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OLD SERIES—VOL. LHIIIt NEW SERIES—VOL. IL. Chronicle anti sentinel. WEDS EBDAY JANUARY 5, 1876. WHEItK DUELLISTS MUST BE TRIED. A few days since in an article upon the dnel recently fonght near this city, the Cvßomcnc and Sentinel stated that though one of the parties to the af- 1 fair died in this city indictments would lie in this connty against the surviving ! principal and seconds only for sending : and accepting a challenge. We said i that as the homicide was committed in . South Carolina the parties could be tried for murder only in that State. In reply to this we have received a note from a prominent Georgia lawyer sng- 1 gesting that the opinion expressed is nnsonnd. He quotes section 4,672 of the New Code, as follows: ••If ducb wound be given or poison admin istered upon soil the jurisdiction over which has been ceded to the United States, within the geographical limits of this State, or within from in any county in thin State the indict- ■ merit ahail be found and the cauae tried in the j county where the death ocean*.” He adds: “You will see by this that i “if the mortal wound was inflicted in “South Carolina and death ensued in 1 “Richmond county, the Superior Court j “of that county would have jurisdiction j “of the homicide.” This view of the case is combatted by another well known legal gentleman.— i The latter lawyer says that, in order to j fully understand the section of the Code quoted above, one must also read in connection with it the two sections im mediately preceding. These are as fol lows: §4,070. Offenses on boumlary lines. When an offense shall be committed on the boundary ] line of two counties it shall be considered and adjudged to have been committed in either county, and an indictment for such offense may be found and tried in, and conviction thereon may be had in either of said counties. §4.671. Death from an act done in another county. When any mortal wound shall bo given, or any poison shall be administered, or any other means shall be employed in one connty by which a human being shall he killed, who shall die thereof in another comity, tho indictment shall be found and the offender shall he tried in the county where the act was performed or done from which the death en sued. §4,672. Or on soil ceded to the United Slates. If such wound lie given or poison administered upon soil, the jurisdiction over which has Iteen cedetl to the United Slates, within the geographi cal limits of this State, or within the territory of an adjoining State, and death shall enine there from in any county in this State, the indict ment shall be found and the cause tried in the county where the doath occurs. The lust mentioned lawyer contends that the last quoted section of the Code manifestly means that if a person is wounded or poisoned upon soil, the ju risdiction of which has been ceded to the United States, within the geographi cal limits of this State, or npon soil within the territory of an adjoining State, the jurisdiction over which has been ceded to the. United States, and death shall eusue in any county of this State, the indictment can be found nnil the cause tried in the county where the death occurs. Ho thinks, in other words, that the latter portion of the section was intended to cover homicides committed in an adjoining State, but upon territory ceded by that State to the Government of tho United States, where the person wounded dies in some connty of Georgia. If such lie the meaning of the section the reason of the law is doubtless foimd in the de sire of the State of Georgia to punish a homicide, where the death occurred within her borders, the jurisdiction over which might be a subject of doubt or dispute in the adjoining State. The question is asked: If a man should shoot Another iua brawl in the streets of Columbia and the wounded man should come to Augusta and die, would it be contended that the party who fired the ehot could be seut for and tried in Rich mond county for the homicide? Theso are tho two sides of the ques tion as presented by the lawyers. Ac cording to the reasoning we have given, wo cannot see that there was any mistake in the artiole published by the Chroni lk and Sentinel. If the surviving parties to the recent duel are to be tried for murder they must be tried in the Courts of South Carolina. As we have often said before, however, laws, courts and juries will be-powerless to restrain duelling until public sentiment con demns a practice os cruel as it is illogi cal. But there is gratifying and unmis takable evidence that public sentiment bas commenced to condemn the duello, and that we may reasonably hope to see in the uear futme a rigid enforcement of laws, and, more potent still, a com munity whioh will sustain men who de cline to attempt tho lives of others and to risk their own lives upbu the so-called “field of honor.” The press of the city, the State and tho country speaks upon the subject with no uncertain sonud; the pulpit bas nobly seconded the press,and press and pulpit united can do a great deal towards removing the evil. That J duelling can be suppressed altogether, wo do not believe auy more than we be lieve that arson, robbery, rape, or any othffr species of crime, can be extir pated. But we have every reason for j believing that a healthy public senti- i niout will soon make duelliug a very \ rare offense indeed. AN INDEPENDENT IN THE FIELD. The following appears in a recent issue of the Columbus Times : Vie learn that Judge James Johnson, of this eitv, has announced to his friends that he is an independent candidate for Governor. Judge j Jt>UM*oS has recently left tho Superior Court | bench, and is now practicing with Col. Inoham. \ Judgv' Johnson has been in politics fora long; time and is well known throughout the State, j After the wr hs cast his ballot and influence ) with the Republican party and ever siueo has been a conststeu'i member of that party. We learn that Judge Johnson is opposed to all ■ nominations, and will, therefore, ran as an In dependent, looking to the President s message as embodying his platform. Wo think any body will meet defeat that runs against the J nominee of the Democratic party, provided | everything is harmonious: but we further j think Judge Johnson will prove tho most formidable opposition candidate in the State." j Judge Johnson is well known to the people of Georgia and will doubtless i make as strong a race as any candidate ! can whom the Republicans may place in the field. He was a prominent actor in Georgia politics before the war and rep resented the Columbus District in the United States Congress—defeating as strong and as popular a man as General Henry L. Brasilia. Daring the war he was a Un. ' on man, and, so far as we are advised, to,ok uo part in public affairs. After the wai' be was made provisional Governor of Ge orgia by Andrew John son, and carried Put that President s “policy” until' Charges J. Jenkins was elected Governor by the people. When the State was reconstructed by the elec tion of Bullock, the latter ciade Mr. Johnson J udge of the Superior Courts of the Chattahoochee Circuit. This po sition he held until a few months since, when he resigned and recommenced the practice of law. He is said to be a good lawyer and is s man of fine ability and good character. He was never implica ted with any of the frands of the Bul uooe administration and stands as well with the people of Georgia as it is pos sible for any Republican to stand. Judge Johnson’s declaration that he is running as an Independent candidate j for Governor, npon “the line of the President’s message,” mast be consid ered a good joke. It is highly probable that the Republican party in Georgia, learning wisdom from the numerous feats sustained in tbe past, will not run a candidate for Governor next Summer, and will vote solidly for some' snch “Independent” as Judge Johm : son. Bat .it is highly improbabft that any Democrat can be induced to I vote for such a candidate upon such a platform. Judge Johnson is simply 1 running as a Republican in disguise—a : disguise so simple that it can be easily i penetrated by tbe feeblest intellect, j “On the line of the President's mes sage !’’ Does not every person of i ordinary intelligence know that General Grant is a Republican President—the acknowledged head of Repnblicanism— and that his message was intended as tbe suggestion of a platform to the Re : publican party? If Jndge Johnson j does not know these things the people !of Georgia do. What is there in this i taeesaao from which h* Lu LU ! platform ? Does J udge J ohnson ask the ! people to vote for him because he hates the Catholics, because he opposes re ; ligion in the schools, because he favors ! the taxation of church property ? If these are the principles which he ad vocates he will find many Republicans in Georgia who will support a Democrat in preference to such an “Independent.” While we may have nothing to fear from Judge Johnson’s candidacy in op position to the regular nominee of the Democratic party, and while it may be considered dcubtfnl whether he could be elected even with two Democratic candidates in the field, still his appear ance should be taken as a warning to the Democracy to close up their ranks and put their Best men foremost. The Democracy of Georgia, no matter what their strength may have been, no matter what it may be now, cannot afford to take any chance of defeat in 1876. The importance of the coming contest—the magnitude of the local issues at stake— the important bearing it will exercise upon national affairs—should admonish the Democrats in this State to make no false step. The convention which will assemble to nominate a candidate for Governor must crash bolters and Inde pendents by acting so that no man will have any excuse for repudiating its action. In this way only can the party be kept together as a compact and powerful organization. In this way only can a triumph be assured. SMITH AND COLQUITT. Wo find the following editorial para graph in the last number of tho Athens Georgian: What official of the Executive Department has been so severely criticising General Col quitt? Can’t somo ono of the Atlanta pipers, in tho exercise of their eternal vigilance, ascertain who ho is, that the people of Geor- • gia may know this official, who is doubtless so zoalous and apprehensive of his third term. If this paragraph means anything, it means that there was some truth in the reports, published in the Chronicle and Sentinel some weeks since, of bad feel ing existing between Governor Smith and General Colquitt. If this inter pretation be correct, the paragraph is to this extent a corroboration of the truth of those reports. We hops that we may be mistaken. But one of two things is perfectly patent: Either Governor Smith and General Colquitt are at feud, or else they have been slandered. We trust that there is no feud between these two distinguished men. We see no oc casion for one. Let it be admitted that each of them is a candidate for the highest office in the gift of the people of Georgia; this is no reason why they should be at daggers’ point. The people, and the people alone must, decide be tween them as they decide every contest of this character. Let them both wait patiently for the verdict. Personal is sues cannot add to the strength of either; they may injure both. SOUTH CAROLINA. A Republican paper like the Hartford Courant plainly points out the duty of the Conservative oitizens of South Caro lina. The Courant says; “The corrupt “ leaders of the black majority which “ controls the State of South Carolina “ are doing their utmost to make the “ people of the North and of the whole “ nation look with eomposure upon the “ adoption of any measure which will “ give the State government to the hon “est and intelligent classes. The white “people of Mississippi by sharp practi “ oes and ballot box stuffing have oap “ tured that State from the negro ma “ jority. The black Legislature of South “ Carolina in a legal and constitutional “ manner have elected to the highest “ judicial offices iu the State a number “ of notorious corruptionists aud incom “ petents. The Mississippi whites have “accomplished a presumably good r “ suit in an improper way; the South i “Carolina blacks have done an infam | “ ous thing legally aud constitutionally. “ Of the two there can be no doubt that “ public opinion throughout the nation “ will regard the Mississippi affair as “ the least blameworthy.” The Democrats in Sonth Carolina j I must determine to overthrow the robber j rnle which is now raining their State. 1 They may rest assured that in their con test they will have the sympathy o||the great mass of Northern Republicans. From the Democrats of the whole coun try they may expect material assistance aud support A Northern exchange ; says: The National Committee of the Democratic party, which met recently iu New York, after a i fall discussion of the situation, decided that it 1 was necessary to concentrate the aid to be ! given in 1876 to the South upon Louisiana and < South Carolina. The other States of the South, j it was concluded, could take care of tliem i selves. It was conceded that Mississippi had been made completely safe for tbe Democratic i electoral ticket, or t hat any omissions would be fully supplied by the session of the Legis lature. which assembles in February next, with i a three-fourths majority for the Democratic | party. It was. therefore, decided to secure | Louisiana and South Carolina. In both States. 1 but especially in the latter, a large campaign fund was deemed absolutely necessary. An agreement was made that the sum of (100,000 should be secured to South Carolina, on eondi- j , tion that (50,000 was raised by tho people of ' ffie State. With (150,000 it was deemed cer j tain that the seven votes of the State could be secured to the Democratic candidate. This statement may or may not be true. But there is every reason to be lieve that the Democrats of the United 1 States will give liberally to the good cause in Sonth Carolina, and that the Republicans will do nothing for Moses, Whippeb A Cos. We are glad to notice in dications of a determination by the South I Carolinians to right their own wrongs. • Hon. Thos. Y. Simons hasealled a meet ing of the State Democratic Executive I Committee in Columbia for next 1 Thursday. There is good reason for believing that the committee will re , commend an immediate and complete ■ organisation of the Democratic party in I South Carolina. The members of that committee are : M. C. Butler, of Edge | field; Wade Hamftox, of Richland; i Thomas Y. Simons, of Charleston; M. P. O’Conor, of Charleston; F. W. Daw -1 sox, of Charleston; John 8. Richard son, of Sumter; S. P. Hamilton, of ! Chester; Johnson Hagood, of Barnwell; W. W. Sellers, of Marion; M. W. Ga i ! rt, of Edgefield; Samuel McGowan, of ii Abbeville; Henry Mclveb, of Cheater- field; W. H. Wallace, of Union; W. D. Simpson, of Laurens. If these gen tlemen shall act as we believe they will; if they shall decide to marshal the fall strength of the Democracy of Sonth Carolina for a square fight with Radi calism and Robbery; if they shall pro vide for an organization of the Demo crats in every county in the State; if they shall recommend a discipline which will canse the party to act as one man, we feel very confident that the trou bles of South Carolina will soon be at an end. The Democrats of Sonth Caro lina could not have a more favorable op portunity for redeeming their State than the one that now presents itself. The absolute villainy of the party in power is so plainly apparent that if there are auy honest Republicans in South Caro lina bonnd to act with the De mocracy. The Republicans of tbe North are unwilling and, if they have the in clination, are afraid to give their sup port to the scoundrels who make Re publicanism a stench in the nostrils of the World. ia -tvnr from the suspension of the habeas cor pus and military draggonades. The ma terial assistance of the Democrats of other States will be given to this holy crusade against corruption and despot ism. The result in Mississippi has just shown how easily a large race majority may be overcome, and how formidable is the strength of a compact, disciplined and desperate minority embodying the virtue, the intelligence, tbe courage and the wealth of a people. The opportune moment has arrived when the mistakes of the past can be rectified and present evils be removed. The Hour has come; let it not be said that in South Carolina the Men were wanting. THE ELECTION FOR TREASURER. Some time it became Governor Smith’s duty to remove State Treasurer Jones and to appoiut someone to dis charge the duties of the office until the Legislature could elect his successor. The Governor filled the vacancy by the appointment of Hon. J. W. Renfroe, at that time assistant to the Comptrol ler-General. Mr. Renfroe promptly gave the verj largo bond required, and has ever since been in charge of the finances of the State. He is a candidate for the position, and his name will be presented to the General Assembly next January. We hope that he will be elected, for we feel confident that a bet ter man for the place can not be found. As we before stated, he has been an assistant to the Comptroller- General for the past three years, and while discharging the duties of that im portant position to the entire satisfac tion of tho Governor, the Legislature and the people, he also obtained a per fect knowledge of the workings of tlia Treasury department. The books of the Comptroller’s office are similar to those •which have been, or which should have been, kept by the Treasurer, and, con sequently, Mr. Renfroe is perfectly fa miliar with all the practical details of the position for which he is an appli cant. It is manifestly to the interest of the tax payers of the State tfiat at this important juncture an experienced hand should take hold of the tangled threi,.y’ of the Treasury. Mr. Renfroe is also a staunch Democrat, and deserves well qf bis party. Ho did much to keep hh oounty (Washington) firm in tlie faith, and represented it worthily for two years in the General Assembly. He is exceed ingly popular in Middle Georgia, ami we feel assured that he will not only , ceive the vote but the hearty support of every member from this section of the State. We have little doubt of his election by a handsome majority, and may congratulate the people of