Newspaper Page Text
country. After that is done, I will fight ;
the whole caboodle ol them, singly or alone,
just as they wish. Ido not believe that
any man thinks lam a coward. I have
been under fire, and have bcea wounded.
I do not think mv courage admitsquestion
or needs vindication ; therefore I shall not
attempt to get engaged in a street brawl;
but Ido not intend to avoid my daily
walks, and if I am attacked, I shall cer
tainly defend myself. I do not think I
could rest a moment with a hostile hand
on my shoulder, and the man who assails
me aid publishes his iutention to do it,
when he understakes it, docs so at the
peril of his life. ”
I learn that many of the nominees of
the President, whose cases were not reach
ed, or laid upon the table, by the Senate,
will be commissioned. X.
tinroniflc & J>entinel.
fraaiuaii mhim*mu:,
1 MlaMng Governor (So-Called;.
From a gentleman who came down the
Georgia Railroad 1 st night wc learn that
there was a rumor afloat in Atlanta to the
effect that the Express Agent had ab
squatulated with a large amount of State
funds. This report, our informant states,
was very generally believed, as Bullock
had not been seen for several days and no
one could or would give information as to
his whereabouts.
We can hardly believe the report is true.
It would show that Bullock had more seuse
and more prudence than we have ever
given him credit for. As to the fact ofhis
taking a large amount of State funds with
him, we believe that the people of the State
would hardly grumble much if they had to
pay a half a million or so to get finally and
eternally rid of this “accomplished finan
cier” and corrupt swindler.
If he has gone we shall feel much re
lieved; if he has not, we shall not be much
disappointed.
The empire.
The Imperialist of last Saturday con
tains the following mysterious orders.
Who the C. I. O. of the Province of Geor
gia are, we are at some loss tj divine, but
we take it that these mystic letters refers
to an organization in our midst devoted to
the spread and enforcement of “imperial
ist” ideas.
It would seem also that these “mo- |
narchical” fellows have no more confidence j
in the U. 8. mail a'd Postoffice Depart-!
meat than we poor Southern white trash, |
as pro-consuls are ordered not. to commu
nicate with headquarters through that
medium, hut in allcases will find communi
cations through “trustworthy message!.”
Wo hope that all the peerage places are
not yot filled for the new Empire, and
that when the machine gets in good run
ning order, we may be duly gazetted
as Duke or Earl or some other “high fel
low
T. C. I. 0. Official Gazette.—By
special license, issued April 14, 1869, The
Imperialist has been designated as the
official journal of the T. C. I. 0. All
civil decrees and military orders requiring
publicity wdl hereafter be found in the
Imperialist.
Then follows a long list of orders, signed
“By order T. I. 0.,” and among which
we find these:
The G. I. 0. of the Province of Georgia
are hereby notified that a Pro-consul has
been appointed for that Province. All
necessary information on ths subject will
he forwarded from these Headquarters
through the proper channels.
By order T. I. 0.
Pro consuls are herd)/ ordered to for
ward no more communications by mail,
hut to employ trust worthy messengers for
the conveyance of all documents or com
munications. Any violation of this order
will subject the delinquent officer to censure
and a repetition of the offence will be fol
lowed by his retirement.
By order T. I. O.
Official 26 —Scroll 4.
Secretary i. I. O.
The Greenback Currency as a Measure
of Y'aluc.
The Liverpool cotrespondent of the New
York Journal of Commerce thus discusses
gr enbacks from a foreign standpoint:
“Now, the greenback currency of the
United St ates is ill-fitted for a measure of
value. The first requisite of a measure is
that it should be uniform; hut the cur
rency is constantly fluctuating In all
civilized countries gold and silver have been
selected as the measure or standard of value,
because experience has proved that of all
kuown commodities they are the least sub
ject to fluctuation. A fluctuating stand
ard is a curse to a commercial community,
and it is the interest ol the whole com
uiunity, debtors and creditors, rich, and
poor, that ihe standard of value should he
fixed, nut. fluctuating, file quotations of
a gold standard is thus quite distinct from
(hat of the appreciation of the currency.
When a currency is depr, eiuted, a certain
portion of the community gains, and
another portion lose thereby. In like
munnor, when a currency is advanced in
value, losses and gains take {dace; but a
fluctuating standard of value is an incon
venience and a tax on the whole communi
ty. No one is interested in retaining it;
no one suffers by abolishing it and adopt
ing a fixed tmdard This lias been felt
in New York, and now two stiudards ob
tain, ono gold atm the otlier currency.
Tea, coffee and hides are always sojd by
importers for gold; freights on foreign
voyages are usually settled on a gold basis;
very many policies of insurance have the
amount insured and premium payable in
gold; some railway bonds have principal
and interest payable in g‘dd; sterling ex
change is always dealt in for foreign gold ;
in a late number of the Journal of Com
merce 1 see side by side the advertisements
of two insurance companies, one giving the
statement of its accounts in currency, and
the other in g 'ld. Commissioner Wells,
in his admirable report, says, that 'a much
larger share of the business of the country
than is generally supposed, is now trans
acted in gold.’
I suppose it was unavoidable, but it Las
always appeared to mb a subject ol regret
that when the Gold Room was established
iu New York, currency instead of gold was
taken as the staudard of value. Mr.
Bonamy Price* Professor of Political
Economy in the University of Oxford, in
bis recently published work on the “Prin
ciples of Currency,’ ’ says that “a sale for
money is an act of barter, it follows that
the conditions are the same on both sides
of the bargain. Common usage applies
the word 'selling' to the man who has tho
commodity, and the word ‘buying’ to him
who lias the money, but the expressions
‘buying and selling’ applies equally to
both.” Thus it is as correct to say that a
butter buys money with his hats, as that
tho public buys hats with money ; it is an
exchange by which each party gains. Now,
if this is true of a hatter and his hats, how
much more appropriately it can be said ;
that in selling gold one buys currency. As I
the quotations are always given in cur- j
rency. and as it is said that gold is at a
premium iustead of tloe converse, which
would be more correct, viz that currency
is at a discount, the idea has arisen that it
is gold and not currency which during the
last eight years has been fluctuating in
value. To many it would sound like a
paradox to assort that the \alue of gold iu
New York lias remained stationary since
JNO2, aud has suffered no tluctuations ;
aud yet no one supposes that in that time
the value of gold ia London or Paris has
chanted, and every onv knows U)&: for
1091 per cent , with very slight variations,
not exoeediug ouo and a half per cent.,
bills of exchange of London for anyamouot '
eoufl at all times have been bought and
the specie at a very small expense eould
have been carried to New York.
It would be easy at an early day to re
turn' to a gold standard, and leave the ques
tion of redeeming greenbacks to be settled
hereafter, and if a resumption of specie
payment was likely to begreatly.postponed,
this would he a wise course; if it were j
adopted, prices would be quoted in gold as
at San Francisco, aud the currency would
be used in making payment*. The quota
tation of five-twenties in New York
yesterday was 1191, of gold 1131, in Lon
don to-day the price is 84. These quota
tions reduoed to gold dollars are S9O 51 and
s9l 14 respectively.for the huodred dollars
five-twenties or about 90 for the l nited
States six per cent, stock whilst consols,
the British three per cent. stock. is at 93.
Why are five-twenties in New York not
dealt in for gold ? Whilst the daily stock
lists give the quotations of IS and 19 pre- j
miurn it is not brought home to the mind
of the people that the government bonds
are at discount. If the dealing and quota- ;
lions were in gold, do you not think there i
would be more reluctance to seii aud more
readiness to buy ? In other words, would
it not tend to raise the value of these ,
stocks, that is. to improve the credit of the
government and to smooth the way toward
resumption-
A Radical Difference. All the
world knows that the Hon. Preston Brooks,
of South Carolina, several years ago,
chastised S> nator Sumner in the Senate
Chamber. Well, it is putdished that Mrs.
Sumner, who separated from her husband
a couple of years ago, has sent to Mrs.
Brooks a very handsome present. We
rather think that she accompanied the gift
with the expre-sion of a hope that Mrs.
Brooks would take a second husbaud.
Tbe 1 inpeaciime nt of Bollock Demanded, j
YY t have been loth to engage in or sus
tain tiny movement, which involved the ,
diso'g inization of our State government as
! reconstructed. Our course heretofore has
been, while using every mode of attack,
justifiable by honorable usage in open
polit cal warfare, to discountenance all
movements and everyact which would tend
to increase or promote disorder and dis
i organization in the existing dt facto State
government, and thereby afford a pretext
to magiignant and unscrupulous enemies,
office-seekers and government rings at
YYfashingtomtoraiseaclamorfor the contin
uance of military despotism in our State.
! It seemed better to suffer existing evils,
j great as they were, and exactions and
j tyranny, grinding as they have been, so
I long as endurance was possible, but not
without bold, fearless protest, than to
plunge our down-trodden State into the
condition of that anarchy which follows
from the complete overthrow of all the
forms of civil government and the substitu
tion therefor of martial law.
Our situation was a peculiar one. The
public mind of the North, prepared by the
previous condition of the war, was greatly !
inflamed against us. Every unscrupulous
office-holder and spoil-seeking aspirant |
contributed to fan the flame by every arti- i
fice, however low, by misrepresentation
and perversion of facts, malignantly dis
ingenuous, and by lying utterances and
publications utterly false which had no
other foundation than in a vile, sordid
self-interest and a despicable lust for position
and plunder.
