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OLD SCRIES —VOL. XCI
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Address WALSH A WEIGHT,
CHBomcLX A He.vtikxl. Augusta. Oa.
CtjromfU* ant) Bmfmel.
WEDNESDAY. OCTOBER 25. 1876.
The decisive battle ground, says the
Albany Argus, is New York. And New
York is as sure for Tilden and Robin
son as election day arrives.
A ton of wine of the vintage of 1861
was sold on the 20th September last at
Johannisberg to the ex-Sultan of Tur
key for 50,000 florins, which is the rate
of 80 francs (say 816) a bottle.
The correspondent of the New York
Herald who was with Ggn. Crook’s
command in the Black Hills, says Major
Rkno and other snbaltern officers are in
a great measure responsible for the Cus
teb massacre.
It appears to be Mr. Wheeler’s turn
next. A snit for 800,000 has been
brought against him for an alleged
breach of trust in connection with a
railroad company with which he has
been connected for many years.
A Philadelphia Sunday paper com
plains that some of the Centennial res
taurant keepers charge seventy-five
oents for oyster stews built of water and
three or four sickly bivalves. The Nor
ristown Herald thinks that snch men
would crawl into a cave for safety dur
ing a thunder storm.
The labors of the Board of Health will
soon come to an end. To tke zeal and
intelligence of the gentlemen composing
the Board the people of Angusta owe a
great deal. We hope that it will make
a report to Council, embodying the ex
perience of the past season and making
suggestions for the future.
Thb Chicago Times informs Mr. R.
B. Hayes that though there is no chance
for his being President, he may do
something to save his character. His
swearing about his property is very
damaging, and unless he takes steps to
wash ont the stains, bis good name will
suffer as long as he lives, and after he
is dead and bnried.
Dr. H. V. M. Millbb has written a let
ter favoriDg “independent movements,”
and it is thought he will take the stump
for Dr. Felton, in the Seventh District.
However speciously it may be disguised,
“Independency” is the ally of Radical
ism, and no man who claims to be a
Democrat should give it countenance or
support.
In Franklin county, Ohio, resides a
man 125 years old, born in 1752, in Can
ada. He claims to have seen Montcalm
and Wolfe after the greut battle atQue
beo in colonial times, was a married
man at the time of the revolutionary war
and fought in the war of 1812. He
never voted in his life, and has good
eyea and is able to hobble about his
house. His name is Etienne Gauldi
not.
Governor Chamberlain diligently
grinds the South Carolina outrage mill
and has just reported that three hun
dred “men in buokcam” recently broke
open a bnilding where arms were kept
and carried them away. It was so dark
that nobody saw them, bat the Govern
or is anre they were white men and
rebels. A story of this kind needs con
firmation. The absenoe of any details
is enough to make is suspected.
In Brooklyn a Hayes and Wheeler
flub, numbering 196 members who are
voters, sent word to the Tilden aud
Hendricks club that they had got sick
of it, with Mortonism and Butlerism
and Babcockism at the head of “the
party,” and would like to join the Til
den club. They were received with
cheers, and three other Hayes and
Wheeler clubs there express a disposi
tion to follow the example.
Generals Siegel, Corse, Shields and
Williams were among the “murderers
and thieves” who paid their respect to
revenue collector commanders of Boys
to Blue, at Indianapolis, in the follow
ing vigorous style : “That the assump
tion the Union was saved by a par
ty and not by the whole people, irrespec
tive of party, is false, slanderous and
nnpatriotio; that it discredits the living
and dishonors the dead, and we solemn
ly renounce the assumption.”
The Cincinnati Enquirer says that
oity does not make a living off the State
of Ohio. Her trade aud her interest lie
South of the Ohio river. We do not
ask the business men of Cincinnati,
sx ya the editor, to sell their “great prin
ciples," but we insist that they shall
deal /airly and in an unprejudiced man
ner with the Southern people. They
are misrepresented and lied about for
purely political purposes. Prosperity
in the South means prosperity for all.
The Pall Hall Gazette has it about
right when it says that “the appearance
of Mr. Chandler, the Secretary oi the
Interior, at the head of the Campaign
Committee of the Republican party, is
more eloquent than any Democratic de
nunciation, more oonclnsive than any
Democratic argument against the reality
of the reforming professions of the Cin
cinnati platform, the expectation that
Mi'. Hates will radically efiange the
system of Government which pardoned
the Babcocks and (the B elk naps of the
.past half a dozen years. ”
“The milk of the gods grind slowly,”
bat John D. Lbs, who took snoh a
prominent part in the Mountain Mea
dow massacre in Utah uineteen years
ago, will find they “grind exceedingly
fine.” He has been sentenced to suffer
death for his crime, January 26, 1877,
by shooting, the laws of the Territory
leaving it optional to the prisoner to
choose between hanging, shooting and
beheading. There is little doubt that
Lee’s death is somewhat connived at by
some of the Mormon leaders, in order
to appease popular indignation and
perhaps save themselves from deserved
punishment for their share in aiding
and abetting the attack on the emi
grants. If justice could be vindicated,
Lee’s execution would probably not be
the only one among persons high in the
conooils and favor of the Mormon
Church. Bat Lee’s sentence is so much
more than the public ever expected that
people generally will now feel almost as
well satisfied as if every one of the mnr
. derers had expiated his guilt at the
, .hands of the law.
THE ELECTION IN GEORGIA.
“They make a solitude and call it peace.”—
The Democrats want a solid South, but the re
sult in Georgia shames even them. The ab
sence of opposition, and the increase of Dem
eratic majorities above the total vote as shown
by census and previous elections, compel the
conviction that terrorism is absolute, and that
the ballot box is made the sport of violence.
The Confederates might have carried Georgia
upon a fair election after fair debate. They
have permitted neither, and have exposed the
manner and anbridled license of their despot
ism. Georgia warns the American people of
the methods and meaning of a solid South.—
Utica (X. Y.) Herald.
The Democratic majority in Georgia is in the
neighborhood of 80,000. The New York Tri
bune takes this fact as indicating that not one
Bepnblican in three dared to cast his vote.
There are fifty comities in the State in which
the colored population outnumbers the white,
but they all went Democratic. The same paper
assnmes this to be evidence of intimidation ;
and yet we are assured that the Georgia elec
tion passed off qnietly. We do not regard It
as impossible that the negroes may have
divided of their own free will and many of
them voted for Democratic candidates : but if
they hAve been prevented by fear or force
from voting at all or voting as they wished,
the conntry ought to know it. Ws are not
willing to assnme it without evidence ; bat tbe
United States has granted tbe right of suffrage
to colored citizens, to be freely exercised, and
it should protect them in exercising it freely.
If there has been intimidation in Georgia let
us have the evidence of it .—Boston Globe.
The above are samples of what the
Northern Republican papers say of the
recent election in Georgia. Tbe Utica
Herald is a bitter partisan sheet, and no
attention need be paid to its railings.
Bat the Globe is an influential as well
as a very conservative journal, and we
deeply regret that it pays any attention
to the false and foolish deductions of
the Tribune. We agree with the Globe
that the intimidation of voters is illegal;
bet we utterly deny that any intimida
tion was practised in Georgia by the
Democratic party at the recent election.
This denial is based npon what took
place in this section of the State and on
reports from other sections. We chal
lenge the Republican Central Commit
tee to prove that in a single county of
the State Republicans were forcibly pre
vented from voting the ticket of their
choice. The Democratic majority in
Georgia was not larger than it was ex
pected to be for months before the elec
tion. There was virtually no contest,
and the Democrats had a walk over.
The fact is, and it is a fact which shonld
be kuowu North as well as here, there is
no Republican party in Georgia. It has
neither organization, discipline, leaders
or candidates. In the last campaign a
formidable faction opposed the nomina
tion of any State ticket. The villainies
of Bullock k Cos. drove decent white
men into indifference'or opposition, and
the colored men take little interest in
politics when left to themselves, out
side of the cities. The men who olaim
to be leaders only preserve an ap
pearance of organization in order to
oontrol the distribution of Federal pat
ronage and pass their time fighting each
other for the loaves and fishes. The
fact that there are counties in Georgia
where no Republican vote was polled
simply proves that in those counties the
party had no candidates to vote for.
