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©ltrouicle & J'catiurl.
W KIOKSDAI MOKSINtt. OCTOUKK 2*.
Agent for Oglethorpe County.—
Mr. T. M. Hair is the authorized agent of
the Chronicle & BE.vn.vEL at Lexirgton,
Oglethorpe county, Ga.
Chinese Labor.
A Mr. Desha Smith, of New York, in
quires of Koopmanschap, the wholesale
dealer and importer of Pig Tail Laborers
through his San Francisco House of Koop
manschaps & Cos., something about
Chinese laborer*, and if he can be sup
plied with twenty laborers. Koopman
schap & Cos., in their published reply, say
at pres nt “they can only furnish by
the car load;’' but “as soon as arrange
ments are perfected” they “might be
able to furnish said laborers to work on a
plantation under a three to five years con
tract at SB.OO to $12.00 per month and
foundthe expense of bringing the
laborer, $200.00, to be borne by the con
tractor, one-halt of which is to be held
as a lien and a penal sum upon the wages
he pig-tail laborer, to be deducted from
his wages in case of nonfulfillment of his
contract.
Where Mr. Desha Smith’s “ plantation ’
is wo are not informed. Such an interest
as “a plantation” is not common to the
region of New York; the presumption is,
therefore, that it is “somewhere down
South.” If there be such a “plantation”
“ran by Mr. Desha Smith of. New York,”
and it is not at all unlikely, because we
know of many “plantations” run by Now
Yorkers within the limits of our own State,
it is a very plain inference that at least
Mr. Smith—this Mr. Smith—is dissatis
fied with the present system of labor
“down South” and seeks other labor—
Chinese labor—contract labor which is ex
pected to bo steady, reliable, without
change during “three or five years,” and
labor that shall have a fixed compensation
of $8(«il2 per month, not fluctuating, not
changing in a month, or during the year, or at
best at the end of every twelve months ;
but a fixed, invariable labor for a term of
years. Now this is the character oflaborthat
is needed. This the character of labor that
approaches that labor—slave labor—which
has been world-wide condemned and over
thrown by force of arms at the South; but
which, nevertheless, did the world great
good, and brought Southern agriculture to
a degree of perfection as to surplus products
not hitherto attained by any agricultural
people in any ago or any portion of the
globe.
It may be reasonably inferred that Mr.
Desha Smith, if he be a New York
“planter.” and not a Now York advertis
ing “teaser,’’--and all the planting Smiths
of New York who have within the last
four years undertaken “to run” cotton
plantations on a large scale, have learned
this much; have been made to suffer in
the flesh and in the money purse—many ot
them with great severity until thoy learn
ed this great fact in cotton culture. The
land would yield the cotton. There was
no doubt about that fact. There had been
no change in the seasons, for their experi
ment covered seasons that had been most
propitious among those that had been
unpropitious. Prices current wero all
that could bo desired under any reasonable
calculations, and yet, among the “plant
ing Smiths” the product was not what it
should have been, and the profit a mini
mum below current rates of interest, if
there was profit at all, to escape from a
Lugo positive loss. Ask any of the
“planting Smiths” that have “run farms”
and the invariable reply is the cause of
disaster was and has been the defects of
the free negro labor system, especially its
ephemoral nature and slothfulness; and
the reply is given with a multiplicity and
particularity as to the details in husbandry
that will overwhelm the inquirer.
It is, therefore, wise in the Smith plant
ing family to endeavor to regain their
losses by the introduction of new labor. It
would be pleasant could this evil be over
come to realize a “cotton planter’s” in
como— for the elder planting Smith, after
semi annual visits during the mild sun of
Wlnlnr nv A"*’.".. aU_ J.ll.luua a.,. Ol
Autumn, at seed time and at harvest, (o
talk of my plantation down South, and to
roalizo the splondid profit of four aud five
bales to the hand; while all the little
Smiths and the Madam would rejoice
“Walking down Broadway” asking the
prioo of cotton, and “What do you tkink.of
my hat”—or enjoying “Champaigne
Charley” in the drawing room, with rose
tinted Out glass at the dinner table of a
Fifth Avenue brown stone front- But tho
question is, can John Chinaman bring
about such a Fifth Avenue millennium ?
This is a problem we leave to Wall Street
and the planting Smith family ot New
York to solve.
Tho evil or defect in our labor system is
common to both our planting Smiths, of
Fifth Avenue and Madison Square, and
our own struggling farmers. But oan
Koopmausoliap remedy it ? We know
that many of our planting friends have
decided in the affirmative. It is said that
orders ior 30,000 pig-tail laborers, to be
come citizens under the Fifteenth
amcnduiont.havo been sent forward, chief
ly from the scacoast of Carolina and
Georgia; we hear that fifty have beon or
dered lor Greeno county, fifty for Wilkes,
ono hundred for Columbia, one hundred
for Hancock aud fifty for Baldwin; with
any number of house sorvants for towns
and villages. But wo confess we fail to
fiud inducements in the arguments for
Koopmansehap's project either as to politi
cal policy or as a desirable remedy. We
neither estimate negro labor so low as Mr.
Parker Pillsbury aud his Radical confreres
of the Independent after five years experi
ence, nor as high as Mr. Chas. Sumner with
no experience, but with olap-trap philan
thropy of “man and brother.” But we
do think the uegro valuable in his sphere,
to be made efficient according to his natural
capacity; we do confess our predilection for
the Southern negro as against the subtle
pig-tail rat-eaters; aud see-nothing but an
Amerienn-Chinese steamship company
specnlation in Koopmansehap's proposi
tions.
It seems.however, manifest destiny “that
this wither Radical experiment” is to be
tried, and that the Paeifie Steamship Com
aDy is to reap profits; and the Pacific Rail
road Company are to reap profits and the
Koopmauschaps and Burlingames are to
reap profits. But we see no [profit
in the Georgia farmer paying the
whole expense of the transmigration
of S2OO in advance —taking the whole
burthen of fho experiment, with the sole
security of reaping an uncertain recom
pense from the wages of an inchoate
American pig-tail citizen and Josh wor
shipper, with no “fugitive” free labor
law to guarantee faithful performance of
the contract, nor personal effects to sustain
a verdiot for damages.
We fear that the introduction of such
labor will bring a war between the yellow
man and the black man, which will make
our land a pandemonium; making great our
weakness instead of adding to our strength
and prosperity.
If we are forced to have emigrants, let
it be of our own raee as citizens, not as
hirelings- Blood is thicker than water,
and white is not a fifteenth amendment
color.
Bat as between the Southern negro and
the opium-eating coolie, we are tfank to
say we prefer the African whom wa have
redeemed from barbarism.
Oglethorpe Superior Court.—This
Court, Judge Andrews presiding, has
been in session the entire week just closed.
The business, we are informed, has not
progressed as rapidly as could be desired,
although Judge Andrews pressed it with
the energy and dispatch for which he is
noted. Messrs. Toombs, Dußose, Reese.
Hill, Lewis, Barrow and many other dis
tinguished legal gentlemen have been in
attendance.
“The Golden Dream of the Sunny
South —ls the title of anew work placed
on our table last night by Mr. Joseph
Brummel, of the firm of Messrs. Hewitt &
Cos, wholesale liquor dealers, Augusta Ga.
It.Lsa very able and interesting work. Get a
copy.
11 KLtS toms.
BULLOUiv’SDETECTIVE IN COURT, j
——
KKKNAGHAN DISCHARGED FROM
CUSTODY.
WARRANT FOR FALSE IMPRISONMENT IS
-BCED.
TIIE CAPTOR CAPTURED.
In the Chronicle & Sentinel of Fri
day morning we gave an account of the
arrest of Mr. Robirt Kernaghan, of
Hamburg, South Carolina, by a Special
Ye.:;enger sent to Columbia by Bullock
for that purpose; and also the arrest of
Pettis, the Special Messenger, in this city
on Friday night on a writ of habeas cor
pus issued at the instance of a friend of the
prisoaer, Mr. Henry Key, by Hu Honor
JoLaC. Snead, Judge of the Ciiy Court.
The writ was made returnable Saturday
morning at ten o clock in the Superior
Court Room of the City Hal!, and at the
hour appointed the interest taken in the
proceedings had caused a tolerably large
number of spectators to be in attendance.
Os course all the parties interested in the
transaction were present—Pettis, Bul
lock’s Special Messenger, or Detective,
the prisoaer, Mr. Robert Kernaghan, the
petitioner, Mr. Keys, and MeLaws and
Gamh!, petitioners’ attorneys. His Ex
pret .eleccy’s detective is a heavy built,
bullet-headed individual, and resembles an
Englishman very much in personal ap
pearance. His countenance wears a
look of intense stupidity, aud his actions
did not give the expression tho lie; for he
was cither frightened to death, or is else
entirely destitute of sense. He looked as
if jest awaking from a dream, and it
was aard work to make him comprehend
his position.
