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Adores# WALSH * WRIGHT,
C;in ’irr.r, k Angrtt*. G -.
iLijiom'clc anb iSrutnul.
WEDNESDAY JUNBfi, 1875.
MINOR TOPICS.
It is wil that there are 400 journal* devoted
to religious I.W rat are u> the Ui.ited State-; am.
tins rather profane character of eomeof then.
t,o a n to ko round .* so many.
Vice-President Wit-on failed to secure the
confidence of the darkies at Memphis, as i*
aliowH by the following c u vernation between
two of the ebony-litied race last week “Say
Bill, wiiai’s do am*; ob dat fellah from Want
ington? Hah you seed him?’ “Yes, Is e<;
him. He’s gwiue to start anudder FreedmanV
Hawk.” *'t)e debhil he is ! Well, dat’s enufl
fur me.”
The (Umrirr-Journal has referred to the
demolition of the time-honored story ah ui
old General Putnam dashing down the hteej
steps of Morse Ne k on hor-ehack daring the
w.ir of tlio Devolution, and the sir stitution
therefor of a narrative which makes Putnam
walk hi- horse lei-nr ly down a well-construct
ed zig-zig highway, ibis later story re
ceives coiitirmat on from a correspond etft of
the Albany Argun, who says his grandfather
made the road * utnain traveled on, and that
the General did not touch the steps.
It w as not surprising to read the intelligence
that Mrs. Lincoln had been adj dged insane
by tin Cook County Court on Wednesday, foi
several years ago her eccentricities in Chicago
were the subject of much comment. Her be
lief w.ih that Chicago was to be burned U|
again, and she recently drew $57,000 worth of
bonds out of bank and carried the\n on her
person for .safety. In this act she might pos
sibly bo judged eminently saue, but her limit
less purchases of articles she did not need and
many strange hallucinations gave evidence of
her failing mind.
The fo lowing stock sales are reported by the
Charleston AVwwi aiul Courier: Two shares
Hank Charleston .National Hanking Association
stock at SB9; two shares Uuion Bank stock at
S4SS); fifteen shares Planters’ and Mechan
ics* Bank stock at $8: $l3O State -oufh Caro
lina stock with interest, at 30c.; four shares
tSouth Carolina Railroad and Bank stock at
$0 50 ; eight and one-half shares South Caro
lina I tail roail stock at $4 ; ten shares Charles
ton Gaslight Company stock at S2O 25; SSOO
Charleston Firo Loan bond* at C9jo.
There is an old story about a clergyman
leaving bis parrot, squirrel and monkey in a
room together, and returning to find that a
terrible tripartite tight had occurred. The
feathers had been pulled from the back of the
parrot, the monkey had lost piecos of flesh
from various parts of his body, and the squir
rel's tail ha l been bitten off The parrot was
perched disconsolately on the back of a chair,
and. upon the entrance of the clergyman, it
explained in a pitiful tone, “We’ve had a
of a time.” Wasn’t the Beecher-Bowen-Tilton
three-cornered tight of somewhat the sam<*
sort ? And couldn’t one of them aptly use tlio
words of the parrot ?
Henry N Mygatfc had a good clerkship in the
Treasury Department at Washington, and
many f lends of a too convivial kind. He con
tracted such an appetite for alcohol that, de
spairing of reform in the midst of social temp
tation.ho resigned his place and went to Green
ville. Mass. There, among strangers, he took
a olerksh p in a clothing store, hoping that
hard ork and isolation would aid lum tore
Hist his c irse. In this he was mistaken. A
few diYH ago he ki led himself with laudanum,
leaving a written statement to the effect that
hoSvould not live a drunkard and could not live
anything else.
A young gentleman who was obliged to wait
until he could have a charcoal furnace ex
pressly made to order at Hartford for the pur
pose of killing himself, has left a posthumous
complaint of the inefficiency of the medical !
profe sion. alleging that under a proper sys- j
tiuu. insfc ad of taking the trouble of amateur !
Buicidefche should have boon able ** to go to a j
physician and be put to death painlessly" j
secundum arte n. The charge i-* scarcely just, j
however ; medical men daily vindicate their i
unerring ability to ktil th*ir pationts, not, per
haps so rapidly as by means <>f charcoal fumes, j
but in a far moro scion itic maimer.
The steady and rapid increase of crime in i
the city and county of New York is assigned j
a* the reason for appointing a legislative !
committee to sit during recess and investigate j
the causes, with a view to ascertaining whether !
the laws or the Courts are to blame. One pro j
vision of ihe resolution constituting this com- :
mittee is peculi r, namely, that the State shall !
boat uoexpense for tlio support of its mem- i
here at hotels. Th y will have to depeud on
their per diem, the same as though they were
iu legislative session at Albany? The smaller j
Courts ot the metropolis, and some of the j
higher oues, view the movement with anything j
but favoring eyes.
Bishop Wilmer, of Louisiana, has published |
a pamphlet, entitled “A Defense of Louisiana,”
in which ho replies to the attacks made upon
him for bis evidence before th© Louisiana In
vestigating Committee, and for his protest in
tended to purge the people of his diocese from
the charge of disloyalty and lawlessness.—
Bishop Wilmer declares that th© people of In-
State have accepted the results of the war j
without mental reservation; that they are suf
fering from onerous taxation withot re pre
sent a ion; that the State government is power- j
less to inspire confidence, and that the adven- j
Hirers who are feeding upon tlio strength of j
the State instigate the negroes io acts of ag
gressiou and armed insurrection against the j
whites.
Dr. Otto Leibreieh. the famous German phy- |
eiciau. has lately discovered five new amvsthet- j
ic agents, one of which, entitle l “Douomuie.” i
possesses tiie wonderful power of putting the |
patient into a deep but healthy sleep. One hour ;
of sleep induced by it is equivalent in repara
tive power to eight hours of ordinary sleep. j
The slumber is profound, aud th© medulla <x’>* j
tonga;a. whence are spread the nerves which
govern the luugs. must be powerfully effected, |
for the breathing is deep and rapid, whereby
enormous quantities of oxygen are taken into
the system and a pr portionate amount of
carbon eliminated If more extended experi
ments estalbh the hai mlessness that is claimed
for this new drug, the name of Leibreieh will
become familiar as a benefactor of suffering
humanity.
Three great singers will vbit these shores
with the view of reviving our taste for opera
and extracting our shekels. The first and
most illustrious of these is Madame Tietjeus.
the only one of the first-class prima donnas '
dominating the European lyric stage who h s
not been in America. She comes at a cost to !
her manager of not less than that which was ,
paid by for Nilsson. The other
acquisitions will be Madame Peschka-Leutner.
whose phenomenal voice burst upon the
astonished ears of the Americans at the Bos
ton Jubilee three years ago. aud Herr Waeh
tel. the great German basstf The latter
created an extraordinary sensation during a
brief visit to this country in D72. Madame
Pesehka-Leutucr was under a life contract
with a German opera house, but it appears
that she has been able to buy her freedom.
The Russian punch must be a nice driuk. It
is made of a mixture of vodka, champagne,
nawika (which is defined as a kind of goose
berry wine, resembling tue French c&sis. which
is much affected by the Russians'* and any
other kind of wine that may be at hand Apri
cots, melons and cucumbers are put iu to flavor
and sugar to sweeten it, and the yrhole is then
ignited and aliowed-to burn until it boils. Sen
sible people who should see such a drink as
this and become acquainted with its prepara
tion. would know what to do with it without
any hesitation. But there are some remarka
ble individuals who thiuk it proves nothing to
have other people experiment with such a com
pound; they must try it for themselves. It
looks as if Mr. MacGahan had felt called upon
to allow tlie mixture to work on his own con
stitution. for he says : ‘•Though palatable and
inrinuatiug, it is the mo t and abolical c mpound
I have ever tasted. Every drop of it is laden
with headache for a week and dyspepsia for a
fortnight.**
A CAKD.
