Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

OLD SERIES, VOL. LXXYi. Chumifle & s'egtin#l. ► H j.MiV MOOHK, A. It. WKHiirT. - S i-t-ii-t-:- n;rrr—^rrarsa TLiOI* OF ‘-l HMKiHTKI*. *1 -.'it,•!»,,,. . . 75 a rwt fl'r.v. GA i »?SR\kSfUT XtHi.VlSti, ftJBRPAW Vi. Contraction of Hie Currency. An i mod florrosfiondtiit Asks the ro- I'ullir-.tion of ib<; subjoined eommuniea , ti- ;i. tat !• from the New York Berald, , and »i ks if the logic:« not irrefutable. Wo com !>:;■ <•}.•• rfhily whhtbe requertfor republics ti'oi. \\'( are solicitous ft all times to . di qiiay to our readers thn argument ’, >r« und co», nit all important questions, so far as oar limits will allow. In the ! K "'it c* ", wo do not think that the auction mos very great importance. In d> i, at the South gold and silvor, greca h icks and truional hank currency, are so lamentably dofi.-foot that a serious divcns >: oi of the relative merits of circulating iij'- iiums—all of which are beyond our roach —becomes almost a j'arce. In such a disco ion the .South is nretty much in the condition of the Irish beggar, who, being road, astraddle.a stick horse, was asked if he was taking a. ride to-day. lie replied, i es, your Honor; but if it was not for t!i- honor of the thing, I might as well be walking. 'I here is only left to the South bat the steady and energetic? application of the.rule which she has always recognized an ; enforced. A sound system of agricul ture is the only true basis for a sound system of finance. We can only obtain greenbacks, national bank notes, or gold, by producing that which can bo exchanged f..r them. If Providence favors the South tins year with auspicious seasons and good c. the-o questions will present them sel v ’ s with a v.-ry different bearing. i.ut, in complying with our correspon dent . request, wc do not wish to be con - lns endorsing the article. Whilst the communication contains some views win ei an: unque tionahly sound and sensi ble, there is much in it that not only does not satisfy the requirements of correct lo.v- or sound finance, but is absolutely, in l or ey. s, the shallowest sophistry. For example; Mr. Oldhuck asserted that tlm Hon. Feerotary of the Treasury “has more than doubled on currency sinco gold was soiling for $2 80, ’ and .asked, “if expan sion will bring down gold fifty per cent., how much will contraction bring it down?” Ihe success and conclusion of tho war gave the public tho assurance that the nee c-ity fir further largo issues of paper 0" : ed to exist. This restored confidence by enabling the public to estimate definite ly the volume of paper issues as compared with tho supply of gold. The accumula tion of one hundred milliufis in gold, or oik fourth the issue of greenbacks as a surplus, after paying the interest accrued in a nim.de y. ar, lias increased confidence in tlm ability of the Government to redeem its pup ri- c ; with gold w ithin a short time. 1 Bus, clearly, on Mr. Oldbuck’s own princi- I pin of “supply and demand, ’’ there is j more currency in tho country than gold ; j hence gold being the scarcer article, a greater proportion of currency is required j to obtain gold. In other words, gold bears ! the highest price. Heduco the value of greenbacks to the amount of gold, and make the one convertible at option into the other, the inevitable result will bo that both will ho rated at tho same value. But then- is. another reply to Mr. Oldliuek, iu ids own stylo of argument. If an expansion of double the amount of currency brings down gold fifty per cent., will not an cx pun.-aui if quadruple the amount of cur rency plao * currency at a premium and gold at a dmount ? A vain Mr. Oldhuck, in tho teeth of daily transactions in Wall street, as well as all over the country, attempts, in tho shallowest kind of reasoning, to confute tho stntomou: of the lion. Secretary of the Tr-a-ury. “nut we have au irredeemable •paper currency," which lie considers an evil, an 1 proposes to remedy. The Mr. Oldhuck -of the North may talk flippantly, an 1 propose experiments in irredeemable currencies, and they may indulge them selves with impunity in' such harmless sp ■ slat ions so long as the surplus of gold in ;he f; usury continues to bo increased, and especially so long ns that increase is at the rate of one hundred millions per an num. But how any Southerner (more es pecially our friend who contributed so handsomely), after Mr. Memmiuger’s grand experiment, can for a moment tuivo cat‘ an irredeemable currency, wo are ut terly at a loss to understand. It is doubt ful if support in such policy could bo ob tainel from Mr. Memmiager himself now; and tailing in that, it is quite certain that it could be obtained uowhe.ro else in tho So-called. JONATHAN' OI.rUJUCK’S WORDS OF SOBER- Vi -s TO THE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS. To the lh litor of the Herald: Tin* Sccictary of tho Treasury proposes to bring at.mit specie payments by con tr...'ting tiu-currency. You will romem bo • tha\ since g. id was selling for $2 so tho Secretary lias more than doubled on cur rency ; und in tiie face of ids making our- | n ■ > ru, idly tho price of gold lias I g id'ually '.lien to 13.5, or more than fifty j jvi-eem.* Will the Secretary toll us how ! i!.' , bring down gold to par by eontrae- ! ti ,wo a fai:s so rapidly by expan- j so n? Tiiis us n plain, practical question ! that and uiands a clear and mathematical i an -wo:-. If xp.insiou brings down gold] fifty per cent, how much will contraction town? Will the Tribune, the Now York /' . or .EVprc.ft answer this ques- j t.. a for the Secretary? The secretary and Commissioner Wells itiv "gold an l silver are a standard of v. no." Is tills, true ? Does not every trader know that* supply and demand Is tho standard of value m market? If there are more cattle ill tho market than there are purchasers, does not the butcher know that tho pried of boot must fall? and so of every article that is a subject of purchase and sale among traders. When au article uuis! bo sold it is worth to the seller what it wiii bring. If a farmer wants a com and cannot swap away a steer ora horse for the o w, then he must sell his steer or horso amt buy a cow. Here the use of money is mantle**;** 1. It is “no standard of value," bu a convenient means to assist in the cx- Bus, says the Secretary, “wo have an Imdocnial-ie paper currency.’’ Is this true? We have nothing in* circulation inn mom y. Is money redeemable,? Why, it is the redeemer of all pecuniary ohhga bjeet for sp< ti n* nioio-y by aet of Congress, is redeemed in the way intended every hour in the day. My. creditor is bound to take it from me in payment of my debt, and he thus redeems j! from me: au l so, in ail business trans actions. each buyer and seller is constantly redeeming our legal tender. It is because Congress has coined paper, as it coins gold, and fixed its value, that is money. Gobi is made money by Congress, and so is paper. If Congress shall declare any oil, r thing money, and “fix its’value,” it will be money. The Secretary does not speak truly when he says our legal tender is an “irredeema ble euvrency," It is neither practically nor theoretically true. T S tv'.ary says “there is too much ' r,' , . m country.” is this true? 1 Wlu.n money is abundant it is very cheap; I wiit u < -n,v*J uis very dear. This is the ! oniv , ■ iuni. Does any man complain of i.:r. a:;t<'d much? If he has an excous Ui. r are ; kuuy of men who will give him go and uii'.ive property for it. Honey I . • .. unaresi ; therCfose no oao v.ffl ii id it ..is h> can make more than tv veu j\- e cent, c ,* of i„;use. Make xc. sy . . This v** 11 e6e l'ii the moat.,- lender, v.’ho in a uoa*pro din . M.-s • r . y plenty arid you be-u-v: the iuc '• y l>o.‘rc w-er," who is tho iudn iriou; prouvi-or. Who then, will the l o.i-nrov’r .-hvv vioiic-v lender t It is iho uvy iv.'.v.vr ~.uu UiO Secretary ;U* vors ? Tho Secre.ary ssr thv.t u : ,va* t evil? • uioro taiui fifty eddion 1a- col- ; bonds were sucouvciy.H .-.do no v: V.v , t the r,r :, : ' i u ,-Vi \v. • -1 l>i-oa«t~; i were KO low that i,.n little v ulil hc,l.ro t; :vtt to muitet. As moii as pnuw #uv»uo..t ** ■ lit to our farmers the railroads anti canals j were overrun with freight and travel. ! The roads were enabled to pay off tlieir j debts and make dividends, which gave the j cash value to ail th -ir bonds and Stocks, t white Hit) proceeds of the produce en^Moa !the iwr Imiffs of the Went, to nay their indebtedness to .New Verb, and tm~o pay ments und this increased value U> railroad ! securities enabled, our merchants to stand t up uudfet their great losses at the Houih. j apd subscribe largely to the loans of gov- I eminent. Hf these great I -iu ; t'Ps, besi ffnp ! making our farmers rich, are part of ttie j i-vils which the Secretary sees in high ' 1 prices, it is very apparent that the great I West will not agree- with him. The Secretary says that our hew coined money which wo call legal tender has ad vanced prices. Is this true ? What raised tho price of (low, pork, &r„ in tijo West when the war commenced ? - as is not the demand for government j a-io? Did currency put up tho price ? , Di 1 not tin. increased demand enable the 1 inner -of the groat West to get high i prices for their produ'-e through the ev.