Are there not counties in Maine and
Vermont where uo Democratic votes
were polled at the last elections in those
States ? We fear no investigation which
any Republican newspaper may make
into the legality and fairness of the
“Georgia election.”
HON. JOSHUA HILL.
We print this morning the full text of
the letter written by Hon. Joshua Hill,
of Madison, declining the nomination
for Congress tendered him by the Re
publican Convention of the Ninth Dis
trict. Tbe publication is made at this
somewhat late day because we did not
see the entire letter until yesterday.
One of its most striking passages has
been going the rounds of the press in a
sadly mutilated shape. It is hardly
necessary to say we do not agree
with Mr. Hill in politics. He
says he is not a Democrat. We
believe the Democratic party offers
the only hope for the salvation of the
country. But it is equally unnecessary
for us to assert that Mr. Hill is an hon
orable and distinguished citizen of
Georgia—one whose commanding tal
ents have enabled him to render valu
able servioes to his native State both
before and since the war. We cannot
forget his career in Congress prior to
to secqpsion. We cannot forget that
after the war, though professing fealty
to the Republican party, he waged re
lentless and successful war against Bul
look and Blodgett and the corrupt ele
ment of that party —that he was elected
to the United States Senate by the votes
of the Democratic members of the
Legislature—that he opposed the sec
ond reconstruction of the State and all
of Bullock’s plundering schemes besides
—that in the Senate he denounced
the damnable heresy of “ Civil Rights”
when it was first broached by the vision
ary and fanatical Sumner— that in the
Louisiana matter he took strong ground
against the recognition of the Kelloos
usurpation, made a minority report on
the condition of affairs in that unhappy
State and introduced a bill for the set
tlement of the qnestion which received
the cordial support of every Democratic
and Liberal Republican Senator. These
things should be remembered of all
men. Mr. Hill allowed his abhorrence
of secession, his passionate attachment
to the leaders and traditions of tbe old
Whig party of the Union, together with
his aversion to the Democracy whom he
had always opposed, to carry him into
the ranks of the Republican party after
the Whig party had ceased to exist,
after the issue of a long and bloody war
had sealed forever the fate of secession
and after new questions had arisen and j
new parties had been formed to battle '
for the possession of the Government, i
This we regret. The Whigs of the j
South went over solidly to the Dem-!
oaratin party when they fonnd that that *
party alone offered any hope for the;
preservation of constitutional liberty.
Men who had been equally as staunch
as Mr. Hill in their loyalty to the old j
Whig party, and equally as enthusiastic
in their devotion to its great leader,
“ Harry of the West,” did not hesi
tate to strike hands with the
followers of Yancey and Calhoun, when
they found the Whig party gone
; and the Democratic party alone battling
* for the perpetuation of Republican prin
ciples. In shaping his oonrse as he did,
we think—hi best friends think—Mr.
Hill made a great mistake. But it was
nothing more than a mistake. It was
an error of judgment, sot an error of
the heart. In the letter whlah we pub
lish this morning Mr. Hill intimates
that he has done with polities and po
litical life, and in a melancholy
strain he reviews his past career
and hints of the futility of his labors.
Let ns hope that his name and his fame
will not be lost to the State which we
know he loves and the people whom we
are sure he fain wonld serve. Let ns in
dulge the hope that dismissing all pride
of opinion and frankly recognizing the
failure of the Republican party to give
pesoe to the South or prosperity to the
nation he will join his brother Whigs
and fight with them as gallantly in the
ranks of Democracy as he did when
leading them beneath the banner of no
ble Hknby Clay.
THE BUSINESS OUTLOOK.
The nsnal quarterly circular on the
above topic, from the Mercantile A gency
of Messrs. R. G. Dun k Cos., is at hand
with the customary promptitude of that
establishment. It says: “It will create
surprise, and some disappointment, to
learn from the figures which it contains,
and which we present below, that the
mercantile failures throughout the Unit
ed States, for the past three months,
2,448 in number, show an increase over
those of the second quarter of the year,
equal to 25 per cent.
In order to show at a glance the rela
tive figures, we compile from the circu
lar the failures of each quarter of the
year since the beginning of 1875, at
which date these quarterly statements
were commenced:
1875. 1876.
< No. Liabilities.' 'No! Li- oilitias.
Ist quarter..l.9B2 $ 3,173,(00 2,806 $64,644,000
2(1 quarter...l.sßl 33,667,000 1,744 13,771,000
3d quarter...l,77l 54,328,000 2,450 47,857,000
4th quarter..2,4os 70,888,W0
It was hoped that the failures in the
third quarter of the presept year, jnst
closed, would show a rednetion corre
sponding with that indicated in the sec
ond quarter, bat this was perhaps too
mnch to expect. The improvement in
business, which has been so generally
apparent recently, did not evince itself
till two-thirds of the quarter had ex
pired, and even then was too- restricted
to influence those in an embarrassed
position.
The amount of liabilities, however,
involved in the failures of the third
quarter of the year, show a considerable
decrease in proportion to the number of
failures reported. The average amount
of liabilities for each failure in tbe last
qnarter is $19,500, against $24,300 in the
preceding quarter, and against $30,000
in corresponding quarter of lant year.
Taking the average of the whole seven
quarters of the two years thus far
elapsed, the indebtedness involved in
each failure of the past three months is
$5,000 less than for the quarter preced
ing. Two inferences are drawn from
this reduction of the proportionate lia
bilities—first, that smaller traders have
been yielding to the pressure of the
times, and that a less number of
concerns have failed ; and, second, that
the lines of credit have been restricted,
and indebtedness reduced. Certainly it
would appear from these figures that
less is lost in bad debts in proportion
to the number who succumb. The com
parison of the past nine months of 1876
with those of 1875 is not at all cheering,
as will be seen by the following:
Failures. Liabilitisa.
First nine months of 1876..7,050 $166,272,000
First nine months of 1875..5,334 131,172,000
Increase 1,716 $25,100,000
Were it not that other circumstances
point to a more cheerful prospect, this
revelation of a portion of our most re
cent commercial history might well be
disheartening. But, notwithstanding
these depressing'figures, which it is the
duty of the Agency to make public, it
does not fail to discriminate in a very
dear and able manner between what is
discouraging in their statistics, and
what are the indications of an improved
condition of trade. The following is an
extract:
Allowing for the exaggeration with which
the first signs of a revival would naturally be
enlarged upon, it is undeniable that in several
of the great staples of business there is in
creased activity, with an improvement in
values, sufficient to encourage the hope of
profit. Consequent upon these indications,
there is everywhere apparent a decided in
crease in confidence, and this moot essential
element toward the return of prosperity is
very perceptibly gaining ground. It remains
to be seen whether the gain in confidence is
justified by the extent of the real and actual
improvement in business, or how muoh of the
improved feeling is to be attributed to ‘the
wish that is father to the thought.’
It is, however, very certain that all the
conditions favor a very considerable move
ment in those branches of trade based upon
the necessities of the people, and especially
in those articles which they eat, drink, and
wear. The stocks ef these articles in the
hands of those nearest the consumer had been
reduced to a minimum, not only because of a
lessened demand and a restricted purchasing
power, but beoause of such a steady decline in
prices, that to hold many goods was the surest
way to lose money. Prioes had reached a point
at which production was profitless, resulting
in lessened quantities produced. But the
reaction has commenced. Thus, demand,
price and supply seemed at the lowest ebb, in
dicating as complete a reversal of the con
dition of things on the Ist of September, 1876,
as compared with those of the same date in
1873, as it was possible to imagine. The oscil
lation of the pendulum had been complete,
from high prices, large stocks, ovor-produo
tion, and forced demand on the one verge—to
reduced values, the smallest stooks, diminished
production, and a consumption limited only by
exact wants, on the other. Now that the
whole history of the past three years is spread
before us, it is difficult to decide whether
Soylla, on the one hand, or Charybdis, on the
other, was the most fatal to the well-being of
the community. To attain the golden mean
between the two extremes seems now not only
possible, but increasingly probable. To render
such an attainment possible, the hard times of
the past three years have been endured ; and
if this point in our commercial history has
been reached without serious disaster, there
is ground for congratulation, aside from the
positive signs of revival which the paßt month
affords.
