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euvonicU & J>*ntiucU
M KI)MISHAV MORNING MAY 12.
The Georgia Funds In the Fourth Na
tional Rank.
The Atlanta Era of Tuesday contains a
lon* long letter from Dr. Angier, Treasur.
er of the State, to the President of the
Fourth National Bank of New York, in
relation to the State deposits in that in
stitution, an J the reply of the Bank.
As the greater portion of Dr. Angier’s
letter is made up of extracts from the
Coda of the State, defining the respective
powers of the Executive and Treasurer over
the funds of the State, we omit them and
give only that portion of his letter which
has direct reference to their transactions
with the Bank.
We shall wait, with some anxiety, the
promised “account current” which the
Bank agrees to make up to the Ist of May,
and shall be greatly mistaken if it does
not show that the Express Agent has
drawn largely over the $55,000 which Dr.
Angier refers to. Indeed our surprise
will only exceed our gratification if the
account current does not show that a very
large portion of the State funds in the
Bank have been used by his Expresselency
for his own political and personal pur
poses :
The amount of the $55,000 drawn by
Governor Bullock from your Bank and
disbursed by him, or upon his drafts, and
consequently never having reached the
hands of the State Treasurer, there is no
record or receipts for it on the Treasurer’s
or Comptroller General's Books, while the
law requires that all State moneys received
or dulmrserl shall be entered on their
books, one being a check upon the other.
This transaction you have allowed Gov
Bullock to make is not only in violation of
a reasonable construction of law, but in
violation of all former custom. Georgia
had heavy deposits in New York during
Gov. Brown and Gov. Jenkins’ adminis
trations, still neither of these Governors
ever drew the first draft upon them but
when they needed funds under appropria
tion* to be disbursed by them, they applied
to their Treasurer for a draft on the de
posits and drew an Executive arrant to
cover the amouni on the proper fund. This
is the only way to avoid confusion and
keep the treasurer's accounts as th s law
directs. In our last interview you were of
the impression that I had given no intima
tion or instructions not to advance any
funds except to the Treasurer or on ac
count of tne public debt In my letter of
January 21,1809, to A. Lane, your Assist
not Cashier, you will find this statement.
Being lesponsible tor the finances of the
State, it ts desired no money shall be ad
vanced only what comes direct, to the
Treasury. Besides this, 1 sent you the
correspondence between Gov. Bullock and
myself on this subject —the report of Ma
jority and Minority Committee, also the
action of the House, all concurring that
Gov Bu lock drawing and using the money
in the manner he did was illegal I hope
in future we shall have a mutual under
standing and perfect harmony.
Phase give me a full statement of ac
count, current up to Ist of May next and
acknowledge receipt of this.
Most respectfully, yours,
*N. L. Angier, Treasurer.
1 COPY. ]
Fourth National Bank, )
of Tilt; City of New York, >
New York, April 28, 1869. ]
Hon. ,V. L. Angier, Treasurer oj Ike State
of Georgia, Atlanta :
Dear Sir—-I have yours of the 20th
inst., with extracts from the laws of the
Stato in reference to the Treasury Depart
ment, and your remarks thereon, which
wo shall regard as instructions for our
guidance in conducting the business of the
State.
On the first day of May will forward you
an account current of the State account as
requested.
To avoid conlusion, and give notice to
Governor Bullock of the position we arc
required to take, I see no impropriety in
furnishing him with a copy of your letter
and extracts, that the matter may be
thoroughly understood on all sides.
Trusting that we shall be able to per
lorm the duties of financial agents of your
State to your eutiro satisfaction,
I remain, yours respectfully,
P. C. Calhoun, President
Forney’s Lies.
Forney is now on a lying tour through
the South. Tbo Washington correspond
ent of the Baltimore Gazette is after him.
He states that Forney, in a letter from
Richmond, says that the Southern people
will not trail a with Northern merchants,
hut prefer to deal with those native to tho
soil. He also wurns emigrants from the
North that they must expect to he ostra
eised socially uutil the Radical reconstruc
tion schemes are fully carried out What
does Mr. Medill, of the Chicago Tribune,
who has beon making an extended tour
in the South, say on these points ? Ho
says, in a recent letter ;
“Whatever their feelings may have
heretofore been, the native population now
proclaim the strongest desire for Northern
immigration. The call for Northern labor,
skill and capital is loud and apparently
sincehe. They deny t hat Northern ladies
will be treated with disrespect or neglect,
or in any way made uncomfortable or un
happy, or that Northern men will be pro
scribed or ostracised. Come with trunks
instead of carpet-bags, and we will give
you a cordial welcome,’ is what l hear
wherever 1 go; and l really think they are
sineoro, more or less, in these declarations;
for they see and admit that reconstruction
is, and must be, adjusted upon the terms
which the North i roposes, and there is
nothing left but to acquiesce in the iu
evitable, and reconcile themselves to the
new order of things.”
Politically. Mr. Medill is a Radical of
the deepest dye, but he is evidently not
above toiling the truth.
The Negro Suffrage Constitutional
Amendment.
The General Assembly of Ohio havo re
jected the Fifteenth (or negro suffrage)
Constitutional Amendment. It requires
the non concurrence of ten States to tie
feat this proposed measure. The follow
ing have, we believe, already rejected it :
Ohio, Kentucky. Delaware, New Jersey,
Maryland, Oregon.
The States we are about to givo have
not, and we do not believe will, ratify it;
Goorgia. California, Indiana, Texas, Vir
ginia and Mississippi
If these States hold out, ’he Amend
mont is beaten, with two votes to spare.
Our friends in the Southern States, who
are yet denied admission into the Union
by Radical violence, should under no cir
cumstances consent, even under duress,'
I' it They cannot long be denied their
rights, and they had better temporarily
endure the evils of military tyranny than
consent to disgrace themselves and put a
foul blotch in the Constitution o. the
United States.— Cincinnati Enquirer.
The Enquirer should have stated that
Georgia had already rejected the negro
suffrage amendment, for which the people
are indebted to the easting vote of the
Radiea! President of the State Senate—
Benj. Conley.
General. Lee s Visit to President
Grant.— I The Baltimore Sun has a spe
cial dispatch from Washington about Gen
eral Lee's visit to President Grant, which
states that a gentleman who called
upon General Lee to-day,; made some
inquiries of him respecting his interview
with General Grant, which took place at
the Executive mansion yesterday, and it
appears that the President had solicited
the visit for the purpose of talking over
Virginia affairs and the South in general.
In the matter of submitting the eonstitu
ti n to a vote of the people, he (General
Lee) thought that separate votes should
be taken on the disfranchising clause and
on several clauses relating to questions of
local nature, in which the various counties
are largely interested. He was also of the
opinion that it was of the utmost import
ance that the several States should be
brought into practical relations with the
Federal Government at once, in order to
secure representation in both branches of
Congress, and when that was accomplished
he was sure all other questions would
readily adjust themselves. He said he had
informed the President that he did . not
look upon the adoption of the fifteenth
amendment with such fearful forebodings
as had been done by leading men of the
North and South. He said the interview
was an exceedingly pleasant one, and that
tho ■ resident assured him he would always
Leg.ad to see him.
The schooner Ella IP I\tnntU, of Ma
chias. Maine, while in British waters, off
the great Bahama Island, on the Ist lost ,
was fired at and brought to by a Spanish
war vessel, and her papers and cargo ex
amined. Finding the' PunneJ had nothing -
contraband aboard, the Spaniards permit
ted her to proceed on her voyage without
ftmher molestation.
New England Civilization.
We hear and see in the papers a great ,
deal about the prosperity of the laboring j
classes of New England, and of New Eng
land progress in the march *f intelligence, |
civilization and material development.
Every now and then, however, comes up a
wail from the starved and suffering poor
white slaves of that Puritan section which
belies the vaunted contentment and happi
ness of the laboring classes. a3 presented .
from Puritan pulpits, rostrum?, presses
and the mouths of strong minded women,
and stronger scented advocates of social
and political equality. Poor and crushed
as the South is to-day, with all her misfor
tunes and her sufferings, superinduced by
New Eogiand rapacity and vindictiveness,
there is not within her borders, among
any class of her people, such squalid pov
erty and utter destitution and depravity as
prevails among the poor of Massachusetts.
The story of manufacturing New England
is but a record of appalling statements
showing a fearful condition of suffering
which equals in misery anything we have
ever heard of. We see that a public meet
ing was held recently in Boston, to devise
means to better the condition of the work
irgwomen of that city. We quote the
fo'lowing from the report of the proceed
ings to the New York Herald :
“A Mrs. Houghton said she had been ,
informed by many sewiegwomen that they
did not support themselves by their work. ■
These women took shirts to make at fifty
cents a dozen. ‘What!’ cried the 1 'resi
dent, excitedly, IWhat!’ What! Fifty i
cents a dozen ! Do you know women thr.it
take shirts to make for fifty cents a dozen?
“M rs. Houghton, very decidedly—‘l do. !
sir, and shirts at four cent.-, a piece, it is
from stores on Milk street that the shirts
at fifty cents a dozen were got. 1 know
several women who prefer to go out to
wa-ih to sewing at these rates. They pre
for to wash and clean houses at twelve and
a half cents an hour.’ Mrs. Daniels
mentioned the caee of a girl who worked
from seven o'clock in the morning to half
past six o'clock at night for four dollars a
week, and had to pay it all out for board. ,
Mhe said; ‘I know a soldier’s widow with
el won children who has been last Winter
on the verge of starvation. In Stoughton,
a short time since, I found soldiers’ widows
who were in the same condition. Even in
Wa-hington the same is the case. Gent'e
io n ask me why do not these women go
West and take up land? You might al
most as well ask why they do not go to the
moon; with scarcely a penny, or even
i-l ithing -uffieieut to keep them warm, it
i- utterly impossible. They cannot go out
of the city without aid.”