-ni- 1 fill period of our war 1 Docs tin* Hocrefaty j complain of their prosperity and wish tp ! cheek it by curtailing their means of pro- ! and icing and .scliinif ? Th* laborer* of 'tue I country Wore r ent from the West, and thus 1 curtailed production. Tiiw were sent as 1 soldiers to the South, and thus became 1 do ,/rOji rs and consumers. Dn'ring the I war and since we iKtve imported more tlVinri j we exported, and tluis xa ran ap-n debt in I-.u ip", und a gicat demand sprang upon I our sea j oris for «11 usporiablo articles. Si that the balance dr price of exchange rose so high that our exporters were able h» pay $lO for a barrel of flounin New York and eend it to Liverpool mid sell it there for $7, and make money by the transaction, adding the present rates of exchange. Tpus tho rate of exchange on Europe Jja* guyernfad inn-prlnuu ,if w»iswp«y>e*i>s articles; rfrnrTiks thus kept up-wrjirices which now rule in bur markets. When exchange shall be at par i which is 109), the shipper will not lie able to pay more than $0 for Hour that he sells in Liverpool for $7. Therefore with the decline in the price of exchange will be in a decllno in the price of all kinds of produce that is now being exported. Is this true? Every merchant who gives ids check to pay for a bill on Europe knows that the prices of all exportable articles, Including gold, rise and fail with the price of exchange. •Since our Government coined paper and fixed its value we have not used gold for banking or mercantile purposes. It has been given up to commerce and now rank* | among our ex portable prod nets. It is pro duced by our laboring population at the rate of nearly eighty millions per annum. More than sixty millions of this gold lia* been s'-nt tho last year to Europe with otir cotton, flour, grain, pork, beef, Ac,, and when these articles are stripped the merchant draws his bills of exchange against tho products, and sells his bills to j tho importer, who remits to pay for his j purchases. Thus gold has no more control over prices here than any other article ex ported lias, because tho importer will pay fora hill of exchange, drawn by a respon sible banker, the same price whether tho bill is made bya shipment of cotton, pork, flour, Ac., or gold. When, therefore, the importing merchant shall decrease his purchase of bills of exchange by ceasing to import and exchange shall exceed "the demand, then it will drop down to par; then the balance of trade will turn in o-.ir favor and bring back gold; then the current from our mines will meet the return cur rent from Europe, and our Sub-Treasury and banks will ho surfeited with it. When this time arrives, which is now close upon 1 us, who but the Secretary would prefer the ! ponderous gold to our convenient leg.-tl tender. Jonathan Oi,Dacca, “ Mo. Si Wall street. A Sow Wonder—Stale Bights—-Chase with the Majority. The Supreme Court of the United States has had before (hem the question wheth er— “lf a Stato prohibits lotteries, can tho Federal Government, as in tho Internal Revenue Bill, license them to exist des pite tiie State of Sow York ?” It. will he perceived that this question directly involves the right of a State to make such internal regulations as may pro tect her from the exercise, within her bor der, of an universal or illegal traffic. It revives the great question which the war i seemed to have settled forever—that the I States had no rights which might not bo ' destroyed by tho action of the Federal Congress, and denies this power which hr,s been claimed and exercised by the Pro fi dent and the last Congress in hundreds of cases. She court decides—Chief Justice Chase delivering the opinion—that 1. The license under tho act of 1864, and tho amendatory acts Confer upon the license no authority to carry on the licensed business within the State. 2. The requirement of payment for licenses is simply a mode of imposing taxes on the business, and tho prohibition under penalties against carrying on the business without a license,is only a means or mode of enforcing tho payment of such taxes. 3. The provisions of the act of Congress requiring suoh license, anil imposing penalties for not taking out and paying for them, are not contrary to tiie Con stitution or public policy. 4. I he provisions in tho act of lsfifl, for tho imposing ofspecial taxes in licuof payment for license, removed whatever ambiguity existed in tho previous laws, and tiro in harmony with the Constitution and public policy, 0. Tho recognition by tho acts of Con gress of tho power and rights of the State to tax, control or regulate any business carried on within its limits is entirely in harmony and consistent with an intention on the part of Congress to tax such busi ness for national purposes. It follows, therefore, that the prohibition of any business by the Stale does not eou tliiit with tiie right of tho Government to tax such business where being carried on, nor does the license, under the act of 1861. give the licenser authority to violate the laws of a State by engaging therein in a business rendered unlawful by statute. Tlw’re is no dissenting opinion iti these cases.” This is one of the most cheering indica tions for the safety of the Republic which wo have noticed in many months. It is far in advance of the Milligan case, in that it is the unanimous decision of the Court, and delivered by uo less a personage than the Chief Justice himself. The New York Express, in commenting upon this decision, says; “Thus States Rights prevail, by tho de rision of the Court, over Federal Acts of Congress, seriously sanctioning Liquor sales, and Lotteries! States are groat in stitutions (are they not?) when they maintain our ways of thiuking,—but mis erable enemies when they do not! “Anon, —as men resume their sense, and free themselves from the hard, harsh, goading chains of Fanaticism, all will see—that the States, acting indue subor dination to the Federal Government,* are the life of liberty, and the prop and pal ladium of Property. The States alone can snatch this Republic from tho lawlessness and utter recklessness of Congressional ; consolidation and despotism—more es ; pecially when that despotism is created, as now, in tho Rump Congress, by the ex pulsion of some members and the lawless exclusion of vdL !e States from representa tion.” Pork Packing in the West. A correspondent of tho Springfield (111, )- Journal gives the number of hogs packed in the West this season (to the 12th ult.) as follows; No. No. this season, last season. Chicago 382,000 501,462 i Cincinnati 380,000 354,070 St. Louis 1315,000 116,700 Louisville 162,000 01,000 : Milwaukee 82,600 02,000 Quincy 2,'v'OO 26,162 Indianapolis 50,130 36,000 Burlington 12,500 11,517 Springfield 10* tOO 8,000 ! Ottumwa 11,500 11,500 I>es Moines 10,000 8,000 Galena 16,000 6,800 i Keokuk 30,000 31,000 , Lafayotte 33,000 22.416 ! Muscatine 4.400 3,700 i Delphi 6,000 j’oss Terra Haute 16,600 14,500 i Logans port 500 ’SOO I luicon.... ... 6,o<V> s,s>:> ! Peoria 2,700 If*'s27 ■ Farmington, lowa. 500 s’.; 00 i I Canton 500 2,4i*l ! | Fokin 2,000 2,000 i Hagerston 3,000 1 049 ; - iuueio, Ind 11,000 4,400 Newcastle 3,500 none town | Frcuoricksvilie'.V.V" 4,000 L4Ui i New Albany 10,502 803 ' ...1,416,741 1,399,621 i; Ls evident HU list is not complete, :\i:z 2 ;L.: there are several important i . vh.v.-”. 11l aoD, three large ■e..' cii.k is ....-o m.'-.'.i.g from tho loved hi iV ..ah : t.*id * nlugiug the t lu.. ...1. ■. . Let ween \i atvfioru ami ' Cum s iatis. Manufactures In Blchmond County. The following statistics of manufactures ’ in Richmond county is taken from the i eighth United States Census Reports. The : reader will he able to gather from them j much valuable information. It is not to 1 he presumed’that these tables furnish a fair j ekponeUt of. the state of the manufae j lures reported at this time. And again j they arc deficient SJany branches ofinJus • try have grown up sine: the war, and * kite to an extent not generally known. Take, for example, the single article of harness leather. Heretofore Augusta has been wholly dependent; oh the North tor this , article. Now Augusta exports this article i to New York, where it commands the highest.,price, t-ndjtLis export is over and : above a heavy demand from the interior. It w 2! be seen, by the table, that the whole number of artisans employed was eight hundred and one. We have not the j data at hand requisite for any accurate j comparison, but we venture the assertion I that the number so employed has been in creased fifty per cent. * It is a curious feature in the table that “marble works” is exhibited as having been carried on at positive loss. However, our readers can work out these results each for himself, just as interest or curiosity may prorrSt: RICHMOND COUNTY IN 18GO. ichmond county is represented by the Census of tln« United States for l s'.ij by the Table of Manufactures as follows : ’ ’ Manufactures No. ol Estate- . I Cost of Raw I No. of J (amis. Annual Cost | Annual Value 9 lishments. '-uptui. J Material, j Males.- I Females. of Labor. of Products. sandshoes... j 8 $ 3,000 I .$ 4,420 1 10- j 2 § 5,100 I g 12 720 binding 1 10,000 2,820 2 1,200 | (i’oOO i Gins 2 8,500 ( 3,555" 11 | 5,730 J 18*0'2o! I floods I 2 260,000 187,511 131 l 222 70.320 I 315*419 ■tour and Meal 4 12t,000 | 435,750 I 10 | 8,610 | 513J00 jwurnitiiro, Cabinet 1 10,000 4,540 85 - 9,000 | 15*000; -Iron Casting 1 22,(500 8,050 20 7,200 j 30*000; tiiimber, Planed 2 40,000 22,700 | 20 5,400 I 35*500 tiumlior, 5awed......... 16 281,050 28,189 $53 2 10,428 j 74J140, ilachinervu e*itlton and woolen... 