Newspaper Page Text
ii htoutclc & Sentinel, j
rt KUXKSDAY MOKNISb, JiOVEMHER 24.
The Stale Fair.
Macon, No?. IC, 1869.
Chronicle Si Sentinel:
Tbe fair begins to assume something like
the appoirance its friends hoped for at the
opening. The entries to-day in all the de
partments have been fall and interesting
and more especially so in the mechanical
and the lauies' departments. The arrange
ments are still imperfect and very unsatis
factory, and complaints arc heard, loudand
strong, from scores of contributors who ar
rive hourly with articles for exhibition and
who find no one ready to show them their
places or give them necessary information.
There has been, however, considerable im
provement over yesterday in this respect.
Members of the Executive Committee
seem to have aroused themselves to the
necessities of their situation and a more
hopeful and cheerful feeling seems to have
taken the place of the doubts and fears of
yesterday. Several of the committee have
been noted to-day for their activity and
zeal and, upon the whole, there is little
ground now for complaints against this
Committee.
The State Agricultural Society held a
meeting this morning at eleven o’clock,
and will hold one session daily during the
Fair. Nothing of importance was done
by the Society to-day, and the meeting
was quite small considering the occasion.
A letter was received and read from the
[-■resident of the Cartersville & Van Wert
Railroad Company, informing the Society
that the company had collected, prepared,
classified and arranged a Cabinet of speci
mens of the ores and minerals of the
Etowah and Van Wert region, and that
four hundred specimens,properly number
ed and labelled, had been sent to the Socie
ty with the wish that the collection might
be made the nucleus of a cabinet worthy
of the Society of the State. This will be
an interesting feature of the Fair, and it is
to Ih> hoped that in a few years the Society
will have added largely to this valuable
collection. Major M. A. Cooper, the
[’resident of the Cartersville & VanWert
Railroad,deserves the thanks of the people
of the whole State for his persistent and
intelligent efforts to make known our rich
and va ied mineral resources.
At three o’clock this afternoon a large
crowd assembled at the Hippodromo, near
the centre of the Fair grounds, to listen
to the address of Major Cooper on “the
Destiny f the South and the interests of
Cotton Flamers.” I did not have the
pleasure of hearing the address, but I
hear it highly spoken of by those who
wore so fortunate as to hear it. The ad--
dress will be published, and I shall en
deavor to send you an early copy that you
may lay it before the readers of the
c. &s.
The crowd here to-day has been very
large, and it is thought will be largely in
creased to-morrow. Among'the notables
hero at present I have met Gen. Hamp
ton and Governor Bonham, of South
Carolina ; Mr. Sutberlin, of Virginia, the
President of the Virginia State Agricul
tural Society ; General Chilton, of Colum
bus, formerly Inspector General on Gen.
laic's staff ; Colonel I’aiterson, of Penn
sylvania ; Solon Robinson, Agricultural
Editor of the New York Tribune, Gen.
G. W. Smith and General Kirkland.
Thero are a large number of lady visitors
here, and the Lanier House parlors are
particularly attractive and rcsplendant
with beautiful ladies.
The scene at the Fairgrounds to-day ha3
been lively and deeply interesting. Hun
dreds of articles for exhibition havo beon
received, and the work of putting them in
place and getting them ready lor exhibi
tion to morrow has given employment to
hundreds of laborers, and the click of the
hammer has been heard all day long. The
list of articles now on exhition and await
ing disposition is very large—larger than
ever before knowD in the South, and hun
dreds of articles are expected to-morrow
and next day.
1 must not fail to mention the fact that
while all the railroads in the State have
beon liberal and accommodating in tram
porting articles for exhibition, except the
Central Railroad; the latter has been mark
ed in its selfish and troublesome conduct.
Thero are now in this city nearly a dozen
car loads of articled for exhibition, brought
here by tho Central Road, and which this
roaa refusos to permit to be carried to tho
Fair grounds in their ears, ft even re
fuses to permit the engines of the Macon
Si Western road to draw the cars out to
the Fair grounds, and obstinately adheres
to its extermination to unload the cars in
thi city. This conduct has elicited the
iu iienant denunciation of the entire com
munity, as well as all the visitors. The
Kxocutivc Committee have been compelled
to hire a large number of wagons to aid
the drays in taking these articles out to
the Fair grounds, and exhibition will be
delayed a day or two longer, besides the
annoyance and risk of the transhipment of
their goods.
The Executive Committee have been
greatly exercised, to-day over a dis
cussion which was sprung upon it in
relation to the propriety of testing
the' speed of horses on the race track,
which has beon prepared for that purpose.
[ learn that quite an exciting debate occur
red on this question at the morning ses
sion, when the proposition for “racing,''
as it is called, was defeated by a majority
of two. Late this evening an attempt was
made to reconsider the vote of the morn
ing session, upon which a long discussion
arose, which, at dark, when I left the
grounds, had not been decided. There is
a very considerable degree of old fogyistn
on the Committee, ami I fear that this
ciement will control the action of the Com
mittee.
Much interest was manifested to-day for
the arrival of the splendid herd of cattle
owned by Mr. Mcrryman, of Baltimore,
but as yet they have not ccme. A car
load of splendid oattlo was, however, re
ceived from the farm of liichard Peters,
Esq., of Atlanta. This gentleman also
exhibits a lot of improved swine, which is
much admired. The show of horses is re
markably liue and many arc yet to be add
ed to the list.
I shall endeavor to-morrow to give your
readers a more full and regular notice of
ail tho more interesting articles on exhibi
tion. i hope they will all be classified and
arranged in another day and then I can
furnish you more rsp^,,.
Macon, November 17th, 1869.
Chronicle & Sentinel:
There has been an immense crowd here
to-dav, and it seems to be hourly increas
ing. The heavy rain of yesterday after
noon was followed this morning by a cold
driving wind from the East, which made
the weather very unpleasant, partin'larly
to the ladies. The crowd at the Fair
Grounds during the day was estimated at
from iifteeu to twenty thousand. From
the opportunities I have had for estimat
ing erowds of this sort 1 am quite satisfied
that at least twenty thousand persons were
on the grounds during the greater part of
the day.
At 12 o’clock the invited guests were
received at the main stund on the blast
side of the Hippodrome, where a crowd of
several thousand persons were assembled.
The welcoming speech was made by -Mr.
Bacon of this city, and was responded to
by the Hon. George W. Woodward, of
Pennsylvania. The effort of Judge Wood
ward was characterized by kind and genial
sentimcuts, which made a line impression
upon those who were able to hear it. The
.J udge is a fluent and attractive speaker,
has a commanding person and is well
known as a staunch and unflinching Dem
ocrat, and bitter opponent of all the Radi
calism of the times. The Dead Duck was
paesent, but either from choice or neces
sity did not take a prominent place in the
ceremonies. Upon the stand I noticed
Joe Brown and the Beast Bullock. Both
of these worthies seemed depressed and
rather ehop-falien. Their presence here
has elicited but little remark, and co
notice except from a few professional
flunkies who have neither reputation nor
standing to lose- Among the erowd as
sembled on the stand I saw a few of these
people who seemed very much tickled at
the idea of figuring so notoriously and
were doubtless well pleased at being able
to take these big robbers by the hand. I
am glad to be able to say that generally
these cattle have been let severely alone by
the mass of visitors here.
Shortly after the reception ceremonies
were over, an immense concourse assem
bled at the Hippodrome to hear the annual
address delivered by General Wade Hamp
ton. The wind was very high, ard the
arrangements so miserable that but a very
few of the great crowd were enabled to
hear the gifted and distinguished orator.
This was a serious disappointment, as
thousands were attracted to the stand
mainly to hear Hampton. Those who
were so fortunate as to secure a place
where they could hear, speak in the high
est terms of the speech. I was one of the
unfortunates, and can only speak of the
effort from the reports of those who I
know are qualified to give a correct opin
ion. The General took a hopeful view of
the situation and future prospects of the
South; spoke encouragingly of the efferts
being made to recover our lost fortunes—
referred kindly to the negro population,
and expressed the opinioa that, with prop
er management, negro labor was the best
for the South. I shall not attempt to give
you even an outline of this great speech,
more especially as 1 get it second-handed,
and further, because I hope to send you,
by to-morrow’s mail, a correct and fuli
copy of the speech itself. Hampton is a
great favorite of our people, and has add
ed thousands to his hitherto numerous
friends.
’j : ;mo want of system and lack of'
adiimbtrative talent which was developed •
on M< n -.ay in the officials of the Fair is still
a; ear ir and the mutteriegs and discon
tent <f \ isitors are unabated. The grounds j
are nearly three miles from the business ;
portion of the city,and the provisions made i
to take visitors there and back are totally 1
inadequate for the accommodation of the
large crowd now here. The railroad, which
is t':e main reliance, run their trains too j
unlrcquently to take half the people, and j
when they do run cannot take more than j
half who wish to go. A train of ten large 1
passenger cars running every thirty min- i
utes each way would hardly be sufficient
for the wants of the crowd and yet they j
only run one small train every hour and a i
half. Yesterday afternoon when the ram j
came up there were left at the Fair j
Grounds several thousand persons, many
of them ladies, who were forced to remain
there long after dark and then were hud
dled like sheep into a few dirty cars with
out lights and kept on the Road for more
than an hour to enable one conductor to
cobect the fares of over a thousand people.
As the distance was only three miles the
train was kept at a snail’s pace to enable
the conductor to perform bis difficult feat.