Georgia in advance upon securing the services of so competent and faithful an official in one of the most important departments of the State government. MINOR TOPICS. According to a New Orleans telegram, Pinch back has given up his fight aud will resign before the Louisiana Legislature adjourns, in order that a successor may be elected. His negro admirers in tho Legislature will insist that ono of their number be elected in his stead, aud threaten that they will abandon the Republican party in 1876 unless that is done. Sir. Ingalls’ bill for .the appointment of “special agents” to investigate the huge pen sion frauds is a very expensive affair. It au thorizes tho employment of forty special agents to travel about the country at salaries of $1,600 a year each and $4 per diem ‘ ’subsistence, * besides traveling expenses. This will entail an expenee of at least $150,000 or $160,000 per annum. It would he far more economical and effective to detail men from the existing force in the Pension Bureau to unearth the frauds. Forty special agents traveling about would be very apt to ran np the “subsistence’’ item to a monstrous figure. It is doubtless true that the abolition of the duty on’tea and coffee did not lessen the price of these commodities to the consumer; Imt the question is whether, if the tax should bo restored, the price would not advance propor tionately. Tho effect intended to be produced by tlie removal of tho tax was destroyed by the action of the producing countries ; which immediately levied an oxport duty to the amount whioh the Unitod States took off. If we could be sure that the export duty would be abrogated, it might be well for us to restore the tax ;jf not, it will be better to economize than to raise more revenue in tbs way. The removal of the tax was a mistaken policy, bat its restoration might be a still greater mistake. A medical authority writing to the New York Tribune regarding the death of Vice-President Wilson, corrects one or two very prevalent er rors with respect to apoplexy. Tho symptoms of this disease, so dreaded and so sudden in its attack, are due to a lack of proper supply of blood to the brain, and not, as is generally sup posed, to an accumulation or “rush of blood to the head." The raptnre of the cerebral blood vessels is due to weakness of its coats, which is the result of general debility or ill health.— In the great majority of cases there are no premonitory symptoms. The attack may be preceded by a sense of weight or fullness, ver tigo, flushing, etc., bnt these symptoms are never to he relied on. The liability to an at tack increases progressively from the age of ! twenty years upward. Another popular error is that persons with short necks, florid faces and full habit are peculiarly liable to this at tack. Recent researches develop the fact that the majority of persons attacked are either spare or of ordinary habit of body. Physi cians conclude that unless one attackjhas oc curred there are but few, if any, physical signs or premonitory symptoms which will warrsut the prediction of an attack in any ease. , It looks more and more as if the fiendish ness of Thomas or Thomasskx. who charged himself with the dynamite explosion, was a j creation of a crazy fancy and not a fact. It is i mneh more likely that a lot of dynamite was shipped as freight than that any human being j would attempt to carry out the plot that he I charged himself with in regard to the steamer j Mosel. The shook of the explosion was enough to upset a weak intellect, and. becom : ing insane, he might assume responsibility for the act and tell the incoherent story attributed to him, without being any more responsible than any other spectator for the disaster, j Cases of imaginary guilt and of full confession of it are frequent, and suicide is also charac : teristic of insanity. Knowing that an infernal machine arranged to blow ship, cargo and pas sengers to atoms was in the hold nobody would stan on the (flip, even if he knew the trap was set far several days later titan his proposed ; embarkation. Accidents will happen, and the man who had full knowledge of the danger about the Teasel would not be one of its pas- I sengers. although he did intend to get off and ; with a flourish be left at Southampton. Who i ever had planned snch an affair, too, would 1 keep out of sight, not aim for publicity. It is, all iu ail, a most improbable story. Do not wear your nicest gloves in wet weather. Drops of water will soon slop them. AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 5, 1576. OPR WASHINGTON LETTEB. THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE COM MITTEE APPOINTMENTS. The Sober Second Thought—Disap pointment Over and Kerr Sustained —The Secret of Morrison’s Appoint ment-Wood, Cox and Randall Con tented-New England Snubbed— Planning for the Presidency—The Georgia Members—All Honorably Provided For—A Back-set to the Centennial—Society News, etc. [Special Correspondence Chronicle and Senfitid.] Washington, December 26.—An almost mid-Summer quiet has followed the adjournment, so far as political circles are concerned. The trains east, west, and south, of night before last and yes terday, “carried home for the holidays” all bnt a small remnant of Congress men who will remain at the capital daring the recess. Gossip has gradually crystallized into public sentiment as to Mr. Kerr’s committee appointments, and now, insteadvof tbe fiery talk, and the vehement gestnres in which disap pointment aud exultation were seen confronting each other on Monday after the announcements by the Speaker, we have a hea'thy residuum of qniet dis cussion which gives ns a cool analysis That Kerr Has Done Admirably Well In the main can seriously be questioned only by those who have not been as signed the distinctions belonging to them in their own judgment, and whose self-love has thus been offended. It was almost a necessity that there should be numerous cases of well-founded com plaint, and there are some severe dis appointments. The final judgment will be that Mr. Kerr has steered with con siderable dexterity between the Scylla of incompetency and the Gharybdis of sectional prejudice reinforced by Presi dential jealousies, personal rivalries, differences as to the currency question, and contending claims and interests of all kinds. The great surprise of Mr. Morrison’s appointment to the head of the Ways and Means Committee was the result of an unseemly feud between Messrs. Cox and Wood, each being deter mined to prevent the appointment of the other to the position, which is usually considered the place of party leader ship in the House. Under the circum stances, Mr. Kerr wisely threw both of them overboard and gave the committee to a quiet, modest, plodding gentleman, famed for strong practical sense, and supported him with men like Ben. Hill, Ran. Tucker and Fernando Wood. A careful analysis of the committees will reveal the fact that Mr. Kerr has rarely failed to provide places of distinction for men of real promi nence and conceded ability, and evin ces remarkable accuracy of informa tion as to the calibre of even the new members. Where there is just com plaint, it is to be found in the disposi tion of places on the less important committees, and there is remarkable presumption that in such cases the action of the Speaker was swayed more or less by those about him from whom he sought information and advice. General Good Feeling. On Monday the outlook was anything but encouraging, and the Republicans were exultant at the prospect pf Demo cratic dissensions while applauding the fairness of Kerr’s award of committee appointments so far as the Republican side was concerned. But resentment has subsided, and many prominent mem bers before leaving for home gave Mr. Kerr assurance of cordial support. Mr. Randall, who has been assigned what is really the choice place in the gift of the Speaker, as the coun try and Congress are now situated, was prompt to give his pledge of loyal support. “I shall do all I can to make Kerr’s administration a brilliant suc cess,” said Mr. Randall, on the floor, to an Ohio member. Mr. Wood, who natu rally should feel more aedte disappoint ment than any other member, has grace fully accepted the place of lieutenant on a committee of which, by precedent, he ‘should have been the chief. Immedi ately after adjournment on Monday Mr. Morrison called a meeting of the Ways and Means Committee, and he says that Mr. Wood was thg first man to report, saying pleasantly: “Mr. Chairman, I am ready for duty.” Mr. Cox, with characteristic good nature, says the Banking Committee is the one above alt others to suit him, although it is re membfered that a week ago he protested that he was fit for service on no other committees than those*of the Ways and Means and Foreign Relations. Tlie Philosophy of the Appointments Is to bo read both in the character of the appointees and the known views of the Speaker. Mr. Kerr is said to acknowl edge that ’he designed to throw the weight of power and influence in shap ing legislation to the West and its Southern and Eastern allies. New Eng land has been snubbed with an empha sis that will teach her people that under Democratic auspices the Federal Gov ernment 1 will not be