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■ 'll i .. - w I I " | —— *• • OLO SERIES—VOL. SCI NEW SERIES—VOL IL TERMS. THE DAILY CHRONICLE A SENTINEL, the oldest newspaper in the Sooth, is published daily, except Monday. Terms: Per year, •10 ; six months, *5 j three months, t) 50. THE WEEKLY cHBQNIOL* A SENTINEL is published every Wednesday. Terms : One year, 92; six months, sl. THE TRI-WEEKLY CHRONICLE A SENTI NEL is published every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. Terms One year, *5; six months, S3 60. SUBSCRIPTIONS in all cases in advance, and no paper oontinusd after the expiration of the time paid for. BATES OF ADVERTISING IN DAILY.—AII transient advertisement# will be charged at the rate of • l per square each insertion for the first week. Advertisements in Tri-Week ly, tl per square; in Weekly, *1 per square. Marriage and Euneral Notices, *1 each. Special Notices. *1 per square. Special rates will be made for advertisements running for one month or longer. ALL COMMUNICATIONS announcing candi dates for office—from County Constable to members of Congress—will be charged at the rate of twenty cents per line. All announce ments must be paid for in advance. Address WALSH A WRIGHT, Ownowtcu A SnrmntL. Angneta, Oa. Chronicle ant) Sentinel. u F.bNESDAY - January 10, iwrr. TO out SUBSCRIBER*. We request our subscribers who owe as to pay their subscriptions. It is im portant to us that every man on our books should psy at once. Let each subscriber bear in mind that while one er two dollars may appear to be a tri fling amount, the aggregate amounts to a large sum. We hope our friends will respond promptly. wtf THE AUGUSTA FACTORY. The Augusta Factory is on institu tion in which the citizens of Augusta have always taken commendable pride and in the proper management and prosperity of whieh they still feel con siderable interest. The semi-annual meeting of the stockholders of the cor poration was held yesterday, and in the local columns of the Chronicle and Sentinel this morning will be fonnd a very full and interesting aooount of the proceedings, whioh we eommend to the attention of our readers. The President's report is short, bnt to the point, and shows that the oom pany has made 813,000 net during the past six months, whioh is a little more than two per cent, upon the capital stock of the company and at the rate of abont fonr and one half per oent. per annum. Mr. Jackson spoke of the hard times whioh manufactories, as well as individuals, have experienced daring the past three years, bat thought, and apparently with reason, that the future looked hopefnl. Mr. T. O. Barrett, one of the Direc tors, followed the President and made a statement in reference to the affairs of the company apparently with the view of inducing the Directory not to declare a dividend. Be stated, in substance, thatj from July, 1873, to July, 1876—a period of three years—the oompany has paid ont in dividends one hundred and three thousand dollars more than it has earned. Mr Barrrtt said that the corporation had made money bat it had paid out a great deal more than it liad earned. Mr. O. H. Phinizy introduced a resolution, based upon this exhibit, rednoiDg the salaries of Presi dent Jackson and Superintendent Gogin to four thousand dollars eaoh per annum and deducting ten per oent. from the salaries of all other employees receiving more than one thousand dol lars per annum. Mr. Phinizy gave as an additional reason that the return to hard pan made the purchasing power of a dollar to-day equal to the purchasing power of two dollars five years ago. Mr. J. B. Gumming opposed the resolution, because the salaries had already been fixed for a year from last June, and oonld not, legally, be reduoed nntil the expiratiou of the twelve months, and because the offioers of the oompany were already considering the propriety of making a voluntary reduction in their compensation. Mr. Phinizy then had the matter referred to the Board of Directors for investigation and action. Mr. Patrick Walsh called attention to the reports that Mr. Francis Gogin, the Superintendent of the Faotory, had been aocused of bulldozing the opera tives and of making them vote in accord ance with his individual inclinations,and offered a resolution forbidding any such conduct in the future. The resolution was seoonded by Mr. W. H. Howard, one of our moat respeoted citizens, and was adopted unanimously, after the preamble bad been stricken ont. It is to be hoped that in the future Mr. Gogin will obey the order of the com pany, and it will be understood that the stockholders, and not Mr. Gooin, i>wa the Augusta Factory. A MARE’S NEST. A correspondent, of the New York Herald has discovered a mare’s nest of formidable dimensions. He writes from Oinoinnati the result of “ a long and “ full conversation with a gentleman “ who has within three or four days left “ Washington, whither he went to take “ part in the movement so much spoken *• of lately to win some Southern men “ over to Governor Hayes,” snd reveals what the gentleman from Washington told him of a plot between Governor Hayes and the Southern Democrats to inaugurate the former as President of the United States. Lika all strokes of genins,the scheme is exceedingly simple and is certain to succeed : It ie planned by the Governor's friends to insist on the Viee-I'reeldent coanting the elec toral vote. It is believed that the delibera tions of the Joint committee can be eo man aged that it shall come to no agreement: bat that it shall make no report until the day set for the coantiog of the vote. It ie then ex pected that the Democrats in the House will either refuse to go to the