“Dr. Dio Lewis, the well-known lecturer
and writer on physical culture, said : I get
my clothes made at an establishment on
Washington street, considered one of the
b",-t t liloririg shops in the city. I was a
'racted there by the belief that they treat
ed their sewing girls unusually well. One
and 'V, in conversation with the gentleman
who has immediate charge of the 130 or
140 girls there, I asked; Ts this hard
work tor the girls?’ ‘Yes, it is hard work.’
‘Weil, what do you pay them?’ ‘Oh, we
nay them $4 and $5 a week, and there is a
girl who earns $8 a week.’ ‘Does she
work hard?’ ‘Yes. she is a staver to
work.’ I said, ‘This is a warm, close
place: how long do these girls last?’
‘Well.’ he said,‘if they run a sewing
machine they last from one and a half to
twi years, though some few stand it longer.
Tii-i? backs give out, their spines give
»•. :iy. It. is that ugly motion of the foot
that spoils the spine. I wonder that some
one has not devised a sewing machine that
will allow the operator to put the foot
backward and forward, as in walking?’
‘Weil,’ I said, ‘when th' y give out at that
you put them at something else?’ ‘No,
when they give out they are pretty well
spoil'd.’ ”
■The Cincinnati Enquirer, commenting
on the above, observes :
“That is an appalling statement, and
yet, terrible as it is, it is more so than the
report of the male manufacturing popula
tion of Netj England made by Gen. H. K.
Oliver, the other day, to the Legislature
of Massachusetts. .He says that certain
parties are called the great manufacturers
of New England, and ‘have been engaged
as such for several generations; yet the
man or the family that has been in their
employ and come out' of it with more thau
enough for a decent interment is yet to be
found.’ Gen. Oliver further says: ‘A
I bile ? rowd of workers, the oppression
ot 1. » wages, inevitable poverty and a
disguised serfdom, a rich master, a poor
servant and a mean population; such is the
story of manufac'uring in Old England,
and such is the story of manufacturing iu
New England ’ ”
“ Making shirts for fifty cents a dozen
earnings 4l to a wools. lu-ctitig from one
and a half to two years, when their backs
give out and their spines give way, after
which they are pretty well spoiled and unfit
for work—such are the sewing-girls. Those
who spend their lives in the manufactories
while living, suffer the oppression of low
wages, inevitable poverty, a disguised serf
dom, and le .ve with not more than enough
for a decent interment. Such is the sad
picture presented of the workingmen and
workingwomen in manufacturing establish
ments of New England.
“And it is noticeable that the rich are
growing richer and the t oor poorer, year
ly. A. disguised serfdom is created from
which the slaves are unable to escape, on
account of their poverty. Like Victor
Hugo’s devil fish, that never releases its
hold on its victim until all the flesh is
lucked from its bor.es and nothing of it
lelt but the bare skeleton, so these rich
New England manufacturers and capital
ists never let a man or family free of their
grasp until the grave is ready to receive
their worn-out frames. ‘A rich master, a
poor .servant and q. mean population !’
Sliich, says General Oliver, is the story of
manufacturing in New England.”
Macon A Augusta Railroad.
We regret to learn that the report which
we published some few weeks since iu rela
tion to the negotiations for an early com
pletion of this road has not beon realized.
Our information at the time was of such
a character that we felt satisfied of its
truthfulness predicated upon an inspection
of a telegram to interested parties The
parties who it was said had stepped for
ward in aid of the road were themselves »o
directly interested in its completion and
withal so able to raise the funds necessary
to accomplish that result that we felt quite
confident the road would be pushed to
completion at an early day.
Our information was to this effect—tho
bonds of tha Macon & Augusta road were
i to'be endorsed by tha Georgia and- the
; South Carolina Railroad Companies and
negotiated iu New York for a sum suffi
cient to complete the road from Milledgc
! ville,its present western terminus, to Macon.
If these two litter Companies would en
i dorse the bonds now, we are informed the
money can l>9 raised on them in a few
l days to finish the road. We are unable to
perceive any good reason why such an
endorsement should not be made. The
road is already completed to Milledgeviile,
a distance of about fifty miles, acd in c-x
--cellenfcoodition. A large portion of the
grading has beon done between Milledge
ville and Macon—the entire distance be
tween those points being only about
3u miles, twelve of whie'n are
graded. When completed, it is the
opinion of the best railroad men in the
South that it will pay hands mio dividends.
At any rate, the road would bring at any
time, if exposed for sale, a sum much
larger than the amount now required to
finish it. The risk, therefore,which would
lie taken by an endorsement of its bonds
would be slight, while the benefits to be de
riv A from such endorsement would be im
mediate aod important.
There is a painful rumor oa the streets
to the effect that Mr. Wally is negotiating
with Judge King to prevent the comple
tion of the road. It is said that Mr. Wadly
wiil aid the Georgia Road in construct
ing t io line from Athens to Rabun Gap,
provided the latter road wi 1 not aid or
-i-sis. the further prosecution of the Macon
A Augusta Road, and the Central Road
refrain from building the road from
Eatonton to Madison. How much, if
there is any truth ip this rumor, we are
not prepared to say. We know that it is
freely talked about, and that very general
ly when there is so much smoke there must
be some. fire also.
But. independent of the aid of the Geor
gia and of the South Carolina Roads, this
great and important work could and would
be completed by individual effort and
means, if the public had the least confi
dence in its Piesident and Directory. The
President, and we believe four of the Di
rectors. of the road were put in office mere
ly because they were scalawags, neither of j
them owning a Single dollar of the stock of
■the company. By the charter of the com
pany none but bona fide stockholders can toe
Directors. We believe that Conley. Biod
gett A Cos. were elected on the ground that,
being members of the City Council of Au
gusta by military appointment, they could
represent the stock jof the City. These
men are no longer members of Counci', |
ue.ther do they represent, in any respect,
the sentiments or feelings of the people of '
this city. But so long as they remain in j
control of the road thu people wi:l not lend |
their aid for its completion. They do not;
possess the confidence of any one. It is j
generally believed that it moneys were ■
placed in their hands they would not bo i
judiciously, if honestly. invested. Indeed,
(his want of confidence is so strong as to
prevent stockholders from paying up the
installments due on their stock.
Iho Attorney of the road has, within a
: few days since, given public notice that
unless the amount of stock called in is not
promptly paid he will press their collection
; by suit. From our knowledge of th; list of
stockholders suoh threats would be unneces
sary if aoy assurance could b. giventoshare
holders that their duos would be applied
to the legitimate purposes of the road. .As
! the matter now stinds, as anxious as we
are for the completion of the road, we
would advise our friends not to pay anoth
er dollar on their stock until a legal and
! competent board.of directors are chosen to
I manage the Company,
j As we have said, we do not believe that
the present organiz tion is a lega' one, and
we are quite sure that it is an inefficient
and incompetent one. We might say more
but it is not necessary.
In the meantime we invite the attention j
of the stockholders to the subject of a
chang; in the President and Directors of ;
the road. This change can be effected,and :
if done soon, wiil go far toward restoring j
confidence in the enterprise, and, we be ;
lieve, wiil secure its very early completion, i
bince the above was put in type, we are j
pleased to learn that the City Council, at J
its meeting last night, passed a resolution j
directing the Mayor to take stops to secure
an early meeting of the stockholders in or
der to secure a change in the management
of the read, and to devise means for its
early completion. This is a capita! and
well-timed movement, and if the other
parties interested in the completion of the
road will promptly re-pond to this action of ,
our City Council, we may hope to have the j
road finished in time for the Fail trade. ;
The Virginia Railroad Mar.
General Muhone, President of the con. ,
solidated railroad lines reaching from Nor- j
folk to Bristol, East Tennessee, heads a
combination, the object of which is to j
make Norfolk the port for Southwestern j
trade. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
ompany control the Orange and Alex
andria Railroad, and have fair prospects
for the control of the East Teunessee and
Virginia Road, with the design of cutting
off General Mahone’s Western cooue'c
tion.-, an 1 thereby diverting tho traffic to
Baltimore. It is said General Lie favors
the latter project, and that this interest
occasioned his late visit to Baltimore.
What Is to I) * Done with the Federal Con
stitution ?
Washington County, May 4.
Dear Chronicle.: L have no longer any
use lor my copy of the “Constitution of
the United States;” will you please tell
me what to do with it ? Perhaps I had
' better send it hick to Washington, whence
it emanated—that’s where ad the “dead
letters” go, isn’t it?
Yours, truly,
Vox I’OPULI.
Answer —We don’t think Postmaster
Creswolt would receive it unless recon
structed and done up brown. It was the
production of “Rebels.” We suggest to
send it to the British Museum, to be placed
among Egyptian mummies.
LETTE R FROM MILLEDGEViLLE.
The Opera House Fraud—Macon Road
—« Crops, etc.
Milledgkville, Ga., May 4, 1869.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel :
A word or two, if it bo your pleasure,
from honest old Milledgeviile. “We still
live.” Our aneient little city has survived
the tremendous shock to her system oc
casioned by tho rude removal of the right
arm of her prosperity. But we were more
scared than hurt. I look around often,
and ask myself the questions, What have
we lost? and where are the visible signs of
decay which promised to follow the removal
of the Capital from our midst ? There are
no vacant store rooms on any of our busi
ness streets, and every private residence
inside the corporate limits is occupied.