A* two o’clock the Court was opened
and Maj. Gauahi, of counsel for the peti
tioner, read the returns made upon the
writ by A. R. Shaw, county Constable, and
Isaac Livy, City Sheriff, showing that
proper service had been rendered-
In answer to a call for a return to the
writ, Wdiiarn Pettis, the detective, re
plied that he had no return to make.
Mj. Ganah! then moved that the pris
oner, Robert Kernaghan, be discharged
from custody, as the" Messenger could show
no reason for his further imprisonment.
,„ILs Houor Judge Snead announced
that the party upon whom the writ of
habeas corpus had been served had made
no legal return to the same. That he had
informed the said Petris, when applied io
by him upon the subject, that he could not,
consistently with his duty, give him any
legal advice about the matter, farther than
infoim him that he must make his return
to the writ under oath, and that he wou id
now so instruct him again.
At this stage the proceedings were in
terrupted by the arrival of a messagsr in
Court, who brought Pettis a dispatch from
Atlanta, sent by Robert Paul Lester, the
Governor’s Secretary, in reply to a tele
gram Pettis had sent asking for instruc
tions, saying that instructions for his guid
ance w juld be sent to him during the day.
Pettis here getting over his scare a little,
wished to exhibit to the Court his papers
and the dispatch which he had just ro
ceivj 1, but tho Court declined to examine
them as they did not constitute a legal re
turn to the writ.
M.ij. Gauahi said he proposed to read a
oertiii and copy of tho discharge of
Mr. Kernaghan by Judge Boozer,
in Columbia, South Carolina, on
last Thursday, but the Court also declined
to hear it road on the ground that it was
not necessary.
Judge MeLaws, counsel for the defence,
repeated the motion made for the discharge
of the prisoner from custody, as no author
ity for his arrest and detention had been
shown to the Court in aoeordauee with tho
requirements of the law. Whereupon the
following order was taken for his discharge,
signed by the (Jour*, an i ordered to be
entered upon the minutes:
In Chambers, October 23d, 1869.
In R> : Henry Key Applicant for Writ of
Habeas Corpus, Ac. :
It appearing upon tho return of tho ser
said Robert ancTone"' YvVij?
Pettis, on whom the copy of said writ was
served, being before me, and the said
Pettis having been instructed as to what
the law was and his rights and duties
thereunder, declined making any return :
Therefore, upon morion of counsel for
petitioner, it is ordered that the saidllobt.
H. Kernaghan be discharged from the
custody uuder which ho has been held,
there being nothiug offered by way of re
turn by the person having him in custody
showing the legality of his detention.
It is ordered that tho said Pettis pay
the costs of this proceeding.
Givoifunder my hand and official signa
ture tLis 23d day of October, 1869.
John C. Snead,
Judge City Court.
As soon as the discharge had been grant
ed aud the oourt had adjourned, anew
phase was given to this interesting case by
the arrest of Pettis, by County Constable
Shaw on a warraut issued by Justice J. L.
Ells at the instance of Mr. Henry Key,
charging the Governor’s detective with the
offense of false imprisonment.
As soon as he had boon arrested, the
prisoaer was carried before Justice Ella,
who, at Pettis’ request, pospoaed a hear
ing of the ease until three o’clock P. M.,
in order to give the accused time in which
he might employ counsel and receive ad
vice from Atlanta, tho detective to remain
in the custody of the constable in tho
meantime.
At throe o’clock in tho afternoon quite a
large crowd assembled in the office of
Justice Ells to hear the preliminary ex
amination in tho case of Pettis for false
imprisonment. Messrs. MeLaws and
Ganah 1 appeared for tho prosecution and
Maj. J. P. Carr for the defence. Two wit
nesses, the firmer prisoner, Robert H.
Kernaghan, and hisbrothei, Thos. Kerna
ghan, both testified, .the former that he
had been discharged from custody by
Judge Boozer in Columbia on Thursday,
anil had been re-arrested immediately
afterward on Bullock’s requsition; that on
Friday morning he was carried to tho oars
by Pettis and brought to thu city against
his will; that he was brought to this city
by Pettis and kept in duress here until
taken from his possession by Constable
Shaw ; that Pettis was taking him to
Atlanta also against his wishes the latter
that he saw his brother in the custody of
Pettis whilst they were in this city. The
def nee offered no testimony except a
requisition lrom Bullock on Scott for the
body of Kernaghan, whom the requisition
states is charged with the murder of
Ruffin in this city last November.
After argument had been heard on both
sides, Judge Ells decided that there was
sufficient testimony adduced to warrant
the binding over of the prisoner, and that
he should require bond in the sum of five
hundred dollars for his appearance at the
next, term of the Superior Court to an
swer the charge of false imprisonment.
Eagle and Phoenix Manufacturing
Cos., Columbus, Ga.—Mr. J. O. Mathew
soa has been appointed agent for this Com
pauy aud wi'il sell the goods to the trade at
and actory prices.
Virginia State Agricultural Socie
ty —The annual fair ani cattle show of
this society will be hell on the Fair Grounds
near Richmond, on the 2i, 3d, 4th and
sth of November next.
We acknowledge the receipt of an invi
tation to be present on the occasion.
The Illustrated Family Friend.—
Attention is called to the advertisement of
the Illustrated Family Friend, a monthly
paper published at Sparta, Georgia, by R.
A. Harrison & Bro. at the low price of $1
per year. The premium packet-gift to
each subscriber is worth more than half
the price. Mr. Harrison, the junior pro
prietor, is now in our city, and will call
upon our people in the interests of his
paper.
.it 1 Printing.—ls any of our mer
, i sli or professional men want first class
priming done, we invite them to call at this
office. We are now prepared to and& work
as cheap and as good as any other office in
the city, having secured the services of
competent and experienced workmen.
Ike Salvation of the Sou li.
The Nc-w York World, in its last i.-sue,
draws a gloomy picture of the financial '
ruin now impending over the country, but
suggests the means of salvatioQ for the I
Sonth. 1t says :
The eventuality of ruin impending over:
all operating on the greenback basis of 1
prices can be averted from the Southern
States by their operating on the gold basis,
as California and Texas are doing. The
Southern States can demand gold or its
equivalent for the cotton it raises. Let
every planter in the Southern States sell
his eotton. if he chooses, for greenbacks,
but iet him convert those greenbacks into
gold, simply because his’ surplus capital,
when in gold, is of a tangible and recog
nized value in the civilized world. With
this gold surplus realized from the cotton
crop, let the Southerners organize banks
with gold capital to transact a business in
gold funds precisely as before the rebellion.
In conjunction with these banks establish
ed all over the Southern States, with gold
capital and a gold basis, let them establish
also in New York a bank called, say, “The
Southern Bullion Bank,” with a subscrib
ed and paid up capital of $5,000,000 in
gold, with the power to increase to $25,-
OOU.OOO, as the correspondent or agent of
aii the Southern banks on a gold basis.
The bills of exchange of this “Southern
Bullion Bank” on a gold basis a3 before
the rebellion, both domestic and foreign,
would command the highest possible credit
in the markets ot the world. This “South
ern Bullion Bank,” being free from all en
tanglements or old cancers from the wild
speculations and losses of the last ten
years, and being essent ally American in its
character and policy, would command this
markot for bills toany extent it might choose
and would also stand among the highest, if
not the very highest, in Europe. If the
Southern States wore to inaugurate buying
and seiiing in specie,as in Texas and Califor
nia, aod paying thoir negro labor in gold
or its equivalent, then they might eman
cipate themselves from the bondage of the
Legal tender act which the Republican
party has fastened on all the United States,
excepting the loycl State of California,
which has always, from the first, consist
ently ignored and set at defiance the R:-
pub.ican Legal tender act, with all its pro
visions. Let the Southern States adopt at
once the gold basis for all contracts. This
is done even now in California and Texas.
What California and Texas are doing can
be done also by any other St rie in the
Union that chooses to do it. They are,
then, practically on a specie basis. In New
York city, tie foreign bankers and import
ers of coffee, teas, wines and brandies have
transacted all their business since 1862 on
a gold basis, just as before the rebellion.
One foreign banking house has never
swerved one particle from the gold bapis,
from the time gold was selling at 100 J to
290 until the present day, and one partner
is now living in Paris, a member of one of
the loading banking firms in that city,
probably possessed of more lastiog riches
than thoso who have coquetted with
greenbacks and their seductive specula
tions. If the Southerner'- establish their
alfairs on a gold basis, with banks to do
their business as before the rebellion, they
can easily make those banks the savings
banks or depositories of the negro
laborers’ surplus by issuing ten dol
lar certificates of bapk shares, and paying
regularly 6 per cenf per annum, in quar
terly payments of percent., besides the
i i-xtra dividends annually which the hanks
might earn. The negroes, by these means,
would acquire habits of saving their money,
and a self-respect which would elevate their
character as laborers and citizens. In the
Northern States, the deposits in the sav
ings banks are about $250,000,000. In the
Southern States, the deposit) ought to be
at least $20,000,000 per annum from the
negroes, and S4O 000,000 to $50,000,000
per annum in gold from the surplus profits
of the cotton, sugar, and tobacoo planters.