To-day, however, our situation is differ
ent. There is no longer any danger to be
apprehended from the efforts of such mis
creant!. They are as powerless for evil as
they are incapable of good. A friendly
disposition exists in the North, and a bet
ter understanding prevails at the South.
TLis is due to intercourse. During the
past three years not less than half a million
of Northern citizens have visited the
South. People from the East and the
West and tbe North have penetrated all
all putts of the South. One hundred
thousand Northern travellers have tra
verse/! the South during the past three
j mouths, one-half of which have passed
j through Richmond alone. At least one
I hundred thousand from the North have
| come amongst us as settlers and citizens;
Radicals, Republicans and Democrats; as
miners, manufacturers and Farmers;
making the South their homes,
This intercourse among the true people
of' the different sections, has exposed the
character, motives and plots of these mis
creants and shriven them of whatever of
influence and power they had acquired.
The Republican party es the North con
temns and rejects these miserable
carpet-baggers and scalawags; and
their Southern allies spurn them. The
Republican party of Georgia recognize
this fact, and openly avow that the only
hoi e of retaining their ill-gotten and mis
applied power, and of sustaining even a
footled 1 in the State, is 1 1 get rid of the
miserable, unscrupulous, plunder-seeking
creatures, which Republicans have placed
in position and invested with official
power as the party's Representatives and
leaders. Even now, the Atlanta Era
demands for the safety of the party and
perhaps for the welfare of the State, olatn
orou-ly the impeachment of the ignorant
unscrupulous Express agent which it help
ed to foist upon the people as a Governor;
and not a single press in the State offers a
single word in defence of the Express
agent calling himself Governor,who at the
i State’s expense,lingers around the nation
al capitol, maligning the people whom he
professes elected him upon free ballot, or
luxuriates upon the divans of the Fifth
Avenue.
To this new move of the Republican
party, a’l the people will cry Amen. Bul
lock's ejection from office will be hailed
with universal delight by all —black and
j white, throughout the State, save the few
miserable satellites, hardly numbering a
• corporal’s guard, that toady to him and
battau on public property. Could the
voice of the people he heard fairly this
| would have been accomplished long since
His impeachment and removal from office
is demanded not only to preserve the State
from bankruptcy,but as essential to the pres
ervation of peace, security and good order
There can ho neither peace nor security so
long as he is permitted to discharge the
functions of Governor.
He has striven to stir up strife between
the two races and encouraged and foster
ed the formation of secret leagues therefor.
He has appropriated public funds with
out the sanction of law.
He has appropriated and continues to
appropriate public money, not only iu de
fiance of settled law, but in the teeth’of a
rebuke by the law making power, for the
pretended public use in the adornment of
the Opera Hous* used as a temporary
capitol under specious conditiuus and con
tracts, iu the face of a direct refusal of tbe .
Legislature to grant an appropriation for
such purposes.
Contrary to law, he has taken the cus
tody of the public funds out of the hgnds
of its proper custodian, the Treasurer of
the State, and uses it as his private fund.
11a has defied the law making power of
the State government, and continues to
defy it, overidiog all the provisions of the
Constitution and laws.
lie has granted pardons to notorious
criminals, who have been fairly and im
partially tried and convicted, and turned
them loose again upon the community em
boldened to repeat their crimes, thereby
endangering the lives and property of good
citizens, and bringing contempt upon all
law and justice.
lie has granted pardons to those ufaarg- i
ed with crime while yet in the hands of
justice and their trials going on in the
courts of justice.
He has appointed bad men to offices
having control over the liberty and prop
erty of citizens ; and has refused commis
sions to good men who have been fairly j
chosen by ballot, prescribing test ques
tions us to fitness for office without oolor
of law or authority.
He pretends to govern the State
whilst residing outside of the limits j
of the State, thereby clogging the whole
machinery of the government, delaying the
operations of the Stats government, and
forcing citizens of Georgia to great ex
pense and delay in matters requiring his j
I reteooe.
He has degraded the office of the Ex- j
ecutiva by signing blanks to be issued by j
his agents, thereby placing/he power which
the Constitution invests solely in thedßure i
tiou of the Executive in ths hands of the !
irresponsible subordinates.
its pvery and all of these things he ■
has bxuight contempt upon law and order
and good government, and endangers the
peace and welfare of the iSGte end the
live-, liberty and property of our citizens, j
For these things he should be impeach
ed and deposed from office.
Jlc is a stala ssd 1 blot upon any com
munity calling itself decoty, and a living
If i upon Republican institutions.
Ift he Republican party of Georgia ever
expects to attain reeogqUifri ;moog white !
or back ass political party iu tRe State, i
it must reject and spurn tfotn its ranks ail f
such miserable specimens as R. R. Bui- :
lock.
Citizenship ur Majebiagi.—The Su
preme Court of the United States has
rendered the following decision in the tase
of Eden KeKy rs. Edward Owens on appeal
from the Supreme Court of the District of
Columbia, to wit: That any aides white
woman married tea citizen of the United
Siates is a citizen undo* the Act of 10th of
February, 1555, which is in tk* following
language : "Any woman who might iaw
l'uliy he naturalized under existing laws,
married, or who shall he marri.d to a citi
zen of the United States, shall be deesvod
and taken to be a citizen of the United
States." There has hitherto been a great
diversity of opioids as to the construction
of the above Aet by the lawyers of the
country, bat the above deeltiog settles the
matter beyond controversy.
Resignations. —ln the Revenue De- j
partmentof this District, Messrs. A. 8. |
Hid and B. F. Hall, of the Revenue De
partment; tendered their resignations yes
terday to Assessor Bowies, which were
duly accepted.
few logins around the Circle.
A Radical Parson has been remo red
from the Boston Custom House to in ake
room for a negro soldier who “lost his leg
in service,” and “wasone of the first two
colond men” ever elected to the "Ma ;sa
chusetts Legislature.” Grant Swings from
the Grave to the Cradle of Liberty, in il
-1 lustrating the “best method of enforcing
! the repeal of an obnoxious law by enforc
: icg it rigidly.” Y\ T e hope his head will
I not become dizzy as he approaches “the
I land of steady habits," and that hd will
keep a stiff upper lip, enforce the obnox
ious law “rigidly and be loyal W loil color
when color is made the test of loyalty.
Black is now the fashion with politicians.
Is the President General possessed of
• pluck enough to be a general President,
and fight it out on the black line ail the
Summer. If he ha?, let the official cradle
; of New England he filled with the "loyal
wards of the nation.” That might be the
true way to meet the arguments of Radi
cal theology as uttered by pulpit politicians.
General Lee In Baltimore—Remarkable
Enthusiasm.
Geu.Lee has recently been to Baltimore,
at the head of a committee of stockhold
ers of the Virginia Valley and Lynchburg
and Danville Railroads, to solicit assistance
from the Baltimore capitalists. At a meet
ing of the City Council, held to consider
these projects, after the closo of his ad
dress, the Sun say? :
Mr. Brout said he was happy to inform
the ladies that they would have an oppor
tunity of taking Gen. Lee by the hand.
Arrangements were Rien made to enable
the ladies to pass upon the platform for
that purpose. The privilege appeared to
be eagerly and generally availed of, and
Gen. Lee was engaged for some time in
receiving presentations.
The ladies passed from the west side of
the hall over tho platform, passing t’.e
General, who shook the hand of each cordi
! ally, and in return was cimp imected by
a'l the ladies, a large number of whom
i saluted him with kiss s. After the pre
t sentadon was over, the General, escorted
bv Mayor Banks, left the building with
uproariouscheering, and the greatest en
thusiasm prevailed among the large
throng that had assembled at the door
| way. After liberating himself from the
; many friends that continued pressing for
ward to shake his hand, the General eoter
j ed a carriage and was driven to the resi
| dence of Samuel H. Taggart, Esq., whose
guest he is during his sojourn here, the
crowd following the carriage for several
j squares, cheering loudly.
! Previously, Geueral Lee had read an
address to the business men. Upon con
i eluding, the audience again warmly ap
plauded, and on the Geueral resuming hi3
seat, cheer after cheer rent the air, and
hats and handkerchiefs were waved from
ail portions of the hall. It was a scene of
genuiue enthusiasm not often witnessed.
Before this, when General Lee went to
the hall, as he ascended the stairway he
was greeted with three cheers by the mul
titude, who stood around respectfully with
uncovered heads. YVhen he was intro
duced there arose a perfect storm of ap
plaud, which continued uninteruptedly for
several momoDts.
Cetton and Paper Mills In South Caro
lina.
YVe find in one of our South Carolina ex
changes the following list of cotton and
paper mills in that State :
COTTON MILLS IN SOUTH CAROLINA.
The Granitcville Factory, located at
Graniteville, on Big Horse Creek, one
mile from the South Carolina Railroad,
and immediately on tho Augusta & Co
lumbia Railroad, runs 21,000 spindles and
587 ooms. and produces 180 000 yards per
week. The Graniteville Manufacturing
Company has a capital of $720,000, and
owns lands, water-power, mills and a vil
lage which is most beautifully situated and
built, and contains a population of over
1,700, nearly all of whom get their living
from the factory.
The Kalrnia Mills, which are the next
largest in the State, are finely located and
built. They are on the same stream as the
Graniteville mills, are built to run 14,000
spindles and 400 looms, but have not yet
been finished. We hope soon to be able
to announoe the faot that they have been
put intd full operation.
Tho Vaucluse Factory, located above
Graniteville, on the same stream, was de
stroyed by flro two years ago and has uot
been rebuilt.
The Saluda Factory, located four miles
from Columbia, runs 4,500 spindles,entire
ly on yarns, which are mostly sold in Phila
delphia, and are highly spoken of in that
market.