The Atlanta Herald charges the writer
with the commission of an unfair and
unjournalistio act in publishing a letter
from Governor Smith to Secretary Fish,
in reference to the appointment of the
Georgia Commissioner to the Centen
nial, and omitting the reply of the latter,
which explained away the offense caused
by a “clerical mistake*’ in the Department
of State at Washington.
Daring a recent visit to Atlanta the
writer paid his reapects to Governor
Smith. In the course of conversation
some reference was made which lead to
the reading of the letter to Secretary
Pish, Governor Smith stating distinctly
at the same time that an explanation was
made by the Secretary of State who, en
closed a modified form of an oath to be
subscribed by the Georgia Commissioner
and stating further that the iron-clad
oath was forwarded by mistake. This
explanatory letter was not. read, but the
snbstance was given verbally.
Struck by the remarkable fitness and
ability of Gov. Smith’s letter, I solicited
a copy for publication, expressing sur
prise that it was uot published before,
file Governor gave his for not
publishing it at the time as his motivi3s
might l* miaotmotraed, fl'Y did Jtq. Jgy
■UK?"W tfif letter pnlSlisliM now,
bat, after arßinf? the propriety of its I
publication, he consented that I might
take a copy.
On returning home I wrote to Atlan
ta, requesting u gentleman there to send
m>; a copy of Gov. Smith’s letter to Sec
retary Fish, which was published iu the
Chuonicle and Sentisbii. I did not
ask for a copy of Mr. Kish's letter, which
would have beeu readily furnished. Gov
Smith is above reproach in the premi
ses, as he had nothing whatever to do
with the publication, except to give his
con.sent for me to obtain a copy of his
letter. This explanation is due aud is
cheerfully and'voluntarily made.
Whatever act of omission there may
have been on ray part, in not procuring
Secretary Fish’s letter for publication,
or in not giviug the necessary explana
tion as to the withdrawal of the iron
clad oath, there was no sin of commis
sion. I have no partisan bitterness, nor
do I wish to stir up prejudices against
the Centennial, even if I had the power.
The columns of this paper bear evi
dence to the liberality of the political
opinions of its editors aud their attach
ment to our common country. I have
as much love for the Constitution and
the Union as those who call my patriot
ism into question.
As to the charges of the Herald, I
have simply to say that they do me in
justice. The editors of that paper know
that I am not a sensationalist, nor has
it been my custom, during twelve years
association with the press of this city,
to be guilty of unfair and unjournalistio
acts.
Iq order that ample justice may be
done, and that any erroneous impres
sions conceived may be removed, the
correspondence between Gov. Smith
and Hon. Hamilton Fish is published
iti full. Patrick Walsh.
JOHNSON AND JENKINS.
The LaGrange Reporter thinks there
are “ two men in Georgia who would
“ honor the office of Governor ; we refer
“ to Hebschel V. Johnson and Charles
“J. Jenkins. These are men whom in
“ the past the peoplo have delighted to
“ honor and whom, in the future, they
“ would be delighted to honor again.
“ They are unquestionably men of the
“ first rank, they are the only men
“ whose names should 1 e brought be
“ fore tlio nominating convention ; and
“ tlio people—the entire people—of
“ Georgia would be perfectly satisfied
“ with either one of them. This cannot
“ be said of any man whose friends are
“now pressing his name for nomina
“ tion. Nominate any one of the pres
“ ent aspirants, and lie would not be
“ the choice of the whole people ; but
“ let Jenkins or Johnson be nominated
“ aud there would not boa dissenting
“ voice from the mountains to the sea.
“ These men are iu the full possession
“ of their intellectual powers, ripe and
“ vigorous with the exercise of many
“years of public service. They are old
“ men, wise and discreet, and ambitious
“ only to do right. They do uot aspire
“ to tlio office and this is one strong
“ reason why they should be brought
“ before the convention. Those whose
“ names have been proposed are all
“ younger men, and if the people want
“ them it will not be too late to call for
“ them several years hence. I! the
“ State needs the services of Gov. Jen
“ kins or Gov. Johnson, it must have
“ them as soon as possible. Without
“ iutendiug any disparagement to any
“ of the gentlemen who have been pro
“ posed for the nomination, we should
“ like to see the contest narrowed down
“to Messrs. Jenkins and Johnson.
“ Either would do.”
Without having the slightest reason
for believing that either of the gentle
men above named havetbe slightestidea
of running for Governor, aud without
any intimation that either of them de
sires or would accept 1i nomination, we
publish this"deserved tribute to the
ability, the integrity and the patriotism
of these two distinguished men, because
we know its perusal will give pleasure
to every Georgian.
A POLITICAL WHAT .MIGHT-HAVE ■
BEEN.
Uuder this caption the Cincinnati
Gazette gives a synopsis of an article in
the last number of the Atlantic Monthly
by Robert Dale Owen, in which tl\e
latter tells how the present XIY Amend
ment to the National Constitution came
to be passed aud his own plan for sup
plying its place to be defeated. He
styles his article “Political Results of |
the Varioloid,” referring to the fact that 1
Senator Fess-ndsn’s illness from that
disease changed the reconstruction pro
gramme of the country.
Mr. Owen says that iu the Winter of
lSfio-’fiti he devised a plan for a constitu
tional amendment which should protect
the freedmen and at the same time i
guard the country from the evil of their
unintelligent voting. His scheme in
volved the immediate civil equality of
persons of all colors, the repudiation of
all rebel debts, and the conferring of
suffrage on the blacks on and after July
4. 1876. He thought that they needed
! ten years’ training before becoming in
telligent citizens. These points were
worked into a proposed constitutional
amendment. He showed it to Thad
; Stevens, and found him very bitter
against the “cursed rebels,” as he called
them. Mr. Owen showed him that the mea-
I sure would not help them, and that the
I probation imposed on the freedmen was
the same in principle, if longer in dura
j tion, than that required of foreign
ers. Finally, Mr. St vens became con
vinced that Mr. Owen was right, and
the latter added to his amendment a
provision removing the disabilities to
which the inhabitants of any rebel
j had been subjected—high officials alone
| excepted—as soon as that State should
ratify the amendment. This Mr.
Stevens thought to be far too lenient,
but was at last made to see that though
the rebels would have the same number
of Senators, whether they repented or
not, they would lose in the number of
their Representatives by excluding the
black basis of representation. Ho
promised to give the amendment his
support iu the joint committee on recon
struction.
Senator Fessenden, who was next
visited, cationsly lent the scheme his
approval, after considering it for two
days; Washbdkne, Conklino, Howard
1 aud Boutwell were essentially of the
; same opinion. Bingham was favorable
i with some qualifications, while Mr.
ScvNEB strongly opposed it on princi
ple. When the committee finally met,
Fessenden was sick, as above mention
ed. Mr. Owen’s draft was rejected, and
; a very nnsatisfactory substitute was
adopted for recommendation to Con
gress. Had Fessenden been present,
the results would have been dif
ferent in all probability. It was thought
to be due to him to postpone the matter
until his recovery. Before the subject
came up again its nature had leaked
out. The politicians were alarmed.
Their dread of committing the Republi
can party to. negro suffrage was very
great. New York, Hlinois and Indiana
members were scared, and so nothing
was done in regard to suffrage for four
years. Then, in 1870, the 15th amend
ment was passed. The 14th, as adopted,
says nothing abot voting, except ip
iffai ffiofopTiTation deprived |
of the right of suffrage shall not bensed
as a basis of representation. So, during
nearly half of Mr. Owen’s period of pro
bation,in which the freedmen were to be
made fit for complete citizenship, they
were deprived of voting, with no well
defined hope of a future extension of
their privileges. Had President Lin
coln been alive, Mr. Owen is quite sure
that his plan would have been adopted.
Had this been its fortune, he believes
that both the white and colored people
of the South would have been more
easily reconciled to each other, and the
latter have become better fitted for the
right of suffrage.
As a matter of fact, Mr. Robert Dale
Owen is very badly mistaken if he
thinks that the negroes were deprived of
the right to vote uutil 1870. Unless
Btjllock was a myth and Blodgett a
dream, the colored vote was making
things lively in the South as early as the
Spring of 1867.