It is plain from these figures that, if the
Southerners were to start this season by
doing everything on a gold basis, they
would become before many years the rich
est and freest community the world ever
saw. Having no paper currency, but sim
ply bank certificates of deposits ot gold,
they would naturally and by a law in
finance drain the Bank of England, the'
Bank of France, and New York, of the sur
plus gold which these cities at proaeut hold.
As regards the political situation of the
Southern States if they possessed wealth
sufficient, of which there can be little
doubt, there would be do trouble in obtain
ing from Washington any legislation they
may require. Ail the legislation, however,
that the Sou hero States need is “to be
let alone.” We presume the luxury of be
ing “let alone” might be purchased on
favorable terms, it not cheaply, from a
Congress which did not hesitate to prosti
tute itself to the “wooden-screw” impo
sition on the peotda of the Un ted States.
Legislation at Washington is simply a
question of cash..
The National Capital Removal Ques
tion.
tv,_ -p ..... . —we presume, nave
ever thought or cared much about the
question of the removal of the Federal
capital from Washington city; neverthe
less the question is being seriously agitated
by the people of the Great West, of ail
shades of political opinions, Radical, Re
publican aud Democratic, and to an extent
not easily estimated under our present
intercommunication, except by those who
by chance or by reason of our growing busi
ness relations with the West are brought
in contact with that people. Within New
York, of which Washington is a depend
ency, is the seat of light and power. But
not so, or as yet not so much so, is it with
the inhabitants of the great valley of the
Mississippi and its tributaries. They feel
and discuss openly their wants with the
confidence which the possession of political
power gives, and in expressions that be
tokens the design t ) use that power at no
distaut day.
The citizens of Washington prefer a
memorial to Congress exhibiting their un
easiness as to prospective removal, setting
forth their isolation, the implied obliga
tions of the Government to purchasers
of real estate and the hold.rs of
property, their poverty by reason
of the limited territory of the Fed
eral District, tho grievance that the
Government ho'ds more than one-half of
tho city free from taxation, and memorial
izing Congress to either aid them in de
veloping certain railroad communica
tions, important for the stability of
their interests, or to place the government
of the District of Columbia under the laws
and government of Maryland, Massachu
setts or aDy other model State. This me
morial furnishes the evidence that the
people of Washington are alive to the im
portance of putting a full stop to an agita
tion which threatens to dispoil the ciiy of
magnificent distances of its only boast, the
pride of being the Federal capital, and to
seek its suppression by prompt Congres
sional action, which will remove the
grouiis upon which this agitation is
predicated. Ferhaps in this day of profit
and loss legislation, their action is not a
minute too soon. Washington by the
great West is considered but an
appendage of Wall Street, and Wall
street views shift or are trans
ferred upon an inducement. Wall street
will trade with Chicago, or St. Louis, or
Cincinnati, or Louisville, regardless of
“implied obligation Band , ’’and contract for
the erection of new capita! buildings, or
the transfer of the existing pile for a con
sideration. In the meanwhile, it is do
good augury for the Washingtonians to
iisten while the question is discussed
philosophically by that section which holds
the political power with reference to the
centre of territory and population, nor to
find itself stripped of that other power
of sympathy or seDtimant or "chivalry,”
as by the following quotation, the Courier-
Journal of Louisville says :
In most countries the seat of government
is regarded with a certain pride and favor
by the people. This cannot be said of ns
and oar capital. There is no city in Amer
ica which has so few friends as Washing
ton. Nobody is proud of it. No-
Nobody seems to feel any regard for
it. It is cut off from the rest of the com- i
munities of the Union, and whatever posi- |
tive sentiment that exists is of a contempt- j
ions or hostile description. It was so before ■
the war, when the city was conspicious for i
many agreeable qualities, and it is so now j
when most cf the old attractions have been ;
shorn from it. war there was
a strange desire at the South to barn it.
At present there is a strong desire in the ;
West to give it over to bats and owls, j
Congress heeds it not. It is isolated, alone. I
Its beautiful avenues, its splendid public |
buildings, its political consequence, its j
promise, are nothing. It falis between two ,
atools. To the Radicals it is a nest of rebels. !
To the Democrats it is the scene of aii i
manner of partisan violence and oppres-1
sion. It has no commerce. It has neither
representation nor constituency. Its only j
features are its polities and its corruption, j
for which it is in nowise responsible.
The talk about removing the capital
from Washington to some point which is
more central does not amount to much
except as it indicates the prevailing sense
of discomfort arising oat of the extent of |
our territory. It is really the outcropping
of future, perhaps distant, but yet inevi
table geographical, local, sectional revolu
tions. Government is of oonrse primarily
settled by geographical lines and popula
tion. Give the valley of the Mississippi
one hundred millions of people, give the
Pacific States fifty millions of people, give
the Northwest fifty millions of people, give
New England and the Middle States sev
enty-five millions, and we should have aud
ought to have four or five separate nation
alities. _ This is the destiny of the Ameri
can Union, albeit a destiny so remote as to
be hardly worth our speculation. The
South was premature. It did not have
the population. The necessity was not
urgent enough. But it is manifestly hope
less, and we think it is equally wicked and
profane, to look to establish on this conti
nent an empire of three or four hundred
millions of human beings, all governed by
a raob of Congressmen from Washington
city.
There may therefore be a reason, lying
dormant, away down in the popular heart,
an incredulity, a want of confidence, an
idea cf instability, a suspicion of ultimate
combustion, which will account for the in
difference of the people toward their own
capital; and whether this he a reasonable
conjecture or not, it must be many a yerr
before there can be any positive sense of
pride in the beauty and respectability of
the city which is named after the first citi
zen.
The old families of Washington are
slowly disappearing. Some have died out,
other* have removed elsewhere. Now and
then a stray remnant may be met with—
solitary and almost effete—h din one of the
departments or wandering about the su
burbs. The stranger, who knows BOthing
of the original community feels this
instinctively. There is a melancholy
suggestion, a faint daze, of by-gone
splendor, cut off in its prime and en
gulfed beneath the wave of agrarianism
which has rolled in upon this unfinished
aud once ambitious capital, and one can
not roam much about the town without
experiencing an uneasy sensation of tread
ing upon skeletons that may at any time
start up and rebule intiusion.
The present inhabitants arc evidently
alarmed. Thoy are not quite sure but they
will waken some inomiug, like the Saltan
in the story, and and the Palace of Alad
din—Capitol, WhitWHouse, Patent Office,
Treasury, ail—gone, vanished, dissolved
amid the clouds of tho setting sun, far in
the West. T 1 eir present appeal is practi
cal enough. But it arises out of a vision,
it is the impulse of a prevailing and not
an unreasonable superstition. Stroll about
the city on a Summer night, when the
Winter throng has receded back into the
States ; hear the lonely fountains trickle in
the public grounds ; see the wan and scat
tered lights glimmer here and there; meet
the watchman moping dismally : observe
the desolate streets and yet more desolate
hotels ; mark tho shipless river and the
dreary canal with its bridges that lead no
where and connect with nothing ; note the
rickety and Fqualid market-place, the
tumbio-down lodging houses, the shabby
shops, and the shadow and t:■ e fear typi
fied in the sombre and stagnant character
of the municipal government. They can
not fail to influence the imagination of
those who have po interest in the place
and who view it from a purely philo
sophical stand-point.
This memorial will secure nothing. It
is one of a thousand which have preceded
it. They are all treated alike by which
ever power stems to be in power. Who
cares for Washington ? No one at ail.
There is no one to love it, none to caress :
and Sambo is in the ascendant, and all the
old blades are worn off or rusty like the
blades of a Barlow knife—
" Curious anti-climax to thy dreams,
Twenty golden years ago.”
The Colored Labor Convention,
This Convention having been duly or
ganized at Macon, Ga., have appointed,
through their President, special commit
tees, consisting of four delegates on each
of the following subjects, to-wit ; Manu
factures, Blacksmiths, Carpenters, Nation
al F ’inancc, General Labor, Masonry and
Brickwork, E location, Professions, Out
rages on Laboring Men, and Commercial
Interests.
It is intimated that ths committee on
National Finance will memorialize Con
gress to compel, the withdrawal and pro
hibit in future tho issuance of “currency 1 ’
of the denomination of SSOO and SI,OOO,
and intermediate sums; and to pass
the law requiring the Secretary of the
Treasury to expend annually the revenue
from customs, over and above the amount
that may be necessary to pay the interest
on the public debt, to redeem with silver
coin all fractional currency under the de
nomination of five dollars, and to can
cel and barn said currency so soon as re
deemed, its circulation being a fraud and an
imposition and an outrage upon the labor
ing men of the republio.
If this intention be correct it will be
CUITOUB to ooservC uvn Ovugiuoo a,ia ?j
Secretary Boutwell will take tho sugges
tions of the Committee on National
Finances of the Georgia Colored Labor
Convention. The financial proposition
seems to amount simply to this, that the
Government shall not give all the “hard
money” derived by customs revenue to
the foreign bondholder, but shall divide it
proportionately between the laboring men
and the bondholders; and prevent brokers
from making small Dotes scarce in order to
realize a shave on the large ones.