Senate for a joint meeting or that, having met there, they will resist the offer of the Vioe-President to oount and declare the vote and return to their own chamber. In that ease, either the Republicans will refuse to go with them, or, going, they will move in the House that the Vice-Presi dent shall count and declare the vote. In either case the Southern Hates Democrats are to act and vote with the Republicans, and by doing so give them a majority. The votse of thirty Sonthern Demo crats will be snffioient to give the Re public .ms a majority in the House. The President of the Senate will insist upon the right to oount the vote and declare the result, and he will oonnt the three -votes of Oregon and the four votes of Florida for Hayes, giving him a majority of one in the Electoral College, and pro claim him President of the United States. Both the Senate and the House will sustain this action, and General Grant will see te it that Mr. Hayes is inaugu rated. The-thirty Southern Democrats will be rewarded with a conciliatory policy towards the South—and lucrative Federal offices. Seriously, it is strange that such staff shonld find its way into print Mr. Hates has already denied that he had made, or that he would make, each a bargain, and there is not one Southern Democrat in Congress (mnoh lees thirty) who would sell his manhood, his party and his country for office. The publio will pay little at tention to snch silly reports.— The peo ple know that Mr. Tilden has been elected President of the United States, and* they also know that he will be in augurated on the fifth day of March. DAVID DCDLKY FUOLB. The resignation of Mr. Smith Ely, Jr,, a member of Gongress from New York who was elected Mayor of the city at the November election, has oc casioned a vacancy in the New York Congressional delegation. The New York World editorially recommends that Mr. David Dcdlxt Field, the great lawyer, be ohosen in Mr, Ely's place. Mr. Field is a man of inter national reputation and is one of the great lawyers of the world. In the consideration of the many legal points which will arise in the settlement of the vexed question of the Presidential Men tion, Mr. Field’s assistancejwonld be of great value and his opinion would have much weight with Congress and the country. He bss studied the Constitu tion more closely perhaps than any other lawyer in the United States, and especially the Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments as defining the rights of States. The World says that Mr. Field argued all of the vases carried up to the Supreme Court of the United States for the purpose of testing the constitution ality of the different acta passed in pur suance to theee amendments, and was successful in the four that wore decided. In each case he represented either a sovereign State or a citizen. In two— the Louisiana and Kentucky cases—the Court ‘'swept away the whole wretched “ and unseasoned fabrio of nnconstitn “ tional legislation, the tinkering of “ whioh has wasted so mnoh of the “ time and attention of Gongress daring “the last ten years.” In the case whioh Governor Jenkins made for the State of Georgia Mr. Field represented the State, and in 1872 the first Legislature ohosen by the people since the passage of the Recon struction Acts passed, by a unanimous vote, a resolution reciting that ‘ ‘the aer “vioes [rendered by David Dudley “Field in striving to maintain the “ rights of the State of Georgia before “the Supreme Court of the United “ States are highly appreciated and en “ title him to onr grateful thanks, “ which are hereby tendered.” “THK OCEAN FERRY" IN WINTER. The St. Louis Republican says from past and present indications this Winter promises to be as severe upon the sea as upon the land. “The ocean ferry” dar ing the last month has been anything bat a holiday exenrsion. Every steamer that arrives at New York from Enropean porta has the same atory to tell. Tre mendous westerly and northwesterly galea throughout the entire voyage, ac companied by heavy discharges of elec tricity, and producing snob a commo tion of the waters as none can appre ciate save those who have experienced it. The Gity of Bristol, a stannoh, fall powered vessel of over 3,000 tons, after vainly trying for twelve days to reaoh the Amerioan shore, was finally com pelled to put back for Queenstown with the loea of the second officer, fonr men, bowsprit, foremast and all the rigging attached. The same storm sent the Britannia from New York to Queens town in seven days and thirteen hours— the shortest passage on record. Whioh shows the difference between going with the wind and sea and going against them. The North Atlantio, when fully roused by a succession of Winter gales, is the ugliest piece of water on the globe, and even the boldest sailors have a healthy horror of it. Of oonrse steam ers have many advantages whioh sailing ships do not possess, bnt they require much more careful handling, and their superior speed is not always balanced by superior safety. A break in the ma chinery leaves the steamer praotioally helpless, bnt they are, as a rale, lightly sparred, and when forced to rely upon oanvas alone are always painfully alow, and not nnfrequently dangerous. AN IMPORTANT DECISION. An opinion has just been delivered by Jndge Earle, in the Court of Appeals at Albany, in the oaae of Roerlino et al., vs. Duncan, Sherman & Cos., which will be of no little interest to bankers every where. It appears that the defendants, who had been doing a very extensive banking business for years in New York oity, suddenly failed on the 27th of Jnly, 1875, without any premonition or expectation on the part of the publio. The