run solely with a view to the nurture of her public inter ests. The appointment of Mr. Morrison is a violation of the precedent that has always given the chairmanship of the Ways and Means Com mittee to the Eastern States. Kerr is shown by his purpose to give preponderating dignity and power to the West to have accurately measured the eixgenoies of the Presidential fight. The Democracy cannot win next Autumn without Indiana and Ohio, and those two States are splendid fields of Demo cratic endeavor. Ohio leads off in the State elections, and I find Ohio Demo crats and Ohio Republicans by the tenor of their conversation foreboding Demo cratic success in that State—the forme e being very confident and the latter more than doubtful as to tbe issue next Au tumn. John G. Thompson assured me yesterday that with Judge Thurman or any other good Democrat as the Presi dential candidate, the Ohio Democracy will give a larger vote than they gave Governor Allen in October, and he does not believe that the Republicans can come within fifteen thousand of Hayes’ vote. Mr. Kerr is a free trader and a hard money advocate!, and he has con stituted his committees in harmony with the views of the most enlightened class ol Western Democratic sentiment, which, after all, is in hearty accord with the same class of Democratic sentiment in the East. How Georgia Has Been Honored. A Georgia member, who was active for Kerr’s election, told mo two weeks ago, a day or two after the Democratic cancns, that “Georgia would be satis fied with Kerr’s committees.” Georgia has indeed been specially honored. Mr. Stephens has been assigned the head of a committee which it is said he desired; Mr. Harris kps also been made chair man of a committee, while Mr. Hill has been placed on a committee of which simple membership is deem ed of much more distinction than the chairmanship of an ordinary committee, aud he has also been made one of the three Regents of the Smith sonian Institute. Mr. Hartridge has been placed upon the committee having in charge the District of Columbia, and the positipn is in a very high degree re sponsible. A close friend of Mr. Kerr told me this morning that the Speaker had been especially careful in selecting the members of this committee. He wanted men of ability and incorruptible integrity for the important work of un earthing the District corruptions. Mr. Buckner, of Missouri, the Chairman, will have valuable aid from Mr. Hart ridge, who, like others of the commit tee, is a man of flint-like honesty. The names of Cook, Blount, Felton, Candler and Smith are fonnd distributed among the various committees which complete the organization of the House. Radical Wrath. The National Republican, among a good many other paragraphs, indicating chagrin at the excellent organization of the House by the Democracy, has this choice piece of venom in this morning’s issue: The New York World declares that the “leader of the House is not a talking member,” but boasts that he will be ably supported in that regard by Messrs. Wood, of New York, and Hill, of Geor gia, who are his cotemporaries on the Wavs and Means Committee. What a spectacle ! A Union soldier relying up on a man who incited the anti-draft riots in New York and a blatant rebel for snpport! But what else could be expected in the ex-Confederate House of Representatives ? Randall Takes a Look Into the Ex penses. Mr. Randall has already had a pre liminary meeting of the Committee on Appropriations. He is confident, after an examination of the Department esti mates for the ensuing fiscal year, that there is a fine field for retrenchment. It is net believed by members of the new Committee on Appropriations that the estimates of the Administration chiefs can be depended npon, as they are fashioned frequently to meet party exigencies and to provide the necessary lubrications vf° r the machinery of con ventions anelections. A Check to Centennial Gush. There is much talk to-day over the re jection by the Virginia Senate of the bill appropriating 810,000 for the pro motion of participation by that State in the Centennial exhibition. Doubtless the bill will ultimately pass, but it is hinted that the adverse vote just now is prompted somewhat by the general Re publican support given to Fort’a resolu tion. A few more snch demonstrations as that of Mr. Fort would soon change the attitude of the South towards the Centennial affair. Social Gayety, Ac., dec. The gay season rarely begins in earn est until after the holidays. Already, however, there have been a nnrjber of private receptions, German' and Lunches. It is likely that Mallard’s Hotel, which is the residence ,of the families of leading Democrats] will be tho scene this Winter of a eo*rt which shall rival the display st the White' House and other resorts of Radical magnates. A largely attended hop was given at Willard’s last evening and wa3 intended as the initial weekly entertain ment of the season. Raymond is giving the Gilded Age at the National Theatre to splendid audiences. His Mulberry Seller is quite as wonderful a creation as Jefferson’s Rip Van Winkle or Gwen’s Solon Shingle. Raymond will shortly visit the leading Southern cities under the management of Mr. John T. Ford, of the Washington and Baltimore theatres. N’lmportb. WHO SHOULD RULE IN THE SOUTH? [Boston Qlobe, Rep. ] While we believe that in most of the Northern States a preponderance of the intelligence, the high purposes, the honest motives and the enlightened con science of the citizens has hitherto been at work in the Republican party and is stil?to be found there, and while we be lieve that the great interests of the na tion as a whole are likely for some years to come to be safer in the keeping of that party than if given over to its oppo nents, we have been convinced by the events of the last few years, and are more and more confirmed in the convic tion every day, that men of the Conserv ative party iu the Southern States are much better qualified to control their local administrations, and are able and disposed to give those Statei much bet ter governments than they have ever had or have any hoye of securing through what is spoken of there as “Radical rule.” There the state of things is the converse of that in the Northern States. The intelligence, the culture, the best motives and the most conscience are to be found as a rule in the Conservative party. In general, too, we believe that the motives of those who make np that party are purer and the purposes higher than those which have animated their opponents. And aside from any theoretical considerations, they form the active and responsible body of the citizens, and their interest is in good government. The native Southerners who by tradi tion and the stress of events and cir cumstances find themselves so generally in opposition to the Republican party, have every possible incentive far desir ing well-ordered communities, settled industries and a state of things which shall foster the growth and develop ment of their material interests and tbe promotion of peace and prosperity.— They have every reason to wish "for wise, stable, economical and efficient govern ments, for all they have and all they can hope for depends on this. It would also be conducive to their well-being to do right by all their citizens, conceding to them equality before the law and exact justice in all thoir relatfSms and we’liave uo donbt that a very If sga 'portion of them are willing and anxious tot do this, and that this sentiment trill extend with every passing year. They have among them many of the worse elements of society, ignorant, prejudiced and brutal, which cause a deal of mischief and obstruct their better purposes, but they will bring these more and more into subjection until they will be no more troublesome and mischievous than the corresponding elements in other sections of (he country. On the other hand, the “Radicals” of the South have been made np largely of negroes, who mean well in the main, but are densely ignorant on the subject of political duties and responsibilities, and easily led by designing men and adven turers from other parts of the country, whose purpose has been to advance their own fortunes regardless of the interests or well-being of the States in which they have settled. Their leaders and managers have in most cases proved themselves to be unscrupulous tricksters or unconscionable villains. The Radi cal governments of the Southern States, which were inaugurated under the re construction acts, turned out to be in most cases the most outrageous paro dies on free government ever tol erated by intelligent men. Extrava gance, recklessness, and official plun dering characterized them from first to last. They burdened those exhausted and disheartened communities with taxes too grievous to be borne; they piled upon them loads of debt which will hamper their energies for years to come, an t they mismanaged affairs in tne most disgraceful way. As soon as the Conservatives succeeded in Trench ing one of those States from the clutches of the plunderers, they began the work of reform, and there can be no question that the government of Georgia, for in stance, in the last two or three years has been a vast improvement on what