1 9,000 11.413 8 2.880 i (5* 12.5; iMiieinnerv, Steam Engines 2 53,400 14(459 00 lB,OOO I 79*17.5! ; .Jarbio Works 1 3,000 f 1,200 7 3,300 I 3’oooi I printing, Newspaper and Job 4 63,500 48,180 64 3 42.900 I 110,808! ; iftwh, Dows and lllinds 1 40,000 15.100 10 8.600 j 30,000 1 to J ji1,025,650 §800,620 J 571 280 $227,426 | $1,302,912 ! Nobie Sentiments. A writer in the Louisville (Ky.) Journal makes a long argument against tho union of the Democratic and the Conservative parties of that State, and insists upon the organization of anew parly to be called tho “Conservative Union Party.” Prentice, the editor of tiie Journal, opposes this now oFg auization, and advises the union of all the elements opposed to Radicalism with the Democratic party. Prentice has been a lifelong Whig and bitter opponent of tiie old Democracy, but now, when the old political issues which divided Whigs and Democrats have passed away, lie can see no reason why the good men of both of the old parties should not : unite ior the common weal. In commenting upon the reasons which I arc urged by those of his old party, why j they cannot co-operate with the Democrat- 1 io party, and particularly to the objections which is made against the antecedents of a large number of tho party, ho says : “Is this objection good ? Is it an ob jection which vindicates the necessity of a Third party ? Clearly not. A party, whatever its ordinal number, must stand upon some living issue ; but here, as else where in the Union, there is no living is sue except the issue of the supremacy of the Constitution and the issue of the supre macy of party necessity. The latter of these issues forms the basis of the Radical, party of the State, and tho other forms the basis of tho organization to which our friend objects; there is no other living issue hero. What is there, accordingly, fora third party to stand upon ? Opposition to the rebellion ? The rebellion does not exist. Opposition to itds a dead issue. Opposition to those who rebelled ? When they submitted to the Constitution we forgave them, restor ing them to the full enjoyment of citizen- i ship. Opposition to them is also a dead j issue. Shall we try to revive it ? Shall | we tell the Radicals that tho case upon j which they rest the vindication of their j policy is true f— that those ivho rebelled j arc rebels still ? Shall we now endorse the Radical aspersion of the men for whom we so lately stood sponsors at the baptis mal font of the Constitution? Because they love their late comrades batter titan their late foes, are more excited by Dixie than by the Star Spangled Banner,and send fewer reports of county meetings to the Journal or Democrat than to the Courier, j shall we recant our magnanimity, mar our j i justice, and libel our cause? On account! of mere umbrage, shall we seek to do ■ what, if we could do it, must strengthen ; the Radical party of the State, set on the i ! Radical party of tho country, and rekindle j , the fires of the rebellion in the hearts of 1 I our own people ? No! and, if we should 1 [ be weak enough to seek to do it, we would \ | have our folly for our pains. The dead i issue would not be revived. It is dead ! beyond the reach of resurrection. And I we rejoice in the event. “What is there, we repeat, for a third i party to stand upon ? Nothing. There is ! nothing to stand upon : and we fain would i believe that there is nobody to stand upon | it. If. however, our friend should attempt I to stand upon it, \ve in advance wish him j j a safe deliverance from the impossible j ! feat. But we hope he will not make the ; attempt” It will be remembered that the author of the above patriotic and elegant extract was one of the strongest adherents cf the Federal cause throughout the war in the whole State of Kentucky. We believe that his action wasffounded upon princi ple. We believe that he honestly sup ! ported the war as the only means of pre serving the Union, and that he is perfectly i consistent now in demanding that the ; South should be ehabiiitated in all the rights and privileges which, under the I Constitution, are guaranteed to all the States of the Union. However much we differ with Prenriee upon the abstract rights of the States— however much we may condemn his course during the war--the Southern people will minify thetr own character and blacken their fair fame if they should fail to appre ciate the noble sentiments which he utters ; in behalf ot the oppressed and impoverish ed white people of the lately seceded States. ” E cut the following advertisement from ■ ; ,i..a.K tpilia Ir, jtiirer, an extreme 07 : V. COLLAR REWARD.— RUXA ’ * •‘-•ALLIE SI -AS ART, anindentur e i colored girl. All persons are hereby cauii.nted against harboring or trustinlr her on my account. fm-above reward, but no charges, will be paid on he r return to me. si. V. STRING FELLOW, No. 7 in Federal si AUGUSTA, GA., NVEDSESIrfr MOKNING. EEBRUaKY 13. 1807. j Forney’s Press on Cleveland’s Stephens. j The Fret*, publishing the correspondence ; batween President Lincoln and Mr. Stc ; phens, pronounces them “valuable contribu j lions to political history,” and affirms that “they constitute an overwhelming vlndi -itiiju of the Republican party before the rebellion.” Bat the past is dismissed summarily, and the writer rushes to attack I State sovereignty, and to indicate the j wrong of the Radical policy of the Repub ! iicaa party now. The writer asserts that ! '‘they (the South) declared that they sece ded upon the doctrine of State sovereignty, arid yet their very first’act was to destroyScate sovereignty by consolidating themselves into a slave despotism, by making the very seces sion which was the pretext for their own treason, treason cn tho part of any one of themselves who might choose to resort to it as against the bastard Confederacy. And furthermore, they placed everything upon the issue of the hazard—personal liberty, personal rights, and life itself—and they lost a!!, disdaining to receive anything in the event 01 failure, so confident were they of the success of their wicked con spiracj’. But if, throughout the entire j war, they had done none of these things ; if from the first, they had claimed their right to return to the Union, in the event of defeat, with the same power they en gmoa they, left it, tiudr rebellion Kits in itspJfso causeless, so cruel, and so savage, that theirldefeat placed them entirely at the mercy of the conquerors." Wc present this assertion without com ment, simply because tho questions in volved are not presented to us as belong -1 ing to part of the union of States, but in a nondescript political condition, character ized by the writer as at the mercy 'of the conquerors.” Silence, therefore, is becoming and proper. Whether this si lence will be the silence of Poland or of Ireland, will bo decided by the peopl e ot the North and West, and that decision will j involve the enforcement of doctrines which j affect their political rights and material ' interests far more seriously than it can j possibly affect any of the excluded States. But such questions sink into utter insig nificance when the writer considers “the ! hideous and shameless infamy” of Mr. ; Stephen's “ present position,” of giving “ aid and comfort to the wretched apos tate in tho Presidential office.” It will excite the smile of the reader to learn that Alexander 11. Stephens “and his asso ciates are organizing, under the lead of Andrew Johnson, a new rebellion." Well, if - they do, they will have to send to Germany or Africa, or Pennsylvania or Massachusetts, or some other densely pop ulated country for their (soldiers —none can be had here. Wc hardly think that darkies, sufficient to form a brigade, could \ he seduoed into an enlistment for another 1 war. * The Right Spirit. We are glad to find that there aro a few , Radicals/whose hearts have not been wholly burnt to cinders with the raging fires of bate and vengeance against tho unfor tunate poor of the South, and, at least, one Radical Journal is willing to aid the ; starving women and children of the late j seceded States without accompanying the i proposed charity with a gratuitous in sult. Tho Rochester Democrat, a rabid Radi cal press, in a late issue, says : “The distress in the South lias fallen clileily on women and children, the widows and orphans of thoso who perish ed in the war. Their condition is such, that without help from tho North, it is | probable that many of them will actually dio of cold and hunger. We hope that help will bo liberally afforded, not only to Atlanta, but to every part of tho South whore women and children are. starving. Tliefo is a movement on foot to send relief to the destitute Greeks ot Caridia. But Greeks at our door, our neighbors and our countrymen, have tho first claim upon our charity. Immediate measures, should be taken for their relief before anything is sent to strangers’ fivet thousand miles away.” Wc heartily endorse the remarks of the Memphis Appeal iu commenting upon this unlooked for and gratifying allusion to our suffering poor : “We honor the soul that dictated those lines. The .Southern heart can easily be won by kindness, but never driven by force. Why should there not be the good old feeling existing between us? Wears a people of tho common parent—of the same blood and the same kindred. The bravery of each has been proven on a