The number of articles now on exhibi
tion, .f they could be properly classified
and arranged, would present quite an im
posing appearance, but owing to the de
plorable want of system which prevails in
every department, the show does not, to a
casual observer, make a very decided im
pression. For variety, extent, beauty and j
usefulness, I doubt if a finer collection has
ever been seen in the South before. I had
intended to give you to-day a regular and s
detailed account of the more prominent I
aDd uaeful articles on exhibition but as yet
find it impossible to do so for want of j
proper facilities and information. I shall, ,
however, make the attempt in the morn- I
ing. _ _ . • j
Among the celebrities I noticed to-day !
were Gen. A. H- Colquitt, Gen. Phil ]
Cook, Gen. Dubose and Gen. CiaytOD, of
Alabama. The Northern and Western |
men here soy that they are pleased with j
their trip, and profess much astonishment !
at the success or the Fair and the general I
prosperity of the State. Even the veno- j
incus wretch Forney said eoa party of gen
tlemen to-day that he was entirely satisfied,
from what ho had seen, since reaching the
boidc-rs of the State, that Georgia wasin a
much better condition, socially and indus
trially, than any of tbe other Southern !
States. This man sought an interview I
wiih Cos). Lockett, a large planter from
Southwestern Georgia, and the latter gave
him a full and very accurate condition of
tho planting interests in this State,and the
status and value ofour present labor system.
Among other things Lockett told him that
the Freedman’s Bureau had been the fruit- j
ful source of the white man’s trouble aud
the negroe’s misfortune. That the agents
of this abominable machine were a set of
corrupt, ignorant and unprincipled adven
turers, and that to their machination was
mainly due the failure of the cotton
crop in 18CG-7, and that even now, the
negro had not been entirely emancipated
from their corrupt and improper teach
ings. To this Forney replied that he was
satisfied that Lockett was right—that he
(Forney) never had any confidence in the
Bureau—that it was a necessity forced up
on the Radical party, who were ignorant
of the true condition of affairs here, and
had false impressions of the negro charac
ter and the willingness of the whites to do
them justice. He was very much inter
ested in Lockett’s system of hiring and
wo. kiug the negroes, and professed much
astonishment at the prices lie paid
and the general treatment of his
laborers. Ot course when he writes
for “my two papers, both daily,”
he will change his tone. No one here be
lieves a word he says, and I only repeat
hi.-, utterances to let your readers know
how the fellow talks when he happens to
ge' among gentlemen.
By-the-by, a good story is told of a
scene which took place between Forney
and Fitzpatrick, the Radical member of
tlm L gislaturo from this county, who is
one o‘ the dirtiest of his dirty crew. It
appears that Bullock took Fitzpatrick with
him to Washington last Winter to aid in
his filthy work, and when there Fitz was
on some occasion introduced to Forney.
When the latter arrived here on Monday
afternoon, before he could get well out of
the car, Fitzpatrick rushed at him, re
minded him of the Washington acquaint
ance, which Furney pretended to have
forgotten—and insisted on chaperoning
the great Radical during his stay here.
He informed Forney that his life was in
great danger—that the horrid ku-klux
had sworn vengeance against him and
proposed that ho should place himself un
der his (Fitzpatrick’s) protection. Forney
was disgusted with the fellow and threw
him off. Fitz contrived, however, to be
assiduous in his attentions aud on every
occasion thrust himself upon Forney’s
notice, much to tho annoyance of the lat
ter. Last night he went to his room,
where Forney and his Pennsylvania friends
were quietly resting themselves, aud again
began to pour out nis warning of ku-klux
dangers. Forney became exasperated and
spoke to his would-be friend in no kindly
manner. He said : “You d—d lying
scoundrel, if you don’t leave this room in
an instant I’ll knock your sap bead off
your shouluere;” and, suiting his action to
words, seized a chair aDd made at Fitz»
who immediately vamosed iQ double quick
time, cursing in his heart the perversity
of “damned fool yankees,” who would not
take the advice of their best friends.
The State Educational Sooit ty met here
this morning, and is again in session to
night. Its action has not yet transpired.
You have a reporter present at their meet
ings, who will give you full reports.
The Press Association of the State met
to-night. But seventeen papers were rep
resented, and several of this small number
by proxies. A committee, consisting of
General Wright, Mr. DeWolf, of the Co
lumbus Times , and Mr. Medlock, of the
Central (Georgian, were appointed to pre
pare suitable legislation to protect the
craft from the impositions of the present
system of official. advertising. Mr. Wil
lingham, from a committee appointed for
that purpose, made a very interesting re
port on the question of general and offioial
advertising. When I left the meeting to
mail this letter a motion to postpone ac
tion on the report was pending. .
Your local arrived this morning, and to
monow will put on the harness and get to
work. I see quite a large number of your
citizens here to-day, and I learn that the
prettiest ladies in the city are from Au
gusta and Edgefield. There will be a hop
at the Lanbr House to-morrow night, and
as I propose to be present, I shall then be
enabled to say if the report is true or not.
- W.
Macon, November 18th.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel :
The second day of the State Fair was
ushered in cold and windy, but as clear as
a bell, and was a decided improvement on
the weather, which we experienced Tues
day and Wednesday. It was understood
that the preliminaries having all been ar
ranged to-day, the examination of articles
by tbe Judges selected would commence
and the Fair really begin. Accordingly
at an early hour the cars which ran to the
| Fair Grounds were literally crowded to
; suffocation with passengers, and the car
riage road leading to the same place filled
| with every available vehicle all going to at
! tend the great agricultural jubilee. Before
the doors cf the building were thrown
open to the public, an immense body of
people were in waiting on the ou'side,
and when the gruff and churlish official
who guarded it, pushed back the doors at
the signal,a mass ofmasculinc and feminine
humanity surged in and filled the large
halls of the building in less time than I
have taken in writing this sentence. The
first plaoc visited was the second story of
:ho laboratory—in whieb had been placed
lor exhibition to the household, the fine
arts, horticultural and floricultural de
partments,'and those numerous miscella
neous articles which Ltd been sent to the
Fair. Th ; s second floor consists of one
long apartment of immense dimensions
being several hundred feet in length-en
tered by a flight of broad stairs from the
centre inside, and by another fLght out- j
side. It looks as if it had been especially
designed for the purpose to which it had
been put, and would have answered ad
mirably if more judgment had been dis
placed ic its arrangement. While some
of tLe articles had been properly classified
and assigned au appropriate place, by far i
the greater portion of them had not been
ccj were scattered about the apartment in
a most confusing manner. The unfortu
ua-o Reporters who-attempted to begin sys
tomaucally to take an inventory of the
contents of the room, soon found them- ,
selves utterly bewildered, and succeeded
in getting canned fruit and Kentucky
whiskey, oil p intiogs and fancy harness,
embroidered chemisettes end patent bank
locks jumbled together in a manner that 1
w 'u' i have ruffled the temper of the pro
ven, u!!;. patient one mentioned in the ,
scripture.
The display of articles in this depart
ment was neither near so large or so fine
as had been expected, and much disap
pointment was experienced by the visitors.
The following is a list of what was put up
on exhibition, together with the exhibitor’s
name and residence:
NEEDLE-WORK DEPARTMENT.
A piece of bead-work by Miss Annie
Knott, Maoon.
A silk quilt, made by Mrs E P Bowdre,
Macon.
Tapestry needle-work. "Surrender of
Mary, Queen of Scots,’’ by Mrs E P Bow
dre, Macon.
A silk quilt, made by Mrs William A
Benton, Georgia.
A patch-work quilt, made by Mrs T 0
Jacob, Forsyth.
A table-cover, ma ie by Mrs S V Bur
ton, Burke county.
A sofa-cushion, made by Miss Lee Hardy,
Augusta.
A tidy, made by Miss Lizzie Baker,
Augusta.
A rustic cress, made by Mrs C H Plane,
Macon.
One embroidered watch-case, made by
Mrs J H Merrill, Stilesboro.
A crochet set, made by Miss Connor,
Macon.
A “phantom bouquet,” made from I
flowers that grew at Sharp=burg, by Mrs
C H Plane, Macon.
Articles of needle-work and embroidery,
made by Mrs Mary Babes, Macon.
Articles of needle work, made by Mrs
Gettingen, Macon.
A sofa-pillow, made by Miss Fanny
Ayres, Macon.
Specimens of embroidery, made by Mrs
J N Simmons, Atlanta.
Specimens of bead-work, by Miss Kirk
patrick, Athens.
A silk quilt, made by Mrs Mary Scat
tergood, Macon.
Specimens of needle-work, made by a
lady of Macon seventy’two years eld.
A set of furs made from deer, fox and
other skies, by Mrs James R Wilson, Co
lumbia couDty.
An embroidered collar, made by MrsM
J Shaf'ton, Fairfield, lowa.
A silk quilt, made by a lady of Marshal
ville.
Fatch-work and raised quilts, made by
Mrs L M Whatley, Jones county.
A cotton quilt, made by Miss Nettie
Paris, Macon.
A silk quilt, made by Mrs S H Ladd,
Sumter county.
A pair of silk stockings, made from silk
raised in Georgia, by Miss Mattie Fogle,
Columbus. .
icpecimens of embroidery, made by Mrs
H T Heard, Augusta.
Specimens of embroidery, made by Mrs
C C Cannon, Dawson.
A crochet counterpane, made by Miss
Carrie Service, Georgetown, .South Caro
lina-
Tatting work, made by Mrs C D Finlay,
Macon.
Tatting work, made by Miss Ida Par
sons, Sandersville.
Crochet work, made by Mrs Dr Parsons,
Sandersville.
Patch-work, “ Crowning of Queen
Esther,” made by a lady of Savannab.
ART DEPARTMENT.
Specimens of photography and pictures,
from Pugh’s Gallery, Macon.
Several crayon sketches, drawn by Miss
Carrie Mason, Georgia.
Pictures and specimens of photography
from Ryan’s Gallery, Savannah.