plaintiffs had done bnsioess with them for several years, and believed them to be perfectly responsible. On the 21st of July, 1875, the plaintiffs pur chased of the defendants in the ordi nary way, at their banking house, a sight draft on the Union Bank, London, whioh was presented for payment early in August, aud payment was refused. The members of the bankrupt banking firm were arrested soon after the failure, at the instance of Mr. Roebling, who believed himself to have been defraud ed. The plaintiffs claim that the defen dants knew of their embarrassed condi tion on the 21st of Joly, and yet kept on their business, “holding ont to their easterners the same delusive appearances of solvenoy, and inviting the same con fidence.” The plaintiffs olaim that in doing this the defendants acted fraudu lently, and that the latter should not have allowed the former to consummate the business transaction of the 21st of Jnly. The Judge's opinion, whioh, as we have said, has jnst been rendered, is in favor of the claimants. Hon. A. H. Stephens thinks that the aotion of the Supreme Court will throw ont the electoral vote of Florida. He oonsttnes the deoision to mean that no legal oollege met in that State on the day appointed by law, and hence no electoral vote was legally cast. He does not think that Congress can now oonnt the vote of either the Tilden or Hayes electors, or order anew election. The Public Record thinks the ab stract of the new Turkish constitution proclaimed in Constantinople on Satnr day indicates that whatever may be the result of the pending controversy with insurrectionary provinces and foreign powers, the present Saltan has a sinoere desire to effect a thorongt reform of do mestic adminis'sration. From a despot ism tempered only by conspiracy and assassination he proposes to elevate his government into a limited monarchy, and to endow the people with all the righta now possessed by the masses of England or France. Mahomedanism is to remain the State religion, bat free dom of worship is aooorded to all sects, and oitizens of all creeds are to be eligi ble to office. In the matter of primary education an advanced position ia taken, as it is made compolflory. Snch a con stitution will not do for Turkey. The Turk of 1876 is as unfit for constitution al government aa the Sonthern slave of 1865 was unfit for the ballot. Last New Year’s Day the newly elect ed Mayor and Council of the city of At lanta wen inaugurated. One of the features of the oocaaion was the reports of the principal committees of the ope rations of the different departments da ring the year. We hope this example will be followed in Augusta. Indeed, we think it wonld be a good idea to have monthly reports from each com mittee. They wonld interest and in struct the citizens who, heretofore, have knows too little of municipal matters. UENERAL COLQUITT. General A. EL Colquitt, the Govern or elect of Georgia, waa in the cityyee terday for the purpose of attending to some private business, snd while here paid the Chronicle and Sentinel a very pleasant visit. The General wean his honor modestly and graoefnlly and the people of the State will be glad to loam that he is devoting much time and labor to the study of taxation—a subject which, like the rod of Aaron, threatens to swallow np all others. He knows how mnoh the people have suffered from “ hard times” and he is anxious that the burden of taxation should be re duced. If this be impossible he wishes the expenses of the government made as light as poesible, EX-440VERN0R H. V. JOHNSON. It seems to be taken for granted, in certain quarters, that Gov. Johnson is a candidate for the United States Sen ate. This impression bss gathered strength from s communication which appeared several days ago in this jour nal, announcing that he would address the Legislature, at the opening of the approaching session, on the political aitnation. Without attempting to speak authoritatively, we venture .the opinion that Gov. Johnson is not a can didate for the Senatorship. Judging from his letter of last Sommer to Gov. Jenkins snd others, touohing the nom ination for Governor, as well as from, onr knowledge of his patriotism, we doubt not that he would accept the of fice, if it should be tendered to him by the General Assembly. But we have no idea that he will enter the arena as a candidate, in antagonism to any of the other aspirants. We shall be pleased for him to be in Atlanta at the opening of the legislative session and pleased, also, if he should deliver an address, as indicated by the writer above referred to. Nor do we donb: that his presence and his voioe in counsel, in the present perilous con dition of onr country, will be hailed with satisfaction by the immense throng who will gather in Atlanta to witness the in auguration of General Colquitt, as Gov ernor of Georgia. But we venture to predict,with the ntmost confidence, that he will not speak at all, if he should be of the opinion that, under existing cir cumstances, it would be injudicious to do so—that he will not speak at alt, if he shonld find that each an aot on his part is to be construed into a candidacy for the United States Senate—that if he should speak it will not be in the spirit of the partisan, bnt in the higher interest of the country. Whilst on the bench, he will never tarnish “ the er mine” by a partisan harrangne, or an appeal for votes to bear him into politi cal office. We have eaid this mnoh, as dednoi ble from his well-known views and uni form conduct. Thus far, we are quite sure, we rightly interpret him. But in conclusion, we may assert that he will never oonsent to enter into a contest for the Senatorship. How