hun dred bloody battle fields. Let our enmity be turned against a common enemy. This can be done only when these ranting, puri tanical Radicals will attend to their own business at home, and allow us to mark out our own path in peace. In this way only can we live happily together. But you cannot wiu us back by threats and insults. Give us kind words and meet us like broth ers. Wo met you <sn the field and never fiincfied. We fought you a fight such as the history of the world has never seen before, either for gallantry or daring. Learn to honor us for our courage, our persev erance, and our devotion to any cause we promise our faith to, and our glory shall be your victory, and your conquest our triumph. Tho victory of one shall be the glory of the other. This can be done only when you allow each State to rule itself, subject to the restrictions of the Constitu tion, without any interference from outside communities. Give us this, and more of such sentiments as the Democrat has ex pressed, and “wc may be happy yet.” Becoming Alarmed. Some of the leading Radical journals arc becoming somewhat alarmed at the rapid strides made in Congress by their party friends towards the overthrow of Republi can institutions. They have been consulting—and we arc glad to see with good effect—the returns of the elections held last fall in the North ern and Western States, and find that their lease upon the Government is not so strong as many of their leaders seem to think. The Washington correspondent of the the Cincinnati Gazette, one of the most bitter and vindictive of all the Radical tribe, has sounded the alarm.J and calls lustily for caution in any further violent movements of his party. According to this paper the only hope of the country rests in the continued success of the Radical party, and this thought inspires his appeal to his friends to move with ‘ ! caution. ” He says: ••Never before has the need of prudence been so great. Those who condemn Con gress for being slow should think -of this. Such saw with confidence, “Have not the people* declared in thunder tones for Congress? Have we not a popular majority of four hundred thousand?” True enough; but a change of 24,000 votes in the represented Statss will give the Johnson partv the victory in the next Presidential election. A change of less than 9,000 will give the opposition the 26 electoral votes of Pennsylvania; less than 7,(100 will secure the 33 votes of New York ; less than 300 will carry New Jersey; a trifle over 7,000 would change Indiana, and less than 300 Connecticut. These, with those now assured, would put this nation back into the hands of those who wielded its political power before the war, with a Supreme Court to sanction their proceedings, which has retrograded to the period of the Dred Scott decision, and whose march is still in retreat. Those who are urging Congress to steps which the people may possibly fail to endorse, are asking the only body of men who can save the nation without another appeal to arms, to take steps which might insure their own destruction.” This statement probably explains the recent vote on Stevens reconstruction reso lutions, which were consigned to the tomb of the Reconstruction Committee by so large a vote of those, who a few weeks past, were loud in their demands for sum mary punishment upon the people of the Southern States. European steamers from New York j are said to have their full complement of i passengers engaged for the next three ' months. : A Sort YiCrri Taraetii jMvay Auger. | The Rochester (N. \.) ffniou. iu c-om nicntiiig upon the low agjb coutemptible ! conduct of Gen. Griffin in re-losing to per- I mit the obsequies of the la^pnted-General Albert Sidney Johnston in Gplveston, gives,. } the following tribute to 3|s worth aacF j memory; if I Sidney Johnston was) a moat soldier— | probably the ablest in the <*W army at the I tune-th-.* rebellion broke oat. He was a 1 K.&titaekian.. but he had endeared, himself J ! to the Texans by resigning hia commission ; i in the United States servieeSr-iu 1834, :ii vj j enteringthal of the ! the Adjutant General and ifie%?dior Bri~- ; adier Gbneral of its army,uhaequeutiv 5 a .Secretary of War. then, bet do relurhin<r ! to the regular army, the eoUmajjgof its first regiment raised i>r our Mcxi- • eo, and lastly, its champion in qtie attempt at secession.* Xhapeopie of Uwpffouih h*ul tire satno regard for him bqvv have for all their publi- whjeled them in support of the cause for whl.-ij!;fie died. They will always entertain dial feeling 1 and tlleirchildren after them dUr genera- I turns will have it imbued in t£»?*n.“ Indi- : vidua) treason, which proeeosiSjfippa a base - motive, can bo made «.di -us; bfit! the col- ; leclive treason ot com; -a . mi ‘Jons, oet-u- i pying a vast section 1 mn'.rjg with all j the elements of emu're in and about them, and who simply s k tornissbrt the I theory of SQlf-governm.-nt. mr %'theiu- : selves to be found iu ;he, Gflnwdefat© ! i < institution, leaving other sit- j noted people to govern an ! their own way, can never litr-sMye i odious—never.' Those involved in H*will make it respectable in spite 6f pltehifcjWi power. The spreadimr . ern o lisp sing will.neym- adi&jHHEPMti*' fafttm -tftd augh'fThrft :.-.tii,(Wr ng Tim blush to their cheek. The manes of tiie prominent actors in the rebellioh will al ways be glorified by them, and the cause that is lost will ever- be held in their esti mation as one worthy of tiie highest exer ■ tions and greatest sacrifices of a free and enlightened people, n.l are not account ing lor or justifying facts, but simply stating them that they may bo recognized, and that, in view of tl,cm,'thoughtful men may ask themselves whether it is the pint of-wisdom to be making the futile attempt to eradicate frOin the hearts of the South ern people what has come to be a part of their very nature, as tiie General Griffins in the army and in civil stations are doing. Such attempts serve to drive in rather than drive out the objectionable senti ment, and to perpetuate a feud that will make ns forever two peoples. The South fought fora theory or government. We did nothing more. ‘ They'wore beaten—we triumphed. They stand “convinced against their will,” and ail the laws that can be devised by the ingenuity of man can exact nothing more from them than the submis sion they now yield. Kindness, concilia tion, and respect for their manhood can alone change the Southern heart and ifirect its affection towards a union which,now has only the assent of jts cold judgment based upon the circumstance of necessity. Duei. at West I’oint, Ga.—We learn that an affair of Honor came off at West Point, Ga., early on Saturday morning last, between a Major Bakor, of Lowndes county, and a Mr. Austell, of Mobile, in w liich the former was seriously if not mortally wounded in the side. The latter was unhurt; but wo arc informed that the second of Mr. Anstell was Struck in the thigh, by a shot from Major Baker, whose aihl was deranged while in the aet cf falling. The weapons used were small pistols at five paces. We have been unable to learn the cause of tho meeting. The parties wore brought to this city by-the freight train Saturday night, 'anil Major Baker is now at the Exchange - Hotel, re ceiving all necessary .medical attention. Tho whole affair was kept a profound ’secret, and is still shrouded iu mystery. —Montgomery Mail. We had hoped that four years of bloody war would haye furnished ample oppor tunity to all our people to try their hands at blood-letting, and that the most beliger eut Southern blood could have satisfied his thirst for glory in the tented field. Has there not been enough of blood spilt yet? Is there a single man in th- whole South who was, by force of circumstances, kept out of the army, who can at this late day prove his claim to courage by a resort to the Ihiello ? We know nothing of the antecedents of either of the parties in tho above bloody drama, but we do know that tho mortally wounding of one and the serious injury of another will not add to the respect or esteem in which they were held before this, resort to arms. Radical'Monet Coming Smir I :!.—'Tffl? New York Post, in commenting upon the politics of Tennessee, says: Tennessee is far away from ns. Our people are not familiar with nil Ihe details of the struggle for political ascendancy which has been going on there. But it is necessary that wo should take a lively interest in it. Money is needed there, for the support of the loyal press, which are vigorously and ably conducted pour ablest and most effective public speakers should go down there to address the people; northern journals and documents should be sent down there to all who will read ; in short, it is the duty, as it is the interest, of the Republican party to make Ten nessee, during, this winter, spring and summer, the intellectual battle-ground on which, with voice and pen, we may assert and maintain the ideas which must pre vail over the greatest part of this country before we can have a real peace, and which are tlioro the direct issues in the political canvass. In Tennessee we have an op portunity to assert republican principles before the Southern people by our ablest speakers and writers. We trust the ener gies of the Republican organization will be turned in that direct ion, and that be tween now and next August the State will be as thoroughly canvassed by Northern men as any one of the Northern States was during the last.summer and fall. —«tasa 43»«i>— Manufacture of Silk in California. —California is taking a leading position in the manufacture of siik. A correspondent of the New York Times states the result of the efforts to produce a superior article of silk dress goods: In a former letter I mentioned that we were about to inaugurate the manufactory of silk goods. In a window on Mont gomery street the first efforts of the enter prise arc exhibited, being' half a dozen pieces of black dress silk, a yard wide, and pronounced by competent judges equal to any imported article ever offered here. It is firm, heavy, and shows a splendid lustre, and in quality is unexceptionable. The com pany are preparing to go into the manufac ture of dress goods on a large scale, and hereafter the ladies of California will be wearing borne manufactures instead of the imported article. The climate is particu larly adapted to the raising of the silk-worm and the mulberry, and -there is no reason why the enterprise should not be a perfect success. Cruelty to Animals.