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OLD SI'RIES. VOL. LXXVi. tfhvonitlc & *rntincl. hemiv Moonx;, A. It. WIUGHT. tkioih ok (>rn« uivtion. WEEKI.V. i vku;’■;;• • *;■;;'.’.ya oo At l.r*' IA, <• A : Vi ESN t::>i> A V MORNING, JANUARY ‘23. ( tiler Justice Chase. The remarkable fact that on all great question.- which are submitted to the de cision of the Supreme Court Chief Justice Chanc i- found with the minority, is at tracting public attention at the North. Commenting, in a recent i-.-tie, upon this singular foatftre in the history of .tyr. Ch:t-e, as a Jjjdge, the Hartford Times “'.iy ; —“Chi< r Justice Chase enjoys the, singular and unenviable distinction of be ing the only Chief Justice whose opinion, on every important question adjudicated, is regularly overridden* by the Supreme Court, Hi opinion is always a dissenting opinion. To the scries of decisions made by that illustrious body in which the Chief Justice has successively and disreputably figured in the minority—a minority con sisting sometimes of himself alone —has ju t Ir en added the great and crowning re. ult in the Milligan case, a decision by which the military trials and arbitary ar rv.-ts, as well as some other enormities growing out of Republican party rule during the last six years, are shown to he in flagrant violation of the organic law. And now we have‘another decision from the same high tribunal in the matter of the Bank tax ; and here, too, we find the Chief Justice left nearly alone in a dissent ing minority. This is a singular position for a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Unit ed Slates. It is not the record of the il lustrious men who have preceded him in that high office. Then were jurists, gen erally speaking, of Such acknowlcged weight and purity of character, and such miqii tionablc ability, as 10 command the • ntirc respect of the Bench, and to in . ure the support of a majority of its mem ber.-. in any important decision. Can it be that Justice Chase is less able intellectually than any of his predecessors?—that he po e e,i je s judicial discernment? — that he, in a word, so lacks the essential first qualifications for a position on the bench of the Court, that his fellow-Judges have no respect for .his opinions? We cannot believe it. Mr. (,'base, whatever else may he his shortcomings, has never been ac cu-i'd of a lack of a fair share of ability. I’crliaps it is not too much to say that lie is not surpassed in this respect by any member of his party. What then, is the cause of his disreputable showing in every important case on which the Court is called to act? IBs fellow Judges are all, with one exception, Northern men. A majori ty of them are the appointees of Abraham Lincoln. Vet on their sworn oaths, in the discharge of their high duty as .Judges in a tribunal whose decisions have long en joyed a world wide repute no less for their ability than fur their unquestioned integrity and superiority to nil improper influences, these Judges, so appointed, cannot on many important questions go with their Chief. He is regularly left to dissent —and to die. ul, ‘it is proper to add, in favor of the radicalism of the da;/, which his fellow- Jml; , members though they are*of the same party, find it impossible to uphold when it comes to a decision on their oaths as members of the Supreme'Court Docs Trior* 3s If the Chief Justice were (tit fitt ing more of the next Presidential election than of his high and binding official oath ? We fear so. But what a commentary does the fact involve 1 What a commentary on the real character ot radicalism and its measures!” Tlii> Stave Business—lts I’rollts, 4c. Now that the cultivation of cotton in the Southern States has received its death blow from the freedom shrickers of the North, it becomes imperative upon the people of the South that they should seek some oth er source of wealth'than that, which, by the use of slave labor they have heretofore found remunerative and profitable. We have great reason to be thankful that this favored region possesses other resources than those which follow the cul tivation of the soil. The large and exten sive forests of yellow [line timber, w hich cover that portion of the State between the Savannah and Chattahoochee, extend ing from the seaboard more thain one hun dred miles in the interior, contains an amount of wealth which can hardly be computed. All that is needed to bring these vast supplies of timber into market is the proper quantity of-labor, with the necessary amount of intelligence and ener gy to direct and control it Connected with timber business, and forming a most lucrative branch of it, is the production of staves. Wo know that our forests and swamps abound in the finest quality if oak for the production of a[l varieties of staves, and we have often wondered why so little attention was paid by die Southern people to this branch of industry. Large fortunes have been realized from staves made from timber in the Dismal Swamp in Viraluia. Here the business has been so profitable as to justify the' op. iiing of an endless number of ditches through the swamp, by means of which the stave timber is brought from the inte rior of the swamp and landed oil the banks of the canal, which is cut through its entire length, from Iks p Creek, near Norfolk, to South Mills, on the I’asquatank river, a distance of thirty-eight miles. The expense incurred in opening these ditches, or small canals, is amply repaid by the facilities afforded for getting at the timber in the heart of the swamp, and from thence get ting it cheaply to market in the shape of staves. Wo can see no reason why we oanne : make large profits from this business in Georgia, where our navigable rivers and large creeks afford ample and cheap means of transportation to market. The oak timber which grows in great abundance in the swamps bordering upon all our large streams, is easily accessible at least for more than nine months in the year, and it can be transported on wheels to the streams, without the trouble even of de voting much laborer expense to the making o*’ roads. In the Dismal Swamp, where this business is so extensively carried on, wheels cannot be used, aud the staves have to be carried by the hands engaged in the work, aud deposited on the banks of the ditches, to l>o thence taken off in small canoes and flats made for the purpose. All this expense is saved by the stave getters in our State, and the amount thus saved can be added to the profits of the business. We Lave before us, taken from the Richmond 117,5/. some valuable in structions as to the method of riving the different kinds of staves, and the prices at which they are now sold iu the principal Northern markets aud iu New Orleans, which we think will be found of general interest at this time. 11/io Oik Stairs. — All white oak stave - should be about one inch thick, and must not be less than three-fourths of an inch in any place. Any excess of thickness over an inch is not desirable. They should be about three aud a half inches wide— wider preferred—but they must not be less at any j,lace titan three inches wide, and all heart. Heading must boos white oak, one inch thick, five inches or upwards wide, but must not be less thau five inches in any part. Darrel staves must be full 32 indies long. Hogs'd “ “ “ 42 “ Ripe ‘j. 54 “ “ Headings should be '26, 30 and 32 inches i long, with a due proportion of pieces of j each length. The staves should be straight, square I edges, moderately dressed with the draw- ' ing-knife, rived with the grain, split to : run from the bark to the centre, and not slabbed off; sound wood, free of sap. de fects or bad knots. - lied pak Slave.;. —Red oak hogshead ! ! staves must be full 42 inches long, and : with the <*ap, about four inches: wide, (but not less than three inches and a- half fn ! any part) and about one inch thick. lUd j ! oak all heart may pass at three inches | wide. All kinds of oak with sap upon 1 them are classed as red oak. it is recoin- I i mended in sawing off longs, to lay off ! lengths one or two inches longer than the : law requires, to allow for the run of the j ! saw. i Particularly must it be remembered in j | riving the staves, that they are not to be j i slabbed. 'Hie grain of the wood runs from j the bark to the centre of the block, as the I | spokes of a wheel run from the felloes to j j the hub, and the riving must be done in that direction ; otherwise the staves will be ; valuless. The stave business is ' much | j more easily carried on than the lumber [ business, for less machinery is required, and moreover staves are more easily han dled, and hence the work can be done in j spots where cutting lumber would be im- ' possible. People embarking for the first time in the business would do well to hire, at first, an experienced hand as instructor, j | and such can be had iri North Carolina, in j ; the neighborhood of the Roanoke river j and tributaries, in Southampton county, | ; near the Chowan, and in Norfolk and j thereabouts. The transportation of staves per thous -1 and costs about what 1,100 feet of luin j her would. We notice that in Baltimore, some short time since, white oak hogshead .staves 42 I inches long, 4 j inches wide and 1 \ inches ! thick, were worth sllO to slls per I thousand, and white oak hogshead staves | 44 inches long, 3 inches wide and J inch j thick were worth $55 to SOO. j The prices of staves in New Orleans arc, | per 1000—white oak, pipe culled, slls to $l2O ; white oak hogshead culled, SIOO to I sllO ; French butts, SIOO to sllO. Judge of the Middle District. The returns received at Milledgeville, of the election recently held in this Dis trict lor Judge of the Superior Court, show that Judge Gibson leads his opponent 37 votes, with the counties of Emanuel and Columbia yet to hear from. In the former we have the information that Gib son had 15 majority, and in the latter 29. This would make Judge Gibson’s majority in the District 81 votes, and we think there will be very little change from these figures. The Deposition of the President—The Impeach men!