“ ACCEPTING THE SITUATION. ”
Under this caption the New York
Times publishes a very humorous edi
torial, giving an account of the ejection
of Hon. A. H. Stephens, 001. Clisby,
senior editor of the Macon Telegraph
and Messenger, aud Hon. Cincinnatus
Peeples from the colored car on the
Macon Division of the Central Railroad.
The joke is well worked up, and is very
entertaining reading. Mr. Peeples is
clothed iu a white wool hat, and is made
to figure as a very venerable old gentle
man. There are the customary and
somewhat stale witticisms concerning
Mr. Stephens’ attenuated frame, his
briar-wood pipe, his speeches, and his
newspaper paragraphs. Every one, of
course, knows that the ex-Vice-Presi
deut is exceedingly illiterate, aud hence
recognizes the entire appropriateness of
his using such phrases as “tote f’ar.”
The whole thing is excruciatingly fun
ny, and we do not doubt that the
sides of all the subscribers to the Times
must have ached for days after its pub
lication. Wo understand that one of
the gentlemen of the party has no recol
lection of any such scene occurring as
the one described; but, of course, this
statement will not at all detract from
the exquisite humor of the production.
THE MACON AND BRUNSWICK
(JAiSEi
According to our special telegram
from Atlanta, published yesterday morn
ing, the case of John P. Branch against
the Receiver of the Macon and Bruns
wick Railroad—brought to tet the vali
dity of the act of the State in seizing
the road and ordering its sale without
making provision for the payment of the
second mortgage bonds the endorse
ment of which was repudiated by the
State—has come to naught. Judge
Bradley, before whom the case was
argued, held that the bill filed by
Branch, though nominally against the
Receiver waf really a proceediug against
the State and was therefore not cogniz
able by the Courts. The merits of the
cause were not passed upon at all, the
Court simply deciding the question of
jurisdiction. We say now, what we
have often said before, that these second
mortgage bonds are a just debt against
the State and one which the State is in
honor bond to recognize and assume.—
It is to be regretted that the holders of
the bonds were forced into Court,
to obtain their fights, and it is also to
be regretted that the Court', deemed
itself without the power to give them
justice. We trust that the Legislature
at its next session will reverse its action
of last Winter and provide for the pay
ment of obligations which they once ex
amined and proclaimed to the world to
be valid.
The girls of Indiana are perfectly able
to take care of themselves. A signifi
cant story comes to us from Columbus
in that State. Mr. Henry Palmer had
wooed aud won the affections of Miss
Hannah Petillool, of Columbus, but j
had neglected to win her muscular I
brother, who felt called upon to whip
him, and did so. Then Palmeb got mad
and took another girl to a ball, where
upon the girl get excited, and,
accompanied by her brother, walked
over to Palmer’s place of busi
ness and shot him through the side.
Physicians were called. After the first
shock was over, Palmeb sent for the
girl and she cal'ed at once. After mu
tual explanations of regret, a grand re
conciliation took place, and at 6 o’clock
that evening they were married, the'
groom lying on the bed. The bride
then took her place as nurse, and at a
late hoar was fanning the groom, who
was doing as well as could be expected.
The bride is a beautiful girl, and both
parties are highly connected. It is
scarcely necessary to point the moral of
this tale; but we will simply say that
gentlemen who don’t mean business will
save surgeon’s bills by keeping away
from the gentle girls of Indiana.
The Cincinnati Gazette is very seri
ously disturbed by certain statements
contained in Mr. J. T. Derby’s new and
popular school history of the United
States. Mr. Derby’s book says that the
most prosperous Southern States are
’ those wherein the whites have a ma
jority and control the government; that
the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amend
rnents to the Constitution were adopted
by force and usurpation, and that they
have “served to keep alive a bitterness
of.feeling which but for them would
have long since died ont.” To our'
minds Mr. Derby’s history contains
' solid chunks of truth, aud we should
like to see the editor of the Cincinnati
Gazette or any one else controvert the
correctness of his conclusions.
It is certainly soothing to the South
ern mind to know that most of the Cen
tennial Commissioners have had suffi
ciently strong digestive organs to enable
them to swallow the infamons iron-clad
oath. It is eminently proper that at a
celebration in honor of the first rebel
lion the managers of the occasion
should be required to swear that they
had nothing to do with the second.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JUNE 2, 1875.
DUGAS’ PATHOGNOMONIC SIGN.
We publish in another colnmn of the
' Chronicle and Sentinel this morning
an articleupon “ Dugas’ Pathognomonic
Sigu of Dislocations of the Shonlder-
I .Joint.” The author of the essay is Dr.
■W. T. Briggs, a well-known physician
and surgeon, and Professor of the Prin
ciples aod Practice of Surgery in the
Medical Department of the University
of Nashville and the Vanderbilt Uni
versity. His article originally appeared
in the May number of the Nashville
Journal of Medicine and Surgery. It
will be read with interest by professional
and unprofessional men and treats of
an important discovery made by an
eminent Sonthern surgeon, Dr. L. A.
Dugas, of this city, whose distinguish
! ed services in the canse of science and
of humanity have given him a national
reputation.
*
THE NEW HAMPSHIRE CASE.
Serious trouble is anticipated by both
Democrats and Republicans in New
Hampshire when the Legislature of that
State assembles next month. One eD
raged Republican, writing to the New
York Times, goes so far its to declare,
better opportunity for revolution thaD
is now afforded in New Hampshire.”
This is doubtless an exaggeration, but
the situation does seem somewhat se
rious. At the election last Spring there
was uo choice for Governor by the peo
ple, and the election will be thrown into
the Legislkture. Upon the comjilexion
of this Legislature, then, depends thf
question whether the Democratic or the
Republican candidate will be successful.
The first accounts gave the Republicans
a small majority on joint ballot, and it
was generally taken for granted that
they would be able to elect their candi
date. It afterwards appeared, how
ever, that there were irregularities in
the election, which might give the vic
tory to the Democrats. There were re
turned as elected to the Legislature
thirty or forty members more than that
body lias ever contained. Under the
laws of New Hampshire each town is
entitled to one member of the Lower
House, and an additional member when
its inhabitants exceed a certain number.
Several of the towns chose two mem
bers, when they were not entitled by
their population to more than one. The
Clerk of the last House, who is a Demo
crat, has the exclusive power to decide
what towns are to have one member
and which more than one in the organi
zation of the body. His power is as ab
solute as was that of the Returning
Board in Louisiana. He ought, of
course, to make the roll exactly in ac
cordance with the requirements of law;
but if he puts upon it the names of per
sons not elected, and leaves off the names
of those who were, there can be no re
vision of his action till after the House
is organized. The strength of the two
political patties in the House is nearly
equal. Which party elected a majority
of the persons legally entitled to seats
may well be considered in doubt till
each one of the disputed cases lias been
carefully examined. In some instances
two members were chosen by towns
where the people honestly believed they
were rightfully entitled to an additional
representative. In other cases the poli
ticians on one side or the other managed
to have two candidates returned where
they should have been but one. hoping
to gain some advantage by such dishon
est means.
These contested cases have been passed
upon and two of them have been de
cided in favor of the Democrats. The
law of New Hampshire is very explicit
upon the subject of elections. One
section of the General Statutes says
that :
The full Christian and sir name of
every person voted for, with the initial
letter or letters of the middle name, and
the usual abbreviations for junior, sec
ond, third and the like, shall be written
or printed upon every ballot; and every
ballot uot thus prepared and cast shall
be regarded as a blank and not counted.”
Another section directs that the inodera-
tor of the meeting wherein votes for a
Senator are cast shall sort, count and
publicly declare the same, “with the
name of every person voted for and the
number of votes for each person;"’ and
the town clerk “shall make a fair record
of the same, at large, in the town book,
and shall make out a fair, attested copy
thereof, to be by him sealed up and
directed to the Secretary of the State.”
