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010 SERIES—VOL. XCI BEE SERIES—VOL. XL. TERMS. THE DAILY CHBOKICLE A SENTINEL, the oldeat newspaper in the Booth, is published daily, except Monday. Term* : Per year, •10 ; eix month*. $5; three month*. #2 90. THE WEEKLY CHRONICLE A SENTINEL ia published every Wedneeday. Term* : One year, eix month*. sl. THE TRI-WEEKLY CHRONICLE A SENTI NEL ia published every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. Term*: One year, 19; six month*. •? 90. SUBSCRIPTIONS in all cases in advance, and no paper continued after the expiration of the time paid for. MATES OF ADVERTISING IN DAILY.—AII transient ad 7erti*ements will be charged at the rate of $1 per square each insertion for the first week. Advertisements in Tri-Week ly, $1 per square; in Weekly. 01 per square. Marriage and Funeral Notices. 01 each. Special Notices, fix per square. Special rates will be made for advertisements running for one month or longer. ALL COMMUNICATIONS announcing candi dates for offloe—from County Constable to members of Congress—will be charged at the rate of twenty cents per line. All announce ments must be paid for in advance. Address WALSH A WRIGHT, Chronicle A SawTOrgn. Augusts. Ga. Cftronttlg anft Sentinel. WEDNESDAY AUGUST 30, 187*. Tax Turks continue their atrocities in •pite of the solemn warning of Great Britain. Lord Dkrby will have to em phasize that last remark with a man of war. If General Butler ia not elected in the Seventh District he means to move into the Eighth. He started in the Sixth and means to take all the Districts in rotation. i The New York Herald thinks Mob ton’s declaration that the morals of pub lic officials under Gbant are no worse than they were under Jackson is a bad showing for Jackson’s officials. Sinob the success of Columbus in the American business there has been noth ing like Grant's discovery of the fact that Brutow was a conspirator with un hallowed designs on the Presidency. Thb New York Herald propounds this conundrum : “ Why should the President insist upon nominating men lor office who have spotted reputations?” It must be because a fellow-feeling makes Ane wondrous kind. If the Republicans have done their beat, as they say they have, and busi ness is flat, money tight, and laboring men fighting the wolf of starvation in midsummer, how could that party better things by electing Hayes ? Crook and Terry have at length ef fected a junction of their forces. Now if they can pnrsuade the Sionx warriors to stand and fight, the Indian war will not last long. We are convinced/though, that Bitting Bull is not that kind of a general. The choioe of time and place rests with him. Mb. Finkrlnbubo, the Republican nominee for Governor of Missouri, has declined. He was afraid that his name could not be properly handled in the oanvass. There isn’t muoh Republican party in Missouri, and it won’t make muoh difference whether the vacancy is filled or not, . Thb Repnblican orators are earliest on the stump. They are anxious and frightened. Morton and Sherman abandoned their posts of duty to get in the first word. Shbllabaroeb and Har rison make haste to say somothing. The Democratic Ciceros may be late, but they will be able to trump the trick, as it were. General Sittinoßull has been heard from. He has dropped a line to the offloer in oommand at Fort Peck, inti mating that he would like to call and do a little trading. He says that he is growing old, and is not anxious for war, but the white folks keep orowding him, and he is compelled to fight. We infer that Mr. Bull is in good health. Lbt the people judge between the Ad ministration and a Democratic House of Representatives in respect to the River and Harbor appropriations. Last year the appropriations were $6,643,- 617 60. The estimates of the Adminis tration for the cnrrent year were $14,- 301,100. The House recommended an appropriation of $5,872,850, and finally oonourred with the Senate in an appro priation of $5,000,000. Was it the House or the Administration that want ed a fund to bribe Southern voters ? Hon. Allen D. Candler, of Hall Oonnty, is a candidate for re-electioD to the Lower House of the General Assem bly. Mr. Candles has been a member of the Legislature for several years. He is an intelligent, sensible and useful legislator. He was recognized as one of the leading members of the last House, and no member surpassed him in zeal and devotion to the interests of Georgia. The people of Hall oonnty will reflect credit upon themselves and benefit their county and the State by re-electing Mr. Candler. His experi ence in legislative matters will enable him to render more intelligent and ef ficient service to the State. Mb. Kasson, the Republican member lrom lowa, made a delioious blackguard of himself in the House upon the eve of adjournment. His assault upon the Dem ocratic party wonld have discredited a pot-house brawler. Just before adjourn ment Mr. Page, of California, announc ed to the House that the Speaker had agreed to appoint Mr. Kasson a member of the oommittee which was to go junk eting to California to inquire into the Mongolian business, and that because of his speech the Speaker had changed his mind, and had appointed another man. We know nothing of Mr. Say lbr's pledge to Kasson, but be certainly did right in refusing to place him npon the Mongolian Inquiry Committee. A man who could make such an offensive, intemperate, partisan attack upon peo ple who happened to disagree with him had no fitness for a position on that im portant committee. He is not capable of inqniring into a great problem, and Mr. Saylsb had the good sense to un derstand it Son eonfasion has arisen on account of the miannderstanding concerning the amended Congressional election law. Under section 25, Revised Statutes, it was provided that elections for Con gressmen shonld be held in all of the States on the Tuesday next following the first Monday in November of each alter nate year. It was found, however, that this would work hardship in some States, where it would be necessary to ohange the Constitution of the State, which had already fixed the date of elec tion for State officers and Congressmen. In 1875, accordingly, Congress enacted that this section should “ not apply to any State that has not yet changed its day of election, and whoee Constitution must be amended in order to effect a ohange in the day of the election of State offioen in said State.” As the law now stands, therefore, Congressional •lections must be held on the same day with the State eleotion, or on the Tues day following the first Monday in No vember. But it is believed by some that the last clause should read, “to effect a ohange in the day of the election of said officers in aaid State,” which would refer pnly to Congressional elections. THE ONLY HOPK OF SOUTH CARO LINA. The action of the Democratic party of South Carolina in nominating General Wade Hampton for Governor meets with the approval of good men everywhere. The issues are well defined and the lines are sharply drawn. Principle no less than policy demanded that the issne should be made, and every friend of the prostrate State most rejoice at the turn which events have taken in the presenta tion of honest and capable men for office. The Radical party in South Carolina is corrupt and infamous be yond the hope of redemption. There is no leaven in it. The whole mass is shaking with political putrefaction. As the body of the party is rotten, its mem bers are paralyzed. Even the few in the party who make any pretension to respectability are not withont the taint of corruption. Under this condition of affairs, the duty of the hon est peoDle of South Carolina is so plain that it needs no argument to convince them. What has been done in Missis sippi, Arkansas and Alabama can he done in South Carolina. With a solid, compact, intelligent organization ©f-ll the people who are in favor of honest government, we can see no good reason why the State ticket, headed by Gen. Wade Hampton, cannot be elected.— There is this consolation, that if rooted in the fight, the condition of affairs can not be more intolerable than it has been for the last seven years. Policy and conciliation have been tried in vain.— A square fight for principles—for hon esty and reform in the government—will result either in the election of the en tire ticket, or in the election of such a strong delegation to the General As sembly as will prevent the Radicals from continuing to plunder the people. We have great faith in the success of the reform movement. THB JUDICIARY. Jndge Dillon, one of the most emi nent jurists of this country, has re cently given expression to some very sonnd and Urholeaome reflections npon oonstitntiqnal reform, in which he thus speaks of the necessity of preserving the judiciary of onr oountry pure and nnsnllied: “In one matter of Bupreme importance,” says he, “the people of most of the States have departed from the system which was approved and adopted by the founders of onr Gov ernment—l mean in substituting an elective judiciary, with short terms, in place of an appointed judiciary with a permanent tenure—that is, during good behavior.” “Reflecting men know that this is a very disastrous mistake, and candid men will admit it. In all onr constitutions, executive, legislative and judicial pow ers are carefully discriminated and sep arated. We have the high authority of Mr. Webster that ‘Liberty is only to be preserved by maintaining the great divisions of political power.’ Legisla tive and judicial powers are entirely dis similar. As respects the exercise of the one, majorities—the popular voice—may well govern. As respects the exercise of judicial power, popular opinion has no place, and it is an invasion of the rights of justice if it ever enters the jury box or is regarded by the judge. A stable and independent judiciary is the strong est hope of the country— judges who are independent of the people, of the legis lative, of the executive, or of party fa vor." We of Georgia are blessed in one re spect—we have an appointed judiciary but of short tenure, and therefore fre quently opens the door for Judges to look forward to some favor from the people or the representatives of the peo ple. It is to be hoped that if ever a Constitutional Convention should be oalled the people of onr State will look well to this matter, and place onr ju diciary beyond the reach of popular fa vor, and elevate that great safeguard to snoh a height that its ermine will never be soiled by the contaminating touch of politics. Let the saintary words of Jndge Dillon forever ring in the ears of the trne lovers of liberty, that “a sta ble and independent judiciary is the strongest hope of the country.” TROOPS IN THE SOUTH. The Boston Olobe says: While Gener als Crook and Terry are left to con tend against the hostile Sioux with an insufficient foroe, about half of the regu lar army of the United States is kept in the Southern States, where there is no proper military service for it to perform, and the General of the Army is directed to hold in readines all the available force under his oommand to be used in pro tecting citizens in the right to vote. Nothing is said in the order of Secreta ry Cameron as to the localities in which this foroe will be required, but the General is directed to have it “so dis tributed and stationed as to be able to render prompt assistance in the enforce ment of law."” When Congress was ask ed for authority for the enlistment of volunteers to serve against the Indians, it was pretended that there were no troops of the regular army available for the reinforcement of Crook and Terry. There are now 188 companies of in fantry, cavalry and artillery stationed at the South, and as, according to a re cent statement of General Sherman be fore a Congressional Committee, the companies average only about fifty men each, the number of men cannot be far from 7,000. Nearly all the artillery, consisting of twenty companies, is sta tioned along the coasts in forts, and forms no part of what is sometimes call ed the “army of occupation,” but is for the most part an army without occupa tion. All of the twenty-six companies of cavalry and forty-five of infantry are stationed in Texas, mostly along the Rio Grande, and are supposed to pro tect the border from the incursions of the Mexican guerrillas. Of the remain ing forty-seven companies of infantry, twelve are in Louisiana, two being at New Orleans, two at Baton Rouge, one at Shreveport, one at Conshatta, one at Bayou Sara, one at Clinton, one at St. Martinsville, and two at Pineville; ten are in Missississippi, of whieh two are at Vicksburg, two at Jackson, four at Holly Springs, one at Fort Gibson and one at McComb City; eight are in South Carolina, of which four are at Columbia, two at Aiken, one at York ville, and one at Greenville; seven are in Georgia, all stotioned at Atlanta; five in Alabama, one being at Mobile, one at Huntsville, one at Livingston, and two at Mount 7ernon Barracks; three are in Tennessee, two of them at Naahvitle and one at Chattanooga; and two are at Lit* tie Rock, Arkansas. The use which it is proposed to make of these military companies of the regu lar army is to protect “all citizens, with out distinction of race, color or political opinion, in the exercise of the right to vote, as guaranteed by the fifteenth amendment, and to assist in the enforce ment of certain, oondign and effectual punishment’ upon all persons who shall attempt, by force, fraud, terror, intimi dation or otherwise, to prevent the free exercise of the right of suffrage, as pro vided by the law of the United States.” The preamble and resolution adopted by the House of Representatives on the 10th instant are quoted as a justification of this use of the military, although no body supposes that they contemplated anything of the sort. The only authori ty for the use of troops for such a pur pose as is here designated is contained in the “Enforcement Act,” which the Supreme Court has pronounced null and void, and is there allowed only in cer tain cases where the civil officers are re sisted and cannot execute the law. The resort to military power for the enforce ment of civil laws is an extreme meas ure, only justifiable when other means have failed. There is no constitutional authority for it except in case of domes tic violence, and on application from the proper State authority. A military or der issued in advance of any violation of law, or any show of violence, can have no other purpose than that of a threat, and it is a question whether the effect is not likely to interfere with the free ex ercise of snffrage as much as the possible violations of law which it as sumes are going to occnr. HOMK SIGNS OF TELDFN’S ELECTION. The St. Lonis Republican says : \ week or two ago the Republican called attention to the fact that fate had seem ingly preordained the snccess of the Democratic party in the approaching Presidential election by making the fourth of March, 1877, as the date of a new epoch, when a national house clean ing should be commenced, the corrup tion and tyranny which have ruled in the White House for eight years be swept away, and an area of prosperity and peace begin under the role of President Tilden. That the Presidential term be ginning on March 4, 1877, would inau gurate anew epoch, was shown by the fact that it comes on Sunday, which is the beginning of anew week, and the national honse cleaning will, therefore, commence with Tildkn’s inauguration the following Monday, the very day set apart by immemorial usage for such operations. Lest it should be imagined that Presidential terms have so frequent ly begun on Sunday, that there is no significance in that fact, it was stated that this has happened only twice before in the history of the republic, first, when James Monroe was inaugurated the second time in March, 1821, and next when Zachary Ta ylor was inaugu rated in March, 1849. It might have been added that after March, 1877, it will not occnr again until March, 1917, forty years hence. To those who believe in omens this will be readily taken as a sign of the fu ture, and when it is disci >vered that its indications are confirmed by many other still more favorable auipvries of Til den’s success, the hand of fate is appa rent even to those who are proof against superstition. Let the curious go over the list of Presidents, for instance, and make a note of the numbi ir with names ending in N, as Tilden’s t loes, they will find Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Jaokson, Van Buben, Harrison, Buch anan, Lincoln and Joßnboh, just one half of the whole illustrious line, which seems to show that Nis a very lucky letter for the Presidential -candidate to have at the end of his nam.e. But our Uncle Sammy’s name begins as well as it ends. The first letter of his name is S, which is the nineteenth letter of the al phabet, and in consonance writh the oth er striking coincidences which mark the Democratic candidate as the next occu pant of the White House, there have been just eighteen Presidents, so that Tilden will be just what his initial let ter indicates, the nineteenth President of the United States. But the coincidences do not stop with this, and there is yet a more remarka ble one than any instanced so far. The tickets put in the field by the Demo oratio and Republican parties, which everybody admits will eairry all the States of the Union, are : S. Tilden and T. Hendricks, and R. Hay es and W. Wheeler. Taking the order in which the various letters composing those names stand in the alphabet, just as S was found to be the nineteentti, and adding them together, it will be found that the aggregate is 369, exactly the number of votes in the next Electoral College, of which the names of S. Tilden and T. Hendricks make up 194, a clear majority of the electoral vote. The following tabular exhibit will make the point plain : a. TILDEN. 