Such suggestions, if the source- be no
bar to consideration, would appear to have
been a point well worthy the scrutiny of
both Congress and tho Honorable Secre
tary of the Treasury for tho Government
of the United States.
Reconstruction Depicted.
Mr. Horace Greslsy, of the New York
Tribune, the great Republican, Las written
a very solemn letter to Samuel L. Tildec,
Chairman of the Democratic Executive
Committee of the city of New York, earn
estly protesting against election frauds in
the great metropolis, and invokiog, as the
power of an autocrat, the co-operation of
the aforesaid Chairman for their effectual
suppression. In the body of this earnest
letter H. G. says—right loyally and truth
fully—that “whenever it shall bs generally
understood that the results of elections are
not determined by the ballots of legal
voters, but by frauds in voting or frauds Id
counting, then the advent of avowed, une
quivocal despotism must be near at hand.
Between tho rule of an emperor and the
rule ofa clique of billot-box stuffers, every
intelligent man must prefer the former
as less rapacious and more responsible.
When honest citizens shall avoid the polls,
asking “What is the use of voting ?” The
result “is already fixed,” the days of the
Republic will be numbered. Between a
ruler who prohibits voting altogether and
the gang who make it a sham by filing the
ballot-boxes with illegal votes, cr mis
counting those actually cast, the sway of
! the former is every way preferable.”
| There is a Scriptural injunction figura
l tiveiy represented by a “beam” and a
“mote,” which, however large hearted,
j Jeff. Davis bail-going H. G. may personally
1 have observed; yet which Horace Grcoley,
Esq., the Great Republican, in address
ing the Chairman of a Democratic Execu
tive Committee, cannot escape the charge
j of having most grossly violated; if not di
rectly, at least indirectly, by “aid and com
fort” powerfully and effectually given.
, Thi • Republican beam is “Reconstruo
! TION.” By it, fraud and iniquity has
I bi-c-n wrought, confidence almost destroyed
: and wholesale robbery effected and justi
fied. This fraud has not been confined to a
single city or community, but covers the
area of ten States, jeopards the interests
of several millions of people struggling from
the depths of prostration, and is and has
been sust lined by bayonets and enforced by
men utterly destitute of common honor,
common honesty, and most frequently of
the commonest virtues. The results of the
Reconstruction elections that have passed I
were “not determined by the ballot of legal j
voters, but by frauds in voting j
and frauds in counting.” Honest citizens j
“were f reed'’ to avoid the polls ; i
“the rule of the clique of ballot-box j
staffers” was omnipotent under the coun- ;
tenance of the highest authority of the“na- ;
tion;”and underthe protection of the same 1
authority “the gang” who made the bal- !
lot “a sham by filling the ballot-boxes with J
illegal votes” and by “miscounting those;
actually oast,” received as rewards the
highest honors at the command of the Re- :
publican party. This much for what has !
passed; bat the work is not yet finished, j
It is still going on in three States. Almost I
side by side with this earnest, solemn
letter is tbe bold announcement, j
by the New York Tribune, that “Mis
gissippi and Texas are required to ratify j
the Fifteenth Amendment as a condition
of Reconstruction.” Whether in the Union 1
or out of the Union there is no tree ballot j
in these States. The result of their elec
tions are foreordained; and will be perfected ;
by the same class of men and for the same :
purposes as those, that have been (
accomplished. How s it possible
then, in this latitude, aibft we are loath
to believe that “ the dayiof the Republic
are numbered,” to resist I. G.’s logical de
duction that “ the adwut of avowed
unequivocal despotism nrst be at hand ;
or to hesitate “between the rule of an
Emperor, and the rule of a clique of baR
lot-box shufflers” as "every intelligent
man inust prefer the fomer as less repa
cious and more responsihj.”
This is the RepublicQ beam which
should first chadsnga Mr. Greeley’s
highest consideration. It is in the
eye of the body peiiti as composed
by the Republican party. Afterward the
“mote of Horace Greefiy’s “Babel” will
be more easily removed b; the co-operation
ot the Democratic Cbainmn of ararumercy
Park.
The Senatorial Kiectloi In Tennessee.
The country at large h-.s been taken by
surprise at the announceoent of the defeat
of ex-President Johnson mi the election
of Judge Henry Cooper, cf Davidscn coun
ty, Tennessee, to the Seoite of the United
States. The demand for the election of
Andrew Johnson by tho Northern Dem
ocratic press has been long and prolonged;
and apart from Mr. Johnson’s political
popularity and acknowledged ability,
there has existed a very general popular
desire to see the ex-President with his un
rivalled power in debate, fortified by his
executive experience, io the Senate. It
was thought that he would present a re
freshing insight into the profit and loss
legislation, analyze critically rogues’ ac
counts however artfully balanced, and
dissect the nervous system and measure the
volume of Congressional patriotism with
such nicety and so critically, that a fibre
would not be destroyed norac atom escape.
The defeat of Mr. Johison is attributed
to a coalition between the friends of the ad
ministration and some “'ebs” to whom the
ex-President had refusrd pardon, and has
been effected, notwithitanding the strong
combinations which vere said to have
been made prior to the election, to place
the ex-President’s election beyond perad
venture. Johnson’s defeat may, there
fore, bo styled “(Jraat’s revenge,” on ac
count of a little late “unpleasantness ;”
and is attributed to a coalition between the
“friends of the administration” and tho
aforesaid “rebs” to whom President
Johnson refused “pardon.”
Judge Henrj Cooper, Senator elect,
who resides near Nashville, is said to be
a man of sterliig integrity, but is better
known as a juris than as a politician.
Another Lock Ip Expected.
The telegraph has announced that
another “ Lock up “ of currency at New
Yoik is to be expected. Along with this
announcement tlere comes “rumors” that
cotton will be forced down to twenty cents
per pound before Christmas, and tho fact,
that small bills are scarce and large ones at
a discount. As some twenty-five millions
in gold are to be paid shortly from the
Treasury of tho United States, interest on
bonds, it is fair to presume that this is not
to be a Fiske Corbin affair ; although tho
precise article to be bandied in this battle
door and.shuttle-cock currency game, is not
apparent. The visible effects of a “Lock
up ” are, that farmers lock up their small
notes and with them, their crop on hand —
trade b oomes dull. Sight exchange in
New York is at one per cent discount, and
general .discontent (frequently very em
phatically) expressed about the India rub
ber currency system of Washington and
Wall street.
Tho Ohio Legislature.
The Cincinnati Enquirer gives the com
plexion of the Ohio Legislature as follows:
In the Senate there aro
Regular Democrats 18
Regular Republicans 17
County Reformers (Hamilton county)... 2
Total 27
The “Reformers,” or Fusionists, were
elected in opposition to the “Regular”nomi
nations made by Republicans; but it will
require the votes of both to give the Senate
to the Rapub'icans in party questions.
In the House of Representatives, the
ctrnmrili nf ts estimated as follows:
Regular Democrats 54
Regular Republicans 52
County Reformers (Hamilton county)... 5
Total 11l
In this body also the “Hamilton County
Reformers” hold the balance of power;
bat it will require only two of them to vote
with the Democrats to carry the majority
to the Democratic side, while four will
be necessary to the Republicans, for party
power. Cincinnati is the county seat .of
Hamilton eounty. It may be fairly infer
red, therefore, that Cincinnati will control
the tone of political legislation in the on
suing Legislature, it is worthy of note,
that the complexion of the Ohio Legisla
ture in 1848-49 when a couple of Freesoii
ers held the balance cf powor, made
Salmon P- Chase United States Senator
by giving the Democratic party nearly
everything else. The precedent may be
not without point for the future. So far
as the indications that can be derived from
the press goes, the popular demand in
Cincinnati is a National system of free
banking and Southern railroad connections.
KU-KLUX OUTRAGE IX BURKE CO.
A Negro Murdered -A Sensation Item
for Radical Newspapers, etc. , etc.
Burke Cos., Ga., Oct. 18, 1869.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel:
The following is a correct account of a
murder which was perpetrated in thi j
county on Friday evening last, 15th inst.:
, Two negroes in the employ of Dr. H. I).
Torbit, of this county, named Tom Ilarral
and Peter Brown, met at the store near
tho Doctor’s dwelling after they had quit
work, and were handling, each, a double
barrelled gun, when Peter remarked to
Tom: "Tom I’m gwine to shoot you,”
and deliberately shot Tom’s brains out,
tho muzz'e of the gun being within a foot
of the head of the murdered man when he
was shot. Some of the other negroes on
the place say they had heard Peter threat
en a time or two lately that he would shoot
Tom the first chance he got, but did net
think he was serious, as no one knew of
any misunderstanding between the two.
Tom was about twenty two or three years
of age, and formerly the property of Elijah
Ilarral of this county. Peter wrs four
; teen the 12th of August last, aDd formerly
| belonged to the late George Gough, of
this county.