A painting, by Miss Mamie Parker,
Macon.
Paintings, “The Hostess’ Daughter” and
“The Chase,” by Mrs C J Woolfolk,
Macon.
A painting, “The Flemish Burgomas
ter,” copied from Rembrandt by Miss
Annie Camak, Athens.
A painting, “When the Swallows Home
ward Fly,” by Mrs A W Reese, Macon.
A painting by Miss Mary Burke, Maeon.
Paintings “Cinderella,'’ by Mrs A W
Reese, Macon.
Specimens of Penmanship from Euston’s
Commercial College, Maeon.
Painting, “The Storm,” by Mrs A W
Reese, Maeon.
Picture frames, carved from native wood,
by Mrs Gregory, Rome.
Paintings, “Check-mate,” “Abraham
sending away Hagar,” and a “Scene from
North Georgia,” hy Miss Annie Camak,
Athens.
Paintings and Crayon sketches, by Mrs
M E Ilowes, Macon.
A landscape painting by Miss Lula
Butts.
A painting, ‘'Wind Against Tide,”
! copied from Harding, by Miss C Sosnow
-1 ski, Athens.
| A basket of flowers cut from Marble, by
\ James O’Bryan, Macon.
A miniature house made from shells, by
Anderson & Ballard, Macon.
Land-cape paintings by Miss Mollie
Knott, Macon.
A painting by J G Hardy, Columbus.
Fancy sketch, “The Georgia Oak,” by
Miss Tallula E Butts, MacoD.
A coliee'tion of pictures and photographs
from Riddle’s Gallery, Macon.
HOUSEHOLD DEPARTMENT.
Canned fruits put up by Mrs Gustin,
j Vineville.
j Domestic wines made by John B. Dozier,
Muscogee county.
MANUFACTURES.
Specimens of segars manufactured by
Meador & Brothers, Atlanta.
A set of furniture manufactured by
('hastain & Fox, Atlanta.
Set of furniture manufactured by P H
Snooks &Cos., Atlanta.
A self-generating ca3 burner manufac
tured bv News & Andrews, Atlanta.
Boots and shoes manufactured by Sin
gleton, Hunt & Cos., Macon.
“Improved Medicine Chest” manufac
tured by II J Peter, Macon.
Pianos from the St. Louis Piano Manu
facturing Company.
Pianos lrom the piano factory of Wil
liam Knabe & Cos., Baltimore.
American organs manufactured by Burke
& Guilford, Macon.
Cornet aud band instruments manufac
tured by the Schraber Cornet Company,
New York.
Ready made clothing, manufactured by
Wirtsbip & Callaway, Macon.
Patent rifles, slot guns and combination
bank locks, manufactured by I P White,
Savdnnah.
Articles of perfumery, manufactured by
Pemberton, VVilson, Taylor & Cos, Atlanta.
Drugs, manufactured by William I Land,
Atlanta.
Spool thread, manufactured by Greene
& Daniels, New York.
Howe sewing machines and specimens of
work, from New York.
Specimens of granite work, from the
Stone Mountain Granite Company.
Specimens of bar iron, from the Rome
Manufacturing Cos.
Specimens of iron from the Brierfield
Iron Works, Alabama.
Slate and marble mantels exhibited by
H R Brown, Macon.
Wilcox & Gibbs’ sewing machines, ex
hibited by Wilcox, Gibbs & Cos, Savannah.
Sewing machines from "Weed Sewing
Machine Cos,” Hartfji-d, Conn.
Boots and shoes, from the manufactory
of Vogler & Cos, Salem, N C.
Grover & Baker sewing machine, exhib
ited by Miss L J Reed, Augusta.
Shoes manufactured by W A Ransom &
Cos, New York.
Trunks and valises, manufactured by
Edgar Farmer & Cos, Newark, N J.
Segars manufactured by G S Watts &
Cos, Baltimore.
Chewing tobacco, manufactured by Nel-
I son & Mcliwaine, “Pioneer Works,” Au
| gusta.
Smoking and chewing tobacco, manufac
tured at Goodman Meyers, “Old Do
' minion Works,” Savannah.
Boots and Shoes, manufactured by Jacob
j Schall, Macon-
Carpetings manufactured at “Adrian
Carpet Wotks, Philadelphia.
Bagging, manufactured by John T
Douglass, St Louis.
Yarns and sewing thread manufactured
<■ by the Franklin Factory, Waynmanville,
i a -
Sheetings, manufactured by the Macon
Cotton mills.
Woolen fabrics, manufactured at the
j Cleveland Woolen Mills, Ohio-
Cotton stripes, checks, gingams, tick
ings, cottonades, tweeds, twills, cassimeres,
1 cptton blankets, yarns, thread and rope
manufactured by the Eagle & Phoenix Mills,
Columbus O-naburgs and yarns manufac
tured at Roswell Mills,Georgia; twilis and
: cassimeres manufactured by the Rock Isl
am.! Manufactory, Charlotte, N C.
j Sheetings, drilling and shirtings man
i ufa -tured at the Augusta Mills.
Y’arus manufactured at the Princetou
j Factory. Athens.
Bobbins manufactured at McCall &
; Co’s , Athens Factory.
Harness from the Maryland Manufactory,
! Baltimore.
Leather and harness manufactured by
i Smith, Weston a Cos , Concord, N. H.
Leather manufactured by N- A. & M. S
i Thornton, Lumpkin. Ga.
Patent dray and cart saddle, man
ufactured by J. A. Mahoney, Savannah.
Harness and Saddles manufactured by
Bernd a- Bro., MacoD.
Boots and Shoes manufactured by
• Porter, Day a Co-, New York.
Wagoner Sewing Machine manufactur
ed by the YV aconer Sewing Machine
Company. New York.
Wilson’s shuttle sewing machino man
ufactured by the Wilson Cos, Cleveland,
! Ohio.
MINERALS.
Mineral specimens from James Noble,
Rome, Ga.
Specimens of gold ore from the Elrod
Geld Mines, Hall county.
FRUIT TREES. (IRALN, AC.
E?ergr“ans from EUwauger A Larry s’
1 Mt Hope Nurseries, N Y.
Norway oats from J M Tco'e, Knox-,
vide, Tenn.
Fruit trees, evergreens, ac, from P J
Berckmans’ Pruitland Nursery, Augusta.
Fruit trees, grace vines, Ac, from W K
■ Nelson’s Georgia Nursery, Angus a.
Barley, rye and wheat from the Com
missioner of Agriculture.
1 MiSCELtANOCS.
Collection of oils manufactured by W D
Millar, Savannah,
Collection of whiskeys manufactured by
J M Davis a Cos, Louisville, Kv.
Fancy articles from the Whitlock Ex
position Cos, New l'ork.
Specimens from Savannah stencil works
by C F Fairbanks, Savannah.
Astronomical apparatus, from Henry
Whitehall, Philadelphia.
Educational and devotional works, from
A S Barnes & Cos., New York.
Colton’s educational from
; Waters & Monteith, Chattanooga, Tenn.
Silver, glass and China ware, from B A
I Wise «fc Cos., Macon. k
Watches and silverware, from Ernest
Peschke, Macon.
Wool of improved Kentucky sheep,
j from R W Scott, Frankfort.
Solid plated silverware, from L H Wing,
: Macon.
Books, published and bound by J W
1 Burke & Cos., Macon.
Specimens of pVintißg aDd binding, from
Evans, Cogswell & Cos, Charleston.
A chess-board (inlaid work), by Peter
Cook, Macoa
This morjicg, after an address from
Rev Dr YV i) is, was devoted to the exami
nation of the different articles on exhibi
tion, and to testing the speed of the horse
flesh. The hoites are only exercised
against time, and net allowed to run
against each other; for although, I learn,
that “three card monte” is dead within
the Fair grounds, the Executive Commit
tee have decided that “ horse-racing”
would be immoral.
This afternoon the knights, who are to
ride at the tournament to-morrow, were
out for practice in the hippodrome, and
one of them, a Mr. Parriss, of Lee county,
wa§ very seriously injured by his horse
failing wuile at full speed. .
The crowd will begin to l\ave now very
soon, though, at the present time, there is
no perceptible diminution in its numbers.
- H. G. W.
Macon, November 19.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel:
According to the published programme
yesterday was to be the last day of the
Fair proper, and the grand tournament
was to be held in order to confer additional
eclat upon the oocasioD. The day opened
cloudy and threatening, windy and bitter
cold; but,despite the unpropitious weather
the attendance at the Fair grounds was
even larger, if possible, than on any pre
vious day of the week. The tournament,
it was announced, would be the feature of
the occasion, and of course every oDe was
anxious to witness the spectacle. At an
eany hour in the morning rttc crowd be
gan to gather, and at half past ten, the
time at which it had been announced the
tournament would begin, the hippoarone
was filled to its utmost capacity. The
hippodrome or amphitheatre is a colossal
affair, and, it is said, i3 atle to seat fifteen
or twenty thousand spectators. This, I
am convinced, is an exaggeration, but from
a hasty estimate I should think there were
about ten thousand persons present to-day
of every age, sex and condition of life. The
knights were ten in number, were said to
have fine horses aod oostumes, and had
succeeded in arousing much interest in
what we are pleased 'o term their“tourna
ment.” Why the exercises which are
usually witnessed at affairs of this charac
ter should be dignified with this name I am
at a loss to imagine. It certainly
cannot be that they are thought to have a
resemblance to those warlike jousts which
were held at Acre and at Ashby-de-la
zouche, where knight met knight with the
same fury and dexterity which they were
in the habit of exhibiting in battle with tk«
infidels. On the contrary, our modern
knights do not encounter each other in
the arena and there contend for the vic
tory, but direct all their skill and valor
against rings of steel and sensele sand un
resisting blocks of wood. But notwith
standing the misnomer the people crowded
to witness the spectacle and, despite the
weather, a pleasant morning was con
fidently expected. If the tournament had
commenced at the hour announced I have
no dou t that these anticipations would
have been in some degree realized. But
there was so much of extra preparation to
be finished ; so much primping of men
and prancing of horses ; so much riding
around the ring by the Marshals and their
Staffs, to be gone through with before the
affair could be commenced, that the black
clouds which had been gathering in the
Northern heavens all the. morning had
time to form en masse and advance upon
the “hippodrome” before the knights en
tered the magic circle. About two hours
after the appointed time the cheva
liers entered the amphitheatre and
at the same time the skies be
gan to drop occasional tears upon the
spectators by way of preparing them for
what was coming. But the warning was
unheeded; hope whispered that it would
not rain much, and the "crowd bravely
stood its ground, or rather sat its benches.