highly soever he would appreciate such an honor he will neither say nor do anything to in fluence the free and volantary choice of the Legislature in selecting their repre sentative in the Senate of the United States. CHANGE IN REPUBLICAN OPINION. A Washington special to the New York Herald, says there are constantly increasing evidences that the unfair and intolerant spirit of the extreme partisan Republicans there canses a growing dis content in the party in both houses. Pretty much all the Republican mem bers and Senators went to Washington at the beginning of the session firmly believing that Gov. Hayes was fairly elected, and determined to have him inaugurated. When they, were told that the Democrats v ould resist this, and that, to make lit sure, it was necessary that the Vioe-President shonld oount the vote, they very readily acquiesoed in this also, because they were led to regard that, not as a consti tutional, bat as simply a party question. Gradually, however, many in both houses have been led to entertain donbts whether Gov. Hayes did really carry the three disputed States, and, as they are honest men, this causes them to wait for farther facts. Meantime they have been led to investigate the precedents con cerning the count of the electoral votes, and here again they are staggered by the disoovery that it has been always held, and by the most distinguished men of both honses, from Chief Justice Marshall down to Olay, Seward, Doua lab, and many others, and by the whole Republican party in three electoral oounts, that the honses are)to “examine” the votes, and that, with the exception of less than half a dozen men, no one has ever asserted that the Vice-President had the right to count and determine it. Under these circumstances, a consider able number of Republicans are waiting to see what the Southern committees shall report, and what debate shall show to be the constitutional method of de termining the vote. They would like to see their candidate inaugurated, but they want to be certain that he is elect ed, and friendly conversation with lead ing Democrats has convinced them that these, too, only desire fair play and an honest count, and that there is no each factions spirit as they looked fer when they went to Washington. THE BALANCE of' TRADE IN OUR FAVOR. The Philadelphia Record notes the gratifying fact that a table of the ex ports of thirty-fonr articles sent from the United Kingdom to the United States daring the fonr months ending November 30, 1876, and the correspond ing period of 1875, shows that there has been a diminution this year in the qnan tities of all the commodities designated except six, namely : Alkali, copper un wrought, copper wrought, pig lead, ma chinery, articles of silk sod other ma terials, and wool. The increase in each instance represents only a small quan tity or value, the most important being in the exports of wool, whioh amounted to 512,500 pounds in the fonr months named in 1875, and 2,614,336 pounds in 1876. Some of the diminutions report ed represent large quantities. The ex ports of ootton piece goods feH Horn 76,859,000 yards in 1875 to 52,834,400 yards in 1876; the exports of linen pieoe goods fell from 89,934,700 to 68,- 980,000 yards; the exports of worsted staffs fell from 49,388,300 to 39,635,200 yards, and the exports of carpets from 2,079,800 to 948,600 yards. There is also a considerable falling off in the quantity exported to this oonntry of beer and ale, earthen and ohina ware, haberdashery, hardware and cutlery, iron and paper. Theee changes are probably caused partly by diminished consumption and partly by the rapid progress toward industrial independence in nearly all branches of manofaetares which has reoently been made in this oonntry. The list or quantity of im ports of manufactured articles steadily decree see, while the number and quan tity of thingß exported are both in creased, and such an astonishing change is the character of the foreign trade of the United States has been effected by this doable process that tire value of American exporta now greatly exceeds the value of the imports. AUGUSTA, GA-, WEDNESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 10, 1877. . nr** r-7 ' - TfT DAVID DUDLEY FIELD. wenotjoed'the move ment by seme of the leading Democrats of New York, having for its object the nomination of David Dudley Field for Congress, 13m movement bus been sne oecsful, and Mr. Field will soon have a seat in Congress. Of this nomination the Nashville American well says : ‘.‘lt is ey hard for a party to select j one of the opposite party for any office. It is npt to be expected, and every man must Stand, as a rule, upon the record he makes, and rise or fall with the sne oess or defeat of the principles he has advocated and their adherents. The seketipn of David Dudley Field for Congrpsa to fill the term of Mr. Ely, who became Mayor recently, is a' com pliment to bis ability and worth, and shows* the race discretion and good sense of the Democracy. Mr. Field is a great lawyer. He believes in a fair and hon est count. He has always been a Re publican, and he stands now unpledged, except by a declaration of his views and the knowledge that he will porsne the law and the Constitution. It shows also the reliance the Democrats have on the legality and jnstioe of their opinion, for it is well known that Mr. Field will pursue the law and the Constitution. The district is largely Democratic, and a nomination by that party is equiva lent to an election.” LABOR IN GEORGIA. A meeting of white and colored citi zens from the oonnties of Oglethorpe, Clarke, and Oconee was held on the 9th inst. From the published