! An inquest was held and a verdict re
' turned in accordance with the above stated
; facts.. Peter ran off after the murder, but
; has since been arrested and committed to
| jail- W.
! oriae ceoobiclx ,t «u..)
Letters to the Young Men of the South.
LEITEIt I.
A Word at the Start.
! Actors of the coming day, attend I The
i present is too much ridden by the tyranny
|of the p ist. The things that were done
j in other ages are of little value to you and
11, except in sc far as they can aid us or
| instruct us concerning the living wants of
I the present or the hopes of the future.
| And yet at every step in the history of the
world, a thousand absurd traditions have
1 steadily resiated genius and closed up the
! gates of progress. The past, august as it
is, is really past. Its ignorance, false doc
trine and prejudice abide with us longer
than its wisdom, and the memory of its
glory. If men’s minds'were only free to
think, act, and speak, untrammeled by
priest-craft, party lineage, and vain regard
for what is dead, the world would move
faster, and a lifetime be crowned with
more of honor and greater results.
We must consider the past, not for its
own sake, but solely for what it is able to
give or to teach. Its deeds are dead. But
its results and its lessons are ever in the
living present. We are the heirs of all that
the past has gained. But still we are its
judges, the correctors of its error, and the
performers of that which the past has j
failed to achieve. With reason for our j
guide, and with free thought for our j
watchword, we contemplate all that the j
supreme human mind has carved for itself j
out of the realms of night. But our an- t
cestors shall testify, not dictate. Our an- j
cestors that burned the martyrs—our an- i
cestors that knew not the triumphs of
modern science—let these come down to
us not as rulers, but at least as equals- I
We must cut ourselves loose from 1
ail that trammels our freedom, from all
that has no real claim upon us.
Because our fathers or the whole land
of our fathers entertained a certain opinion
must wo close our ears against argument ?
Must we, indeed, be the slaves of the
past? No man is really free who is not
ready to accept anything which his reason
approves, to reject anything which his
reason condemns. There are few free men
in the world tew whose opinions are not
controlled by tneir priesthood, their party
leaders, or by their own prejudice and
fears. Most men reiect, without a hear
ing. everything which even appears to run
counter to their church creed, their party
platform or their pitiful worldly interest.
In the coming articles I shall not hesitate to
trample upon anything which I believe to
be false, however tsacred fools may con
sider it.
Some tell us we must take things upon
bond faith. And so wo must when they
are things which we cannot understand.
. things which wo can understand
this faith no longer applies. Faith is to
be used where there is doubt,
incompleteness of proof. But as soon
as knowledge amounts to demonstra
tion then the mission of faith ends.
I would not have you give up any cherish
ed belief when the contrary of that belief
is not proved. But if at anytime its
falsehood is demonstrated beyond power of
cavil, I do demand and insist that bursting
the bands of habit, in all the bitterness it
may be of change, you renounce th" false
hood like men, who dares tell you to do
else? What persons, what organization of
persons can ask you to believe an untruth ?
surely ruch advice from the church would
be a contradiction in terms, such advice
from practical men would bo strange policy
to say the least, such advice from honest
men you may be certa u will never be
given.
But who is to judge what things have
been demon traced and what are not?
loc, with the self-reliance of manhood
aDd of reason, you must decide for your
selves concerning this problem of a world.
For such a purpose the great being gave
you your reason, in all the dignity of its
glory.) jlfahy shrink from the ordeal and
prefer to crawl down long aisles to worship
idols, to such I do not speak. I came
to address the young men of the South,
not fools and drive-lings. It is vain to
speak of the unrest of knowledge and the
calm peace of uninquiring belief. Ido not
deny that there is comfort in self-delusion.
Ido not deny that ignorance is bliss. But
this same curse of knowledge has made
the world what it is, and this same ig :
uorauce and superstition have prevented
it becoming what it might have been.
Thus much of preparation for the theories
that are to follow. If you consent, you
shall enter with us into an examination of
the great drama which is being set in or
der for you. entrance upon the stage. Oh,
young men of the South, doyouoonseut to
be lifted higher? will you in the coming
years be Iree? One who loves you and
our own dear land has come to interpret
for you the impulses and the destiny of
your own minds. Though lust and ruin
waste, the world’s great idols care not,
while wo hear a trumpet in the distance
pealing news of better and hope, like a
poising eagle, towers above a world of
promise. To-morrow.
Negro Aristocracy--Progress,
A GRAND JURY IN ALABAMA DISMISSED
BECAUSE OP THEIR WHITE SKINS.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel '■
In Australia, it is said, the order of
nature is reversed, animals have beaks
like birds, and birds hare muzzles like
beasts, pumpkins grow on trees, and
apples on viues, trce3 grow with their roots
in the air, and branches in the ground.
These monstrosities are all the work ol na
ture and of nature’s God,but it remains for
the “new lights of civilization—the latter
day apostles of progress and of reform, to
completely reverse the order of society at
the South, and to present to the world a
political and civil monstrosity, compared to
which the lapsus naturae, of Australia
dwindles into a mere childish exploit. In
the ninteenth century, an age radiant with
the triumphs of art, of science, and of in
tellect, the world is presented with the
strange spectacle of a people, who aspires
to he groat and free,whose military achieve
ments elicited the applause of the world,
and whose intellectual attainments arc re
cognized wherever the word has a meaning;
a people refined, cultivated and chivalrous,
bowing down in abject submission and
political slavery to a .minority ol ignorant
negroes, the lowest order of human crea
tion, just released from a condition of ig
norant servitude, and to whom the slightest
idea ®i law, of justice or of policy, is as
foreign as is the idea of morality to a por
cupine.
The world beholds a great Republic, tin
boast of the age, nnnn whirlx hung tne
hopv.c <ff the lovers oi liberty in every
land, suddenly transformed into a military
despotism, a nation of freemen rejoicing in
the downfall of their freedom, a great
Republican party regarding as the chef
d'ceuvrc of Republicanism, the establish
ment of an aristocracy, and such an aristo
cracy ! The ridiculous appearance of
Falstaff’s redoubtable troop of ragamuf
fins becomes a staid and respectable
corps in comparison—for tbeir's is not an
aristocracy of wealth, nor of native born
nobleness, nor of intellect, nor of moral
worth, but a negro aristocracy ; an aris
tocracy of ignorance, an aristocracy of
moauness, of filth, and of debauchery.
The thick-liped, thirk-brained, sensu
ous, ignorant negro, lording it over the
intelligent whites, controlling, the destinies
of a powcrlul nation, can auything be
more preposterous, can human folly in
vent anything more superbly absurd; or
can human patience submit to a more
pitiable degradation ? Inferior in every
attribute of manhood, menials in every
household, performing the drudgeries of
every-day life, dependent for the very
bread they eat upon the whites; in a word
the par ahs of the land ; and yet they
are the dispensers of place and of power,
the arbiters of justice, and the rulers of
the land.
The children of Israel converted the
glory of their God into the similitude of a
calf that eateth hay. The felly of these
modern pilgrims can be scarcely less im
pious. They have prostituted not only
the name but the essence of heaven-given
liberty into an engine of oppression and a
thing of reproach.
But what makes this unnatural order of
things still more revolting is the fact that
it has been produced by a party which
claims the credit of being sincere, which
professes to have for its object the advance
ment of civilization and the elevatioe of
humanity. The poor ignorant negro is
innocent of all participation in its design;
like the lifeless metal out of which was
forged the golden calf, he was the inert
material employed by these political tink
ers to mould into form and shape the
paragon of absurdity. He had no volition
in the matter; he now wears his honor
with an awkward grace, and, if loft to him
self, would infinitely prefer th.s station of
inferiority, which he has siocu the creation
filled.
The degradation cf the Southern whites,
is the work of their own race and ciior,
men who once claimed them as brothers,
whose ancestors fought side by side in one
common eau«e, and who together achieved
our common independence; whose common
industry and enterprise redeemed the
broad expanse of our land from the wilder
ness and whose common genius erected an
empire at once the pride and dread es the
world.
The struggle of an inferior race or class
endeavoring to free themselves from their
inferiority ; to shake off the fetters of de
pendence, and battling for a position of
equality of rights and privileges is one of
moral sublimity. It wis this that gave to
the Sans Culotism of France a species of
respectability, but to the revolution of the
South (for it is nothing less than a revolu
tion, or rather a subversion of all law and
of order) no such virtue is attached. It is
not the struggle of a race to be free ; it is
not the demand of a class for political pow-
er or for social equality, but it is the insane
orderings of a political party mad with
power and burning with hate.
Their’s is not atriumph of principle, but
of passion. Impelled not by love of the
negro nor by a sense of justice and of right,
but by a frenzy of fanaticism, they seek to
1 elevate the negro ad to degrade the
i whites.
Another, and perhaps not the least, re
markable feature in this hideous anamoly
is, that the mania seems contageous. Men
amoDg us, our own people; nay, those
whom we have honored with high places
in the past, who have battled with us for
the Lost Cause; perilled their all with us,
and with us lost their all; now turn their
hands against us, and are foremost in fix
ing the seal of degradation upon us and
upon their own children as well.