A little preliminary “orating” was gone
through with, to the intense disgust of the
spectators, who could not hear a word,
and then, the “Knight of the Lost Cause”
set forth on his journey “around the
circle.” Hardly had he gotten half way,
however, on his tilt against the rings when
the clouds hurst and the "rain fell in
torrents. You have heard of the
stampeding of horses by Indians in
the far West and of the stampeding of an
army as at Bull Run and Fredericksburg;
but imagine if you can the scenes that at
tended this stampede of the Fair. Ten
thousand men, women and children rush
ing pell mell, hurry skurry, helter skeiter
through the numerous avenues leading
from the hippodromo while the rain pour
ed upon them as if the very bottom of the
clouds had iailen out. The distance to the
Laboratory buildings was not a very long
one, but sufficiently long to allow every one
to receive a first-class shower-bath before
reaching the haven of safety. The Labora
tory was not near largo enough to contain
the people and, of course, the Macon &
Western Railroad Company had no cars
ready to carry the halt drowned multitude
back to Macon. At last, however, after
several hours delay, and tbe fainting ot a
lady who was unable to stand the pressure,
the necessary transportation began to ar
rive and the disgusted visitors returned to
the city.
The early portion of the morning was de
voted to the examination of the wagODS
and carriages placed on exhibition and ot
the cattle and poultry. The horses and
other stock yet remain to be examined and
to-morrow will be devoted to this work.
Below I send you a list of the articles in
the department just alluded to.
WAGONS AND OTHER ARTICLES.
Bremerman’s improved two-horse wag
ons. Manufactured at Indianapolis
Wagons Works.
Woodruffe 2 and 4 horse wagons. Manu
factured by the Tomlinson Demorest Com
pany, New York.
Four and 2 horse wagons. Manu
factured by William Barker, Buffalo, N Y.
Four and 2h, rse wagons manufactured
by Harvey, Morgan & Cos., Concord, N 11.
Cart manufactured at the American
Wagon Works, Cincinnati.
Four and 2 horse wagons, built by Ab
bott Downing & Cos., Concord, N H.
Buggy made by Saulsbury, Cherry &
Blasegnan, Macon.
Carriage manufactured by Edward
Pierce, Louisville, Ky.
Carriages and buggies manufactured by
Winter & Holsonback, Forsyth, Georgia.
Single and double buggies manufactur
ed by Thompson <fc Paschall, Wilmington,
Del.
| Buggies manufactured by Durham,
Booth & Webster, New Haven, Conn.
Carriages and buggies manufactured by
tho Tomlinson Demorest, Company, NY.
Buggies manufactured by John Curtes,
Cincinnati, Ohio.
Buggies maßufac ured by Harvey, Mor
gan & Cos., Concord, N. H.
Buggy wheels manufactured by the
Roger Wheel Company, Cincinnati.
Pair Stone Fence.game fowls from T
Floyd Harrison, Savannah
Pair Benford chickens from John S
Wise, Atlanta.
Pair half Pheasant chickens from John
S \V T ise, Atlanta.
Pair half Thompson's Claghorne chick
j ens from John 8 Wise, Atlanta.
Pair Wise and Freedman's chickens
| from John b Wise, Atlanta.
Pair Red Cuba ctiickens.
| Pair Georgia game chickens from D A
Jameson, Geneva, Georgia.
: Pair game chickens from Aaron Ross,
j Caihoun.
Improved Georgia ducks from Aaron
Ross, Calhoun, Georgia.
Pair Muscogee dueks from Mrs. Clay
ton, Macon.
Pair Muscogee Dueks from Thomas K
Brown, Macon.
Pairs of "Tumblers” Fautueh white
Pouters Maghre Red Pouter, White
Carrier White Jacobin, Red Carrier Black
Carrier Biue Carrier Runt Yellow Jaco
bins, Starlings, Beard and Bald-head
Pigeons from Edward Peters, Atlanta
Lot ot Cochin China Fowls from Mrs
Thomas Bagly, Bibb county.
Short Horn Bui! Gen Beauregard, from
G W Fish, Oeiethorpe,- Ga.
Alderney Buif v'alf, Governor, from
John Merryman, Baltimore county, Md.
fiereflrd Cow Jala, from John Merry
ruan, Baltimore county, Md,
Hereford Calf from John Merryman,
Baltimore county, Md.
Hereford, 2 year old Cow from John
Merryman, Baltimore county, Md.
Hereford Heifer, 1 year old, from John
Merryman, Baltimore county, Md.
Devon Bull from J W Beiven, Houston
county, Ga.
Imported Brahmin bull, from E Fon
taine, Columbus, Ga.
Brahmin bull calf, 2 months old, from
R Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin cow, 4 years old, from R Pe
ters, Atlanta.
Brahmin heifer, 2 years old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin cow, 7 years old, from R Peters,
Atlanta.
Brahmin bull, 19 months old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin cow, 5 years old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin bull, 20 months old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin bull, 18 months old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Ganges cow, 12 years old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin calf, 8 months old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin calf, 6 months old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin bull, 18 months old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin ball, 14 months old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin bulls, 7 months old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Brahmin heifers, 3 months old, from R
Peters, Atlanta.
Half Alderney half Ayrshire bull, Gsn.
Lee, from J E Brown, Macon.
Full blooded Ayrshire heifer calf, Geor
gia Belle, from J E Brown, Macon.
THE GEORGIfITTATE El,
The Addresses Delivered
on the Occasion.
ADDRESS BY HON MARK A- COOPER
REMARKS OF MESSRS. BACON
AND YANCEY.
Responses of Hon. G. W. Woodward of
Pennsylvania, and Hon. Horace
Capron of Washington, D. C.
OR ATI OX OF GEN. HAMPTON.
[From the Macon Telegraph k Messenger.]
ADDRESS OF HON. MARK A.
COOPER.
Macon, Nov. 16, P. M.
At 3J p. m.. an immense concourse of
people, numbering into the thousands, as
sembled in the amphitheatre to listen to
the orator of the day, who was briefly and
appropriately introduced by Hon. Benj. C.
Yancey, President of the Georgia Agri
cultural Society.
After the usual salutation, the Hon. Mr.
Cooper addressed those assembled as fol
lows :
To the Members of the State Agricultural
Society, to assemble at their Annual Fair
at Macon, 6a., on the 16th of November,
1869 :
Gentlemen —Acc rding to a promise
elicited from me by out- Secretary, I have
the honor to present to you this paper.
The subject for consideration is “The
Destiny of Georgia, induced by recent
changes, aud the interest and policy of cot
ton planters indicated thereby.”
The changes here referred to have been
brought about by a revolution through
which we have recently passed. They re
late to our social, political and financial
affairs, and have deeply involved the com
mon labor of the country. They have
been produced by a combination and con
centration of tbe great powers which rule
and direct all governments.
We believe that the following proposi
tions will be found to be just and true, to
wit:
First. No nation or community was ever
powerful amongst men aud nations which
did not use the mechanical powers for
manufacturing purposes.
Secondly. A nation or people is power
ful in proportion to its products in manu
factures.
Thirdly. Politically, socially, and finan
cially, the manufacturing interests, com
pared with the agricultural interest, in in
fluence and control, is as three to one.
Fourthly. Agriculture, manufacturing
and commerce are the great elements of
peace. The two last are intimately associ
ated. Closely allied to these stands 5 also
mining. The first is diffused and never is
concentrated. The others always com
bine, and readily coalesce. Hence they
control the government. They bring to
their aid the machinery of banking and
the influence of currency. A fourth inter
est has lately grown up—a power equal,
if not superior, to any. This power, with
its associates, the telegraph and express,
will lead off and control governments and
all other powers, unless governments, by
accumulation and concentration, shall as
sume to control it.
Fifthly. One man may control millions
in manufucturing and railroading, andinay
•thereby exert an influence in proportion ;
whilst in agriculture he is limited to a few
hundred thousands, and his influence is
limited in proportion in the inverse ratio,
as three is to one.,
These proportions are so well under
stood, and so well established by history,
that I will not consume your time by at
tempting to elucidate them.
The State of Georgia by the adaptation
of climate and soil to the product of the
great staple, has been, heretofore, neces
sarily, an agricultural district. This was
true also of the entire South. A system
of labor entailed upon us by our ancestors
made it so.