19— 20-9-12—4—6—14 83 T. HENDRICKS. 20— B—s—l4—4—lß—9—3—ll—l9 11l R. HAYES. 18 8-1—25—6—19 76 W. WHEELER. 23 23—8—5—5—12—5—18 99 _ ’' 175 Total electoral vote 369 It- is quite an easy thing to count 194 votes that Unc e Sammy is sure to get, but as there are several States ordi narily put in the donbtfnl column and several more under the menace of the military, there are so many ways of footing up the required 194 votes, that the Republican leaves that for the curious to do according to their own judgment. So far as signs are con cerned, it has shown enongh of them in Uncle Sammy’s favor to convince any one believing in them that he is the lncky man of this campaign.— St. Louis Republican. SOUTH CAROLINA. After more than a decade of misrnle the Palmetto State seems likely to onoe more assume the proud position sheonoe held among her sister States. People who live at a distance can have no con ception of the wrongs, the indignities to which the good citizens of South Car olina have been subjected. Radical politicians treat the assertion with de rision since they have no better argu ment to meet an unpalatable truth. Is it nothing that the talent and the in tegrity of the State have been kept in the background ? Is it nothing that the people have been plundered by un scrupulous legislators and office holders, nothing that the torch has been applied to barns and dwellings, that the worst characters have been encouraged in law lessness by those who had sworn to sup port the laws ? Such a government as that which has held the reins in South Carolina for the past ten years is a disgrace not only to Amer ica but to civilization itself. Even members of the dominant party have had the candor to admit this. Thanks be to Heaven a ray of light has at last pieroed the cloud. Outraged and indig nant the Democracy of the State, which has so long looked in vain for reform in the ranks of its opponents, has taken a determined stand and placed in the field a ticket composed of true and tried men. Gen. Hampton will not only receive the united vote of the white men of the State but will be supported also by 'thousands of oolored men who have be come weary of the band of plunderers who have been pocketing the public funds. The eye of every well wisher to good government is now turned towards the Democratic movement in South Car olina. The Brooklyn Eagle says: The Democrats of South Carolina have nominated General Wads Hampton for Gov ernor on a platform which recites in clear language the deplorable conditions of civil and domestic distress which misrule has brought on their State. General Hampton has accept ed the nomination, and upon his election may be said to depend every hope which that Com monwealth has to escape from complete ruin and barbarism. Hie demeanor of the Ooo servativas of the State has beeoeae in all re AUGUSTA, GA.. WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 30, 1576. ■pacts most excellent. While any forms of redress they might attempt would be as justi fiable as a man’s defense of his property and life against midnight robbers, they realize that upon their forebearance, patience and judgment rest not only their hopes for effec tive deliverance, but also to a degree the hopes of their countrymen to establish, at Washington, an administration that will work throughout the nation the reforms of which South Carolina and the nation stand in so great need. We predict that the temper of the Sonth and its tact will be snch as not to allow Graxtism to devise even a pretext for armed interference on behalf of Haves. The mind of the North, npon the last project of threatened interference, is unmistakable. Re publicans and Democrats alike oppose it, and Republicans in whom honesty and hamanity are regnant can be relied upon to resent at the ballot box this attempt to prevent the people of this country from deciding fairly and peace fully whether they will have a change of parties or not. MICHAEL C. KERR. Amid the sounds of the coming politi cal battle Michael C. Kerb, of Indians* Speaker of the Honse of Representatives, has passed away. Conscious of a well spent life his end was tranquil. While Mr. Kerb was not one of the intellectual giants of the day, he was a man of strong sense, and what was more in these days of corruption, of sterling honesty. He came forth from a Congressional in vestigation pure and unspotted. Even the most bitter of his political opponents have confessed that his character was unblemished. Mr. Kerb was the first Democratic Speaker of the House since the war, and as snch won the commen dation of both parties. The following extracts show in what esteem he was held by the oountry: Mr. Kerb bore his long and severe affliction with heroic patience, and retained his intel lectual faculties till the last. He dies poor, not the worst of proof that he has been hones in his pnblic life. In him the pariy to whioh he belonged loses one of its brightest leaders and mod prudent counselors.— Chicago Inter- Ocean, Rep. ****** Mr. Kerb’s course as Speaker, in the ordi nary du ies of the office, was in every way honorable to him, and went a good ways in wiping out the impression whioh the extreme and sometimes bitter quality of his early par tisanship had left. His purity of motive and his tineerity will be gladly remembered by both parties.— N. Y. Times, Rep. * * * * * . The late Speaker Kerb leaves behind him the memory of a painstaking and conscientious legislator, who maintained his character un sullied, and kept his sense unblunted at a time when loose notions of official obligation pre vailed about him. It is a good reputation to leave. — New York Sun, Rein. ****** The announcement of the death Ot Speaker Kerb, althongh it has been anticipated for weeks, and even for months, will be read with profound regret by all of his countrymen. In many ways he had endeared himself to the people of the United States. It was known that under a oold exterior he carried a warm heart and an almost impulsive nature. No man was truer in his friendships, none more ardent in any cause which he espoused, and nane more earnest in seeking to know his duty and in doing it. He was not a man to conceal his opinions to gain votes or to fail in his duty lest he should lose friends. Asa Democratic leader he had comparatively little influence upon the fortunes of- his party, but had he en tered upon his Speakership in health and lived to enjoy that good age which his earlier years seemed to promise he might have made an im portant figure in our history. As it is he leaves a bright memory behind him. His public ca reer is without a blemish. His honesty was proverbial, his public acts were pure and straightforward and his ambition was unselfish. Nothing that was mean or truokling or cow ardly was ever .imputed to him, and when the tongue of slander impugned the rectitude of a single act in his public life his vindication was immediate and complete. Disease interposed to snatch from him the enjoyment of his well earned honors, and death came through much suffering. As he lay in agony through all the bright days of Summer he saw the bright world, which he knew had still much in store for him could he have lived, slowly fadiug from his sight, but he awaited the end with a fortitude and resignation which must be re garded as his crowning glory. His example is all the brighter because in its personal and demonstrative aspects his life was noble as his public career was pure and unsullied.