We witnessed, a few days ago, a scene
which sent a thrill of sickening sorrow and
of shame to our heart; we saw a man who
had betrayed his aged and honored father,
his brothers, his wife, and his innocent
children, as #a reward for his treachery
had been elevated to the judicial bench;
we saw this man, who had made an
honorable record during the war, and
whose brothers fell in the cause, mourned i
by the great and pure Lee; we saw this j
man, in violation of all deceney, in violation
of his own oath of office, dissmiss a grand
jury of his oountrymen, for the reason, j
and the sole reason, that they were white, ;
and this too of his own voluntary accord;
no negro demanded a place on the jury; j
no negro desired it; but he did it simply to 1
show, to the ,world and his radical
ma=ters, his utter contempt for the re
spect of his former friends, and his
rudeness to wallow in the filthiest depths
of political prostitution. But his is a
filthy God, and perhaps, like the Hindoo
devotee, he imagines that the more filth
with which he can besmear himself the
greater the propitiation he is making.
Nor is this miserable creature the only
instance of this moral depravity. Scores
°f our prominent men are embracing the
vile thing, and are shouting “up with their
former slaves and down with their former
neighbors ”
It may be asked, why, oh, why, do they
doit? We may, with the same propriety,
ask the lunatic for a reason or for a mo
tive. Their action is monstrous and no
reason can justify it.
. But what are we to do? are we to alwa: s
sit under the burn of this great disgrace?
We answer lot them alone for a time,
“Whom the Gods would destroy they first
make mad.’’ Their madness is Upon them,
their destruction is sure and certain.
Alabama.
Talladega, October 18, 1869.
FROM WASHINGTON.
Sfecial Correspondent of the Baltimore Oarttte.
Washington, October 17, 1869.- The
city is filling up quite fust; a number of
Senators and Representatives have ar
rived, and are selecting quarters prepara
tory to the “long session of Congress.”
A visit to the hotels in the evening shows
that the “lobby” is gathering in force for
active operations. Already several pro
jects are discussed, and “rings” are being
formed to carry them oat. These profes
sional lobbyists, in Dine cases out often,
arc the agents of some “Congressional
ring,” and share with them the “fees”
which may be received for securing legisla
tion, or office, or the confirmation of those
who may be nominated for office. The
most prominent of the ‘he,.ernes,” from
which it is expected considerable money
may be realized, is the “air line railroad”
project. This measure lias been a product
ive “lay” to the lobby for several years,
and now they expect to make it “yield” a
larger harvest of greenbacks than ever.
Ever since the adjournment of the last
Congress well known parties, who live by
w hat they can make during the session of
Congress, assisted by prominent Senators
and Representatives, have been engaged
in organizing for an active campaign thi-
Winter, to secure, as they say, greater
“facilities for getting to the capital of the
nation.” They work with real “shoddy”
zeal, and with an energy which, if devoted
to some laudable enterprise, might be C3
profitable as forming “rings” for the pur
pose of exacting “blackmail” from those
interested in defeating their “schemes.”
Senator Carpeutcr, of Wisconsin, will be
the leader of the “ring” iu the Senate, and
has already announced his views in regard
to the power of Congress under the Con
stivution to build railroads, or to grant
charters to companies for the purpose of
building roads through the States and
Territories of the United States. Whether
his views will be adopted by the party of
which he isoue of the leaders iu the Senate,
remains to be seen; still there is no doubt
he will have great iufluence with his
brethren, particularly where there is a
chance to “make something.” The "ball
was opened” by Senator Carpenter at
Madison, Wisconsin,some two weeks ago,
in an address which he delivered before an
agricultural fair held iu that city. This
speech is important, in that ho has dis
covered a “new danger” to the republic
from the “growth of great railroad mono
plies.” He thus gives the key note for this
Winter’s performance:
“It was for many years believed by our
wisest and purest statesmen that our insti
tutions were in danger from slavery. But
it is my honest belief that they are to-day
in far greater danger from the combinations
of capital, the consolidations of monopolies
—the great trinity of power, railroad, ex
press and telegraph companies, which are
struggling to control the destinies of this
country —than they ever were from slave
ry.”
How this will fire the Northern heart I
The whole address is devoted to the dis
cussion of the above proposition, '’’he
Senator dwells with much seeming sin
cerity upon the abuse of powers gran;cd
these corporations, the pr cress of con
solidation, and the probability, if Con
gress does not interfere to prevent it, of
there being but one railroad organization
in the country, and “thus,” says the
Senator, “a power more formidable than
the powers of this gigantic National Gov
ernment, because more closely touching
the rights and pockets of the people, will
come to be exercised by a few men whose
interests in all things are directly opposed
to the interests of the people, without the
consent or even knowledge of the people.
The power of such an organization upon
our popular elections, with their paid
agents in every school district, the im
mense number oi their employees and offi
cers, men of influence and intelligence, all
capable of being directed by telegraphic
communication by a central head in Wall
street, and the immense capital oapable of
being poured out secretly at any point,
their power to build up or destroy towns
or cities by discriminating tariffs, and to
create or destroy the fortunes of individ
uals, cannot be over-estimated, and it will
hswlu* wtto ui«cy Ot Heaven, or the
vigilance ol our people, if they do not so
tar extend their schemes as to ordain a
new Constitution for the people
of the United States.” Having pro
duced, as the reporter says, “ a
great sensation” by the->e “flights of
fancy,” he proceeds to name a remedy,
and that is, that Congress must take con
trol of all the railroads in the country,
“regulate the running of the trains, fix
the tariff of rates, and in every respect
regulate and control the proceedings of
any railroad oompauy.” “And,” he says,
“even those cat-es, where the charter of
the company amounts to a contract which
would prevent the interference of the
States, are nevertheless within the power
of Congress ; because no State can exoner
ate any person or corporation from the
dujy of obedience to ail constitutional regu
lations of commerce by r the General Gov
ernment.”
Having asserted the power of Congress
to control existing railroads, he declares it
the duty of Congress to build new roads,
or to grant charters to companies to build
roads to meet the necessities of commerce.
This speech is regarded here as indi
cating the views and purposes of a large
“interest” in the Radical party, and to
foreshadow their action this Winter.
There is no doubt the “air line” scheme
will be pressed with energy and persistence.
Parties are engaged in preparing a paper
to be presented to Congress arguijg its
necessity. One of the arguments is, that
it will be impossible to hold a World’s In
dustrial Exhibition here for the want of
proper railroad facilities. To be warned
is to be forearmed, so I have given due
notice of the contemplated attempt to
take from the people their control of their
property and vest it in the Gen ral Gov
ernment. Y.
South Carolina News,
In Edgefield court the negress Lydia
Buckhalter has been acquitted of the mur
der of Mrs. Elkins.
The Edgefield Advertiser, speaking of
Judge Zephaniah Platt, says he is con
temptible even among carpet-baggers.
Ua Wednesday night four negroes escap
ed from the Laurensville jail. Tnree of
them had been sentenced to the peniten
tiary.
Charles King had a difficulty with
Thomas Patterson near Laurensville on
Saturday, in which King was killed with a
rock.
We are informed that a meeting of
the friends of the Fayetteville and
Florence Railroad wiil be held at Reedy
Creek Church, Marion District, on the 16:h
instant, with a view to push forward the
completion of this road.
Arrangements have been pnjeeted be
tween the Charleston and Baltimore steam
ship line and the Philadelphia Railroad by
which cotton and rice can be delivered in
the latter city in a little over two days
and a half.
A number of men recently discharged
from the Charleston police force, because
they were Democrats, have applied for
work on one of the city wharves and been
promised places, provided there were no
neyro applicants.
The secret of beauty lies in the use of
Hagan’s Magnolia Bairn for the Complex
ion.
Roughness, Redness, Blotches,Sunburn,
Freckles and Tan disappear where it is ap
plied, and a beautiful complexion of pure,
satin-like texture is obtained. The plain
est features are made to glow with health
ful bloom and youthful beauty.
Remember Hagan’s Magnolia Balm is
the thing that produces these effects, and
any lady can secure it for 75 cents at any
of onr stores.
To preserve and dress the Hair use
Lyon’s Kathairon.
oct!7—auwifiwlm
We have watched the course of so many
distressed, emaciated and forlorn dyspep
tics, of wor d-out and prostrated females,
who have taken anew lease of life, and
have gradually received vigor, strength,
health, and the power of social pleasure
from the effects of Plantation Bitters,
that we are not surprised at the Testimo
nials daily received. If it is a pleasure to
do good in the world, how full must be the
measure of the Proprietors of these cele
brated Bitters.