—We have no societies in our community organized with the benevolent intent of suppressing cruelty to animals. In our semi-civilized condi tion—which Mrs. Trollope, we believe, characterized as Larberous, alleging hos pitality as the badge—animals are at the mercy of tho instincts and interests of those who own or control them. It is only at those advanced points of civilization, such as Boston and New York, that such organizations arc called for by society, and are sustained. In the absence of such an organization, we invoke the aid of the be nevolents of the North. On Saturday evening last we were shocked to see, car ried prostrate on a dray, a turtle—a sea turtle—a sea turtle weighing several hun dred pounds, his feet and lianas cruelly slit, and bound each to the other by Pal metto withs, and, the patient animal turned upon his back, so .a3 to expose his most sensitive parts to tue sun and weather. We were shocked to learn that such had been the condition of the animal for six consecutive days. That ithad been brought from Cuba by a Yankee vessel, commanded by a Yankee captain,consigned to Yankees and delivered by Yankees to a cold-hearted, phlegmatic German who pro posed to cut his throat. As to the feeling andsusceptibility for suffering possessed 'ey Turtles, we have the very high authority of that eminent naturalist, Professor Agassiz, of Boston. Will not the authorities of New York or Boston move in this matter? Will they not urge upon Congress the pressing necessity for an. act regulating the manner in which Turtles shail be im ported? Will not Wendell Philips or But ler or some other philanthropist take this manner in hand and redeem the country from disgrace? Interesting Decision.—The Supreme Court of tho State of Virginia has decided “that a wife's clothes do not belong to her, but are the property of the husband. A Virginia paper, commenting upon this case, says: “By this decision a great many husbands are better off than they supposed, for in not a few instances, the wife’s clothing constitute the balk of the estate.” -Cc Great, stalwart, lusty negro men may be seen loafing arour.i the streets of Houston, half naked, while, if they would go into the country, they would get plenty of work and good pay. ! Correcting History. 1 A mate? in theTLekmoud 'Ehtpiirer, in I noticing a statement recently made in the Atifißtfc fmtdftgettctr, m an article giving an L : music of a ride by John Randolph, ;of IR-moke, and Win. H. Crawford,, of 1 Georgia, to a, Christmas dinner, in which I ! tlm old aeeount of the* duel between ! Randolph and Claja and the cause which led to that uhibrtfiuate difficulty* is given* I * undertakes to-correct the latter part of the ! atSsoitat. which “say* that what led t,o the : duel betwebu Mr. Randolph-and Mr. day * was tho-charge by the former that the : : election of Mu .Adams to the Presidency, 1 j through the treachery of M r - Cltiy, whs a 1 combination Between the puritan and the j Week-leg." ' We believe that this 'Statement of the , cause whidh produced that unhappy and j unfortunate estrangement between | distinguished statesmen and revered pa j trisfs, is that which has received the sanc j tion of the people of this country, and has j passed in to the history of the times as the ; true vession of-the affair. The-Ehqnirer's correspondent says that shortly after tho duel Mr. J. H. Pleasants gave, through the columns of the Rich mond Whig, the true-version of and Wrote put the offensive Words luteredpl •13 alleged, m secret session, which uro- MMplßm call TVoni 3lr. Clay upch Mr.' Randolph. x tie words used by Randolph, according to -ti;-. Pleasant’s statement, are as follows ; Ibis man—mankind, I cravo vowr parilon—-this worm—little animals, forgive tne insult—was spit out of the womb of meanness, was raised to higher life than he was born to—for he was raised to the society of blackguards. Some fortune, km.a to him, cruel to us, has tossed him to the secretaryship o{ State. . . “Cot.tempt lias the property of descend ing, out she stop* far short "of him. She lionet die before she could reach him. .Ho dwells below her fall. “X would hate him, if I did not despise him. xt is not u-hal lie is, but where he is, that puts my thoughts in action. That alphabet which writes the names of - hersil.es, ot Blackguard of iSatialidili/, refuses her letters for him. “That mind which thinks on what it cannot express, can scarcely think of him. An hyperbole for meanness would be an ellipses for Clay.” W c give this correction of the history of the times ior what it is worth : though wo believe that the old account is that which will pass to posterity as tiie real and true version of the cause of the collision. Periodicals. —The *American Journal of Medical Science for January, by Isaac | Nays, M. D., $5. Contents: Observations on Wounds of the Internal Jugular Vein; Internal Aneurism; Trichmasis; Retro gressive Motions in Birds produced by the application of cold to- the Cen real Spine; Detection and Measurement; of Astigmatism; New Method of Employ ing Heat as a Resuscitating-'Agent; Por manganite of Potash in tho Treatment of Carbuncle; Bromide of Potassium in Epi lepsy ; Causes which render ,the Air, in Surgical Wards, Impure; Case of Aphonia Successfully Treated by the Extirpation of Ia T’ibro-Epithelial Neoplasm from the Vocal Cords; Gun-Shot Wound of tho Scull; Transactions of Societies ; Reviews —AmethcsU and the Growth and Structure of Tissues, and on Life;' Bibliographical Notices, and> Quarterly Summary of tho Improvements and Discoveries in Medical Science. Blackwood's Magazine: January: Leon ard, Scott & Cos., New York. Contents: Our Naval Defences; Where aro we? Nina Balatka, concluded ; Sir William Parker, Admiral of tho Fieets; Cov ington’:; Translation of JEneid; Corne lius O’Dowd; The Campaign in Wes -tern Germany ; Women and Children in America ; Brownlow’s Part I, Who are the Reformed, and what do they want. American Educational Monthly, §1 50 per annum—J. W. Schemmcrhorn & Cos., 'MAW ■ TEa«fc»» Coatente : Oceanic Pire*- nomcna ; The Depths of the Ocean; Tho Bed of the Ocean; John Boyd; Isometric Drawing; How Children aro Badly taught to Sing ; The. Master’s Holiday!; Grammar Gone Mad ; Editorial; Eminent Educators Deceased Doctors Doctored ; Test of wise Legislation; A School Editorial. Correspondence ; Inventions for Schools. Phrenological Journal. February Num ber. Contents.- The Beauty of the Prin cess of Denmark and the Young Czara witch, of Russia; .‘.Eminent American Divines, including the Reverend Doctors Stevens, Thomson, Durbin, McClintock, Morris, Janes, Simpson, Whedon, Ames, Fast, Elliott, and Ilavan ; also Hon. J. M. Howard, Capt. E. B. Ward, and Jveri-Keri, au Australian. Cannibal; “Your Like ness,” by Rey. Dr. Weston ; Self-Govern ment; Pope’s Essay on Man, etc., $2 a year. Fowler *c Wells, 389 Broadway, New York. Credit. —“ My word is as good as my bond,” was the favorite boast of Southern ers before the war. The planter, relying upon a fair estimate of his annual income, which foresight, sagacity and assiduity would ring from mother earth, would say: “ I will pay you just so soon as I bring tiie first load of cotton to mar ket; my word is as good a3 my bond.” The merchant, setting apart a day upon which a surplus arising from collection of his debentures, would say that there shall be no failure; my word is as good as my botjd ; that note shall be met promptly. From the highest to the lowest, punctu ality in fulfilling engagements, and promptness in complying with obligations was the boast. Confidence was universally diffused, and credit, her daughter, univer sally entertained. But all this has been changed. Beyond doubt much of the old feeling remains, and even when credit is refused, it is in an apologetic tone, full of regret that tho times have changed; and we, substantiating tho rule of Sallust, have changed with them. It was under ! the influence of acurrent of thoughts simi* j lar to these, that wc read, hanging upon ! the walls of an attachment to one of ] our hotels, ; elept saloons, tho following 1 notification in verso, which wc know was S the inspiration of that sentiment which tho Journal of Commerce, in discussing the Jerome Medal, decides tube the true test * of a gentleman, to wit: a proper regard for the feelings of others: “ If you