The prequisites arising from a change
in this system of labor, forces upon us a
destiny which must place us in a different
relation to each other, as well as to the
great elements of power in government,
referred to above. We must be transferred
or transposed from that power, which, by
diffusiveness, is felt but little to a combi
nation of the combined and concentrated
powers, and have them closely allied with
that of agriculture. In other words, the
cotton planter of the South must be iden
tified with the manufacturing and commer
cial interests of the country; and there
fore must be associated with the railroad
and shipping interest, the hanking, the
telegraph, and the express interest. Into
these channels their annual gains must ne
cessarily flow; otherwise, the exponents
of these interests must hold these gains
subject to their will. The annual profit
on three million bags of cotton must de
monstrate for itself, or be administered
upon by others, since thaveAs no longer a
place for it, as heretofore, to cherish the
power of reproduction. We are now in
the transition state. We may direct, but
cannot stay the progress. The cotton
planters of the South must seize the op
portunity, fall in and grrsp some or all of
these powers, and thereby become the
princes of the land. It is now the destiny
of the South that it shall bec»me a Vastly
powerful manufacturing district. If from
inertness or want of enterprise they will
not avail themselves of the opportunity
now before them, they have one alterna
tive left, and only one—that is, to become
the overseers or managers of the incum
bents of these great powers, with the
privilege of holding titles to the lands they
cultivate, coupled with an obligation to
produce and prepare for the market the
rich staple, out of which those incumbents
shall, at their pleasure,- take what their
cupidity and interest may designate. The
planters will have this one guarantee of
the law, to-wit: that the soil is theirs. A
guarantee based upon the interests of, and
secired by, powers which they can neither
wield nor check.
Tbe planter loses fSiis. He loses the
freight He pays on this waste.
The freight from New York to Liver
pool alone is 36 cents per hundred pounds,
which is equal per bale to $4 75. The
freight from New York to Liverpool on
500,000 bales taade in Georgia, if shipped
from New York to Liverpool, is $750,000.
The raw cotton, when manufactured
into yarns suited to the foreign markets,
diminishes the bulk 15 per cent., and there
fore saves about one-sixth of this freight
which is equal to $145,833 saved in freight
on waste from a crop of 500,000 bales.
The manufacturing of the taw material at
home saves also the waste of 15 per cent,,
and turns it to domestic account.
Manufacturing at home for the foreign
market adds two-thirds to the value of the
bulk. Hence, one bale of cotton thus
manufactured, ,» worth three of the raw
cotton, say equal to S3CO.
Sirs, addressing as I do, a body of intel
ligence rarely convened, it would be an
abuse of your patience here to amplify
Then let ire proceed to call your atten
tion to a few facts, and then to crown
them with one suggestion. The facts are
these.
The cotton crop of Georgia is stated to
be 500,000 bales, averaging 500 pounds
each. The value of this per hundred
pounds, in paper currency of the United
States, after paying freights and charges
to Liverpool from New York, if sold
in Liverpool is S2B 84rJ. For this,
the New York shipper pays in New York
-126, thus leaving for him a balance of
$2 84i for his profits. A bale of 500
pounds, therefore, affords him a profit of
sl4 22£. The crop from Georgia of 500,-
000 bales, when thus sold, will therefore
afford to the New York shippers an ag
gregate profit of $7,200,000.
The cotton crop of the South is sup
posed to be 0000,000 bales. Two million
bales shipped as above, and sold in Liver
pool, afford to the New York shippers a
benefit of S2B s±o,oou. This is the result
of one crop. Is it wonderful, therefore,
that with this to bnild on New York
should be a great city, with centralized
power to make and control the policy of
a nation^
Again' cotton in the process of manu
facturing loses 15 per cent., or 15 pounds
in each 100 pounds—equal to 75 pounds
per bale. This amounts to 7,500 bales in
a crop of 500,000 bales, or nearly one bale
in six; which, if valaed at 20 cents a bale,
is equal to $750,000.
The crop of 500,000 bales manufactured
in Georgia, less 15 per eent. waste, is 425,- j
000 bales manufactured products, equal
to $3 per bale, which is equal to the aggre- j
gate sum of $137,500,000. This, then, j
stands against the sum of $50,000,000, the
value of 500.000 bales sold in the raw
state.
There is, therefore, a balance in favor of
the country of $87,500,000, produced by
converting the raw cotton into a manfac
tured article. Add to this the sum of
$145,000 paid on the waste when shipped
and saved by the manfacturing at home.
Add also to the value of the waste saved
and used at home, by estimate SIOO,OOO
and you have the sum of $87,745,000 made
and saved to the country by manufactur
ing the raw material. Hence it is per- j
ceived that you return to the producers
the value of their raw material, as in case
of shipment, and nearly double that sum
to them and their country, in proceeds of
sale of manufactured goods. This comes
to them, or to the State in imports, or in
specie; being that much over and above
what is now received, and that is an an
nual result.
Great and interesting as this may seem
to the planters, the results to the country,
financially, politically and socially, are
grand beyond any ordinary conception.
Such an annual increase of labor products,
say $87,000,000, through the agency of 1
one commodity, produced by one class of
citizens, will annually increase the popula
tion and means, material and money, UDtil
the wealth of tLe State can only be told by
hundreds of millions. Uotil towns and
cities shall be built where the forest now
stands, and until thousands of wheel* shall
| turn by the power of water; until the
; planters and producers of this stable shall
j found and build aud turn them all; shall
] gTasp thereby all the elements of power,
j heretofore enumerated, by whiea govern-
I ment is formed ; by which laws are made
and admini-tered ; by which science sheds
its light; the arts to flourish; the
jiterature of the country is made to adorn
it; by which the freedom of conscience
may be defended ; and the moral grandeur
of man himself shall be exhibited in the
i image of his Maker. Then we shall have
j the balance of trade in our favor. Then,
! and not till then, will capital flow to us as
Ia tide, and immigration as a wave roll in
| upon us without an effort on our part.
| _ Now, sirs, will you ask where the money
is to come from? “I answer from the plant
ers of the South first, if they please.
They have the money power. Unless thus
used, it must run to waste.
Again, let us look at the facts. First.
All the water power at command in Geor
gia, now accessible by railroads and navi
gation, is sufficient to manufacture the
raw material of two such States, in ad
dition to driving the machinery of all
operations necessary to cotton or woolen
milling, whether it be of wood or metals.
Secondly. The material ores of metals
needed are in riche, t profusion, found
within our limits everywhere, identified
and associated with the water power re
ferred to—iron especially. This is in
quality and quantity both in Georgia and
Alabama, Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky,
Missouri, Mississippi, Arkansas, and
Texas, unsurpassed in any country, and
unegualed by any coiresponding portion of
the United States. *
On a former occasion we felt called upon
to present to the Legislature of Georgia an
estimate of the resources of this State in
iron, as compared with those of Pennsyl
vania. We then demonstrated, satisfacto
rily, as wo thought, that those of Georgia
far exceeded the like in Pennsylvania. At
the same time we prescute4 also an esti
mate of the iron crop of Pennsylvania, as
compared to the cotton crop of Georgia,
demonstrating that the former, direct and
incident, exceeded the latter. Hence we
ventured the opinion, that in the sequel,
the products of iron in Georgia could only
be equaled by those of cotton; and that the
power of the State, through the agenay of
the farmer, would far transcend that de
rived from cotton. We still think so.
Thirdly. The most interesting and avail
able localities for water power in Georgia
are now in market at speculative prices.
They must and will be taken hold of very
soon by someone. One alone that wc
know of his power in twelve months to con
vert half the crop of Georgia into manufac
tured products. These localities, being
secured, will have much to do with leading
and controlling the manufacturing interests
of Georgia.
The gains of the cotton planter on the
crop of this year will probably be equal to
$10,250,000. Four parts of this, say
$500,000, may, without inconvenience,
be appropriated to the purchase of those
localities, and will be sufficient to accom
plish it. This will secure power sufficient,
when added to the thirty-five factories
now in operation, to spin up annually, the
cotton crop of Georgia. There will then
ba annually $9,000,000 in the hands of
planters for the erection and operating
thesi factories to be erected at the several
localities referred tj. The annual com
bination of skilled labor, and labor of all
sorts, will cause au appreciation of the
property at these localities until it shall
double, treble and quadruple .the prime
cost, thereby affording ample means to
build and carry ou with ; thus enabling
the planters other millions to
the purchase or construction of interesting
and important lines of railroad. One of
these happens now to be presented, ex
tending entirely across the State, travers
ing throughout itsentire course, the richest,
most varied and most abundant resources
of valuable minerals which can be found
in the world.
It has also, along its line, the most am
ple and abundant wa er power for man
ufacturing. It is blessed, also, with the
most salubriate climate, and a soil lux
uriantly rich for agricultural purposes.
This line of railroad can bo engrossed by
the planters with the use of a very limited
amount of this year's gains. They will
then have hold not only on the manufac
turing interest and the power it affords,
but they will have a clue to the power of
railroading. Here they will make their
permanent homes, and combine tbeir agri
cultural power with all other powers.
Here they will annually open a market for
their products of cotton, receive it and
convert it into a manufactured product, to
be shipped by themselves, by direct line of
exports, to its proper destination; for
which purpose they will have transporta
tion by land and by sea, and financial and
mercantile agents at home and abroad.
You have now, sirs, the crowning sug
gestion which I purposed to make, after
stating the facts here enumerated. If the
cotton planter, on receiving these sugges
tions, should doubt the practicability,
the success, or the beneficial results which
they propose, we have only to refer them
to the establishments now operating in the
State of Georgia. With a capital of less
than $500,000, it is making a r > annual divi
dend of twenty per cent, paid quarterly,
with a reserve fund, equal to half its capi
tal, invested in available securities. One
of its large t stockholder.-, as we learn, in
vested $5,000 in stock, from which he now
holds six hundred shares, worth SIOO,OOO,
paying him an annual dividend of $12,000.
In this establishment, however, there is a
list of stockholders, and very few of them
are planters. Such will be the relation of
planters to manufacturing establishments
which must soon be built up within the
imits of Georgia,§if they decline not these
suggestions. Such is destiny, and with
the growth of this interest the great miner
al region of Georgia will be developed in
aid of it, and railroads will open the latter
up—will carry and wield both.
