Newspaper Page Text
§nvoniclc & ffetttteriL |
» KHNKSDAY MORNING. JILT 2*.
W»o HisregarcU Law ?
An attempt to defend BrJlock’a pardons
upon the ground “the disrespect to the
government, the reckless disregard of law
and right which extreme Democratic
1 caders have so boldly inculcated, the
bad example set before the ignorant by
the educated, have temptedlsome thought
less persons into crime, and hence the
exercise of clemency by his Expresse
b-nev Who in the State has so promi-
nency and repeatedly “disregarded the
law" as booby Bullock? In the Opera
1 louse matter he boldly disregarded the i
law, took the Treasury into his own keep
ing, checked for and paid out money, not
even observing the forms of law, and told
the law-making power and representatives
of the people he would not account for
his action until he was,treated with respect
by a conscientious official who was simply
discharging his duty. But, again,in the mat
ter of these very pardons, where does the
booby Executive, so-called, get his author
ity l’or affixing new penalties to crime, ab-
solutely legislating-i* specific cases? The
Constitution gives the right to commute
from a highWcrime to a lower crime-say
from murder to manslaughter--and the
Code specifics and affixes the penalty for
each crime, which is the only penalty that
(Mio be legally recognized. But where, ex
cept from his own brain, does Booby Bul-
lock get a color for authority to originate
and affix new penalties? Where does he get
authority to make one or two years’ im
prisonment the penalty for murder ? Per
haps belore bis Expresaelency gets rid of
the Angier shirt he will find it and sonoe
other like garment to rub to the quick.
The worst example ever “set before the
ignorant’' is Bullock in the Governor’s
chair; and the worst of his unscrupulous
criminal acts is his open disregard of law,
and his filling offices with the notoriously
corrupt. r m *
The (failed Jade Winces.
Bollock forces Comptroller Bell to en
dorse his character, which Bell does by at
tacking Mr. Treasurer Angier. This does
not explain the fifty-five thousand dollars
taken from the Fourth National Bank in
Now York. Were warranto drawn accord
ing to law on the Treasurer for the sums
short in the New York National Bank
account ? Does Mr. Comptroller say tha.,
these disbursements of’ his Expresselency
wore according tolaw even in form? When
In -, Expresselency retires otium cum diyni
tate to his Tarrytown estate does tire
Comptroller expect to share his hospital
ity ? We hear that his Expresselency ha s
declared that his duty to his God, his
country and the State Road, Foster Blod
gett, Treasurer, demands that he shall see
ihn Angier business through, and this
Angier shirt off of him. But the declar
ation fails when the State Road is taken
out of his hands,a& will be done so goon as
the Legislature meets.
fiuanos.
The monthly report of the Special Com
missioner of the Rovenue in charge of the
Bureau of Statistics, exhibits the quantity
and declared value of Guanos imported
into the United States for the nine months
preceding and ending 31st March, 1869.
The official figures are :
Declared
Tons. value.
Guano, except from
American Islands,
kegs, Ac 7,365 $112,159 00
Guano from Ameri
can Islands 2,575 47,016 00
Total 9,940 $159,175 00
By tliis official statement it appears that
the declared value of all guanos, as entered
at the Government Custom Houses, of the
ports at which the cargoes are delivered,
average (omitting fractional partsof cents)
sl6 02 per ton iu gold; or, taking the pre
mium on gold at an average of forty per
cent., average s2l 42 per ton in greenback
32 in currency; and the avorage of Ameri
can Island guanos per ton is $lB 65 iugold,
or $26 11 per ton in currency.
There is no tariff laid upon guanos by
the government; consequently, being free
from duty, there can be nothing gained by
the importer in declaring the value of their
guano importations at less than the true
value. It is fair to suppose, therefore,
that the values, as doolared at the Custom
House, is the true value, the cost of
guauos, aboard ships, after paying the cost
of loading, royalty, &c.,&c. This, however,
ia exclusive of ship’s freight. Averaging
the rates ol ship freights at our command,
makes this cost of transportation to be
$6 00 per ton in gold or $8 40 per ton in
currency. These data, however, relate
solely to Peruvian and Chilian guanos.
The rate, therefore, it is not unfair to as
sume as (air lor all guanos imported. As
suming this to be the true average of
freight rates, the whole cost per ton of
guano, delivered at any of the Atlantic
ports, will not exceed thirty dollars per ton
in greenbacks.
'1 he great market for guanos is found in
the Middle and Southern Atlantic States.
In this region that it is cheaply used for
cotton and wheat lands. The railroad ton-
nage of fertilizers in the State of Georgia
during the past year has been enormous.
Railroad statistics do uot, however, dis
criminate as to the character of the fertil
izer, and therefore we have no data to esti
mate the proportion of guano transported.
All of the manipulated manures contain
more or less of guano; those ranking the
highest, it is stated, contain twenty-five
per cent of Peruvian guano. Turning to
the prices of guano the average price to
the farmer during the period ouding the
31st of March, 1869, in large quantities,
was about SBO per ton in gold, or about
$lO5 per ton in greenback currency. As
suming that all the importations of that
specified nine months were disposed of at
that price, the declared values of imported
guanos,amounting to $159,175 ingold,were
swelled in return to $1,041,700 in green
backs. Assuming, on the other hand, that
but one half of the imported guano reach
ed the farmer in its pure state (and we are
sure that one-fourth would be nearer the
true mark), the other half furnished the
most costly ingredients for the manipulated
manures (containing one fourth Pcruviau
guano), sufficient to make about twenty
thousand tons of AmmoDiated Phosphates,
commanding about sixty or seventy dollars
per ton from the farmer.
There is but little doubt but the experi
ence ot tins year will determine largely the
demand tor guanos and fertilizers the com
ing year. There is also but little doubt
that, while the railroads derive but little
profit in the transportation of guanos and
lertiuzers, this reduction, as matters now
>tand, does not innure to the benefit of the
planter in this large branch of trade, which
has grown up with the progress of agri.
cultural science. There is a feature in this
progress which should not be overlooked.
Experiment and experience has demon
strated that the quantity of guano used
may be greatly diminished, and with more
profitable results by combining with il
other ingredients. Fortunately for us the
discovery of natural beds of phosphates iu
Carolina and Georgia places within home
control the chief of these ingredients. It
is hoped that all due encouragement will
be extended to further their use -and de
velop a mine of wealth to the country of
our homes, thereby keeping a large amount
of money in our midst which is now sent
abroad.
Comparing the importations of guanos
with periods before the war, they appear
to be greatly diminished, fhis we were
prepared to expect from the high price of
natural guanos, and by the number and
variety of manipulated manures that are
now being introduced and advertised. The
importations of foreign guanos appear to
be confined almost exclusively to the ports
of New York and Baltimore. These are
chiefly from Peru and Chili. The whole
importation of guano from American isl
ands seems to have been confined to the
districts of ‘‘Delaware, Baltimore and
Philadelphia, coming from the islands of
’NavassaandSombrero," with the excep
tion of seven tons from Mantanzas, Cuba.
;; . V. ego in fclit.
, i .i IMPORTS AMI EXPORT*. .
71... jrterly statement of the Bureau
o! itatisiics of the Treasury Department |
pt - i.tsa formidable array of figures, al
ni t o formidable as to paralyze effort in
tbi- -.ited term to interpret them. Column
aft r column of minute but distinct arith
metical numbers are displayed with all the
precision and exactness as if for military
inspection. Each line dres-ed to the eye
of an martinet and standing as the exact
exponent of given power. Nevertheless'
these tabular statements contain the his
tory of our foreign commerce as weighed
and measured and tolled by government
officials, acting by authority of acts of Con-
gress. It is these exports that furnish the
exp nentsof our commercial energy and
activity,and indicate, unerringly,in marking
the merchants’ transactions of exchanging
the products of the mine, the factory, or
the farm for the wants of the mmer, the
manufacturer and the farmer, the exact
condition of the people as a unit and the
Government; and defines the resources of
each for the given time, just as the annual
statement of the merchant or farmer indi
cates the sum of their individual transac
tions and their true condition at the end of
the year. By such statements the farmer,
or manufacturer, or merchant is enabled
to tell exactly whether he is prosperous or
unfortunate—how much he has lost, or
how much gained; whether be made
money, or whether he has gotten behind.
These official reports are to the aggregate
of the people of the United btatqs what
the balance sheet is to the individual citi
zen, and show how much the country, as
a whole, has gained or lost, made money
or gone in debt.
1 laving recently presented to our read
ers an analysis of the financial condition
of the country as deduced from the com
merce of the City of New fork, in
confirmation of the views theu somewhat
inferentially expressed, we submit the
following text, from a late leader in the
New York Commercial and Financial
Chronicle , as sound in logic and full of
warning. The article is carefully and
cautiously written, evidently dictated by
an impulse to state all that could be stated
that would be favorable, but passing by
no feature demanded for a fair estimate.
Discussing the offic ai quantity of returns
of the Treasury Department for the nine
months ending 31st of March, 1869, the
Chronicle says:
“Weeatmot sympathize with thedisposi- j
tion shown in some quarters to underrate j
tin: importance of our foreign trade re- ,
turns,as an index of the balance of accounts
between our own and foreign countries.