have no money, A good jilan, I think, Is to say so, gentlemen. Before you call for a drink ; For, it saves my Liquor, I And keeps Gus from fussing, Keeps Bob from totc-ing, And keeps me from cussing.” | Now it is very evident, from the quota | tion, that the author and proprietor is a | gentleman, and a kind-hearted gentleman. ' In the first place he desired to a void “cuss ing,'’ a very ungentlemanlike practice, ; but which we infer, owing to some pecu ; liar idiosyncrasy of constitution, he is ! obliged to open a safety valve to relieve his wounded feelings whenever a loss oc curs, which involves both “Liquor” and money. It is plain that he is conscious of the fact that such conduct iil-becomes the gentleman, and for this reason, as well as i another, he wishes to avoid indulgence. ' Upon the same principle he is regardful of : the welfare of others. “Bob” is evidently i a pugnacious fellow, and “Crus” fusses and ; scolds like a shrew. To save both of these from indulgence in maternal propensities, to which they are biased by habit and | disposition, lie prefers this appeal. The whole notice manifests a good heart, for it is phrased not dogmatically, but modestly and without egotism, tts displayed in the phrase “I think,” and with a proper regard for economy and good morals. From the Philadelphia Prat. A Philadelphia Testimony as to South ern Hospitality. . The writer lias travelled both in the •South and North, seeing the people of both divisions in their homes and as they rcailv are in all the relations of life. He has known the poor white, the small planter, and the aristocrat; known them in their families and in business. He has ] been in their remote mountain districts 1 and in their cities ; and lie can declare on oath, if need be, that of all the meanness, j and inhospiiality, and petty ungentlemanly ; vice which Southern editors are so lavish ascribing to Yankees, he has found a hundred times as much. South of Mason and Dixon’s line as in New England. As n irds hosj itality—that true, unostenta tious, unselfish hospitality of the gentle- . man, as distinguished from that of the j snob, he bsrdJy regards it as existing j among the chivalry at all when compared , to the same among the Yankees. Truth, * | Philadelphia, Jan. 28,18(17, 1 Twenty Skaters browned—Particular of the HisastcA already telegrapliiq accounts of the'disaster in Regent’s Park, London, on the loth uik, by which . twenty persons were (Irowned, ar.J now take the following particulars %om tlfc ] Loudon Times of the 16th : ■ “On that part ot the Orpamental lYatA | in the -Regent’s Park immediately oppo l site Sussex terrace, several thousand per | sops. Iffid been skating -during the ibreiio&n | without any accident faking place, al though the ice was looked upon by the experienced ice-men on duty as*,very" un esai'e. About half-past three o’clock iu the afternoon the ice at the sides of the bank became loosened, and was drawn front .the edge. iVithic a minute the whole sheet dfiec §ver the fall-;vidfh of thfe lake gave way and split ; -ir.to iragtahtits ofl a low yards square. The . eohst<}rnati6ti and alarm of tho skaters, .and other personaion the ice may bo well imagined, apd; a- general rush was i made for the banks. Unfortunately this - broke .up the- soft .ice into Still smaller.l pieces. Numb@fa of periUias'fell through ' tite crevices into the water, which is at y least twelve feet (Jeep, and several ap geared at on'ce to be sucked under the ice. 1 At least two hundred persons were-strug*' | shag, in the yvater, and screaming for help., ; A few, with great presence of mind, threw wligmselves-flat upon the surface of the .pieces ofiice, and.were thus not oply icste-a* mental hi saving. -inhe-water. huf.jiiiMttitil t til assistance came to them. The screams ! of those struggling and sinking in the ! water, and the shouts of the people on the ; banks, added to the horror of the scene. The ieeuicn did all that it was possible j to do under the circumstances, anu three of them narrowly escaped from drowning, j Several of the park-keepers and spectators | rendered all possible aid, and .more thin one hundred persons, within a few minutes of the accident, were got' on shore, tiie great number of whom were so much ex hausted that they had to be taken to, the Humane Society's tent and placed under medical treatment. While this was going on several persons who were in tho water in the middle of the lake, and whom it was impossible for the ieOmcn to reach, the ladders and boats being rendered al most useless, owing to the state of the ice, were seen to sink back exhausted, evidently benumbed with cold, alter vainly on- | delivering to support themselves by clutch- { ing at the rotton ice, which crumbled away 1 in their grasp. What made the scene the more dreadful was that the female relatives of many of i thoso who fell into the water saw their | struggles from the bank without tiie possi- 1 bility of saving them. One lady saw her husband sink and lose his life, while two j sisters were sending forth piercing -screams' and calling on the people to save their brother. lie was drowned, and the two ladies were taken away in tho most pitiable state, and sent to their hdme in a cab. As soon as the ice was cleared a body of icemen and laborers, with great difficulty' got out the boats to that portion of the water where it was known several persons had sunk. Before dusk seven bodies had been recovered, but it wks known that there were many more under the ice. These will not_ be dragged for until this morning, as it is quite certain life must be extinct. It is the opinion of the icemen who witnessed the accident that there tire at least twenty persons drowned. All the bodies when recovered bad skates upon their feet. Many instances of individual gallantry took place. One man, at the most immi nent risk, plunged in and brought several children safely out. A gentleman who broke through near the southwestern shore, fell .so that his.head and chest rested on a large block of ice, while his feet tvere in the water. There he lay smoking his pipe for a long time while the boats were further out picking up as fast as possible those in a worse position, lie began, however, to realize his position, and, removing his pipe from his mouth, he ca'led out: “ £SO to any one who will fetch me out!” Sev eral abortive attempts were made to reach him with ropes, poles and ladders. A man with the aid of a ladder reached a small piece of sound iec, and endeavored to throw a rope to him, but it fell short. He riheu mtm-afMwo’tm’fdi'ThS Tadfe bn to'a piece of ice further out, apd standing on | the former lie again threw the rope. * In : doing so he fell, and in clinging to the j ladder he hurt himself and was drawn | ashore. A gentleman then got into an j escape fitted up with barrels at the end. [ When pushed out. as far as possible he got into the water and endeavored to push the escape along, but lie did not succeed. Eventually a man stripped to bis shirt and trousers, and a rope having been fixed to his waist, lie desperately fought his way through the ice, and seizing tho skater round the body, they wore both dragged to the land amid tremendous cheers. A young man stood on a solitary piece of ice in the centre of the lake for an hour and a half, and was at last fetched off by a man who reached him In a boat. Ail this time the excitement was kept up by the frequent sinking of thosq who bad lost all power to support themselves. Medical Education in Ohio. Dr. McDermott, Surgeon General of Ohio, says: Nono but graduates of regular medical schools were admitted t-oexamination, and yet over eighty per cent, of those were re jected for incompetence. The ignorance betrayed by many of the candidates was deplorable, proving that the diploma of a medical college has ceased to boos any value as evidences of capacity. If it was the duty of Um" State, ns all concede, to provide competent physicians for the soldiers, it is no less the duty to make similar provision for the citizens ; and yet those rejected candidates, with hundreds of others equally incompetent, are now scattered over the State, pursuing their fatal trade with criminal recklessness. —Dayton Journal. Dr. McDermott deserves thanks for his brief exposition of what intelligent men have long observed—that ipedical educa tion is fearfully neglected. Os course, there is another side to this. The well educated practicing physicians were net among those examined, and make a large class. No one supposes that the medical profession has not many men of skill, science and high character. But there is no profession which. has within it so large a proportion of unintelligent, unthinking, uneducated members. How happens this? Simply because the standards of medical education, the medical colleges, give men diplomas for,a minimum of medical knowl edge and no knowledge of anything else. They go into tho community with that diploma to try experiments of all sorts on the bodies and minds of their fellow-eiti zens, with no judge, as with lawyers, to decide cases ; no Presbyteries or Bishops, like the clergy, to determine their merits; and not even a chamber of commerce, like the merchants, to settle character. They go out, with lancet and pill box, with calo mel and quinine, to deal with the patient community. Few e.