went by the name of government under Bul lock. Arkansas was in a state of chaos and disorder, and suffered from wretch ed maladministration until the Conser vatives succeeded- in framing and adopt ing anew Constitution, and electing a Governor of their own. Thera is little doubt that Mississippi and Louisiana under Conservative governments would begin that career of peace and recupera tion which has been so auspiciously be gan in their sister States. The single case in which a Southern State has escaped from abominable misgovernment without overthrowing “Radical rule” is that of South Caro lina. After si series of ridiculous and shameful burlesques on State adminis tration, all the better elements, know ing it to be hopeless to attempt to elect a Southern Conservative, united in snp port of Mr. Chamberlain, a Republican and a man of Northern birth, who has proved to be what the best of Republi cans are in the North. His administra tion has been one of thorough reform, honesty and efficiency, but there is dan ger that South Carolina cannot main tain the position which she has suc ceeded in gaining. . The recent election of ex-Governor Moses and Mr. Whipper as Circuit Judges indicates that the old influences are still at work trying to pall the State back into its degradation. We wish, for the sake of the Republi cans, that it were otherwise, but we are forced to the conclnsion that at present it is better for the Southern States to have the Conservatives in the ascend ancy. They may be wrong in some of their views on national questions, but they give the States far better local governments than they have ever had from Republicans. Disgracing His Uniform.— From the Houston Telegraph we take the follow ing : On Friday night last the Fay Templeton Combination played at Deni son, and daring the play ’Alice Vane sang herpietnre song eulogistic of Wash ington, Lee, “ Stonewall ” Jackson and other gentlemen and illustrious men, ex hibiting their pictures, when one Colonel Strang (an army officer, we presume, as he is mentioned by the Denison News as a “ military gentleman ’) hissed. This disconcerted the lady vkry much, and, in her confusion, she stopped. The audience clamored for a continuance, but the doughty warrior rose np in his seat and peremptorily ordered her to “stop,” and to “take them away, we don’t want to hear it! She shall not sing it here.” The audience cried “Go on!” and John Templeton, tehind the scenes, said, “ She shall sing it!” and sing it she did. The Athens Watchman says: Mrs. Waddell, relic of the late Prof. Jas. P. Waddell and mother ol oar fellow citizen, Prof. W. H. Waddell, departed this life at the residence of her son in this city on Sonday night last. Mrs. W. was the daughter of the late Rev. Hope Hall, and had spent the greater part of her life in this commnnity and was highly esteemed by alt who knew her. THE CODE. THE WRONGS OF DUELLING. Sermon by Rev. Dr. Irvine—An Inter esting Discourse. Last Sunday morning Rev. Dr. Irvine preached a sermon at the First Presby terian Chnroh on duelling, fromExodns, xx:l3, “ Thou shalt not kill.” We give the full text: God is the author of hnman life, and as He alone can give it, He alone has a right to take it. There are only two ways by which the Almighty has seen fit to remove His rational creatures. The oue is by natural death, caused by dis ease, or what man call accident. The other by the sanctions of pnblio law. When murder has been committed, and the laws of God and man wantonly set at defiance, then Divine Authority, as serting its prerogative, says “Whoso sheddeth man’s blood, by man shall his blood be shed.” “Whoso killeth any person the murderer shall be pat to death by the mouth of witnesses; more over, ye shall take no satisfaction for the life of a murderer who is guilty of death, bnt ’he shall be surely pnt to death.” “So ye shall not pollute the land wherein ye are; for blood’, it de fileth the land; and the land cannot be cleansed of the blood that is shed there in, but by the blood of him that shed it.” The man who claims the right of taking the life of his fellow man, under any pretext whatever, save the righteous sentence of a broken law, is, according to the definitions I have quoted, a mur derer. He has violated the sixth pre cept of the Decalogue, and the penalty attached to snoh violation is fixed by God Almighty: “The land cannot be cleansed of the blood that is shed there in bnt by the blood of him that shed it.” The laws of all Christian countries are as clear and explicit in their condemna tion of murder as the revealed law of God touching that crime. In all Bible reading lands the inspired Code is adopted as the safeguard of human life, and the death penalty is affixed to the crime of murder when committed with “malice aforethought.” It is a capital felony, and punishable by death. There is, however, a counter Code—a Code which sets at defiance alike the laws of God and man; yes, which sets aside even self-preservation, whioh is the first law of nature. It is called “The Code of Honor," whioh is a misnomer. This Code assumes that there are cer tain wrongs done in social life which can only be repaired to an appeal to arms; that injuries or insults, real or imagi nary, inflicted upon us or those whom we love, must be avenged by the hazards of a duel. Hear some of the provisions of “ The Code of Honor," so-called. A synopsis of these digests will prove their impiousness, their wickedness, their blasphemy and their murderons character. Assuming that certain insults can only be avenged by blood, the prin cipals, so-called, must go armed to the field, but they are accompanied by seconds. If the principals fail to fight, the seconds must fight. Hence the seconds must go*armed to the field as well as their principals. The second is bound to shoot the ad versary of his principal if he take any unfair advantage. He is also bound to snoot the other second if he infringes upon the terms and laws of the duel. If the principals, or either of them, will not fight, then the second deserts him in the field and pronounces him a “coward.” Again, you are not bound to fight a minor, unless you have made a companion of him. You are bound to fight a respectable stranger. Again, seconds have absolute oontrol after tho challenge is given and accepted. Time may be given to make a will. (See Dr. Plumer on sixth commandment.) Surely the provisions of this Code are wicked enough to satisfy the malice of the most fiendish man that ever walked this green earth. 1. It is foolish. Notice the folly of such a Coda. If the principals fail to light the seconds mast fight. Here are' two men who are on terms of friendship, who never had a quarrel, and might live and die at peace with each other, but are dragged by the quarrel of two others into a hostile attitude, and, merely to shed blood, without reason and without cause, they must at least at tempt to shed each others blood. The principals in the combat may have a quarrel, the seconds have none; yet the seconds must fight if the principals fail, and what do the seconds fight for ? For nothing, but because a brutal, barbar ous “Code” says so. What end is gained by the seconds fighting? If they are compelled to fight, no point of honor is ’ settled, no peace is achieved—the ques tion at issue between the principals re mains just where it was. If a wrong was done by the one principal to the other, the fact that two unoffending and innocent men kill each other, or that one of them has been killed by the oth er, does not repair the wrong. If one of the principals calls the other a “liar,” aud a challenge is the result, but the parties fail to fight, then the seconds step in and fight. This does not make the One principal a man of trnth and the other a slanderer. The question of per sonal character or honor remains just where it was, and all that has been de cided is that one innocent man, prob ably two, have been wounded or killed in blood, and killed for no canse. Is not this the very hight of folly ? 