As to the condition of the commer
cial community, in relation to which
the Agency may be, by its position,
presumed to be well posted, the cir
cular goes on to say :
“ There is not only a good deal to show we
are nearer a prosperous condition but there
are many proofs ihat the lengthened depres
sion has not produced general exhaustion.
The healthy constitution of the commercial
organization remains unimpaired, and it can
well afford to wait for the fulfilment of the
better promise that now dawns. iVe have
suffered, it is true, but not organically ; and
therefore it may be fairly hoped, that when
the better times at last arrive, the trade of
the country will be found in a healthy condi
tion with the additional advantage of many
lessons from the period of adversity through
| which it has passed. The vast majority of
! our merchants and manufacturers, though
; they have suffered heavily, have sustained
| themselves in spite of the altered conditions
of business, and the general stagnation of
j trade. This power of resisting the continued
1 strain has been the hopeful feature of the
; past, as it is now of the future, when there
are indications, bo they ever so slight, of im
provement. Meantime, notwithstanding the
j reverses of those in trade, the great balk of
I producers in agricultural regions have pros
j pored. This vast body, upon whose prosperity
must be based that of all others in this
country, have been exceptionally favored,
j Good crops, bringing good prices, cheap
freights, reduced cost of labor, and lower
prices for all supplies, have largely increased
their purchasing power, and placed" them in a
position comparatively independent of the
adverse circumstances prevailing in other
classes.
Referring to the depression and em
barrassment that prevail in other coun
tries, it is stated as significant that the
gloom which pervades the commercial
horizon of the rest of the world has not
qnly been more disastrous and destruc
tive of confidence abroad in this conntry,
bat that the signs of vitality, and a
return of healthy trade, gee in far more
distant than here. Excepting France
and Belgium, almost in every other com
mercial country the failures have been
qnite as numerous in proportion to tbe
number engaged in business, as in the
United States. Bat in addition to this,
the daily reports indicate an extent of
liabilities far exceeding in magnitude
those in this country. So that, notwith
standing an expansion in permanent
expenditure in this country far exceed
ing the bounds of prudence, an enor
mous debt, the highest known tariff, a
disorganized currency, recklessness in
AUGUSTA, GA„ WEDNESDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 25, 1576.
trade, and extravagance in living—not
withstanding all this, onr commercial
fabric has been able to sustain itself
with far less signs of distress than other
countries free from these hnrtfnl disa
bilities. Under these circumstances, is
it not fair to assume that the vigor and
elasticity exhibited under snch pressure,
in the presence of snch adverse condi
tions, will enable the country to all the
more rapidly achieve a prosperity which
shall be as permanent as all-pervading ?
The circular concludes with a caution
prndent merchants and bankers will not
be slow to appreciate.
The improvement iu business noticeable
within tbe past month may be regarded as the
first feeble intimation of this change. It
would be unsafe to rely, however, too implicit
ly on the expectation that the hard times are
nearly over. The “spurt” in trade, which
some term the activity of September, is not
likely to be followed by a continuous revival
throughout the Autumn and Winter. On the
contrary, there ie hardly a possibility that the
immediate future can be fruitful of much ad
vance. The season of the year, the expendi
ture of the masses traveling to and from the
Ceiitennnial Exposition, the circulation of
money for the movement of the orops, cheap
transportation, and other ciroumstances, have
been favorable to an improved business thus
far in the season, notwithstanding the politi
cal excitement incident to a Presidential year,
These favoring conditions will hardly prevail
to the same extent throughout the current
quarter. It will not do to take the results of
the past thirty days as the harbinger of the
□ext ninety. Still, the conclusion is universal
that the “tide which leads on to fortune” has
turned, and that the future will witness a
steady though gradual improvement in numer
ous business interests hitherto depressed and
profitless.
GRANT'S PROCLAMATION.
Grant’s Sonth Carolina proclamation,
while not altogether unexpected, must
bring bitterness to the heart of every
lover of personal and political liberty.
It is an act worthy of an autocrat; a
proceeding which but few of the crown
ed rulers of Europe wonld have ven
tured upon. It is a matter for profound
reflection that at the very climax of
the Nineteenth Century civilization; in
the glory of the Centennial celebration
of American independence; in a time of
profound peace, the Executive of a great
Republic, which is held up before the
world as a model of liberty, shonld seek
by the exercise of military power to
overawe the people of a sovereign State
and pin it by bayonets to the Republi
can skirts. The. reasons for this stretch
of power are too specious to deceive
any bun those who are anxious to be de
ceived. Side by side with the pro
nunciamento which declares “that in
surrection and domestic violence exist
in several counties in the State of Sonth
Carolina and that certain combinations
of men against law exist in many coun
ties of said State, known as ‘Rifle
Clubs,’ who ride up and down by day
aud night in arms, murdering some
peaceable citizens and intimidating
others,” is the report of the attack on a
bodj' of unarmed and unsuspecting
whites near Charleston, by a band of
negro State militia armed with guns
issued by the Radical government.—
Four defenseless Democrats are killed
and fourteen wounded by the horde of
black fiends, who afterwards, with the
malignity of the savage Sioux, strip their
victims and mutilate their bodies. No
intimidation in this. The presence of
deputy United States Marshals and
Federal troops is not needed here. Only
a score of white Democrats have been
injured. The paternal protection of the
Federal Government is due to the negro
alone. Nor must the white Democrat
dare protect himself if he would save
himself from the grasp of insolent sa
traps. “ O Liberty, what crimes are
committed in thy name !” “Cannot be
controlled by the ordinary course of
justice.” Justice forsooth! Miserable
mockery ! When even handed justice
shall control tbe destinies of this great
nation and the several States which
compose it, Chamberlain and his sup
pliant followers will have passed into
that oblivion which they so richly de
serve, followed by the contempt and in
dignation of an outraged people. Who
can view recent occurrences in Sonth
Carolina with a desire that snoh things
shonld continue ? “ The mills of the
gods grind slowly, but they grind very
fine.” Chamberlain and his crew may
riot in their foul saturnalia now, but the
ides of November will see the State dis
enthralled and regenerated, with the no
ble old hero, Wade Hampton, at the
helm. Bayonets nor proclamations can
affect aught but a sterner resolution
with a people determined to be free.
THE CENTENNIAL.
A Philadelphia journal says that at
the time of closing the gates on the last
Saturday night in September, the num
ber of paying visitors who had attended
the Exhibition was 4,071,313. The Ex
hibition had been opened one hnndred
and fifteen days. The Vienna Exhibi
tion was opened one hnndred and eighty
six days, and the total number of pay
ing visitors there was 3,492,622. Our
Centennial, at the close of its one hnn
dred and fifteenth day, was nearly half
a million ahead in the number of paying
visitors, and nearly a million dollars
ahead in cash receipts from visitors. At
the London Exposition, in 1851, they
had 6,039,195 visitors of all kinds, in
one hnndred and forty-one day, includ
ing those who had paid and exhibitors,
attendants, workmen and nn-paying
visitors. Including them, the Philadel
phia numberss,3ss,22Bin the.time above
mentioned. At London, in 1862, they
had 6,211,103 visitors of all kinds, in
one hnndred and seventy-one days. At
Paris, in 1867, they had 8,805,960 visi
tors of all kinds in two hnndred and
seventeen days. The receipts of the
Paris Exhibition during its whole term
were $2,203,775; the receipts in Phila
delphia in tbe one hnndred and fifteen
days were $1,881,534. It will be seen
therefore that the number in daily at
tendance and the cash receipts are
greater at the American than at tbe
French Exhibion. The term of otir Ex
hibition is limited to one hundred and
fifty-six days, including Sundays, so
that it is possible we may fall short of
the whole number of visitors at the
French Exhibition daring its longer
term of existence. There are several
thousand more non-paving visitors, ex
hibitors, laborers and attendants, who
connt in tbe aggregate as long as the
Exhibition remains open.