-cape so well as one who, being ordered to take pills, left the box untouched on the mantcl-piece. The Doctor came in tho morning. Quoth the Doctor—“My medicine did good” “It did no harm, for .yonder ithath stood.” It is absurd to suppose that young men, without any preliminary education,-can be ; fitted for the medical profession by-hearing four lectures a day for six months, with a few evenings in an aiijtomical room. The result is very injurious to the profession ; itself; for if the people must employ doc . tors hap-hazard, without a'ny peculiar learning, most of them will be as likely to employ the disciple of Haneman, sir nil is similibus; or, the Botanic with number six ; or the Hydropathist with ten gallons j of extra water; or the Galvanist with four j metal rings, as the doctor of the regular 1 profession. Dr. McDermott further says, that forty ! five per cent, of all insanity ; and fifty-five 1 per cent, of all idiocy proceed from drunk : enness. He is entirely on the safe side, j Now, let us add another fact. Three j fourths of ail the crimes in the State pro | ceed from drunkenness; and nearly all'the ’ crimes of violence. hat a beautiful com- I mentary on our state of society. Now 1 supposed the learned doctors were to carry their inquiries a little farther, and ask how many wives are weeping over their intem perate husbands? how many divorces have been granted for drunkenness? how many children inherit tainted constitutions troni drunken parents ? how many paupers are in the infirmary arid the hospital ? and how many millions of dollars- are taxed upon the industrious community for their support, all caused by drunkenness ? But, are we not a tree people ? Who dare res trict a man from unlimited whiskey? "Glorious country !” said Pat when he ar rived. at Pittsburg, '.'where a man can get drunk tor sax pinee! ’ ’ — Oin. Gazette. W arts on Horses. —In reply to an in quiry how a wart can be removed from a horse, the Irish Farmer’s Gazette says: ‘ Keep it constantly dressed in ArehaDgie tar.” It Ls reported that .Mr. Bell, an Ameri can engaged in laying torpedoes to blow up Brazilian war vessels in Paraguay, has been blown up by one of his own torpedoes, JVEW SEE IBS VOL. KXVI. NO. 7. .. (commu-YR-axud. 1 ~ Plus straw as a Mah®*. * th&Ta I ty AgricufUin,!' QuT" v;!,^ nd ' Loua -‘ 1 fertilizer was dWa h i ? H , SR j 1 ij'om a friend decided that n WasMdt ably vrfotefef but ta-tho-siM and this opinion -was mMttiaimg, aiW J,th- I" mid*SmS,- L>, . Now, Messrs. Editors, ndriumfo* ! • such opinions surprises foe*- b-t r ,“i w ;: •' .uytmous to However, let me telltue Ciuiyl have this consolation—l naye done pretty well until the.breaking j »r» o* the -w- r. A horse, a saddle and j bridle and are hundred dollars was my ! 1 bought a small tract of -phi'e j land, which 1 chose because it was eov i wnlymtti straw, and had good I inr « c I'm;’ trees on It. With the help of : Futa U“ ( -' IwVoin on it, g< * % a curt and a cow. I ban, mad pen .or >«y horse and cow and •theforii U i n 11 ’a 10 sri-awy-lmdcovered thmff tip stable yard or thirty fbet square wfcb* pine straw nisa. I mauled rails -enough fbr a neighbor to buy two mbws,: a iiou i) mi a pitch-fork, t jJso £ct %wdit •' corn and fodder and Seme; a- I v.:i3 iri wtmfa.. I *ii n.i.jl W awes n cotte«n t corn - 51y corn did very well. 1 Vot about i twelve liundred pounds of seed cotton for i cott " n crop. During that fall I plowed • a furrow between the old cotton rows, • a , llu “ au -mg out ail ol the pine straw from the horso pen, and as much more of the b est_ rotten that I could get in the woods —filied this furrow and made my cotton nods hy sp.irting the old cotton rows and throwing the dut upon-it.. That year I maue tlir.ee bags ol cotton. That- year j * bought a negro hoy —paying part easli— ! ana I planted more cotton and sweet | Potatoes—manuring the land exactly iti tne same way, and so, Mr. Editor, I have continued to (Jo ior thirty-three years Every year, at wet times, ih the fall of the y ear, .. run a deep furrow in the land that 4 shall plant m cotton, and fill it as full ns l _ can with pine straw gathered in t.ns .way, and make my cotton beds iu j the spring upon it. I know that very few ! or my neighbors beat me in sweet potatoes, 1 etther m size or quality generally have i plenty cr corn and good cotton, for pine j land, in]SCO I made sixty-four bales of 1 cotton with nineteen hands; last year I made twtnty-nitie bags with eleven'hands, dry as 1 it was. I have consulted old Jeff— I the irrst negro I ever bought, who is still i with me—and he exj:resses his opinion 1 thus: "I tell you what, Old Mars Bob, always keep to that way which you haYc j uonc v, eii at. I tell you, pine straw suite ' cmr land, anyhow.” And so 1 think. But. what, has Dr. Berckman got against pine straw ? I understand much about chemical affinities;” but, it the Doctor will, just -publish what he has got to ,»ty against pine straw in such a in tinner as we, the unlearned, can understand, I should iike to read it in the Chronicle. Dink “Ridge,” S. C. A Nice Affair at the Louisville Hotel- Oar Railroad Enterprises. Louisville and*Cincinnati have battled I for some tiu>e for the trade,of the South. Tho lines of railroad between the West raid South are so circuitous, and the freights tire so enormously high, compared to the original cost of the article transport ed, that men of capital North and South I have determined to have a shorter connec- j tion with. Louisville than that now enjoyed, anil thus insure to the people of the South ■ the necessities of life so much demanded, in this the.time ot their need, at much I lower rates than those now paid. Wc were glad to learn yesterday that capitalists irom Canada and .Kugland, rep- I resented by Mr. A. McDonald and Mr. i Will. 11. "Wilson, had arrived in the city, ! and intended to bid for twenty-live miles ! ot the work, from Knoxville iu the direc tion of the Kentucky line. Tne time for receiving bids irom parties 1 wishing to contract was set for February j lst - vesterdayAde- j ■grapnaa to ivnoxvdle to colonel "erry. I chief engineer of the road leading from 1 Ivnoxvilie, and received the following answer : Knoxville, January 29, 1867. A. McDonald, Louisville, Ky,: WA postpone letting of contracts. U hen will you lie here ? Adrian I’ehry, Engineer. To-day, the party whose visit to our city and State wc tiust v .;11 prove beneficial to us and to them, tendered to the press of the city a dinner at the Louisville Hotel. Mr. Ph tnticc, of the Journal, who has ever labored for. the good, of tiie Com monwealth, and whose efforts in aiding enterprises of this character have con tributed Jargely to the" advancement of the. best interests of our people, was present on the occasion. The encouragements given the party by the citizens cf Louisville was spoken of repeatedly at the table, and each member of the company felt,, from the kind and ! .complimentary expressions of those pres- j ent, that the good will ol’ our. citizens I went with them. We shall not wait until October, 1869, j for our short through Southern, connection, ii these,gentlemen take the matter in hand, j Y e hope they will succeed. —Louisville \ Journal. The Atlantic and Gulf Road Ex tension.—lt istiuk gratifying to learn that the speedy buiming of the contem plated extension of the Atlantic and Gulf Road from ThojuasviUe to Bainbridge may now be regarded as a fixed fact.' The views presented a short time since by Col, Screven to a public meeting in Bainbridge, on the completion of this work, is meeting, as we have been informed, with a hearty response from all the business men and property-holders of the large and wealthy county of Decatur, and it is confidently expected that the required sum of $150,- 000 will be raised in due time. If, how ever, they should.fail to raise the entire amount, tlje pep pie of this city, regarding the speedy completion of the enterprise of vital importance to-their commercial in terests, wiUfiiel themselves called upon to lend their aid, and thus constitute them selves one i th ispc ial guardians of this great project, by whiqh.they will be placed in dany communication with that magnifi cent country, unsurpassed for productive ness, lying on the. waters of the Flint arid Chattahoochee rivers. —fiacannah News. Railroad to Tampa.— We are pleased to see it stated in our local exchanges that there arc some initiatory steps taken to secure the building of a railroad from Waldo, on the line of the Tiorida Railroad, via Ocala, to Tampa. Governor Walker has been in correspondence with the pro prietors of the Florida Railroad, and has received assurances from them that they woulu place a large force on the route, as soon as the work on the main line shall have been completed. _ Wo learn that the road from U ~ko to within a few miles of Ocala is already graded, and will require . is an importenterprise, and will do touch fur development of Southern I-Frida. Wc hope to Hu it accomplished at an early day. —JicJcson dile ( Fla. j Dnion Visa Ark in M.-.r0.v.-A disas trous ere o:: .tr; rt ibis b'-umlgy) morning, between! mr aim five o'ei-.»ck. Itwasdis coverec. in the store of h ■ srs. .Stevenson X Diney, on Lotion .