Another section declares that “the Gov
ernor and a majority of the Council for
the time being shall, as soon as may be,
examine the returned copies of such
records, and fourteen days before the
first Wednesday of June he shall issue
his summons to such persons as ap
pear to be chosen Senators by a ma
jority of votes to attend and take their
seats on that day.” ,
Under this law the votes cast for
“Natt Head,” Republican candidate for
Senator, were not counted on the ground
that the “full Christian and sir name”
of the candidate was Nathaniel Head.
In another Senatorial District the Dem
ocratic candidate had only a plurality,
but the votes cast for the Prohibition
candidate prevented a choice. The lat
ter, however, was not eligible under the
Constitution, and the State Council de
cided that the votes cast for him were
void, and that the Democrat was elected.
These two dicisions will give the Demo
crats a majority in the Senate. In the
House the whole matter rests with the
Clerk, and it is believed that he will
place a Democratic majority on the roll
of that body. In this event it will be
; an easy matter to elect the Democratic
i candidate for Governor.
- _
It is with pleasure that we register
another name on our list of candidates
for Governor. A writer in the Atlanta
Xews nominates Mr. Stephens. He says:
I heard a distinguished Georgian say a short
while ago that in various parts of the State
many people were expressing their intention
to put Hon. A. H. Stephens in the office of Gover
nor at the next election. It struck me in a
very favorable light, even as my inform ant said
it struck him ; and I thought I woulJ hand it
I to you for publication. It would be a great
i day when Georgia should have Mr. Stephens
at the head of th i Commonwealth. His un
yielding energy would find an ample field in
the office of Governor, and his splendid busi
ness talents would be of more value to us
there than in any other office within our gift.
His intense interest in everything that affects
i the prosperity of Georgia, and his varied and
‘ accurate knowledge of almost everything—
: agricnli tire, science, education and all the
| practical details of life—would make his ad
! ministration the most prosperous in our his
| tory, and op n up anew era for the greatness
| of the Empire State.
Memphis is rapidly reaping the fruits
'of bonds and taxes. The water works
j were sold at auction last Thursday for
I the benefit of the holders of the first
1 mortgage bonds. They were purchased,
1 for little more than half the amount of
: their cost, by parties who held most of
! the bonds.
i Governor Smith got off a delicate
i piece of satire when he wrote Mr. Fish
that the law only required a person ap
pointed to an office of honor or profit
under the United States to take an oath,
and he did not consider the place of
Centennial Commissioner an office of
either honor cr profit. Smith, how could
you!
GOY- SMirßfe ANI) SECRETARY
fflBH.
The Centennml Test Oath Corre
flpondence.
State op Qeor*a, Executive Depb’t, \
AtlAta, March 18, 1874 (
lion. HamiltA Fish, Secretary oj
State, Washmgton, D. C. :
Sib —I have honor to acknowledge
the receipt of Sour communication of
the 10th inst., enfiosing the appointment
of Mr. Geo. Hiljyer as Commissioner to
represent the Slate of Georgia in cele
brating the Octennial Anniversary of
American Independence at the city of
Philadelphia, io the year 1876. Accom
panying the President's commission is
an open letter from yourself to Mr.
Hillyer, advising him of his appoint
ment, together #ith the printed form of
an oath, which, iu the everit of his ac
ceptance, you direct him to execute and
return, that the same may placed on
file in the State Department. A por
tion of the oath referred to is as fol
lows :
*• I, , do solemnly swear that I
have never voluntarily borne arms
against tlio United States since I have
been a citizen thereof; that I have
voluntarily given no aid, countenance,
counsel or encouragement to persons
engaged in armed hostility thereto ;
that I have never fought, nor accepted,
Dor attempted*,t*xercise the functions
of any under any au
port to any pretended Government,
authority, power or Constitution within
the United States hostile or inimical
thereto.”
Ry requiring the Commissioners to
take this oath the Southern States are,
in effect, excluded from all voice or
participation iu the celebration referred
to. It must be known to the President
that almost the entire body of white
people at the South were engaged, ac
tively or otherwise, in behalf of their
own section, in the late war between the
states, and that they can take no part
in the Exposition under the require
ments now made of them. Indeed, if
the Commissioners, or official represen
tatives of the ctutes, are required to
take obnoxious oaths, I see no reason
why the exhibitors or even the visitors
at the exhibition may not be called up
on to do the same.
I know of no provision of law which
requires any such u oath to be taken
>y the Commissioners, and what good is
expected to be accomplished by going
beyond the requirements of the law iu
this regard I am at a loss to imagine.
I may be pardoned for suggesting, at
this point, that Georgia was one of the
thirteen States which revolted against
British authority, and that she has the
same interest aud the same right to cele
brate the one hundredth anniversary of
American Independence that Pennsyl
vania or New York has. Her delegates
signed the Declaration of Independence,
and I have yet to learn if her sons have
ever hesitated to make any sacrifice ne
cessary to maintain the great principles
enunciated in that Declaration. And
yet, it is now promised, not only to tax
her people, in order to meet the ex
penses attending the celebration of
American Independence, but to exact an
oath which practically excludes them
from all participation therein.
Candor constrains me to say that if
this gratuitous aud wantou requirement
is insisted upon, the people of Georgia
will uot, with my consent, take any
part whatever in the proposed partisan
celebration at Philadelphia. I had sup
posed that the people of all the States
were expected to take part on the joyous
occasion, aud that not only the peopli
of these States, of every creed, color
and condition, but the lovers of liberty
throughout the civilized world would be
cordially invited and welcomed without
preliminary oaths or exactions of any
kind If in this I have been mistaken
and if, as it now seems, only a partisan
celebration by the dominant political
party of the country is contemplated,
then, I regret to say, that a great oppor
tunity has been lost, and that neither
the Governor nor the people of Georgia
will be responsible for thiat misfortune.
I must ask to be pardoned for having
troubled the President to appoint a
Commissioner for this State. My de
sire was that Georgia should be repre
sented at the celebration by a native
born citizen ; but candor compels me to
say that I am not acquainted with a
native fit to represent the State who
could, or would, take the oaih required.
Certainly Mr. Hillyer cannot take it,
and I respectfully decline to be the
chanuel through which he is invited to
do so.
I have the honor to return herewith
the commission intended for Mr. Hill
yer, with accompanying papers, and to
ask that I be allowed to withdraw his
nomination for the position of Commis
sioner.
I have the honor to be, your obedient
servant, James M. Smith.
Secretary Fish’s Reply,
Department of State, \
Washington, D. C., March 23,1874. j
To His Excellency James M. /Smith,
Governor of Georgia :
Sir— l have the honor to acknowledge
the receipt of your Excellency’s letter
of the 18th of March, informing me
that, in consequence of a request con
tained in my letter of the Bth, transmit
ting the commission and oath of alle
giance of George Hillyer, Esq , as a
Commissioner to represent the State of
Georgia at the Centennial Anniversary
of American Independence, that Mr.
Hillyer would sign aud return the oath,
you return the commission aud ask to
be allowed to withdraw the nomination
of Mr. Hillyer.
As your Excellency is pleased to state
that you kuow of no provision of law
requiring an oath of allegiance, I take
the liberty of informing you that on the
2d of July, 1862, it was enacted by Con
gress that every person appointed to any
office of honor or profit uuder the Gov
ernment of the United States should
take and subscribe au oath similar iu
form to the one which accompanied my
letter. But wheu the war had ceased,
Congress, instead of repealing the aot,
enacted by another statute that per
sons who “had participated in the late
rebellion, and from whom all legal dis
abilities arising therefrom had been re
moved” should, if appointed to office,
instead of the oath prescribed by the act
of 1862, take and subscribe the following
oath before entering upon the duties of
their office:
“I, A B, do solemnly swear, or affirm,
that I will support and defend the Con
stitution of the United States against all
enemies, foreign or domestic; that I will
bear true faith aud allegiance to the
same; that I take this obligation freely
and without mental reservation or pur
pose of evasion; and that I will well and
faithfully discharge the duties of the
office on which lam about to enter. So
help me God.”
It is my duty to see that all persons
accepting the President’s commission
from this Cepartment subscribe to one
■ r the other of these oaths. This duty
I am necessarily compelled to perform
through subordinates, and it so hap
pened that by a mistake of the clerk,
who was entrusted with the duty of for
warding the commission of Mr. Hillyer,
the wrong fon of oath was enclosed.