—Jhe Supreme Court. The Radicals in Congress begin to shrink from their own programme, that is, the seizure of the Executive Department by, or through some Senator. It begins to bo obvious that this can he brought about only by the bayonet, and civil war, with an utter destruction of Bureaus, Commerce, and Capital, pending the strife. The depo sition by force, of a King, is a very serious matter, and always breeds revolution, while the deposition of a people-chosen President, for mere party purposes, and only by a party, becomes a much more serious matter. The Supreme Court is now about as much in the way of the Radicals as the Executive Department of the Government. They uphold law, and to uphold law is a Radical crime. The programme now, for the overthrow of this Court, is reported to be — “By the passage of an act defining the nnmnorof judges, eompetentto pronounce a law of Congress un constitutional. This power to declare what number of judges shall constitute a quorum exists in Con | gress, and the proposed measure would | seem tf> boos an analogous character.” ; The defect of the programme, is, that [the Judges would pronounce such an act ; unconstitutional, and while the President j lives, he will execute their decisions as law. I Hence, there is no help for Radicalism, I short of Revolution itself, and then, if they ! can fight well enough, they can free them | selves from both the Executive andJudi : oial Departments of the Government, which certainly are very much in the way | of their conspiracy to seize, the Executive ; and Judiciary Departments, and make I some Senator like Wade or Chandler, King, Emperor, Czar, or Sultan, in this j Government. — N. Y. Express. More Railroads. Anew and important railroad extension is talked of. The lines of railroad from Norfolk and Richmond, South, we under stand, want to extend the Wilmington ,fc Manchester Railroad Southwest to Milieu; or, to express it more definitely, they wish to use tlie South Carolina Railroad to Rranehvillo, and then cut across to Milieu on the Georgia Central Railroad, thus se curing an independent passenger train to Macon, Columbus and Central Alabama. In this connection we may also mention that the Warrcnton branch of the Georgia Railroad is being pushed forward rapidly, and by next fall it is hoped the ears will be running to Milledgeville, and soon af ter to Macon. Judge King, of Augusta, the projector of this important connection for Charleston, is earnestly at work, we are glad to learn; and we think we may rea sonably hope to have some Macon cotton on our wharves before lst’>7 shall have closed. We copy the foregoing from the Charles ton Niirs. We have seen similar state ments ‘‘going the rounds’’ in other papers. We know nothing of the projected road from Rranchville to Milieu ; but can safely assert that this project as yet. unlocated, and without charter, will not be built so long as Railroad bonds press upon the market so heavily. \\ e are advised that the Milledgeville Railroad is making good progress—that the cars will be running to Milledgeville this summer. This Railroad connection will be urged to an early com pletion. The Charleston Mercury complains of! the hard fate of South Carolina compared with other States. The efforts made since the war to recover her lost position have been attended with "some little success.” The writer says : Not nearly as much has been accom plished iu Charleston in the work of resto ration and renovation as has been done in Savannah, Atlanta, and other cities in tbo South. Atlanta is now larger and has bet ter prospects of financial prosperity than she had at the commencement of the late war. Savannah is the scene of continued bustle and activity. Her merchants are doing a thriving business, and the whole city is instinct with life aud activity. At lanta and Savannah have generally been built up by Northern capital, that capital which Charleston has not been able to claim. The Alta California a advises that young men should give their attention to ac quiring the Asiatic languages : Our port, says the Alta, is destined to bo the emporium for the products of the Eastern hemisphere. China. Japan, and British India ultimately, will send their productions to us. to be by us in turn sent across the continent by the Pacific Rail way to the Atlantic ports. A line of steamers is at the present moment being laid down, and soon a permanent and con stant communication will be opened up. Persons skilled in Chinese. Ac., will be in | demand : interpreters and supercargoes j proficient in their knowledge ot the Asiatic | languages will be asked for. The man Osterhaut, whose contribution to Gen. Irpinuer s "conscience fund” was j noticed last week, turns out to be a hutn ! bug as well as a confessed swindler, his ■ chock on presentation proving worthless. I The Treasury detectives are on the track, however, and Gen. Spinner says he in ; tends to make him pay the S3OO which, | according to his own statement, he has | swindled the government out of. LETTER FROM BRAZIL. Correspondence Chronicle and Sentinel Sax Paulo City, Brazil, I November 3, 1 &66. ) Messrs. Editors'-. As you are aware I have never been hopeful as to the pros perity of the South in the -future. I have no faith either in the sagacity or common sense of those tvho hold power at the N < >rth ; and still less faith in the stability ot that government which is called “the best the world ever saw, ’ ’ and ruled by parties whose oniy cement is “the cohesive fiower of public plunder.” Influenced' by the belief that for many years to come there would be no security for property of riouthrensny reason of Radical legisla tion, I determined to emigrate. The letters of Messrs. Merriweather and Shaw, which met my eye in the columns of the Chronicle and ’ Sentinel, induced me to think of Brazil, and I decided in October last to visit this country, with the inten tion of making it the future home of myself and family, if pleased with appearance and prospects. It was not, however, without many painful regrets that I took leave of‘‘old Georgia”—God bless the old State—from the deck of the steamship as she glided adown the river from Savannah to Tybee. A run of seventy hours landed us in New Turk. The next morning saw us aboard the Brazilian steamer, and on the twenty-seventh day thereafter, found us burring up from the quay to the hotel in the city of Rio Janeiro. Our party con.-isted of' seven Southern ers, several of whom had visited this em- j pire twelve months before, and were now i en route as settlers an<l_ citizens. We re mained one week in Rio, perfecting our arrangements to avail ourselves of those facilities which this government extends to emigrants. Transportation was given us by the Brazilian Government. On the morn- 1 ing of the eighth day we left by steamer for Santo.?, which is the seaport town of this province—San Paulo. From Santos we were conveyed by rail to this place— San Paulo City—distance forty miles. Here the President of the province resides, and from him we obtained letters and trans portation for the interior. Again taking the railway cars, Ave were speedily put down atits terminus —Jundaihy. Herewe procured mules, a guide and an interpreter, and were fortunate in being joined by Major Merri weather, of South Carolina. From Jundaihy we traveled on mules, twenty-five miles, to Campeinas. The railroad is now progressing to this place. There are no good farming lands on the j railroad. Eight miles from Campeinas the traveler enters the fine COFFEE COUNTRY, and will see thousands of acres coy- j ered by coffee plants. The coffee trees can only be grown on rich, elevated land. The coffee plantation presents a magnifi j cent sight. It wearing at first the appear ance of very luxuriant cotton. The trees j are from six to twelve feet high, and plant- i ed in rows, like an orchard ten feet apart. The rows are very straight and frequently a mile long. Now as each tree produces coffee to the value of 25 to 35 cents, and every acre will contain about five hundred trees, you will perceive that the yield will be from $125 to $175 per annum —a very good business. The coffee tree bears well for forty years, and requires very little eul- j tivation. Coffee lands are held at a very j high price; indeed they can hardly be j bought at any price. It is only lauds pos sessing certain qualities of soil and ele vated that will produce coffee profitably. There is a good deal of care, trouble and expense required to prepare coffee for ; market. On large plantations they use j very expensive machinery. After the cos- j fee is prepared it is transported to market in packs on mules. Indeed the pack mule is the usual transportation for all agricul tural products, and the traveler meets con stantly large numbers of these laden with coffee, sugar, cotton and tobacco. They present a very singular appearance to the stranger when looked at- from a distance, i Each mule carries a pack saddle, which j hangs from the middle of the mules back, and has a sack or bag on each flank con taining coffee or sugar or cotton, of the j weight of one hundred and twelve pounds. Over the whole is spread a raw hide, firmly lashed by a strap or surcingle to pro tect the pack from rain. You will see hundreds of mules thus loaded —traveling in loug trains, in single file. The animals are generally of a superior land and Fat A days’ journey is usually twelve miles, when a halt is called and the mules un laden and let loose to graze. The