The Batesvllle Manufacturing Compa
ny’s Mill, at Batesville, Greenville county,
runs 1,260 spindjes and 36 looms.
The Bivingsviile Factory, Spartanburg
county, runs 1,600 spindjes.
The Barksdale Faetoiy, on Enoree
, river, twenty miles south of Spartanburg,
runs 1,000 spindles.
The Buena Vista Factory, situated on
Enoree river, twelve miles from Green
ville, runs 1,416 spindles.
The Cedar Falls Factory, on Tyger
River, eighteen iniics from Spartanburg,
runs 1,000 spindles and 20 looms.
Crawfordsville Factory on ' r yger River,
eight miles west of Spartanburg, runs
1,000 spindles and 20 looms
Farr & Co.’s Factory on George’s Creek,
was a stnajl mijl, which has been * ready
enlarged and improved. We do not know
its present size.
Fingerville Factory, on Facoiet River,
fifteen miles from Spartanburg, runs 500
spindles and 15 looms.
Hills Factory on the Tyger River,
eighteen miles from Spartanburg, runs
500 spindle*.
Lawson’s Fork Factory, liyq miles east of
Spartanburg, runs 1,600 spindles anu 25
looms.
Reedy River Factory, on Reedy River,
seven miles from Greenville, runs 1,256
spindles and §2 looms, on both cotton and
woolen goods, a large por/top of which are
sold in Now York-
Valley Falls Factory, en Lawson's Fork
five miles north of Spartanburg, runs 500
spindles.
Weaver’s Factory; Greenville county,
runs 1,200 spindles.
Sioan’s Factory, near Pendleton, runs
1,800 spindles and 44j!oou»S0
paper mills, in south Carolina.
Buena Vista Paper Mill, Buena Vista,
Greenville county; capacity 500 pounds of
paper per day.
Greenville Paper Mjll; capanity 800
pounds of paper per day.
3ath Paper Mill, located just below the
mia ilillj, qn Big Horse creek; capacity
3,000 pounds pap** pm- 4a;-.
llow Among State Officials.—The
I following inquiry appears in the Macon
j Journal & Messenger of yesterday. YVe
; join oar H a< Bin cotemporary in his demand
i for the partiou'ars ,
I DoTell Us. —Won’t some of tho At
lanta papers give u« the particulars of that
little “mill” on Monday between the
Treasury and Executive Department?
j Who hit the first lick, or pulled the first
! handful of hair, or said the first “cuss”
| word ? YYas it close quarters, »nd “short
j sharp and decisive,” or at “long taw" and
I indecisive 7 Gent e reporters, can’t ye the
j battle paiut ?
■‘Sacking Their Own Camp.”—The
! removal of Radicals from office by Pres
| ident Grant, for the purpose of putting
others in their places, reminds the Albany
! Argus of an incident which occurred in
1 conn/wtion with the late Governor Marcy
and Rqchanan. It says:
“When President Rue liana n entered
: upon the unfortunate expei’imen; of re
moving Democratic office-holders in this
State, who had favored another nomina
; tion than his own. and Governor Marcy,
who complained ofit, was reminded cf the
maxim to the victors belong the spoils of
the vanquished, (he latter gentleman
responded; ‘Yesl but the.* R no excuse
for an army sacking its own camp !’ ”
The policy of “sacking our own camp”
was not a very successful one to the Dem
ocrat, and we do not believe that the
Radicals will hod jt the most available.
But the leaders Lave adopted tbejr own
poiiej-,. and we hope they will carry it out
to the fitpiosi extent.
An After-Thought.—pana, of the
New York Sun, has just discovered
where he has made a mistake in his efforts
at sgice-seeking. The World has advised
him to let o4.ee seeking alone, and stick to
his velocipede. W hereupon Dana replies:
"We are much ob!ig:d to our neighbor
for his favorable opinion, which we esteem
as a high cempliment. But as to the ad
vice, we do not see the wisdom of it. Stick
to our velocipede. That is the very i ding
wkwt we have been doing, whereas, there
is every reason to believe that if ice had
itnt the velocipede to Gon. Grant ice should
have got the office. '’
Who knows what influence such an
offer to tlj.e ‘Great Captain" might have
produced? Houses and lots haye won his
heart; good dinners hive reached the
tender cords of his sympathy, and who
knows but that a velocipede might have
opened the yery flood-gates of his affec
tions ?
From the Macon felegraph we iearn
that the net proceeds of the late Fair in
that city was #2,Q00. J
OIK XEYY YORK CORKESFOXDKSCK.
B?*CIAL CX)«fc*SPOXDEXC* Os THE CHBOKICLB _T livnWT-
New York, April 24, 1869.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel:
The war question, like most of the issues
arising under this disgracefully inefficient
administration, is a failure. The Grant
papers are even now endeavoring to make
it appear that all the lend threats of a few
weeks since were not threats at all, but
merely dignified remonstrance, and that ;
the Government is still “on that line.”
But the truth, is that tho factionaries now
in power at YY ashingtan have, quailed be
fore the imminent prospect of hostilities.
Grant, personally, has been so true to his
bull-dog repute as to be willing and anxious
to fight, but the moneyed men have held
him back, the difficulties of a war appear
ing, on a thorough survey of the question,
to be appalling. It was discovered that
the Canadians, especially of the French
descent, would fight most desperately
against any annexation to the United
States, and, while the British Government’
would not at first assist them, it was
deemed highly probable that the resist
aocc of the colonists and their appeals to
the mother country would stir up such a
popular sentiment in England as would
force the Ministry'to baek them with the
strength of the Empire. It is also in evi
dence that the Emperor Napoleon is ex
ceedingly s ire upon the Mexican question,
and that peremptory demand from YYash
ington that the French troops should be
withdrawn, a circumstance which in the
end led to heaping on the Emperor the ig
nominy of defeat and the popular reproach
of being the occasion of the Archduke
Maximilian’s death. Beyond this, there
are some fears for the colony of Martinque
if the West India i-lands are ti be left at
the mercy of aggression from YVashington.
In the Cuba matter, it was discovered that
Spain would not only fight herself but in
all probability receive assistance from Eng
land and France. There are even some
suspicions that there may be a tripartite
aliiahee already of this nature, and the
idea gains color from the very favorable
reception met by the new Spanish loan on
the London ’Change,as also by the readiness
of the Paris bankers to oblige the Duke de
Montpensier, the presumptive King of
Spain. In addition to these disturbing cir
cumstances, there are indications t at the
Mexicans are not partial to the idea of an
nexation and that the church influence
would be exerted to provoke hostilities
against the United States, in case our
worthy braggarts at YVashiugton were to
get into a war and become hard pushed by
England, France, and Spam. Countin
up these troubles you will perceive
that a war involves hos
tilities frem England, France, aud
Spain, a stiff resistance on the North
by the Canadians, and on the Southwest a
disposition in Mexico to strike the Grant
administration at • the first favorable
moment. Beside all this array there is y;t
another contingency and that is this: That,
if war were once to begin, there is no tell
ing how soon the South might “take a
hand in it, to rid herself of the beastly
so-oalled governments now, by the grace
of the bayonet, existent in her borders.
Just now, it is not thought there is much
probability of any trouble on that account,
but were the drums to beat and the guns
to roar, and blood to flow, and the sound
of battle to he heard in the land and on
the sea, who could say how long it wou ! d
be ere those who have been so wronged,
outraged, cheated, maligned and oppress
ed would seek, by the cold steel.that redress
it is idle to expect from Northern magna
nimity or justice. Taking all these things
together it will be seen that a foreign war
would be apt to leap forthwith into the
hugest proportions, no matter how small
its beginning, were it onoe ventured in.
On the sea, the triple French, Spanish
and English navies would sink all before
them, and on the land, the Northern
States, facing Canada as the base
of hostile operation? on the one side, and a
possible alliance of Mexico and the South
on the other, would have a hard time of
it. Great as is the Yankee nation it could
hardly stand this kind of trituration be
tween the upper and nether mill stone,
and accordingly it is that they war talk is
very feeble now, and humble-pie—dis
guised and decorated, but still humble
pie —is a frequent dish in the Northern
press.
Those of your readers who have visited
this city may remember an oil hospital on
Broadway, which, with its antique stone
wails and pleasant greensward and trees
about it, presented a striking contrast to
the adjacent busy haunts of trade. This
is the old Marine Hospital, institut’d over
an hundred years ego by the good Queen
Anne, and ordained to be a refuge for the
maimed and sick in perpetuam, there be
ing but one condition annexed to tho
possession of the grounds, and that to the
effect that sea-fartng men in need or medi
cal assistance were always to ho received
and tended free. For a century and
more the charity has been a very min
istering angel in this communi
ty, but now the aeoursed spirit
of avarice, which spare* naught,is encroach
ing on the hospital,and will ere long entire
ly engross its place. The old trees in front
of the building have been fefled, and the
greensward is being carted off, in order
that tbe foundations of warehouses may
be laid up to tho very door of the hos
pital. The building itself is, for the pres
ent safe, but will, no doubt, be soon
swept away to make more room for mer
chauts and their wares. From the fact
that the old hospital is the onjy institution
of the kind in that portion of the city,
where aecidents are most likely to occur,
there has been great opposition to this as
; sault upop it, bat the almighty dojlar
wants the few feet of ground heretofore
saered to suffering humanity, and must
have them, while suffering humanity is to
be carried a journey of six miles to the
next nearest asylum and die, for want of
speedy medical assistance on the way.