With of what I re
gret should have become the subject of
a misapprehension on the part of your
Excellency, I await the further expres
sion of your wish respecting the com
mission of Mr. Hillyer. I have the
honor to be, your Excellency’s ohedient
servant, Hamilton Fish.
CHAPTERS OF ERIE.
The Road Has a Receiver.
New York, May 26.—Mr. Jewett,
President of the Erie Railroad, was ap
pointed receiver of the compauy by tbe
Supreme Oourt this morning. Presi
dent Jewett has called a meeting of the
Erie Directors in consequence of the re
fusal of the Pennsylvania Coal Company
to buy the Erie coal lands. The Tri
bune says a Director of the Erie Ril
road Compauy, in a conversation with
one of its reporters last night, said the
Erie Railroad Company will probably
default on its June interest in conse
i quence of the failure to obtain the ex
! pected money from the Delaware, Lacka
waua and Western and Hudson Compa
nies. In view of this fact, there will
probably be an application for a Receiv
er on Wednesday (to-day), on the ground
of the insolvency, not bankruptcy, of
the corporation. This action will be taken
under the State la*v, and will be designed
to protect all interests concerned.
Mr. Jewett, President of the Erie
Railroad, was appointed receiver of the
company by the Supreme Court this
morning on the suit brought by the At
torney-General of the State of New York
on the general allegation of the insol
vency of the company.
ACCEPTING THE SITUATION.
|New York Times.]
A pathetic spectacle was lately wit
nessed on a Georgia railroad. For
tunately, one of those contributors to
the future history of the Republic, a
newspaper reporter, was able to seize
the chief points of the picture; and bis
account in the Atlanta Herald may here
after furnish material for the cartoon
yet to be painted. In they
have had a mild attack of { v. Rights.
In a few instances it has manifested
itself in demands of colored people for
“two-bit" drinks, for which they are
now charged five dollars. Vaguely im
pressed by the late action of Congress,
whereof Sambo has a shadowy under
standing, the ex-slaves have tested their
new-found rights by asking for the best
places in the theatre aud the highest
seats in hotel dining looms. This has
been attended with indifferent success.
Usually the colored man has been
promptly waited upon; but the cost of
his entertainment has simply surpassed
belief. On the railways, however, he
has fared better. In most instances he
is provided with a special car, so well
furnished and finished that it cannot be
called second oliss, though it might be
if it were not for the Civil Rights bill.
Into this vehicle no white person is
permitted to enter. The civil rights
of the proud Caucasian end when he
reaches the door of that car.
A week or two ago Col.
►Pwnplwnwflnp old Georgia gentleman,
attended by Hon. Alexander fl. Ste
phens, and Col. Clisby, an editor of
Georgia renown, were‘journeying on the
Georgia Central Railroad. They desired
to smoke, and so went forward to the
oar of the people who have got their
civil rights. The conductor soon told
them that the car was set apart for the
exclusive use of the colored folks, and
that they could not be permitted to oc
cupy it on any account. Here was a
strange and almost tragical situation.
Mr. Stephens, who officiated some years
ago at the solemn dedication of a re
public whose corner stone he declared to
be the enslavement of colored folks,
dropped liis briar-wood pipe iu testimo
ny of the extreme deadness of the pecu
liar institution. The editor essayed a
smile; Col. Peeples looked
confused, and the ex-Vice-Presideut of
the late Confederacy made a speech.
He said : “I have lived a long time; I
have endeavored to tote fa’r with my
fellow-man; I pay my honest debts, and
I love my country; but I never expected
to witness a scene like this.” The
reporter does not say that at this point
Colonel Cincinnatus Peeples was so
overcome by his feelings that he fell on
the neck of the ex-Vice-President of the
ex-Oonfederate States, and wept pro
fusely. Mr. Alexander H. Stephens then
made another speech. He has made
speeches before now, aud notwithstand
ing their length aud the proverbial bre
vity of human life, some of liis auditors
survive. He lias also edited a newsoa
per, and his two-page paragraphs hitve
been the admiration of the p ofession,
as his “remarks” have been the terror
of the reporters of the Congressional
Record. But to his effort on this occa
sion the conductor replied with brutal
curtness, “Hire a hall.” Col. Cinciu
uatus Peeples, who has also, up to this
time, endeavored to “tote” fair with his
fellow-man, arose in his wrath and white
wool hat and led the way to the rear car.
He was followed by the enfeebled rem
uant ofjthe late Confederacy and a high
ly astonished editor. The negro occu
pant of the car, who was reported to be
blind, was left, Marius-like, among the
ruins of the vanquished Caucasians.
When slavery tumbled to pieces the
negro, according to gentlemen who are
represented by Col. Cincinnatus Pee
ples, was shipwrecked. He was the
same old shiftless aud unsavory person,
though no longer a chattel. He might
vote, but lie was just as inferior as ever.
His tibia was as viciously curved, and
his hair as base in fibre as in the good
old days when pro-slavery courts used
to order microcopic examinations of
dark-skinned men s scalps before admit
ting their testimony against the descend
ants of the Caucasian. One effect of the
Civil Rights law has been to bewilder
still further the venerable gentlemen
who tacitly recognize the extinction of
slavery. In old times the negro was
not permitted to ride in the same ear
with them. Even now, the negro has a
first class car to himself. But why Col.
Cincinnatus Peeples cannot ride in the
negro’s car, though the negro may not.
ride in his, passes that fine old gentle
man’s oonprehension. As we have seen,
these venerable gentlemen “accept the,
situation.” They have been accepting
the situation, wit£ intervals of protest,
ever since the slave confederacy crum
bled. The ex-Vice-President, the editor,
and Col. Cincinnatus Peeples surrender
ed to a railroad conductor, backed up
by the rules and regulations of th
Macon and Western Division of the
Georgia Central Railroad, the fourteenth
amendment to the Constitution of the
United States, aud legislation to en
force the provisions thereof. We can
understand how all this is a mystery to
the mind accustomed to consider the
negro an inferior order of being; but
that it is nevertheless accepted is a good
thing for peace.
THE COURSE OF COTTON.
Review of the Liverpool Market.
[W. C. Watts & Co.’s Circular, May 7.]
The import this week has been unex
pectedly large, having amounted to 116,-
791 bales, of which 99,676 were from Am
erica, and the deliveries having been
5ma11—58,716 bales trade and export—
the stock here has been run up to 951,-
130 bales against 780,710 last year at this
date, is regards the fnture course of
our market it may be said present prices
seem to be generally considered as safe,
but in some cases holders are getting
impatient, if not disheartened. They
argue somewhat in this way—“ Prices
are perhaps moderate enough, all things
considered, but can we for some weeks
to come expect such an improvement as
will justify us in holding?” English
spinners have during the past four
weeks reduced their stocks of cottou,
perhaps, to the extent of 40,000 bales,
but they still have a fair stock even for
this period of the year, and may for some
weeks to come continue to purchase less
than their consumption, and they are
the more likely to pursue this policy
since business will during the third week
in this month be interrupted by the
Witsuu holidays. True, the visible sup
ply of all Europe is now 137,000 bales
less than last year at this date, and it is
uot improbable the deficit may be fur
ther considerably increased in tlienext
two .or three months, but we have no
positive assurance there will be any ac
tual scarcity ol cotton, and even if there
should be, it will only be for a few weeks
in October or November next, when
abundant supplies from the new Ameri
can crop will be close at hand. More
over, it is almo t invariably the case
that holders desire to. close up their old
season’s business before the new season
commences, and hence the demand is
likely to be very freely supplied, as for
months past, and under such circum
stances, almost the only chance to bring
about such an improvement as would
cover the expense of holding, would have
to result from a speculative demand
growing out of unfavorable crof) advices
from America. Furthermore, the Ameri
can markets having reeecently displayed
so much weakness, the indications are
—American spinners are going to take
less, and the shipments to Great Britain
be heavier than generally suppo-ed.