— New York Herald, Ind. THE BOOMERANG ORDER. The Washington correspondent of the Boston fost writes: “Secretary Came ron's order to Gen. Sherman is receiv ing universal condemnation here from Democrats and Republicans alike. The Western Republicans are very mneb troubled and vexed abont it. They say the ‘bloody shirt’ business is played out in the West, and this order will lose the Republicans more votes in Indiana and Ohio than it can possibly gain in the Sonth. A prominent Western Republi can Senator declared to-day that the or der would prove a boomerang and react npon their party.” This view is corroborated by the cor respondent of the Springfield Republi can, as follows: “Secretary Cameron’s order to Gen. Sherman is receiving much comment here, mostly adverse. Some prominent Western Republicans have declared, to-day, that it will lose the party more votes at the North than it will gain in the Sonth, and will have a bad influence on the October States.” Gen. Sherman is quoted as saying that no troeps will be transferred to the Sonth until a proper requisition is made by the Executive of a State. Prence Louis Napoleon, the Wool wich cadet, is a pet of Victoria’s. Robert Browning writes, “ Things rarely go on smoothly at rehearsal,” meaning life’s preparation for Heaven. If this were shown to the Mash Tubs it would be a consolation. Immediately after the war closed and the South was subjugated and submis sive, General Grant said, “ Let us have peace.” And now when we have peace he belies the record then made, and de clares for war. And Hayes endorses the Administration. Grant and Hayes proclaim through a military order that the people shall not change their rulers. That sacred right is denied to the freemen of this coun try. Bat it is the proclamation of des pair and guilt and desperation. The people have decided upon a change, and Samuel J. Tilden will be the next Pre sident. While the Servians are steadily get ting the worst of it in their encounters with the Turks, the Montenegrins inva riably come off victorious in their bat tles with the followers of the crescent. According to Montenegrin accounts— which we have before spoken of as gene rally trustworthy in their reports of Tur kish losses, though reticent as to their own—the Turks made a movement against the Kutchi, a tribe allied with the Montenegrins, who live on the east ern side of Montenegro. The Entchi and Montenegrins united, defeated the Turks, and drove them back to Podo gritza, where they were protected by their artillery. The Turkish invad ing force was estimated at 20,000, and according to Montenegrin accounts the Turkish lobs was 8,000. Whilst the Montenegrins were thus successful, the Servians were being outflanked and driven back in the northwestern part of their province. As it now looks, should interposition of the great powers take place the utmost Servia could expect would be the restoration to its position before the war, whilst Montenegro would have an excellent prospect of absorbing Herzegovina, whiah is the real object of its demonstration. WALK ALL A. General Hampton In the Vlll**e—The People Areneed. [Special Correspondence Chronicle and Sentinel .] Walhalla, S. C., August 20. —This nsnahy quiet little town was all life yes terday. General Hampton arrived here from Columbia and was met at the de pot by the brass band and an enthusias tic crowd that escorted him to the hotel. After tea he was serenaded and loudly called on for a speech. He said that ail along the railroad from Colombia the people had cheered him, and his heart was deeply tonohed by the demonstra tion. He had neither sought nor de sired the position; his object bad been to avoid office, but since his fellow countrymen had chosen him to bear the precious standard of his beloved State, he wonld make every saorifioe to lead her to victory, and if his efforts were blessed with snccess no dishonor should stain its folds. Should he live to see the State freed from the miserable horde that had despoiled her, and witness once more her prosperity, the dearest wish of his life wonld be .realized. He said the day of compromise and concession was over, and the time had come when the sons of Carolina most rale the noble old Commonweiihh again at any and at every risk. He assured the colored citi zens that they would be equally pro tected, for he would know no race, but fearlessly and faithfully execute the laws. He begged them to help him to drive from the State those who for po litical capital and personal greed had stirred np bad feling between the races, and who were responsible for the Ham burg massacre. He wonld go himself from the mountains to the seaboard, but every man must do his duty, and victory would surely orow their efforts in No vember. Gen. Hampton concluded amid the cheers of the crowd and the few Geor gians, who stood nsir the speaker joined heartily, while the band played Dixie. It was impossible not to feel a glow of enthusiasm for the cause, and ainoere faith in the invincibility of great princi ples so nobly vindicated. Happy Caro lina to have so brave a son, who is will ing to serve her! Courage, men of a long-suffering and sorely striokeu State, and be sure if yon are true to yourselves a great future awaits yon ! The people seem to be aroused and determined, and ii Oconee county is any reflex of the State, there will be a large Democratic majority. God grant it. Resting under the the cool shadows of the beautiful blue mountains, it is diffi cult to realize that jour Thero’ is high in the nineties. Here we need no ice, for we have delightfnllj oold water in abun dance, always a fresh land breeze and delioious nights, wiih the chirp of the Katy-dids to lull usto sleep instead of mosqnitoes. * This pretty Jittle German town has many attractions—! beer garden with Summer houses and fountains, a magni ficent mountain view, including Ball, Chimney Top, Whitesides, Caesar’s Head, etc. Newberrt College is here, a large female tohool, and four churches. We haw also beantiful Virives and fine horses. The hotel is large, clean and well kept. The fare is excellent and abnndant, the servants at tentive and polite. Far a quiet, cool re sort, not so seclnded but we may oatch the echoes of the busy world, Walhalla takes the palm. The Chronicle and Sentinel is a great favorite here and has many friends; but how could it be otherwise ? Where could there be a braver, truer vindicator of the motto of our grand old State ? Justice, Wisdom and Moderation are your counsellors. Long may yon pros per. Georgia. THE RADICAL POW WOW IN ORANGE BURG. [Special Correspondence Chronicle and Sentinel.] Early on the morning of the 19th inst., the crowd of dusky ratifloaters of Hayes and Wheeler commenced pouring into town, representing every kue known to man, from the deepest black, taking in the pink eyed, grey headed Albino as you go along, to the light ginger bread, dandified, beaver covered mulatto, and every grade of physiogiomy from the Gorrilla and Chimpanzee to the Afrieo- American negro—features any one of which would have gracid well the great American museum of Barnum. A sprink ling of white brethren airived the night before. Chamberlain tame on the 12 o’olock train and was taken in charge by the Websters of .Agricultural College notoriety, and proceeded at once to the stand, whioh was aboat one quarter of a mile from the village proper. He was invited here'by the “Irooly loil," and was the first speaker. Ere he had said many words he was interrupted by a mean., contemptible, self-convicted thief who was joined by t few other jackalls, hyenas and fice dogi of the party, with a sprinkling of paraites, who, fattening upon the corruptim of Moses’ reign, like maggots in a dad horse, are now out of pocket and wating for something to tarn up to their adrantage. They suc ceeded in driving Gbmberlain from the stand with a whole kst of vituperative epithets, which woud have graced well the lowest brothels n the lowest sinks of London. It was a hame and acknowl edge so by the resjeotable portion of the party, among ihom were several darkies, who, apprecating the injustice, said that if they did tot respect the man they should respectehe office whioh he holds. Elliott followed Chamberlain, and would have no doub broke oat in a ti rade of red-hot abue had he not been kept in check by tie well directed in terrogatories of Capain James F. Izlar. He afterwards ackowledged that his speech would have been anything bat conservative had it :ot been for Captain Izlar. Upon the wble, be was well re ceived by all parties Mackey (E. W.M.)ollowednext.buthis reasoning was so shllow that even the most ignorant negnes saw through it, and wanted to kmw “ how about the Freedman’s Savins Bank swindle,” which he did not udertake to elucidate. He paid deserved ompliments to Wade Hampton as he wee along. So also did Elliott. The lesseciights now came in, bat brought out n&hing new. Crimi nation and recrimination now being the order of the day, fed Anderson gained the floor, and, aittongh a row seemed imminent, he male himself master of the situation. The redoubtable Ben Byas tried to be hiard, but Ned held his position and closel or rather broke up the meeting in due Radical form. The blacks seemed to bi very indifferent as to the speaking. Maty of them did not leave the streets, and even at the stand they were talking of omething entirely different. There wa no cheering, and I heard a great manywell to do looking darkeys say that ther had been caught once too often by jus such chaff to al low any one to stick heir fingers in their eyes again. There s not the zeal of other days among then. They are ripe for the Democratic larvest; reapers are what we need, and f the trne men of the State will but pit their shoulders to the wheel the Stke can be carried with an overwhelms; majority for Gen. Wade Hampton this ?all. Lux. LINCOLN IOPNTY. Interesting Aerlenlsral Statistics, We are indebted toMr. J. B. Bentley, Receiver of Tax Bdums for Lincoln oounty, for the followng in reference to agricultural statistics in that county : Crops produced inß7s—Com, 173,238 bushels; wheat, 5,842, oats, 21,427; cow peas, 2,259; fodder, 1,061,400 pounds; cotton, 3,996 bales; ttbacco, 75 pounds; sweet potatoes, 11,52 bushels; Irish potatoes, 115 bushels : dried fruit, 126 bushels; honey, 2337 pounds; cotton cloth, 165 yards; woofen cloth, 167 yards. Crops planted in 1176—Acres in com, 10,648; wheat, 1,839 oats, 5,586; cow peas, 3,521; cotton, 11,682; sugar cane, 2; sorghum, 8; gronne peas, 1; sweet po tatoes, 441; melons, l; orchards, 688; horses and males, 1,2)7; jacks and jen nies, 2; work oxen, 161; milk cows, 1,341; dry cattle, 2,111: whde number of bogs, 4,176; number to be killed next Winter, 2,334, sheep, 2,128; goats, 400; dogs, 1,205; sheep killed by dogs, 72; stands of bees, 682; grown pmltry, 9,536; farm laborers for wages, 109; farm .laborer' on rented land, 559; cropping on shares, 440; white laborers, 115; black laborers, 1,203; 1,652 acres enclosed for pastor age; whole number of acres nnder fence, 69,726. About six hundred Icelanders reached Dnlutb on Wednesday, bound for Lake Winnipeg. An effort was made, says the St. Paul Pioneer-Ere**, to induce them to settle in Minnesota, bat they don’t like tropical countries, and prefer to go on to the far North. The Iceland ers came by steamers through the lakes, and will go by rail to Moonhead, and 1 thence down the Bed river. STATE HORTICULTURISTS. ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT BERCK MANB. Objects *f the Seclety—Fruit*—Production of Healthy Tree*—Selection* of Varieties and Requisites of Good Fruit. At the recent meeting of the State Horticultural Society, at Macon, Presi dent BerckmaDs took the Chair, and ad dressed the Convention npon a topic which he had evidently studied careful ly. The following is Mr. Berckinaas* Address. The necessity for the establishment of an association of fruit growers and other persons enlisted in the pursuit of horti culture and its various branches has be come mere and more apparent amidst the rapid advance of the arts and scienoes of the period. Previous to 1860 Georgia possessed suoh an organization, but pomology be ing then numbered among the almost unknown pursuits throughout the South, the then existing society was composed of but a few members, who assembled onee a year and brought together sam ples of the various fruits then in culti vation, Beyond a social reunion of a few kindred spirits and some informal conversation relating to the fruits ex hibited, no practical results were de rived from this assembling. The last meeting of the organization took place in Athens on July 31st, 1860, when 311 lots of fruits, consisting of 200 distinct varieties, were exhibited. Owing to causes whioh prostrated every agricultu ral and horticultural progress in onr State, the then existing “Pomologioal Society of Georgia” had to discontinue its annual reunion. With the return of more prosperons times an effort was made to reorganize the association, but after one meeting, which promised snccess in the future, no further efforts were made to keep the society alive. Aware of the continually increasing value of the fruit crop of Georgia and the necessity of fostering the important sources of onr husbandry, by combined action of those interested at its pursuit, a few zealous cultivators resolved to make another attempt to arrive at the desired result. How far these persevering efforts have been successful may be seen from the extent of this assembly and the spirit which animates its members. We are assembled for the purpose of advancing one of the important producing inter ests of our State, we feel mutually pledged that in thus coming together we forget all motives benefiting our per sonal interest beyond that share, which the progress of fruitgrowing will eventu ally bring to us in common, with all those who judiciously follow the pur suit. Object* ot the Soaiety. As set forth in the charter, under whorie provisions this Association is now organized, its first object is stated to be, “The promotion and encouragement of the science of horticulture in all is blanches, by the most feasible means.” The most practical method to arrive at this result may be stated in brief as follows : First—To compare the fruits from the various localities and zones of our State, with a view of determining their merits— whether profitable as market fruits or for home consumption. Second To determine the most de sirable methods of cultivation, pruning, and variety of soil best adapted to par ticular varieties. Third—To elicit and diffuse horticul tural information from the members of this association. Fourth—To simplify fruit oulture by publishing or otherwise disseminating the best methods of cultivation of the different classes of fruit, by adopting a catalogue of the best varieties suited to the main geographical and geological di visions of Georgia. Fifth—To adopt a correct nomenolat lire of fruits by dotorminiug tbb uyuo nims by whioh the same fruit is known in different sections of the oountry, and to admit for general culture only such varieties as are known to possess supe rior merits, or come within a standard of classification to be hereafter determin ed and adopted by this society. Sixth—To improve our native varie ties of fruits. Seventh—To give aid to all legitimate and useful inventions or systems calcu lated to advance the progress of horti culture, and denounce all and every method, specific, formula or theory which emenate from ignorant or inter ested persons, whose baneful influences, or barren results, only retard fruit cul ture, and whose object is only to de prive the unsuspecting of some hard earned money. Eighth—To cultivate and maintain a cordial spirit of intercc urae among hor ticulturists. These are mere outlines of what shonld be effected by this organization. As time rolls by, new and nsefnl knowledge will be brought before the world and add to the already vast field in whioh we may benefit onr pursuit. Progress pf Pomology In Georgia. Among the Southern States, Georgia has unquestionably taken the lead in fruit culture of ■ late years. Still the ratio of its progress has not been snch as its great productive resources shonld warrant. The cause lays at the same source whioh has for several generations impeded the progressive culture of many valuable but neglected products. The all cotton producing policy was death to all innovations in agriculture and pom ology, and was naturally not considered then worthy the attention of the pro ducer of the great staple. With a total disruption of our labor system, it was natural that a revolution must take place in our agricnltnral routine, and, farming upon a smaller scale followed as a natural consequence of this change in our labor, So began the necessity of diversifying onr crops. Fruit growing, which to the ootton planter was a secon dary matter, became one of great solici tude to the farmer, and we may say that fruit growing has really begun in earn est in onr State within the past ten years. A quarter of a century ago a few zealous amateur pomologists began to collect the then improved new seedling fruits and to disseminate them among their friends, bat the facilities for pro pagating, then within reach, were limit ed, and numbers of afterwards well known and popular sorts Remained un known, except in a few localities. Then the methods of reprodneing fruits were restricted to growing from seed. Few persons knew the art of budding or grafting, aid this caused an increase in the number of onr native varities of frnits. These native fruits being to the manor born and suited to the climate, yielded, as a rale, large crops of fruit, and the trees then planted, being grown from seed, were vigorous and long lived. With increased facilities of commer cial intercourse, fruit trees were intro duced from the Northern States and from Europe, but as the majority of the varieties were unsuited to our climate, failures began to be more frequent. Un suitable varieties and defective or dis eased trees soon flooded the country, the glowing descriptions of the fruits given by the speculators to the purchas ers turned into deception, Winter ap ples, or varieties that were represented as such, did not perfect their fruit, and dropped from the tree in mid-Summer: the luscious pears which were promised turned ont to be little better than green persimmons, currants, gooseberries, from which the most abundant crops were expected, passed out of existence with the Summer that saw the growth of their first leaves. It was natural that discouragement should ensue, and then fruit culture received a severe check and the country sustained a severe loss in its products. A reaotion has happily taken place of late years, as the oauses of .these failures have become apparent. Still we are only beginning to learn, and much remains to be accomplished. The climate of Georgia is wonderfully di versified; no other State of the South possesses equal advantages in producing the olasses of fruits we have within our selves. In our mountain region we may suc cessfully cultivate many of the Winter apples of the