it was supposed that the same would be allowed when the State adjusted its military ac counts with the General Government. U pon the refusal of that State, however, during the late fiscal year to authorize the payment of the tax, the Internal Revenue officers of the district were instructed to proceed with its assessment and collection under the power conferred upon them by section forty-seven of the act of June 30 1804. 'i lie assessment upon the lands of tin' State, commenced several months ago, has progressed so far that collections of the tax wijl very shortly be made. The posi tion ot N\ est Virginia with reference to the direct tax law is a peculiar one. The ap portionment to Virginia of $!>37,550 53 avas made before West \ irginia was created out of a portion of that State; and while the direct tax commissioners have prosecuted their labors in \ irginia in conformity with the act of 18til, W est \ irginia lias not been authorized to assume her apportion ment, nor indeed, has its amount been properly determined. Its officers audits representatives in both branches ol' Con gress have expressed their readiness to dis charge their obligations whenever they arc properly established. The apportionment should be made by act of Congress at its next session, and the privclnge of its as sumption by the State he given as in other cases. In treating of the income tax. the Com missioner pertinently remarks: “ltw*s, count?, the * purpose tof the ■iuA\ exempt so much of ona’s income as tvas, demanded by his actual necessities. Six hundred dollars was believed to be the minimum expense of such at the time of tlie passage of tho first law. Since then the internal tax upon commodities, the increase of customs duty, and the depre ciation of the currency, have wrought an almost universal advance in j 'rices, and I believe the same reason notv exists for the increase of the amount of exemption which at first secured any exemption whatever.” He favors an increase of the amount of income exempted, from S6OO to $.1,000. Should this change he made, lie holds that there should be a corresponding amend ment to that portion of the law relating to tax ujioii salaries of persons employed in the service of tho General Government. The present income law expires by limita tion in 1870. The Commissioner closes by observing that “the immense revenue of the last fiscal year was raised with probably less pressure upon the people than that of smaller amounts in previous years. Tlieir enterprise and spirit of accumulation have prevented tho depression of business which ordinarily attends heavy taxation. Their means for the ultimate extinction of the national debt arc rapidly multiplying from the increase of population and the constant development of new sources of wealth. The reduction of taxes will stimulate pro duction, and in a lew years the national debt will cease to be an object of anxiety or even annoyance to a great and united people. ’ ’ OUt WASHINGTON (JOItUKSPONHENOE. A Radical I'.xo'dus—Private Investigating Parties— Business in the Committee Rooms— Raymond’s Humiliation —Ste- vens liis Persistent liuemy—Tlie Con servatives on the Situation—They are disposed to give rope to the Radicals— Uneasiness of some of the Jacobins— Universal Suffrage vs. the Constitutional Amendment—Etc., Etc. Washington, December 7. Since Congress adjourned yesterday, as many of the members of both houses as could conveniently leave Washington have started for other localities; many of them for their homes, where they go on private investigating tours, to ascertain how mat ters are being managed in their respective districts. Some few of them have made their appearance at the White House, to day and yesterday, generally with regard to removals and appointments which have been made during the recess. Their in formation on tliis score, hoAvever, is more easily obtained at tho Departments where the record) have been kept, and whore radical clerks note every point that comes under their observation, for the purpose of detailing to tlie members from their re spective districts the recommendations and circumstances attending every appointment. The senators and representatives who have remained in Washington arc particu larly busy at the committee-rooms of tlie capitol. Innumerable projects are being considered, many of which will he promul gated Avhen Congress rc-assemblcs next week. Mr. Raymond, doubtless, feels humilia ted. Stevens persists in reading him out of the party, and cannot be brought to admit that there is stamina enough in tlie representative from New York to entitle him to re-admission to the radical ranks, where he is earnestly petitioning to lie re ceived. His influence on either side is not regarded as being of any particular value. The Conservatives—and when T say Con servative of course is meant the party who endorse the action of the late Philadelphia Convention —by their Representatives in Congress here seem to have agreed among themselves to give Stevens and his party a sufficient length of rope to hang with, and at present it. appears that a very feeble opposition will be made to the wild, mad schemes which have been presented and referred to the various Committees. Al ready seeds of disaffection have