But “Progress,” Progress forever!
YVhat’s suffering humanity, what the
broken bone, tbe lacerated Binew, tbe
bleeding wound, what charity, aid, sympa
thy, and all that good Samaritan bosh to
tbe making of a dollar and a half 1 Down
with t l;e hospital and up with the store.
A eqripks pontroyerv now agitates the
city courts as to whether ghosts can be
photographed. It is claimed by a certain
spiritualist that he can take any living
person’s picture and at the same time pre
sent upon the card tbe faint outline re
semblance of any deceased friend or rela°
tivo the eittep may wish to conjured
up. Some of these spirit photographs I
have seen and they are certainly curious
enough. One is ot a young man sitting in
a chair and above him the shade of another
man looking upon him. Still another is
that of a widower seated by a table aud
tbe ghost of what is said to be his deceased
wife—and a very fine, plump, personable
ghost she is—leaning carelessly over him.
The opponents pr the wc/tby who pro
duces these pictures maintain that the
same effects cant be produced by merely
chemical m-’ans, and it goes to sustain
their view that ths ghost professor will
got allow anybody to inspect his mode of
phqtpgrpphg. Iphe unit against him is
brought on the gt’oqnq'thß he is a deceiyer
of the public, and hence under the statute
against obtaining money by trick and de
vice. The case is fiercely contested, the
ghost man having many spiritualist friends
who swear point blank to having seen
spectres and even talked with them, and
aa the other a|do La.o eon* am apoaritaons, 1
the weight of affidavit is with the trader in
dead men’s shades.
That negro, who finds some white men
noor-spirited enough to call him Lieutenant
Goverbor of Louisiana, was on the Stock
Exchange in Wall street the other day
and there duly revered by the loil Shylocks
of that ilk. What tho buck said and
what the brethren said are duly set forth
in the papers, and will be read, doubtless,
with interest by the historian when he
shall consider that singular tendency to
mongrelism which characterizes the trooly
joil of this day.
Boutweii does not meet acceptance as
Secretary of the Treasury at the hands of ;
the Wail Street financiers, always except- j
ing that particular “ring” thereof which j
owns the Government and runs it to its j
own private gain. On the Ist of May,
-sortie $30,000,000 in gold are to be dis- j
bursed From thp ’juppspry a? interest on
the bonds, and yet on the top of this the
Secretary advertises he will receive pro
posals to buy gold out of the balance left
in the Treasury. The tendency of this is
to produce the appearance of a glut and
run gold down. Then the “ring” will
buy. strip the qoarket, run geld up and sell
—a neat operation deatlued t3 rob some
body to no little extent.
In any political calculations looking very
far into the future it would not be amiss to
take into oonsidertion what effect it would
have to see Colfax in the Presidential chair.
There are rumors here that Grant, is des
perately worried by office-seeking and that
the anxiety superinduced has an
injurious effett on his health. “Griet in
glass bottles is apt to kill.
Tyrone Powers.
The Reported Resignations op Cab
inet Officers. —We have the best au
thority ior stating, says a Washington cor
respondent, that there is no foundation
whatever in the report that Secretary Borie
contemplates resigning his po-ition. The
same is also true concerning Secretary
Fish and Attorney General Hoar. Ail
these reports are put in circulation by
parties who have special interest in
view, and wish to make capital by making
it appear that the several Secretaries are
not satisfied with their positions, and do
not agree altogether with the President
and his policy.
Letter from Clarksville.
The Augusta and Hartwell Railroad—lts
Extension to Habersham and Rabun.
Clarkesville, April 22, 1869.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel: —
I notice in your last Weekly that
there is to be a call for a meeting of
the corporators of the Augusta and
Hartwell Riilroai Company, issued by R.
L. Casey, Esq., oDe of that body, to meet
on the second YVednesday of May next? for
the purpose of organizatioo. I have not
seen the charter granted to this company,
but I presume that the movers in this
enterprise have not been so unwise as to
limit the extent of this road to the points
indicated in the corporate title; but,on the
contrary, that it has been foreseen that this
road once commenced must be extended
along the table lands of the valley of
the upper Savannah, and ultimately tra
versing a portion of this county, form a
junction with the Blue Ridge at or near
Clayton, in RabuG county.
If this assumption be correct, permit
me space in your valuable journal to call
the attention of the corporators to the ex*
pediency of appointing commissioners in
tho upper counties of this section of the
State, through which this road must pass.
The people of Northeastern Georgia have
long desired a railroad connection with the
seacoast. Such a connection is now abso
lutely necessary for the development of
this country —naturally a farmer’s country
—Unrivalled in health, attractive by its
sceiftry, and yielding bountifully farm pro
ducts—wheat, barley, hay and corn,
horses, cattle, sheep, and dairy products.
Before the war wo found ready sale for
our products, for the most part, to sea
board visitors, who sought recuperation
from the renovating influences of the in
tertropical climate of the seacoast, coming
chiefly from Savannah and Charleston.
Many of the good people of Savannahand
Charleston opened up beautiful farms in
our section, and built handsome summer
residences. The altered condition cf af
fairs since the wat has cut off this home
market Our former summer visitors no
longer visit us, and our farms cannot now
be worked profitably, except the
products be converted into cattle or horses,
on account of slow, tedious and expensive
and wasteful trtusportation by wagons.
Hence hundreds of farms are being aban
doned. it is true, through the influence
of the Rev. Pail C. Morton and some
other Virginians, our people are begin
ning to turn their attention to raising tobac
co with no small degree of success, and that
we have two or three small tobacco facto
ries supplied by tobacco grown in our fertile
valleys. 'lbis product no doubt wid in
crease yearly and become an important,
perhaps the most important, product of
this region, as all the Virginians who have
come amonjst us are succeeding beyond
calculation; and their success will, beyond
doubt, draw other emigrants from the old
Dominion. But even this development
depends upon better means of transporta
tion than that we now have.
It is also true that now we have some
prospect for better transportation by the
projected Air Line road now commenced
from Atlanta. But the route of this road
w 11 not afford us access to those markets
which are the natural outlet for our pro
ducts.
The people of this section are determin
ed to have the facilities of railroad trans
portation. Tkey have tried again and
again, to awaken an interest in the Geor
gia Railroad aid Banking Company. YVe
no longer expeet any aid from that quarter,
although we have always looked to such
a conneciion as most feasible, at smallest
cost, and as satisfying by natural location
in a great measure (but not wholly),
one of the best wants of this
section. Now we look elsewhere. The
following are the resources which can be
made available for the extension of
tho Hartwell Road :
, Ist. Subscriptions in this section, and
these subscriptions will be of four classes
■-Ist cash subscriptions, which, I believe,
can be had in the counties of Habersham
and Rabun in tho sum of fifty thousand
dollars. 2nd. Subscriptions , payable iu
woik, excavation, embankment, rock
work, getting cross-ties, &c ; and ibese
may be put down at least at fifty thousand
do lars more, in said counties. 3d. Sub
scription in bonds of counties, which, in
said counties will amount to one hundred
thousand dollars And lastly, Lands which
will be subscribed freely to the amouut of
two hundred thousand dollars, at present
low valuation of lands in Habersham and
Rabun. Now, if the lower counties will
come up tothc work as fairly as we will (and
I do not think I have over-estimated what
will be done) it will give a pretty fair start
for an independent road through the river
counties of the Savannah valley. Our
second resource which can be made avail
able is from the city of Savannah and the
Central Railroad and Banking Company.
The poa-essions of the people of Savannah
in this section are very large. The people
of Savannah prior to the w,;r were largely
interested in this section and a large num
ber always spent the Summer in their
mouutain homes, maintaining friendly re
lations with our citizens, and furnishing
chiefly a home market for what we raised.
In the present condition of affairs their
property in this section is of little value to
them, because of its inaccessibility. They
have, said we might expect their cordial co
operation. Tuts road if built will be the
shortest connection with Cincinnati and
the populous YYest, through the Blue
Ividge Road. It will be the commanding
route for the interchange of products be
tween Cuba and the tropics of the Gulf
and the populous Northwest, which boast
such towus as Chicago and Cincinnati.
The city of Savannah, the great seaport
of the Southern Atlantic coa9t, and the
Central Railroad, its greatest feeder, will
not fail to acek a preponderating influence
in the oontrol of that which is to be the
great highway of traffic between the great
Northwest and the tropics, and which will
increase so largely her shipping interest.
And lastly, we rely on State aid. The
State has done nothing for the develop
ment of this section, while she has con
tributed freely for the deyelopment of other
portions I need not enumerate. { know
ihe disposition of the present Legislature,
and I am sure we cannot fail to secure aid
in aDv subsequent one; and I tell you
frankly, Mesrs. Editors, we shall ignore
polities in this matter. We do not oare
whether legislators be Radioal, Republican
or Democratic, we shall support such, and
none other, as will mete out that which we
believe is due to us, for the develop
ment of our section, which has hitherto
been wholly negleptcfl.
I have said nothing of subscription from
the oity of Augusta; for reasons any mem
ber of the Legislature before the war, will
readily surmise. Since Andrew J. Miller’s
death, wc have no one with whom to coun
sel, thereiore, what amount could be ob
tained in Augusta and from her citizens,
I do not presume to estimate; but leave it
for them, whs gore of conflicting
interests than I do. But I ami confident
with unanimity of action in the several
counties interested. that from the
sources I have indicated, the Augusta &
Hartsvi.lo Road can be built and made a
paying, road j high way, "by
extension to Rabun Gap, and Northeast
Georgia will co-operate energetically.