Magnolia Water. -Superior to the
best imported German Cologne, and sold
at half the price. oct2s-satuth3*wl
Facts forth* Ladies.— l have used my j
Wheeler a Wilson Sewing Machine six {
years without the least repairs; doing all my
family sewing, consisting of coats over- j
esa's, pants and vests, down to the finestof
sewing, even patching old coats and pants 1
Beside that, I haye earned six hundred
dollars ($600; in the six years. I earned
thirty dollars with one needle. Give ine
the WbeelerA Wilson in preference toall
others. Mrs. Lucy Dubgy.
New Milford, Ct, oct23— wl
AGRICULTURE. j
Burke Agricultural Central Club.
Waynesboro, Qa., Uct. sth, 1869.
At a meeting of the Burke County Cen
tral Agricultural Club, held in the Court
House this day, the following resolutions
were unanimously adopted, and ordered to
be published, to wit :
Resolved, That the President shall ap
point delegates from this society to repre
sent us, at the State Fair, to be held in
Macon, commencing on the 16th Novem
ber next, of which delegation the Presi
dent shall be Chairmau, and shall publish
the names of same in the Augusta papers
and Waynesboro Sentinel.
Resolved, That we invite the planters of
Burke, Jefferson, Washington, Hancock,
Columbia, Scriven, Emanuel and other
counties interested, to unite in establishing
warehouses in Augusta and Savannah,
pledge to sustain them, and wo invite the
planters of those counties to appoint Com
mittees to meet a committee from this socie
ty a‘ the fair of the State Society in Macon
in November next, for the purpose of
taking initiatory steps, to put such ware
houses in operation.
The subject of the abolition oi the plan
tation fences, being named by the Execu
tive Committee, under a rule of the society,
as a question for consideration at its next
meeting, it was
Resolved, That an invitation, by our
Secretary from this Society, be extended
Hon. W- B. Hodgson, Savannah, to visit
us at our next meeting here, on first Tues
day in November, and address the citizens
of the county upon the subject named.
Resolved, That the foregoing resolutions
ad the names ot the Committees appoint
ed under them, be published in the Augusta
and Savannah papers and ia the Waynes
boro Sentinel.
Under the first resolution the following
have been appointed delegates to attend
the Fair at Macon: Hon. E F Lawson, J.
Pinkney, Thomas. R. W. Scales, J. M.
McCuilers, Ransom. Lewis, Ur. Edward
Hatcher, Judges S. A. Corker, J. W.
Carswell, E W. Palmer, R. A. Rowland
an i Robert Burton.
Uuder the second the following have
been appointed: Dr. G. W. Powc 1, John.
A. Rosier, Esq, Judge J. A. Shewmake,
Judge G. A. Ward, and Judge ,Thos.
McElmurry.
J. B. Jones, Prest.
Jno. i). Munnerlyn, Secty.
Winter Flowing
We do not profess to bo well versed in
farm work, in fact, our experience iu that
lino has been anything but successful; yet
we may do as did the preacher—say to cur
readers, “not to do as we did, but to do
what we tell them to do.”
It is our opinion that idiere are more
enemies to the cotton plant than there were
teD years ago, that it istnore difficult to cul
tivate a crop, and there must be a reason
for it We cannot deny the fact that our
land is older, and that the labir system is
deranged, aud that many causes are at
work to make farming more complicated,
more perplexing and more difficult; still,
there seems to be a “something” in the
land, that produces more insects, more
grass, makes it more difficult to plow, and
more troublesome generally. Now, what
is it?—We would bo glad to know the
views of planters on the subject. We imag
ine one reason to bo, that .Therein in slav
ery times the plow was started as soon as
the cotton crop wqs g v.hercd, turning over
the laud, subsoiling, putting it in condi
tion to be benfitted by the Winter’s rost
and freezes, that this time is now taken up
by the laborer? in miking contracts, in
deciding whether they will work the next
year, and, if they coino to the conclusion
to work, then they must think over the
different propositions that have been made
them, for at least one month, and have
a week more to move, &e, &c., and it is
rarely you see work regularly going on be
fore the first of February, sometimes later,
and the best plowing that should bs given
land is losr. >
Now, there is soma truth in this—we
have seen it, and there is a remedy for
this, as well as for any other evil —What
is it? It can be known aod practiced by a
concert of action on the part of landowners.
Consider yourselves as principal in the busi
ness, and dictate terms to the laborer. Let
this begging of them to work for you
cease, and do not interfere with your
neighbor’s business nor his hired man or
womau. Demand a year’s work, and let
that year be from the first of January to
the 24th of December, and get back into
the old custom of breaking up land in
Winter, and our word for it, it will pay.—
Dawson Journal.
Mlllt Which Hoes Not Yield Rutter.
And Means to Remedy It
M. Deueubourg addresses those who
are chiefly interested in cases in which
there is no disease of the mammary gland
cor loss of milk, but a waut of oleaginous
matters in the fluid. In the causes of this
deficiency of butter-makmgquality, he con
cludes that there are two principal ones,
viz; idiosyncrasy and alimentation; but
there is another which cannot be so easily
defined, and which occurs in animals that
are well kept, and whose milk has been
previously rich iu butter. It is to these
that the remedy is principally directed.
The remedy consists in giving the animal
two ounces of the sulphuret of antimony,
with three ounces of coriander seeds, pow
dered and well mixed. This is to be given
as a soft bolus, and followed by a
draught composed of half a pint of vinegar,
a pint of water, and a handful of common
salt, for three successive mornings, on an
empty stomach.
The remedy, according tojthe author, rare
ly fails, and the milk produced some days af
ter its exhibition is found to be richer iD
cream. The first churning yields a larger
quantity of butter, but the secondj&nd third
are still more satisfactory in their results.
A letter from a farmer states that he
bad fourteen cowsiu full milk, from which
ho obtained very little butter, and that of
a bad quality. Guided by the statements
of M. Deneubourg, which had appeared in
tbc Annates Veterinaries, he had sepa
rately tested the milk of his cows, and
found that the bad quality of it was o ring
to one cow only, and that the milk of the
others yielded good and abundant butter. It
was, therefore, clearly established that the
loss he bad so long sustained was to be
attributed to this cow only. He at once ad
ministered the remedy recommended by
M. Deneubourg, which effected a cure.
Veterinarian.
j Queen Victoria’s Model Farm.
Situated about a mill from Windsor, it is
probably the most perfect as it is the most
expensive thing of tbo kind in the world.
Its dairy department is thus described;
“We entered a beautiful cottage, and were
shown by one of the Queen’s favorite ser
vants into a room about 30 feet square,
the roof supported by six octagonal col
umns of white marble, with richly carved
capitals. The floors were of white porcelain
tiles, the windows stained glass, bordered
with May-blossoms, daises, batter-cups and
primroses. The floors were lined with tiles
of porcelain if a delicate blue tiut, with
rich medallions inserted of the Queen,
Prince Consort and each of the children.
Shields, monograms of the royal family,
and hiss reliefs of agricultural designs rep
resenting the seasons completed the orna
mentation of this exquisite model dairy.
All a-ound the walls ran a marble table,
and through the centre two long ones, sup
ported by marble posts resting ou basins,
through which runs a perpetual stream of
spring water. By this means the table rlabs
are always cold, and the temperature ofthe
dairy is chill, while the ’white and gilt
china milk and butter dishes resting on
the tables are never placed in water. We
drank the delicious milk, ju-t brought in
bright metal buckets, lined with porcelain,
the Queen’s monogram and crest glitter
ing on the brass plates on the covers. In
the room where the butter was made, milk
skim ned and strained, we feasted our eyes
on the rows of metal porcelain lined cans of
every size, made to lock, and sent to the
royal family even as far as Scotland; so
they always have good milk and butter.
The churn was of metal also, lined with
porcelain, made in two compartments.
The outside chamber surrounding the cyl
inder could have warm or cold water
poured in to regulate the ‘coming of
the hotter’ without disturbing the cream.
The lid was screwed on, and the stationery
stand on which the whole was turned made
the » ork easy and rapid. But while over 60
cows are daily milked, and as many more
are out grazing, the royal family are more
than satisfied, and Londoners more than
dissatisfied to see the rolls of golden butter
and cans of cream sold from the model
farm for saving money for the Queen! I
know the butter is sold, for wc breakfasted ;
on it this morning, and we paid for it, not )
as a bribe, but a regular market bargain I
at the dairy.’’ —Rural American.
Importance of Drainage.— Thorough
drainage of land is necessary to success in
farming, but the operation is too often neg
lected. When land is wet in Spring the soil
cannot be prepared for crops in proper
time, acd even after the, seed is put into
the ground, it does n o t vegetate until af
ter the stagnant water has been evaporated
and the soil warmed by the sun. When
Spring crops are planted or sown late,
they do not cover the ground until the
sun’s rays have dried up all the unnecessa
ry moisture. Lands naturally or artifi
cially drained can be tilled early in Spring
and seed can be got into the ground at
the right time, and the crops will have
covered the ground before the great heat
of Summer commences, and the roots will
be protected from the rays of the sun. The
tail is the best season for constructing
drains.
To Keep Rats out of Cribs.—Build
the cribs on pillars at least three feet high.