become apparent and it was on this account that the more rabid members of the Jacobin element—Sumner and Chandler in the Sqnate, with Stevens and Boutwell in the House —aided by others equally notorious as loud talkers and poor combatants, ’Acre so anxious to proceed to tho hasty passage of certain bills of a revolutionary character which have been introduced in the Senate, particularly has tiiere been discovered a disposition not to rush matters to a hasty conclusion. Cooler heads among them are looking at the perpetuation of tho party and sec in the culminating point of ex ti'cme measures a decided breach in their organization. For this purpose they are stroimou : ’y endeavoring to prevent an abandonment of tho constitutional amendment in favor of universal suffrage, which Stevens and Chandler are now actively urging. Upon the question of reducing the States south of (he Potomac to the condition of Ter ritories, there has not yet been sufficient discussion to ascertain the views of the majority of Ihe radical party ; but it is hardly to be doubted that the demands of their caucus night before last will be left unsatisfied. Some of those who deplore most earnestly any sign of discontent al ready begin to wince at that dogma ; but Stever.s holds the reins, and it seems prob able that for this session, or until the moral antipathy to so much outrage shall develop itself, he will have, by dint of' scolding and cursing, the recalcitrants who may show their opposition to him, sufficient' power to force his measures down their throats. Ho tells his friends that lie is determined to continue the head arid front oftlie Radical concern, and there is hut little reason to doubt that, for tlie first few weeks of this session, at least, he will. Arlington. Mr. Boutwell and the President. —Noticing the fact that -Mr. Boutwell, of Massachusetts, was the only man in the Republican caucus, last Saturday night, who talked about impeaching the Presi dent, and hinted that the Chief Magistrate connived at the escape of Surratt, &e., the Albany Ecening Journal calls for an immediate investigation, that so serious a charge may at once be cither confirmed or disproved. The Journal says : Mr. Boutwell is unfortunately known as a man of impulsive and violent temper ament, and his inextinguishable hatred i'or the President may have made him willing to accept of hearsay gossip against that officer, and give it the weight of a semi official assertion. Rut the subject matter is one that cannot be lightly passed over. Not only the individual character of Mr. Johnson is concerned, but the honor of the American people. If it is true that the Chief Magistrate has aided in screening one of the assassins of his predecessor, then he is unfit to hold his office, from which he should be hurled with indignation, and held amenable to the criminal laws of the country. If ho is innocent, then the fact ought to be made speedily to appear, and Mr. Boutwell should learn that it does not lie in the mouth of a member of Congress, nor any other mar,, to bruit such charges against the first official representative of the nation, without competent proof. From either point of view, an immediate and most thorough investigation is impera tively demanded. Col. Geo. Leger Grenfell.—The Florida Legislature have passed a resolu tion requesting Gov. Walker, and the Congressional Delegation from that State, to use their influence in behalf of the L. S. prisoners confined at Dry Tortugas, and especially to bring to the notice of the President the ease of Col. George St. Leger Grenfell confined for life by the sentence of a military commission. NEW SERIES, VOL. XXY. NO. 52 ; Message of the Governor of Virginia. Richmond, Ya., Dec. 4. —Gov. Pier pout s message slioavs the public debt of \ irginia, with the interest funded, to bo j over $43,000,000. There are 136 regi ments of militia of the line, of which number 107 have been organized. The remaing 29 regiments are in process of organization, He recommends an amendment to the la\A- so as to direct the further stay of exe cutions upon the payment, by the debter, of the imprest and twenty-five per cent.* of the, principal, within ninety days from tlie Ist of January, 1868, at Avhioh time the present stay law expires, and a like sum, with the interest, each ensuing year. lie says the subject of labor is attracting great attention in that State. The people must first depend upon tlie native labor now in the Commonwealth, white ana colored. This is to be encouraged by the repeal of oppressive laws. By the en couragement es common schools, and by fair Avages and kind treatment, the negro ought t 5 have a fair chance, and he should be tried hopefully. The next hope for labor, be says, is from foreign countries. Tho Governor discusses tiie constitu tional amendment, remarking that tlie people of tlie Soutli ought not again to be beguiled by the promises of professed allies and friends at tho North. Tlie Con gressional party is composed of a large class, the equals in wealth and intelligence I of the leaders of the party of the President. It embraces the flower and strength of both the old political parties in the Northern ! States, brought together by the late Avar, gpfcnow a common senti moni and