Our merchants are doing a safe and profita
ble business—better, by far, than they did
in days of yore when we were wont to have
the assembled wisdom of Georgia bienni
ally irj our midst. The present trade and
the lightwood splinter line of jacks and
jennies has suffered severely, and our
agreeable and popular friends (Bob and
Sam) McCouib, have less company at their
commodious hotel than in ante-bellum
days, but aside from these exceptional
eases. I cannot see any diminution of the
prosperity and liveliness of the place.
We have not given up the Capital yet;
and while there is a shot in the locker we
intend to fire it at the authors of that
monstrous fraud imposed on the people,
and particularly our own, by Bullock and
his carpet-hag regency. We are stripping
for the tight, and I assure you when the
next election lor members of the Legisla
ture takes (Tree in Georgia, we will have
I given the I'oemea some idea of the energy
and determination which an outraged
; people can display in a just cause. We
need not the ever present, beautiful aud
tasteful public buildings—silent but mourn
ful monument! of popular reproach—to
lire our souls and nerve gut arms for the
conflict. No 1 w feel, in common with
nine-tenths of the white men of Georgia,
that the Capital was stolen from us, and
never can Georgians hold up their heads
j like brave and honest men do, until the
monstrousfnjud has been wiped out, and
1 the stolen property reclaimed. It is not
only Milledgeviile that suffers —all Geor
gia Gels, keenly feels, the deep damnation
of this taking off, and waits impatiently
the opportunity to erase the stain from her
i goodjold pame.
We are getting a little impatient waiting
for the beginning w work on the unfinish
ed line of the Macon A Augusta Railroad.
We hear, almost daily, that the wort is
soon to cmtmence. It is the current opin
ion that operations will begin by the first
of July and that the Road will progress
far enough by December to afford the
i planters of Jones county an opportunity to
uiak tho acquaintance of your <misu)issioo
nierehanta and cotton factors. The Gear
gia Railroad Convention; which a-semble?
iu you.- eity on the 11th inst.. will not, I
presume, touch the subject of this Rail
road, only incidentally. Our people are
very anxious to see the Road built to Ma
con, it matters not by whom, but they
tnuc'.i prefer that the Macon & Augusta
.Railroad should be an independent com
pany.. unenlaogled, unfettered. And they
sincerely trust that the Georgia Railroad <f-
Bankieg Company will interpose no ob*
st icles to the progress of the Road to
speedy completion and ultimate success.
Our farmers are very busy. Those I
have met in tho last few days are not over
I joyful at the prospect The late very heavy
rains, followed as they were by high winds
and cool night? has made King cotton
very sick, and the faces of the planters
very long. We trust that many of them
will put in corn where the cotton has been
seriously injured, and thus save their ba
con next \Y iuur. Judging by the quantity
of corn and hay sold in this market every
week to the planters, I am of the opinion
that or., third of them will have as little
corn and forage in their barns next January
as they have now. I hope oth. r counties
are doing better than Baldwin iu this re
spect. Wheat is looking well, and
; promises a good yield, if no unfavorable
| t urn takes place- Cora is small, and looks
spindling. We havo plenty of' peaches
, and apple? in oar orchards, and a better
prospect than usual for a bountiful cherry
crop.
I see that your fire companies have
been having high old old times in Charles
ton and Atlanta. We have a young com
pany here, owning a fine engine, formerly
ths property of an Augusta com pane.
The company is composed of fine material;
and if. by hook or crook, they could get
| together with one or more of your spirited
companies, I think the contagion would
j put new life and vigor in them. So mote
|it be! Your paper is much read by the
people of Milledgeviile. It reaches us the
day of publication, about 5 P. M., some
four hours in advance of the Macon pa
pers. Yours, J.
Crops In Hart County.
PLENTY TO EAT AND INDEPENDENCE IN
OPINION.
Dear Chronicle: Our farmers are abont
through planting the first time. Some
1 corn has come up and looks fine. Some
low, wet bottoms will have to be planted
; over again. A deal of foreign fertilizers
have been brought into the century to j
make up for elbow grease, to make cotton
king again, but we have always grown l
more ootton than wa could pick out before
Christmas when we had control of labor,
and it remains to be seen what we can do
now when our labor is fickle.
lam glad to say, however, that our
farmers have planted a good breadth of
land in corn, and that with propitious
seasons there will be made more corn than
will be needed in this county. The late
frosts have turned our planters to raising
plenty of provision?, and they owe nothing
to commission merchants for advances.
The late frosts have killed our
fruit. We have no fruit. We shall feel
this loss greatly. Wheat, however, in fresh
land look? finely. It is backward, but still
looks proiiisinsr. I have seen cone in the
j head. It wi 1 therefore depend entirely on •
j the season from now out, as to the yield.
Nevertheless the prospect is fair, although
i in 62 it was more forward, and gave bet
; ter promise than now, and we made bat
; little. But you must not think that we
: are threatened with a famine. We shall
make enough wheat tojdo us, and we have
| a good sweet potatoe c:op and a good
I Dish potatoe crop planted, which looks
fine, and our gardens are all that we de
■ sire. Y\ e are bound to live on but lit
! tie, whether ws are in .the Union
|or out of it. One thing is certain, we will
have enough to live upon, whether Grant
' is President and appoints negroes to office,
;or Bullock steals all in the Treasury. We
; have and wiil have meal and meat and
plenty of “garden sa?s,” and with milk,
butter and chickens and eggs, with
plemy of long collards acd cow peas
and butter beans, we will live and have
our own opinions. The Chronicle <£■
Sentinel iutima’es that we are to have
an Emperor. Well, we don’t think that
one Emperor will beany worse than a Ring,
and we ate very sure that, beyond the
mails, it will make very little difference to
u°, for that is about all we know of the
United States Government, and all we ex
pect to know, for it is the general belief
that the Radicals control the (government,
and only look for us to pay the taxes,and we
doubt very muc >if ever we get into the
Union again so long as Sumner runs the
machine called Unc-le Sam's Government.
The Itads fix up the government outside of
the Constitution. We, therefore, have no
law to guide us; and they and the nigs
run the State. Well let theta run the race.
We are enjoying fine health up here.
We’re are poor and have to work hard,but
then hard work is a great advantage to
health and a good school for bitter times.
W. L O. C.
Letter from Oglethorpe County.
FROST, CROPS AND FEELINGS OF THE PEO
PLE.
Crawford, Oglethorpe, Cos., 1
May 4th, 1869. J
Dear Chronicle: We had not much
frost, but an exceedingly cold and windy
night on Sunday night last. Some of our
neighbors affirm that there was frost enough
to kilt potatoes. I only notice that they
were severely bit, aud that tomatoes and
like tender plants were so severely nipt as
to be beyond recovery,l fear. The corn also
showed marked signs of severe weather,
and king cotton has suffered very severely;
so severely, as in many cases to demand
replanting. One of my neighbors has
come to tbe conclusion that all of his cot
ton will die, and accordingly ha3 made ar?
rangements for the purchase of new seed.
Our planters have all purchased freely ol
fertilizers and I regret to say that many,
with money in their pockets, have pre
pared to give acceptances on their factors,
for their necessaries and manures. The
truth is, that most of us begin to believe
that we are neyer again to be reconstructed
and that it is best to lay away a little for a
rainy day, in that which doth not corrupt
or go like Confederate promises. We are
all disappointed in Grant. We thoueht
him a soldier. We know that heknew full
well that if he would only display half the
magnanimity of his nature follow
up that which he shewed under the
Apnomattox apple tree—that he could in
vite a half a million of men whose nerves
would never quail, although a'minie ball
I whistled by the ear when sighting a Spen
! car rifle, to his own veterans,ard this would
| make him invincible against ail windwork
Radicals
We have a good breadth of corn in the
ground, and, come what will, will be able
to live and hold our own, although Bul
lock should take all in the .Treasury, aud
j leave Angier to scud under bare poles.
J. P. B.
OUU TRAVELLING CORRESPONDENCE.
On tiie Wing, May 3,1869.
Editors Chronicle <& Sentinel ■
| On Monday, the 26th of April, I ar
j rived at Social Circl •, and learned definite
ly that tho Jasper Court was iu session,
and determined to go to it. 1 applied to
friend Echols, proprietor of the livery
Stable, and he furnished me with a convey
anceoa as liberal termsas could be desired.
Elis charges are more reasonable than any
Ikn iw o l ’, in his line of business, and I
would advise Northern drummers, and all
otters who wish to visit Monticello, to give
him a call.
Twenty eight miles to go, must make an
early start. The morning was calm and
bright, a few clouds hanging like roses
blooming in the Heavens —everything to
inspire admiration for the scenery of the
way, which was perfectly charming. Wheat
fields like vast sheets of green, spread on
either hand, fresh, luxuriant, and promising
an abundant harvest. Corn up and grow
ing off finely, good stands of cotton, all in
good order and farmers in fine spirits.
I reached Monticello late in the after
noon and found the Court in session and
Judge Robinson presiding. I seated my
self with the body, and soon the sheriff
came and took me by the arm, whether as
an arrest or not, I coaid not tell, but all
doubts and fears were dissipated when
we entered the bar, where I was furnished
• with a comfortable chair, with the intima
tion to feel perfectly easy and at home, for
which I am under obligations to his Honor
Judge Robinson. Tne civil docket was
pretty well disposed of before I left, and a
ease of homicide was undergoing investi
gation. As matter of importance to the
public I give some extracts from the pre
sentments of the Grand Jury, expressions
from twelve of the intelligent and respon
sible citizens of the county.