proceedings of the meeting it appears that the rights of both whites and blacks were duly considered aDd a plan adopted for the purpose of doing equal justice to labor ers and employers. It was resolved that the meeting would do everything in its power to produce and maintain a state of good feeling and of confidence between the two clases. The employers pledged themselves to pay “good, hon est wages for good, honest labor;” to pay laborers at all seasons as large wages as the times will permit; to pay prompt ly when wages become due; and to charge as little as possible for sup plies furnished. Laborers employed by the year for money, wages or part of the crop will be required to do a full year’s work. No improper means will be used to induce laborers to leave one employer for another, nor will any laborer be employed who is in debt for supplies furnished, unless the consent of the creditor be first obtained. No employment will be furnished tramps or idlers who are without a permanent home, and no laborer already under oontraot will be hired for temporary work without the oonsent of his em ployer. Rations will not be furnished any laborer able to work and refusing to do so. The practice of purchasing seed cotton, loose lint cotton and other farm products, not delivered in mer chantable order and at proper times, from laborers, is severely condemned. The cordial co-operation of all good oitizens in oarrying out this line of policy is invited. DEATH OF AN EMINENT GEORGIAN. The Rev. Charles Wallace Howard, formerly of Bartow, died on Christmas morning at his mountain home in Wal ker oonnty, from an attack of cold and fever. He was an ornament to the pul pit until, after a long period of useful ness, he was compelled ,by failing health to abandon thg ministry. Re tiring to a farm in Cherokee Georgia, he devoted his gifted mind and wide social influence to the development of that seotion of the State. Although bitterly opposed to secession, notwith standing his feeble health, he took an active part in the Confederate struggle, and his gallantry in the field was only equalled by the fervor with which he successfully appealed to the public for funds for the Wayside Homes for sol diers. Of an active, enterprising spirit, mnoh of his time since the war was devoted to works of practical utility and in advocating snch modifications of onr agricultural and social systems as are demanded by our new circumstances. While doing this he entertained an abiding confidence that the manhood and honor of the South would be un subdued, nay, wonld be stimulated and strengthened in time by the trying or deal through whioh her people had been fated to pass. He was an advanced thinker, and his ideas, scattered widely through the State, have taken root and are bearing fruit through the minds ef others. Mr. Howard was a chaste and polished speaker—one who would have graced the American Senate in its better days. His patriotism was singularly strong and unselfish,and hiß devotion to his native State never wearied—Savan nah News. Municipal bond*. The municipal bonded debt of the United States is now estimated at more than eight hundred millions of dollars, and is steadily increasing. The validity of some portion of this enormous issue is daily being brought into question. The New York Times presents a careful and trustworthy statement of the impor tant points whioh may be considered as settled, the authority being the Supreme Court of the United States, from which we make extracts, as follows: 1. The Courts, from lowest to high est, agree that municipalities have no implied or incidental power to issue bonds for railroad aid subscriptions, but that snch power must always be ex pressly conferred. But whether, in gen eral, there is an implied or incidental power to issue securities possessing the qualites of commercial paper is not yet settled, although we consider the drift to be in the negative. 2. The bonds mnst be strictly for a public purpose, because they are payable only from taxation, and taxation can be used only for a public purpose. It is nnlawfal to take by taxation the prop erty of one forth* benefit of another; and all private enterprises—snch as hotels, mills, manufactories, and the like are excluded, notwithstanding they may be collaterally a public benefit. Nothing is more definitely settled than that the purpose mnst be clearly and strictly publio, and any bonds falling ontaido of this rule have no legal valne. 3. As the bulk of oertain classes of municipal bonds in several Western State* waa incurred in aid of railroads, it is important to note that, whether wisely or not &s judged by results, the jurisprudence of the oonntry, althongh Kent denominated railroads “private corporations, ” has finally agreed to con sider them a public purpose, on the ground that although they are private in ownership, they are pnblio in use and benefit. Legislation in their favor has been sustained in at least twenty States, as well as in the Supreme Court, and. the oonoluaion is past reversing. Bonds in loan, in subscription to stock, or in donation, are, per se, valid; but they most be issued by express—bnt not ne cessarily special—authority from the Legislature. 4. Want of power, or, in other words, the plea that the issue was an act be yond power conferred (ultra vires) is al ways a good defense against bonds. The Supreme Court, by Judge Clifford, in St. Joseph Township vs. Rogers, (16 Wallace* 644, 669,1872), said : “Bonds payable to bearer, * ** * if issued by a corporation whieh possessed no power .from the Legislature, are invalid, even in the hands of innocent holders.” As will be Reen further ou, the corpora tion may; be estopped front pleading ir regularities in the exenijse of the power conferred, against innocent holders, without notice of sucta irregularities; but thjß plea of want oMpbwer may al ways He made, aDd, if established, is always a complete defence. 