cost of transportation by this method is one cent per pound per mile, estimated in specie currency. The season for blooming was just over when we arrived, else we would have seen King Coffee in all of his glory ; for King he is indisputably, of this Empire, and Doui Pedro, the Emperor, acknowledges his sovereignty. Coffee is the universal drink of the country. The following is their MODE OF PREPARATION. For each cup of the size of our tea cups to be made, they measure a table spoonful of ground coffee parched to the color of a ripe chesnut. This is placed in a gauze bag within the coffee-pot, and boiling hot water is poured upon it. There are no “grounds” in the decoction ; and it is so strong that it always leaves a brown stain up on the white china cup. I think it so strong as to merit the name of tincture of coffee. The Brazilians never put milk into their coffee as they think that milk injures the properties of the decoction; and it is never drank until the close ot the, meal. Usually it is never brought to the table until every thing else is removed. THE MULES of this country arc unusually fine, and j command from one to two hundred dollars, according to size and quality. The best ; are used for the saddle. Horses are much cheaper, and mares command only from five to twenty dollars apiece, and are never I used for the saddle. BRAZILIAN FARMER. The Brazilian is, generally, a miserable farmer in everything else than that which relates to the growth of coffee. The Cam- j penas lands are very fine, but nearly all of them have been cleared after the Brazilian style. Let me describe to you their method : of clearing and planting : The forest is cut down ; the trees and bushes are not cut up, but are suffered to lie as they fall until the leaves and wood become sufficiently dry. The torch is then applied. Whatever is not burned is permitted to remain. Holes are made among half charred logs and unburnt bushes, into which they put the seed, corn, cotton, Ac. The planting is made immediately after the burning. The plants, therefore, get a little the start in growth ahead of the bushes, ami this is all the cultivation the crop gets. They plant one piece ofland two years in succession, and as there are no frosts to check vegetation, at the close of the second year thebushes and weeds have complete possession of the soil, ami the land is abandoned. Strange as it will sound to you, it is nevertheless true, these farmers make fifty bushels of corn to the acre, cultivating it in this rude way. Under this system of cutting down the for est, and then “turning it” out after the lapse of two years (aud very frequently one) avast region has been robbed of timber, but the lands lor farming purposes remains uninjured. This system has wasted the timber to such a degree that there is none ' left that is suitable for fencing, recourse • is therefore, had to a system of ditching to keep the cattle from the fields. AN AMERICAN SETTLEMENT. This section which is just beyond the coffee region, is only thirty-two miles from the place from which I write, and in all probability will be selected to forma nu cleus for an American settlement. (All who come from the United States, are called Americans.) The Railroad will certainly be extended to it. in a very short time. The lands are two low for coffee, and therefore can be bought for less than five dollars per acre, and with proper cultiva tion, in my judgment, can be made to yield a bale of cotton or seventy-five bush els of corn per acre. THE HOUSES are built of dried clay, and covered with tiled roofs. When plastered, they look as well as brick, and the inside walls can be made neat and comfortable by wall paper. Owing to the scarcity of plank, the floors of the houses are usually of clay, a few paved with brick. None of the houses have chimneys: a kitchen is something unknown—the cooking being done in one of the rooms of the dwelling. Seated in the parlor, you will see the smoke circu lating overhead in its endeavors to make its escape through the crevice ot the root. As they have no pine wood to be used as fuel, they are not annoyed by soot. There is nothing, perhaps, that would convey to you a more correct impression of the Bra zilian farmer than the description ot their houses and mode of living. During our journey, at the approach of night, after a day of fatigue, we saw a large white house looming up in the distance. It was the most imposing edifice we had seen, and it was evident that the proprietor was a man of wealth and influence. Our interpreter was dispatched to ascertain if we would be allowed quarters for the night. With a hospitality characteristic of the Brazilians, the reply came "that the proprietor’s fas enda was with pleasure at our service.” Up . on entering the parlor, the first object that , attracted the eye was a large cotton gin AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 23, 1567. which was in motion, being turned hy ; means of a large wheel. The room ad joining was used as a cooking room, and a , large fire, built upon the dirt floor, blazed in the centre, and making the whole house redolent with the fames of broilingjjneat ' and burnt farhma , which was being p’.u --i pared by three large negresses and several ; pickaninnies. Cooking here is horrible— Dearly universally so. heat bread is never Seen.* Corn, pounded as fine as flour—called farhina —Ls served in a dish, as a of baked mush. Anot her meal— pounded from the plant mandioca—made aaJscored ia the same manner, is quite pal atable. A bean, called the fiershem , which iri truth resembles closely our speckled pea, is always found upon the table, and usually mixed with farhirui , as wc mix peas and rice, constitutes their bread. Rice is always to be found on the table, but miserably prepared—soft, mush-like, and glutinous. They have fresh meats in , abundance, but salt meats are never seen. There are an abundance of poultry of all descriptions. Swc-et potatoes abound, hut are never .seen on the table. The negroes about the table are disgustingly, filthy. A sea-coast negro, that never makes a change in clothes for two or three weeks, would be a lair representation of the class of ser vants to be found in the country, whether slave or free. Seeing such servants for cooks, &c., you will readily understand that my diet has been confined to boiled eggs, oranges, banannas, &e. They have only two meals during the day—breakfest (olmoco) at 10 o’clock in the morning, and , dinner (jantar ) at 4 o'clock in the after noon/ It is my candid opinion that they could not muster energy or enteprise enough to cook more than two meals per day, even in the style they serve it, they are so miserably slow. They usually have some kind of desert ■ for dinner, and at one or two of the rich j coffee fazendas, after the Desert, they had 1 lye-hominy without salt, and Pop-corn! 1 do not wish to make sport of their taste, for they are the kindest and most hospita ble people in the world. They would do better if they knew how. Say they would like to have us settle amongst them and j show them how to farm, Ac.; hut I fancy they would be much like the sow that was | washed. THE COUNTRY WOMEN are complete blanks, they never appear at the table. In the country thev have ! one unvarying style of dress, which is a chemise pretty low in the neck, and a skirt of calico. They do not wear bonnets except while riding out on horse back. In going through the .streets they have a piece of cloth like a shawl, which they throw over their heads. Some few of the ladies ride side ways, but whether from fear of sliding off while ascending hills or from choice, most of the country ladies (I mean in the interior) prefer the Adamic style. I met an old lady a few days ago, who probably weighed two hundred, sit ting oil a fine horse astraddle, and looked as jolly as you please. McTyre. The President’s Veto ami the Question of Impeachment. The New York papers are divided in their opinions of the President’s veto of the Negro Suffrage Bill for the District, but unanimously condemn Mr. Ashley’s impeachment bill. Os the veto the World says: The President rests his veto on very strong arguinental grounds. Like his an nual message, it is written with great clear ness and dignity. Avoiding everything narrow and technical, everything like a cavil or a quibble, it reasons from broad, j general principles and the f.vital spirit of our institutions. The Herald says: “This veto we hold to be well grounded upon the question of the propriety and expediency of the meas ure, under all the circumstances, but beyond this we think the President, not withstanding the earnest, respectful and dignified tone of his message, has entered into a tilt with Congress which contributes nothing to strengthen his case. The bill will doubtless be passed into a law over his veto, and then from its practical work ing we my expect soon some convincing evidence of the necessity for its modifica tion.” The. Times says: .