Mo- U.
FROM WASHINGTON.
Special CV retp indence Paliimora Ornette.
| Tiic Sprague-etbbvn -.1 Ridicu
lous Business—A Change in Canine
| Nomenclature—Rumored Changes in
the Cabinet—Secretary Pish — 2los Ap
\ nngitmeut* to Office— Secretary Borie—
Naval Officers to be Allowed to Occupy
Civil Positions—Sickles to go to Nad
| rid—The Farce of Registration in the
jjistrict of Columbia, db&, Ac-
Washing ton, April 20, 1809 —The
| town has been full of rumors to day.
The gossip in relation to the Sprague-Au
j bott affair is too contradictory and un
trustworthy to justify repetition. It seems
! to be conceded that there vjii ho oft duel.
| If stick ft thing were really contemplated
j of course the public would be kept in the
| dark. The best evidence that there is no
| fight in Abbotp in other fashions, is the
' publicity he voluntarily gave to his threats.
He not only thereby placed his life at the
disposal of his adv rsary in case of an at
tempt to execute them}, but invited the
police to interfere. Malicious people will
insinuate this to have been his object ;
and it is probable that such will be the
denouement of this ridiculous business.
It would, indeed, seem strange that the
authorities (proverbially officious on such
occasions) b?ve pot yet, so far as I ebow,
arrested the heliigeieat carpet bagger.
The precise spot where he may be found
(ready to answer to the law), is con
veniently heralded by the Radical journals,
pretendingly to show that if his antago
nist desires to send him a message it need
not misoarry. Why is ‘‘Major’’Richards
(body-snatchers have now military titles)
so inert?’’ "vVhy don’t he come?” as
the old love song goes. Perhaps he is in
no ap rehension of a breach of the peace !
In the meantime, little “Rhody’’ is as I
calm as a Summer’s morning. I never
saw him on foot in the street before the !
memorable night of Thursday last —(he is j
very domestic;—but einoe then I have rec
ognised him hajf a times leisurely .
promenading the stopping ouca- \
siona'iy at the show windows in that thor
oughfare. Ho was yesterday morning at j
church, and in the afternoon, I Jeajfl. I
quietly took a stroll entirely aione. The
Radical leaders must hunt up some more
daring _ champion if they desire to scare
the litUe “pc£ out of the puldic.” |
is evidently a "novice in the assassin’s j
trade.' By the way, the rapid change :
in the names of the “blacks and tans' and j
curs of greater size, but lower degree, in |
this great “City of Dogs” is very remarks :
ble. Heretofore, such as “tractor,”
‘ Caesar,” “Pompey” and “Scipio,” once
common enough here, have gone out of
fashion. Nothing is heard now but whist
“9B for “Abbott!” and “Nye!” and
“Seize him, Nye 1” “Seizehim. Abbott!”
■>■> P ro ! oua d philosophy conveyed in
Burns Tale of the “Twa Dogs” is also
now diligently studied, a-d even the
Travestie of Othello as whilom rendered by
Dan Rica is recollected and the suggestive
lines quoted with a vim
‘‘l took by the tail a second-sized dog,
And smote him thus ?”
Another less important
ing the sen itive public mind just now is
the rumored changes in the Cabinet. Since
the division of the spoils it seems no one
is desirous of remaining in the President’s
council. It is said Mr. Fish will retire
shortly. This gentleman was most egre
giously humbugged. It appears that
nearly all the foreign appointments were
determined upon by Mr. Washburne dur
ing his brief incumbency, and yet the re
sponsibility of recommending the scala
wags nominated must necessarily attach to
his skirts. It is not worth while to dwell
upou the character and qualifications of
these individuals. They have been suffi
ciently ventilated by Senators themselves.
But I may say a Senator (of the Radical
stripe) said on Saturday that the negro
Ambassadors to Liberia and Hayti were
decidedly superior to any of the whites
accredited to similar missions. I hear also
that Mr. Borie, in sober truth, contem
plates retirement, and that Admiral Porter
will succeed to the full command; and just
hare it is necessary I should recall whar I
said yesterday about the President’s de
termination befog unalterable. He has, I
earn, “backed down,” as the phase is,
from his lofty standpoint, and will hereaf
ter allow an army or naval officer to occupy
high civil position while holding on to his
commission. He was forced to this vas
cillation by the parties who, Mr' Sprague
says, now control him. Sickles will go to
Madrid, but will not give up his claim
hereafter for full pay for life under his
commission and “retiracy.”
The farce of registration of voters here
who are to determine the next charter
election is eliciting some attention, but re
quires for a proper elucidation large
space, and can be deferred for the present.
The people of Washington are in pret y
much the same condition the city of Balti
more w“° n some years back—with this
exception, nowever, that whereas your op
pressors were white, and ours are black,
chestnut and yellow, with few exceptions.
The whole current proceedings at the polls
are far beneath contempt.
Iu the case of Carlile, who was confirm
ed by the Senate as Minister to Sweden, it
appears that Senator Sumner called for a
reconsideration in order, as be said, to
have an aye and no vote upon him. But
when the vote was reconsidered, Mr. Sum
ner, by (filibustering, staved it off, so that
when the Senate adjourned Carlile’s nomi
nation went over. Rather sharp practice!
It is stated that the names of the Com
missioners to examine the Pacific Railroads
will be announced by the President in a
few days. The composition of the boards
has been already determined on, and the
gentlemen composing them belong prin
cipally to the engineering profession.
Six prominent Republican Senators
(says the Intelligencer) voted against Pile
for Minister to Brazil who signed a letter
asking Secretary Fish, in very earnest
language, to make the appointment. X.
THE ABBOTT-SPAGUE QUARREL— AN AT
TEMPT AT SETTLEMENT—SPRAGUE WILL
NOT RETRACT.
Correspondence of the New York Herald.
Washington, April 25.—There has
been an armistice between the belligerent
Senators, Abbott and Sprague. Both of
them remained in their respective houses
all day, not even venturing out to church.
It is understood that late last night a cou
ple of friends of Senator Abbott waited
upon an intimate relative and friend of
Senator Sprague, with a view of reaching
a settlement of the difficulty. Abbott’s
friends stated what was necessary on the
part of Sprague to satisfy Abbott.
Sprague’s friend said he would do what he
could, but intimated that he had little in
fluence over him, and that Sprague was
disposed to follow his own determination.
To-morrow the friends of Senator Abbott
will wait upon the friends of Mr. Sprague
to get whatever answer he has to make.
Should it be unsatisfactory Mr. Abbott
will then write a formal note to Mr.Sprague
demanding a retraction of the offensivel an
guago. It Sprague refuses to retract there
is but one remedy for Abbott, and he an
nounces his determination to use it. It is
not anticipated that Sprague will conde
scend to give any explanation what
ever. He takes this view of it,
namely—that Abbott, with unjustifiable
heat,proclaimed from his place in the Sen
ate that he intended to exact a retraction
or obtain satisfaction otherwise. To con
sent under such circumstances to render an
explanation would bo, Sprague’s friends
say, yielding to the threat, and therefore
exposing himself to the imputation of
cowardice. Had Abbott quietly requested
an explanation in a private way Sprague
would not have objected to supplying a so
lution ot the mastiff and puppy dog enigma,
but now such a thing seems to be out of
the question. Sprague is not encouraging
a collision, but considers it below his dig
nity to make any explanation after the
public proclamations of the North Caro
lina Senate's bell cosc intentions. If Ab
bott sends a challenge, Sprague still asserts
that he will not accept it, because he does
not believe in dueling, but if Mr. Abbott
attempts to assault him, then look out for
mischief. Nobody here, not even his bit
te est opponents, questions Sprague’s
pluck, and there is just as littlo doubt
of the fighting qualities of the honorable
gentleman from Norih Carolina. In con
versation with a gentleman to-day Abbott
declared again that he could not see any
escape from a collision, unless Sprague
makes a retraotion.
“But, Senator,” said the gentleman,
“Sprague will uot suffer himself to be
struck a second time by any man. If you
assault him. he will shoot you.”
“Well, sir, let him shoot —ifhegetsa
chance,” replied Abbott.
This remark is taken to mean that if
Abbott gets one blow at little Kbody there
won’t be any oocasfon for a second Ab
bott is a man of powerful physique, with a
broad, fully developed chest, and an arm
like a b'acksmith. A vigorous blow from
bis right shoulder, therefore, would be apt
to knock Sprague hors de combat. Ab
bott’s friends regret the position the affair
has assumed, and deplore the wide-spread
publicity that has been given it. They
can see no avenue of escape open for their
Senator, and have commenced to weigh
the consequenoes likely to flow from a reg
ular collision. If Abbott opens the assault,
it is probable he will be c-zpelled from
the Senate, and so cut off in the very bud
of his political career. This phase of the
case evidently presses heavily upon Abbott
himself but he seems to think that |;e has
no alternative but to fjjght ?,nd take all
these risjts or tuck down ingloriously. In
the language of the hoys here, he must
“either kill a dog or swallow a hatchet.”
Look out for dreadful developments to
morrow.
The Sprague Abbott Quan;eli— 'lj'iifi Agony
Over —Tjhe Corresp&ipleo.ie—An Analy
pi <J lh(. flifegid Retraction—Creeping
Out of the Difficulty—How the Thing
was Done and who Helped to Do it
R?f.“Zii<ms on Canines—The Jap
anese Send President Grant a Coat of
Mail and Silken Robes — Whcti
Do Wi'h — Cuba —Special In
structions from France and England.