2. It is cowardly. Failing to fight, by this foolish and bloody “Code ol Honor,” the duelist is abandoned on the field and pronounced a “coward,” and probably published in the journals of his country as a “coward.” This, to some, might seem a great ignominy, to be sbnnned by men of “honor,” to be gazetted and branded as a “coward.” What courageous spirit coaid bear such reproach,? Colonel James Gardner, one of the most heroic and daring soldiers who ever confronted a foeman, when chal lenged, said : “ lam not afraid to fight, but lam afraid to sin." There are two kinds of courage. There is the brutpl courage ol the tiger, and the moral courage of the Christian martyr. The question of courage or cowardice in the “ Code” may now be considered. A man is afraid to be called a “coward. ” Who calls him a coward ? of whom is he afraid ? Certainly no religion man, no truly good man, no man whose good opinion is worth having, will condemn him for not accepting a challenge. Therefore, he has nothing to fear from the opinion of a truly moral or Chris tian community. But he is afraid of the opinion of his companions or accom plices in the crime of duelling. I con tend that the fear of being called a coward is itself a proof of the very greatest cowardice. He is a brave man who is not afraid to do right; he is a hero who is afraid to do wrong. The bravest man on earth is the man who will obey God’s law, despite every con ventional Code, and every immoral cus tom which may run counter to it. The highest proof of courage we hold to be a fixed determination to “ obey God rather than man.” Why, this is the very glory of true manhood. The “ Code of Honor ” says it is the glory of a man to fight. The Code of Heav en, by the wisest of inspired authors, says : “It is the glory of a man to pass over a transgression.” Proverbs, xix, ii, The Code of Honor says there are cer tain offenses which can only be avenged by the duel. The Code of the Almighty says “Vengeance is Mine ; I will repay, saith the Lord.” The “Code of Honor” says you are a coward if yon don’t fight and shed the blood of the man who has done yon a real or imaginary wrong. The Code of Jehovah says: “If thine enemy hanger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink ; for in so doing thon shalt heap coals of fire on his head.” The “Code of Honor” says you mnst fight, flee or be branded as a coward, and yon are too cowardly to enoounter snch a penalty. Is it not far more cow ardly to tremble before the opinion of men whose system of ethics is fonnd in the Code of Honor than to quail under the lash of a murderer’s conscience and encounter the dread penalty of the Vio lated law of God and man ? The gnaw ing of the worm that never dies. The consuming fire that can never be quenched ! He is the greatest coward on earth who cannot brave the depraved sentiment, however popular it may be, which approves what God condems. The infidel—the atheist—the man of the world—the 'man of honor, falsely so called, may laud yon or langh at yonr brutal courage—bat "The atheist’s laugh’s a poor reward For Deity offended.” Bnt where, after all, is the courage of the dnelist? Is it not customary lot the parties engaged in duelling to meet and manage all the arrangements in the darkness of tlie night. Is this cour ageous* Ib it not usual for the oom-f batants to meet early in the morning, and in some retired place; sot in the open streets or parks of onr cities, bnt stealthily—nsualiy at grey dawn and outside of the range of public observa tion. Is this not cowardly? Where is the honor in such skulking? Then is it not cowardly of the victor in a duel to flee his own country. He is afraid of publio opinion. We contend, then, that in almost every duel there is more c&wardice than courage. The coward in such a case is the man who is afraid to face the laws of his country and his God, and is afraid to fight them, but, according to his own confession, his only courage is that false and artificial heroism, which is inspired by a depraved sentiment, and directed by a brutal Code, and fed by stimulants. I have heard of many a man fleeing his country after murdering his antagonist in a duel, but I only know of one who fled from Canada to this Republic, after killing his challenger, who repented and returned to Canada, gave himself up to the laws of his country, which he had violated, and was condemned to death, but the sen tence was commuted, and he rose after wards in his profession, and became a leading jurist in the country. His is the only instance of true Christian courage I have ever known in the his tory of what is oalled, though falsely called, “The-Code of Honor,” and he lived and died an humble penitent. 3. This “Code of Honor” is ungentle manly. It is ungentlemanly because it provides that a “man may fight with a minor if he has made a companion of him.” Now, a minor, being under age, is under the guidanoe of his parents or guardians, and if he commit an offense against you, the parent or guardian, and not the minor, is the gentleman against whom to lodge the oomplaint. If a minor contract a debt, the creditor looks not to him, but to. the parent or guar dian for payment. If a minor embez zles his employer’s property, the em ployer appeals to his parents or guar dians for reparation. This is honest— it is gentlemanly—but if he offends a man, and offers him a real or imaginary insult, by this “Code” he must run the risk of a duel, and kill or be killed, as the case may be. The sire of sixty mnst shoot down the stripling of sixteen be cause the Code says so. Yet this is called honorable, because a thing called “The Code of Honor” says so. Com mon law and common sense say it is wrong, sinful and dishonorable, and, therefore, ungentlemanly. It is ungentlemanly because it pro vides that a man may fight with a “re spectable stranger.” How is the respec tability of the stranger to be determin ed ? Two parties meet on board a steamer, and are strangers to each other. They engage in the popular game of whist, and a quarrel ensues. According to this “Code” they may fight. Now the stranger in question, or either of the strangers, may be or may not be respect able. The question of respectability cannot be determined by a man’s ap parel. Nor yet by his manners ; nor even by his education. Character is the criterion of respectability, and as the strangers are utterly unacquainted with each other’s character, they are not on terms of equality, and therefore can not, even by the showing of the “Code,” fight. In many oases, indeed in most cases, which this olause of the “Code” is intended to meet, it would be utterly Sssible for them to fight. The one t be a gentleman by birth and edu cation; the other might be a piokpocket; yet they are bound by the “Code” to fight. It is ungentlemanly because, in most cases, the provocation is an ungen tlemanly word or an nngentlemanly aot. A man oalls another a liar, a ras cal or a scoundrel —the reanlt is a chal lenge. Now, in the first place, a gentle man would not use such language.— Hence, if he uses ungentlemanly lan guage, yon are not bound to fight him. Again: If he believes you to be a liar, or a scoundrel, or a rascal, why should he, as a gentleman, £pht with a man he has denounced in suvi/t terms as not his equal? In either oase, then, there oan not be a duel, the Code itself being wit ness. 4. **The Code” is borbarously im moral and heinously wicked. Tt is an express violation of God’s law to fight a duel, and the duelist is at once a sui cide and a murderer. Every man who engages in a duel giisi to the field de termined to kill his antagonist, or be killed by him. Hence the duelist is guilty of the double crime of murder and of self-murder. It matters not whether he is killed, or whether he kills his opponent, he is a murderer at heart, and his crime is aggravated by the fact that he enters the field with a double intent—an intent to kill or an intent to be killed. 'No man has a right to take his own life, for God gave it; no man has a right to take another man’s life, for God gave it. ’ Nay, more; the text expressly forbids the taking away of hu man life, under any circumstanoes, save when forfeited by law. But this “Code” gives the lie to God’s holy law, and pro nounces that to be right which God de clares to be wrong. It thus braves the Almighty to his face. It declares that to be conventionally right which God declares to be abstract ly and eternally wrong. It aotuallv re verses the moral law. God says, “Thou shalt not kill.” The duelist says, “Thou shalt kill. ” Yon are insnlted—you mnst give or take blood. Thus it is that the “Code of Honor” and the Code of Sinai are as much opposed to each other as are light and darkness or good and evil. Heaven and hell are not more contrary to each other in respect to their in mates and employments than are the two Codes—the Code of Jehovah, writ ten with His own finger on tables of stone, and the Code of the duelist, whose provisions warrant the deliberate shedding of blood. 5. Hence it is that the ablest writers on jurisprudence have ranked the crime of duelling among the foulest and blackest felonies known to hnman law. Sir Matthew Hale, one of England’s most celebrated Judges, says touching the dnel: “If one kills another in fight, even upon the provocation of him that’s kill ed, ’tis murder.” Therefore, the dnelist, whether Wi kills or is killed, stands in the eye o:’ the law guilty of murder, and the laws of God and man brand him as a mur derer. Blacketone’s definition is very explicit: “ Express malice is when one with a sedate, deliberate mind and formed design doth kill another, which formed design is' evidenced by external circumstances discerning that inward in tention, as laying in wait, antecedent menaces, former grudges and concerted schemes to do him bodily harm. This takes in the case of duelling where both parties avowedly with an intent to mur der, thinking it their dnty as gentlemen, and claiming it as their right to wanton with their own lives and those of their fellow men, without any authority or warrant from any power, either hnman or divine, but in direct contradiction of the laws of God and man.” The dnelist is, therefore, a murderer. If one es capes, he flees from the field of deadly combat a murderer in fact, and is pur sued by the cry of blood. Such are the principles laid down by the highest au thority in jurisprudence. They are not the sentiments of the mere moralist or the divine, or the expositor