On the other hand, there are many
who take a much more hopeful view of
the po-ition and prospects of onr mar
ket. They argne somewhat in this wise:
“It is true our stock here is very large,
rather larger than we 'expected four
weeks ago, but this is owing to small de
liveries to thetrade and anextraordinary
import this week ; this, however, does
not affect the general position. We now
have at sea for this port from America
and India 262,000 bales less than at this
time last yt-ar, it is thertfore certain we
have a period of small imports before
us. The stock here is now 170,420 bales
larger than at this date last year, bnt
this excess will in the next four weeks
probably be converted into a deficit of
60,000 to 100,000 bales, and by the mid
dle of July the deficit will probably
amount to 150,000 to 200,000 bales, and
! we will then begin to realizo the conse
quence of the decreased production the
past season ; speculation will then take
hold, and it will take bnt a few days of
activity to relieve the market of such
cotton as may be pressed for sale. Eng
lish spinners may for another week or
two continne to buy less than their con
sumption and thns probably depress
prices a little more, but in that eveut
! the reaction.will be ail the greater when
it does come. Our market has been
somewhat depressed recently by the
downward tendency of fntnre delive
-1 ries at New York and by reports
that planters were using mutA
more fertilizers this than last year—
which has been interpreted hereto mean
active exertions to grow a large orop
this year, but we are now assured it is
all a mistake about more fertilizers
having been used this than last year,
and our telegrams from New York to
day report a decided advance in future
deliveries. The receipts at Bombay on
the 12th March were 100.000 bales- iu
exeess of last year to same date,_*gtat
this lias now been converted intQ#|Kri
ficit of 28,000 bales, and this defilUglo j
likely to be increased before the jßfci
of June to 75,000 to 100,000 bales.
receipts at Alexandria continue even
smaller than we expected. Stocks at
the continental ports are now 118,000
bales less than at this time last yew ;
they are therefore likely to want metre
cotton from England, and as ourlgjtest
telegrams report the ice disappearing
from the Baltic ports, we may re*£°n
ably expect an early improvement in
our export demand. ' Finally, taking a
survey of the whold field, it looks to be
almost certain that the deficit in the
visible supplies in all Europe will in,
the course of a few months become so
palpable as to render it evident that the
prospect of a very large crop in Ameri
ca, say 4,250,000 bales or over, will be
required to prevent a material advance
prices.” The stock of cotton
BEN HILL.
Wliy He Hoes to Congress—Former
<’ ndidaeies—His Ambition—An Ex
planation from Himself.
[Atlanta Correspondent Savannah Advertiser ]
Mr. H.—“ Well, I believe that is so.
But you charge me with a desire to go
Congress, and am ambitious for place.
This is not true. I could have gone to
Congress twenty years ago. I have al
ways despised offioe hunting, and went
into politios, not for place; but because
I saw the country drifting into a danger
ous revolution, and deemed it my duty
to t ike my part in public nffuirs, and to
warn the people of the danger. I have
never sought office. When I was nomi
nated for Governor it was against my
wish. My own county delegates, in
cluding my brother, were sent, instruct
ed under no circumstAces to permit my
name to go before the convention. And
when they retnrned and stated that the
pressure was too overwhelming to be re
sisted, 1 reluctantly acceded. My great
aim has been to succeed in my profes
sion of the law. I read law with Judge
Dougherty, and moulded my ambition
upon his. He never could be tempted
from the law, and he won in conse
quence a shining distinction as a lawyer.
My oldest brother, a leading lawyer of
Texas, has pursued the same course, re
fusing an election to the United States
Seante. I broke my resolution of not
going into politics some tweuty years
ago, when the agitation of the Kansas
question was imperilling the safety of
the country. In all of my political con
flicts since my ambition has been, not
to get place, but to serve the good of
the country !”
Correspondent—“lt certainly is not
unnatural that a man conscious of the
possession of high abilities should de
sire a theatre for their exercise.”
Mr. Hill—“I kuow myself, and I
know there is not a correct statement in
your letter about me. You charge me
with being an unsafe political leader,
and you entirely misstate the two in
stances upon which you rely to show
it.”
Correspondent—“ You refer to your
advice to the people of Georgia to take
no part in the campaign of 1867-68.”
Mr. Hill—“I do. It has been the
fashion of certain editors to charge to
my door the Radical domination of that
day, and lam tired of it. 1 did not ad
vise non-action. If you will read my
letter of that time you will see that
what I did advise was that the Demo
crats should register but not vote. I
went on to Washington to post myself,
and had a full interview with Andrew
Johnson, then President, and, after a
long discussion of the subject, which
doubtless he will remember, we concur
red in the course that should be pur
sued in Georgia, and I wrote my letter
of advice. I have been credibly in
formed that Joe P.own said at the time
this was the heaviest blow that had
been struck the Radical cause. I knew
that the Radical success was ine
vitable, and I thought this the best
policy under the circumstances.”
Your correspondent did uot argue the
question with Mr. Hill, considering that
the advice to register did not redeem
the injury of the counsel not to vote.
Mr. Hill further alluded to the Delano
banquet, and his expression that he did
not go to be a Democrat, and urged
that he could not at that time have been
more explicit, and he gave the explana
tion that he has made familiar—that he
was seeking influence with the authori
ties to prevent further reconstruction.
I put upon record his general denial
of the eorrrctness*of my estimate of his
past political career, and, leaving the
public to determine the right opinion, I
shall be must ready to accord to him in
the future the most brilliant political
sagacity that he can exhibit. And I
shall anticipate only good. The fact
stated by Mr. Hill that he consulted
with Audrew Johnson as to the course
the Democrats of Georgia should pur
sue in that memorable election for
members of the first Constitutional
State Convention, held under Congres
sional reconstruction, and that Presi
dent Johnson advised the course urged
by Mr. Hill, is an important historical
item of Georgia reconstruction, and I
believe this is the first time it has found
its way into print.
SHERMAN'S MEMOIRS.
Simonson’s Shot That Killed Bishop
Folk —The Tragedy G- rap ideally De
scribed by an Eye Witness.
To the Editor of the New York Herald:
In your review of “Sherman's Me
moirs,” what purports to be a statement
of the manner in which General Poik
was killed is given, from which it ap
pears that Sherman called General How
ard’s attention to a group of officers on
Pine Mountain, and “ordered him to
compel it to keep under cover.” Will
you permit one who was attached to
General Howard’s headquarters, and
who was by his side daily on the Atlanta
campaign—one who, with Howard and
other officers, sat our horses beside thi
Fifth Indiana Battery that tired the
fatal shot—to give the true story from
my notes made that morning, and pub
lished in a Western daily a few week
afterward? There certainly is a griev
ous error either in your review or in
Sherman’s description of the tragedy.
General Sherman was not there, ano
could not have seen the shot fired. Gen
Sherman may have, however, as he rodi
to the rear, where he met Howard,
called his attention to what he (Howard;
would see when our party reached Gen.
David Stanley’s front. The facts—in
which I am sure I will be sustained ii
the rnainby Gens. Howard and Stanlej
and the staff officers present—are these:
On June 14 General Howard and stall
left their headquarters for the front,
where Stanley’s Division, of Howard’.
(Fourth) Corps had broken camp and
were awaiting the order to attack Pint
Mountain. It was just after sunrise
A mile or two in rear of the advance,
Howard met Sherman, but the conver
sation between them I did not hear,
the two Generals conversed aside. Bow
ard his staff joined Stanley and his stafl
on the nad, in fall view of Pine Mouu
tain, and as we drew rein and exchanged
greetings, Stanley exclaimed: “How
ard, do you see that group np there on
the crest of the mountain ? I wondei
who they are." We all brought oui
field glasses to bear upon the point in
dicated, and could plainly see three per
sons standing in front of a line of breast
works and a larger group in the back
ground. We could not tell whethei
they were officers or privates, but as i.
was evident that they were watching on i
movements, Stanley suggested that s
few shots, be fired to drive them undei
cover. Howard, who suggested that
perhaps Bishop Polk was in the party,
made no objections, when Stanley tarn
ed to Captain Simonson, the chief ol
artillery, with the remark: “Simonson,
can’t you unlimber, put a shot into the
grou.i, and give the Bishop a morning
salutation ?”