They congratulated their fellow-citizens'
on the improved state of society and the
consequent diminution of disorder and es
tablishing thereby the gratifying fact that
the people were steadily engaged in their
several pursuits and desirous of aceom
! roodating themselves to the now existing
| st ate of affairs and giving every demoustra-
I tion of utfer falsity to reports comwuni
| cated to high places, that security to life
and property was not yet well established
j and due protection of right nor equally
1 measured out to all classes. Conscious of
' the rectitude of their motives, in the ful
filment of their several duties as citizens,
j they worn ! pass over in silence false re
j ports, but as they very made the grounds
; of interfering in the affairs of their State
| institutions by those that claim the ex
| ereise ot that power, who, however,
, neither understood the actual condition and
! state of the people, nor seemed willin ; to
! become acquainted with them, they deemed
; it right and proper to disavow ail per
nicious intentions and designs whereby
I the rights of one class of the population
; might be brought in jeopardy or the even
1 course of affaire disturbed.
But while such was the condition of one
1 class of the population, they could not give
. an equally gratifying report of the other.
While they acknowledged, with pleasure,
' that many of the freedmen showed un
! mistakabie signs of industry and economy-,
1 that too many, from indisaretiou and mis
! conception ot rig hts and privileges lately
1 acquired, were led to commit outrages on
I each other, thereby disturbing the public
i peace and creating annoyances and loss of
labor to the employer.
| The apparent desire of carrying firearms
when there was no need of, and when
propriety forbade it, open or concealed,
frequency discharged at random in public
thoroughfares and within the precincts of
the town, was a nuisance and a source of
endangering each other’s lives.
They also referred with much satisfaction
to the awakening spirit of improvement in
the several branches of husbandry, ihe
application of fertilizers to the exhausted
sod, the selection of improved farming
utensil-*, the general interest of disseminat
ing and obt lining a correct knowledge of
cultivating tbe soil, and the desire of rais- ‘
ing a maximum crop on land which hither
to was deemed unfit for cultivation, were
sure indications of enterprise and industry
promising success and prosperity. From
all I could learn this exposition of affairs in
the county was generally correct. Every
thing seemed to be onward and upward,
and the people determined to do their
duty.
Judge Robinson andyour correspondent
filled the pulpit consecutively at night to
large and attentive congregations, and hope ,
the moral and religious as well as civil 1
interests of the cammuniiy were all pro- 1
moted.
I shall gratefully'remember the hospi
tality and kindness of my old friends, tbe ;
Rev. M. W. Arnold and Professor A. W. j
Rowland, on whom devolve a large pro
portion of the religious and educational
responsibilities of the surro -nding coun
try. and hope their career of usefulness
and success in tbe future may equal if not 1
be greater than all the past.
Mr. Kelley, the proprietor of the hjtel
in Monticello, is a courteous and polite
gentleman, keeps a good table, comforta
ble rooms, and a house every way worthy
the liberal patronage it receives.
Traveller.
A West Texas millionaire farmer ha*
fhnoed in a pasture of 130,000 acres,
FROM WASHINGTON.
Sped l l Corretponfnce of the Baltimore (rxzctte
Office Hunters Running Through the
Gamut—Mr. Snow's Pacific Railroad
Report The [Chronicle's Insinuations —
A Reminixceise —-4 Headstrong Piesi
dent—t’onovet-Ashley—His Letter to
“.Li/ Dear iase' Cuba — Radical
Proscription f the Working Classes —
Pacific Raitoay Commissioners—Ru
mored CabirU Changes.
WashinStoj, May 3, 1869. —It is
amusing t? witness the different tunes
sang by theoffiie-seekers at their advent,
sojourn and »xit from the National Metro
polls. Whn they arrive they are brim
ful! of the viest abuse of the "traitors,”
“Rebels” aM “Secessionist!” of the
South, and werflowing with enconiums
upon the rich, Ylack blood of the African
race. At th« jart a negro is held to be
little less than an angel, and a Southern
white somewhat worse than a devil —anon,
as the pleasait busine-s of getting “big
places progtesses, these sentiments are
gradually midified— and finally, when
about to depart, “dejected and forlorn,”
the change of the key note is wonderful.
I accidentally jncountered a herse-ear load
of such gentry this morning, on their way
to the depo, “for hum." Every man of
them profiled to have “seen the ele
phant,” anl to have become thoroughly
“sathtied.” They and and Grant, his
Cabinet and Congress in a lump, and with
out stint; and as for the negro race, bodily
and individiaily, I will not trust myself to
repeat their invective i. One of the party,
in addition, iwore he had been much de
ceived as to t\e Southern people, by lying
pcliticiaas aid lying newspapers, aud his
comrades sigdfieantly acquiesced! What
a set of'miserible, selfish knaves 1
The town i at this moment intensely j
agitated oven recent report of Chauacey
H. Snow, Eq., upon the condition of the
Union Pacific Railroad. Mr. Snow was
appointed by the late President, about
three months igo, toexamiue its construc
tion. He is a practical engineer. In
these days, it is impossible for any man to
expose corruption or knavery without be
ing charge! with an ulterior motive of
“black mailing," or something of the sort.
The interest touched to the expose of Mr.
Snow is, therjore, confined exclusively to
the mooted question of hismo/iteformaking
it. Not a living soul doubts the statement
of facts contained in the report Every one
is fully aware that the Government has
been villainously swindled, and that the
road, in its leagth aud breadth, must be
out a a out rebuilt if intended to be put to
any profitable use. These points are not
at all agitated, tior do the public appear to
deem them of the least consequence.
But it hts been a little more
han darkly hinted that Mr. Snow,
had the management of the road
done so and sc, would have seen through
other spectacles—and in such event that
the “ Credit Molrilier," the “ties,” the
“rails,” the “eurves,”ihe embankments,”
the “excavations,” the rieketty “tressel
work,” and tbe “windmills” and the “roil
ing stock” would have been all right !
Upon what evidence is such abase insinua
tion preaicated ? None at all, if the al
most universal public depravity be except
ed. And who, forsootb, is it that thus
turn up their righteous noses, snuffing
rascality in the very air ? Who but the
immaculate managers of the Chronicle —
the same who pocketed the snug sum of
$3,000 oi the Alaska purchase money for
tbe insertion of three or four editorial ar
ticles penned by the attorney of the Rus
sian Government? But this whole busi
ness comes a day after tho fair. The
e .terprising directors of the Pacific have
already bagged the whole amount of the
subsidies, aud donated land. Verily, it is
an attempt to lock the stable door after
thehorsc has been stolen.
I learn that the new President is be
coming more headstrong hourly. Avery
J energetic effort has boon made to induce
him to withhold Ashley’s commission as
j Governor of Montana, but he steadfastly
! refuses. And wherefore a change of base
| in this regard ? The black character of
this min was known to the President bs
| fore hi? nomination as well (quite) as
! now. Beyond his detestable practices in
connection with our partisan courts here,
j knofcn of all, let’ers written a few years
I ago under his own signature show him to
be especially disqualified for the position
to which he has been appointed. In one
letter to “my dear Case,” he says : “This
is the best office, in my judgment (the
surveyorship of Colorado), in the gift of
the President * * * If you get it, I
| want to unite with you as a full partner in
t land speculations and town lots.” In
I another, he says (he was chairman of
j the Committee o.u Territories): “I will
| know ail the proposed expenditures in the
j territories, and post you in advance,” In
I other letters be reiterates the proposition
| to share with Case in all the land and
j town lot “speculations,” and finally en
| tors into a written agreement. Well may
I the Intelligencer, which has at last let go
ufoji “the Conservative Presi-
I dent, exclaim: “How Hie rfgsident,
knowing this rascally business, and on the
top of other transactions and associations
of Ashley’s not altogether ‘chaste as ice,’
which were or ought to have been known
to him, could give Ashley such an ap
pointment is beyond our comprehension.”
The rumors from this point that the
Government has it in contemplation to
“recognize” the belligerent character of
the Cuban insurrection, are unfounded, if
meant to indicate that it will be done
formally. Gen. Grant, howevei, has said
that the agents of the revolutionists would
be permitted to become purchasers of such
military stores or arms as the United
States may have to dispose of. It is
known also that our neutrality laws wiil
not be rigorously enforced.
!t seems to hi settled that the mechanics
and laborers at the Navy Yard and other
public institutions will be subjected to
party proscription. So much for Radical
love for the working classes. Even the
few conservative printers at the public
printing office here are to be made to feel
th vengeance of party malevolence.
It is said that an appointment as one of
the new commissioners to report on the
Pacific Railroad, was promised to my old
friend Ben. Wade, ol blessed memory, but
that Grant, upon second thought, had de
termined to appoint none but professional
engineers , and consequently grievously
disappointed the old man. With due sub
mission, this excuse will not hold water.
General Hiram Walbridge and Hon. Hor
ace Greeley,! own,are gentlemen of multi
farious avocations, but I never heard of
them as engineers, except in a Pickwickian
sense, while engineering bills and jobs
through Congress.
j Rumors of Cabinet changes are again
; rife. It seems that a reorganization of the
| personnel of the Government is deemed a
party necessity. It is said that many of
the Radical Senators and Members who
remain in Washington express the convic
| tion, privately, that unless the Cabinet is
reconstructed the Republican party will go
1 to piece?, and the next House of Repre
sentatives wiil have a Democratic majority.