North, as well as several classes of fruit unsuited to the middle region. The coast belt, and the lower sections of the State bordering Florids, give us opportunities to cultivate several sub-tropical varieties of fruits. We can produce mature peaches and pearß in the lower section of the State almost as early as they can be forced to maturi ty under glass in New York; and our upper region can produce apples which will keep sound until <he following year’s crop is ready for nse. With peaches in May and apples all the year round, we have shown our producing ca pacity so far as an uninterrupted supply of fruit. Ten years ago our markets were almost bare of fruit except during the peach season; a few baskets of small strawberries or a few bunches of grapes oonld scarcely find a purchaser. Now, there are hundreds of small farmers in the neighborhood of our small towns who derive a profitable income from the growing of their frnits. Not only has the cultivation of fruits brought an in creased, source of inoome to our farmers, but added greatly to the health of onr people, not mentioning the refining in fluence whioh horticulture brings in its pursuit. As said before, we are only at the beginning of this progressive era ; the path of the beginner shonld be re lieved of obstacles ; the learned in this pursuit should have increased facilities to improve their method of cultivation, and thereby increase their producing capaoity. To the fulfilling of these ob jects we are here assembled. Onr re ward may not, and doubtless will not to most of ns, consist of an increase of dol lars and cents in our yearly incomes, but it will surely be ample in the satis faction of having aided in the develop ment of onr hitherto negleoted branches of husbandry. Improvement of Fruits. In the improvement of onr native fruits lays one of the main elements of success of the future of fruit-growing in Georgia, and onr organization shonld give this matter its greatest solioitnde. We have several types of peaohes and grapes which, from time immemorial, have been recognized as superior in their excellence. These types are susceptible of still farther improvement, as we have the means within our hands. Two dis tinct methods can be resorted to: The first or natural theory is progressive im provement, \ftiioh is attained by sowing the seeds of the most perfect fruits of the most vigorous trees or vines. This theory formed the basis of Van Mon’s wonderful success. We are quite sure that by selecting judioiously the seed of onr best peaohes, apples, pears or grapes, that their offsprings will, in most in stances, improve upon their parents. But to arrive at this result one should study the peouliar habits of the variety experimented upon, and to seleot from the successive sowings only suoh trees as possess the requisite traits whioh we aim to improve or perfect. This method of progressive improvement is connected with natural laws whioh govern the vege table world, the most strking being the law of Reversion, which causes the pro duct of an improved frnit to suddenly vert to the original wild and uneatable type. This law is one of those provisions of Providence from whose wisdom man shonld reap knowledge and retain the lesson it conveys. A fruit is suscepti ble of attaining a certain degree of per fection, when to go further must end in a diseased tree or imperfeot seed, and consequent extinction of the race. When this point of perfection has been reach ed, nature steps in and by its saving in fluence brings the offspring back to vig or and longevity by assimilating its frnit to the original small and scarcely edible fruit from which its parents started their progressive ascent. They may be term ed self-preservation. The second method is the artificial, or that of oross impregnation or hybridiz ing. This latter term, although perhaps not fully appropriate in this instance, is still admitted by oommon consent as de fining the theory. By the method we may expect more certain results and in a given space of time in certain fruits than by the previous method which is slow in giving its results in some fruits, but with early bearing classes as peaoh es, grapes, eto., well worthy the atten tion of our amateurs. When resorting to hybridizing or oross fertilizing, we aim to prodace fruits combining several oeculiarities possessed only by several i ndividuals and which we desire to give to their offspring. For instance, to pro duce a pear having the size of the Duch esse d’Angouleme with the exquisite quality of the Seokle, a grape combining the excellence of Delaware with the size of the Hamburg ana tUe vigorous growth of onr muscadines. While this method is often very successful in a few classes of fruits as in grapes, still there are many hidden causes whioh prevent a snecessful result in the producing at will of certain varieties of pears, apples or peaches. These preventives to a suc cessful result are among the following: Operating at an unfavorable phase of the infloresenee, either before the exaot development of the flower or after the organs have passed the proper stage to receive the pollen; accidental impregna tion produced after or before the artifi cial operation, either by insects or through the air; disproportions of the pollen grannies with the channel of the style. This is often the main oause of failqre ; the granules being too large to pass' through the style end thus reach the ovary. The last may be oalled in compatibility between the varieties. We have stated that among onr peaohes and grapes there exist certain well defin ed types whioh have become very popu lar, and been extensively disseminated. These types have retained peculiar traits which distinguish them from others, and although cultivated promiscuously with other frnits of the same family, re tain and transmit their peculiarities to their offsprings wit 4 bqt alight modifi cations. Among these types we have in peaches the lemon and heatholing, the Indian and the Melacotoon; the three first named, however, are the most tran scendent in their characteristics. In grapes we have the Labrusca, or fox grape, CEstivalis, or Summer grape, Oordifolium or frost grape, Rotqndifo lia, or the muscadine. Eaoh type is es sentially distinct in its growth, foliage, size, shape and taste of fruit, as found in its primitive habit remains unchanged or very slightly modified in its offsprings. As demonstrated by Dr. A. P. Wylie, of Sonth Carolina, who has achieved won derful results in cross-fertilizing grapes, the pollen granules of the Labrusca and GBitivalis are too large to pass through the style of the Rotuncifolia. Hence the difficulty be bad to contend with in producing hybrid varieties of the Sjoup psrnong. Again, we find that the Fiost grape, or Oordifolium, blooms muck aarder than either the Labrusca or (Estivalis, which prevents accidental cross-impreg nations. The pollen of Labrusca seem to be anti-pathetic to the CEstiralis. Hence the rare hybrids whioh have been found or produced among these types of one natural family. Among the types of peaches referred to, a series of observations has shown me that the pollen granules of nearly all our other peaches, especially the white and yellow fleshed freestones, were too large to reseh the ovary of the W ana Heatholing and the Indian varie ties. In this we find the secret of their retaining their family traits, and the regularity with whioh they reproduce identically from seed. The field for experimenting in cress fertilizing is so large, so instructive and valuable in its results, as to leave no ex cuse to the progressive horticulturist to neglect it. As we progress, we become more and more fascinated in watohing the results of well planned experiments. From the judicious cross fertilizing of our good fruits depends the future pro gress of our pomological products and the increased pecuniary results to the fruit grower. The pomologist, whether as a matter of pleasure or a source of profit, when planting a tree, expects to reap from it numerous and annually increasing crops of fruit, His first objeot should, then, be to see that the tree possesses the necessary elements whioh will insure these desired results. These conditions may be summed np thus: Health and freedom from eonstita tional disease. Hardiness, as power to resist the cli matic changes, such as heat, cold, drouth. Fertility, or power of producing frnit. Vigor of growth—which combine, also, good habit of growth and persistency of retaining its foliage. Trees combining these requisites are alone susceptible of bringing successful results. If a tree is defective in its con stitution, whether from deficiency of roots, inherited weakness inherent in some varieties, or from other oanses, it will comparatively sooner be destroyed by a change of locality or soil, or other uncongenial oanses, than a tree which is free from these detects. If a tree is not able to withstand