The trade statistics of the country are now
piiwid in charge of a special bureau, and
appear to bfi compiled with the greatest at
tainable accuracy. It i“ true, the official
returns necessarily omit some items of im
portance in our account with foreign t-a
tinns: such, for instance, as the movement
in bonds ami other securities, the arrivals
of gold by immigrants, and the amounts
taken out by travellers to Europe, the in
terest payable upon foreign capital eipploy
ed here and the*ocean freights upon our
importations. Our comparative ignorance
of 1 heap items, however, affords no reason
for rejecting information upon the more
important movement* which constitute
four fifths of our whole transactions with
other nations.
“Some weeks ago, we took occasion to
indicate that, while our imports were
gaining largely, there was an important
decrease in our exports. This tendency
toward an adverse trade balance was con
tim'-du to about the close of May;
wo, r ,ur( sports were enlarged by free
shipments of readstuffs and our imports j
began to exhibit a moderate decline. lie- i
turns just issued by Mr. Francis A Walk
er, in charge of the Bureau of Statistics,
enable us now to form a close approximate
estimate of the course of the foreign trade
for the first nine months of the past fiscal i
vtar i. e., from July 1, 1868, to March 31,
1869. ’ „ „ .
“We present the lollowmg statements, i
compiled from the official returns, includ
ing specie in both the imports and exports,
the exports being reduced to gold value iu
the Government .statement so as to com
, ..re u : yen ftrurs with the imports,
which art; always entered in specie values ;
(i. ) IMPOSTS AND EXPORTS OF THE UNITED
STATES (SPECIE INCLUDED) FOR "HE
'nine months ENDING MARCH 31, 1860.
ZXUJCUDV V I
Sept. “ : 34,526,775
Oot’r “ 32,297,545
Nov.. “ 28,903,550
Pec., “ 21,999,176
Jan., 1869 30,112,634
Feb’y, “ 35,173,726
March, “ 50,195,384
To all imports—nine m0nth5..5303,395,503
Exports Gold valxie.
Dom exports, lie-e:cports,
produce and merchandize
gold. and gold.
July, 1868 $23,746,354 $1,640,670
Aug., “ 19,749,787 1,755,685
Kept., “ 17,741,801 , 1,520,042
Get., “ 22,454,419 1,558,378
Nov., “ 28,865,795 1,033,807
Dee., “ 33,701,950 1,642,707
Jan., 1869 27,655,515 1.232,610
Feb., “ 29,840,233 2,227,540
March, “ 24,182,837 3,308,024
Totals— 1
nine m0nth5.5227,938,691 $15,919,463
Add re exp’ts 15,919,463
Total exp’ts—
gold va1ue...5213,558,154
Later reports bring the movement down
to the dose of April. The imports for that
month, are s'aiedat $12,176,828, and the
exports at $42,607,341 in mixed currency,
while the re exports are given at $2,980,-
351, principally in gold value. Reducing
the exports for the month to gold value
we should have the following as the trade
movement fortheten months ending April
30, 1869 :
(2) IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF UNITED
STATES FOR TEN MONTHS ENDING
APRIL 30, 1369.
Imports, specie included.
For nine months ending
March 31, 1869 $303 598,503
For month of April, 1869.... • 52,176,823
Total imports-10 months. $356,775,331
Exports and re-exports, specie included.
For niue months ending
March 31, 1869 $243,858,154
For month of April, 1869... 35,905,000
Total exports-10 months $279,763,154
(3.) RECAPITULATION.
Total imports for the ten
months $356,775,331
Total exports for the ten
months 279,763,154
Excess of imp’s, g’lJ value. $77,012,177
4. Imports and Exports for ten months
ending June 30, IS6S.
Imports, specie included,
gold value $304,306,000
Exports, specie included,
gold value 304,995,000
Excess of ex'ts,gold value. $689,000
‘ 'The statistical results here presented are
not such as could have been desired ; and
but for the large increase in the imports at
our own port and a proportionate decrease in
the exports both of produce and specie, for
>ome months past, we should have been
disposed to question the accuracy of the
official returns. It appears that while the
imports for the ten months have reached
$356,700,000, the exports have been only |
$279,700,000, showing au adverse balance, I
upon the trading account, 0f77,000,009 in i
gold.
“Thisresult is more remarkable from the
fact that the period covers the export of
nearly our whole surplus of cotton, which
this year realized very high prices, and the
shipments of which, for nine months out
of the ten, amounted to 497,500,000
pounds. In nearly every other article of
i xport there has been a material d;crease,
the net result being that, for the ten
months, theexports are $25,232,06k) in
-■ J value less than for the same period of
i tst while, on tfce other hand, the
i.m: -1 -r th same period, are $52,469,-
" ! - Tee trade movement lor the
V'" l '-' ■ i-tug months of 1867-8 shows an
almost even balance,the exports, as will be
seen from table 4, being $689,000
in excess of the imports
“There are, however, other items which
require to be added to the debtor side of
the account. Oar interest account has
now become a weighty une. It is very
generally-estimated that over $900,000,000
of united States bonds are now held in
Europe; on which the annual interest
amounts to about $55,000,000 in gold:
while, upon other miscellaneous stocks and
bonds held abroad, the interest and divi
dends cannot amount to less than $10,000,-
000 in gold, making a total of interest pay
ments to Europe of $65,000,000 per an
num. Adding the proportion of this item,
say $52,000,000 for the ten months, to the
adverse commercial balance, we are found
to stand debtor to other countries about
$129,000,000 on the ten months' transac
tions. The freight account upon our im
ports and exports is by no means unimport
ant, as two-thirdsof our trade is done in
foreign bottoms: but this is an item too in
definite to admit of estimate.
“The main contribution toward the liqui
dation of this balance consists of shipments
of securities. As, however, there is no
other record of these remittances than such
as exists in the private a consuls of the
-•Liiq.-.rs, it is impossible - » present any
accurate statement of this mi >vemen:. We
have taken some pains to ascertain the
views of prominent foreign bankers upon
the amount of this item, and »s those firms,
are accustomed to compare es tiwates, their
opinions possess considerable weight, and
may be regarded as very nearly correct.
The average estimate of these parties does
not exceed $100,000,000, Jor the ten
months under review representing about
$72,500,000 in gold. This, too, is proba
-1 bly an extreme estimate; and it is proper
to remark that it exceeds the figures sug
gested by firms who have sent out a large
proportion of the whole exports of securi-
ties.
“Some allowances should be maae for the
fact that a certain amount of our imports
are consigned here on foreign account, and
that the remittances against such consign
ments, after allowing for losses and
charges, are sometimes considerably below
the value at which the goods were entered
at the Custom House. But, on the other
hand, it is‘to be considered that, in some
cases, the amount realized upon this class
of importations exceeds their invoiced
value; and, indeed, it is reasonable to sup
pose that the consignments would not be
continued from year to year were there
not, upon the average, a profit to the con
signors. Nor is it to he overlooked that
there is a certain extent of under-invoicing
importations, in order to reduce the aggre
gate duties upon them ; in which cases,
the remittances exceeathe value entered at
the Custom House. ButagaiD.oa the other
; hand, there is an average profit upon our
consignments of products to other countries
which may be taken as setting off the
; profits upon foreign consignments to our
own ports. Upon the whole, then, it
would appear that the only items really
necessary to be taken into the account are
the imports and exports of produce and
specie, the indebtedness accruing it! the
way of interest upon foreign capital in
vested here, and tbe shipments of securi
ties. Above, we have presented the
figures representing each of these items;
and, if the estimate of the exports of se
curities cun be accepted as approximating
the truth, it would follow that, at the
close of the ten months, there was a net
balance against the country of about $60,-
000,000 in gold. This may seem a very
undesirable, nut to say dangerous,- con
dition of accounts. It is not, however, the
first time, within the last four or five
years that wc have found ourselves in such
a position. For the firsttwoyea.s after the
closeof the war our imports ran constantly
very largely in excess ot our exports; yet we
then found it practicable to settle our bal
ances by remittances ofseeuritie.s. Assuming
that the European money markets are open
to receive our bonds to as large an extent
as during late years of oyer trading, _ there
would seem to be nothing in this advance
to cause immediate uneasiness. Under the
ciieumstanaes, however, it is impossible not
to feel some solicitude as to the present
disposition of European capitalists to _in
| crease their investments in our securities.
| The latest advices from Frankfort repre
j sent a reaction as having set in upon the
1 Oohtiueptal Bourses from tiio i up spoeuia
| five excitement, and that the markets are
| well supplied with opr bonds; how far this
may proveto be temporary, remains to be
| seen. During the remaining two months
j of the fiscal year it is likely that thisad
i verse balance will be decreased somewhat
' through increased exports of breadstuff's,
| as our impaUg are now on a reduced
scale."
The Turner Investigation.
The United States Commissioner has
released Turner. This was to be expect
ed after the action at Atlanta. We should
like to have Judge Erskine’s opinion of
the matter, as he was present at the first
examination of Turner at Atlanta, when
Turner first appeared before the United
States authorities “subpoenaed” as a pris
oner. A well-authenticated rumor at
trbutes Turner’s release to instructions
from Washington, “based on policy.’ We
sboujd }ike to know what “policy” is
meant ? If Turner has promised to dis
close all about these counterfeit notes it is
1 well enough to release him as a witness
for the Government —“State’s evidence.”