[communicated.] •
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel :
As one deeply interested in the MacoD
& Augusta Railroad, I think you for your
notice of the road, which I have just read
in this uinruiug’3 papep. One of the orig
inal subscribers to the stock of the road 1
have always paid up in full the assessments
wVich have been called for until the pre
sent bogus directory were installed in office.
Since the road passed into the hands of
Bullock and Blodget’, I have, refused to
pay another dollar andshaji continue to re
fusesolongas these people control the
corporation. I have read their attorney’s
card threatening suit, without the slightest
fear o»- apprehension. I beg that my as
sociate shareholders will not become fright
ened at this brvtemfulmen of the learned
counsellor. The only safe plan for the
stockholders to adopt, is to refuse any
further payment until this nest of incom
petent officials is ptmoved.
I cordially approve the action of the
City Council in calling a meeting of the
stockholders aod trust that an eaily day
may be fixed for the meeting. We mast
n ?t only take the road out of the hands ot
Bi idgtt: & Cos., but it is quite as important
to snatch it from the frigid embraces of the
o and fossil who now runs (in a horn) the
Georgia Railroad machine. We mast not
only have honest men, but live, energetic
men in charge ofjhe roadif it is to be made
a paying concern tj tha stockholders, of
which I am One,
Augusta, May Bth, 1869.
Two Noticeable Decisions — Dalton,
Ga., May Zd, 1889. —Judge Parrott ad
journed tie Superior Court to-day, on ac
count of his feebla health, for the term.
He rendered one decision that is re
nnrkabSe enough to be noticad. Land in
the hands of a purchaser had been levied
on under execution against a previous vend
er. The purchaser claimed a homestead
and the Judge allowed it. So, that under
this decession, it is immaterial against
whom the debu may be, a man who has
property can claim a homestead in it.
against his own debts and the debts of
everybody else, whether subject to those
debts or not.
The case will probably be taken up. _
He decided one other noticeable point.
A purchaser oi real estate claimed that it
was not subject to the judgment? against a
vender, because such a vender had sold the
land more than four years ago; that the
statute of limitations was not suspended
as to judgments.
The Judge ruled that the runs
as to judgments, and therefore the land
was subject, notwithstanding the four
years had elapsed that barred the lien. —
Correspondence Atlanta Constitution , 4 th.
Prussia is concentrating considerable
forces on the Western frontier, and orders
have been given bidding the men to join
their regiments rtvo months earlier than
usual.
AGRICULTURAL.
Contribui.ons on practical farming are
solicited from our friends throughout the
country.
Shipping Vegetables.
As numbers of our citizens are growing j
and shipping vegetables for Northern mar- !
kete, the following directions.contained in
a circular sent out by Young & McPhail,
of 242 Wahington street, New York, may |
be of service:
Unions. Tomatoes, Sweet and Irish Pota- \
toes, Cucumbers, Peas, Spring or Snap
Beans. 1 Voter and Citron Melons, are
the most desired, and we think all the
above can be profitably shipped to the
market.
The first thing to be observed is in se
lecting your seed, getting those kinds
which are most sturdy and most prolific.
Secondly, to be particular in packing, giv
ing good ventilation.
Onions and potatoes should be fully ma
tured before shipment, for if they are not
fullv matured and packed dry, they will
easily rot. Do not expose them long to
the sun to dry them, but as they become
drv pack them, for the sun will burn them.
Tomatoes should bo pulled just on the
turn to ripen. If they are pulled too green
tuey will rot before they will ripen, and if
pulled ripe, they will rot before they reach
their destination.
Cucumbers, peas and beans should be
ripe, but not enough to be liable to turn
yellow, they being saleable only while hav
ing a green color.
Citron melons should be shipped green,
nearly matured.
Watermelons should be ripe.
Onions, tomatoes, cucumbers, peas and
beans should be shipped in bushel crates,
description of which we herewith submit.
Potatoes should be shipped in barrels
well ventilated. Bore at least three holes,
an inch in diameter, in each stave, and
several in the bottom. Cover with stout
cloth covers, and cooper the barrels tightly.
The yeilow sweet potato is the only
kind that is saleablein New York. They
are produced from the “Jersey slip,”
which can be furnished to all who may
| want them. Cull tho Irish and sweet po
tatoes well before shipment, and the culls
can be shipped, marked “culls.” They
will bring half price. If shipped mixed in
with large potatoes they will injure the
sale of them. Every one will find it ad
vantageous to ship good quality stuif.
Water melons and citron melons can be
shipped in three bushel crates, made the
same as the bushel crate, but much
stronger.
Virginia is the principal point of fruit
and vegetable supply to this uiaiket, ar
riving here as follows: Peas about the Ist
to the 10th of May, bringingjsix to eight
dollars per barrel; beans aoout Ist to lOtb
of June, bringing eight to ten dollars per
barrel; Irish potatoes about 10th to 15th
June, bringing seven to eight dollars per
barrel; tomatoes about July Ist, bringing
live to six dollars per bushel crate; cucum
bers about July 10, bringing ten to twelve
dollars per barrel (cucumbers should be all
good size, about four to six inches long,
cull out all the small ones; onions about
July 10th, bringing seveu to ten dollars
per barrel; water melons about the same
time, bringing forty to sixty dollars a hun
dred; citron melons same time, bringing
five to seven dollars’per barrel. We are of
the opinion that if the above articles could
be received here a month ahead of the
time given, o! good quality and in good
order, they would bring considerable ad
vance over the prices here given.
Dimensions of Bushel Crate.—ln
side measurement length, twenty-one
inches; depth, sixteen inches; width,
eight and one-half inches ; the top and
bottom is a solid plank, about three quar
ters of an inch in thickness; the ends and
middle partition is solid plank, about three
quarters of an inch in thickness ; the sides
are slats about one-half of an inch thick
and one and oue-half inches wide, nailed
on about one inch apart. We have for
warded a sample ot the above crates to
Judge C. H. Dupont, Quincy, Florida,
President of the State Agricultural and
Emigration Society.
Dimensions op three bushel Crates.
—Length, thirty inches; depth, twenty
and one-half inches; width, twelve and
one-hall inches. The neater the crate is
made the better the goods will show. Nail
your crates securely. We would advise
them to be strapped, as they are handled
roughly in shipment.
Beans and peas should be picked dry,
for if they are not perfectly dry when
packed the peas will scald and the beans
spot, making them unsaleable.
Always fill the crates well, packing the
articles tightly, sq they cannot shake about,
and they wiil not rot as quick as they
would if they could shake about.
From the Southern Cultivator.
Grass Culture In the Sonth—No. 2.
Editors Southern Cultivator :—ln
the March number of the Southern Plant
er & Parmer, a Virginia farmer, who
bears the reverend name of Washington
(John Washington) says: “The greatest
blunder committed by Eastern Virginia
farmers, is their neglecting to raise hay—
any hay— many of them. To save (odder
in the usual way with hired labor, as a re
munerat ve feed, is impossible.” Sooner
or later, all Southern farmers will see and
acknowledge the “blunder” of attempting
to pull by hand, corn blades enough to
feed wonting stack, cows giving milk,
young cattle, and keep them in good con
dition. Su h fodder costs at least five
times more per 1,000 lbs than to raise a
mixture of orchard grass and clover hay,
as recommended by Washington to Vir
ginia farmers. He sows a bushel of or
chard grass seed, and a gallon of clover
seed on an acre with oats, in March—the
ground manured and properly cultivated.
As his instructive article headed “Or
chard Grass,” wiil fill not over a page in
the Southern Cultivator, I hope to see the
article copied. He says, “orchard grass
will stand the invasion of broomstraw, if
you will practice a little patience, and not
-uffer it to be grazed until it has formed a
sod. Then you can’t hurt it, except witli
hogs or the plow.”
As additional evidence of the tenacity
with which this grass holds the ground, I
may n mark, that eighteen years ago, when
in charge of the Agricultural Department,
at Washingtm, I seeded an orchard with
orchard grass in the District of Columbia,
on a farm bought for experimental pur
poses, which has yielded good crops ev r
since, without re-seeding, as my son in
forms me, who lives on the farm. Recently
while Visiting my son, I noticed a little
I sedge in the grass, but not enough to in
jure the hay. I have raised orchard crass
' witi equal satisfaction in Georgia, and feel
I that I cannot render Southern agriculture
I no better service than to commend it to
: the attention of all wiio would rejoice to
i see our section command a largo profit
| with leas labor on the firm.
A few days since wliile in Knoxville, I
Saw fanners selling corn from flat, boats at
sixty cents a bushel, and hay from wagons
at twcut}-five dollars a ton. At these
prices, a farmer receives $1 25 per 100
jbs of hay, and $1.20 for 108 lbs shelled
; corn. Now I can raise 1,000 pounds of
hay as easily as 100 pounds of corn ; while
' the hay will bring twelve times more money
than the corn, on ray farm. These facts
indicate very clearly the excess of corn
culture in Tennessee, and the deficiency of
grass culture. The Southern mind clings
to traditional practices and errors with a
force that nothing apparently can over
come. A single horse will cut five acres
of grass in a day, yielding 15,000 or 20,000
lbs. of good hay, worth $l5O to
S2OO. Compare pulling fodder by lazy ne
groes with this haying operation ? A sin
gle horse will rake and pitch the hay on
five acres in less than a day. Labor-sav
ing machinery is more needed in our agri
culture than anything else, to compensate
in part for the loss of slaves. More farm
ers must raise grass, horses and mules, or
many wili find working stock too scarce
and high for them to purchase, The
correspondent of the Cincinnati Commer
cial, who visited Mr. Dickson’s plantation, re
portsthatwhi!sl4ofreedmen produced less
cotton than sixty slaves, they destroyed or
injured working stock five-fold more than
when Mr. D. owned the laborers as well as
mules that tilled his ground. This con
sumption of'live horse flesh is anew and
important agricultural fact.