either the extreme heat of Bummer or the cold of our Win ters without showing abnormal phases in its growth, it is not hardy and is nn snited. Many otherwise vigorous trees show a defect in casting their foliage before the frnit is fully perfected. This is always a sign of some constitntional defect, and varieties affecting this habit should be rejected. Defective habit of growth is also to be discarded. Many of onr good fruits, otherwise desirable, cannot be profitably cultivated from some peculiar defect which renders them nnflt for the professional frnit grower. Constitution al defects affecting some varieties are without remedy, bat mnch depends upon the manner in which the tree has $2 A YEAR—POSTAGE PAID. been produced. A tree grown from seed will perhaps have some advantages upon one grown from a cutting, layer or piece of root; the former may not have the precooions bearing of the latter or the exoellenoe of its frnit, but it will surpass it in vigor, fertility and longev ity. Hence, when selecting trees for planting permanent orchards, one must see that the stocks npon whioh his apple and peach trees are grafted were healthy and hardy seedlings and not mutilated roots, suokers or rooted layers. These rules hold good for all standard trees. When planting dwarf trees, especially pears, we must see that the trees evince a vigorous growth, whioh is the best evi dence that the variety has the necessary affinity required with the stock upon which it is grafted, and that the latter has been properly grown. Above all, let trees intended for planting be vonng m years. A serious cause for failure and premature decay is the transplant ing of three or four years old trees, which, having become well established, must necessarily have their roots severe ly mutilated. The oheck which they thus receive often lays the foundation for constitutional disease and conse qnent failure and loss. The most suc cessful frnit growers seldom transplant a tree above one year after being graft ed; its roots may in a manner be taken up without loss, and when thus trans planted, at an early period of growth, its economy is not disturbed and its lon gevity as well as fertility are secured. Selections of Yarietics and Reoyisitee of Good Fruit*. In this one must be guided by the ul timate results expected, having always in view the peculiar conditions of soil, locality and climate. Many fruitful sources of failure arise from iDiudioious selections of varieties, and while the tree may combine many of the requisites named previously, still the fruit may be oome unprofitable or worthless from pe culiarities arising from uncongenial cli mate, soil or locality. Many varieties of frnits, whioh in oertain sections of the continent attain to the highest point of perfection lose those qualities when brought in zones where the climate con ditions are uncongenial to their devel opment. Henoe it is quite easy to grow healthy trees here of manv of tfie popu lar Winter apples of the North, but it is impossible to perfect their fruit. Our trees of the Vicar of Winkfield and Louise Bonne de Jersey pear grow thriftily and are very productive, still the fruit produoed is seldom eatable. Again, a certain variety of pear, apple, peach or grape may possess merits which make it desirable to cultivate for home use, but it may lack one peouliar merit whioh is a requisite to make it a popular and profitable market fruit. This ac counts for the rather restricted number of truly valuable market fruits in the several classes we possess. Among pears, although the list of known sorts surpasses the number of J.OfiO, we have as far tried bflt a dogen kinds which will remunerate the commercial fruitgrower. In strawberries there is nothing that wili surpass the Wilson’s Albany, although we see every year numerous new varie ties announced with sufficient flourish of trumpets to make them at once super sede t very heretofore known sort. In drapes the Oonoord, Delaware and Hart ford, although now ranking as veterans in our nomenclature are still relied upon for good res nits. Iu selecting varieties of fruits, pre ference should always be given to such as have yielded the best results under general cultivation, and they become es pecially valuable when they have alrea dy been tried and found good in|aoils, situation and climate, similar to that in whiofi tfiey are to be planted. Our im proved native Southern fruits are there fore the source from which we must look for the best results, excepting in the case of pears and sbme grapes of whioh this section has, heretofore, not prodnqed varieties equal to imported kinds, whioh have become acclimated by protracted cultivation. Th. suea or a good fruit are quality, size, color, form and durability. The quality must be judged from its flavor, juice, texture and aroma, these points, more or less marked, determine its standard of quality. Size, aolor and form are important to a greater or lesser degree as to the particular fruit and its use. While a bright color, fine size and regular form are absolutely necessary in a popular market fruit, these are not so muoh needed in a fruit intended for home consumption if quality predomi nates. Durability refers to the keeping qualities as well as resistance against distant carriage. Durability is especial ly needed in late Fall and Winter fruits, and apply also to Summer fruit so far as their capacity to remain sound a long time after being gathered. The carry ing capaoity is a main requisite in fruits raised at distant points from market.— If too easily bruised by handling they are worthless for shipping, although of highest merit for home consumption. Snch, for instance, as early Harvest ap ples and Amelia peach, both ranking as first as regards quality, size, color and form, they lacking durability and be come unfit to be grown for market if the latter is af uny distant point. In reviewing the most important ob jects which oqr association has under taken to promote, there are many minor topics which are left unmentioned. And as we progress in our work many other subjects will arise which will require your attention, again others will be sug gested throngh your wisdom, to ulti mately perfect a plan of work whioh will result iu accomplishing the aim of the Georgia Horticultural Society. THE senatorial CONTENTION. Hon. John T. Shewmake, of Richmond, Nominated—Harmonious Action. [Special Telegram to the Chronicle and Sentinel] Bartow, Jefferson County, Ga , Au gust 23.—The Convention met at eleven o’clock, a. m. Hon. M. J. Carswell, of Richmond, wa* elected President. — Fofty-seven hallots were cost. Glascock nominated Mr. Kitchens, Jefferson mak ing no nomination. Richmond nomi uated Hon, Jno, T. Shewmake. Up to the forty-seventh ballot the vote stood : Richmond six for Shewmake, Jefferson ‘?“ r for Kitehens, Glascock two for tap enß ‘ Ou tho forty-seventh ballot oame forward, and through J. H. Follhiu, Esq., one oi tne aeiegauuu, after an*eloqnent speech, cast the vote of Jefferson for Shewmake, thereby nominating him. The utmost harmony prevailed. R. J. Wilson, Chairman Richmond Cos. Delegation. imtKQAD ACCIDENTS. Trains Wrecked in Maryland—A Bridge Give* Way an the New Orleans and Jack son Railroad- Baltimore, August 23.—i freight train from Philadelphia on the Phila delphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, bound sonth, broke an axle □ear fclemmer’s Run, nine miles from Baltimore, at 3 o’clock "this afternoon, eansing a wreck. A coal oil lamp was upset, and the wreck took fire. Several cars were burned, among which were two new passenger cars, built at Wil mington for the Royal Land Company oi Virginia. These were in charge of James A. Shoen, of Wilmington, on their way to Fredericksburg, Va., for delivery to the company. No one was hurt, but Shoen states that he was jammed closely in a oar, and would have been burned but for his rescue by ne groes, who released him. Trains from the North, inelnding the night express passenger from New York, were de tained by the wreck, as ws the 2, a. m., freight train from Baltimore for Phila delphia. While this latter was on the track the 6:55 passenger train from Bal timore for Philadelphia, came on, and in the absence of warning or signal, dashed into the rear of the freight train. It is said no passengers were injured by the collision. Thos. Street, the Adams Express messenger; Willie Abercrombie, the Baltimore News Company’s messen ger, and the fireman were slightly in jured, receiving flesh wounds. Some eight or ten trains were detained. Jackson, Misa, August 23.