We have always believed that he was but
the topi of others, who were the real
criminals that should be brought to jus
tice. But if the policy be to save the
| black wing of the Radical party in Georgia,
i why it is only another fiaud upon the
l - eople of the State and country. Douht-
I less Turner will resign.
New Elements in Politics.
An old and distinguished correspondent
of the Crtmnnati Gazette says that the
laments ot to—„ -allties are the wo
question.and the Roman Catholic question
pertaining to the use of public funds in
schools, &c. ( and looking to an established
church. The Chinese will settle all other
questions under the fifteenth Constitu
tional amendment, and the writer will see,
if Radical progress is continued, as begun,
the people clamoring tor a stable govern
ment, even though it should crush out Re
publican government by Imperialism. The
groat question of tha times is, will
Radicalism progress to Imperialism, or
are wo to maintain constitutional liberty
by a return to an honest observance of
constitutional obligations;? If there is any
thing more prominent than another in the
tone and bearing of the Northern press at
this time it is that the Northern people of
our “territorial Republic" have nearly
lost faith in Republican governments, and
their faith and confidence in each other
seems to be growing daily weaker and
weaker. Hardly a Northern paper comes
to us except it bo laden with open charges
of official corruption and revolting accounts
of terrible crimes. If this be the true pic
ture, what follows? Will it be Baris or
San Francisco on a “National” scale?
Immigration to the Southern States.
! The Committee on “Immigration Gene
j rally” in the Memphis Chinese Labor Con
vention, submitted a report on Wednesday,
in which they* deny that any part of the
United St 3es offers a better field for im
migrants than the Southern States, and
i declare that every ho iest immigrant, no
matter where he comes from, will receive
a cordial we! cme in those States. Os their
advantages the report says;
These States present an area of nearly
three-quarters of a million of square miles
of territory, and a present population of
! certab ly under ten millions. Asia is not
yet exhausted; Europe is not famished;
though in comparison of the territory and
population of their tillable and cultivated
countries, they support from twelve to
twenty times the number of inhabitants
that this great southwestern belt yet boasts.
Ours is almost a virgin country; and even
where the offspring of capital and labor
and toil have made it beautiful, they yet
but denote the riches to be gathered- It
is in -its youthful glory ; full of health ;
full of vigor; full of promise. The spear
of Ithurie! never touched a crouching
form with quicker ; esult than the iron hand
of labor and energy brings forth from its
luxuriant bosom. Spring time never suc
ceeded Winter, nor seed time harvest,with
greater regularity and surer result than la
j bor, industry and capital here obtain their
reward. Its natural resources too are inex
haustible as they are luxuriant; it has
mines and minerals to be opened and made
! available; it has l'orests to be converted
into money, or exchanged for equivalents;
it has rivers to be leveed, to rescue for
man what nature yet gloats over as a prey;
j it has bridges to be erected; towns to be
built up; cities to be adorned and improv
ed; the iron links of trans. ortation to be
i forged and put in place, by which travel
; and trade and commerce are made as much
daily and hourly work, as though the fairy
promise were soon to be r :: iz • of a girdle
put around the earth in forty minutes.
It is not merely to work the cotton field,
the rice field, or the sugar row, that the
South and Southwest invite labor and im
migration. These are important staples
of its production, it is true ; but thank
God, the future of the South does not de
pend merely upon the production of one
or two great articles of the world’s sub
sistence. It knows full well the law of
supply, and demand—and the over-pro
du tion beyond a necessary consumption,
will but diminish values. Important as it
is to produce cotton, sugar and rice suffi
ciently to supply our own people, and the
world that will trade for them, it is still ]
more desirable to develope every other
capability of our clime and soil, of our
enterprise and genius, of our mechanical
skill and industry, in diversifying labor, in
extending its realm of action, in render
ing more sure and available its just recom- j
pensc- Tnere are vineyards to be made i
to grow ; orchards to give forth golden ’
fruit; fields to be made to blossom with a
thousand natural products, for which its
soft climate, its lengthened seasons, its
scattered and yet profuse rains, its glori
ous dews, its invigorating sunshine, make ,
it so eminently the world's garden spot;
it wants to bring looms by the side of the i
cotton gin ; anvils to follow or accompany
the plow ; machine shops and improved
machinery to assist the arm of toil; and as
these improvements on the old agricul
tural system are so necessary and so bene
ficial, it wants the artizan and mechanic to
aid the miner, the engineer and the labor
er, in joint development of its resources. '
In the way of cereals, such as corn and
wheat, it can supply a continent; with its
grain and grasses, it can pasture flocks 1
arm . er Is enough fora hemisphere. There |
s no limit to its productiveness; no bounds :
to the wealth that labor can gather from
itsiap.
How the Government (Jets Its Gold.
In the I reasury Report for nine months I
ending March 31st, 1869, the value of j
goods imported or brought into tbe country
during that time is shown to be three hun
dred and throe millions five hundred and
eight thousand five hundred and three dol
lars. This sum is the aggregate of the
vaiues declared at the Custom Houses
where the Government takes its toll. It
is the sum total of ail the goods brought
into the country. The valuations are de
clared on oath by importers to be the true
values of the goods in gold. The Govern
ment accepts no other valuation than q
gold value and levies its tariff or tax in
gold npon imported goods to pay the gold
interest on it3 bonds. The gold revenue
thus derived is the sole gold resource by
taxation that the Government has at com
mand. For all other taxes the Government
receivesgreenbaeks. In all transactions,ex
cept paying interest on bonds and Foreign
Ministers’ salaries, the Government uses
greenbacks. The people pay the Govern
ment gold for their taxes on goods, and
greenbacks for all other taxes. The Gov
ernment pays gold to the bondholders and
“legal-tonder ’ greenbacks, and nothing
else, to the people.
It is plain, therefore, the greater
the amount of goods imported the
.greater the amount of gold that will flow
into the Treasury ; and vice versa, the less
the amount of goods imported the less
gold the Government will have wherewith
to pay the gold interest on bonds. If the
importation of foreign goods were to cease
altogether the Government would have to
cease paying gold interest on ’ bonds, be
cause its only source of gold revenue has
been dried up. These necessities of the
people constitutes the strength of the gold
bonds, one half of which are now held in
Europe.
Again, of the whole amount of goods
imported aooording to the last official
statement for nine months, twenty-eight
million one hundred and thirty-two thou
sand fivej hundred and three dollars, or
about ten per cent, were allowed to come
in free, What were thoso articles? In
round numbers twelve millions, or nearly
one-half was gold and silver ooin and bul
lion, and the remainder consists chiefly of
Dye Stuffs, Baiting Cloths, Raw Cot
ton, Guano, Plaster of Paris, Horse Hair,
household and personal effects of emigrants,
Linen and cotton rags and Raw silk. The
manufacture; 1 gets dye stuffs and cotton
and silk and horsehair, &c., free at duty,
&c. The farmer gets in his guano free ;
the emigrant his wearing apparel and
household effects free ; and nobody is tax-
ed for bringing into the country gold and
silver. This comprises the list of articles
upon which the government has levied. no
toll during the period covered by the offi
cial report of the Treasury Department.
Os the dutiable articles, amounting to
over two hundred and seventy millions
imported during (he period coyered by
the last official statement ending 31st
March,the following are chiefin building up
I the gold revenue, given in round
numbers ;■ Barley, five millions ; Cof
fee, seventeen millions; manufactures
of cotton, calicoes, &c., sixteen, millions;
drugs, &c., five millions ; China or crock
eryware, three millions ; fancy gqods, two
and one-half millions ; manufhetures of
flax, linen, &c., thirteen millions; uirn-
ufactures of fienpq eleven millions , man
ufactures of iron and steel, ninetoen mil
lions ; jewelry, four millions ; leather and
manufacturers of leather, five millions; pre
cious stones one and one-half millions ;
salt' (410,702,162 ■pounds), one million;
manufacturers oi silk, seventeen millions ,
salts of soda, three millions; spices, one
million; sugar and molasses thirty-seven
millions; tea, eight millions; tin and the
manufacture of tin, six millions; tobacco
and the manufactures of tobacco, tour mil
lions; wines, four millions; manufacturers
of wood, six millions ; and wool and manu
facturer,; of woo), thirty-eight millions.
Uv ‘Lcl. armm t*r nfoH » hflVft
revenue to the Government during the
nine months ending the 31st of March,
1869, according io the official Treasury Rer
port. it requires no discrimination io de
tect the fact that the strength of the bond
holder consists in the necessities of the peo
ple. How long can the people stand it ?
One thousand millions of Government
bonds have been exported and sold in Eu
rope to pay for goods since the close of the
war. When , will the exportation of Gov
ernment stocks cease)*
Toe Cuban Insurrection,
pearly eight months have now elapsed
since the standard of revolt was hoist
ed and civil war inaugurated in the
Island of Cuba—-the last American posses
sion left to the Spapjsh Government. The
war, when it first commenced, was confined
to but a very small portion of the Island,
and hostilities were conducted on an equal
ly small scale—resembling more a partisan
or guerrilla warfare than a great uprising
for National Independence. Up to the
present time the information received in
this country from Cuba, proves that the
character of the contest has not been very
materially altered, though its sphere has
been considerably enlarged. The Cuban
insurrectionists have as yet captured no
town ot any importance; they have posses
sion of no portion of the seaeoast where
foreign expeditibns coming to their assist
ance can be landed; they have established
no arsenal or depots of supplies; their
army is comparatively few in numbers,
deficient in.organization, poorly arrpedand
equipped ; and their fighting is confined to
an occasional skirmish in the mountains
with the Spanish troops op a raid upon
some unprotected hamlet.