I have now, gentlemen, submitted to
you what I had to say, and here beg leave
to commit the matter to you, knowing that
it is deposited in the hands of those who
have the power and intelligence to dispose
of it properly, in which you have my hear
ty wishes ef'success.
Macon, November 17.
REMARKS BY MESSRS. BACON AND YANCEY.
The proceedings of the day were opened
about 12 o’clock, by the presentation to
Hon. Ben. C. Yancey of the invited guests
of the Society by A, 0. Bacon, Esq., who
said :
Mr. President : Asa member of the Re
ception Committee, it affords me pleasure
to present to you, and through you to the
Georgia Agricultural Society, the gentle
men from other States who have visited
us upon this occasion in response to our
invitation. They have come from all the
leading States, from South Carolina to
Wisconsin. Some of them occupy high
official positions, while most, if not all,
the remainder are gentlemen prominently
identified with important industrial enter
prises. They are our guests, and as such
I preeont them to you, that you may ex
press to them, officially, those feelings of
cordial welcome entertained for them by
the members of the Society.
Mr. Yancey then addressed the visiting
gentlemen in a speech warm, eloquent and
cordial in its welcome. We regret that
our notes would only enable us to give an
outline of tbi-, admirable speech, and an
abstract always does inj istice to that which
is eloquently said. He was greeted with
frequent applause by his audience, th*
enthusiasm ofwhich was specially aroused
when, in alluding to the rich resources of
the State, ho bade them look upon the
women of Georgia, her fairest jewels.
Mr. Yancey was responded to on the
part of theinvited guests by Judge Wood
ward, of Pennsylvania, and Gen. Horace
Capron, Comaiissioner of the Agricultural
Bureau, VVasbington, I). C., in the follow
ing words :
RESPONSE OP DON. G. W. WOODWARD, OF
PENNSYLVANIA.
Mr. President, and Gentlemen of the Geor
gia State Agricultural Society :
Several citizen of Middle and Northern
States have come, upon the invitation of
your Society, to witness the renewed ener
gies of Georgia as manifested in this very
successful Fair, and to interchange friendly
salutations with our fellow-citizens of the
South. We were met by a committee of
your body, and to iheir provident polite
ness we are indebted, under the providmee
of God, for a safe and most agreeable
journey. At Atlanta we were kindly re
ceived by Governor Bullock and enter
tained at breakfast, and we came on to
this beautiful city with no accident or de
tention, and here we have been entertained
with a truly Southern hospitality, che
fame of which is world-wide. For ail
these attentions, as weil as for your cor
dial reception on behalf of the Society
over which you preside,my fellow-travellers
have imposed upon me, since we came
upon this platform, the duty of expressing
their heartfelt acknowledgments. In their
name and for myself I return you our
thanks. We have met as friends—as
friends of agriculture, as citizens of a com
mon flag and a common constitution, and
who arc bound to a common destiny. We
have been gratified with the evidence of
prosperity that has met us on every hand.
If your prostration by the war was as
complete as I supposed, you must be the
most energetic and recuperative people of
whom I have ever read.
How much better it is that citizens of
the different sections should meet on such
a peaceful field as this than on the battle
field. War tramples the green earth and
stains it with blood. Agriculture makes it
bring forth bread lor the eater, and fruits
and flowers delight the senses. The voice
of war is carthago delenda est. The pray
er of agriculture is, “thy kingdom come,
give us this day oar daily bread.”
Sir, I have no sympathy with the man
who would drench our native land in blood,
m preference to the cultivation of these
peaceful arts and industries. We North
ern men differ from each other in many
sentiments and opinions ; in many things
we differ from you, aud among yourselves
are diversities of thought and action. But
w e merge all differences; we forget
all disagreeable memories; we leave the
dead past to bury the dead, and we unite
as brethren of a common country to pro
mote the great interests o* agriculture, on
which the prosperity of all States and na
tions are built. Let us dove as brethren.
Let the sections exchange their produc
tions. Let them marry and give in mar
riage. Let the South weleomo Northern
capital and industry, and the near future
shall repair the ravages of war; anew
prosperity shall return South, and then, if
not before, you meD and women of the
South can apply the words that burst from
the lips of Byron, as from Alpine heights
he looked down upon Italian plains—
Oh it is a goodly sight to see
What Heav’n hath done for this delicious
land,
\Vhat fruits of fragrance blush on eve
ry tree,
55 hat goodly prospects o’er Ler hills ex
pand.
Renewing our thanks for your cordial
reception, which we as cordially reciprocate,
I proceed to introduce to you, individual
ly, the members of our delegation.
RESPONSE Os HON. HORACE CAPRON.
Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Agri
cultural Society of Georgia ;
Not to occupy time to tho exclusion of
other gentlemen who may be expected to
address you, I have preferred to reduce to
writing in as condensed a form as possible,
the few practical remarks I propose to of
fer on this occasion, and wi h your per
mission I will proceed to read them :
It is with pleasure that I have respond
ed to your kind invitation, which I have
accepted in the spirit in which it was ten
dered—a spirit of mutual concession, sym
pathy and encouragement. This pleasure
i3 enhanced by a knowledge of the great
resources of your State—a soil rich in all
the elements of fertility and suited in its
variety to the entire circle of the produc
tions of the farm, orchard and garden ;
phosphates and marls, in many localities,
to repair the waste of continued cropping,
and minerals useful in the arts; water
power enough to manufacture all the cot
ton grown in the State, and the imple
ments of agriculture and of other indus-
and a climate in which the cereals
and fruits of temperate zones may flourish
side by side with semi-tropical forms of
vegetation, and in which man may exer
cise in highest health and vigor, all his
mental and physical powers, in subduing
nature, enlarging productions, increasing
wealth, and enhancing human happiness.
With such resources at your command,
with active invention to plan, and in
domitable will to work, who can set a
limit to the career of activity and enter
prise upon which yon have entered ? I
have come among you with some know
ledge of these uatural advantages, and
with a fu’l appreciation of the laudable
ambition that impels you to speak a word
of encouragement—to present the allure
ments of new hopes and new aims and ask
that, extirpating ancient prejudices, for
getting the things which are behind, you
press forward to those which are before—
aiming to advance the united interest, and
brighten the consolidated giory of a great
and growing nation.
The change in your system involves a
radical change in the manner and appli
ances of cultivation ; a necessity which
many of you fully realize and thoroughly
understand. Free labor, to be most effi
cient, must he educited labor—in a cer
tain degree, skilled labor ; it must be sup
ported and supplemented by improved ma
chinery, so that every dollar expended in
the exercise of human muscles may be
come two by the magical augmentation of
rural mechanism. It is thus that our
lands must be cultivated, and crops grown,
in part by brawn, in part by brains.
This change in labor also involves the
necessity for small farms, better culture,
the use of manures, rotations in crops, and
a larger working capital in [ roportion to
permanent investments.
Broad acres of impoverished soil, with
out abundant means for needed fertilizers
and fixtures, machinery and farm animals,
are not only non productive, but absolute
sources of cost and discouragement—a
mill-stone upon the neck of enterprise.
Without a working capita), at least
equal to that invested in land, recupera
tion must bo tedious, and the profits of
farming small ; with its aid in utilizing
the labor at command, that which is more
efficient and intelligent will naturally
flow in. >
The result will be a rapid development,
a higher condition of fertility, larger
crops, valuable aud creditable improve
ments, good neighborhood roads, larger
profits, wealth, comfort and contentment.
Asa natural sequence to this system of
industry, variety in production will take
the place of an increasing culture of cotton
and corn. The broad capabilities of soil
ana climate will have free scope and exer
cise, and while the product of cotton will
be greater than now, there will be corn
enough for man and beast, ’an abundance
of beef, pork and mutton, the finest of
vegetables and rarest of fruits, not alone
for home consumption, but for the supply
of less favored regions. Sugar, in favor
ing soils, may take the place of cotton as
an export crop ; sorghum may yield its
sweets for local use of dwellers among the
hills; a multitude of new and profitable!
crops may swell by millions the grand ag
gregate of the cash receipts of agricultural
labor. Ramie, introduced in 1855 into the
Botanic Garden at Washington, and prop
agated for years in the experimental
garden of the Department of Agriculture,
promises to vie with cotton in profit and
usefulness if the manufacturers succeed in
improving and cheapening its fabrication,
and thus create a . great and permanent
market for the new fibre, which can be
produced in unlimited quantities at rea
sonable rates.
You have also an immeasurable source
of wealth iu the cultivation of fruits; even
that most valuable of' all domestic fruits,
the apple, can be produced here in the
highest perfection. It is true that failures
have resulted from introducing varieties of
Northern origin, but your pomologists
have collected native varieties fully equal
in flavor and keeping qualities to the best
of those from any other section.
Merely mentioning the j:ear and the
peach, the latter especially reveling in
your bright and lengthened Summers, al
low me to direct your attention to the fig
and the grape. The former of these proba
bly requires less skill in propagation and
care in culture or in drying or other prepa
ration for market than any other fruit of
value. The grape, more capricious as to
climate or locality,can here CDjoy its favor
ed region; on your hill sides, the best table
and wine grapes of the Northern States
will attain perfection, and it is prophesied
that only the elevated lands and mountain
slopes of the Southern States will the re
gion be found that is to yield wines equal
to a Johannisburger, a Tokay, or a Mar
gtaux, while in your lower lands you have
the famous Scuppernoog, thatevcm now is
highly esteemed, both here and in foreign
countries. Vast developments await you in
this direction, and when you reflect that
oven on your worn out land—unfit for corn
or cotton—fruits and vines may be pro
duced in the greatest abundance and
perfection, the propriety of giving at
tention to these crops will become apparent
Nor will this measure of diversity suffice.