—An acci dent to the sonth bound passenger train on the New Orleans and Jackson Rail road occurred near Tugaloo, eight miles sonth of here, at 8 o’clock this morning. The bridge gave way, making a complete wreck of the train. Four persons were killed and sixteen wounded, five or six seriously. Very heavy rains yesterday afternoon and last night raised the oreek unusually high and suddenly, and no doubt weakened the foundation of the bridge. Some of the passengers lost their baggage. Tke California Grangers. San Francisco, Augnst 23. The Grangers’ Convention, to devise means to break' up the so-oalled grain ring, last evening passed resolutions to sell no wheat in this market for less than $1 65 per cental, and made arrange ments for shipping grain on their own acoount. I NORTH CAROLINA. I The Crops—Politic*. ! Editors Chronicle and Sentinel : Charlotte, N. C., August 18, 1876. Charlotte is a city of eight thousand inhabitants and does a large wholesale trade. While here your traveling cor respondent visited quite a number of business men. Among these I called on Messrs. Burwell & Springs, grocery and commission merchants. From ail ap pearances they do a large business. They deserve to be liberally patronized. They are making preparations for their hall trade, as are many others. Char lotte has two first olass hotels, whioh would be a credit to any city. The Cen tal Hotel is a fine, large brick house, with large rooms. The proprietor is a gentleman that all visitors will feel muoh at home with. All visitors who may stop with H. O. Ecoles will be much pleased. The Charlotte Hotel is kept by Mr. J. Hollis & Son, M. O. W. Bad ger, olerk. Mr. Hollis is from the old Palmetto State. His house is first class and his oharges reasonable. His house at all times has from twenty to twenty five guests, which speaks well for it. All persons who stop with the jovial pro pnator of the Charlotte will feel that they are in good hands. There are also here four papers, Daily Observer.: Weekly Democrat and Daily Bulletin edited by an old patriot from South Carolina. The Bulletin is ably gotten up. The editor, Mr. E. H. Britton, is too well known among newspaper men for him not to get a fine paper out. rhere is also the Southern Home, editor -D. H. Hill; assistant editor, R. A. Shot well, a young gentle man with rare ability and a fine writer. General D. H. Hill many of our South ern boys will be glad to hear, is looking well and is devoting his time to his paper. General Hill is an able, fearless writer vindicating the truth of Southern his tory. The Southern Home, is a large paper, published weekly, filled with ohoioe reading matter. The Guberna torial race in North Carolina is warming up - Governor Vance, the popular man S ‘? te > > s Stamping the State with Settles, the Radical candidate. Everv one seems sure of the result, for the people a-e working like one man, forming Vanoe Clubs all over the State. At the polls, m November next, it will tell bv a large majority for Vanoe. The news of the nomination of Gen. Hampton, of South Carolina, gives great sat sfaction. the South Carolina people now have it m their power to elect Hampton if they do their duty, and hurl from office the thievts and rasoals that, now hold them rbd people of Charlotte during the Hamburg excitement looked with great eagerness for the Chronicle and Senti nel when it would arrive. Every one wanted to get it first, as ail consider up in this country and along the great Air Line through South Carolina what it contained as the oorrect report of all that happened in that unhappy occur reace. The crops, as far as I can learn in North Carolina, are good. Through North Carolina and South Carolina, along the Air Line, they look well. N,.* Tb© Catholic Church and the Public School 8y stein. [From the Cincinnati Catholic Telegraph ] Declaration to the People of' the United State*. Enemies of the Catholic Churoh as serfc that the bishops and clergy of the Catholic Church are hostile to the pub lie schools of the country, and are leagued together to destroy them. Amenoans I read our declaration and learn our true sentiments: 1. The Catholic bishops and clergy have no intention whatever to interfere with your publio sohool system. Build as many schools as you wish, we wiil never say a word against it, and we will leave to yourselves the oare of your own children. 2. You wish your schools to be free f*om all religious influence; in other words, you wish them not to be section al or sectarian in any case. The Epis copate of the Catholic Church says in this regard : Do with your children as you please. 3. We Oatholios, on the other hand, are under the conviction that children are sent to school, not only to be form ed into oitizens, but also and especially to be educated into good men and good Christians, and our churoh believes, in all earnest, with Guizot, the celebrated Protestant statesman of Franoe, that education can by no means be separat ed from religious influence. Therefore, whilst leaving your schools and their management peacefully in your own hands, we claim the right of having schools of our own, from which religion shall not be exoluded, but be allowed to exeroiso its salutary influeuoe on our youth. 4. We claim the right on the plea that we are a religious body in this free country, whose Constitution most sol emnly guarantees the free exercise of re ligious belief to all its citizens, and the fullest personal freedom in regard to. the dictates of conscience. Now, there is not a more essential or a more preci ous liberty than that of parents to edu cate their children in the manner which they think will make them happy for time and for eternity. Therefore, the Catholic people, with logical sequence, claim the protection of the Government’ so as not to be molested in their schools. 5. We say protection. No doubt justice and equality would entitle the Catholic people of this country to ex emption from taxation for the support of other schools, or to a share of tire publio school fund in proportion to the number of pupils in their schools. But even this claim we are disposed to waive in your favor. 6. You can have no reason to fear the effect of our system on the Common wealth, because experience has proved that the students of onr colleges, acade mies and schools are as good and as useful citizens as those whom come out of yonr institutions. And if m every other branch of human action you ad mit the principle of competition and be lieve in its beneficial influence why should you exclude it from education a "i denriyeyourselves of the benefit which emulation wouia piuo.w , nc 7. We fear that notwithstanding this sincere, precise and solemn declaration, thera mill ypf. Va fimnrl fanoHaol m pn and political speakers who will endeavor to excite their hearers by asserting the imaginary oppos tion of the Catholic Clergy to the publio schools of the country. It is one of the misfortunes of this world that cannot get rid of men who. like Don Quixotte, are perpetually fighting wind-mills, under the plea of imminent dangers to their fellow-men. Such men do not wi-h to know the truth, and though we repeat it a thousand times that we do not oppose their schools any more than we adore images or trust more in the Blessed Virgin than in the merits of Christ, they will a thou sand times renew the charge and swear that we do. We do not expect to silence such men; but we appeal to all fair minded citizens not to be led astray by the bigoted or ignorant ranting of men who would blind them for their own po litical ends. We ask no favor or privilege. All we ask is to be let alone m following the dictates of our own conscience, and you cannot refuse this without undermining the Constitution, and preparing the way for the loss of the same freedom for yourselves. Americans 1 we are willing to rally with you under the flag and Constitu tion, and maintain them with our blood as we have done heretofore. But we oannot help fearing that both are in peril whilst a large number of our fel low-citizens, in and out of office, allow themselves to be influenced by fanatical or self-interested politicians, or by -nfi del and revolutionary foreigners, who come to us with the proud pretension of teaching us what Republican govern ment is, abont whioh they know nothing themselves. All we ask is that you will not go to snob to learn what we aim at, what are our sentiments. Give us a fair hearing, and receive this declaration as the sincere expression f our true prin ciples, whioh we make before God and men, actuated by no other motive than one desire for the welfare and progress and perpetuity of our country, such as the fathers of ’76 made it and intended that it should remain. Yonr sincere friend and lover of the American Republio, tJoHN B. Purcell, r Archbishop of Cincinnati. A queer contest was seen near Amherst station, New Hampshire, a few days ago. In the grass was a large black snake, upon the back of which was a little weasel, who would bite him through, and then as the snake turned to defend himself, would jump into the air and very soon spring upon him and bite him again. This was continued until the snake was bitten from head to tail, his blood extracted, and life extinct. Ik measured four feet and four inches in length.