Wahiiinotos, April 3T, 1809. —Tlie
long agony is over. The bellicose Worth
Carolina Senator whose home is not “nn
j the ocean wave,” but in New Hampshire,
| has been pacified. The public “peace 1 '
! has been preserved without the interven
| tion of police, and order once more ‘ -reigns
I in Warsqw. ’
• The t(jrms by which this great national
f pacification was effected are before the
■ public. They consist of three letters, all
! of which , it is understood , xvere prepared
j before the "Little Pet" could be induced to
; sign his “explanation." And what a mild
! prescription this for sn woful a wound of
! honor 1 The Chronicle itself seems dis
gusted with the conduct of its champion.
“The tenor of these 'ette ss” it says, “gave
; rise to much discussion in all circles dur
ing the evening,public opinion being sopae
what divided on the question as to
whether Mr. Sprague’s letter could be
considered, qs a retraction.” Manifestly
“Mr. Sprague's letter” contains no “re
traction’’ at all. He states truly enough j
that “the paragraph of my speech re- j
ferred to was written, and in manuscript, |
some time before it was delivered in the |
Senate, and before you participated in the i
debate, and, therefore, was not intended j
(that is the 'paragraph,' when ‘written’
as aforesaid.) toapply to you.” How could
it? But the “Pet” is careftd to refrain
from any “retraction” of applying the
anecdote told in the “paragraph” to his
adversary in his speech—which he unde
niably did, as shown in the part of it
quoted by Abbott himself. But it was an
up-hill business to get the punctilious and
pugnacious little cotton spinner to gratify
his opponent even thus far. He seems to
have taken malicious pleasure in procras
tinating the tortures of his victim. You
have already published an account of an
ingenious dodge reserted to for the pur
pose of extricating this unlucky aspirant
for heroic honors from his ridiculous po
sition, in the following words ;
“It is understood that late last night
(the blessed Sabbath) a couple of friends
of Senator Abbott waited upon an intimate
relative and friend of J Senator Sprague
(Judge Chase), with a view of reaching a
settlement of the' difficulty,
friends stated *fhit was neoe»sary ’ on the
part of Bplague _ to satisfy Abbott.
Sprague's friend said he would do what he
could, but intimated that he had tittle (
influence over him, and that Spregue was
disposed to follow his own determination.” j
Failing utterly in this ruse, the next
step was an eloquent appeal through Bona- i
tornl friends to mollify the stubbornness of
Sprague, and ioduce him to “adopt some
measure of settlement.” Two of the most
gifted pathetic orators were selected.
Mark that no written hostile approach
had been made—not even a request for
exp.auation—time Monday morning; id
leged insults last Thursday. I quote from
the Chronicle :
“iesterday (Monday) morning Senators
Sherman and Sumner called ‘'pon Govern
or S , at his residence, and had quite a
lengthy consultation with him on the mat
ter, during which they strongly urged him
to adopt some measure of settlement. •*
Senators Sherman and Sumner protested
against any action on the part of the Gov
ernor of other than an amicable character ,
and advised that he should merely sag iu
reply, as he said during the conveisation,
that * * * the words were in his
speech as written several days previous,and
before the debate in which the words occur
ed had even come up in the Senate.”
Such is the modern mode of settling
points of honor. But let every dog wag
his own tail to his liking. By the way,
how is it that our modern hotspurs take
such offence at being calleda “dog,” wheu
they regard as a compliment the soubri
quet of the “old Fox.” Ot the canine
species the fox is the meanest, and the dog
the noblest. In this controversy the com
munity ofdogs have the greatereause of
complaint, and should howl out their
griefs, if not demand "satislaetion.”
A San I ranoisco paper announces that
“a quantity of Japanese articles, being
presents tor his Excellency President
Grant, arrived here by the steamship
Great Republic, on the 27th ultimo, and
have been forwarded overland to Wash
ington. The presents consist of a Japanese
coat of mail, a dozen Japanese silk robes,
and a variety of erockeryware and lacquer
ed boxes. ihe same paper innocently
eDOUghadis that as “the Constitution pro
hibits officers ot' this Republic from ac
cepting presents from foreign princes or
potentates, these articles will probably
grace a show case in the halls us the Unit
ed istates l’ateut Office, or be donated to
some charity lair. It is to be hoped that
no such disposition will be made of these
aitides.- It. has even been thought that
the clause of the Constitot on referred to
ought never to have been interpolated in
our fundamental law, and should at this
refined day be u'terly disregarded. It
proceeds upon the hypothesis of a possi
bility of a President or dthar oflber being
bribed—either in advance or after favors
received—a thing not to be thought of,
notwithstanding the flings of the N. Y.
Times and Sun, whoso animus is trans
parent disappointment ! No ; let these
Japanese curiosities go where the mam
moth ox is now grazing—even to the
“Missouri homestead.”
It has transpired here that both the
French and English Ministers have re
cently had special instructions from their
Governments to send every item of re
ii'ble i-t illigeuce in reference to Cuban
affairs, and especially to inform them of
any filibustering movements ou the tapis.
X
The Earth Closet.
We publish the following extracts from
a communication by Professor S. W. John
son of Yale Scientific School, esteeming
them of great value to our readers, both
ou account of the universal interest of the
subject, and from the high reputation of
its author :
There are two grave questions which en
force attention from every dweller in the
city, and should not be neglected by those
who have the country for their home.
These questions relate t> the disposition of
the liquid and solid waste of the human
body. One of them is, How shall the
waste be effectually prevented from being
an annoyance and source of disease? and
the other, How shall it be cade a means
of fertility to the soil, and thus an item of
national wealth?
Nothing is better established than the
connection between human excrement and
certain fearful epidemics.
It is on all hands admitted that cholera
is most frequently and certainly transmit
ted to healthy persons by the intestinal
evacuations of those who have been sick
with this disease.
Typhoid fever, a form of disease very
prevalent among us, is often traceable,
with scarcely less certainty, to privy vaults,
cesspools, and sewers. It is stated that
Prince Albert, of England, probably con
tracted the disease that was fatal to him
from the foul air that found its way into
his study out of a forgotten sewer through
a crack in the wall.
Most often it is our drinking- water that
brings into us the contamination. In mul
titudes of cases the well is but a few yards
or feet from a cesspool that receives the
| kitchen slops on one hand and a privy
vault ou the other. The writer knows a
well which furnished good water tor about
five years after it was excavated, in what
was until then a vacant lot, but after this
iutervul became unpleasaut in taste, its
flavor plainly suggesting the nature of its
impurities.
In his researches on the cholera in Ba- |
varia, iu 1845, Pettenkofer traced its
spread in several cases, in the most in
dubitable manner, to the use of water
which had been iu contact with the fceces
of cholera patients.
The safest mode of escaping the evils in
question hitherto adopted in closely built
towns, consists in removing ali human
excreta to a distance by subterranean sew
erage. In paved cities the street hydrants,
which, with the rains, wash the surface
fifth into a system of underdraius, and the
water-closets which connect every house
with the same, would seem to offer every
immunity against the accumulation of
fcocal matters. The immunity is, in fact,
very considerable in those cases where the
system is well carried out; where the wa
ter supply is sufficiently copious and the
sewerage is promptly carried off to the sea.
There always remain the objections that
poverty cannot and indolence will not
“make the connections,” that sewers will
leak, and rivers and harbors are made
noisome with the rottenness that is poured
into them.
The waste involved in the “civilized”
way of treating the materials under notice
is immense. Every harvest brings from
the country to tho city, from the West to
the East, a vast bulk of beef, corn and
hay, whose use to the city people does not
for the most part consist in any permanent
giving of its elements, but which, after
having weighted the wheel of life through
half a turn and dropped off as waste, ad
mits of conversion into food again, if but
carried back to the fields. The gardeners
and farmeis in our immediate vicinity are
obliged to disburse heavy sums each year
for the phosphates and nitrogen which
their crops demand, and which their land
eanuot adequately mppjy. The guanos
and fjsh-pRa bares which are brought from
adistanoe. or manufactured at a heavy
cost for their use, are in reality p tid for
not by them; but by these who purchase
their produce in the city markets. The
auirnal who stands at the of creation
requires the richest fund, and yields to tho
food .producer the riche-1 return It re
quires but little art to convert his excre
ment into increment, and the conversion
may be made < xtremrly profitable.
The means of satisfying at once all de
mands t f'sanitaiy science and ‘J «shoul
- is, however, everywhere
at hand, of extreme simplicity and
CBfeapmfts in its application. Dry and
fine earth is the material.
This property of earth is pc dis
covery. Its use wps prescribed the
Israelites (Eyeuterondmj, 23. T° and 13)
and is turned to kefo-* Account by the in
stincts of sur domestic carnivorae. The
xtev. Henry Moule, an English clergyman,
was the first to elaborate, by a careful
study of the subject, a plan for tfie system
atic employment of earth for this purpose.
The arrangements required to constitute
an earth closet are not necessarily complex
or expensive. It is only needful that a
space he had below the privy-seat,
the bottom of which should bq of flagging
or cement, and a little above the ground
level, or at (east protected from the wet of
rain and of the ground. This space should
communicate with a shed at the rear of the
privy, to hold od one side a load or two of
dry fine earth (not sand) or sifted coal
ashes, and leave an equal room unoccupied
on the other. Tor hospital or sick room
use, eithera simple commode or pail, with
a bed of earth io apply, or the self-acting
oom modes of Mr. Moule may be used.