“I’ll try !” was Simonson’s laconic re
ply. And away he galloped to the rear
A few minutes later a section of the
Fifth Indiana Battery (Simonson's) was
unlimbered within twenty feet of us.
The Dieutenant sighted the gnn and the
shot exploded over and to the right ol
the group. Here my memory fails me,
but my impression is a second shot was
sighted and fired by the Lieutenant,
with no better effect. Simonson, when
the gun had been reloaded, dismounted
and said, “Here, Lieutenant, let me try
it” He took the raDge and the messen
ger of dentil sped ou its mission. Onr
glasses were bent upon the group, aud
we observed a commotion as the shot
took effect in the group that scattered to
the rear. While Simonsou was upon his
knees sighting the gun for another dis
charge, Captain Leonard, chief of How
ard’s signal corps, sitting on his horse
beside me, read the Confederate signal
code that our officers had interpreted at
Lookout Mountain, andcaugh the words:
l “General Poik ia killed 1” With a
[ look of amazement Leonard turned to
Howard and Stanley aud exclaimed:
“Bishop Polk is killed !” “Wljat ?” ex
claimed Howard; “have yon interpreted
the signal correctly ?” “Yes, General;
Simonson’s last shot killed him. They
are signaling it along the line.” The
young men of the stuff who were c.ack
jokes instantly ceased, and for a mo
ment none spoke. Then Howard said:'
“Well, a Christian has fallen. Such is
war.” Just then Siihouson caught the
words, “Bishop Polk is killed *. .....
He was sighting the gun, and, lifting
his eyes, that glared fearfully, exclaim
ed : “What is that, Leonard ?” ‘SBishop
P-Jkis killed! Your last shot did it.
They are signaling it over the moun
tain," I replied. Simonson’s heed drop
ped upon the “ vent,” where it rested a
moment. Then, raising his eyes, he
*-xciuime.l : “Thank God 1 Yeaterdav \
they killed my dear brother ; I have !
killed a (i Lieutena,,t-G<soerel ftOrt v J
piece Simonson arose, remounted and ]
joined the staff. Silently he repaired to
his regular duties, and, thejine beiug
formed, we advanced slowly agaiust tin
mountain, every one of ns feeling that
we would have rejoiced had some other
than Louisiana’s fighting Bishop gone
down before Simonson’s first and only
shot. The enemy was so demoralized
that he evacuated the mountain, aud
half an hour afterward we stood upon
the spot wh- re Polk fell aud saw the
ground stained with his blood. A day
or two after poor Simonson, the only
one of us who rejoiced at tlio Bishop’s
death, fell, shot on the skirmish line
in Ackworth woods.
Then was the Confederacy avenged.
It is possible that Gen. Sherman had
been to the frout that morning, and,
seeing the group referred to, ordered
Howard to disperse it ; but certain it is
that he was nowhere Dear Howard when
Simonson’s shot felt for the heart of
Leonidas Polk, the fighting Bishop.
New York, May 18, 1875. J. D.
THE COTTON CROP.
NATIONAL COI'TON EXCHANGE
REPORTS.
Crop Reports of the Amrusta Ex
change for May, 1875.
The Committee on Statistics aud In
formation, of the Augusta Exchange,
reported as follows, yesterday, iu regard
to the cotton crop iu the section tinder
their immediate supervision, for the
month of May :
The Augusta Exchange, }
Augusta, Ga., May 25, 1875 J
To the President and Hoard of t.i
rectors of the Augusta Exchahge :
Gentlemen —We respectfully submit
the following report for the mouth of
May, as to. the prospects and condition
of the cotton crop m the district allot
ted to the Exchange. Our report is
based on replies from sixteen counties.
Average date of replies 17th inst :
First—What is the area of land plant
ed in cotton in your section as com
pared with last year ? State increase or
decrease.
Answer—About the same as in 1874.
Second—What has been the character
of the weather; aud has it been more or
less favorable for planting this than last
year ?
Answer—Less favorable at the time
planting operations were commenced,
but more favorable since planting was
completed.
Third—How are the stands of cotton
in your section ?
Answer—Generally good. In some
counties, however, chopping out had
just commenced when onr itiqniries
were made, and no definite opinion
could be obtained.
Fourth—How much earlier or later is
the cotton crop this than last year ?
Answer—Generally reported from ten
to fifteen days later than in 1874.
Fifth—How is the labor in numbers
and efficiency ?
Answer- Plentiful and satisfactory.
Sixth—Has the use of fertilizers in
creased or diminished this, as compared
with last year ?
Auswer—An average increase of about
25 per cent, is reported.
Seventh—What is the present con
dition of the cotton crop in your section?
Auswer—Uuiversally reported as good
and promising. In some sections, how
ever, owing to lateness of planting, no
reliable opinion could be given at date
of our inquiries.
Very respectfully your obedient ser
vants, L. L Zulavsky, Chairman; J. J.
Pearce, E. D. Kelley, It. W. Heard, L.
C. Nowell, A. M. Benson, Wm. M.
Read, Committee on Statistics and In
formation.
WALL STREET SKETCHES.
How Russell Sage Became a Broker.
[From the New York Sun. |
Among the leading Wall street ma
nipulators there is one whose name is
not so frequently before the public as
that of Jay Gould or Daniel Drew, but
whose influence is, on that account, uot
lees powerful and that is the thin, dry,
angular Russell Sage. Truly speaking,
he is even a stronger man than Gould or
Drew, for he has neither a party nor
even friends, and is much more mis
trusted by the public at large than
either Gould or Drew. Consequently
the business success he achieves is due
solely to the efforts of his own person;
i'd a very characteristic person is Mr.
Sage.
tie has been occasionally and some
what disrespectfully described as “a
cadaverous reptile, caught at the head
of the Hudson river navigation,” mean
ing at Troy, where he used to hold,
years ago, tho post of Alderman or
something of that sort. How much
money he made there no one knows, but
the whole of Wall street is perfectly
aware that at the present moment Rus
sell Sage is the man who has more avail
able cash than any other person down
town. His fortune is estimated at five
or six millions; aud it has been made
chiefly iu selling “puls” and “calls.”
He will sell them on any stock, aud to
any amount; but when the time comes
to take them in, there is no man so par
ticular as he with reference to the de
tails of the transactions, in regard to
the day, hour, and terms, especially if
he happeues to be the losing person.
The small dealers trading in “puts”
and “cabs” complain of having to look
out very sharply in dealing with him,
and to be very stringent with reference
to the signature of the great manipula
tor, for so long as he has not appended
bis name to a contract he does not con
sider it binding.
A person very different in his habits
from both Gould and Drew, he does
nearly all the office work himself. He
is his own confidential clerk, book
keeper and cashier; and is one of the
first meu to appear at the office in the
morning; while Daniel Drew snd Jay
Gould carry on their operations much
in the fashion of powerful potentates,
telegraphing orders to their cabinet miu
uiwafs from their private residences. In
the appearance of Mr. Sage there is
nothing that would give the slightest
indication of his wealth. Dan Drew
wears at least a gorgeous seal-skin coat
in Winter time; Jay Gould never ap
pears without a whole staff of his or
ficers, headed by his general aid-de
camp, Charley Osborne; while Russell
Sage is never to be seeu outside ef the
office, where he has uot even a private
room, ami sits by the side of his soli
tary clerk. He has even no office of his
own, for the room he occupies belongs
to the Milwaukee and St Paul Railroad
Company, of which heis Vice-President.
A circular lately issued by an opponent
of his—Alexander Mitchell—referred to
the fact in terms of approach, saying
that it was not proper for an official to
use the office of his company for private
speculations, and especially for specu
lating in the stock of the concern itself.
But Russell Sage does not seem to tuke
much notice of the complaiut, and re
fers to a kind of statute of antiquity,
saying that *be has dealt in stocks lor
years and years on these premises, and
that he means to continue to do so.