The Philadelphia Times , an Inde
pendent paper and very reliable in its
opinions, says that the election of
Hayes has been placed, by the late elec
tions in tbe West, among the most ob
scure improbabilities, and that even
Pennsylvania, heretofore coanted among
the most certain States for the Republi
cans, is now wheeling into line and may
be fairly placed on tbe donbtfnl list.
Thk New Jfork World says tfiat Wed
nesday evening “Gen. Grant visited
the Repnblican headquarters in the
northern part of the Fifth Avenne ho
tel and the Repnblican National Com
mittee rooms in the southern aide of the
hotel. Carl Schurz was at the Nation
al Committee rooms and conversed with
the President on political topics.
The President walked down to the tele
graph office a ntimber of times to obtain
the latest returns from Ohio and In
diftiuu*’
CAROLINA’S CURFEW.
GRANT’S PROCLAMATION.
Rifle Clubs Ordered to Disperse—lnsurrec
tionists Rebuked—Cameron’s Circular—All
Available Troops to Report to Gen. Roger
—The Alarum Seanded.
Cabinet Meeting.
Washington, D. C., October 17.—A
fall Cabinet except Fish. Chandler
leaves to-night for New York. The
President has issued a proclamation,
after a long preliminary referring to tbe
state of affairs in Sonth Carolina. The
proclamation commands all persons en
gaged in said unlawful and insurrec
tionary proceedings to disperse and re
tire peacefully to their respective homes
within three days from this date, and
hereafter abandon said combinations,
and submit themselves to the laws and
constituted authorities of said State.
There is aot the most remote intima
tion, however, of any intention on the
part of the Federal Government to as
sist Gov. Chamberlain in depriving cit
izens of Sonth Carolina of their private
arms.
The Proclamation.
By the President of the United States
of America—A Proclamation :
Whereas, It has been satisfactorily
shown to me that insurrection and do
mestic violence exist in several counties
of the State of South Carolina, and that
certain combinations of men against law
exist in many counties of said State,
known as “Rifle Clnbs,” who ride up
and down by day and night in arms,
murdering some peaceable citizens and
intimidating others, which combina
tions, though forbidden by the laws of
the State, cannot be controlled or sup
pressed by the ordinary course of jus
tice; and whereas, it is provided in the
Constitution of the United States that
the United States shall protect every
State in this Union, on application of
the Legislature, or of the Executive
when the Legislature cannot be con
vened, against domestic violence; and
whereas, by laws in pursuance of
the above it is provided in the
laws of the United States that in all
cases of insurrection or obstruction
to the laws thereof, it shall be lawful for
the President of the United States, on
application of the Legislature of such
State, or of the Executive when the
Legislature of the State cannot be con
vened, to call for the militia of any oth
er State or States, or to employ snoh
part of the land and naval forces as
shall be judged necessary for the pur
pose of suppressing such insurrection
or causing the laws to be duly executed;
and whereas, the Legislature of said
State is not now in session, and cannot
be convened in time to meet the emer
gency, and the Executive of said State,
under section four of article four of the
Constitution of the United States, and
the laws passed in pursuance thereof,
has therefore made due application to mo
in the premises for such part of the mili
tary force of the United States as may be
necessary and adequate to protect said
State and the citizens thereof against
domestic violence, and to enforce the
due execution of the laws; and, whereas,
it is required that whenever it may be
necessary, in the judgment of the Presi
dent, to use the military force for the
purpose aforesaid, he shall forthwith
by proclamation oommand such insur
gents to disperse and retire peaceably to
their respective homes within in a limit
ed time; Now, therefore, I, Ulysses S.
Grant, President of the United States,
do hereby make proclamation and com
mand all persons engaged in said un
lawful and insurrectionary proceedings
to disperse and retire peaceably to their
respective abodes within three days
from this date, and hereafter abandon
said combinations and submit them
selves to the laws and constituted au
thorities of said State. Ido invite the
co-operation of all good citizens there
of to uphold the laws and preserve the
public peace.
In witness hereof I hare hereunto set
my hand and caused the seal of the
United States to be affixed. Done at.
the City of Washington, this seyen
teenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord 1876, and of the indepen
dence of the United States, one hun
dred and one. U. S. Grant.
By the President: John L. Cadwala
deb, Acting Secretary of St#|t.e.
Secretary Cameron’s Circular.
War Department, /
Washington, October 17, 1876. (
General W. T. Sherman, Commanding
United States Army:
Sib-—lu view of the existing condition
of affairs in Sonth Carolina, 'there is a
possibility that the proclamation of the
President of this date may be disregard
ed. To proyide against sncfi a contin
gency you will immediately order a)l the
available force in the military division •
of the Atlantic to report to Gen, Ruger,
commanding at Columbia, S. G., and
instruct that offioer to station troops in
such localities that they may be most
speedily and effectually used in case of
resistance to the authority of the United
States. It is hoped that a collision may
thus be avoided, but yon will instruct
Gen. Ruger to let it be known that it is
the fixed purpose of the Government to
carry ont fully the spirit oi the procla
mation and to sustain it by the military
force of the General Government, sup
plemented if necessary by the militia of
the various States. Very respectfully,
your obedient servant,
G. D. Cameron, Secretary of War.
MORE TROOPB FOB SOUTH CARO
LINA.
Fire Companies of Artillery to tfae From—Nte
Authority to Disband Rifle Clubs—Sherman
Surprised—Feeling at tbe North—Tbe Cain*
hoy Troubles.
Washington, October 18.— An exami
nation of the laws of South Carolina
shows that the Rifle Clubs which Gov.
Chamberlain denounces as illegal and
strictly forbidden by the laws of the
State, are regularly chartered by the
Legislature, under the name of “Rifle
Clubs.” There are a large number of
colored companies chartered in tbe same
way.
Fortress Monroe, October 17.—Gen.
Barry received telegraphic instruction
from Washington this morning to send
four companies of artillery from this
post at once to Columbia, S. C., to re
port to Major-General Ruger, command
ing the Department. Company I, 4th
Artillery, Captain R. Loder; Company
G, Ist Artillery, Captain Samuel S.
Elder; Company A, 3d Artillery, Capt,
L. Lorain, and Company C, sthArtillery,
Captain Wallace F. Randolph, were de
signated to leave for that place to-mor
row morniDg. This leaves only one
company for duty.
Providence, October 18.—Battery B,
First United States Artillery, and ten
men from Battery &, now at Fort
Adams, have received orders to proceed
forthwith to Columbia, S. Oi
Washington, October 18.—Cameron’s
order to Sherman reached him at the
theatre last night. He immediately re
paired to the telegraph office and gave
the necessary orders to General Han
cock, commanding the Department of
the Atlantic. The order was a complete
surprise to every one outside of the War
Office people.
THE AIKEN ERINONERS,
Examination Proceeding—Ciialee Railed—
Others Jailed.
[Special Dispatch to Chronicle and Sentinel.]
Aiken, October 18. — R, A. Chafee
was bailed late this p. m. Two arc in
jail—Turner and Green. Rountree is
sick at a private house, though not seri
ously. Age and exposure to bad weather
are the causes.
—
THE REPUBLICANS ALARMED.
Another Assessment Upon the Overburdened
Government Officials.
Washington, October 15. — The alarm
which the October elections have creat
ed in the Republican party is promptly
Bhown by orders for anew assessment
on the department officials here of 2$
per cent They have already paid 10
per cent., and there is a good deal of
growling among this overburdened class.