sytjff.'ithy. It ivill Jiedbrfie stronger for many yoars to come. This may be termed the dominant party, led by the ardent and cultivated intellects now represented in Congress. The Governor says: “The practical question for your consideration notv is, whether, by the rejection of the proposed constitutional amendment, you are likely •to place the people of our State in a better condition. If the views I have presented be correct, there is no hope of better terms. It is argued that it would be dishonorable to accept the terms offered in the amend ment. I think this objection is not sub stantial. There was no political power acquired by the surrender of the Confede rate armies. The terms Avere as to the soldier, the surrender of his arms, “giving his parole that he would go to his home and remain there peaceably until exchanged, as a prisoner of war. or released from his parole. The officers had more liberal terms granted them, but these terms were only such as applied to a prisoner of war in a military point of view. This position is fully confirmed by the fact that after one of the Federal commanders had attempted to give a political status to a largo division of the insurgent army, the political features of the treaty was ordered to bo stricken out by the Government at Washington.” “In another place he says : “The peo pled'these States, as a conquered nation, or as individuals who have forfeited their political rights by rebellion, are still under the ban oftlie Government, or in the potv cr of the conqueror. “In the case of nations at war, the con queror dictates the terms of peace. In the case of subjects engaged in rebellion, when the rebellion is subdued the Government enforces or jnitigrtis the penalty. The terms of tlie conqueror in this case on the penalties fixed by tlie Government are em bodied in the proposed amendment. In a review of the ease there can be no disgrace incurred by the acceptance of the terms proposed, because they are proposed by a powerful Government to the people of States disarmed and unable to resist its authority. “The disqualifications proposed, practi cally, do not go to the army that surren dcrud at Appomatox Court House. I sup pose not five per cent, of the individuals who composed that army will be affected by toe proposed constitutional amendment. “There were, perhaps, more able bodied Virginians in the irftate, who were detailed or exempted in one way or another from military service, than were bearing arms on that day. The disqualifications will fall chiefly on this class. They ought not to complain, because they did not expose tlieir persons in the strife to realize victory in a war they so largely contributed to inaugu rate. Tliey were few at Appomattox who had been active in bringing on the war.” Loss of Uie Stemsiiip Smvance. The steamship Sincance, from New York for Brazos Santiago, having encount ered much heavy weather and put into the Delaware Breakwater, afterward left that point to continue her voyage, and on the night of the 3d inst., off Georgetown, S. C., experienced a terrible gale from southeast, during Avhich she foundered, all hands taking to three boats, two of which were soon after picked up by the brig Potomac,. from this port for Georgetown, S. S., and carried to that point. Tlie captain’s boat, containing himself and fourteen-others,, has not, been heard from. The officers anil men who were saved by tlie Potomac ar rived here yesterday by the steamer Fannie, Captain Davis, from Georgetown, S. C. The following report has been furnished us by the supercargo, Mr. J. Fred Schultz : Charleston News, 7 tli. LOSS OF THE STEAMER SUAVANEE. The steamship Suwanec, J. W. Cath arine master, left New York on the 27th November, bound to Brazos Santiago, with a heavy freight—-the vessel being loaded down—with her guards under water. The weather was moderate until after pas sing Absecom Light, when the wind fresh ened from S. and W., with a head sea. While standing down for Cape Henlopcn, bound for the breakwater, Delaware, the steamer struck on tho shoal off Hereford Inlet. Finding it impossible to get her off without lightening, we threw over about 200 eases of heavy goods, avhen she floated off. We then ran for the Breakwater and anchored. After taking in some freight there, avo put to sea on the 30th, with a strong westerly wind. Nothing occurred up to the night oftlie 3d December. When off the South Carolina coast, running down for Cape Romain Light, a heavy gale set in from the S. and E., the wind and sea increasing, until at midnight it blew a hurricane, the ship laboring heavily, fre quently falling off into tlie trough of the sea, taking in water over the hurricane deck. From this time up to 5. A. M. the water gained rapidly. Tho steam and hand pumps were kept agoing, and efforts made to tighten her by throwing o\ - er cargo. At 5. A. M. the water was within twelve inches of the fires, and the firemen up to their waist in water, trying to keep the five agoing. At 6 o clock, finding the shi)) must go down, got out the boats and launched them safely, although the sea was running very heavy. All the ship’s company left her in safety, and about an hour after avu saw her go down. After leaving, tlie boats, three in number, steered