Very important it is that hotels, schools,
and, we may add, colleges, should be pro
vided with this labor and health-saving
arrangement. In large schools it is suffi
cient to put the application of earth io
charge of an attendant. In hotels the
self acting apparatus is better.
The fertilizing value of the properly
managed compost should be abundant re
muneration to parties supplying earth, es- J
pqciaUy as its carriage is not attended with
the slightest odor, and requires not the
cover of darkness to mitigate its i errors, ;
w b'le its use is less disagreeable than that
of Peruvian or fish guano, and not worse
than the employment of any old com
post.
Reader, lose no time in providing your
self, and inciting your neighbor to provide,
some form of earth closet in lieu of the
vault which has hitherto sufficed. Health
and economy both demand it! City authori
ties would do well to enact that all privies
within a hunded feet of dwellings, or of
wells in use,should b i converted into earth
closets, and to provide for their systematic
and thorough inspection.
The Richmond (Y& i steel works an*
being rebuilt by a Northern gentleman of
large means—a Mr, .Strong. It will be re
membered that these works, situated on
the river bank, almost under the Fete.s
burg Railroad bridge, weve destro Ad by
the falling of the bla*ing timbers of that
Structure in the 3d of April conflagration,
improved machinery and every modern
facility for turning out good work will be
put in.
Georgia Items.
A brewery is being built near Rome, and
the manufacture of a fine quality of ale
will commence iq &bout three wcek.^*
The Air Line Eagle, published iu Gaines
ville ,says ■ “We are pleased to learn that
the peaches were not all destroyed by the
late frosts.”
The Talbotton Gazette reports the death
of Archibald Bruce, a very old citizen of
Talbot. He was ninety years a ruling elder
in the Presbyterian church.
Death op Col. Sumner J. Smith.—
The deceased had been a resident of Banks
county several years. Having served with
distinction as a member of the Legislature
from Towns county, he was better known
as “Smith of Towns.” His last public
service was as . member of the Philadel
phia Convention of 1866. Athens Watch
man.
A Valuable Accfssion.—We are in
formed by S. K. Johnson, Esq., Assistant
Superintendent of the Georgia Railroad,
that on yesterday he received a telegram
from Danville, Va., stating that a large
number of hands from a tobacco factory
there, were enroute to Atlanta, to engage
in the same business, and asking if he
would pass them over the Georgi i Rail
road at reduced rates. With his usual
promptness, liberality, and foresight, he
immediately replied in the affirmative.
We extend a cordial welcome to them. —
Atlanta Constitution.
Dr. J. Emmett Blackshear has been ap
pointed Grand Secretary of the Ghand
Lodge in ueorgia, in place of Simri Rose,
deceased.
It is said that the new Catholio church,
soon to be erected in Adanta, will be one
of the finest church edifices in the South.
Mr. R. S. Hardaway, commission mer
chant of St. Louis, and a native of Colum
bus, Georgia, died in the former place on
the 16th inst.
There are now living in Upson county
an old couple, man and wife, whose united
ages are 203 years—the man being 101, and
the woman 102yearsold.
We learn from the Savannah Wet os of
Wednesday, that Judge Erksine, of the
Uoited States District Court, affirmed a
decision of Register Frank S. Hasseltine,
that the vendor’s equitable lieu upon land
sold is not discharged by the subsequent
taking of a mortgage upon the sarno laud
and takes precedence over a judgment
lien obtained prior to the said mortgage.
Cotton.—The A No. 1 ship .James Jar
dine, was cleared yesterday for Liverpool
bv Messrs. Charles Green, Son & Cos.
This is the second trip she has made across
the Atlantic ocean this season; she carries
out 2,000 bales upland and one bag of sea
island cotton, weighing 966,953 pounds,
valued at'5361,077; she also carries 110,-
322 feet lumber.— Savannah News.
Farming News.—From all parts of
Central and Southern Georgia we hear
but one account. It is the best stand of
corn and cotton, and the best crop con
ditions generally which have been known
since the war.— Macon Citizen.
Coming South —lt is with much pleas
ure that we have to announce, says the
Macon Journal & Messenger , that Messrs.
Butts & Brother, real estate agents here,
have lately sold two places to some North
ern gentlemen, and that they are expect
ing a visit soon from some very prominent
Northerners, who expect to invest very
largely here.
Timber, &c. , for Newport (Wales).
—Messrs. Charles Green, Son <fc Cos , yes
terday cleared the bark Architect (Br. ) 366
tons, Captain W. Rosewaine, for the above
port, with 272 logs of timber, measuring
212,439 feet, valued at $3,186 58; nine
teen pieces of bea u fillings, measuring
12,369 feet, valued at $lB5 53, and 160
pieces of planks, measuring 7,841 feet,
valued at $156 82 —Savannah Republi
can, April 30.
Cotton for Liverpool. Messrs.
Wilder & Fullerton yesterday cleared the
bark Alamo (North German), 663 tons,
Captain S. Weissenhoro, for the above
port, with 2,111 bales upland cotton,
weighing 944,571 pounds, valued at $258,-
681 93.
Crop Prospects.—The rain of Tuesday
night was just as we would have—it fell
gently and for a long while. This will
bring up the cotton that has been held
back by reason of the hard crust formed
by the last rain. Our planters generally
are in good cheer as to their prospects for
a crop. Have beard favorable reports
from those who are using commercial fer
tilizers. — Dawson Journal.
The Crops.—The prospects open fine
ly for an abundant yield of corn and cotton
in this section. We have never seen bet
ter stands of eit her corn or cot on than the
majority of farmers in this section have.
We are having splendid seasons, and the
plants are growing rapidly.— Americus
Courier.
Cotton Faotorv.—When the Legisla
ture chartered a cotton manufacturing
company in Savannah, we expected to see
a factory erected in a short time, which
would give employment, to the large num
ber of young persons who are now idle for
the want ot something to do. But we
have heard nothing from the enterprise
for several months, and we cannot learn
that the company has even been organ
ized. And, moreover, it is intimated that
an attempt was made to secure subscrip
tions to the stock, which proved to be a
failure. Savannah Republican.
Crops in Washington County.—Re
freshing showers of rain have visited this
part of the vineyard the last few days.
The weather is delightful and the prospect
for fine crops very good. We hear some
complaint of rats, moles and birds com
mitting depredations upon the youog corn,
and the stand thus being injured From
what we can learn, our people have plant
ed pretty liberally in corn, sufficent it is
hoped for some consumption. The wheat
crop was perhaps never more promising.
A large breadth of land was sowed, and if
no mishap befalls it the yield will be large
for this section. Cotton planting is about
conoluded, and the planters generally, wo
believe, have their work well advanced.
The fruit, we are glad to know, was not
seriously injured by tho late frosis, as a
feneral thing throughout the country.
Ivery planter knows that now is the time
to drive his work, in order that he may be
prepared for any emergency. Take it ail
together we are of the opinion that Wash
ington county was never more prosperous
than at the present time.— Central Geor
gian, ‘2Bth.
Georgia Railroad and Banking
Company—lt will be a source of gratifi
cation to the many friends of this popular
institution ti learn that they have re-estab
lished their agency in this city, under the
superintendence of that sterling man,
Perino Brown. It will receive deposits
and sell exchargs on the principal cities.
Having no circulation to piotect the whole
capital is guaranteed for the safety of de
posit irs. The Georgia Railroad is, aoVv in
a prosperous condition. The report to tho
stockholders in May will snow an increase
in receipts of oyer SIIIO,OOO above the re
ceipts of last year. Tho road is out of j
debt, and in good order. The office is in
the new depot. Atlanta Constitution, \
News Iteatij,
The articles "’Words and Their
Uses,” by Richard Grant White,
win,* have been published in the Galaxy
: from time to time, and which have already
; attracted much attention, are now under
going a careful revision by the author, and
will soon be published by Sheldon <x Cos, in
Iqok *oru). Mr. White has attacked the
whole school of ‘ technical English gram
SiariaiH,” and the publication of bis book
will revive the excitement among the eritios.
On the authority of the New York Sun,
we learn that hut eight thousand copies of
Mr. Greeley’s “ Recollections” have been
sold, although ! arton’s life of the Tribune
1 philosopher, when first issued, had a run
of 30,000. This is perhaps a very fair gqm
pie of the influence of periodica' literature,
almo.-t every one having voad the “ Recol
ec tions” in the ledger.
The New Orleans Picayune says; “The
newly appointed Surveyor for this port,
James Longstreet, Lieutenant General of
the late Confederate States army, yester
day forwarded his bond to Washington for
approval. The amount of the bond is
$5 . 000, and the bondsmen are C. J.Cheno
weth, J. F. Casey and Langles. Gen.
Longstreet arrived in the city Thursday
morning last.”
Calming Effect of Flowers.—R is
reported from the xMichigan State Lm.atic
Asylum that some of the severest cases of
insanity in men brought to the institution
in irons, and manifesting the most violent
symptoms, have been suddenly calmed
down to a condition bordering on sanity by
the presentation of a bouquet gathered
from the greenhouse.
The Apprentices’ Library in Philadel-.
phia loaned the youth of the oity during
the last year 24,897 volumes. Os these 10,-
793 volumes were given out from the boys’
department, and 14 104 from the girl's
department. It would appear, therefore
that the girls are more assiduous readers)
than the boys, since the difference in their )
numbers is uot in proportion to the differ
enee between the volumes read, there hav
ing been 739 boys supplied with books and
877 girls.