“The right to veto is as valia as tne right or Congress to pass the bill over the veto, and no more so. The debatable part of the question relates to. the arguments by which the position of each is upheld. And wc apprehend that in this case the popular judgment will be on the side of Congress, and against the President. ’ ’ The Tribune says: “On tho whole this seems the least plausible veto message we ever read.” On the question of impeachment the World is silent. The Times says: “There is no doubt that it would deeply excite the country, and that, under present circum stances, it would grievously injure its best interests in a hundred ways. Its most immediate effect would, doubtless, be felt upon the public credit and in our national finances. The formal charges that the parties propose to prefer against President Johnson in their articles of impeachment are no more than those with which we have become familiar from the speeches of his assailants. Nearly all of them would be dismissed at once by any court, and if they ever come before such a body as the Senate, we have no doubt of the disposi tion that will be made of them.” The Herald says : “The 'high crimes and misdemeanors” of which Mr. John son has been guilty have been a common thing with all his predecessors as party leaders, from General Jackson down to poor Fierce and Buchanan, to say nothing of the lamented Lincoln. In this situation of affairs, it appears to us that if the im peachment movement be followed up to its legal conclusion, it will be productive of a mischievous confusion in our political parties, a serious panic and derangement in our financial affairs, and needless and damaging delays on those practical meas ures of legislation demanded to meet the general interests and wants of the coun try.” The Tribune, after arguing a number of points, showing the utter impracticability and folly of the proposed measure, says : We do not say that a President should not be impeached. We by no means say that Mr. Johnson should not be impeach ed. That would be to take judgment into our own bands. We think this Adminis tration has been a calamity—a disgrace— the cause of many evils to the country. We should like some redress. But how is it to be bad ? Iu attempting to remove these evils, may we not fly to others that we know not of? May we not put a prece dent upon our statute books which will give any Democratic majority of the Senate and House in future years the right to revolutionize the Government in the interest of slavery ? Let us walk slowly, and survey the ground as wc go. Let us not lay violent hands upon the Ex ecutive office until we find that no other course remains for the honor of the nation. Perhaps wo are wrong ; but it does not seem to us that the time for the sterner alternative has come. [From the Atlanta New Era.] General G. T. Beauregard. We doubt if there is an individual in the South who credited the statements recent ly made in the New York Herald in re gard to a speech which was reported to have been made by General Beauregard at Canton. The report was so inconsistent with our understanding of his character and principles, that we doubted not for an instant that the whole affair was a fabrica tion. , , , , , We are glad to-day to be able to publish what General Beauregard thinks and feels in regard to politics and the ‘ ‘ Amend ment.” We are sure that no one can doubt his standing after reading it. We append his flat denial of all that has bfeen attributed to him by the facetious Herald. New Orleans, January 9, 1567. Samuel Bard. Esq., Editor Daily New Era, Atlanta, Ga. Dear Sir : Your favor of the sth inst. has been received, accompanying the num ber of your paper of the same date, con taining' an article of the New York Herald, headed "The Congressional Southern Ex : cursiou—General Beauregard's Speech.’ The Herald is mistaken, in saying that L made a speech to the Excursionists at Canton, a made none to them there or elsewhere, but I conversed with them free and openly, and told them that the South had fought the North so desperately because it was defending what it conceived to be its Constitutional right—that having appealed, however, to the arbitration of arms, it yielded to the decision which was given against it, and I believe that the people of the South were now willing to accept the Constitution as made by the war and understood by the Supreme : Court of the United States. I said also, that, in mv opinion, the question of seces sion and slavery were forever settled, and that, so far as I was concerned, under no circumstances would I countenance any effort to revive them: that we tuust now direct our energies and cur vitality to re— i pairing tlie damages ot the war, and re i storing to our homes some ot those coin* * forte and that prosperity which thqy for merly enjoyed. •In answer to the question of some of the excursionists, if I thouglit the South would J accept the Constitutionjil Amendments ? I replied, that eschewing politics, and at tending strictly to my private business, and the duties of my position, I had little I opportunity, except through the news. 1 papers, to ascertain public sentiment on that subject; hut ifithey dtMred to know my individual opinion, I would say. that the South icoulf not and shmdd not accept \ thtsq amendments, even if presented as a j finality, for its interests, and its mSohood I forbade it'. That we feel that we are now at the mercy of the North, but that the j South would never do anything which its j honor could hot approve to protect its iri terests ; and' that I behoved we would j remain passive pectafors of ihq struggle I for power, now going on at the North, relying on the “sober, second thought,” j and sense of justice of both parties to pro tect us. , I added, also, that at the still of the Con federacy, instead efgoing to a foreign coun try to swear allegiance torite Government, I preferred remaining in* my own and swearing allegiance to, what I .conceived j to be its new Government. If in conver sation with the excursionists, I used the words “consolidated Government.” when speaking of the UnitedStajjdS Government, ' I meant of course, a Common Federal, National Government, operating under a Constitution as interpreted by the Su-, preme Court of the United States. * 1 remain, yoms ' -ry truly G. ’f. B Vi:REGARD. Tlic Democracy of Connecticut In Coun cil. The Democracy of Connecticut have re cently held a State Convention, to take into consideration the present alarming con dition of our national affairs, and to organ ize for the overthrow of the Radical Dis tructionists now in possession of the legis lative department of the Federal Govern ment. The meeting was held in New Haven on the Bth inst., and is represented to have been one of the largest and most intelligent assemblages ever convened in the State. More than fifteen hundred delegates were present, representing all the different inter ests and sections of the entire State. Several distinguished statesmen from other States were present, among whom we notice the name of the Hon. James Brooks, of New York, who made an eloquent and patriotic appeal to the people of the North to step promptly forward and rescue the country from the hands of the Revolution ists, who seem determined to tear down the fair Temple of Liberty, erected by our fathers. The following preamble and resolutions wore unanimously adopted: RESOLUTIONS. Whereas, It becomes a free and intelli gent people, justly jealous of their rights and liberties, to * frankly and fearlessly assert their views upon all great and im portant public questions; and Whereas, When armed resistance to the authority of the United States ceased, each of the several States that had been in antagonism to the Government became, by tiie inherent force of tiie Constitution and tlie fundamental principles upon which our system of government is based, reinstated and restored to all their rights and privi leges; and Whereas, The President of the United States, by virtue of tiie authority vested in him by the Constitution of the United States and the laws in pursuance thereof, issued his proclamation declaring the war at an end ; and Whereas, r Tho Congress of tho United States demanded and accepted from said States the exercise of one of the highest duties devolving upon States, to-wit, an alteration of and amendment to the Consti tution of the United States; and Whereas, The Supreme CoTtrt of the United States has declared, “That if mili tary government is continued after the Courts are reinstated, it is a gross usurpa tion of power. Martial rule can never exist where tiie Courts are open and in the proper and unobstructed exercise of their j urisdiotion.” Therefore, llesolved, That each and all of tiie States that were arrayed in armed onnoaiUpn,,to . the authority'oi me s.ot. yOWMMP United States, having ceased 'sum opposi tion, are now entitled to representation in tho Congress of the United States, and to all other rights and privileges appertaining to the States of tho Union. llesolved , That the Congress of the Uni ted States, in its persistent exclusion of the Senators and Representatives of said States; in its open and avowed determina tion to destroy tho organization and sub vert tho authorities of said States, violates and undermines the Constitution of the United States, attacks the very principles that lie at the foundation of our system of Government, and strikes a fata! blow at the financial, commercial! and industrial interests of the entire people of the Union. Resolved , That the Congress of the United States, in all its legislation; in its act levying internal taxes upon all the States, including the said States expressly by name : in its act prescribing the num ber of Representatives in Congress'for all the States; in its act in submitting the Constitutional Amendment abolishing slavery, to all the States ; iri its act of last session, submitting another proposed Con j stitutional Amendment to all tho States ; in its joint resolution, passed with almost : entire unanimity, declaring the object of ! the war to be “to defend and maintain the supremacy of the Constitution, and to pre | serve the Union with all the dignity, equality, and rights of tho several States unimpaired,” and in other acts, has uni ■ formly, from the commencement of the civil war to tho present time, in tho most j deliberate manner, recognized said States | as existing States, and as States in the I Union. j Resolved , That the Executive Depart - j ment of the United States, by its procla mations, its administrative action, and in its diplomatic intercourse