Put sheet-if tin Or zinc between the sills
and the pillars, with edges extending 4 or j
5 ipches over tthe pillars, an turned down
(like a pan or basin inverted). The rats
can,t make the ascent further than this ob
stacle,
I ULLING loGEitoLU -; j. J,, u ;
Commercial Convention 1 a.c Lb upon une
of the secrets of the 'adure of mo-i t | the
attempts to induce Huron, an immigration
to the Southern Siatcs. \Y ant of cocc. rted
ac ion between the States has been diffi
culty Each State ha. had its ?e:a-ate
agent, and each agent has done his best,
with hu.l.mited means, to crax immigrants
to come down there aod settle. In doing
so he has been, asm duty bound, highly
eulogistic ot his own State, hut not quite
so wi ling to pra se other States. In effect,
tne Southern immigration agents have been
pulling different ways and not altogether
when nothing but a united pull, and a
very strong one at that, can divert the tra
ditiona! tendency of al: new-comers to go
westward. -The Convention recommended
a union of all the State ag ncie3 into one
under a competent head, and they had no
hesitation in selecting Commodore Maury
for the place. The choice is a good one. No
man m this, country better understands,
the enmate, soil, sad diverse advantages
of the ciffercntSouthern Sta-.es lor various
viT 63 V Sf f lers > tha;l Commodore
Maury. Since the war he has , aid particu
lai attention to the subject o: immigration,
and ha* done more fur that : .(crest in
Y lrgima—officially and otherwise—than
any man ,ii the South. He i* «and -known
and highly appreciated in Europe, and
any reports or circulars which he may cause
to be distributed throughout the Con
tinent wifi command attention auf confi
dence. It is upon information so dissemi
nated, freely and systematically, that the
Convention rely to further the cause of
immigration, and they invite ali theSouih
eru states to contribute funds to that ob
ject. inis will work well, probably; but
there would bean advantage in having a
number if active, reliable sub—ageDts
stationed at the principal European ports
who wou.d use their personal influence
upon foreigners about to embark.—A r I'
Journal of Commerce.
Clover is the cheapest and best man it- >
that can be had. Nothing pays be.t-r it ,
a field of good clover plowed uuder. I-. Vu
riches the soil quick-r than barnyard ma
nure, and puts it in better condition. To
plow it down well, if it stands thick and
high, each morning a rofior should b.:
drawn over as much as can be pi >wed in a
day, and a heavy chain shoul 1 be fastened
to the point of the plow beam to drag it
into the furrow. In this way it can bo
completely covered.
Clover contains all rhe dements needed
to enrich the soil for all kinds of grain, and
in larg.r quantities thin o:her manures.
It is not surprising that there is a pop
ular helief that certain trees poison the
ground. IV hen we seo the number of
roots that a vigorous tree throws out, and
the great expanse of foliage which is mak
ing a constant demand upon the roo s, we
wonder that anything grows near a large
tree. We do not believe that a tree “pi
zens the ground,” as is the common ex
pression. The trouble is that it appro
priates all the nutriment and also casts a
broad shade.
A correspondent of the Maine Farmer
says that tor the two last seasons he has
been using wooden boxes lined with Hate
for packing butter, which answer a very
good purpose aod have many advantages
above anything that he has ever seen. The
boxes cm be made any required sizs. The
joints caa be male water-tight, they are
very cool, easily kept elcai, and free from
any risk on aooount of breaking.
5- V
UKOKGIA NKWS.
Tbc first “white frost” of the season Oc
curred on last fjunday, the 17th inst.
There is unusual activity in the lumber
business. _ Uno house has shipped nine
cargoes within the last six weeks.
The people of Savannah propose sending
a commercial agent to Europe to represent
the business interests of ftie city and
promote direct trade and immigration.
Richard Fry alias J. N. Barnes, a noto
rious negro horse thief, was arrested in
Macon on last Tuesday. Southwestern
Georgia was the field of his operations.
A letter has boen received by the Exec
utive Committee of the State Fair, from
President Davis, in which he promises to
attend the Fair nex ; month if bis health
will allow him to do go.
The Coloied Labor Convention met in
Macon on last Tuesday, Jeff Long, of
Bibb, in the chair. Among the vice-
PresideDts is Moses (jardieer. of Rich
mond; among the Secretaries William J.
White.
The gin-house of Mr. John Richardson,
near Sandersville, was destroyed by fire on
last Thursday. Eighteen bales of cotton
were consumed a' the same time. It was
the work of an incendiary.
The negro, Potupey Haines, who killed
Hon. Robert Flournoy, of Washington
county, last Summer, was put upon trial
recently. _ After having exhausted two
arraj’s without getting a jury, the case
was continued.
In the Washington Superior Court the
suit of Marsh & Algood vs. the Central
Railroad, brought for the recovery of two
hundred hales of cotton, was decided last
week in favor of the defendant.
The Georgia Railroad has obtained an
injunction against the City Council of At
lanta for the purpose of preventing it from
having the tunnel under the road on But
ler street, iu that city enlarged.
A grand negro camp meeting was held
in Rattaree’s Grove, a few miles from At
lanta, on last Sunday. Bishop Simpson
of the Northern Methodist Church, the
well known villifier of the South, presided.
The negroes turned oat in )e.rg“ numbers.
I fie rails on the Mobile and Girard
Railroad have been laid as far as Jonesville,
six miles from Troy. Trains will, in all
probability, run to the former place some
time this week and to Troy about the
middle of the ensuing month.
The trial of Foster Blodgett, the present
Treasurer and probable Superintendent of
the State Road, on the indictment for per
jury fuund against him ia the Fall oi 1867,
is announced to take place in the United
States Court, at Savannah, on the 4th of
November.
The Atlanta Constitution says the rea
son assigned by leading Republicans for
reading Treasurer Augier out of the party
is because he simply used the interest on
the State funds and did not take the funds
themselves. In this he was not loyal to
his party.
of his letters, it appears that
the representative of the Atlanta Consti
tution at the Louisville National Commer
cial Convention got himself into the Indi
ana Peni'entiary during his absen-e. It
is not known what crime lie committed.
Some of the citizens of Atlanta have
been endeavoring, apparently without
much success, to get up a meeting for the
purpose of protesting against the removal
of the Posteffice from its present location
to Bullock & Ktuibali’s Upera House
building.
The rules of the tournament to ho held
at the State Fair have been i-übii-hed.
The first prize will be a five hundred .fol
iar Canadian thorough-bred horse. The
others correspond with the first.
Track laying on the Brunswick A Alba
ny Railroad is now going on at the rate of
one mile per day. By the first iff next
January sixty miles of this important
road will be in perfect rum,mg order.
President Davis return- t’mrii-:,-. to ihp
Secretary of the State A.-;- dtut-i Sue; ,-<y
for an invitation to attend l e '.rate Fair
next month, but says that bo is going by
way of New Orleans anil cannot ' be
present.
The Colored Labor Convent i .n is stii! in
session m Macon. A resold , has been
adopted endorsing the Freedman’s Savings
Bank Company. The Convc irion has also
pitched into the pioprietors of the Jour
nal & Mmenyer on account o; an article in
that paper ridiculing the sable assem
blage.
Cars on the Macon & Brunswick Rail
road will be running to Lumber City, one
hundred miles from Macon, by to-morrow.
The bridge across the Ocmulgeo is com
•n l force coming from Brunswick
will be met on-tho first of November, ami
by the 15th the entire road will be finished.
Ihe non-com missiooed officers and pri
vates of the police force of Savannah wait
ed in a body upon Mr. Ed ard C \o : c' -
sod, ex Mayor of the city, on Wednesday
and presented him with a token of their
esteem in the shape of a handsome silver
service.
Two large flats, enupied together with a
heavy frame work of timber, broke ir..m
their moorings on the Savannah channel
\\ edoesday, acd lodged in a position very
dangerous to vessels entering. The rev
enue steamer promptly re - -
movod-tbc dinger- •>< b,‘ruction.
William .1. G in;- m, tha owner of the
Empire Line of ste..„tvhl- : which , •« be
tween New York and Savannah, arrived
from New York at Savannah recently cn a
visit to the city.
Mr. James A- Chapman, one of the old
citizens of Columbus died at his residence
in that city on last Wednesday morning of
dropsy in the chest. He was more than
sixty years of age, and was one of the first
settlers in Muscogee county.
The first installment of iron for the Sa
vannah, Griffin <fc North Alabama Rail
road has beet) received in Savannah. In
a few days the entire ro.*d will be under
contract acd the track uylug commenced.
The first train wni mu through by the 15th
of February.
The yield or own from a “brag” acre of
land, belonging to S. W. Bloodwortb, sit
uated near Griffin, Ga., h is been measured
in the presence of the Ordinary of the
county. It amounted to one hundred and
thirty-seven and one-seventh bushels.
The gin-house of Captain -.. S-Reid,
Jr., in Putnam ccunty, was destroyed by
fire last week. Several bales of cotton,
number unknown, were consumed
with the building. Incendiarism js not
suspected and the fi eis thought to havti
been accidental.