to the N. and W. —the captain’s boat, containing 15 persons, being ahead, the other two boats, in charge of the first mate and chief engineer, keeping company. About 9 A. M. we lost sight of the cap tain’s boat, and having no compass in either of our boats, we shaped our course by the sun, trying to make the land. About Meridian we made a sail to the E; the first mate made a signal of distress, and both boats kept away for the friendly ship. It proved to be the brig Potomac, of Bucksport, Mo., J. T Snow master, GO hours from Charleston to Georgetown, S. C., who took us on board, and done every thing in his power to meet our necessities —none of us having anything but the clothes wc had on. He landed us safely at Georgetown, and, under the Providence of God, we arc indebted to him for our lives. \\ e are under a lasting obligation to Captain Davis, of tho steamer Fannie, for a free passage to this port, and his kindness to us while on board. The names of the ship’s company are appended be low. Captain's boat. —J. W. Catharine, cap tain, and two children ; A. Smith, Sec ond Assistant Engineer; William Hill, oiler; John Gill, fireman; James Mur phy, coal heaver; Thomas Shay, coal heavier ; Dr. Hadley, passenger ; Senor Brooks, seamen ; Gilbert Smith, seaman; James Wine, steward; Frank (F,j landsman—lo in all. Matt's boat. —Saved—Robert Pickens, First Mate ;) Charles Fry, Second Mate; James Cutter, ship cook; W. Brown, seaman; Thomas Duffy, mess boy ; Thom as Martin, coal heaver; J. W. Adams, second cook—7, Engineer's boat. —Henry Maples, Chief Engineer, William H. Crawford, First Assistant Engineer; J. Fred. Schultz, Supercargo ; George Kirk, otier ; Hugh Simpson, fireman; Thos. McGlaughlin, fireman, John Norman, seaman ; Henry Beaston, mess boy—B. J. Fred. Schultz, Supercargo. A span of the bridge over the Muskin gum river, at Zanesville, Ohio, gave*\vay Tuesday morning, as the train bound Eastward, on the Ohio Central JRailroad, was crossing it, and four cars, one of which was a passenger car, and the engine wore precipitated sixty feet to the rocky bottom. One man is known to have been killed, and ten persons are reported wounded) some of tnem perhaps fatally. Confiscation of Southern Properly. Ihe correspondent of the New York Times telegraphs to that journal as follows, under date of \\ ashington, December 4 : The House Committee on the Judiciary have had referred to them, to repeal a por tion oi a joint resolution explanatory of an act to suppress insurrection, to pur.is'h trea son and rebellion, to seize and confiscate the property of rebels, and for other purposes, approved July, 1862. The Committee re port that the object of the hill in question is to repeal so much of the joint resolution referred to therein as prohibits the forfei ture of the real estate. That, although by the first and second sections of said Act the crimes of treason or setting on foot, a rebellion, or giving aid or eomiort thereto, are made subject to the alternative of fine, and which may result in the sale of t lie real estate of the delinquent, there is no part thereof, excepting the fifth and sixth sec tions, authorizing the seizure and sale of the property of certain classes therein de signated, or of such other persons as sh ill refuse, after sixty days’ notice by procla mation of the Executive, to cease to give further aid to the existing rebellion, which can be considered as involving a forfeiture of real estate within the technical signifi cation of the manifest reference to the con dition of things—the state of actual war existing at that time—and were intended only for the special purpose of bringing it to an end, and that the same can in their view of the case have no prospective opera tion since the condition of things has been determined. The effect of the repeal of so much of the joint resolution as prohibit* the forfeiture of the real estate of the de linquents beyond qf' their natural lives, would only bo the enactment offfn ex post factO' law within the meaning of the constitutional interdict, by annexing to a crime that has been already committed a new and additional puighment. The Com mittee, for these reasons, have been dis charged from the further consideration of the subject, and the bill lies on the table. Statistics of Emigration. From the returns of the New York Commissioners of Emigration, the fol lowing statistics arc taken : ARRIVALS AT CASTLE GARDEN DURING NOVEMBER, 1866. _ ~ Passengers not Forts Clearance. \ cesels. Bondablc Pass's, liable to bond. Liverpool, 23 6,545 327 London, 4 1,026 27 Glasgow, 3 755 10 Havre, 3 626 32 Hamburg, 7 3,410 Bremen, 12 4,393 IS Rotterdam, 3 109 1 Total, 55 16,804 410 Number of emigrants arrived to Nov. 21,1860, 210,555 Number of emigrants arrived since Nov. 21, 1800, 3,265 Total 219,820 To same date in 1865, 181,258 DESTINATION OF PASSENGERS —NOVEMBER, 1866. States. Total. Arkansas, 7 Missouri, 477 Alabama, 22 Mexico, 2 British Columbia, IN. Hampshire, 28 Canada, 100 Nova Scotia 9 California, 105|New York, 7,615 Connecticut 250 New Jersey, 000 Central America 2|Nebraska, 23 Cuba, ■ 4.North Carolina, 3 Delaware. 