-.venue, an 1 ere the engines could begot to work it was wrapped in names. It then extended to the buildings on both sides, and at the time we go to press the following buildings have been consumed or are burning: The one story building < - -ipied by Ste venson & Laney, and belon;. ~g, we believe. toM .A. Huff—S. &L. insured for $10,000; the two buildings to the right, on tii s -Vvi nue occupied "by J. &A. Cherry, and ■ by Dr. Smith: that on the corner of the Avenue and Cherry streets, out ape-:; f Jones, Baxter & Du y, and owned in Eu rope, we are told. By the explosion of a small keg ot pow der, our friends, Henry King, W aggeustem and Herzog were slightly injured. The early hour at which wo go to press 1 prevents us giving particulars, but which we will endeavor to do in our next.—Ma con Telegraph. Boston is announced as returning to I primitive customs, an innovation having been made upon the rules of fashionable j life by. issuing . invitations to a stylish I party, in which it is announced that the entertainment begins at three arid ends at eight in the evening. The -od sense of this proceeding cannot be too highly: praised. fc A dozen Parisian gourmets, among whom is Alexander Dumas, have formed themselves into an association, for the ; -r pose of sitting down together, once a wee'- * to the most perfect dinner that the present 1 state of the culinary art allows of. lVh member pays forty francs for Id., dinner and takes his time in getting up the hilt I fare and making the preparations, 1v " j : *' J.CQMSIUSIGATJD.j Ya,, Jan. SI, ffe.7. Crc/uxal .1. Ji. TTn’/J/t. Augusta, (if Ijy/utl Dear sir:' Nqt’cmg in your intpei'a day or two since, a list of the 'names of the Georgia students at Washington CdT- Jege, we inclose yon a list containing th<y naines of tlio. Georgians at the University ;°f ''irginm, thinking, perhaps, it may bo •0* interest so the renders of your paper : James Latljrop, ShvannfcflpGa. R. Id organ, “ “ T. R. Mills* Jr.. ‘ T K Wylie, v. -S. VY. A. Rranily, 'Macon, “ —— G Ash am, ‘c —e- (Waybill. “ “ ■ ■—— .Scbqpcjd, , “ “ } 0. J. Ti;f}-dwav, .Columbus;,“ and. U. Walker, . - “ Wm. C. Maupin, Rome, ,l * ifiibb, —-w Jenkins, Eafonton, < “ U. IX ATfrmnd, Sparta, “ W. ft. JohnsOn, “ JYtr.. 11. flieitne*, “ *• W >», Mims, .Boviven co. “ R.K Cimniiigham, Augusta, “ Wm. R. Crngor, Albany, . f Fort. Valley “ I'. Biizsiitfmonp, Bath* Richmond co., fc*!orgi;i. .... jl y* “• Ertksuntuene, Bath, Rusinaand-cav (jreoreiA. !“ a ii?’ Columbia, co., Georgia. % , -*■■;• BsWle, Washington co., Georgia. 1 t» «£*.■>■ co,. Georgia. <£?* “• eo.. ! mtY7 ;> ’ nn > 'VSsnftsa>iTe6., Georgia. | *V J; Boc.se, Washington eo., Georgia. I *•■*• -*’• Bane, Washington co.. Georgia. Respectfully, C 1! 8 m.'r'h.’ \l'he Imrodiictioii of Emigrant laDorers. Savannah, Ga., Jan. 31st, ISG7. Messrs. Editors Mews Herald: Hear Sirs—The numerous inquiries as to the terms and mode of getting emigrant laborers out here, Ate., creates a necessity ior iny troubling you with another publi cation m your valuable and obligiim journal. hirst, I wish a description of the kind of lanuhes that would suit the occupation or labor to be followed. , A . 01 three dollars per head for laborers is to be paid to tbe cmieration com;;,any when they are placed on board ot a steamer lor Savannah, and the passage money to ship either in Now York or on then arrival iii Savannah, as per arrange ments—.nut yet made. The at the regular steerage rate H Si- to sl3, but I hope and think inat let; agents and owners of steamers wnl ao as some of Air railroad companies nave done, adopt a very low tare (or rate), so as to facilitate and encourage this mat s' 1 '- it parties ordering immigrants will ■be here or have their agents to receive and take charge of them, I will make no charge ; it I receive and forward them, 1 shall charge only a 'moderate sum lor the labor .above the actual expenses. 1 The. information at present which I have is, that they can bo had at short notice. I will post,myself more fully and particularly, and then, with your consent i wm lay the matter more fully and defi nitely before your readers. lour publication of this will very much cmige me. lours, very respectfully. TANARUS) „ rp G. W. Gaia [any. '- -—to other journals, favorable to the enterprise', who will also publish the above, will be much obliged. j Some Facts and Snggesilons Concerning immigration. As the question of immigration is now [.engaging the earnest attention of the fetate, as being, of great importance to every branch oi industry, we givo the fol* lowing table, showing the number of arri vals in New York for the last twelve months, according to nationalities: Germany 100 710; Wales )o Ireland OS^Of7-Spain England...*..., oU,].‘-t West .Indies. *'•«<; Scotland 4 ,<)7!;! Pei and \ i j:» } Sweden 3,-W Bblgjnm .‘157 Switzerland.... 3,(jSo 81 urh America l.Vj lVA l , T . ,Oc N- 'in 16 Uussia ~...154 lioU.md l..,uij Ag to trom allotli These passengers were brought in 750 vessels, 34‘J being sailing vessels, and 40L steamships. The immigration at the same port in 1847wa5...: 129,002! 1888..'! 7s wo ! ISIS 189,176 1859 " 79323 ! 1851 289,001 ISO;- 7(;':ivti | 1852 300,992 l-SOS J 56*844 : 319,223 1865. 196,347 j 1857.: 183)773) ' i One principal feature in the emigration. : or the Irish via Liverpool is . that large j numbers have sailed for .the Southern j States of America and to the west coast of | South America._ It. will also bo seen that the. arrival of immigrants at New iork during the year 1866 was greater than ever before, except in the years 1860 to 1854, during the great Irish exodus, when great numbers fled to tlic United States to escape the horrors offamine. One thing particularly important to be noticed is that by the levying of a tax on the immigrants, which is charged in the passage money, and .paid into the Treasury oi tin: Com missioners of Immigration (an organization established by State law) institutions are maintained where sick an 1 indigent im migrants are supported, and thus this class are protected and sheltered during any time within five years after they land, and the date is saved from all expense.in maintaining. them, and thus both State and immigrants are benefitted, a fact well worthy (lie notice of the Legislature of tlie State oi Virginia. The Commissioners of Immigration, by their vigilant care, protect the immigrants from an infamous class of ■ sharpers, known as immigrant runners, against whom the immigrant law was originally devised. . It is also worthy the notice of our Legislatures that every im migrant landing in New York, and then coming here, leaves the tax which ho has paid (in the form we have described) be hind him, and When he comes here, lie becomes discouraged at finding no provi sion made for him. The whole immigrant law. Oi New York is so trained, and the institutions under it are so perfect, that every possible care is taken of the iin migrant, every information given him letters are writert for him, • and in his. journeying* he is guided by the far-seeing eye of the Commissioner.— lUTk monel Whig. » Men and Monkey*. In his twelfth and last lecture on Brazil, i delivered 111 Boston, Professor Agassiz de j voted the closing portion of the subject to the monkey tabes, and a defence to the Professor s theory that the different races of. men have different origins. This he suiu was an awkward subject, undone which he dreaded to discuss, though it was relieved from some of the embarra«s ment which surrounded it while slavery existed, when the assertion of the inferior lty of the negro was regarded as a defence |°* the system of slavery. The "discussion was aiso unpleasant because it involved a ! dmsent from the doctrine of common origin : which the Christian world has so long held j sacred. Yet he felt bound to express his j conviction on this subject. While regard j the monkey tribes as the highest ot the : quadrupedal mammalia, and as next toman, i he ought not to sanction the doctrine of j thpfinal transformation of monkeys into men and was not inclined to admit that weare Lie j descendants of the highest monkeys. In ! this connection the lecturer remarked in an I interesting manner upon the characteristics jof the monkey, the op rang on tang, the | cbipanzee and the gorilla, marking them ; as families distinct from man, though in many points having affinity, ydfc having different parentage. Considering the re gion from whence these monkey tribes derived their origin, it must be concluded that if they were- allied to any of-the races oilmen, it was to the Mongolian and the negro., and not to the white; but a critical i ,^Ti matlon p°; - te v, ’ 0 7‘ d warrant i shf h . e Ul :. ory 01 transmutation, or the doc .tnne . tout men have a emmon origin. The fact.that the progeny of a combination i inuividuaJs ot two races never resemble oncer ttm other parent warranted the inference that the different races bear to one another toe same relation as different th-Ta?l h.™ lm iH' bear to each othe ‘b and fV 1 nave a different origin. Perhaps dltekSn nt DatlOnalitieS also ha '.o uifcs lLc lecturc I. ?aid that f )-’ a common origin 'could be co ’)'C' = ‘usteneal.y wo must accept the conclusions deduced from the investiga ~vl naturalr-ts. If we could trace a. P an Ot variations and succession through 7, aves, instead of regarding diversify as tncresult of accident, wc should see the p'.iueneooi a thinking mind in the whole creation, and recognize ourselves as the children of God and not the children of monkeys. — . The. South Carolinian says there isof growing disposition among capitalists a the North to loan money to the producers of cotton, tor th.o purpose of enabling them to carry ori the labors of their plantations.