It is true, however, that during the
past three months several expeditions from
the United States have effected a landing
and given material assistance to the in- j
surgenfs, in the way of arms, ammunition i
and military stores, and that, in the same j
manner, a few American officers and sol
diers have joined their forces and have
succeeded in ‘doing something toward dis
ciplining the Cuban mob, though much in
that quarter yet remains to be accomplish
ed. General Jordan has been placed in
command of the army and, it is reported,
has recently gained several victories in the
many skirmishes which take place. The
Spaniards, however, since Deßodas took
command, have been pushing affairs vigor
ously and claim that the insurrection is
almost ended. President Grant, too, has
hurt the rebellion greatly by his enforce
ment of the neutrality laws, and we need
not be astonished any day to hear that the
movement has collapsed and Cespedes and
Jordan are fleeing the garrote.
Leading Radical journals, which have
always espoused the Cuban cause, now ad
mit that the situation looks gloomily, but
promise that if the Cubans can hold their
own until the next meeting of Congress
all will be made well by the recogni
tion «f their independence. They claim
that the enforcement of the neutrality
laws by the administration, while it may
appear harh. is really meant to benefit the
patriots. The plan they say is as follows :
General Sickles, Ambassador to Spain,
before leaving this country received in
structions from the Secretary of State to
open negotiations with the Spanish Gov
ernment, immediately upon his arrival at
Madrid, for the sale of Cuba to the United
States. In order that his negotiations
may be as unembarrassed as possible and
good feeliDg be established between the
two countries daring their progress, fili
bustering has been, for the .present, sup
pressed. Should this course have no
effect; should Spain obstinately refuse to
sell their island-possession to-us, and de
bar its inhabitants from becoming subjects
of the “best government the world ever
»aw, why, then, the fiilibusters will be
turned loose and t ie other plan be adopt
ed- As soon as Congress re-assembles
the question of the recognition of Cuba
will be sprung in both Houses at once—in
the Senate by a “distinguished Western
Senator,’ and in the House of Repre- ;
sentatives by General Banks, Chairman
ot the Committee on Foreign Relations.
Whether the measure will pass Congress i
or not we cannot underlie to say—the |
Radical journals, aforesaid, claim that it
will, and by an overwholaing majority.
That the acquisition of Cubi is to be made
a p'arty measure, one wfich will crown
with glory the Radical alministration —
which has been losing groind of late—and
give tire party anew leise of political
power and political spoils.
Thus it will be seen that two plans have,
been laid to accomplish the annexation to
the United States oi the “ever faithful
isle, and their success cow depends on
Jordan, Cespedes, the cholera and the
vomito. If the two formei are enabled to
hoia their ground and pretent their army
from being annihilated until the negotia
tions ot Sickles shall have been concluded,
and if the two latter shall continue their
inroads upon the SpauiiL forces, then the
success of the “cause” n assured—Ameri
can gold or Americai steel will bring
tnem a release from the hated yoke of tbe
Mother Country. Bu; if the insurgents
allow their forces to he destroyed by the
legions of N almaseda tr Do Rodas, their
“cause’ will be buried too deep for resur
rection, even by negitiations or the bay
onet. Such is the jrogramme marked
out by the Radical kaders, and a few
mouths will show whether it is, or is not,
possible to carry it out successfully.
Terrible Tragedy as 3arsei!les, France.
One of the most feirful crimes which
has ever been committed in the South of
France, took place on the 27th ult., at
Marseilles. The following particulars of
the affair are taken from the local paper :
“About ha:f-past five o’clock yesterday
morning, as the workmen of the building
yard known as the Pharo, were proceed
ing to work, a terrible scene was enacted
in a hoteirestaumnt, kept by M. Bon
nefoy. Five pistol shots were heard in
succession, and immediately after the at
tention of the men was directed to the
spot by cries of blip and murder. The
house was entirely barricaded, and all the
keys had been hidden in order to prevent
any one from putting a stop to the execu
tion of the crime. A few courageous men
soon broke in the daor of the restaurant,
while some others got in by a .window on
the first floor, which had-been opened by
M. Bonnefoy. Here is what had taken
place a few minutes before.
About the hour above mentioned, Mad
ame Bonneioy had risen as usual and de
scended into the kitchen to make the
coffee; But, instead of lighting the fire
she went into the shop, where, with her
back against the door and a six barreled
revolver in her hand, she waited till the
rest of the family came down stairs. The
first person who presented herself was her
sister Annett, against whom she had lately
conceived a violent hatred in consequence
ol attentions paid her by one of the cus
tomers of the house, who, it turns out,
was Madame Bonnefoy’s lover. She had
no sooner descended the last staircase
than Madame, Bonnefoy sent a bullet into
her breast. Without stopping to look at
her victim, the murderess bounded up
stairs to the room where her own three
children were sleeping. She first approach
ed the cradle of the youngest, a boy of
five years. She bent down, put the pistol
to his heart and fired. The noise of the
fire immediately aroused the other two
children, whose bed was by tbe side of the
cradle, She again cooked her weapon.
“ ‘Mother, mother,’ murmured the
elder, ‘what are you doing ?’
“Do not be afiaid,’ replied tho wretch
ed woman, you have aothing to fear, all
the money will be i'oryou.’
“And placing the revolver near the other
child’s heart she fired, telling the elder
child to be off
“The boy went down stairs trembling.
The mother followed. On reaching the
shop the woman took another staircase
leading to the bedroom of hep husband.
M. Bonnefoy, aroused by the pistol shots
and the shrieks of the sister-in-law An
nette, had put on his clothes, and was
about to descend, when he met his wife.
Without saying a word, she raised tho re
volver and fired, sending a bullet iqtq his
stomach.
“Having finished her butchery the
murderess determined to shoot herself.
She had already resocked the • re
volver, and was holdiug it toward her
head, when her boy ran in the room cry
ing,
“Mother —oh, mother, what aye you go
ing to do ?
“• ‘Hold your tongue, will you’,-was her'
reply; T have spared y'ou, and you will be
rich:’
“Placing her finger on the trigger, she
fired, and lodged a bullet (q her awn head
and fell insensible on the ground. Medical
«rfo'M!u s m,? fc ohi?e d ffi^e d re th |u^ C ;
although all are seriously wounded. Ope
rations were immediately performed to ex
tract tfie bullets, but'in the eases of the
youngest child and the father the doctors
have not yet succeed*d, and it. is feared
that they cannot live long. The wretched
author of the tragedy is the least in danger.
The motives which ied to the crime ap
pear to be partly jealousy and partly re
morse. Madame Bonnefoy has for a long
time past led a very irregular life, Fre
quent dissensions in the family were the
consequence, and the girl Annette always
sided with tho husband. The day before
the crime a quarrel had taken place in the
restaurant between the ‘customer’ above
alluded to and M. Bonnefoy, at' which
Madame Bonnefoy was present. It was
noticed that the woman was touched with
remorse at her conduct, and, from letters
which she wrote during the night, it ap
pears she thereupon determined to make
a holocaust; of the whole family, including
her lover. Why she spared the eldest
child may bo easily conjectured.”
ODU TRAVELLING CORRESPONDENCE
On the Wing, July 23, 1869.
Editors of the Chronicle & Sentinel:
For two or three days previous to the
commencement exercises of -Emory col
lege, the trains on the Georgia Road were
crowded with visitors oomipg in from, all
parts of.the State, and by the dawn of the
Sabbath, the hospitable homes of the peo
ple of Oxford were well nigh filled up, and
the town assumed an air of life and social
joy equal-to such ocoasions in days of yore.
The Sabbath was calm and pleasant, not a
cloud to dim the sun that poured its floods
of light through the dense fortst that sur
rounds the venerable college building, but
everything conspired to the gratification of
the anxious emotions of the hour.
At 10 a. m. the tide began to flow, and
soon the spacious chapel was crowded wit!)
the most accomplished sons and daughters
of Georgia, assembled to Irar the wurds
of wisdom from Dr. Young, the able di
vine and gifted orator of Tennessee. His
text, was the 3d chapter and Bth verre of
Pbillippians. He did not come to preach to
JWesnor-, nor to the venerable clergy that
surrounded him, but the plain and practi
cal truths of the gospel to the young men
of Emory College. That was no place to
declaim against books, the languages,
mathematics or metaphysics; they were all
good in t'neir places, but the religion of
Jesus Christ was far better. The sciences
had no necessary connection with the
knowledge of Christ.
_ Salvation was not only essential to indi
vidual happiness, but to the peace and
prosperity of the Government. Under the
reien of infidelity, prance was one succes
sion of revolutions and bloody wars, while
Scotland, blessed with the highest order
of religious development, seemed jmprog
nably fortified against all the assaults of
these terrible foes to governments, institu
tions, and to man. He closed bis power
ful sermon with a most sublime description
of the eternal rewards of the righteous.