5. Bonds issued in .negotiable form, under, proper authority, and intended for sale in market, have the attributes of commercial paper, notwithstanding they are under seal; and in the hands of indooent holders fbk Value, without notice; are not snbject to equities before due ; they pass, also, either by endorse ment pr by simple delivery. No point has been more completely established than this has been by ‘ the many cases arising out of the loss or theft of United State* coupon bonds, and municipal bonds are upon the same footing in this respect. ■ Ti IB WAR SPIRIT IN RUSSIA. A, fit. Petersburg journal speaks in a somewhat glowing way of the desire for war, now prevalent among young Rus sian officers, as natural, in view of the decisive defeat of Russian arms in the Crimean struggle. Since that time, says the journal, Russia has rather been spurred to reach higher phases of civili zation than depressed by military dis aster. Russians of all the higher grades of society, and possessing the means to travel, have conspicuously mingled in the prominent social circles of Paris, Vienna, Ro te, Florence and Berlin, al ways igaining ground in popularity, re finement, and the facility of adapting themselves to every shade of superior social usage aud all national peculiari ties. In view of such assertions, whieh suggest editorial enthusiasm in extoll ing the warlike ambition of the Rnssian soldier, one of the influences to be exer cised in favor of war is apparent. Under all the circumstances, it is not to be wondered at that Russia of to-day, with her vast population, military spirit, re ligious devotioD, and ambitious states men, should appear ready to enter the field under slight provocation. A WATER FAMINE IN MASSACHUSETTS. The Troy Times says the water famine is felt this Winter over a larger extent of country than daring any previous year for a long period. From almost every section the cry is for rain. In Central and Western Massaohustts the drouth is very severe. The entire Sum mer and Fall little rain fell, and now with about three feet of snow on the ground the streams and wells there are either very low or completely dry. Farmers in many places are obliged to melt snow for their cattle to drink. The country grist mills, upon which farmers so largely depend, are wholly crippled for lack of driving pow er. The manufreturing interests are eopecially suffering from the famine, The Ghiekopee manufacturing company has’been obliged to step running, and over 300 operatives are without work. The suffering among them is very great, to relieve which a town meeting has been held and 810,000 appropriated. This is only one instance of suspension, several of which are reported,and the des titution among the poor dependent upon these mills is attracting wide attention. Pittsfield is almost without aDy water supply, and the gravest apprehensions are felt in view of its helplessness in the event of a fire. Added to these troubles and anxieties is that of probable floods when the large body of show shall pass off. The Mill river disaster, as such ca lamities are wont,evoked much discussion and many promises that reservoirs and dams in that section should be strength ened aud rendered safe. But suoh need ed work has not been done, and the possibility of a large loss of property and perhaps of life, throngh this neg lect, is not an agreeable subject for con templation. geographical distribution of na tional BANK STOCK. The report of the Comptroller of the Currency recently issued gives some carious figures exhibiting the geopraph ioal distribution of National Bank stock. From these it appears that the total number of shares is 6,505,930, and of shareholders, 208,486. Of these 29,661 are held abroad, distributed in 25 differ ent countries, of which England holds the most, 4,650; Germany next, 4,172; France, 3,764; New Brunswick, 3,656; Spain, 2,242; Turkey has 68; Syria, 18; Russia, 136; Japan, 10; Egypt, 40, and even Persia, 3. Die Eastern States hold 1,858,398 shares, the Middle States, 2,702,260; the Southern and Southwest ern, 358,335; the Western, 839,391, and the Pacific States and Territories, 62,- 62,515. Every State and Territory ex oept Washington aid Alaska has shares. The number of shareholders living in the Eastern States is 86,975, of whom 46,564 are in Massachusetts; in the Mid dle, 68,126, of whom 26,339 are in New York and 28,612 in Pennsylvania; in Sonthern and Sontawestern, 11,004; in Western, 17,170, in Pacific States and Territories, 721. There are 104,976 hold ing ten shares or less; there are 767 who hold over 500 shares, of which 205 are in New York, 104 in Maryland, 83 in Pennsylvania and 53 in Massachusetts. The average amount of s|ock held by each shareholder is $3,100; in the East ern States about $2,100, Middle $3,100, Sonthern $3,400, Western $4,800, Pa cific States and Territories $8,300. The capital stock of the' National Banks in operation July Ist, 1876, was $505,482,- 868, which would be represented by 5,054,828 shares of one hundred dol lars each. Some of the banks divide their capital into shares of less than one hundred dollors, a few as low as $lO, Thus there are six mil ions and a half of shares distribnted among 208,486 shareholders; these are issned by banks goograpically distributed as follows: In the Eastern States 2,018,826, of which Massachusetts issues 988,700; Middle 3,051,378, of which New York issues 1,482,746; Sonthern, 