25 New Brunswick, 10 Dist. of Columbia 58 Oregon, 1 Florida, 2 Rhode Island, 192 Georgia, 23jOhio, 1,094 Illinois, 1,522 Pennsylvania, 1,907 lowa, 3S3|South Carolina, IS Indiana, 190|South America, 1 Ken tucky, 141 Texas, 22 Kansas, 34 Tennessee, 53 Louisiana, 88|Vermont, 11 Massachusetts, OSOiVirginia, 54 Maryland, 120 Wisconsin, 715 Maine, 7 P’ce Edwards Isl’d 1 Michigan, 424 Minnesota, 1431 Total, 17,175 Telegram to tile Pope—Answer of the Pontiff; The Baltimore Catholic Mirror publish es the following : As our readers are aware, the prelates lately assembled in council sent a cordial greeting to His Holiness through the At lantic telegraph. The wording of the tel egram was as follows. It left Baltimore on the 9th of October, and reached Borne the same afternoon, in about fifteen minutes, making allowance for difference of time : “ Seven Archbishops and forty Bishops, met in council, unanimously salute your Holiness, wishing you long life, with the preservation of all the tncient and sacred rights of the Holy See.” This dispatch carried joy and consolation to the afflicted heart, of the Pontiff, as ap pears_from-.the following letter, addressed by his direction to our Most Rev. Arch bishop, }iy G’lrdinaf Rama bo, datod Octo ter£4:. ... •,. '‘The tclhgram which the. Bishops of the States of the American Union, assem bled in council, had the happy thought to address to the Holy Father, proved to lie of great comfort and consolation to His Holiness; and so highly did lie appreciate its spirit, that he ordered it to he immedi ately published in the Official Journal of Home, for the edification of his Roman people and of the faithful at large. “His Holiness looks with interest for the acts and decrees of the Plenary Council, which he expects to receive in due time, and from which he hopes anew impulse and continued increase to religion in the United States will result. He has, how ever, directed me to express directly to your amplitude, and through you to all your colleagues, his great pleasure, and to request you to thank them for the interest they have taken and still take in defending the Holy Sec and in vindicating its con tested right. Moreover, his Holiness has learned with satisfaction that the papal loan is succeeding, also through the co operation of the American Episcopate. He thanks them particularly for this, and nourishes the hope that such co-operation will not cease, and that thence a prosperous result may be obtained. In the meantime I pray the Lord that He long preserve and prosper you. Rome, from the l’ropagands, 24th Oct., iB6O. “Most affectionately, your servant, Cardinal Alexander Barnabo, Secretary. “To the Most Rev. Martin John Spalding, Archbishop of Baltimore. ’ ’ Suratt—His Arrest and Escape in Italy.—lt is stated that J. H. Surratt has boon serving for some time past in the Papal Zouaves. He had assumed, and was known in his regiment by the name of John Watson. Information of this fact having been communicated to General Rufus King, the Minister of the United States at Rome, no time was lost by him in transmitting the news to his Government which straightway instructed the Gen eral to take such measures as might lead to the securing of Surratt, alias Watson. In compliance with his instruction!, Gen eral King repaired to the Vatican, request ed an audience of Cardinal Antonclli, and asked his Eminence whether, in the event of his proving the identity of Surratt, the Papal Government would hand him over to that of the United States. The Cardi nal Secretary promised the General all the facilities in his power. A few days after, on returning to the Vatican, General King was mado acquainted by Cardinal Antoneili with the measures he had taken—the ac tual arrest; the conveyance to prison the removal from prison under a guard of five soldiers of the company ; hut the series closed with the announcement that when thus led out, Suratt, alias Watson, made a sudden dash from his guards, jumped over a precipice more than one hundred feet high, and though hotly pursued by fifty Zouaves, was enabled, from the fact of their preferring a more circuitous route, to get clear across the frontier into the Italian territory. Women in the Bible.—The Bible is the book of women. It is the only book which has come down from the misty ages of antiquity that presents us with women as the equal and meet for man. From Eve, the mother of all living, to Mary, the mother ol Jesus, woman always occupies a conspicuous place in the grand drama of the world s history. Here she is seen as mother, filling her mission with shrinking modesty and gentle firmness.— Miriam and Deborah, Rebecca and Rutli, oar ah and Esther, shine forth in characters at once original, unique, consistent ami feminine. On a still brighter canvas, and in still brighter colors, are drawn the cha racters of the Marthas, Marys and Lydias of the New Testament. Here they are, as they ought to be, and here they will remain forever. Not forward, not departing from her sphere, not immodest, not masculine.— They shine, not like the sun, but with a. radiance as mild and gentle as the light ol the evening star. — Exchange. Several Eastern clergymen have gone to New Orleans to be present at the installa tion exercises of Rev. C’has. 3 an Vorden, of New York, at the new Congregational church established, last summer, through the Christian Commission,