with foreign j Powers, lias uniformly recognized all the j said States as existing States in the Union. Resolved, That the .Judicial Department J of the United States, including the Su j premo Court at Washington, the Circuit Courts in the several circuits, and the District Courts in their respective districts j has uniformly recognized tho States as ! existing States, and as States in the Un i ion. lie-solved, That this repeated recognition i of said States as existing States, and as j States iu the Union, by the Executive, j judicial and legislative departments of the j Government, leaves no question that the ! exclusion of these States from Congress, | governing them and taxing them without ; representation, is not only a violation of the Federal Constitution in its most essen tial part, and tyranny as defined by the Declaration of Independence, but a most flagrant breach of public faith, alike pre judicial to the best interests and to the honor of the country. Resolved, That in the Supreme Court of the United States, wo possess a tribunal that may be justly termed the bulwark of republican liberty, and, in the lauguage of its eminent jurists, “ The Constitution of the United States is law for rulers and people, equally in war and in peace, and covers with its shield of protection all classes of men under all circumstances. * * * * No doctrine involving more pernicious consequences was ever invented by the wit of mau, than that any of its provisions can be suspended during any of the great exigences of government. Such a doctrine leads directly to anarchy or despotism. But the theory of necessity, upon which this is based, is false, for the Government within the Constitution has the powers granted to it which are necessary to pre serve its existence.” Thus, the Supreme Court of the United States in ISGG, vindicates and sustains the ! positions assumed and announced by the ! Democracy of Connecticut, in convention, j in 1863. Resolved, That after solemn deliberation it is the opinion of this convention that the suggestion of our conservative brethren of i Kentucky, that a Convention of the De mocracy and all Constitutional Union ! men of' the thirty-six States should be ; called without defay by the National De- j mocratic Committee ; and we respectfully i suggest that said Convention meet in the i cityfof New York on the 4th day of March next, to advise and counsel upon the great questions that now agitate the public I mind; to protest against the revolutionary i and unconstitutional acts of the present majority of Congres; to announce the do- j termination of the conservative men of the 1 ; Union; to resist and oppose by constitu- : ; tional exercise of power the disorganization j ; of States and the destruction of State au- j j thority. Resolved, That the thanks of every pat- ; riotie citizen are eminently due the j President of the United for his repeated exercise of the Executive power in behalf ' of the Constitution and the rights of the 1 States ; and we pledge to him our support in all his future efforts to the same noble end. Veteran Editors. — The Louisville Journal has been published tor thirty-six years, and the Boston E "for thirty-four years ; and it ts said the editors who con trolled their columns a. the beginning— Prentice and Green, both eminent wits — occupy the same positions how. There are few American editors wno can point ; to so long and! so successful a career. Personal.— John R. Thompson, ofVir irioia, who spent some tune in Lngland during the late war.:has accepted the in viafe u of a number of the leading citi zens of Louisville, Ky.. to deliver a lecture in that fitv on the 14th inst, Ihe subject will be “Mr. Buli at Home, or Character i Lties of the English people. OLE WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENCE. The President at the Democratic Banquet — Disappointment of the Radicals—lm peachnu.nl not to be Carried into Effect — Aegro Suffrage an Institution —A Whit&Hhper Smoothing it ovci — South * cm Radicals —A Democratic vote in • favor of Radical Resolutions —Butters J yga ries — Sena taria l Changes—Fin an - cial Changes , etc., etc. j Washington, January 9, 1567. , The Radicals are very much disappoint j ed that the President did not make au ex- I tended speech at the Democratic banquet \ held at the National Hotel last evening, j They had it reported around in their select , circles yesterday that he would reply to the charges of Representative Ashley, and ! were making great preparations to call him to account for impeachable conduct which was to have been discovered therein, but they were out of their reckoning and missed their mark considerably. The President said nothing beyond giving a patriotic sen j timent which is already published all over the country and must not he repeated in this correspondence. The character of the toasts «were eminently patriotic 'and the responses thermo were intensely hitter on Radicalism. Indeed such is the feeling now between the administration men at the North, and the opponents of the President that pvil passions often predominate in the discission of national topics or even in casual allusions to tho progress of Radical- ; ism. The Democrats and Conservatives | are becoming very tired of the ceaseless j fire which Radicalism continues to pour j into their ranks, and are beginning to fire | back very heavily with words, and some of the leading men who, during the war were ! for the Union promise anything but apathy if the Jacobins persist in their revolutiona ry designs. It seems to bo very well settled that no direct attempt is to he made by Congress to impeach the President, at least not du ring this session; but tho Judiciary Com mittee, under the spur of Ashley’s resolu tion, are already at work pursuing their investigations, and several prominent radi cals assert that the result of their task will be productive of no benefit to the party, although there will be no report made in favor of searching up a case. The six radicals, headed by Spalding, who voted against Ashley, are not all who scout the dogmas he proposes, I hear of several oth ers from Connecticut, Vermont, and even Massachusetts, without counting Western men, who will not follow in tho lead of Stevens, Ashley and Boutweff. Indeed there are many doubts as to whether, when it corned to the test. Stevens can carry twenty-five members with him in his rush to tho extreme end of tho lino which he is stretching. Every negro in the District of Columbia, who has been here a year, no matter how ignorant, or odious, or depraved, is a voter, and has as much power at the ballot-box as any white man in the District, with the exception that seven eighths of them have not the facility of reading the names on the ballots. It will be a beautiful picture on the first Monday of next J une, when the municipal election takes place, to see the full-blooded African, with about as much of an idea as to the character of the office? he votes for as he has of the sounds and currents of the ocean, inarching up to the polls to deposit his ballot. They urc all determined to vote, and there is no reason why the city government should not be in the hands of the negro or his white brother, since they have the power to make it so. Many of the radical ciubs_, however, are alarmed and disgusted at the idea of whole sale negro suffrage, and I hear of several among them who announce their intention to become qualified and vote in favor of the white man. Their repentance comes late —for these same officials, many of them, less than a year ago, when there were some doubts of the suffrage bill becoming a law, were inclined to advocate it; but bettor late than never. Their change of tone is preferable to that of the Evening Star , which has the name of being the city organ —that has changed front wonderfully and disgracefully, and is disposed almost to bless the new institution, which it may ijurijf be expected to do remarked, ’ editorially, in alluding TO wholesale negro suffrage in the District, and the radicals are quoting it in high S lee : “Congress baviDg thus reiterated its purpose in the matter, the citizens owe it to themselves to acquiesce with good grace in what is beyond their control, and aid in giving the experiment a fair trial.” The citizens will probably have to give it a trial before the next regular municipal election, as the Radicals are so pleased with their new monstrosity that there is a strong disposition to declare the offices now occupied vacant, and commence a fresh election. Whether the brother of the editor of the Star, who is now Mayor, would be re-elected, or whether the choice of the unwashed contrabands would fall upon Mr. Bowen, who still continues to be Postmaster of this city, is a matter for speculation. At present appearances, Bowen has the inside track, although Wal lach might very graciously “acquiesce” sufficiently, “with good grace,” to the ac tion of Congress to draw off some of the rabble vote. The Southern Radicals in Congress (that is those who hail from Maryland, Tennes see, Missouri and elsewhere) are, if any thing, more intense in their feelings than the majority of the Northern Radicals. Maynard, ofTennessee, and Cresswell, of Maryland, are fair examples. The latter, yesterday, unblushingly declared in his seat in the Senate that if negro suffrage was not allowed in Maryland he would favor reducing it to a territorial condition. He is very bitter because lie cannot be elected by the Legislature of that State, and takes every opportunity to revile its people. The Radicals generally regard Maryland as they do the other States of the South, and if i theabsurd and revolutionary scheme of re- j during them to territories should be com- j menced, there is no reason to doubt that I Maryland would