At 3 o’clock p. m. the venerable Doctor
Pierce preathed one hour and a half in the
church to a very large and attentive audi
ence. He remarked that it was one of the
fixtures in the Sabbath day commence
ment [exercises of Emory Coilege for him
to preach the _3 o’clock sermon. He
preached again in Covington at night.
The Doctor, now in his eighty-sixth
year, preaches with the unction and power
of one in the vigor of his days. I regard
him as a prodigy in American Methodism.
On Monday morning we had the
Sophomore prize exhibition. The
tions of the youDg men were well cboseD,
pertinent | to the times amt the occasion and
delivered in a manner highly creditable to
themselves.
The prizes were awarded by General
iydqjpt to J. F. Ronnel. of Macon, and J.
M. Fowlnr, of Demur.
0° Monday night I attended a meeting
of the Knights of Jericho, a temperance
organization, embracing principally the
young men of the institution. A couple of
the members delivered speeches maintaining
that the wealth, honor and genius of the
country was threatened by the vice of in
temperance. The young men of the col
lege were warned to shun the hideous foe,
and the ladies present exhorted to give the
influence of their example against the
winebibing saloons and fashionable par
ties that fostered an evil so disastrous to
public morals.
The speeches of the young men abound
ed with sound argument, solemn appeals,
and irresistible conclusions, and would
have honored much more experienced and
older heads, before public assemblies.
Such societies ought to be organized
and encouraged in all the literary institu
tions of the country.
On Tuesday we had a rare entertain
ment by the Junior class. Twenry-one
young men in succession graced the forum,
with original speeches that were hard to
excel. As to the beauty of style and man
ner of delivery, it-would be difficult to dis- I
criminate, where all aid so well, but I was
forcibly impressed with the speech of G.
E. Gardner, (and Butler, Gs., for the sub
ject of the “Pulpit and its relations to the
country.”
He maintaiued that the fearful increase
of vice and demoralization in the country
was the result of a defective ministry; that
wherever tee found the most spiritually
minded and zealous ministry we would find
the highest state of morals and religion;
that if periods following great civil revo
i lotions were favorable for the development
• of genius and principles of political econo
my, they should also be to morality and re
j ligion. He deplored the vanity and pride
| of literary attainments on the part of some,
and the absolute ignorance of others, whose
call was not by the voice of God, as evi
denced by their fruitless labors. No time
more favorable for gospel achievements
than the present, which would result but
for the stagnation of the University. This
unique addre.-s, though it partook with
seeming effrontery, embraced meaning
tsuths worthy of serious consideration.
„At 4 o’clock p. m. we were favored with
an address by Bishop Pierce, followed by
Dr. R. A. Young, of Tennessee, before the
Emery College Endowment Association-
I need not say that these distinguished
divines came fully up to my utmost ex
pectations. Methodism teas of collegiate
birth, its founder being a graduate of one
of the oldest institutions of Europe.
A review of the history of Emory
College, its struggles in the past, its pros
pects for the future, an able, eloquent and
powerful defence of denominational insti—
tuions as the harbingers of the Christian
civilization and refinement of the country,
was about the substance of these speeches.
On Wednesday, Commencement Day,
the spacious Chapel was crowded to its ut
most capacity. 1 suppose there were be
tween three and five thousand in attend
ance. The speeches of the graduating
class, twelve in number, were well con
ceived, thoroughly digested, and delivered
in a most graceful and effective manner.
The utmost silence and the very best order
pervaded the immense audience, the
whole attention of which seemed riveted
upon the forum and its actors, making
their debut to the world's battle of life
The Baccalaureate by Dr. Smith was
able and eloquent, full of sound and whole
some counsel, breathing a spirit that must
animate all our young men, il they would
ever a;tain the honors and rewards of
literary pursuits. As I hope this address
will be published and carefully read by the
public, I will not attempt any review of it.
At 4 o’clock p. m. the Hon. E. A. Nes
bit, of Macon, delivered the Annual Ad
dress bolero the Few and Phi Gamma So
cieties. His theme was Christianity and
Civilization. He well sustained his repu
tation as an orator for such occasions, and
doubtless made a good impression on the
young men of the societies. Judge Nes
bit is well known as a statesman, orator
and Christian gentleman, and few of his
class have a more unsullied character and
influence over the public. His speech was
followed by tfefe Benediction, which closed
up the very interesting exercises of the
institution. Traveller.
[communicated. ]
Political Philology, or Politics In the
Dictionary.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel : —Upon
seeing your notice of the new edition of
Webster’s Dictionary lor 1869, “thor
oughly revised and greatly enlarged and
improved by Chauncey A. Goodrich, DD.,
and Noah Porter, DD I was induced
to purchase a copy, desiring not to be be
hind in my knowledge of the progress
which is being made by invention and
amalgamation in our America-Anglo.-
Eaxon tongue. The title page to my new
purchase, this Revised Unabridged Web
ster's Dictionary, gave the assurance that
I had gotten in exchange for my money
an honest work. This assurance was
guarded by the titular affixes of those
wha were sot forth as god-fathers. To
each the formic Table capitals assign the
title of Doctor of Divinity. With each the
simple Southerner pre-supposes the high-
est attainment in morals, the most perfect
development of oonsoience and rectitude of
charaofc-r. Uprightness is the unexpressed
definition of the people of’D. D., or “Doctor
of Divinity. ’ ’ Neither cloak nor eoneeaiment
nor sinister design is expected from one
who authoritatively writes his name with
such distinction. Fraud of any kind,
whether ingenious as trickery or disguised
with subtlety, much less open, unblu-shing,
bold, bad, unscrupulous, lying fraud and
deceit, is not expected at the hands of those
who have received the imprimatur ofbeing
pre-eminent among good man, saints among
the qnsoiift.ed. In the present case the
pubiie had the right to expect that these
men, with singleness of purpose, unbiassed
judgment and a clear conscience, would
hnni.a/ltr rrn-i.p tSin. errors of im
his valuable work of the idiosyncracies of
the man and his theories ; enlarge it tu in
clude modern accessions to the language •
and improve it by a more perfect applica
tion of established principles in mechanical
arrangement for popular use. Now, what
ever these D. D.’s may claim for their
work, this much cannot fail to strike the
most casual observer of plain common sense,
unskilled and unpretending farmers’
such as I am. T hese D. D’s, instead of re
vising, correcting and enlarging this work
according to Webster’s principles, have
only used that honest old man’s name to
cloak their political theories. With in
genious fraud, and under the cover of their
sanctimonious titles, they pretend to give
us a Webster’s dictionary according to the
principles that governed Webster iu his
compilation. But. this is only on the title
page. Noah Webster’s name would make
the book popular; therefore, Noah Web
ster’s name would make the dictionary
sell; and hence the name was 'convenient
and profitable. But Noah Webster’s
name would enable them to cloak their de
signs to undermine public opinion. Such
an opportunity could not be foreborn by
such Reverend Holy Fathers in divinity,
called of God to preach Ohirst crucified to
a perishing wodd and called by their in
terests and profit to preach politics and a
Caesar. To show you, Messrs. Editors,
and through your columns to show the
public, that lam not severe in my strict
ures nor unjust in my criticism, permit me
to give you an example or two culled from
the work of these political doctors, of divini
ty. Noah Webster defines the Constitution
to be “the established form of govern
ment in a State, kingdom or country; a
system of fundamental rules and princi
ples and ordinances for the government of
a State or nation, In free States the Con
stitution is paramount to the statutes or
laws enacted by the Legislature, limiting
and controlling its powers; and in the
United States the Legislature is" created
and i’3 powers designated ly the Constitu
tion. ” This honest definition from honest
old Noah Webster is complete in itself,
covers all the conditions of all constitution
al governments, but bravely and honestly,
whatever his private opinions may have
been, defines (fie word constitution as un
derstood in ihe United States. Now turn
to our D. D’S revised unabridged. They
define “constitution” to be “the principles
or fundamental laws which govern a State
or organized body of men, and are embodied
or in written documents or implied in the
constitutions and usages of societies.”
Thus they lie by implication and practice
fraud and deceit, under the cover of their
sanctimonious titles. Nothing could be
more perfect thau Noah Webster’s defini
tion. It covers the use of the wo-ri ia
limited monarchies, but is careful to ’pre
serve the meaning “in free States,” The
attempt in the D. D, ’s revised and enlarged
edition is to conceal under a higher gene
ralization, the true design, and to mislead
the'public by including implications Jrom
Constitutions (the word itself) and usages.
This is an ingenious fraud, deliberately
ma le to undermine public opinion through
a work designed tor reference as standard
authority.
But to another example, and
this example has been brought to
my notice by my daughter, to
whom conversation gave . occasion
to make reference to the true
Noah Webster,
fit of Noah Webster. Congress
is defined by Webster so be “the
; assembly of Senators and Representatives
I of the United States of America, accord
ing to the present Constitution or politi
j cal compact, by which ihey are united in a
! Federal Republic ; the legislature of the
i United States consisting of two Houses, a
• Senate and House of Representatives.”
: Now this is exact truth. Nothing oould
|r e more plain. No definition could be
! more exact. It gives succinctly the na
ture and origin of powers aomprehentjed
Mb the word ana the law of existence.