The Commissioner of Agriculture has
refused to allow any assessment in his
bnrean. More than one official here has
gone so far as to declare that “it is all
well euoqgh to eiept Governor Tilden on
paper, bat the Republicans wonld carry
tbe election for Hayea if they had to go
down into tbe Treasury vaults to do it.”
The Radicals in York county, says tbe
News and Courier, have adopted anew
mode of calling their meetings. A huge
poster is circulated bearing only tbe
names of the candidates for Presidential
electors and Congressional candidate for
that District. The names of the nomi
nees on the State ticket are ominously
omitted, as they are aahamed to present
them.
THE CRIMEjIT CAINHOY.
SHOCKING DETAILS OP THE BAB-
BaRITY op the negroes.
>
Further Accounts From the Scene of the At
tack—The Killed and the Wounded.
The account of the atrocious attack
upon the white citizens at the Cainhoy
meeting, published in the News and
Courier, of yesterday, so far from being
exaggerated in any respect, failed to give
some of the most horrible facts of the
murderous affair. The steamer Poco
sin, which left the city at 9 o’clock on
Monday night for Cainhoy, carried one
of our most careful nnd trustworthy re
porters, who sends in the following ac
count :
The white Democrats, to the number
of about one hundred and fifty, left the
city at 9 o’clock on Monday morning, on
the steamer Pocosin, for the purpose of
attending the joint discussion which
was advertised to be held at the old
Brick Church, near Cainhoy. They
were generally unarmed, by especial
agreement between the Chairmen of the
Republican and Democratic County
Committees, though some of the men
carried pocket pistols. Bowen, McKin
lay, Cyrus Gaillard and other prominent
speakers, escorted by about one hundred
and fifty negroes, were allowed to go on
the boat which had been chartered by
the Democrats. Arrived at Cainhoy the
party started for the old Brick Church
where the meeting was appointed to be
held. It will be remembered, as was
stated in yesterday’s paper, that it had
been agreed that neither party should
oarry guns or rifles to the place of meet
ing. The whites kept their faith, and
the negroes apparently did likewise, but
only apparently, as the sequel showed.
The Riot Begau
While McKinlay was speaking. The ne
groes had not kept faith with the whites.
They had brought their muskets to the
meeting, and had secreted them in the
swamp and in an old out-house near the
church, leaving a guard over them.
The place of meeting, the old Brick
Church, is about three miles from the
village of Cainhoy. The church is built
upon a hill, near a branch or swamp.
About fifty feet from it is a small brick
building, evidently intended for a vestry
room or Sunday sohool. One hundred
feet to the east of this is an old frame
building, which has probably been ten
antless for ten or twelve years. In this
building the negroes had stacked their
muskets, leaving several men and wo
men to guard them. The rest of their
muskets had been secreted in the
swamp, which was about fifty yards
from the ohurob. Taking all the evi
dence that the reporter was enabled to
gather from those who were present,
it seems that the negroes intended to
create a riot when Col. Delany should
attempt to speak. They probably mis
took McKinlay for Delany, and, as soon
as he started to speak, began to carry
out their programme. A company of
armed blacks immediately marched out
of the swamp with their arms and open
ed fire upon the whites, who were un
armed, and a portion of whom at once
made a rush for the old frame building
in which about forty muskets were
piled. Then tfie rest of the negroes re
treated to the swamp where their guns
were concealed, and seizing them open
ed a brisk and indiscriminate fire upon
the whites. Bowen attempted or affected
to attempt to interfere and preserve the
peace, but was told by his black hench
man, Cyrus Gaillard, to stand out of the
way, that they intended to get the
damned white men now. Both Boweu
and McKinlay disappeared soon after,
Bowen telling the white men that they
would have to look out for themselves
and that bn wgs powerless to preserve
the peace,
A Ff| lUifFdpi’.
In the meantime Colonel Delftpy, Mr.
Wm. E. Simmons and several other aged
white men had taken refuge in the brick
house adjoining the church. Under the
rapid fire poured into them the whites
bftd retreated to the graveyard west of
the cbgrcfy spell of them as had pistols
returning the ftrp. 'fhe negro militia
charged out of the swamp, fnyignnded
the brick house and attempted to batter
down the door. Failing in this they
broke open the windows and pointed
their muskets at the occupants who
ejtarted to retreat. All of them escaped
except Mf- §immons, an old, crippled
and silver-haireij whh‘ e IPW. who, upon
emerging from the dfibr, #as Übppjred
down by the black savages and literally
beaten to death. Not satisfied with
this they fired a load of buckshot into
his prostrate body. When the reporter
arrived upon the soene, the spot where
this poor old gentleman was murdered
could be easily detected. A pool of
blood just outside the building marked
the and a number of buckshot in
the fioo f' sifi that he had been
shot while lying on wpe grpjind.-
After the fight commenced (he whites
retreated towards the village. A stand
was made among the tombstones and
another about half way to the village
among piles of cut wood. When the
party arrived at the village about six
men VYPfe missing. Three of these were
brought fn in fhp evening pight
o’clock by a couple of colored democrats
who visited the scene. The dead body
of Mr. Simmons was horribly mutilated,
It was placed in the residence of Mr.
Lucas and sent to the city on the steam
er Pocosin yesterday morning.
Mr. Wm. Daly, a young white
Charlestonian, was also brought in dead.
He was shot through the neck and fear
fully cut up by a hatchet or axe. He
sept po tfie pjty by the Booo
sin. 1 1
Mr. Thomas Whitaker was brought in
in a dying condition. His right arm was
fearfully shattered by a load of buck
shot, evidently fired at short range. Af
ter he fell he was evidently set upon by
the crowd and beaten over the head and
body with clubs and hatchets. He lived
until 2 o’clock Tuesday afternoon, and
received every attention that could be
bestowed. Before dying he dictated the
following letter to his aged mother, who
lives in this city :
A Voice From tbe Grave.
His words, which were taken down by
the Rev. E. C. Logan, at whose residence
the unfortunate man breathed bis last,
are as follows :
Mr Dear Mother — l am very serious
ly wounded. They took off my shoes
and cursed me for ad and Democrat,
saying that I came here to raise a row.
I told them I did no such thing; that I
only came here to hear the speaking. I
send yon my love. J wish I could come
to sec yon, and J will do so if I pm ever
able. I am trying to put my trust in
the Lord, and I hope to be forgiven my
sins and meet yon in Heaven.
Thomas Whjtakeb.
A Sad Spectacle.
The reporter left the city at 6 o’clock
od Monday night for Cainhoy. There
were about one hundred white citizens
on the boat. A sudden fog caused the
pilot to miss the channel, and the boat
was run aground about two miles from
the village. A small boat was at once
dispatched to the village, and the steam
er remained aground until about 4
o’clock yesterday morning, when she
managed to climb over the bank and
reach the wharf. The forty men who
had been left to protect the women and
children at the village were found en
camped around the residence of the Rev
E. C. Logan, where all the ladies and
children of the village had been collect
ed. The wounded were lying in the
chapel attached to the residence, and
every one of them had not only been
horribly mutilated, bnt they, as well as
the dead, had been robbed of their
clothing. Hats, shoes, stockings, coats
and vests were taken, and every one’s
ockets were rifled. Mr. Simmons’ leg
wst, smashed so that when the men who
car. ed his body to the boat attempted
to lift him, the leg bent over above the
knee. He had no arms with him at the
time of the riot. The ladies in the
house bestowed every attention upon the
wounded, who were laid upon mat
tresses in the chapel, the cushions from
tbe altar being used for the purpase.
Tise mattresses were literally soaked
m blood.
At daylight the dead bodies of Mr.
Simmons and Mr. Wm. Daly were con
tk® stpamer. Mr. Alexander
McNeill and Mr. John King> the f ormer
wounded in the groin, and the latter in
the abdomen, were also carried op board
the boat and brought tq the city. Both
have since died from the effects of their
wounds. Mr. Whitaker was too dan
gerously wounded to permit of his re
moval. About 8 o'clock the steamer
Louisa arrived with Dr. Manning Sim
ons and Dr. Horlbeok, and under their
treatment the nnfortnnate man rallied.