Ire as sure to be so treated j as Virginia, South Carolina or Georgia. I If they dared, they would try their hand | on Kentucky and Delaware; but, so far, very little is said about those States. Mr. Chandler, of New Yorx, an ultra Democrat in the House of Representatives, voted in favor of the resolution, instruct ing the committee to endeavor to find cause to" impeach the President, which is the sum total of Mr. Ashley’s proceedings. He announced to-day that he did so in order that the President might have an oppor tunity to vindicate himself. He is the only Democrat who voted that way, and his friends do not altogether consider that the President would have a fair opportunity of vindicating himself before such a tribunal as the Judiciary Committee, which is com posed, with the exception of one member, of his most malignant and bitter oppo nents. The question probably, however, will never be brought before the House, i the reference to the committee being con ; sidered a virtual death blow to it during | the thirty-ninth Congress. Boast Butler was on the floor of the House yesterday, and to-day in earnest conversation with a number of the most prominent Radical leaders. That re doubtable warrior who was so effectually bottled up by General Beauregard at Coal Harbor during the war, is doing his best to have the impeachment question made a practical fact, and expects to lead the next House of Representatives, but lie lias not the stamina of Stevens, and will not be able to bully the members as old Thad does. If the latter should, by any possibility-, beat Lemon Cameron for the United States Senate, his cloak wiil more likely fall upon Wilson of lowa, the present Chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, who is acknowledged to be one of the most able Radicals of that body, and a member of considerable influence in their organization. Notwithstanding the bid which Senator Trumbull made a few days ago,. for re-elec- '■ tion to the Senate (plainting himself upon ( the negro suffrage platform,) h« chances ; ; seem growing "small by degrees and beau- i ' tifully less,” as the friends of all of his op- ’ I ponents have waited upon General Palmer j who is even more hitter and hosti.e in Ins I political sentiments than Trumbull.. l here is great interest and excitement in the Senate just now on the immediate changes which are about to be made in that body. There is now no question of doubt but what Governor Swann, of Maryland, who, : during the recent troubles in that State, so ably and earnestly exerted himself to insure a fair and impartial election to the people will be the successor of Cresswell as United States Senator. Swann is a firm and staunch friend of the ; President, and will undoubtedly represent | the true views and principles of his con stituents. . ~ It i3 the intention of the acting Cump | troller of the currency to require V atioual Ranks to keep the amount of reserve of lawful money required to protect their ! circulation in plain legal tender notes, as the act authorizing the issue of compound ; interest notes (act of June 3d, 1564.) pro vides that such notes shall not be a legal tender for the redemption by any bank of its circulating notes. i Arlington. i The Humdiation or the “ Great Covnmon cr and his friend, “ Occasional,” of the Press—-The House of Representatives to Remain under the Stevens Lash—Light Breaking in the North—Hope for Con sen-atisfn Conservative Views of a j Radical Official—Committees in Opera tion —A Stgro Convention, etc. Washington, January 12, 1867. Stevens, the “Great Commoner,” and his friend and brother partisan, Colonel/?) John IV. Forney, are both very «*pst-fallen individuals. The greenbacks of the form er, combined with the newspapers of the ; latter, and the political influence of both, j were powerless in the Pennsylvania Logis : 1 lafare to effect the consummation of ‘the I bright Senatorial hopes which both in dulged in, and the unfavorable (to them) I result of their scheming has become very j naturally a matter of much comment at the 1 capital. The friends of" Cameron are par i tieularly jubilant, while those of Thad are correspondingly gloomy. The latter had au idea that there was not power enough in the ’State to defeat the present Repre sentative from Lancaster, and confess to surprise as well as disappointment. Stevens could not bully the Radicals in tho Penn sylvania Legislature, as he can that stripe of politicians in the lower House of Con gress. He is too extreme tor them, and his defeat in caucus- is very significant, taken with other events which have been transpiring in the North. It proves that men of ungovernable passions are not like ly to be trusted with further powers, even if their present enjoyments in that respect are not abridged, at the next elections. These, it is true, are a long way off; but the leaven is already beginning its work. Such is the talk here, and it is surely entitled to consideration. I believe, as Secretary Seward emphatically says, that there is a sober second thought of the people yet to be heard from, and the present propositions to impeach the President, and do all manner of evil things' besides, the effect of which is crippling the country to an alarming extent, will hurry on that after consideration. Even a casual observer can see that signs of this are not wanting, even now, judging from the general tone of the Northern J'ress, and the statements of intel'igent men from that section. _ Only as late as yesterday, I talked with a prominent Radical (a gov ernment official) who has lately returned from a business tour in the East, and was surprised to hear from him a statement of the disposition, of tho people in the sec tions he visited, not only on the question of impeachment and universal suffrage, but on other topics, introduced by radicalism, which have now so much prominence be fore the country. He remarked that, in his judgment, there was hound to be a breach in the radical ranks, and that before very long-indeed, it had already commenced—-and he regarded Spalding, of Ohio, as destined to lead a majority of the party. Tho substance of his words, as near as I can remember, was “ that the people were tired of having Thad. Stevens speak for them entirely, by compelling their representatives in Congress to do just as he pleased, and would think for them selves hereafter. The impeachment of the President they regarded as a question fraught with danger td the liberties of the whole country, and bound to produce ruin if attempted, no matter who would be tho victor in the struggle which was bound to ensue therefrom. That seemed to ho the main idea with them; but on all the other extreme measures of the present hour they are not unreasona ble, but are looking at them in a true light, and would assuredly give a verdict against their consummation. The party who thus expatiated on the feeling “up North,” though, I believe, at one time, was a very thorough Democrat, (it must have been in his early history,) is now equally as strong a Radical, and during tho war was of that class who justly had the name of “Union Shrickers ;” withal, however, he is a very intelligent and fair-minded man, and occu pies a prominent office in one of the depart ments. All the prominent offices here about, with one or two single exceptions, are filled with Radicals, such are appoint ed to them, and when vacancies in Subor dinate offices occur, and promotions are in order, these heads of bureaus take good care that none hut Radicals are promoted. But this paragraph iu connection wi what I have written above, is a little c tpHfejfok wlift, f wnntod tlj show' some slight proof-of, is that '-hero a counter feeling springing up in the Nort . which, as has been stated, will assuredly have a good effect before very many months roll away. It seems that at present nearly two thirds of the committees of Congress are busily engaged in pursuing investigations for almost every matter which transpires now, and does not meet the views of cer tain parties in the Senate, or in the House, is referred for examination. The Judiciary Committee has referred the subject of Ashley’s resolution, which had been placed in their charge, to a sub-committee, who are to find, if possible, some pretext for impeachment. The Indian Committee who has had under consideration the recent contracts for furnishing goods to the Indians have concluded all the testimony, and are hear ing arguments in the case. Several assert that Mr. Bogg, the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, will not be confirmed ; but whether this is for matters connected with the recent contract, or for his widely knowt: Conservative proclivities is not mentioned, most probably the latter. Although the former may be given publicly as the reasons. The Radicals arc not chary in their charges of official misconduct against their opponents. They never see tho beam W'hich is in their own eyes; but daily point j out the Conservative motes. It is hard to make a Jacobin believe that Butler ever! stole plate, or Banks ever pilfered cotton. ; They arc conveniently obtuse in all such particulars; but every day something is j found occurring outside of the Radical ring : which brings forth resolutions of inquiry and reference to committees in Congress. The President’s policy,at present,as fur as pardons and appointments are concerned, may be said to be one of most thorough mas terly inactivity. Ho makes no appoint ments whatever, and tho very few pardons that now come to light are upon the earnest recommendation always of prominent and I influential persons—very often upon tho 1 solicitation of' Radical members of both ! Houses of Congress. The criminal par dons which are occasionally made are nearly always upon the appeal of Radicals, j A