Manufactures must occupy the sites of
water powers; and the surplus forest pro
ducts be used in propelling machinery by
steam, thus beautifying your State and
enriching your people not only by their
products and profits of this industry, but
by the stimulus it wi'l afford to agriculture
in the consumption of its products and the
enhancement of their values. I hope to
sec the day when, with the .help of manu
facturers in other States of this country,
we may be able to manufacture every
pound of cotton that we can produce. You
may in self-defence be compelled to do it,
as Great Britain is already preparing to
colonize India with the skilled laborers of
Lancashire, as teachers and directors of
the teeming millions whose services may
be had for a remuneration scarcely ap
preciable. Ship abroad among the
nations of the earth, at little cost far
freight and commissions, ail your cotton in
yarns and iabrics, bearing the added value
of much cunning labor, ready for the
markets of the world, rather than depend
upon the wants or the caprice of other
nations for the sale of the raw material.
The small beginning of five and a halt
millions of pounds of cottun manufactured
in this country in 1791, increasing to fifty
millions in 1821, has augmented to four
hundred and fifty millions in 1808—one
million bales of 450 pounds each—a con
sumption greater than that attained in
1150. It will continue to increase, and
with its swelling volume change the whol i
current of trade, advancing our na'ional
wealth and prosperity.
We must not ignore the efforts of the
British Cotton Commission to attain inde
fendence of foreign markets through their
□dian empire. It is true that the fibre
known as “surats” sells at lower rates
chan our uplands, but it should be remem
bered that it is owing more to careless
handling than to any defect in the staple
itself', and that strenuous and systematic
efforts are producing a cleaner and better
fibre. If the “Dhers” with their clumsy
machinery, have produced from this coti on
—with careful manipulation of the fibre
from the beginning—the finest thread
known measuring 150 miles to the pound,
and running to No. 200 in fineness, may
not the teaching and practice of skilled
English laborers in India yet incite a
bharper competition than we have hereto
fore encountered ? Portions of India pos
sesses some of the most productive soils of
the world, peculiar y adapted to the
growth of cotton. Their success is shown
in the following statement;
The annual consumption for the whole of
Europe at present is about 3,800,000
bales (it has been greater), of which
America sends ah ou 1,500,000 bales,
J, Ddla “ “ 1,400,000
* “ 250,000
orazii “ SQo oqq
Other countries sends ah’t 350^000
Approximately 4,000,000
v re j > j l '^ cd by the Indian Commissioner,
let I do not believe we are to lose the
first rank as a cotton producing nation.
Our opportunity lies in a better and more
perfect cultivation of the soil, its thorough
aeration, draining in heavy lands and lib
eral manuring ; a more complete adapta
tion of tho implements of its culture to
their peculiar work, the invention oflabor
saving expedients and processes, and the
reduction to a minimum of the costly use
of human muscle ; a regular rotation sys
tem of cropping, by which the soil may be
instantly improving rather than contin
ually •'wearing our,” and finally a proper
ma P'P u lation of the fibre for market, by
Hhieh uniformity of length, freedom from
foreign admixture and perfect cleanliness
besecured. These are the points in
which India cotton deficient and in
which ours must continue to excel. To
secure a longer, finer and evener staple is
entirely practicable. It, however, can on
ly bo accomplished by observing the great
laws of reproduction on which all improve
ment in animal and vegetable species is
founded. The key to this progress exists
ma single word—“pedigree.” Select a
plant producing abundantly a superior
fibre ; plant its seed in a genial and well
cultivated soil, select again and again from
its progeny the finest and the best, dis
carding all else, and few years will elapse
ere marked results will prove the great
utility aud exceeding profit of th i effort
In this connection I present the suggestion
of an experimental farm, established by
your State government, and conducted by
au experienced and intel.igent planter,
where new varieties of cotton may be pro
duced aud foreign varieties tested. I would
also commend to each individual planter
the necessity of a constaut regard to this
principle of selection, in the planting of
every crop be may attempt to cultivate.
I deire also to call your attention to the
importance of a system of co-operation
among planters for the destruction of the
cotton caterpillar when it first makes its
appearance either, as a caterpillar, or in
its perfect state. While their numbers
are few, any expense necessary tor their
extirpation would be a profitable outlay;
when they swarm by millions in every field
their presence is disheartening and their
destruction impossible. Let these con
siderations be regarded, with intelligent
labor, aud a personal supervision by the
observant planter, and you may dely the
competition of the world, produce a fibre
unsurpassed, and realize a profit ample for
any want, aud to satisfy every require
ment ofluxury.
In such views of progress I personally
feel a deep aDd untiring interest. To as
sist in forwarding them you may command
my constant endeavors ad Commissioner of
Agriculture and co-operation and aid, so
far as the limited means at command may
permit. The magnitude of the interests
involved, and the effective manner in which
the Department may fdvance them, lead
me to believe that larger appropriations by
Congress will herealter permit wider and
deeper usefulness,and that while hundreds
of millions are given to railroads, a mere
moiety at least, may he accorded to ad
vance the progress of agriculture. This
Department now oonsists of divisions of
statistics, agricultural chemistry, botany
—to which attached is>n herlarium—nat
ural history and practical horticulture.
The first is the office of publication from
which .are issued the annual of nearly a
quarter of a million of volumes, and a
monthly report of tweuty-five thousand
copies, embodying official data from thou
sands of correspondents and nearly every
county in the Union.
In connection with a museum of natural
hist ry t as allied to agriculture is .an
economio collection exhibiting the pro
cesses of manufacture of the raw products
of agricultural industry, in which the tex
tile arts, the making of sugars and dyes,
and the utilization and extension of the
primitive products of the earth are illus
trated and described.
The experimental garden—to which has
lately been added an aboretum—is a thea
tre of active and intelligent effort, includ
ing the test and propagation of exotic
fruits for your own favored section, and
tho introduction of new and promising
plants suited to every climate.
The chemical seetioD of the Department
is occupied with the examinations of the
natural sources of agricultural wealth, in
mineral deposits. The kaowledge of the
composition and food of plau f s is being in
creased by scientific investigation. A
series of analyses of cereal grains is con
templated for the purpose of determining
the amount of influence which the latitude,
soil and climate of different localities exert
upon the growth of our food plants. A
collection of specimens representing our
agricultural and economic geology and
mineralogy will afford a valuable display of
the rock st> ata of the whole country, and
serve to complete the efficiency of this di
vision.
The Library of the Department, though
not expensive, i-s receiving large additions
by purchase and exchange with numerous
scientific and agricultural societies in Eu
rope, Asia, Africa, and even the Islands of
the Pacific.
A system of exchange of seeds and plants
is in operation embracing societies, indus
trial colleges, and botanical gardens,
throughout the world. An extensive cor
respondence is conducted, embracing the
entire country and the whole range of prac
tical agriculture. All these parts of our
organization are working harmoniously,
and I hope in some degree effectively, and
all are laboring for the advancement by
equal steps, of every section and every
rural interest in our broad land. And in
the coming general prosperity and univer
sal progress. I hope and pray your favor
ed State may have its full and generous
share!
At the conclusion of the reception ad
dresses. Hon. Ben. C. Yancey then intro
duced General Wade Hampton, of South
Carolina, orator of the day, whose remarks
are given in full, and which will be read by
every one with peculiar interest and plea
sure.
ORATION BY GENERAL WADE
HAMPTON OF SOUIII
CAROLINA,
DELIVERED AT THE GEORGIA STATE FAIR, IN
macon, nov. 17th, 1809.
Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Agri
cultural Society :
At the revival of letters, it was not un
usual for the historian, in giving the his
tory of even the smallest State, to begin
with an account of the creation of the
world ; and if it is even admissablo now to
follow the example of these mediicval wri
ters, it would seem to be in treating of
Agriculture, the earliest occupation of
man. When the earth was fresh from the
hand of its Creator, the great forefather of
the human race was commanded by his
Maker to keep and work the Eden in
which he was placed. We are told that
Noah, when he left the ark and began, as
it were, anew creation, was a farmer and
a vine-dresser. The children of Israel,
toiling through the burning sands of Ara
bia, were cheered enward toward Canaan,
not by the promise of national greatness
and renown, nor of richness and splendor,
but by the assurance that they should find
a land of corn and of wine. They were
to farm the soil and prune the vine,
and they rendered thanks to God for the
beauty of nature in their great feasts at the
first fruits and at the ingathering of crops,
when the farmer might rejoice and the song
of the vintage be heard. When the In
carnate God was about to rise from earth
to Heaven, did He not leave as symbols of
His eternal covenant between the two—
the produce of the field and vineyard—
bread and wine? And what subject more
appropriate to engage the attention of the
people of this great State, than that which
has called together this vast assemblage?
For this is “Georgia,” whose very name is
a synonym for Agriculture. Let me, then,
take as my subject the theme which since
the days of the Mantuan bard has inspired
the sweetest lays of the poets of all lands;
has called forth the eloquence of their
orators, and won the praise of their phi
losophers and divines.
W hen man’s disobedience brougli t a curse
on the earth, the mandate of Jehovah went
forth, “In the sweat of thy face shalt thou
eat bread, till thou return unto theground.”
And that decree is yet in full force, bnt it
has been mercifully ordained that along
with the punishment a blessing comes:
“ ’Tis the primal curse,
But soften’d into mercy made the pledge
Os cheerful days, and nights without a groan.”