of the In spired Book, but tbe deliberate com mentaries of learned jurists in expound ing the principles of criminal law. Some years ago the Justices of tbe Supreme Court of the United States were invited by a committee of the House of Representatives to attend tbe funeral of a member who fell in a dnel. After “mature deliberation” they adopt ed the following resolutions: “ Resolved, That the Justices of the Supreme Court entertain a high respeot for the character ol the deceased, sin cerely deplore his untimely death and sympathize with his bereaved family in the affliction which has fallen npon them. “ Resolved, That with every desire to manifest their respect for the Honse of Representatives and the committee of the Honse by whom they have been in vited and for the memory of the la mented deceased, the Justices of the Supreme Court cannot consistently with the duties which they owe to the public attend in their official capacity the fune ral of one who has fallen in a dnek “ Resolved, That the proceedings be entered on the minutes of the Court, and that the Chief Jnstice enclose a copy to the Chairman of the committee of the House of Representatives.” These resolutions prove that the pulse of this great Republic beats soundly on the crime of dnelling. The “ Code of Honor” is proscribed by gentlemen who stand highest in the legal profession and is driven oat of the domain of so cial respectability. May it sink lower and lower still, nntil it reach an igno minious grave. Bat it is hot necessary to go back to the legislation of Sinai, nor to appeal to Bible teaching, nor even to the exposi tors of the criminal code of England and America for an explicit definition of the crime .of dnelling. The Statute Book of Georgia is as orthodox as the ritual of Moses or the commentaries of Coke or Blacksone. The extracts from one of your city papers (the Constitu tionalist) of 18th December, 1875, show that your State Legislature has given yon a law as sound aud severe as God’s own law on this subject. That every guard which human enactment, sanc tioned by the Inspired Code, can possi bly place upon the life of a citizen is provided for by State legislation. You require nothing more stringent, nothing more explicit. All yon want is a faith ful and vigorous administration of yonr own Code, in order to deter or punish the parties, if detected in the crime of duelling, whether they act iu a primary or secondary capacity. To all this may be added the sentiment of the press of our country. The journals of the land, whether religious or secular, arc unani mous in tbeir testimony against the crime of dnelling. The admirable and well timed editorials of our two city pa pers of the 18th of December show that the secular press of Augusta is sound on this subject. Iu the face of all this ar ray of testimony, who will venture to lift his voice in defense, or even in pal liation of the inhuman practice of duel ling? The crime is denounced by the high est of all authority, the Almighty him self. It is denounced by the laws of all civilized nations as unnatural, brutal and impious. It is denounced by the press, the pulpit, the bench and the most intelligent and respectable mem bers of the bar. It is denounced by the wailing widow and the weeping orphan, whose only support has, in a moment of frenzied fury, been driven into the pres ence of God, the Judge of all; by the deadly weapon of an enraged adversary. It is denounced by the broken-hearted father, the loving mother, the devoted sister and the surviving brother, whose wretched home is draped in sorrow, eansed by tbe woful tidings which have been borne from the field of “honor,” the Aceldama of the duellist. We ask again who will venture to defend—who will even dare to palliate the sanguinary enactments of the “Code of Honor?” ‘ 1 ’Tie hard indeed if nothing will defend Mankind from quarrels but their fatal end; That now and then a hero must decease, That the surviving world may live iu peace. Perhaps, at last, dose sorutiuy may show That praotice dastardly and mean aud low; That men engage in it compelled by force, And fear , not courage, is the proper source — Tbe fear of tyrant custom, and the fear Lest fops should censure us and fools should sneer— While yet we trample on our Maker’s laws, And hazard life for any or no oause.” 6. There is another article in the “Code of Honor” which demands serious consideration. We refer to the part, the awfully responsible part, which it assigns to the seconds in a duel. Life, honor, oharaoter—all are entrusted to two gentlemen, who have it in their power to arrest the duel or to carry it through. Now, as there is a right and wrong in every case, no difficulty oan possibly occur between any two men in which one of the two is not blame worthy. Let the seconds then find out where the wrong is and make it right with the injured party. If the seconds are sensible men, and peace loving men—men of true honor—whose only aim is to do right and cause others to do right, then they have to say there shall be uo blood shed. We maintain that the second in a duel is more responsible than his principal, and if the seoonds are wise men, there never can be a duel. This artiole in the “Code of Honor" throws the entire responsibility of tbe duel and all its dreadful consequence on tho seoonds. If there are degrees in sin, as we be lieve there are; and if sin is aggravated by ciroumstanoes, as we believe it is, then of the two parties, the principal and his second, the latter is by far the more enlpable, beoause his spirit has been roused by no insult, his temper raffled by no harsh word, his judgment blinded by no burst of passion, he plots, plans, advises and abets in this oase of wilful and “deliberate murder” in a moment of cool reflection. The murder of his friend, or the antagonist of his friend, lies at his door. He drove his friend into the field of combat. He was an accessory before the fact. And if it is recorded of Jereboam, the son of Nebat, that he was pre-eminently wicked because “he made Israel to sin,” so it may be said of the second in every fatal duel—that he is muoh more guilty than either the murderer or the murdered man, for he made them both mur derers. That there are degrees of criminality is evident from the annonneement of the Lord Jesus Christ, who, addressing Pilate, said ; “He that delivereth me unto thee hath the greater sin.” Pilate sinned in condemning the innocent Jesns; the soldiers sinned in plaiting the crown of thorns and in piercing His hands and feet; the soldier sinned who Sierced His side; the high priest sinned; [erod sinned; they all sinned; but the’ man who betrayed Him sinned above them all. He had “the greater sin.”— So in the case of the duelist. He sins, for if he is the challenger he has time to reflect and ponder npon the serious step he is about to take, and though goaded by passion and craving revenge, and maddened bv insult, yet he has it in his power to calculate, and to challenge or not challenge; bnt, when he throws him self into the hands of another man and resigns his entire responsibility—physi cal, mental and moral—into the hands of a friend, a second, and that friend says you must fight, we say that second is by far the worse man of the two. The laws of the country only regard him as a particeps criminis, as an ac cessory before the fact; but in the sight of God he seems to be by far the more guilty of the two. He has it in his power to prevent murder, and yet he will not prevent it. But as there are de grees in guilt it seems to us that the seoonds in every duel are morally more guilty than the principals. You are passing a neighbor’s house, and you see an incendiary striking a match to fire the premises. The match began to flicker in the breeze of tho night, and von hand that ruffian a box of matches and bid him God-speed in his diabolical and jeds of darkness; which is the more guilty of the two, the depraved ineen dic.ry who, it may be, burns that honse to take vengeance of a man who has done him a real or imaginary wrong, or yourself, a voluntary accomplice and a willful abettor in the shocking felony ? And who is the greater criminal in the sight of God, the frenaied ohallenger, whose wounded pride and bnrning passion impel him to seek vengeance for a wrong under which his soul is writh ing, or the man who hounds him on to that atrocious act which chases his im mortal soul or that of his murdered ad versary into the presence of an angry God? Before tho bar of inscrutable jnstice, and in the presence of “God, the Judge of all,” tell ma who is the more likely of the two to become the subject of Divine compassion! the slaughtered principal in the fatal duel or the hollow hearted advisor, by whose mistaken counsel he was led to the slaughter. I can imagine that when tho Record ing Angel who hovered over that field of blood, where the frenzied combatants met, fled back to Heaven’s Chancery to lay the drastic tidings in, he dropped a tear of pity over the tragic record and blotted from its page the names of the maddened principals in the sad affray, and charged the blood that flowed, not to the hand of the demented dnelist who shed it, bnt to the misguided advisers whose counsels led to such a fatal