To enhance the price of mule?, is to
breed more mares to jacks, and thereby
diminish the number of breeding mares
raised in all mule raising districts. Hence,
both horses and mules will inevitably be
come scarce in the South ; for our breed
ing stock is steadily becoming less, simply
because we raise mules instead of breeding
animals. When the million rush into
cotton growing and at cnce overwork and
underfeed mules and horses, prudent men
will quietly buy brood mares, sow grass
seed and clover, and produce horse-flesh
iu the cheapest manner. Crass oulture
and stock-raising require very little labor,
save all fields from washing, improve
land, give sure crops, and large profits.
Southern farmers plow too much surface,
and every way overdo tillage, as though it
was the beginning, middle and end of
all good husbandry. Grass fields that last
eighteen years, as demonstrated by
the experience of the writer, will give ex
cellent beef, mutton and bacon (the last
named is made on buttermilk and c over),
will give wool and all farm stock, and a
plenty of manure for raising wheat, and
all needful grain. Eighty acres in pasture
and meadow to twenty under the plow, is
about a fair proportion. In place of this
self-3u=tainißg system of stock-husbandry
and tillage, our farmers put eighty acres
in corn, cotton, or other tilled crop, and
have no white man’s grass, sown on the
farm, but rest it in weeds, sedge, briars,
and sassafras bushes, so far as it is not
cultivated. No income is realized from
perennial grass, because they look to the
plow and hoe for all mon y crops. Wifi
not money from plants that grow ten or
twenty years with no use of plow or hoe,
be as acceptable as that derived from
wearing out our already impoverished ]
plantations? The farmer who raises grass, !
stock aud provisions, and plows but little, 1
needs but few work animals, his black
smith bills are smal l , his expenses for la
bor are also small, while h's income and
independence arc about as sure as the cer
tainty that rain will fall and grass grow.
The Future Production of Cotton.
That the favorable results of last year’s
crop of cotton have induced effoits to
ward , st 11 larger production of the staple
the present je'ar, is not to bo doubted.
But it is very questionable whether the
actual increase wiil be considerable or ap
preciable. There is land for the purpose
in unlimited abundance, but there is no
proportionate supply of agricultural labor.
Indeed, there is reason to suspect that the ;
resources of the latter now at hand in the
South have reached the maaimum of de
velopment, from which there will be more
tendency to decline than to increase. We
refer especially to the freedmen hands
who have constituted the bulk of planta
tion laborers in the cotton growing enter
prises of the past three or four years.
Time is proving in this country what, it
has proved in Jamaica, in Hay ti, in Africa,
that the free negro has no more relish for
continuous labor in the fields in the long,
languid Summers of tropical and quasi
tropical countries, than the free Caucasian;
and by some judges he is regarded as
having much less, and as being particular
ly repugnant to plantation labor as long as
there are open to him lighter occupations,
or other modes of living more conducive
to the dolce-far-niente existence of a big
sunflower nodding in the breezes, which is
poetically supposed to fulfill the Ethio
pian’s dream of terrestrial happiness.
Turning such elements of white labor
as are now in the South, wc shall find
them tending to development in mechani
cal and manufacturing directions, rather
than agricultural. Henceforth more and
more ot Southern industry will be devo'ed
to the manipulation of cotton after it is
grown, and it is impossible that in ten
years one-half the value of the Southern
export of co tm wit! bo in the shape of
cloths or yarns turned out ot Southern fac
tories The impending change wilt pro
mote the sub-timid tveakn of the South,
but, as the situation now stands, it. must
necessarily divert capital and labor from
the cultivation of the fields to a vanity of
home manufactures, and, therefore, must
tend to limit the productio i of cotton. —
uV O. Bulletin.
Singular Facts About Bets.
Prof. Huxley, of London, has delivered
at the College of Surgeons a series of in
teresting lectures on the “laveitebrata.”
In one of the lectures, devoted to the de
script'.on of the class "Tnsecta," he furnish
ed some interesting information in regard
to the life and habits of that familar insect,
the bee. Speaking of the so-called social
insects, bees, wasps and ant*, he says :
These insects are distinguished not only
by their combining together in great num
bers, but also by the species presenting
itself under three or four distio it forms.
I’hus, iu the bee wc have (1) the working
bee or imperfect female, (2) the drone or
true male, and (3) the fertile female or
queen. Sometimes iu the ant there are
four distinct forms, for the working ants
are divided into twos.ts —(1) the ordinary
workers, and (2) other workers exclusively
concerned in defence, these are the soldier
ants; they have large heads and strong
mandibles.
In regard to the bees one point is soon
made out, viz : that the droues arc true
males and that the queen is an indubitable
female. But the true condition of the
workers was only made out after much in
vestigation. They are simply females stunt
ed in their development, for they possess
stings (which are peculiar to females) and
other features of female organization.
To follow out the history of a hive, we
find in early Spring the comb of the last
year containing a great mass of bees—
workers, and one larger than the rest, the
true queen. At this period there arc no
males and no larval. The first operation
consists in the waking up of the hive. The
workers sally forth and collect honey and
pollen. These workers or neuters separata
into two divisions—one party is employed
in collecting food, the other in turning it to
account when collected. These latter, the
well fed ones, hang themselves up in
bunches in the hive, and the nutriment
they have received is converted into wax,
which is separated from the body and
passes out between the abdominal rings.
After this period of rest they set to work
and employ the wax to build up cells. The
others return to the hive, and regurgitate
the saccharine matter that they have col
lected into the cells which the other set
have formed. Other cells, at this period,
are ready for the deposit of eggs. For
this purpose tho workers build up three
different kinds of cells. The cells for the
workers and the drones do not greatly dif
fer, but those for the queens, only a few in
number, are larger and not hexagonal,
but rounded.
Tho Queen marches along the rows of
cells and drops an egg into the open mouth
of each. The eggs are elongated, and
stick to the bottom of the ceils, so that
every celi contains an egg. The larvce,
when they emerge from the egg, are ail
perfectly similar-they possess no feet and
are perfectly helpless, so that they have to
be • ted. For this purpose the working
bees store up in their crops a chylous sub
.-tance, which they regurgitate into the
cells of the larvae. During the last six
days the food supplied to the cells is of'the
same character—but after this period the
Queen larvae continues to be supplied with
the same form of highly elaborated food,
but the others are then led on a mixture of
honey and pollen.
After a time the larvce changes into
a chrysalis, the lid of the cell is shut down
and covered over with wax, and the first
changes are undergone. In the firs place
there is a vastly greater number of worker
cells made than queen cells, and these
workers emerge first, and take their share
in the work of the hive. By and bye the
young queen is ready to pass out of her
cell—she then makes a kind of chirping
noise—at this the old queen gets into a
great rage and tries to destroy the young
one, but the workers assemble round their
new queen and repel the attacks of the old
sovereign respectfully, but firmly. Then
on a sudden accession of rage the old queen
deserts the hive, followed by a certain
number of workers, who form an escort
for her. This is what is known as the
first swarm— the old queen with her new
followers found anew home. Soon after
this there is a second swarm, participated
u by the new queen and a numerous
escort—they ascend high up into the a r
ami again return to the hive. This cere
mony installs the new queen into office,
and she is prepared to perpetu te the ex
istence ot the _ hive, and remains iu com
mon until the birth of anew queen on the
following Spring, when she, enraged at
the evidences of affection which are mani
fested for anew comer, leaves tho hive in
disgu-t, and founds anew home.
We have now another difficulty to solve.
Why is it that out of a worker’s cell there
always proceed-; a .-t inted female, out of a
drone’s C--11 a male,and out of'a queen’s call
a perfect female ? Some bee keepers soon
found out how the difference between the
neutertnapd the queen was brought about.
It was noticed that the hive loses itsqjeen
sometimes, ana then, if not six days old,
the living workers were able to convert any
grub they chose into a full grown queen,
simply by altering the condition of its life
—they enlarge its cell, alter its shape and
continue to supply it with highly elaborat
ed nutriment, therefore no arrest iff devel
opment takes place; a perfect female insect
•is formed.
Implement for Covering Corn.
To the Editor of the Cincinnati Gazette :
Having noticed an answer given a War
ren county correspondent in regard to the
best implement for covering corn in your
excellent paper of March 31st, I thought
it would not be amiss to say a word or
two on the subject, as corn planting is near
at hand. Now I can say, as Mr. B. F. A.
did, I planted about forty acres iast
season, which I dropped and covered with
an implement made by a neighbor farmer
boy, which he has a patent for. Instead
of a double shovel plow it is a treble
shovel plow with dropper attached
to it In Fayette county all the corn
is planted with this planter or some
other similar to it, hand dropping being
among the things of the past.
Now in regard to accurate dropping,
after the ground is furrowed out one way,
I can take the planter with one horse and
drop and eover as much corn as his two
droppers and one cover, and I will war
rant the corn to be dropped as accurately
as his is done by two droppers, and in ad
dition a more uniform number of grains to
the hill. The method of covering is the
same as his, but you see I save the ex
pense of two hand droppers and once fur
rowing the ground, and, as I have said,
the work is better done.