Both Houses, created and governed by the
written Constitution or compact, constitute
a Congress in the United States. But
see bow our revised D.D’s steal Webster’s
old clothes and his fair fame to put forth
their political ideas, in utter disregard of
truth and common honesty, and dissemi
nate falsehood among the people.
These fraudulent D. D.’s define Cjugress
to be “the assembly of Senators and
representatives of the people of a nation,
especially of a Republics for the purpose of
enacting laws and considering matters of
national interest, and constituting the chief
legislative body of a Nation. ” Now, what
definition could emboly more fully the
modern idea of centralization? Substitute
titular names, and what definition couid
define more accurately the legislate charac
teristics of an empire? If this definition
be accepted as the true American idea,
which it purports to be, and goes to the
world as .being, does it not suit as well
Mexico in its fluctuating days on Empire,
or Imperial France? Is it truthful? U
it honest? Is it not conceived in fraud
and put forth in iniquity ? Why alter
Webster's definition? If such a Congress 1
as is here defined to be “the ehief legisla- j
tive body of the nation,” nyt as Webster >
says “created and governed by tec written
constitution or compact,” but as the will
of a “Nation” fa enact laws “of National
interest,” why may they not enact a law,
declaring an hereditary empire as was done
for Napoleon the Third in France? Why
should we not have an Euaperor at once?
But your space does not permit me to
pursue tiie subject. The contrast which I
have presented, between honest old Noah
Webster and Webster as “revised,” in the
two instances that l have given are quite
sufficient, I think, to prevent any true
Republican from spending his money in
the purchase of this political dictionary.
It is, at least, in this particular, an in
genious and cowardly fraud. It is put
forward in the name of an honest man,
who sleeps the sleep of the righteous, and
can no longer defend his fair fame by re
pudiating, with just indignation, the false
and fradulent administrators who have un
dertaken to defraud him, and, by the au
thority of his name, to cheat and deceive
and poison the minds of his countrymen
in the dissemination of falsehood.
Let our people take notice ! The re
ligious Radicals have stolen W T ebster’s
dictionary to propagate their falsehoods.
A Wilkes County Farmer.
tetter from Habersham.
Currahee, Md , July 17th, 1569.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel:
As these are the days of railroad sug
gestion, permit me to offer one. In your
valuable paper of yesterday, I see two
routes to Rabun Gap, by Athens and the
river route. 1 have nothing to say of
these, but suggest as far better, the ex
tension of the Washington brach via El
berton, Hartwell, up the Read Hollow
Ridge to Locust Stake gap, by Tallulah
Falls to Ciaytou. Now lam positive this
route would better fill the hill for a cheap
and paying road than the route by Athens,
and equally as positive that it would be
cheaper to build ’ this road than one by
the river route. There is a continuous
ridge from Elberton to Locust Stake Gap,
which will scarcely cross water. This is
the ridge between Broad river and the
• Savannah and Tugaio. I am informed
that Mr. Brisbane run in a former survey
the line through Locust. Stake Gap and
reported that it was the most practicable
route through the whole chain of these
mountains. The whole route I suggest
would shorten the line many miles, save
much money. Y. D.
From the Charleston Nsws.
THAT NINE MILLION JOB.
MORE LIGHT UPON THE OPERA
TIONS OF THE BLUE RIDGE RING..
THE PERQUISITES OH A RADICAL
GO VEREOR.
The Amount of the bids for Completing
the Blue Ridge Railroad—Character
and Responsibility of the Bidders— Is
Governor Scott interested in the Con
tract f—lnformation for the People.
Columbia, S. C., Tuesday, Juiy 20..
TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEWS.
Since the arrival of the News of
Saturday containing the expose of the
machinations of the Blue Ridge Railroad
Ring, his Excellency Governor Scott has
been as cross as a bear with a soar head.
No wonder. It is not pleasant to have a
profitable little game held up to public
seorn; nor is it any consolation to know
that there is a good chance of one million
of dollars (which his Excellency expected
to make), slipping through one’s fingers.
The whole Radical ring here was struck
dumb with astonishment when it was
found that Scott intended to gobble up so
big a share of the party spoils. The un
derstrappers are mad, and Scott will either
have to go snacks with his followers or
make another contract in which there will
be less room for stealing.
GOVERNOR SCOTT’S REPLY.
I do not know whether Governor Scott
intends to attempt any reply to the ques
tions so pithily put by the News. You
might have saved yourself the trouble, in
any ease. No one can disprove the main
allegations of my previous letter; but in
order to satisfy some of the Quid Nunes
here, 1 will say a few words in regard to
the amount ofbids of the different con
tractors, the responsibility of the different
persons offering to do the work, and the
reasons why I charge Governor Scott with
having a pecuniary interest —direct or in
direct—in the contract awarded to Cress
well (orCrissvill, 1 don’t know which)
Patterson and Sellers.
■ THE BIDS.
I have before me, as 1 write, a detailed
statement of the fir ice at which each part
of the work was proposed to be done by
the different’ contractors. This you can
have ifyou want it. At present, I will
Deis or "entiVi" diu t * ‘ 1 ' —
J M Christy & Cos $10,200,000
Dudley, Bardwell «Cos 9,250 000
Cresswel), Sellers & Cos 10,000,000
D Tyler & C 0... 8,750,000
J A Hunt 8,250,000
B D Basel! &Cos ..... 7,600,000
J D Champliri & Cos 8,300,000
Engineer’s estimate 7,900,000
These are not the exact figures, but they
are near enough. Now, I contend that
Christy’s bid was only put in to be higher
than Cresswell & Sellers’ bid. It was of
fered by a Mr Kelly, representing Christy
& Cos., who, after the ring was exposed,
was charged to his face t>y Mr. Champlin
with being “interested” in the bid of Cres
well & Sellers. Kelly appealed to Colonel
Low, chief engineer of the company, to say
whether Christy’s bid was not a bona fide
one. Colonel Low made no answer. Kelly
then denied that lie was “interested” in
Cresswell & Patterson’s contract. A few
minutes before he had told another gentl j
man that he had an interest in Cresswell’s
contract. So much for Christy.
.As I have already said, the amounts
given sjiow tneoriginal bids. When Scott
told the contractors that the bonds must
not be touched, and that money must be
found to carry on tne work for nine or
twelve months, those wli had not b<?en in
the secret (that is all but Cresswell & Cos.)
claimed the right to modify, their bids. All
of them put in second bids, except B. D.
Hasell, who joined in with Champlin. The
second bids rar> about ten per cent, higher
than the first bids, except Champlin’s,
which was iinfreased very little, if at all,
leaving it by far the lowest offer. Mind
you, all the contractors were now on the
same footing. But what did Scott do?
He deliberately proposed to Cresswell &
Cos. to take the contract at about $9,000,-
000, and they consented to take it. Here
are the. naked facts. The work, by chi
canery and double dealing, is given out at
$9,000,000, and I assert here, and it can
not be gainsaid, that the whole work *an
be done, and done wedi, for seven MIL
LIONS cash, or a half mil
lions in firr,t. mortgage guaranteed coin
bonds, There is about rwo millions of
dollars profit, to be made as the job
stands. .What will be Scott’s share ? As
his time is short, and he has o*bo» irons
in the fire (State bonds, bank bills, land
sales, &c.}, he maybe satisfied to take only ;
A .MILLION! Who will now say that Scott
is good for nothing/'
As Oreswell & Cos. reduced their bid
from niu.GoO.OOO to $9,000,000, a corre
sponding valuation must be made in the
charges for iron, &c., contained in my first
letter. This would bring the irpn down to j
about $l2O per ton—only S3O, a ton more
than ihe price at which it can bo delivered
at Anderson. There is % proportionate
difference in the charge for chairs and
spikes, which will stand at twelve cents and
thirteen and a half cents a pound, costing
about five and a half cents in New York, j
WERE THE CONTRACTORS RESPOND RLE j
PERSONS ?■
I will tell you all 1 know about tbe
firms which offered to Jo the work.
Os the firm of D Tyler & Cos. General
iyler is the head, ami it was represented
by his son, who was formerly Superintend
ent of the Macon and Western Railroad,
and lately of the Fniladelphia and 'Erie
Railroad. General Tyler has for many
years been connected with public works
as a contractor. Mr. Edgar Thompson,
president W the Pennsylvania Central
Railroad, has generally been conno;t,d
with General Tyler, and would, it is be
lieved, have been interested Ya the Blue
Ridge coptjaut.
, °f North Carolina, is said to
be highly responsible as a contractor. He
was present himself, and was also repre
imnted by Major Gulick of this place. Col.
i Rhilds, ot this city, can, I believe, give a
j satisfactory account of Mr. Hunt and the
urge interests which he represents.
. fr U llascii, now of New York, is a na
tive of Charleston, and comes from one of
the best families in the Slate. On leaving
college he chose the profession of civil
engineer, and has for more than twenty
years been connected with railroads and
other public works. Mr. Hasell was Chief
Engineer of the Quincy and Toledo Rail
road, Chief Engineer and General Super
intendent of the New Orleans, Jackson
and Great Northern Railroad, and of the
Memphis and Ohio Railroad, and during
the war was President of the Charleston
and Savannah Railroad. For the past
two years he has been General Ageut of
the Great Southern Freight Line via
Charleston’ S C. Mr. Hasell has the
highest testimonials,is a first-rate engineer
and can make as close ao estimate of the
value of work as any man in tbe country.