Another branch of Mr. Sage’s occupa
tion is the lending of money at a more
or less comfortable rate of interest,
amounting sometimes—as was the case
during the panic—to one-half per cent,
per day. The oldest dealers in Wall
street do not remember a time when
Ru'sell Sage bad not loose cash to
lend, when applied for with good secu
rities and readiness to pay a high rate
NUMBER 22
of interest. But ho never likes to lenc
less than $100,600, apparent!* consider
ing it beneath his dignity. On the
other hand, in calculating interest or in
settling an account for stock privileges,
he wilt squeeze every cent he possiblj
can get out of bis customers.*
It must be said; however, that he does
not make any secret of his views on
business matters. Hypocrisy has never
entered into bis composition. You have
only to look at him to see “Mtdf per cent
a day” written all over his bony, parch
mcut-lik'e countenance. No end of
people are just as greedy and, as fond of
making money as Russell Sage is; but
they try to conceal then natural proclivi
ties under more or leas soft and winning
manners. Some ofAjthem patronize
churches and subscribe to eh .inti ns, or
entertain people and exhibit social pro
clivities. lu Russell Sage there is no
humbug of that sort. He has never
been khowu to subscribe toward aqj
aoclaj eujoymept, jjxcept when there was
u business side to it, aud even on such
occasions he greatly prefers being a
guest to being a host. There is a story
going around in Wall street to the effect
that his notion-, of domestic economy go
so far that a big hole has been trodden
iu the carpet of his dining-room, much
Staufely grkwt apprenensiou of becoming
euiawhj it) it, .aid that wh-iu>i<
stumbling and rather flat entry into the
apartment, Mrs. Sage remarked thatshe
had frequently call, and her husband’s at
tention to the necessity of a restorative
work being undertaken, but was rebuked
with theargumeut that busiuess was dull
aud that expenses of that sort could not
be afforded just uow.
The sociul position of Russell Sage
was never a very prominent one, but of
late, and especially since lie has had to
part with the management of the Paci
fic Mail, it has still more declined. The
Vice-Presidency of the Milwaukee and
St. Paul Railroad Company is ut the
preseut moment the only public post he
occupies;.but even that chair will pro
bably soon be given up, under the heavy
pressure qf his former friend and pres
ent antagonist, Alexander Mitchell, an
open war having broken out between
these two gentlemen. Mr Mitchell ac
cuses Mr. Suge of making the Board of
the unlucky railway company a stock
gumbliug engine in New York, while
Mr. Sage accuses Mr. MiteliTdl of trying
to transform the raiiroud into a political
machine in Wisconsin, under the pre
text of his love for the people of the
Northwest. The knowing oues seem to
be of the opinion that both accusations
are correct. Mr. Bussell Sage makes
large profits out of all sorts of specula
tions with the stock aud money of the
Milwaukee and St. Paul Road, while
Mr. Mitchell takes ad vantage of his con
nection with it for electioneering pur
poses. There was a time when these
two gentlemeut were great friends. They
constructed a very unprofitable air line
from Milwaukee to Chicago, sold it to
the tit. Paul Road, and realized some
thing like a million eaok. But this
friefidship aud division of profits are
now merq matters of tempi passat and
the two millionnaires have apparently
made np their minds to fight it out on
that liue. Mr. Sage does not, iiowever,
on that account lose liis natural sereni
ty. .Nothing in the way of controver
sies, law suits or public exposures can
intimidate him. He knows that where
there is a will to get out of them there
is a way to do so. But his nervous sys
tem does not seem to stand practical
jokes. At all events the Stock Exchange
“boys” threw him the other day into
perfect moral distress.
Until very lately Mr. Sage dealt on
the Exchange through brokers, some of
whom he induced to do his business for
a much smaller commission than is es
tablished by law. One of these brokers,
who had been discovered iu doing this,
was expelled from the Exchange, aud
Mr. S-tge resolved, for the sake of
economy, to become himself a member
of the Board. He paid some $6,000 for
his seat, underwent, some difficulty in
getting eleefceJS Bui. vi
and has now the privilege of either
doing business himself or of paying only
one-thirty second per cent, commission,
instead of one-eighth per cent., to his
brother brokers—through which econo
my he realizes an immense saving iu
the long run. *
His eleotion took place about a year
ago, but henever appeared on ’Change
until last Monday, when the election of
anew President took place and he had
to give his vote. The Stock Exchange,
as is well known, preserves the laudable
custom of hazing new members, aud Mr.
Sage had to pass the usual ordeal. The
moment he appeared in the hall the air
was rent with cries of “Here’s Old Hon
esty 1” “Look out for your pocket
books and watches !” “Knock his skull
in !” and so on. His hat was smashed;
he was chased all around the Exchange
room; thrown against the bulletin boards
aud ill-used in different other ways and
manners, until the Chairman of the
Board, Mr. Wheelock, came to his res
cue and carried him away, pale, trem
bling and considerably damaged all
over. The next day Mr. Sage was quite
serene again, quietly selling Ins “puts”
and “call,” and assuring everybody that
he understood perfectly well that the
little ill-usage lie was exposed to was
•simply a joke on the part of “the boys.”
Those, however, who were present at
the reception have apparently some rea
son to believe that, had it not been for
Mr. Wheelock, Mr. Sage would have
probably been induced to take a some
what different view of the gambols of
those playful young cubs aud • eulves
whom he, in common with the other
full grown bulls and bears, sometimes
handles so severely whenever ho gets a
chance to do so in busiuess transactions.
PLAYING THE MISCHIEF WITH
PRINTS.
[Nashville Union and American.]
The dry goods market of New York
and of the country at large is greiitly
excited over heavy cutting in prints.—
We were shown a postal card yesterday
from H. B. Clafliu & Cos., announcing,
in big type, “ Standard prints 6jc., in
large variety.” There may be retail
dealers who take this as an offset to
what we said yesterday on the subject;
but our article is borne out by the fol
lowing from the New York Bulletin, of
the 20th inst. The italics are the Bul
letin's : The print market is still the
focus of interest, and has become com
pletely demoralized by the action of
S' me of the jobbers in marking down
off styles of standard prints to prices
which barely cover the cost of the gray
cloths on which they are printed. The
rush at Claflin’s for Spragues, Rich
mond (not Hamilton, as inadvertently
published this morniDg), Washington,
etc., prints at 6{0., has been of a most
exciting character, and sales during
yesterday and to-day have been very
heavy, if not largely profitable to the
sellers. The Western jobbers in Chica
go, Cincinnati and other large cities
commenced the battle in prints some
time ago, and have kept up the warfare
by underselling the New Yoik market
until yesterday, when the above reduc
tions were made, which again gave this
city the ascendancy in low prices. But
the battle is not yet ended, and already
we hear of a prominent Cincinnati job
bing house issuing circulars offering
standard prints at 6Jc.; and probably
Chicago and St. Louis will be heard
from before long. Meantime the best
work is held at 9c., including sueh
makes as Pacific, Hamilton, Manches
ter, Merrimack, Oocheeo, Washington
chocolates, Simpson’s, Donnell's, etc.—
To-day Claflin’s continued their great
drive in standard prints, and added to
their 6;c. line various styles of Oriental,
Alien’s and Manchester prints.
BY HIS OWN HAND.
Suicide of 001. F. W. Sims-Sad End of
a Georgia Journalist aud Merchant,
San Francisco, May 26.—C01. F. W.
Sims committed suicide here last night
by taking morphine. Papers found on
his person indicate that the deceased
had been business manager of the Sa
vannah (Ga ) Adverti er, and that he
came here from New York a few weeks
ago.
Colonel F. W. Sims, whose sad end
ing is recorded in the above dispatch,
was well known iu Georgia as a journal
ist and merchant. He was at one time
manager of the Savannah Jtepublican / a
a few years ago he did a large fertilizer
business; and about a year ago, we be
lieve, became mauagerof the Advertiser.
A few weeks since lie disappeared from
Savannah on account, it was said, of
some financial irregularities, and was
supposed to have goue to the Pacific}
coast,