negro conclave, called by themselves, ! and so styled by their white friends the “National Equal Rights League Conven I tion of Colored Men,” are holding daily I meetings now in Washington, and their j particular organ, the Chronicle , daily treats 1 its friends to about two or three columns | and a half of their sage deliberations, j Following the example of' a party of white bands ofconventionists, and who are local i however, and not national men, they have i magnanimously agreed that no one shall j bo debarred from becoming a member of ! their societies on account of race or color, i or anything else, provided they go in heartily for negro suffrage. The radicals in Congress are patronizing them freely, and under their instructions the negroes have passedja series of resolutions, declar ing themselves tax-payers, patriots and native born American citizens, and conse quently entitled to the right to wield the ballot. This they may do in the District of Columbia, and tbe unhappy Territories of the West, but not probably any further, Aside from Ashley’s impeachment resolu tion the proceedings of Congress this week have been generally devoid of any particu lar general interest. The great feature in ; the Senate was the speech of Hon. lleverdy Johnson, on the bill to take away tbe par doning power of the President, which is regarded as one of the most able displays of that great lawyer. If Stevens re covers from the shock he received at Har risburg it is probable that he will open fire again early in the coming week. Arlington. From the Char knot* Mercury. Excitement in Home—Democrats deserve Credit — Ashley's Impeachment , so-cal led —The Scene — President’s Veto in die j Senate—Cowan s Speech—Bthacior of Senators —Ileduction oj'Duty on Paper, etc., etc. \V hen I reached the House, I saw that some matter of moment was going on. Anxious to know what it was, I took a seat among my superiors, the negroes. They did not resent it. Ashley’s impeach ment, so-called, was coming up and the Democrats were fighting it off as best they could; Here let me say that the Democrats de serve great credit for the interest they dis play in behalf of a President who has done so little for them. Their conservatism seems based on something higher than hopes of preferment. Ashley introduced his resolution with much zeal and apparent earnestness. The Republican members crowded around him. Pages ran to and fro excitedly. After the clerk read the resolution, the Republicans gathered around another member, whose name I did not learn, and listened to him as he gesticulated vehemently. The clerk called the roll monotonously. Both among the Republicans and the j Democrats there was much laughter. The i whole thing seemed a farce. Yet, I could NEAT SERIES, VOL. XXVI. NO. 4. but feel that, in the more 'or_ less remote future, trouble will come ofthk Perhaps I am impressible; perhaps 1 recall too vividly the levity with which the farewells I of Southern members,was received in 61. It may be sp. The House was comparatively empty. Impeachment had not aMracaed a crowd. An old mulatto woman in the ladies’ gal lery leaned forward and listened with breathless attention. All the rest took, the matter quite ‘.eoolv. As I went»down stairs, a young fellow_ behind me re- I ported, so a mock heroic tone the words of I Ashley’s resolution. So ended “impeach-- | ment.” •In .Senate, I found Morrill discussing jibe Pivsioimt’s veto-of the Suffrage Bill., ; Even the worst enemies of the administra j ticui are forced to own the ability and ex cellent temper of the veto. Sherman fol lowed Morrill, He is a poor speaker and kept repeating, tiiat there was “nothing noo,’ “nothing noo,” in *the message. Cowan replied to Morrill'ami Sherman, making many good points and displaying some oratorical power. A few members wheeled' their chair, so as to face him. Sumner leaned his head on his hand and listened. Sherman turned his back on him, the room, and then returned again. The other Senators read the news papers. . * The galleries filled rapidly* while Cowan was speaking, many of the auditors being negroes, * who listened in silence. It | is evident that the people of the District j are more keenly alive to this question than i 1 had supposed. It is an odious of despotism and folly, but it is a part of the grand scheme of making Congrese supreme. Well did Cowan say that the District had become “a hunting ground for political experimenters.” lam inclined to believe that the people, would resent this tyranny if they dared. But what impresses me most is tiie relentless composure and almost indifference with which matters of great pith and moment are pushed through : by the Radicals. An attempt is to be made to reduce the duly on paper. The marvel is, that the press, so potential in this country, should have borne this imposition so long. People can’t understand why paper is so dear. They forget that (the world is minus some six or eight million bales of cotton, which the South would have produced but for the war. What’s the consequence? I’ll tell you. Opposite me, at breakfast this morning, sat a well-dressed man from tho North, where money is plentiful. Yet his ‘red-bordered cuffs showed that he wore a colored shirt over his undershirt. This is now the rule. It saves in two ways. You can wear a woollen shirt a week, thus saving washing and cost of material, for two shirts will answer in place of a dozen, No cotton, no shirts; no shirts, no rags; 10 rags, no paper. Q. E. I>. Hermes. A public Scandal. One of the worst indications we have yet.had of public demoralization was ex hibited in the streets of our metropolis the day after New Years. The vice of intoxi cation has heretofore been almost wholly monopolized by the men; but hereafter there is, it would appear, to be less differ ence between the sexes in this particular, and the consumption of spirituous liquors has received anew impulse from an entire ly unexpected source. For some time past there have been mysterious, hints that social morality was at a very low ebb, and certain features of the style of dress were severely criticised iu some of our city jour nals. However, as “progress” is the watchword now in everything except prin ciple and virtue, the evils denounced have continued to grow apace, and in somo respects we have already surpassed the most notorious cities of the Old World. It is not, wc believe, tho task of the journal ists to deal with these loathsome subjects in their detail, and it is to be regretted that some of our papers do so; hut such as force themselves on the public attention cannot bo passed over in silence. Os such a character is the painful exhibition that took place in New York on tho day refer red to, when women of otherwise respecta ble appearance literally reeled through the public thoroughfares as they proceeded fyM.'i.S ; to ’ ..o making their New hero been a few isolate , - U and. the matter, might ■ ;r WiU'.uttr'rehtiftK, but' i •rn.it: it to remain u’ ■ lived. •In .-.ome instances the intoxi cated persons were not more than sixteen years old, and the sight presented was dis gusting in the extreme. What homes these unfortunate creatures represent, where licentious indulgence usurps the place of parental authority, and tho old and young are alike steeped iu vice and crime. It is a sad reflection that while the country is overshadowed by an infamous gang of conspirators, wbo are plotting tbe overthrow of its freedom, tbe greatest license prevails in society, and men and women fiing off the restraints imposed by general respect and public opinion. The liberty to do right is superseded by unre strained license, ard the good and the vir tuous Jong for the day when men shall j recognize the principle of authority in j the moral as well as in the political world. However much people may differ as to the. cause of this demoralization, there is no controversy in regard to the character of its effects on the rising generation. Here in New York, if | what we hear be true, the prolific source j of many social and moral evils is to be found in our public schools, those much vaunted institutions which were to give us a race of beings superior to any that had yet been seen on the earth. But we must confess we do not care to speak of what wc have been told in this particular, and will content ourselves with the expression of the hope that the people will one day take the question of the education of their | children out of the hands of politicians into : their own. We would warn them that j there is no . time to be lost if they would check the evil before it is too late. I That the war has been largely instru mental in aggravating these evils and in i promoting the increase of crime is too j patent to admit of a doubt. We know | that when the fever was at its height | Washington was literally a sink of pol -1 lution, and it can hardly bo said to have undergone any change when we i consider that one branch of the Nation- I al Legislature at least is ruled and direct* ;cd by a notorious sensualist. It is i men like this one who arc, each in Iris own : sphere and within tho circle of his influence, j straining every nerve to drag tho country ! down to the abyss of degradation into which they have fallen. Shall they sue ! ceed ? Shall they continue to rule and ruin? The people must answer these , questions.. They cannot afford to remain S supinely indifferent, while not only their ! country, but their children arc going to ! destruction. It is time they understood that there can be no reliance placed in public virtue that has not private mortality ! for a foundation. So long as our rulers ! are virtuous, so long will our laws bo justly j and equitably administered ; but give their ! administration into the hands of unscru pulous and designing men and not only the ! public interests must suffer, but the char- I actor of the people cannot help being in ! juriously affected. The repulsive sight ; presented in the streets of New York a ! lew days ago. will, if Radicalism extends : from the political field to the social circle, ! eventually be witnessed in other cities be ] sides our own. Political and social de moralization generally go hand-in-hand.