The Olive in tiA South. —This fruit I
is already cultivated to a limited extent in !
the Gulf States ; but competent judges
say there is no reason why it3 cultivation j
should not become extensive and profit- >
able here. n
The olive is a IftH-feranehiojr, evergreen
tree, which aua.ns a heigh-. 0 f twenty or
feet. The r, ( binary crop is fifteen
or twenty pounds of the fruit annually,
knd this yield is subject to none of the
casualties of other products. It begi >s to
bear at six years of age. It grows equally ;
well ia limestone, in clayey, or in alluvial j
regions, and requires but little pruning or j
care. It is pregnated by seed, by cuttings j
and by means of cortical tumors, which
form upon the truck and are excised and
planted like bulbs. It has been suggested
that it might be grafted with advantage
upon the wild American olive.
AGRICULTURAL.
Contributions on practical farming are
so netted from our friends throughout the
country.
T ANARUS, About the Okra Plant.
„,:. he ~ * , ng letter ,rom ‘be President
of the Chickasabocue P apcr Mills
live to the cultivation of Okra for the
manufacture of paper, will be found inter
esting :
[From the Enterprise iXin.) .S lar .j
7 TT Mobile, March 20, 1860
Col. 11. Harding : D EAK Si a : Y our
favor of the 13th mst., making inquiries
about the okra plant, is duly at hand atm
I improve an early Opportunity to renlv
I will answer your questions separately
1. The yield of okra per acre will of
course depend much upou the -’'aracter of
the soil, mode of cultivation me It U
h ? wever j that a rich soil well
tended can be made to proum as hi»h •>
seven to eight tons per acre ]■;?
hardly fall U»w taw w, iVr'*. ® >
with any sort of cu'tivation ’
2. We propose to pay S2O per ton of
2,0Q0 pounds, probably we may pßy a little
higher. At present we are .he only per
sons prepared to purchase the salts
Ine seed are in demand, and will readilv
K£l" W lort ffo ' U ?;J !0 P«
3. Preparation of stale. The stalks
snould be pulled any time after the seed
commences to ripen, by the roois. the dirt
knocked off by striking two t igeth r, and
laid out like hay in rows, fa cure ia the
sun. Ihe rows should n. tbe too thick,
and the stalks ought to be turned occasion’
ady (which can be done like hav with a
fork) to permit the san and air ‘to str kc
freely through them. When well dried
so that there is no dancer of mildew thev
can be gathered up and packed in bales
very much like hay or fodder would be
hickory wiches or old ropes would suffice
for binding—the only object being to hold
the stalks together for transpoituion.
The labor of caring and packing is very
slight.
4. I am prepared to furnish seed in lim
ited quantities at cost (say 6 cools per
pound), but presume that iu almost ali
neighborhoods a good deal of seed can be
procured at a moderate cost.
5. Extent of the demand. I expect
that we will be able to use, within the year
about one thousand tous of the stalks at
our mills The better way would be for
planters to make contracts with os to fur
nish a given quantity, or the product of so
many acres, and we agree to purchase all
at a given price. That wou’d make the
cultivation safe for them, and we would he
able to judge in advance somi thing of the
quantity we would bo likely to have.
Very respectfully,
W. G. and LARK.
W hat Kind of Y\ 00l Shall we Grow ?
There are so many contingencies depend
ing upon a proper solution of the problem
that it is impossible to give a categorical
answer. Over a country embracing such
a variety of soil and climate as does ou--
own, and each given locality governed by
peculiar circumstances, not applicable to
the other, render an answer at once difii
cult, and the discussion of the subject one
of national significance.
Let us take a general survey of the
country, with a view of forming some idea
of its adaptability to that branch of farm
ing known as sheep husbandry. On the
very threshold it startles one with the mac
nitude of the effopt. For there is little of
the surface where sheep may not be bred
protitibly, and upon vast surfaces tho
natural hubiiat for every known species
may be easily attained. Tho exquisitely
fine and tender Saxony, the only-a-thougli't
less fino opanish merino, the broad-backed
Cotswold or the compact and smaller South
down, and all the mongrel grades between
these points of coarse and fine of a mutton
sheep and a fine wool-bearing animal, each
and all can find herbage congenial to tllt'ir
habits and necessary to the full develop
ment of their forms or their fleeces.
1. hat but a small portion of our vast re
sources in this regard are at present made
available, we gather from a few facts made
appaient by comparing the number of
sheep in the United States with those of
Great Britain. In England- proper, with
Wales, they average one sheep to every
acre of enclosed land in farms, in the
United Spates, we average one to six and
six-tenths of an acre, or six and a half
acres to one sheep. It is evident, there,
fore, that sheep-husbandry is only in >
infancy in this country, We have one
hundred and sixty-five millions wf g Bres
enclosed, and iu farms, with quite. *s hroad
an area of unenclosed lauds atiac-b e d to
firms, which could more than B'apport
every one of the supposed twenty-five mil-
lions which we now possess. If, then we
increased our sheep bat by or,e to every
three acres, or two where we have one now
Uncle fcamuel would have nearly sixty
millions of sheep in his field, and produc
the very respectable annual crop of one
hundred and eighty million pounds of
washed wool, worth say 30 cents per pound
As one fourth of the flesh oau be sold to
the butcher annually, it gives food lor ui
ward of twelve and a half millions, which
at the average weight of carcass of for
ty pounds of meet, would give upward of
two hundred and sixty million pounds of
very nourishing and cheap animal food.
But this is only a very partial view of the
question. It is tt e possible, not the
probable. It is no idle dream to suppose
that tho agencies now beginning to work
will in the next fifty years quadruple the
flocks of the day, and they will number
fully one hundred millions, and cur home
supply of wool can be furnished so cheaply
that our manufactories will compote suc
cessfully in the markets of the world for
their supply,
As yet, wool growing has not been
proseouted upon any generally br ad and
comprehensive plan, and. pmaps, we
were not such a homogeneous people’ that
it wore possible. But the time has come
now when tho exigencies of tho country
wiil warrant the adoption of a system in
regard to this important branch of agri
cultural industry.
We find, in the beginning of di-ousAon
the question naturally divided in A tw „
branches, fine wool and coarse Wjol.
In the profitable production of fino
wool, the carcass becomes of secondary
importance, while, in that of coarse wool,
the ffeeoe is only secondary, though in
each the profit of tho whole is materially
enhanced by the fact that (he secondary
can have a market value, which will add to
the gross profit ol the business.
Fine wool can only be grown profitably
when there is a wide range of cheap lands
ami when tho rigors of the climate do not
compel expensive preparations for forage
; and shelter. As these requirements arc
I ou| y found upon mountainous or sparsely
populated tracks ofjand, not easy acces
sible by routes of commercial traffic, the
sheep can only be used for its wool, and
i “euCS early maturity is a disadvantage for
the carcass cannot be carried to a market
• and has, therefore, no market value. ’
other baud, the coarse wooicJ 5
breed flourish host when the lands are in a
higher state of cultivation, and population
so dense, that it is unprofitable to keep
large tracts of larui waste,or only fir sheep
walks. The coarse wooled sheep usually
accompany denss population, and itHres'jft
high farming. The wants of population
increase the ueniand for the ini.Her ani
mals for human food. Tt profusion of
cattle has not kept pace mo' 1 : poprfiatiou.
tt is in the remembrance ot n,»sy. M o ubt
not, who read this article v;l h q ie SU pj,) y
of cattle was drawn aisiost exclusively
from Western New York, t'.en Pennsyl
vania and Ohio, thou from Indiana and
Illinois, while kis known now that the
bulk of our supplies Gome from beyond
the Mississippi River. Ui.imntely, oer
supply must come from the South and.
Southwest
TO measure a bin.
I For the number of “even” bushels Tual
| tiply the number of cubic feet in the bin
bymght, and point off one decimal; for
heap bushels by eight twice, and point
oft two figures.
Example—A wagoo-bed or bin 8 feet
f. *® et wide ami 2 feet deep, contains
48 cubic feet, wb'eh multiped by 8 make -
384 even bushels, such as shelled corn,
etc.; or, multiplied again by 8, pointing off
two figures, it gives 30.72 heapa-u bushels
such as corn, potatoes, etc.
. Again ; To find the number of bushels
*° • “ l P> multiply the length, breadth and
depth in inches together, and divide Lv
2.150.42, and *t will give the number of
bushels, struck measure.
To Measure Corn in the Crib.—Find
the cubic meoes. : b>v« , , r . ( ] divWe l, r
Z x iiib (cubic melius r •
and take tv?(-triirds for helled eoru : this
on the rule ot three heaped bushels of ears
to a bushel of j^rain.
A correct ’ farmer gives this :
Having lcvc-lled the corn in the crib,
measure ttie length, breadth and depth,,
and multiply them together aoJ deduct
from the product one-fifth, and -you have
the number of bushels in the ear; for shelt
ed corn take one-half. ’ln be strictly cot
rect, add a half bq-lael to everyone hun
dred.
Corn approximately, one hundred ears
to a feu-Aoi.
Nature’s composts. —Cheap r.atuial
fertilizers abound upon every old plan
tation; it lies massed up and well
rotted in many fence corners; it lines
the branches that cut up your plantations,
about old hedge-rows, djiehes. around and
under your dwellings, your cabins, smoke
houses—in fact, lying loose ail around us,
and only awaiting the coming or the shovel.
If deposits about fences grow briars from
Re to seven foet high (which is a rank
growth for the briar family), they contain
a large amount ol fertilizing properties.
Nature’s indications of a fertile soil are
unerring aDd never deceive, and he who
has the wit to follow her laws upon the
subject will he amply reuuraerated.