He had good backers in New York, and
could have given security for twice the
amount of the contract. lam told posi
tively that Mr. Hasell’s bid was rejected
because “it was so much lower than the
other bids.” I say that it was rejected
because Scott was not a partner in the
concern.
J D Champlln has been a railroad con
tractor for many years. ‘He built tbe
Memphis and Ohio Railroad, did consider
able work in Louisiana, had a heavy co n
tract on the Noith Missouri Railroad, ;,nd
is now carrying out a large contract in New
Jcrsy. He brought letters from promi
nent bankers in New York and had a let
ter of introduction to Governor Scott from
General Sherman. No use. Dr Scott
was not in the shop.
The only person of whom I can learn but
little are J M Christy & Cos., and Cress
well, Patterson & Sellers. They are be
lieved to be Pennsylvania men. As I said,
Christy’s bid.was a mere blind.
I think 1 have made it very clear that
that were four responsible contractors who
offered to do the work at from $1,000,000
to $1,500,000 less than the price at which
it was awarded to the Pennsylvania firm
of Cresswell, Patterson & Cos. This is
enough for my purpose. It is not neces
sary to rub it in.
ANOTHER REASON WHY.
One big reason why Scott preferred
Cresswell to any other man, I forgot to
mention. Mr Champlin proposed that the
$4,000,000 guaranteed bonds be deposited
with a National Trust Company in the
North, so that they could uot be touched
by the contractor or the Governor until
the proper time came. Cresswell & Cos,
on the contrary, said that they were will
ing that the $4,000,000 should be lodged
in the hands of Governor Scott and State
'Treasurer Parker. Cresswell & Cos took
the contract.
WHY SCOTT MUST BE A PARTNER IN THE
CONTRACT.
I have not seen the documents, and do
do not know what the figures are, but I
say that Scott is to have a plum out of the
Blue Ridge Railroad pie, for these reasons:
The work could be done and was offered to
be done at seven and a half millions, and
was awarded at nine millions; Cresswell &
Cos. were allowed to negotiate with Scott,
while theother contractors were not; Cress
well & Co.’s bid was not accepted, but
Scott told them they could have the job
at nine millions, and they took it; no simi
lar opportunity was given the other con
tractors ; Cresswell & Cos. were in direct
communication with Scott, and squatted in
his back office the day the bills were open
ed; lobbying, whispering and riding about
with Cresswell & Cos. was going on all the
time. These are my reasons, and they
satisfy me, as I believe they will satisfy the
people of the State, who remember the
manipulation of the State bonds and the
bills of the Bank of the State, and who
know that there is only one way in which
a man can make hundreds of thousands of
dollars out, of thirty-five hundred dollars a
year. Who would not be the Radical
Governor of a Southern State ?
FIAT JUSTITIA.
1 have said my say, and said it without
malice. This whole government is a plun
dering, pilfering Ring, whose aim is to
make money quick, no matter how. 1
know it, and you know it. My only object
in writing these letters is to show up one
of the biggest jobs on record—a little
brother of t e Pacific Railroad job , and
to ask whether even our present Legisla
ture will allow Scott to have full swing,
and pile upon the State a load of debt
which no people can bear. Ido not be
lieve that their stomachs will stand it, and
if this be so, then will Creswell, Patterson
& Cos., and their silent partner, come to
unmitigated grief. The tax-payer must
remember that every million of dollars we
spend represents $70,000 a year in taxa
tion. They can readily see that $10,000,-
000 for the Blue Ridge Ring means an addi
tion of fifty per cent, to our present taxes.
This is the whole matter in a nut-shell.
The Phoenix to day, pitches into Scott
very handsomely. I leave to-morrow for
the mountains and shall not be back for a
fortnight, when, if necessary, I will again
present my respects to his Excellency
Governor Scott. Lux.
Fearful Tornado and Destruction of Life
in Minnesota.
Sauk Centre Correspondence of the St. taut Vioneer
July 10.
In the town of Raymond, on the ex
treme west of this county, the storm was
more furious than here. It came from a
southwesterly direction, and was accompa
nied with thunder, lightning and rain. It
commenced about J o’clock A. M., and
was at its extremest fury about 2, during
which the lightning was nearly incessant.
A house in Raymond, owned and occupied
by a Mr. Richard Richardson (a well to do
farmer, formerly o! Riee county), was com
pletely destroyed. This house was’what
is called a briek-house, 16 by 24, with the
cornices dove-tailed together, and pinned
at the corners and iu the centre with oak
pins, two inches iu diameter. There were
ten persons in the house at the time, and
all were more or less injured. The details,
so far as I have been able to learn them,
are as follows : Mr. and Mrs. Richardson,
with oue child of 18 months, were sleeping
down stairs in toe northwest corner of the
building; the balance of the family and
visitors were up stairs. Almost instantly
the building was uoroofed, and the logs of
the building, with the’inmates of the cham
bers, went flying over the prairie. The
oldest son, John, 21 or 22 years of age,
Wd§ fern ally? amTreceiveS
severe internal injuries. The second son,
George, 13 years of age, was blown 30
rods, hau his right leg broken, and was
very badly bruised. The third sod, Wiliie,
three years old, was carried 20
rods, and was picked up afterward
dead and fearfully mangled. A
Miss Anna Wilson, who was teaching
school in the district, and at the time was
up stairs, was carried 37 rods, into a wheat
field, and when found was surrounded
with trunks, barrels, Foxes, etc.,.from the
'ower floor. She was seriously injured in
ternally, and may not recover. Two small
children, sleeping together, up stairs, were
wound together in their blankets by the
force of the wind, and strange as it may
appear, carried a number of feet from the
building, right in the direction from which
the wind came, southwest, and when found
were unharmed Mrs. Richardson, dur
ing all the time of the tornado, sat in her
bed holding a child of 18 months in her
arms. She was scratched some.what about
I the faoe and head, but otherwise received
no injury. The child was unharmed. Mr,
Richardson was not even scratched. A
young man by the name of Liberty Bay
mond, who had stopped over night, was
blown thirty six rods, and had both legs,
one arm and his neck broken. The storm
comirtg from the southwest, struck the
'building on the corner and leveled every
thing to the ground, excepting some logs
on the northwest corner, behind which
stood the bed of Mr. and Mrs. R chardson.
Aside from these not a log could bo found
within from twenty to forty feet from their
former resting place. Os everything up
stairs; excepting the bodies, not a thing,
not even a bedstead, or a piece of one,
oould be found withirf one mile of the
house. Physicians were on hand at an
early hour, but thecase if of the suf
ferers is hop#!@a*,
Foreign Items.
Tbe Empress of the Fren ;h has sent
2,000 francs to the Yacht Club of France to
be distributed in prizes.
The Empress of the French has accept
ed the Sultan s invitation to visit Constan
tinople, on, hst Way to Suez.
The oavpenters of Leipzig are on a strike,
anu denaami out? thaler per day, which the
masters refuse to accede to.
The claims instituted by the Bourbon
family against the government of Italy,
in reference to the decree of confiscation
issued by Garabaldi in the year 1860, have
been rejected by the civil tribune of Na
ples.
-the. forest of Elzula in Spain, between
Algestvas and Gibraltar, has just been de
stroyed by fire over a space of 50,000
acres. That country abounded in game,
and was a favorite shooting ground for the
officers of the garrison on the ground.
It is reported that the King of Prussia
v s s< ? nt a ver T friendly communication to
Napoleon desiring to know his views re
specting the Schleswig question, and hint
ing that the views ot France would be con
sidered in the eventful settlement.
At the recent breakfast given at Ruck
ing ham Palace, in London, to the Viceroy
of Egypt, blue coats, and gill buttons were
worn as full morning dress.
Twenty-two Russian spies are reported
to he in Turkistan, dressed as fakirs, and
it is said that the Russian trosQu arc pre
paring to march toward Khokam and
Koian.
. T' ae French Government has officially
lnfcime j the Court of Rome that a special
ambassador will be sent to attend the ap
proaching council.
The colieges throughout France are to
be provided with Chassepot rifles, so that
the students may become accustomed
to the handling of arms, and relieved at a
jater period from the preliminary exercises
of the National Guard Mobile.
A weekly journal is announced soon to
appear, under the title of ' Social Economy.,
and which will be published at the same
time in Paris, London, Germany J New
York, and which will he the organ of the
D iTv rija i7? Da Workmen's Association.
The Kl/Mlderadatech, of Berlin, has the
fol.owiog caricature on tho comparison be
tween the States and Europe:
Representatives of the various European
nations are sifting their respective treas
uries, when the figure of the United
States appears to them, bearing the fol
lowing telegram :—“New York. The na
tional treasury has increased by tea mil
lions of dollars siqcQ the beginning of
June. One of tin; European Finance
Ministers—“ Such fellows as those ; why
they have not even a standing army and
still want to have their say.”
1 urnivs FOR Pigs.—A correspondent
! of the Country Gentleman planted a lew
acres of turnips which were large enough to
' begin to feed the first week in July, when
I they were fed to pigs, and no other feed
given until the laat week in September.
No lot of pigs could have done better, grow
ing and keeping in good condition all the
while. He does not advocate cooking
white turnips for pigs under any circum
stances. They are only fit "for them raw
in warm weather. Steamed Swedes are
good mixed with plenty of tueal, but po
tatoes are so much better that half the
meal mixed with them would feed as fast.