But abont 2 o’clock he breathed his last,
and bis body was sent to the oity.
The Death List
The following is a full list of the white
men killed ; Mr. Wm. E. Simmons, Mr.
Alexander McNeill, Mr. Wm. Daly, Mr.
Thomas Whitaker, Mr. J. King and Mr.
Walter.Graddick. At sunrise the party
from the city fell in and started out for
The Scene of the Fight*
Which is about three miles from the
village. The road, like all the roads in
Charleston county, was not the most
pleasant or comfortable to travel.—
Swamps waist deep and heavy sand con
stituted the main features of the jour
nev. An advance guard was thrown
ont, aud the party proceeded to the
scene of the meeting for the purpose of
finding Mr. David Pregnall, who was
reported missing.
In the swamp about a mile distant from
the church the pickets found a young
man named Walter Graddick, who, like
the rest of the wounded, was fearfully
beaten, and, of course, stripped of his
clothing and robbed of everything he
had on his person. He was insensible,
having lain in the swamp all night. His
right eye was completely gouged out
and he had received several terrible
gashes on his head. It is supposed that
he is mortally wounded. He was sent
back to the village and bronght to the
city on the steamer which left the vil
lage about 5 o’clock, and has sinoe died.
The detail under the oommand of Maj.
Buist reached the Brick Chnreh abont
8 o’clock Tuesday morning. On every
side were to be seen the evidences of the
fight of the day previous. A dozen
wagons and buggies overturned and
smashed up; a dead male, shot through
the breast; ballet-boles in the trees and
buildings, all proved how severe had
been the fire of the black militia.
One Dead Negro
Was seen. He was an old man, appa
rently aged abont seventy years, and was
lying in the road quite dead with a load
of buckshot in his breast. His name is
John Lachicotte. Mr. J. W. Cannon,
who was present at the attack, states
that this was the fellow who shot Mr.
Whitaker, and that he was immediately
shot down, but whether by the whites
or by one of his own color it was impos
sible to tell. A significant fact is that
the negroes had even robbed this old
man. His coat and pants were not
worth taking, but they had carried off
his shoes and hat, and had rifled his
pockets and left his body lying on the
road alongside of the body of a dead
mule.
About 3 o’clock a body of fifteen armed
negroes came up and asked permission
to remove the body and bury it. They
were allowed to do so. These fifteen
negroes were the only ones seen during
the day. The force of white citizens,
after reaching the Beene of the attack,
were divided into squads and scattered
through the parish in searoh of Mr.
Preguall, who was missing. The mis
sion was a fruitless one. They only
learned from Coroner Logan that it had
been reported to him that Mr. Pregnall,
after being bardy wounded, was resoued
from the mob by a colored man and car
ried to the oity in a small boat. It was
subsequently learned that Mr. Pregnall
had reached the city.
The affidavits and statements go very
far towards proving that the attack upon
the whites was deliberately planned.
Mr. James Jeffords, who lives at Cain
hoy, told the reporter that as far back
as ten days ago a negro named George
Brady tqld him that he did not want to
see any of his (Mr. Jefford’s) family
hurt, and that there would be trouble
when this meeting took pluce. Mr. Jef
fords further says that he eatne to the
city upon the receipt of this information
and endeavored to see some of the De
mocratic Executive Committee, hut fail
ed to find them.
Coroner Logan arrived at the village
yesterday afternoon, and at once pro
ceeded to the church for the purpose of
holding an inquest over the body of the
negro, John Lachicotte.
T!|e of Casualties,
A reporter pf the News and Courier
made a special tour of the oity yester
day to look after the wounded and the
bodies of those who had either been
killed or died of their wounds. The
houses in which the dead and wounded
lay presented sad spectacles indeed.
Wives were weeping over husbasds,
mothers oyer sons, and brothers and sis
ters over brothers, \
The body of young Wm. Daly, who
received thirty-three buckshot in the
breast, and was horribly hacked in the
head and beaten until his body was
black and blue, was brought to the city
yesterday and carried to hia father’s res
ides ip Roprj'styepj;. ' Judging from
the appearanpe of his person and fea- ’
tures he must have undergone a great
deal of suffering. After he had been so 1
inhumanly treated he was robbed by 1
the savages at whose hands he met his ;
death. This young man, only eighteen
years old, was very popular with a large 1
circle of friends, and was a hard-work
ing and industrious youth. The grief
of his parents when his remains reached
their home was pverwhejqjitig. ,
The remains oi Mr. ‘Wm. K Simmons, ,
an aged and highly respected citizen, |
lay in the residence of his son-in-law, i
Dr. T. G. Grimke, Cannon street. This :
gentleman had merely availed himself '
of the trip to yigif qq pstatq ftp fftriperly |
owned, anj fo ppp same friends ip the ,
yieimtjr of Cpinhoy. Re was shat IB the i
head and ear, and had bis left leg man- I
fled with an a*e or the butt of a gun.
'he murder of Mr, Simmons was ape- i
culiarly atrooious orime, as he had been
a very kind master in the days of slave
ry. He leaves a wife and three grown
children, two daughters and a son, The
son, Mr. W. E. Jr, is Jiving ,
at the North. m t> rime he was a re- ,
ppr|eip qn thp staff of the News and
Courier- i
Mr. Alexander *fie very ,
worthy shpemakey w£ft hyed in King ■
strpet, and who was shot ip thp groin
and badly beaten, then rahhad of his
shoes, poat and watch, waa seen during
the day by one of our reporters, but was ;
too ill to make a statement. His brief
reoital of his sufferings and the long and
toilsome journey he had to make, after
the blacks had shot and beat him, to
reach a point whence he could get
portation to the city, yyaj hpart- ;
rending. Re jipd list evening, leaving ■
a family very spantly provided for, as he ,
was a poor inan pod dependent qn his
daily earpinga, i
Captain Q. Carroll White, the well
known pilot, was in bed, yesterday, with
a wound in the shoulder, and in so much
pain that he coaid only be relieved with
opiates. The ball coaid not be found
when the wound was probed. The
wound will probably keep the captain in
bed and at home for several weeks,
Mr. Samuel L. Bennett ia suffering
from inflammation of tfie foot. His son,
Angus G. Bennett, is also suffering
muoh from the buckshot wounds ho re
ceived.
Messrs. E. P. Crouqh, Wm, Smith, E.
A. Cobia, Elmore Dukes and j. Larissey
were doing weU, and will soon be all
right.
Mr. L®wis Jones was oonflned to bed,
and hemorrhage was feared during the
day, It did not ocour, however.
Mr. J. King was shot in the stomach,
and brought to the city, lingered until
last night and died. The deceased was
a carpenter by trade, a native of Massa
chusetts, and had ilyed i tlu* oily a
number of years. His fellow-craftsmen
and members of the lodge to whioh he
belonged esteemed him very highly. He
was nearly fifty years of age.
Mr. W. Hampton Smith was suffering
from the p inful wound he got in the
arm. How he escaped death is won
derful, considering the manner in which
his coat was riddled.
Mr. W. St. Jnlien Jervey’a wound
proved slight, and beyond the tempo
rary pain it oaused him will not trouble
him.
Mr. David Pregnall is badly injured,
and will be laid np some time.
Mr. T. S. Whittaker’s remains* were
brought to the city last night. Besides
wounds with buckshot, he was badly
beaten, and must have suffered terribly
before he died.
The remains of Mr. Walter Graddiok
were also brought to the city last night.
He died of wounds and the beat
ing he received.
Tiff- bluest.
Coroner Logan went to Cainhoy jester
day to supposes witnesses for the in
quest which the death* will necessitate'
In this city * deputy coroner impannell
ed juries in two cases, viz: those of
Messrs. Simmons and Daly, and adjourn
ed the inquest over until next Monday,
when a general investigation will be baa.