In regard to his wanting some instruction
in draining land, and whether it will pay,
I think that it is the best improvement
that can be put on wet land, and one that
wiil surely pay. Now as to tile or stone,
if he can get stone as he says very bandy,
he needs nothing better; in Fayette, we
are putting in a good many tile, as stone
is scarce. Washington C- H., O.
Carts vs. Wagons. —lt seems strange
that so few carts should be used by farm
ers in this country. They are much more
conveniently geared up, more easily worked
in cramped places, are unloaded with less
trouble, and are, in all respects, for the
jobbing work of the (arm, more economi
cal and convenient than wagons. Provided
with a good set of top boards and a hay
rack, they ought to become in this country,
as they have in England, the principal
vehicle for use upon the farm, although
wagons are better for journeys on the
road.
Restoring Worn-out Lands —J. H I
\\ oodburn, Kingsville, Ohio, writes .to the |
New \ork Farmers' Club :
On afarm I bought some years ago, tßerc
was an acre that had been cultivated uutilit
was entirely exhausted. It was a hard clay
soil. I plowed the ground eight inches
deep, rolled with a heavy roller to grind
the clods, planted to corn and manured in
the hill. I had a thin growth of stalks
and about forty bushels of ears to the acre.
I picked the corn the first of September,
when fairly glazed, out the stalks close to
the ground and plowed them under green.
The next Spring I plowed and planted to
corn, as before, manuring iu the hill, pick
ed the corn in September, eighty bushels
to the acre, and a heavy growth of stalks,
which were again plowed under. Tho
same plan was pursued the third year,
when the productive power* of the ground
were found to be fully restored.
He then sowed to oatt and seeded with
clover and timothy, getting enormous
crops.
The Cultivation of Cabbages.
The field cultivation of the cabbage has
of late become quite common in many sec*
tions. I have made many experiments
with the vegetable, and have found that I
eau produce a much better crop from past
ure land, broken up in the Spring,provid
ed it be of a light sandy texture, manured
animal excrement in a green condition,
than on old soil, however liberally manur
ed. Virgin soil, uudeteriorated by culti
vation, and possessing unimpaired all the
qualities with which it was originally en
dued by nature, supplies also a most ad
mirable medium for the production of this
crop. It should be borne in mind that of
all vegetables none are more partial to a
soil of medium and equable moisture,
though at the same tirno there is none
which will more successfully resist the ef
fects of drought.
When I grow cabbages on pasture ground,
I break it up early iu the Spring, and hav
ing rolled aud harrowed thoroughly—using
with a view to the more perfect disintegra
tion of the soil, harrows of different de
grees of fineness—l strike the land off into
furrows eighteen inches apart. The mat ure
! is first leveled, then covered with about one
i inch of fresh, fine soil, and on this the seed
is deposited, and covered about one ineh in
depth. As soon as the plants appear above
the surface, they receive a dressing of
soot, one part; sulphur, one part ; gyp
sum, one part ; and wood ashes, sifted,
two parts; the ingredients being thorough
ly mixed, and applied by means of a box
with a perforated top. With this the mixture
is evenly and expeditiously applied, a few
hours boing sufficient to dress a large
piece. The morning is the most suitable
time for the application of this dressing,
as the dew serves to retain it on the
leaves, and prevents its being blown off by
the winds. When thu plants are fairly in
rough leaf the hills may be thinned, aud
vacant ones filled up by transplanting from
others, and a dressing of slacked lime, one
part wood ashes ; four parts ; pulverized
charcoal, one part; gypsum, one part;
and common salt, one part; applied and
worked around- the roots. Frequent
dressings with the hoe are more indispen
sably necessary to the successful develop
ment of this vegetable than to any of the
dther broad-leaved varieties, especially
during the earlier periods of its growth.
When managed in this way, very few
imperfect headswrill be produced, and the
crop will generally be of greater weight,
and possess a flavor greatly superior to
cabbages grown in the ordinary way on old
soils. —Correspondent Germantown Tele
graph.
Sweet i’otatoe Culture.
I have made a speciality of the sweet
potato for twenty years, raising annually
fifteen acres. If a person can devise-a
plan by which he can increase bis crop
and save halt the labor, he accomplishes
something worth telling. Now, this is the
case with my sweet potato culture. I used
to go to the field With ten hands, and lay
out four fold the expanse in hoeing up the
hills iu readiness for the plants that I now
find necessary to expend in having the en
tire crop set I now set my crop as fast
as a two-horse team can cross the field and
return, foil >wing the team closely, while
the soil is freshly turned, planting all day
long, right In the sunshine, without any
watering to ‘sodden ’ the ground, or, as
my Dutch boy had it, wjten I followed the
“sodden” plan, "setting the plants in a
clod.” To show how easy it is to plant an
acre with HWeit potatoes, I copy the follow
ing from the Marietta Register , of May
28th, 1868 :
“ Ton lads, from 12 t > 16 years of age, at
Rathbone’s Clifton Garden, set out 35,000
sweet potato plants in 14 hours; aud in six
days, working from 8 to 10 hours, set out
150,000 plants, covering 14 acres—and the
best part of the item is, the plants live.”
Now, I am able to do this rapid work
by puddling the plants, and by many
years’ experience I have proved that the
plan is not injurious, as I had whimsical
notions that it would be, many years ago.
Again, to expedite, I out the ridges in
to bills at the second hoeing, or first if
you choose. Again, my farm is so small,
that l camlet afford to plant “four feet
each way.” So I have my ridges but two
feet two inches, and I find that these nar
row row-, give better returns per row than
the four incites. Once per row with a
single shovel p|ow, hoe the row both
sides to „ perfection, and I find it poor
economy to do by manual labor anything
a horse can do.
I plow once a week until July 20th,
when the vines become too largo, and then
the work is done. Correspondent Country
Gentleman, Washington county , Ohio.
Experiments in Feeding Pigs.
Green Cos., O.
To the Editorof the Cincinnati Gazette:
In turning over the leaves of my dUy
book, I came across the record of an ex
periment I had with a sow and pigs. In
1861, I had a sow of good common stock
which had seven pigs on the second day
of January. On the second day of April,
the sow and pigs had eaten thirteen bush
els of raw corn arid common slot) from
the kitchen once a day. The weight of
the pigs separately was 47J, 42J, 39, 35-j,
33, 2.81, 281 lbs , collectively 254 J los. The
pigs were separated from the sow, and fed
raw corn and common si tpfrom the kitchen
until the 25th ol June. They had eaten
seventeen bushels of corn since they were
weaned, and weighed, collectively, 455 lbs.
Phis was a mere experiment to ascertain
how much pork a given quant ty of corn
would produce. R. IlysLOP.
In the above experiment it wd! be seen
that from the time the pigs were weaned,
April 2d, up to 25th of Juue, seventeen
bushels o! la* corn, together with the
kitchen slops, gave an aggregate increase
in weight of 2ou£ pounds Tfa in every
bushel of raw corn, with the ad of the
kitrhqn i-lopn, made nearly twelve pounds
gro;S weight of pig pork. Our correspond
ent fails to state whether these pigs were
shut, up, or had the run of a pasture,
wherc-l.y grass formed a part of the feed.
LI they were shut tip. the experiment shows
a fair profit in raising pig-, even when fed
on raw corn. Bit if the corn ha 1 been
cooked, twelve bushels would have gone as
far as the seventeen bushels, thus showing
a much larger profit.
( hops inTkxas.—Notw thstatiding the
lateness of the crops on account of con
tinued rains, yet our accounts from all
quarters are now very favorable. The
c.,rn in many instances has been replanted,
but it is now well advanced, being general
ly from tw r o to three feet high and growing
rapidly. The fields are said to he much
better cultivated than usual, and both
corn and cotton have generally been worked
over twice, and cotton thinned to a stand.
Asa general rule the cotton fields have
been considerably enlarged, some extend
ing the area about one-third more than last
year, while the area in corn is generally
la-s. Everybody is said to have planted to
the fullest extern of the iabor that
could command. Yet a very large amount
of the lands cultivated before the war are
still growing up in weeds for want of labor.
Although the freedmen are doing better
than when we had the Bureau, still there
are thousands who can Dot be persuaded to
work, but hang about our towns. The
negro women have entirely abandoned field
work, and have ceased to be productive
laborers. —Galveston News, April 28.
Recipe for a Garden Fertilizer.—
j he following, a simple but garden
compound, has been used with the best re
sults, bringing into requisition material
tbat in many instances would otherwise be
wasted (chip dirt and refuse salt), no in
significant element in the formation of
vegetable matter: twelv •. bushels of ashes;
one bushel of refuse salt; one bushel of
plaster ; twelve bu-hels of hen manure ;
thirty bushels of chip dirt (or muck).
Heap your hen manure in a pile and
dampen it with brioe from your re
fuse salt until it heats. Then mix in the
other ingredients. The fermentation pul
verizes the mass and kills the grubs so apt
to be found in chip dirt, relieving it of a
‘‘doubtfoui expediency.” This compound
is as valuable as poudrette Correspond
ent Country Gentlemen.
Personal—New York Capitalists - -
We were pleaded to see in our city yester
day Messrs. U. A. Murdock, Win. Putin
and Wm. Paton, Jr , New York capitalists,
and large stockholders in the Selma, Rome
& Dalton Railroad. These gentlemen are
taking a survey of the resources of this
section, and, of course, will receive' a cor
dial welcome and kind attentions from the
people. Captain Barney, the indomitable
Superintendent, who was in company with
them, gave an excursion down the road in
the afternoon, in which quite a number of
ladies and ginilemcp joined. Home
Courier. ■
The German papers mention that four
thousand emigrants recently passed through
Hamburg and Bremen, within the space of
three days, for mroute America.