AGRICUL'i u- ; -<
HOUSEHOLD AND Col a; 7,7.
Take care of your plow, and your plow
will take care of you.
Ihe Maine Farmer recommends giving
pigs good rock salt twice a week in their
rood.
sixteen pounds of grease and lye from
one barrel oi ashes will make a barrel of
soap.
Dry copperas strewed about ant nests will
induce them to leave and not return. So
says one who has tried it.
The farmers generally of Addison co.,
Vt., are storing their wool, refusing to ac
cept the present low prices offered.
The chirrup of the cricket is a sign c f
fair weather, but the cry of the tree-toad
indicates rain.
A dairyman informs the Maine Farmer
that haying tried various things for sore
teats on cows, he finds lard bo :, the most
healing and softening.
Able-bodied Chinamen work in China for
about two dollars a month, aid are glad
to get that. They are comir . re to try
their iuek as farm hands.
Sow ten bushels per acre i 1 and ashes
on your wheat field at the tin ,■ \ sowing
the seed. Scarcely anything would be bel
ter. Scatter by hand, broadcast.
An English farmer, by picking over his
seed-wheat with the utmost care, and
planting a grain in a place, at intervals of
a foot each way, produced 162 bushels to
the acre.
To protect cabbage plants from cutworms
take last year leaves—oak is good—make
moist with water, wrap once around the
stem, when transplating, extending from
roots to a little above the leaf stem.
No paint, we believe, withstands “the
tooth of time” better then Venetian red.
There are houses in some country towns
painted red so long a time ago that the
memory of man runneth not to the contra
ry, and they look tresh to this day.
To keep bugs from melons, pumpkins
and cucumber vines, mix flour of sulphur
and fine coal dust together, sprinkle the
vines with water, and dust, them with this
mixture. It is death to all bugs.
Make your land as rich as possible, and
then when the weeds show themselves, ap
lily the following compound, viz: Brains,
all you have to spare; muscle, all you can
muster. This method is not patented.
Experience proves that grasses should
be cut for hay wheujhe staiks are in bloom.
The best time of all, both for clover and
other grasses, is just when in full bloom,
and the earliest biossoms are beginning to
fade.
One cause of the abundance of orrel on
our farms may fairly be imputed to iis
seeds, which are introduced in the grass
seeds, thatare sown. And not only sorr( 1
seeds but others, which spring up and infest
the land and plague' the fanner.
It is an unusual thing to make starch in
the Spring,.but so plenty were the potatoes
that more than 1100 busbels were carried
in a single day in May to the factory of Mr.
J. Page, Charleston, Vt., who has made
twenty-three tons of starch, using 5548
bushels of potatoes.
The Independance Beige mentions that
experiments, ranging over a period of 26
years, prove that salt mixed with all kind-;
of manure tends to increase the power oi
production in the ratio of 250 per ;eent.
Common sea water, where easily obtainable,
is equally efficient.
In consequence ofthe instinctive appeti o
of the toad for living insects, a rapid diges
tion and capacious membraneous stomach,
capable of remarkable distention, toads are
very useful to the gardener by protecting
his under vines from nocturnal depredu
tions.
The West Milton Cheese Factory.is now
using 13,000 pounds of milk daily, from
some ofthe best dairies in Vermont. Many
of these dairies have native cows which
average thirty, thirty-one and thirty-three
pounds daily. The factory is turning out
each day twenty-one and twenty-fivo
cheeses, averaging about sixty pounds
each^
No one can succeed in farming on
prairie without capital! “Where shall kho
poor go?” to a timbered country, where,
upon your own land grows the timber to
make your own fencing and your own build
ings; where you may, if vou arc not proud,
even erect your own dwelling without any
outlay, except for the nails which taek it
together.
A Western horticulturist has “discover
ed” that grape cuttings on a sunny aud
sandy slope root earlier than elsewhere,
and he proposes to get out a patent to pre
vent ethers from using soils thus favorably
situated. He has also “invented” a cellar
ci the right temperature and moisture for
preserving vegetables, &c , and proposes to
patent that also.
Mr. W. W. Qlushor, of Madison County,
Indiania, has a Magee sow, that has given
birth to sixty-nine pigs In a little less than
twenty-nine months. They were dropped
as follows: January 27th, 1867 „i,. v . ...
December 25th, 1867, sixteen; June lutii'
1867, nve ; August 22d, 1868, eight; .J t ‘-
uary IJth, 1869, thirteen ; June 15th 1869
sixteen. ’ ' ’
It is not generally known that v/001-grow
mg in South America has grown into such
mammoth proportions as it really Iras.
Even the Australian breeders Lave cause
for alarm from this competition. Itjis report
ed, on good authority, t.hattbe number of
sheep shorn there annually exceeds 70,000,-
000. Ihe exports of wool to Europe and
the United Otaes amount to 230,000 000
pounds.
An ordinary hot-bed is a capital place
for drsiag fruit. A floor is laid inside on
wh»n to place the fruit. Then put on the
sash, but be sure to raise both the upper
and lower ends about two inches, to admit
of a free circulation of air, or the fruit will
hiute as it would in an oven. Here the
fruit will not be wet in a shower, nor will
it be troubled with insects, which will bo
kept away by the covering and (he intense
heat. Forboiled greeo corn cus been sufil-
ciently dried in one day, in this way.
The ergot of rye is a grain which, by the
presence of a small fungus, becomes differ
ent in appearance from an ordinary grain
of rye, and possesses medicinal and poison-,
ous properties which arc among the most
remarkable of those known to medical
men. Other grains arc known to be simi
larly changed, and it would not bo at all
strange to find that-lndiaa corn, when it it;
attacked by a lungus growth, is deleterious
in a marked degree.
The superiority of factory cheese over
that maauikytured at home, lies in the fact
thal every process throughout is done well,
or, in the vernacular of cheese-making, the
curd is “well, cooked.” There is” now
some degree of competition between rival
factories to obtain the largest number of
pounds of cheese from a given quantity of
milk; so that it is not always the case that
the whey is fully, cxpieased. Such cheeses,
prematurely sour arid become unfit for the.
table. Private dairies may yet, therefore?
bear off the palm.
it is possible to burn gun cotton fr, the
palm of the hand without the least danger
a delicate balance in the pan ol ni«-ii gun
co: ton is exploded, does not swing from its
noise. The same quantity r.f eun cotton,
it it be pressed into a cavity explodes with
a force equal to that of uiUo-g/yoerine, and
ten times greater than that of gunpowder,
provided it be ignited Ly percussion in the
same way as nitre-glycerine. This discov
cry mayenarvj us to employ gun cotton up
a substitute for ritro-glyeerine, and as the
danger oi f reezing or of premature explo
sion is avoided, it may prove to havomany
advantages over olber explosive agents.
How to Keep Butter 8 m eet \ cor _
respondent of the Rural World says: “It
is the easiest thing in ihe world. Simply
put it m clean jars, and cover with a strong
brine. I his will keep pure butter a year,
fresh ami sweet, as we kno > by experience.
It w almost equally good to put i„ o uk
casks, headed tight. This ts equivalent to
canning fruit The brine in the case of the
li r ., a v t3 .. as R fefcauin#?, keeping the air out.,
laiK butter should be made well; we have
never experimented on poor butter. Work
o? 1 j > buttermilk till you have only pure
oeadn clear as rain-water; but do network
so much as to break the grain, in which
f as . c ;y° u have a tough, heavy article in
in Winter, and grease in Summer. Such
butter we advise no one to try to preserve.”
A : Raid on Counterfeiters and a
Big Haijl of Counterfeit Money.—
i Owing to certain suspicious circumstances
1 connected with the house No. 30 David
I street, the residence of a woman pamed
i Mrs. Catharine Roberts and her family, a
very strict watch has been kept upon it for
i some time past, and yesterday morning,
| behoving the time had come to strike, a
: special agent of the Revenue Department,,
accompanied by -nine of the and puties of
the United Su. Marshal Hike
made a descent upon tbe ... " 1
question. They entered the house about
half-past ten o’clock, and found there
Mrs. Catharine Rohorts, Charles Marion
Roberts, Fidelia Warden alias Neville,
Melissa Roberts and Edward C;ark Rob
erts. The parties were arrested at once,
and the house was ransacked, the search
resulting in the discovery oi a large
amount of counterfeiff money in treasury
notes and fractional currency. There were
about $5,000 in twenty dollar bills, $3
or more in ten dollar bills, the rest coqf
sisting of fifty cent pieces. The counted
feits were all dangerous, tne engraving
being executed in the best style oi art.
The parties were brought before Com
missioner Hailiday, who. after hearing «e
evidence, decided to boll them for tail,
fixing the bail as follows : J
Mrs. Catharine Roberts, $8.000; (Jar.
M. Roberts, $3,000 ; Fidelia VV arden bias
Neville, $J,00O; Melissa Roberts, S3J)O
and Edward Clark Roberts, $3,900.
Bail in the required amount was |iven
in each case. m
Job Printing.—ls you want JeQ’rint
ing done at very cheap rates cal|it the
office of the Chronicle & Smitnel.
Business cards $4 per thousand.