TSe Calaber Treaties,
Chablbston, October IK —All has
been quiet to-day at Cainhoy. A small
foroe of armed citizens from Charleston
remain in the village, the residents fear
ing that if this guard is withdrawn their
homes will be fired. News was received
to-night that a company of United States
troops are on their way from Colombia to
Cainhoy whicb.oanses great satisfaction.
The President’s proclamation causes no
exoitement and little oomraent bare.
$2 A YEAR—POSTAGE PAID.
GEORGIA CROPS.
Consolidation of the Reports of Crops for the
Month of (September, 1876—Returned to
the State Department of Agriculture, at
Atlanta, Go., October Ist, 1876.
State of Georgia, 1
Department of Agriculture, V
Atlanta, October 13,1876.)
Corn.
The yield of corn in the State is re
ported 120, or 34 per cent, more than
was made last year. This is indeed
gratifying and encouraging, and is made
more so by the fact that the cost of pro
ducing the corn this year has averaged
forty-three cents per bushel, which is
thirteen cents less than was reported
last year as the average cost of produc
tion. With a supply of home made corn
in their cribs, farmers can reduce the
oost of production of every crop cultivat
ed, and at the same time raise more and
better stock, keep their plow animals in
better working condition, and largely
reduce the percentage of deaths. The
time^ formerly spent in hauling corn from
the uepot will now be devoted to produc
tive labor. No more horses and mules
will be lost by eating damaged Western
oorn. No more ruinous inserest bills
on oorn, advanced to make cotton. No
more musty bread from oorn that had
been heated in bulk. More pleasent
than all else, however, is the thought
that the farmer may again feel the eano
bling influence of that independence
which full cribs and smoke houses—the
latter will naturally follow the former—
freedom from debt and anxiety for the
future impart to the tiller of the soil.
It is firmly believed that with this year’s
plentiful harvest of grain, anew era of
progress, prosperity and independence
awaits the farmers of our State.
Colton.
Notwithstanding the severe drouth
which has prevailed all over the State,
excepting a few counties in the North
east, the season was so excaptionably
favorable during July and the first half
of August, that the cotton crop exoeeds
that of last year fifteen and a half per
cent.. beiDg 90 this year oompared with
735, October 15th, last year. Ninety
five per cent, of the reporters say that
cotton picking is as well advanoed as at
this time last year; a large majority of
these report it much more so. Many say
that the crop in their sections will be ail
picked by the first of November. Eighty
two per cent, of the correspondents re
port the cotton saved in goad condition.
With the exception of a few oonnties in
which there have been rain storms, the
season has been very favorable for
gathering all matured orops, bt very
disastrous to those orops, snoh as sugar
cane, sweet potatoes, field peas, and tur
nips, whioU mature late. Besides the
increased yield, the cotton crop this
year will be marketed in far better oon-.
dition than that of last year, and conse
quently command a more uniform prioe.
Sugar oane, though reported at 98—33
above last year—has suffered seriously
from protraoted drouth.
Sorghum has, for the last two years,
received much more attention than for
merly, though not more than its im
portance justifies, Th® yield is report
ed at 14$, jqss one above the report of
last year.
Field peas are reported only forty
eight, in consequence of drouth in Au
gust and September. Some correspond
ents report a good yield of the early va
rieties, The crop of last year, notwith
standing the unfavorable seasons, was
reported at 84.
Ground peas are .reported at 93, and
sweet potatoes 88, both having suffered
severely from the recent drouth. Those
who planted the early varieties of sweet
potatoes, especially the St. Domingo
yam, secured good crops in advance of
drouth. Farmers generally would do
well to plant ftt least part of their crops
of this variety, which is of fair quality
and very prolific.
Chufas are rapidly growing in favor
as a crop for hogs on acoout of the
moderate cost of cultivation, their ex
treme fruitfulness and excellent fatten
ing properties. It deserves the atten
tion of farmers as an economic heg food.
Hogs in Georgia should be reared and
fattened mainly qu mops which they
can gather themselves, thus saving both
the labor of gathering the crop and that
of feeding it to the hogs.
Millet has yielded abundantly this
year; and the German variety especially
is rapidly gaining favor as a forage crop.
The yield is reported at 109.
Turnips—An nn usually large area was
jrepared for turnips this Summer, but
ess than half a crop will be realized, in
consequences of the drouth in August
and September. While the acreage is
reported 115, the stand is only 41, and
the condition 46. Many report the wop
a total failure.
Small GvUtoh
A disposition sow more largely in
when* *Wd oats is generally indicated by
correspondents, but the season has been
so dry that but little has been sown.
Some that was sown early died under
the combined effects of drouth and a
Scorching snn. It was not too late,
however, to seed a full crop in Middle
and L°ver Georgia. The cotton crop is
so far advanced that there will be an
admirable opportunity for seeding small
grain after the crop is gathered. The
arge oat crop produced this year in
Georgia was the financial salvation of
many farmers who hud neither money
nor credit with which to purchase corn.
Farm 6 ** ere again urged to seed down a
broad area in small grain, and espe
cially in oats. If sown in tbe Fall,
either the Winter grazing or red rust
grouf varieties should be sown. None
U|t the rust proof is certain for a crop if
sown in tbe Spring. In consideration of
the general failure of the turnip crop,
more small grain should be sown for
Winter and Spring pasturage. For this
purpose rye is excellent if sown on rich
land. In Middle and Lower Georgia
the small grained early varieties of
wheat should be sown, and, as a general
thing, red wheat will be more certain
than white in warm climates. This fact
is fully recognized by the wheat-growing
regions of the East, Italy, Spain, Por
tugal and Southern Russia plant almost
ezhlnsively red varieties, while Northern
Russia, England, Canada and the North
ern United States plant principally
white varieties.
ftliacellaneoufi.
The Fall has been too dry for a sec
ond crop of Irish potatoes ; ninety-two
per cent, of the correspondents report
ing no stand.
Cotton picking is unusually well ad
vanced on account of the dry season,
and has thus far been saved in fine con
dition, bnt there is some oomplaint of
cotton opening prematurely on aeoount
of drouth.
Hogs have been ususually exempt
from disease thus far. Only six per
cent, are reported lost by cholera.
In accordance with the October report
of laat year, in which 81 per cent, of the
correspondents reported the farmers in
creasing their stock of hogs with a view
to raising more pork, we find, seven per
cent, increase in the number of killing
hogs, which are reported of better avw
age pie than last year. The general re
porta indicate general improvement in
the stock of hogs by cross-breeding with
improved stock- The improvement in
stock of sheep and cattle is reported as
partial in many counties but general in
none, All forage crops have been saved
in unusually fine condition, and gener
ally in abundant supply.
Labor.
As the time for contracting with labor
for the next year is near at hand, it may
not be amiss to discuss briefly the lead
ing principles which should guide farm
ers in contracting with farm labor. This
is the most perplexing question with
which the Georgia farmer has to deal.
The principal difficulty in the way of
reaping a profit from labor is found in
the extreme anxiety of owners to
secure a full supply, which is too often
secured a( the expense of a proper pru
dence and forecast of a reasonable mar
gin for profit. The average wages paid
male farm laborers this year, according
to the April report, is SIOQ and board,
which. with bouse rent, fuel, Ac., will
make the total cost of the man At
the present price of cotton it will take
just four bales to pay for tbe labor of
this hand- How many farms produce
enough per hand to justify this expense ?
Cotton must continue to be the money
crop of much the larger part of Georgia
Its price, then, must regulate tbe price
of every fluctuating faotor which enters
into the cost of its production.
When cotton was worth twenty cents
per pound wages ranged from SIOO
and board to $144 and board. Cotton
now commands just forty-five per oeut.
of that price, while labor commands
eighty-two per cent, of tbe average prioe
of wages ($199) which prevailed when
ootton brought 90 oents.
Corresponding rednotion in wages or
forty-five per cent, of the then prevail
ing prioe would give $64 90 and board
for a man for a year’s labor on the
( farm.