— N. Y. Vindicator. A CALIFOIi.iIA PIOXEEB. How a Young Man Acchicved Success. A San Francisco correspondent tells the following remarkable story of one of the pioneers of the Golden State: "The history of the pioneer of Me.. low Lake is one of the most interesting that I ever listened to. There must be some thing exceedingly fasinating in the life of' a trapper, spent as his has been among the wildest portions of the Sierras, to induce a young man of energy and enterprise to forego the comforts of home and the pleasures of society, to live the solitary life of the mountaineer, having for his companions only the untamed dwellers of the desert. Yet young men who think of coming to this country in search of em ployment will do well to emulate his example. I say to all such,, take the ca reer of this young mountaineer for your guide, and in a few years you may be come, as he has, a man of influence and wealth. The name of this young pioneer is Hardy., lie is about thirty years of are, although his fresh features make him P k much younger. He is small in size, slim and erect in figure, with a frame knit to gether with sinews of great strength and endurance. Years ago he was a clerk in an importing house in Philadelphia. By strict economy and close attention to be ness he laid by quite a nice little property, and had as fair prospects before him as at't v young man could desire. Then came the crisis of 1857, and left him penniless . Not discouraged by reverses of fortune, he left his Eastern home and came out to Cali fornia, and failing to obtain such a situa tion in the city as he thought himself en titled to, he went into the mountains and I established himself as a hunter ami trap- I Fos, a a n 0 ? g J lle Sierras. During the fall of > tool he built a cabin on the head Waters ' the Aifierioan river and proceeded to foi tily himself for the approaching winter. During that winter the snow fell to thi depth of twenty-eight feet,‘and snow-drifts * covered his cabin twenty-five feet below the surface? and so great was the pressure that it required thirteen massive timbers to support the roof. He tunneled an en trance to the cabin which was sixty-five ieet long. During that time he tended two hundred and seventy-five traps and dead falls, and he succeeded in obtaining many valuable animals. In 1862and 18G3 he lived in the. vicinity of Castle Peak) where he remained for live months in com plete isolation. At one time, when te sei.ged by storms, he was kept a prisoner •u. his cabin for thirty-two days; the snow being at that time over fourteen foot deep over tho surrounding country. In 1863 lie heard, from some herdsmen who had been ranching their cattle in the moon* tains, that thecountryroundabontMeadow" lake abounded in leges of some kind of metal, of what they were not able to tell. In the following year he penetrated the region alone, and from one of the high peaks near by, discovered the' Excelsior ledge. Jug at the samel time, discovered the Great Eastern ledge, and at once locat es them, lie also discovered and located numerous other mines, which, if they turn 01 -n a * 'ytll as present appcaranecs indicate, will make'him one of the millionancs of the country. Not having to develop his mines, has -had the good sense to associate with him practical business men, and they form the Excelsior Mining Company, lie is now living on his rancho in a neat little eabm near the Excelsior mine, and Dame Rumor says that he lias been to Washing ton Territory after a bride to cheer his lonely cabin. \\ Wilier successful or not there are two or t hree of that same brig ade left who would willingly carry their light and sunshine into any' man’s cabin and only waiting to bo asked.” News and Other Items. The Italian Churches arc perfumed, llothchild has bought a fine horse. “Time is money” only when it “ -passes .” General Forrest is building forty-five miles oi railroad. Miss 1 alfrey, author of “Herman,” is Writing anew story. Spirits are believed to write with a medium pen. Memphis can get up more sensations than any city in America. . 11 ashington stood six feet three m Ins slippers. The Jesuits are openly preparing to dc part from Home. . A Canadian divine asserts that St. Pat rick was not a Catholic. Prayers for the Pope are being offered up in tne French churches. . Twenty-one iron bridges have been built m Cincinnati for tho Pacific Railroad. Thecattle plague lias extended to Lower Austria and Moravia. The Supremc jCourt of New Jersey lias debt tmt a lqUor ,ji ’ i is not a legal The aggregate-cost of the buildings - tc d m Chicago, last year, was $8,000,- In 1849 the deaths from cholera in Lon .to I *, 111 10,000 inhabitants, in icAito, the deaths were only eight in 10,000. The'Canadian Confederation bill has been defeated in Prince Edward’s Isle, by a Jarge majority. General Grant has won Lis suit before the Circuit Court, for tho possession of his iarm, a tew miles from St. Louis. Better reports arc arriving from the south and west of Ireland. Business, winch had almost ceased, has improved. A woman of Utica, just deceased, was married three times, and each time her nusbana s name was Tompkins. Richmond is recovering slowly from the eilects ol the war. Nineteen weddings took place at Con cord, x\. 11., on Christmas day. The Mexican muddle, like tho plot of a dime novel, thickens. Countess Iremechka d$ liegueska. of .Paris, is in New Yori-v fc " " ’ ai-diter of Governor 'V ortii, oi North Carolina, died recently! C. G Clay’s property hap been libelled tor conuscation. The Boston Evening Commercial has suspended publication. Nearly 10,000 persons in Chili are physi cally or mentally helpless. Anew militia system is proposed in Illi nois. hat has Congress done ?— Ex. The members have drawn their pay with remarkable promptness. An ardent Etomologist lately foil in love with a lady solely because of her beetle brows.—| Punch. By the incorporation of certain Polish Provinces by Prussia, Poland has ceased td exist. Rev. Henry A. Wise, Jr., has been ap pointed Rector of Trinity Church, •Harris burg, Va. Postage stamps, in all twice the length of tho Mississippi river, were sold last year. A newstory, entitled “The History of the Greatest Scoundrel in New York,” is an nounced. A Wall street operator is reported to have given his wile a Christmas diamond set wortli over $60,000. A. Judson Crane, a prominent member of the Richmond bar, died on Thursday of last week. u A n exchange .calls Professor Gardiner the distinguished soapist.” Soapist is good. Ihe centre ol the United States is one hundred miles west of Fort Riley, Kansas. Johnny Steele, the two millionaire, is now door-keeper for a negro minstrel troupe. A man with three wives, the other side oi the water, was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment. Cheap. me New York Legislature shows signs ot repealing the anti-free pass law of last winter. i’-ir. Joseph Booth, brother of Wilkes Booth, has appeared at the Royal Prill cess Theatre, .Edinburg. lhe exact number of Confederate dead buned in the vicinity ot the various camps m Unto has been ascertained to be 2,3 1)7. Richmond papers say there are two ne gresses m Richmond aged respectively 104 and 105 years. James B. Campbell, the recently chosen United States Senator from South Caroli na, is a native ofOxford, Mass. A young man just out of Auburn Prison, says he has lost all love and admiration for “Auburn locks.” A Chicago paper intimates that Senator j rum bull has been doing a thriving busi ness on borrowed brains. Said Quilp, as lie emerged from the watch-house early yesterday— “ The night is passed, Joy cometh with the morn.” The Round Fable pronounces Swinburne the strongest, truest, snd most original poet we have had in the present genera tion. A lady in Covington, Ky., while walking along the street, on Saturday, slipped down and crushed to death her year old baby, which she was carrying in her arms. The Pickpocket’s Toast —The And that can feel for another’s pocket handkerchief, and the Art that can prig it without de tection. — Punch. When Talleyrand was asked for his auto graph, he used to write his name on the very top of the .sheet, as a diplomatic cau tion. A little boy, after, saying his prayers, rose up and said to his irreligious parent, Now. father, 1 have said my prayers; have you said yours, or don’t men pray?” I be mouth of the Amazon is large enough to taxe in the States of Massachusetts and • a- ,V and ' Su rP<we it should do it. kinu.y suggests a Richmond paper. ~\r v " u “' r ' T t! 2 has been opened oppo .-nc Havana. It was inaugurated on Sun au}, titty yards from a church. The piajers ol those who worshipped God, and tne yeJs and profane oaths of the bull-ring freely commingled. The minister of Education in France, M. Duruy, has ordered people’s libraries to oc established in all the mairies of Par is. Large rooms have been hired for this purpose, and they will be warmed and light ed in the evening for the use of the work ing classes. A. T. Stewart, the New York merchant prince, is a native of Logan, in the county of Armagh, which town,; during the late famine in Ireland, was bentfitted largely by Mr. Stewart’s liberality. Not more than thirty-five years ago, Mr. Stewart’s mother, then the wife ot John Martin, kept a furniture store in Chatham square, while Mr. Stewart himself kept a modest dry goods store on Broadway, opposite the Park.