But, while selecting Agriculture as my
theme, it is with the utmost diffidence that
I venture to discuss before the agricultur
ists of Georgia, who are deservedly regard
ed as among the most practical, scientific
and successful in the South, any subject
pertaining to their vocation, for I feel my
inability to throw light on questions so
ably expounded by- the men who have so
nobly illustrated their calling. But as the
whole agricultural system of the South has
undergone a sudden and violent revolution,
as it is now in a state of transition, it is
only by free consultation, by collating the
experience of every planter, that we can
educe the true principles on which to build
up and maintain anew system. In the
hope, then, that I may contribute some
thing, however small, to the general fund
of knowledge, I shall give you the result
of my reflections on the present condition
and future prospects of the Agriculture of
the South. In doing this, I shall necessa
rily touch on topics of a mere general and
comprehensive character; thereby involv
ing not only the agricultural, but the na
tional, social and political interests of the
South. These interests are so hound to
gether, so dependent on each other, that
one can Dot be discussed, without touching
to some extent on all. Beyond what this
mutual connection and dependence ren
ders necessary, I shall not. of course enter
the fixed domain of political disciWon
not only because it would bo unbecoming
to do so on an occasion of this kind but
because I feel an abiding conviction that
the people of Georgia need no exhorts-tion
to make them cling with unshaken hold
to the ever-living principles taught by the
fathers of the Republic, the only true faith.
In order to estimate properly the resources
aud power of the South, we must consider
what was her condition when the war
ended, and what she has accomplished in
the brief period that has elapsed. 5VLat,
then, was her condition when peace was
proclaimed? Her cities were in .ashes;
smouldering ruins of once happy and pros
perous homesteads marked the broad tract
over which the crimson tide of war had
swept! Her fields, once smiling in beauty
and rich with boundless wealth, were de
vastated ; the labor which had subdued
the lerest and given this wide and fertile
domain to .civilization, was rudely de
stroyed; her commerce was dead; her
railroads, with all other internal improve
ments, were broken up; her temples of
learning, and even her altars to the living
God, had been cast down ; her surviving
children were despoiled, while throughout
all her coasts she bewailed her countless
and noble dead, who slept beneath the soil
they had fought so heroically, though so
vainly, to defend. The pathetic language
in which the inspired prophet of old laid
before his God the sorrows of his people,
as he prayed for their deliverance, could
well have been applied to us.
“ Remember, O Lord, what ii come upon us ; consid
er aud behold our repAvach.”
"Our inheritance is turned to strangers : ourhouses
to aliens.’’
“ Our necks are under persecution : wo labor and
have no rest.’’
given the land to the Egyptians and to
the Assyrians to be satisfied with bread.”
~. , ave ni led over us, and there is none
that doth deliver us out of their bauds. We looked
for peace but no good came, and for a time of health
and behold trouble! ’’
Such, without exaggeration, was our
condition, and it was one that might well
have appalled the stoutest heart, but,
thanks be to God, our people are ot sterner
stuff than to yield themselves a prey to un
manly despair. Girding up their loins,
and gathering around them their shattered
household gods, they set themselves to
“ put their house in order, not to die, but
to live.” Difficulties vanished before their
fixed purpose to overcome them. In spite
of inimical legislation, in spite ot unjust
taxation, in spite of that horde of political
adventurers who flocked here to drain the
life-blood of our people, like the vultures
of old which gathered around the bound
and prostrate giant, tearing with bloody
beaks his still living heart: in spite of the
seasons themselves, which seemed to war
against them, they have passed in safety
through the narrow straits of poverty, and
not far distant they behold the golden
waves of an ocean of prosperity. Let mo
not be understood, my friends, whilst hold
ing up to your view the promise of this
prosperity, which seems to be already
within your grasp and indicating anything
beyond that material ]prosperity which
comes from a wide and general diffusion
of wealth among a people. That higher
and nobler prosperity which only liberty
gives, and which a free and virtuous peo
ple alone can enjoy, you will have to
achieve by slow and painful steps; by pa
tient endurance; by ceaseless vigilance;
by stern adherence to principle. National
wealth, bringiug, as it does, material pros
perity to a people, is to be desired ; not
for the ease and luxury which follow in
its train, but as a means of giving national
power, by which a peoplo can secure and
maintain their liberties. It then becomes
an honorable end ; but w© should always
bear in mind that it will be dearly bought,
if, in exchange for it, we barter away faith,
and honor, and truth. Better—a thousand
fold better—to live poor, virtuous, and
free, rather than rich, vicious, ami en
slaved. All history is full of examples to
“ Teach us that States, ot native strength possest,
Though very poor, may still be very blest;
And self-dependent power can Time defy.
As rocks resist the billows and the sky."
It is often more difficult to meet pros
perity than to bear adversity. The men
of the South have borne the latter brave
ly, manfully, nobly ; let not the incoming
tide of the former shake their integrity.
“If riches increase, set not your heart on
them,” but use them wisely to promote the
happiness, to develop the resources—moral
as well as material—to augment the power,
and to preserve the liberty of your coun
try. Devote your wealth to these ends,
and it will be blessed alike of God and of
man. Tho dawn of a brighter day for the
South begins to dispel the gloom in which
she was left by the war, and to her agri
culturists, more than to any other class, is
she indebted for this auspicious change ;
for, after all, the true and permanent
wealth of a people springs from the pro
duct of the soil. 5Ve cannot, it is true,
grow “ greenbacks; nor do we of the South
comprehend the secrets of that wondrous
alchemy which transforms these pictured
“promises to pay” into these prccieus
medals which, among nations behind us
perhaps in political economy, are alone re
garded as money; hut we, and we alone,
grow in perfection those great staples
which the world demands as necessaries
or luxuries. Cotton may, perhaps, be no
longer King, for in these days, wlienmob
ocracy has dethroned law and constitu
tions, he, too, may have shared the same
fate, but he bids fair to remount his throne
long before his fellow-sufferers are rein
stated on theirs. Already he grasps his
sceptre with no unsteady hand, and we
may hope to see him, ere long resume the
imperial purple and royal diadem. How
can we, as legal subjects, hasten his re
sumption of authority ? For an answer I
point to the men of whom Georgia may
well be proud—the Dicksons, the Lock
etts, the Pendletons, and others of her
eminent planters; th» lien who have
taught not only theoretically, but practi
cally, the great lesson how to produce the
greatest amount of cotton on the smallest
area of ground with the most economical
expenditure of labor. They have show*
how even our exhausted land?, under judi
cious aDd scientific culture, can be made
as productive as the virgin and teeming
soil of the great Delta of the Mississippi,
and if he “ who makes two blades of grass
to grow where only one grew before” is
entitled to the gratitude of mankind, what
a debt does the South owe to those who
have made this true of her great staple ?
With the example of their brilliant success
before you, it would be presumption in me
to attempt to instruct the planters of
Georgia as to the proper cultivation of
cotton, and it is more appropriate that
I should come before them as a dis
ciple, rather than as a teacher. 1 prefer,
therefore, on this occasion, to consult with
my brother planters on more general top
ics ; these cardinal interests, which hinge
on agriculture. I have presented to you a
picture, faint it is true, of the condition of
the South, at the cessation of hostilities.
Let us see what she has accomplished since
that time. She has systematized and made
available that labor which the war nad
rendered the most unprofitable and unre
liable in the world. She has evolved order
out of chaos. She has opened direct com
munication with Europe. Her cotton
factories, which have been able to sell
their goods in Boston lower than the fab
rics ot Lowell, are springing up all over
the country. Her cities and her railroads
have been rebuilt. The doors of her in
stitutions of learning are again open, and
the spires of her Temples again point to
wards Heaven. She has added to the
wealth of the world from the product of
the soil, hundreds of millions ot dollars;
her exports in the past year alone amount
to millions more than half the exporta
tions of the whole country, an ! stranger
than all else, it was her arm, paralyzed
though it be, that has saved the Federal
Government from national bankruptcy.
May not the people of the South well he
proud of these wonderful results, accom
plished by their industry, their will, their
energy, their intellect, and their honest and
manly toil ? And have they not cause to
be profoundly grateful to that God who
has bestowed on them in th* deep sorrow
and heavy trials He has seen fit to bring
upon them?
•• Thank Him who baa placed us here
Beneath so kind a sky. The very aun
Takes part with us; and on our errands run
All breezes of the ocean. Dew and rain,
Do noiaeleas battle for na; and the year
And all her gentle daughters in her t rain
March in our ranks, and in our service wield
Long spears of goiden grain !
A yellow blossom as her fairy shield,
June dings her azure banner to the wind;
While in the order of their birth,
Her Bistera pass: and many an ample field
Grows white beneath their steps; till now behold
Its endless sheet unfold
The snow of Southern Summers. ’*
Besides this snow of Southern Summers
which brings more of wealth than th*
golden showers that fell in the lap of
Ban®, this fair land of ours, “where every
season smiles,” rewards the labor, of the
husbandman with abundant harvests of
sugar, rice, tobacco, hemp, sorghum, and
ull the cereal crops, while deep in its bo
som lie hid boundless treasures of mineral
wealth rich as the mines of Goiconda or
the auriferous sands of California. All
these prolific sources of wealth need but
the application of labor, skill and science
for their full development; and that our
people possess all these qualities in a de
gree second to none, the history of the last
few years fully proves. For proof, I need
only refer to the extraordinary mechanical
activity and ingenuity displayed by them
during the war, when they not only fed
and clothed our armies, but made the
arms, which 'in many a bloody and glori
ous field were crowned with brilliant
victory and deathless glory. This alone
proves the ability of our people to com
pete as successfully in the departments of
the mechanical arts, as they have done in
agriculture, with all other nations, and
shows that they need only proper incen
tives to make them foremost in all those
peaceful pursuits that give dignity* and
strength to a people, as they were fore
most in war. Are incentives wanting to
call forth oar noblest energies? Look
around, and we shall find them on every
side. We have to organize an*w the gov