issue. In conclnsion, permit a word of warn ing and affectionate counsel to the yonng men who sit in these pews. “Wherewithal shall a young man cleanse his way? by taking heed thereto ac cording to Thy Word.” The Statute Book of Heaven is the highest and holiest “Code of Honor.” The yonng man who reads his Bible daily, and makes it “the man of his counsels,” is never likely to receive or accept a chal lenge. In this volume yon have a sys tem of ethics whioh regulates all the re lations of life, and announces not only the dntjes yon owe to God and man, bnt prescribes infallible rales for their per formance. Let meput it to yon to-day, as in the sight of God, whether wonld yon have it written on your tombstone that yon were a member of the Yonng Men’s Christian Association, and that your life had been spent in “works of faith, in labors of love and patience of hope,” or that yon were a brave, daring hero, who had fonght a dnel, or ten dnels, and slain as many adversaries, or reoeived as many wounds ? Do I address a yonng man to-day who would wish to walk the pathway of life pursued at every step by the cry ol the avenger of blood? Do I see before vt}A a young man who would wish to carry the gnilt of a murdered antagonist to his dying bod, and face tho Judgment Seat of Christ with the blood of that man on NUMBER 1 ' his conscience? Not one. Is there within these walls a single hearer, young or old, who does not shudder at the nlf? i of meetiD S “God, the Judge of ail, laden with the sins of a whole life time, spent in the mere neglect of known duty ? If so, what must be the ■ state of that soul which is defiled by tha crime of murder? To avoid the giiaw-’ mg of the worm that cannot die; to es cape the burning of the fire that shall not be quenched, there is but one Course prescribed. Purify your way bv giving heed to God’s word. Give your selves first to God and devote your lives to His servioe. We recommend to all young men of our city to ally themselves with the Young Men’s Christian Association.— Like the name of the Lord, it is “a strong power; the righteous runneth into it and are safe.” It is a city of refuge, and within its walls the avenger of blood will seek you in vain. It is a temple of worship, and on its altars tho eye of faith may “behold the Lamb of God who taketh away the sins of the wo “It is a Christian community, and the only test of membership is that you have given yourselves to Christ. It is an hospital, and it opens its doors for every young man who is sick and sore anand sin wounded, tlie treatment of tho Great Physician. It is an army corps, and over it floats the banner of the cross of Christ—the great Captain of our Salvation. Let yonr names be placed upon its muster roll; oe faithful in attending its drill ana parade; be ready for aotion when called to your post of duty. The weapons of its warfare are not carnal but mighty to the pulling down of strongholds, easting down imaginations and every high thing that exaltetli itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ. The euemies against whom its foroes contend are not even the ungodly and the profane, for . this society loves and pities, and would f a T. 6 m Vllest re P robate reeking out of hell. They “wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of tho darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places.” THE STATE. TBtE PEOPLE AND THE PAPERS. A negro woman and child were recent ly frozen to death in Jackson county. They celebrate Christmas in Savannah by breaking plate glass store windows. Bishop George F. Pierce has returned to Georgia after a prolonged Western tour. Mr. Joseph Taylor Smith, an esti mable young man of Savannah, died Christmas day. Mr. Henry W. Grady, of the Atlanta Herald, has been seriously ill with pneumonia, but is convalescing. Savannah had the usual Christmas complement of murders, stabbings, shootings, drunkenness and rowdyism generally. A Christmas row in Savannah cost a foreign sailor his ear. They would have taken his cheek, only they don’t need it in Savannah. Dr. J. G. Thomas, of Savannah, is a delegate to the International Medical Congress, which meets in Philadelphia September 4, 1876. It is stated that Mr. Conley, of Jasper oounty, made this season three thousand one hundred and fifty bushels of corn on thirty acres of land. The Albany News is “willing now to have a Constitutional Convention, and will probably interpose no objection to the bill.” This shows how the thing is working. The Henry _ Connty Ledger speaks right out loud in the meeting. It hoists the gubernatorial flag to the mast head and on it is inscribed the name of John H. James. Hon. Henry R, Harris, of the Second Distriot, is a hunter of animals as well as of men, A few days since he caught three large beavers near his home in Merriwetker county. The citizens of Griffin have appointed a committee to have the charter so amended as to materially curtail the ex penses of government and restrict the contraction of debts by tho town. The second trial of Anderson Winn for killing John Bruce at Dixie Camp Ground, Hancock county, terminated last week in a second verdict of guilty. A motion for anew trial was made. The Barnesville Gazette is in favor of a Constitutional Convention, but thinks that the Legislature is afraid to submit the question to the people, and that if it is submitted the people will vote it down. The Covington Enterprise says that Newton county will insist npon pre senting a candidate to make the race for Congress in _ that district, at the next election. His name will be presented at the proper time. The editor of the Macon Telegraph denies, on the very best authority, that Goveunor Smith has said he would not run again if nominated. He will not be a candidate, but will accept a nomina tion if tendered. At last the war is ended. E. L. Cham berlain has been elected Librarian of the Young Men’s Library, and Atlanta breathes free again. It may comfort an anxious world to know that the vote stood eight to twelve. Married, on the 23d instant, at tho residence of the bride’s father, at Point Peter, Oglethorpe oounty, Ga., by Rev. Thomas L. Pierce, Miss Fannie, only daughter of Dr. W. W. Davenport, to Tunis W. Powell, of High Shoals, Ga. Atlanta' was almost as prolifio of Christmas crimes and accidents as Au gusta. One darkey cut another with a razor, another broke a brother’s head with a rock, and yet another darkey broke his little gun over a policeman’s head. Hon. H. H. Carlton is still confined to his residence in Athens. We hope and pray for his speedy recovery., Dr. Carl ton is one of the best men in the State, and is one of the most intelligent, prac tical and progressive members of the General Assembly. The Jefferson News and Farmer says: “It is thought that Gov. Smith will not offer to ran for Governor, but will serve tho people if’they want him. Well, tlie people down in this part of the country would rather have him than any other man that has been nominated.” A negro made npon Gen. S. P. My rick’s Sumter plantation, on five-eighths of an acre, one hundred and ninety eight gallons of svrnp, reserving three thousand stalks for seed, for which he was offered seventy-five cents per gallon, two wagon loads of good forage and six bushels of com, planted between rows. Within the past week the sale of two valuable mining properties near Dah lonega has transpired. The Lamar lot, on which the recent rich development was made, has been sold to parties from Washington, Ohio, and the Gordon property on Camp creek, has been con tracted for by parties from New York.— Work will commence immediately. Secretary Johnston informs Colonel Jones, of the Macon Telegraph, that all the funds of the Fair Association, amounting to some four thousand dol lars, are in the hands of tho Treasurer, Colonel Lawton, and, so far, non corn eatable, which will explain why pre miums and advertisements have not all been paid. He hopes, however, to “set tle np” ere long. The Chattanooga Times says there is not the least doubt bnt that early in the coming year the first shipment of 1,600 tons of the choicest selection of iron, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama fur naces, will be made. A pig iron bro ker of Chattanooga is conducting tho negotiation, and tho Times thinks tho English market will take every surplus pound of onr cold blast metal. This is the way they do it in Coving ton. Says the local chronicle: “Some of the young gentlemen of Covington pro pose making New Year’s calls. Let those of onr citizens who desire to be con gratulated on the first day of Jailnary open their doors and set out their re freshments. The boys expeot to call between the hours of 10, a. m., and 4, p. m. o’clock. Poetess in the Newnan Star on the Brinkley wife murder insanity case: I believe that he was sober, and know that he was not insane; tho’ he were, then it would be nnjnst to tarn him oat again. And even if they should, my sentiments I will give; I don’t believe our oitizens will let the villian live. My feelings were aroused when Brinkley killed his wife; if she was anything to me, I my self would take his life. Where there is a will there is a way, I never knew it to fail; before this time, I would have tried to brake ia jail.