► . ex Pense of living in Georgia is
i but little more than half as much as it
was seven years ago, and yet farmers are
saving but little monev. They are
therefore urged to make close and accu
rate estimates of farm expenses, and ar
range for the year’s work on such a
schedule as will leave them a margin for
a reasonable profit after affording a de
• cent support to their families.
I There has been much recklessness on
l the part of many of onr farmers in lay
> ing their plans for the year’s work. No
• expense should be incurred in the pro
l duction of a crop without a reasonable
i probability of not only a reimbursement
1 of the outlay, but profit on the capital
■ invested. Many farmers, in their anxie
i ty to secure labor on their farms, enter
i into contracts which neither their own
■ judgment nor a sound business policy
l would sanction. It is not only unjust
to himself and family, unjust to the em
ployee and prejudicial to his neighbor,
i but criminal for a man to contract to
. perform that whioh, in all reasonable
probability, he will not be able to exe
cute, and yet farmers often, without
calculating closely the cost, oontract to
pay more for the production of a crop
than it is likely to bring on tbe market
when produoed. Honest and efficient
laborers should be amply compensated
to remove them from want and the ne
cessity of dishonesty, but there should
at the same time be a reasonable profit
to the employer.
The farmers of Georgia are congratu
lated upon their return to a more ration
al system, whioh promises to redeem
them from debt and restore them to
financial independence.
Sugar and Syrup.
• suggested that experiments be
instituted to determine the practical
value of sacoliarometers in making sugar
and syrup. It is well known that most,
if not all, of the syrup made on tho
farm, though of very superior quality
e ? f} ew ’- un d er B°es a change during
the following Spring and Summer, and
is liable to fermentation. It becomes
thinner, of darker color, and less sweet.
The Commissioner will furnish any in
formation that may be desired in regard
to the saocharometer, price, use, &c.,
and expects to secure the special co
operation of several intelligent farmers
to investigate the subject during the
boiling season.
POSTING TIIE BOOKS.
The Brooklyn Eagle, one of the most
aeourate of our exchanges, has posted
the political books to date. Its figures
and statements are worth considering.
It says: The elections which have taken
plaoe this year have been:
Ist Tuesday in March.. New Hampshire.
Ist Monday in April... Connecticut.
Ist Wednesday in April.Rhode Island.
Ist Monday in June.... Oregon.
Ist Monday in August.. Arkansas.
Ist Monday in August. .Kentucky.
Ist Monday in Septe’r. .Alabama.
Ist Tuesday in Septe’r.. Vermont.
2d .Tuesday in Septe’r. .Maine.
Ist Wednesday in Oct. .Georgia.
2d Tuesday in October. Ohio.
2d Tuesday in October. Indiana.
2d Tuesday in October. West Virginia.
All these States likewise voted for the
same offioes whioh have been filled by
the elections this year. Their votes in
elections corresponding to those just
held in the year when a President was
last elected were as follows:
Democratic. Repub. Majority.
New Hampshire - - 3(5,603 38,814 1,019 R.
Connecticut - - - 44,663 46,563 2,001 It.
Rhode Island ... 8,898 9 463 1 065 R
Oregon 8,318 11,82 1 3 502 8.
Arkansas 38,415 41,681 3,266 It.
Kentnoky .... 102,686 89,323 37,124 B
Alabama ----- 81,371 89,869 8,497 R
Vermont - - - - 16,613 41,946 25,33311.
Maine 54,754 71,917 17,213 It
Georgia ... - 104,639 46,475 68,064 IX
Ohio 261,770 265,825 14,055 R.
Indiana - - - - 189,424 188,276 1,148 D.
West Virginia - - - 30,137 32,283 2,143 It.
The returns from the same States this
year in round numbers, in the elections
held for officers corresponding to thoso
chosen in 1872, when a President was
last elected, are as follows :
States. Majorities.
New Hampshire 500 R.
Oonneotiout 6,600 D.
Rhode Island 800 R.
Oregon 3,000 D.
Arkansas 40,000 D.
Kentucky 50,000 D.
Alabama. 42,000 D.
Vermont 23,000 R.
Maine 14,000 R.
Georgia 70,000 D.
Indiana 7,000 D.
Ohio 2,500 R.
West Virginia. 9,000 D.
It will thus be seen that Connecticut,
Oregon, Arkansas, Alabama and West
Virginia, which went Republican in
1872, have gone Democratic in 1876, a
clear Democratic gain of five States. It
will be seen that the Republican majori
ty has been reduced in every State of
the few they retain, and that in addition
to revolutionizing five States and reduc
ing their opponents’ majorities in their
strongholds, the Democrats have pro
digiously increased their majorities in
their own States since 1872. These
statements the following table of changes
in majorities will exhibit at a glance :
States. 1872. 187 C.
New Hampshire..... 1.019 R 500 It
Connecticut. 3,(01 It 0,000 D
Rhode Island 1,065 It 800 it
Oregon 8,602 It 3,000 D
Arkansas 3,20011 40,000 D
Kentucky 37,124 D 55,000 D
Alabama 8,497 R 42,000 D
Vermont 25,333 R 23,000 R
Maine 17,213 R 14,000 It
Georgia 58,004 D 70,000 D
Ohio 14.055 R 2,500 R
Indiana 1,148 D ' 7,000 D
West Virginia 2,143 K 9,000 D
Republican losses in States 5
Republican loss in majorities in States
yet held by them 17,985
Democratic gains in States 5
Democratic gain in majorities 135,392
To translate these results into elec
toral votes will assist to a clear under
standing of the pending Presidential
problem. The electoral votes of the
States which have voted on State candi
dates this year are as follows, and their
decisions in advance this year are as fol
lows:
Electoral
States. votes. 1872. 1876.
New Hampshire. 5 R R
Connecticut ... 6 It D
Rhode Island 4 R R
Oregon 3RD
Arkansas 7 B D
Kentuoky 12 D D
Alabama 8 R D
Vermont 5 R R
Maine 7 R R,
Georgia 11 D o
Indiana 15 B and
Ohio 22 R b
West .Virginia 5 and
Total electoral vote of States v;'nich have
already voted this year jjo
Electoral vote of Republican „ in'them 1872. 87
Electoral vote of Democrs, tß j n them, 1872.. 23
Assured electoral vote 0 f Democrats in
them, 1876 77
Indicated electoral vote of Republicans in
them, 1876 33
Democratic electoral gain injttiem since 1872 64
Republican electoral loss in them since 1872 54
Republican electoral loss and Democratic
gain by States in them since 1872 5
A Miser (Starve* Himself to Death.
[From the Baltimore American, October 13. J
Dr. Thomas J. Manaban died in
Brown’s Hotel, on Wednesday evening,
of general debility, superinduced by
starvation. Abont one year ago Mana
han was admitted to the Church Homo
as a pauper, his clothing being torn and
so filthy that it had to be taken from
him. The dirty clothing was precious
to Manahan. In the - lining of the vest
were packages of money, which were
handed to the supposed pauper, who, in
stead of a grateful acknowledgement,
charged the employee of the institution
who delivered him the money with hav
ing robbed him of a sum which he said
was missing from one of the packages.
Tbe money was found. It was after
ward discovered that Manahan owed
large sums of money to boarding house
keepers, it being his custom to remain
at one a short time and leave without
paying bis bills. Recently Manahan
made Brown’s Hotel, in North High
street, bis home, but had denied him
self nourishment. Dr. Houck, who was
called after the miser had breathed his
last, gave it as his opinion that Manahan
had been suffering from general debili
ty, The sum of $9,600 25 was found
among the miser’s effects.
We are informed, says the Atlanta
Commonwealth, that not a white citizen
attended the polls in Brunswiok. Theelec
tion at that preoinot was held by three
negroes, and the irregularities were so
flagrant and ridiculous that the pre
cinct was thrown out by the consolidat
ing managers.
The Athens Watchman is pleased to
learn that the Georgia Road is now in
better oondition than ever, and it is cer
tainly well managed, by thoroughly com
petent officials—from the courteous,
worthy and very efficient Superintend
ent, Colonel S. K. Johnson, down to the
humblest employee on the road.