Georgia Items.
The following gentlemen h,.ve been ap
pointed by the Town Council of Athens as
delegates to the Memphis Commercial
Convention, to be held in Memphis, Tenn..
on the 18th of May, 1869 :
John H Newton Col J H Christy, CM
D C Barrow Gon Wm M Browns,'Maj A
L Dealing Dr HR J L mg, J as D Pit turd,
iM im o P \aneey, Cos! S C Dobbs and
Col 31 C Fulton.
The fruit crop of Georgia was not so
badly injured by the recent frosts, as re
ports led us to believe. There will be a
fair crop ot peaches and apples.
We learn from the Savannah Republi
hcan, that the trains of this road will con
nect Brunswick with the Atlantic & Gulf
Railroad about the Ist of July, and it is
expected that the w hole connection through
to Macon will be made by the Ist of No
vember.
Irorn ail parts of Northeastern Georgia
the reports ot the wheat ere i are most
enoouiaging, and the promise of'a good
past*** fl ' ttering as my years
Edward Bayne, a member M ho Georgia
Legislature, irom Jasper oou.it/, :u 1800-
6, charged with the homicide of a man
named Lynch, was tried last week and ac
quitted on the ground that the ki 1 ng was
justifiable.
The Grand Jury of Hall count -, at it ;
last ses-ion, recommended a county sue
scription of §IOO,OOO to the Air Line
Railroad, not to bo paid, though, till the
road i*,permanently located in Gainesville,
or uear by.
Central Railroad stock sold for §l2B per
share, yesterday, at Savannah, ami South,
western at $99 50 and SIOO per share. Li
Columbus, same day, 25 shares of the lat
tar brought SIOO 50 per stare.
Monroe County Wheat Crop.—Th ■
wheat-crop of 3lonroe and adjacent noun
ties is most flattering to tuo industry < f
farmers. The prospects are that more
than an ave-rage crop will b ; harvested.—
Monroe Advertiser, 4 th. *
Telegram™ Brunswick —The par;y
who arc about completing the telegraph t ,
Darien, last week proposed to severil
gentlemen of our city that they would
furnish at once ine to this point from
Darien, provided a subscription ot' $1
was raised by stock subscription. O fly a
few days sufficed to secure the amount ,
and we are proud to intorui out read n
that within a f w short weeks Brunswick
will bo placed iu lightning couiuiunicatio
with the world. Surely we have cause ■ >
congratulate ourselves iu our rapid strul.-s
I of development.— Brunswick Appeal, is’.
I Iron for the Ma.on and Bruns
1 WICK R. R.—Another etrgi of iron, and
! the largest yet received ;ic ■;overed toll ,
arrived in our port last, w ,;k. for ti e
Macon and Brunswick II and r tad. We learu
several other cargoes a,e daily expected in
our port for the same road. — Ibid.
Crops in Jasper.—We learned at
Monticello last week that the prospects t c
good crops in Jasper county were never
more promising. Nearly' all the farmers
were through planting, corn and cotton Is
generally up, and the stand is good. The
farmers had their land thoroughly prepar. 1
and in excellent order before plautii,
many of them, notwithstanding their dis
tance from the railroad, using guano.—
Federal Union, 4 th.
Internal Revenue Assessor for thu
4th District.—A private telegram r
ceived in this city this morning announc -
that J. H. Caldwell, of La Grange, has
been appointed Revenue Assessor for th
(4th) District, in place of W. 11. Watson.
—Atlantic Constitution.
The Weather, Etc. —An abundant
supply of rain l. ll during the past week,
somewhat retarding the operations of the
planters of Butts. A few days of fair
weather, however, will bring them well up
with their work. The planting season has
been anauspioious one, and most of the
seed are in the ground. Cotton has come
up unusually well; corn do. Wheat and
oats, of which a considerably area was
sown, promises fait ly.— Monroe Advertiser.
The Storm Saturday Night.—The
tremendous gust of wind we mentioned iu
Sunday’s paper did more damage than was
commonly supposed. It, arose suddenly
in the west and continue 1 tor a half an
hour with all the force of a one-horse hur
ricane. Several of the largest china trees
in the city were blown up from the roots,
and some people almost lifted out of their
boots. We are told trees iu Wynton suffer
ed. About a thousand feet of tin roof oA
the Lowell Warehouse wa> rolled up and
pitched off iu a twinkling.— Columbus
Sun.
Crops in Johnson County.—The
planting interest ; of t'l county are re
ported prosperous. Planters have.bought
largely of fertilizers, and we fear have
planted too much cotton. The crops look
well. We are of the opinion that many
of the planters in Johnson and other com,
ties of like soil, would find cane much
more profitable than cotton. A gentleman
living within a few milos of Wrigbtsviifi
informed us that last year, on three-fourths
of an acre of land he made 350 pounds of
good brown sugar (we cut testify to its
being good), and 150 gallons of good syrup.
The same land would probably not have
produced more than 250 pounds lint cotton
at most. The cultivation of the cane, as
we arc informed is quite as easy as that of
cotton. With, the facilities possessed in
these counties for treading land and rai
ing manure, it does soem to us that cane
should bo tho crop for market— Central
Georgian , sth.
Farming Prospects in Emanuel
The report from the farming interest <,t'
Emanuel, are truly cheering; everybody
is at work, white and black, lands well
prepared, fertilizers used extensively,
large. crops planted, now up and growing
off finely. We have.met with no people
anywhere who are more hoe• fui for the
future. Their hopes, too, ai . weii founded,
being upentheit own strong arm- and thy
blessings of Providence. Cm John Me
Kiunie is bard at work convertin ; his mil.
on the Ogecchee into an extensive euttuu
and wool factory, and will have u in opera
tion soon. This is some.hmg long needed
in this portion of Georgia.— lbid.
Washington County.—April departed
in a shower of rain, and May came in with
a storm of wind. Sunday and Sunoay
night were almost cold enough for
frost. At this writing (M mday) the wind
goes moaning by more lire tlic chiding
blast of Winter than the balmy breglh of
Spring. The blow has liecn severe on
fruit, and we fear also, injured the wheat
crop, which up to this time has been Very
promising. In strolling around yester
day among some fruit, trees, wc noticed
the ground literally covered with- peaches,
many o* them halt grown. May seems to
have stolen some of March’s thunder or
wind, rather. — lbid.
The Crops op this Section All our
growing crops look most t-.mtv v. Large*
breadths of land were sow-el nad planted
in wheat, cotton, corn, etc ; generally the
lands have been thorongoly pro .ued by
deep plowing; iu many ustauces enriching
materials have been lion-ally ns !, ami
planters are working win un-i *ua! v,.n.
We hear no co » plaints, but ail w -ar cheer
ful and earnest faces. Deep -p owing and
the rains of Heaven are prude ring the- :
happy results. Wheat pfesorus a more
promising appearance than it has for
years. The yield will be correspondingly
abundant.
Corn is up regular, aid g -owing off
charmingly. I: these;'-- .u« pro
pitious, we shad be ab ■ - -re .f' -ur
abundanoe corn to those o- L-ss favored
sections.
Cotton is generally plant. I and up. The
stand is beauritul and plant healthy and
vigorous. With proper c liure and a
favorable season —no accident befalling it
—the crop will boa very lar ; -one.
The same good attention has been be
stowed upon other crops, and the prospect
is flattering for a year of plenty.
And last, though not least, after all the
frosts and col 1 weather, the people of 3Jid
dle Georgia will enjoy a splendid truit
crop this year. Thanks be to kind Heaven.
—Madison Farm Jirurnal.
| A Large Pale. Yesterday the Messrs.
Ellis sold for D. F. Wiicox, assignee, all
; the assets of the Bank of Columbus, the
! principal items ts which" were a splendid
j banking hou-e, rai.r ad bonds, “Confeder
ate bonds and bill*, and btate 'bonds, and
treasury notes, convertible into Confed—
towering up, all told, when put in original
figures, to an amount of property far great
er than was ever sold before in this city in
one day. We append the prices of a few of
the main item.-: Banking house $28,000;
$33,500 bonds of M. & G. R. R., 931 to
95R $3,740 promi-ouous bank bills, lot
$1.55; $40,000 Alibatna bonds (Con ed)
lot s4l; SB4 000 G lorzia i,, tjs, lot s<l3;
$300,000 CiU . 1, ... lot $42 50.
Other smaller lets of {jonh.-ieoue binds
and bills were sold and brought about the
same rates. Bidding was lively, and the
prices paid f>r valuable stocks or property
did not indicate a very great scarcity of
money amont the bidders . Columbus
Enquirer, sth.
A New Cotton Manufactory.—We
were informed yesterday t ,ut Mr. JJ .
Grant, an experienced manufacturer and
leading citizen, and Others, are projecting
the building ofauother cotton factory of the.
capacity of 10,000 spindles. The organize
tion is ti be known as the Coweta Falls
i Manufacturing Company. A charter was
secured at thi last session of the Legislature
incorporating the Company and author
izing it to employ a capital of $500,000. It
is thought the mill can be erected and
stacked with machinery at a cost of little
over half this amount. The projectors own
three desirable water lots, just above those
of the Eagle and Phoenix Mills, have a
race already completed, and will use the
large river dam. Enough rock has been
blasted in building the race wall to erect
the foundations. —Columbus Sun.
A spring-gun placed near a hen-roo.-c
cost the Radical party in Memphis ;t
colored vote the other night,