429,393; Western, 987,333; Pacific, 69,000. Hon. E. O. Standard, formerly a Re publican member of Congress from Mis souri, and still a Republican, said to a reporter the other day: “I think Tu rns and Hendricks were elected, and that they ought to be inaugurated on the sth of March, and it appears to me that all fair-minded men must come to this conclusion.” To this it must come at last. All fair-minded men mnst give it np. Among the thou sands who qnote the expression, “ Cleanliness is next to god liness,” it is very safe to say that not one ont of millions know its authorship. The recent speech of Mr. Musdelt.a, an English M. P., who attributed it to one of the apostles, has indnoed Mr. Mon cube Conway to give ns its origin as Hebrew. It first appeared in Beraitha as the last Mishua of Sola, chapter IX, and is often repeated in Rabbinical works. “ The doctrines of religion are resolved into carefulness, carefulness into rtgoronsness, vigorousness into guiltlessness, guiltlessness into abstem iousness, abstemiousness into cleanli ness ; nloanlinmn is next to godliness.” THE OLD NORTH STATE. INAUGURATION OF GOVERNOR VANCB. Severe Weather Hew Te C'eue It Over Tar Heels—Patriotic Women, Etc., Etc. [Special Correspondence Ghronicleand Sentinel. ] Raleigh, N. C., January I.—The old est inhabitants agree that the present is by long odds the severest spell of cold weather since that of ’56. The snpw storms of that date were of unnsnal se verity, hundreds of cattle perished, and no little suffering was experienced by that very large class, the members of which are always with us, A trip throngh different sections of this State, upwards of seven hundred miles, has just been made by your correspondent. On all sides, as far as his eyes could reach, be found the earth—plain, valley, hillside and hill top—wrapped in a man tle of white. Whilst the song of “ The Beantifnl-Snow ” is npon the lips of old and youug, there are grave apprehen sions that a great deal of suffering to man and beast will result. The old adage about the wind and the weather has just found clever illustration in this State ; for Raleigh is crowded almost to repletion with “fair women and brave men,” who have come hither to do honor to one of the State’s most beloved and illnstrions sons. Hotels and board ing honses are literally ppoked, and good feeling rales the hour. When you meet a North Carolinian and desire to put yourself en rapport with him, tell him a joke. Coupled with his other wonderful powers, that is oue of the true secrets of the popularity which Governor Vance has with the people. In that remarkable joint dis cussion campaign (some of the fruits of which we witnessed to-day) between Governor Vanoe and Judge Settle, the former often need an anecdote so clever ly that his opponent was completely ob scured, ana the people saw and recog nized no one else save Yance. I was here when Governor Y. started out on the campaign, and recall now the hap py manner in which he interpreted that portion of Governor Hayes’ letter of ac ceptance relative to the South, and the course he would probably pursue if elected President. Governor Vanoe said thq declaration reminded him of the proposition John made to Bill, who held in his hand a beautiful red apple. Quoth John; “Rill, give me a bite of your red apple, and darned if I don’t show you my sore toe,” Bnt Governor Vanoe is not only apt at joking. He is $ states man in the highest acceptation of that term, and no one can excel him in flights of eloquence or power of argu ment. He is a perfect magnet. This has been a proud day for Yanoe and local self-government. Its events mark an epoch in the history of the “Old North State.” For eight long years the people have prayerfully wait ed for its dawning, and to-day daugh ters and sons have faced the blinding snow and trod the ice-bound streets, to witness in the inauguration of Zebnlon B. Yance as Governor for a term of fonr years—their complete disinthrall ment, Honor to the men for this aot of devotion and interest, bat higher honor to North Carolina’s fair daughters, whose faith never wavered and whose energy never abated whilst helping to work ont the grand results cf the recent cam paign. Despite the weather, almost too inclement for men in their great coats and over-shoes, Tucker Hall, where the inaugural exercises took place, was crowded with ladies an hour before the appointed tipie. At this some were as tonished, bnt yonr correspondent said to himself, “What wonder ? Had not these illnstrions examples to follow ? What women excelled the women of North Carolina in patriotism in the dark days of the Revolution.” Properly translated, to-day’s demonstration sig nifies that the people appreciate the im portance of the change wrought, and all, white aDd colored—always barring po litical tricksters and stirrers-up of strife —are satisfied that anew era has dawn ed upon the State—an era of restored good feeling and confidence, and anew and greater prosperity. The Governor’s inaugural proved to be all that was expected at his hands— able, appropriate and comprehensive, The results of Governor Vance’s elec tion have already begun to manifest themselves in various portions of the State. The colored people are making contracts earlier and more readily than usual, and the prospect is that the troubles which have environed the labor system of the State will soon have been entirely removed. Governor Vanoe is Governor of North Carolina, and will hold the scales of justice even. Of this truth, none are more firmly persuaded than the large mass of colored voters who rallied to Vance’s banner, as did their fellow-countrymen in South Caro lina to that of Hampton. North Carolinians are fond of ventilat ing the nigh admiration in whioh Geor gians are held by them. This morning I had the pleasure of being presented to Gol. Polk, of Polkton. As soon as he learned the State from which yonr cor respondent hailed, he exolaimed: “Ah ! we think a vast deal of Georgians. The Tar-heels and Georgians were greatly attached to each other in the army, that is they seemed to repose perfect con fidence in each other. I remember that on the 21st of September, 1864, as onr Division (Rhodes’) was abont to move into action at Winchester, Longstreet’s Corps took position on onr right— Georgians being on the extreme left of the same. The latter asked, ‘Who sup port onr left ?’ the answer was, ‘Tar heels.’ Instantly the suggestion waa made, ‘Pass it along the line; the Tar heels support our left,’ and,” said the Colonel, his eyes flashing and his face brightening, “inspired by this evidence of confidence, we did support their left, and, in doing so, left eleven hundred of onr division stark in the arms of death On that bloody field. Yes, North Caro linians are very fond of Georgians.” Happy New Year to all I Martin V. Galvin. Vance’s Inauguration fn Raleigh—The True Ring in His Address. Raleigh, N. C., January I. — The in auguration of Governor Yance to-day passed off quietly, a large crowd being in attendance. His address was ap plauded to the echo. Alluding to na tional affairs, he said: ‘‘l conceive our situation to be criti cal in the extreme. Our only reliance now is.upon the moderation and patriot ism of Gongress. If the representatives of the people and of the States shall not be able to make a peaceable and consti tutional solution of the difficulty in which the country now finds itself, and there shonld be an attempt, as is threat ened, to inaugurate the candidates not fairly elected, one of the two things will happen, either the majority of the Amer ican people'will quietly submit to a gross wrong, involving tbe destruction of the Constitution, or there will be a resort to violence. “Let ns look things in the face. The circumstances of North Carolina, as well as of the Southern States generally, im peratively demand that we should not be forward in this matter. More than all things else, except good government, we need peace. In common with the constitutional party in the North, we think we have fairly elected onr candi date for President. Upon that party, and not upon ourselves, devolves the propriety and the duty of taking the needed steps toward securing the rights of the majority. Bnt let it not be sup posed that we are indifferent to their ao tion, or decline to come to thqfront, be canse less entitled, to do so than others. “Blasted as we have been by the deso lation of war, purged of rashness by the fires of revolution, and sobered both by public calamity and private sorrow as we have been, we yet cherish the love of liberty in onr hearts. As the month piece of more than a million people, I believe 1 can with propriety say, for them, that North Carolina may confi dently be relied npon to sustain that portion of the people of the United States which shall convince na that it is straggling for the Constitution, the laws and public justice, whieh are the life and the soni of the American Union. On the one hand, we do not wish it to be understood that we are ready or will ing to embark in revolution; or, on the hand, that we are willing to quietly sub mit to any outrage that physical force, directed bv party zeal, may see fit to impose. The one course tends to pro voke violence and tbe other to invite oppression. We do wish it under stood that we will .follow the lead of the constitutional men of the North. S&ow ns the law and it snfficeth ns.” The Governor reserves an expression of his views on State policy for his mes sage to the General Assembly. It is said that the feeling between la borer and employer in Abbeville county ia good, and it is supposed the year will begin prosperously. THE WRECKED CIRCASSIAN'. A HORROR OF THK ATLANTIC. Particulars of Her TerrlMe Disaster aa Um Island Coast—Twenty.eight Men tile By laches Before Their Helpleas Friends’ Eyes. New York, December 31.—The sec ond wreck of the ship Giroaasian is the most disastrous that has ooonrred on Long Island coast since the wreck of the John liilton, fifteen years ago. She ran ashore in a blinding snow-storm, and all on board, thirty persons, were lost. 9he crew of the Milton were fro zen stiff in the rigging, their arms stand ing straight ont in front of them. The men on board the Circassian had finished on Friday night all necessary preliminaries for attaching a hawser with which she was to be drawn off da ring the esrly hoars of the night. Tbs wind freshened, and the yes began to run very high until abont 6 o’olook, wheD it began to break dear over her. The men, apprehending danger, went in the forerigging, where they were ordered for greater safety. All on board, thirty two souls all told, remained thns ex posed till early in the morning, when it was deemed advisable to shift quarters, as the falling of top hamper, caused by tbe rolling of the vessel, made it diffi cult to hold on. The crew was safely transferred to the mizzen rigging, where signals of distress were shown. All this time tbe shore was in plain sight. The moon was shining brightly, anfi the fires built by the crew of the li/e-saving sta tion showed plainly (h 6 figures 61 the crowd oh the beach, harrying to snd fro in vain endeavor te aid the mea in the rigging. It was An Awful Suspense ~,, for the poor fellows lashed to the mast and yards of the ship. They saw at tempt after attempt made to establish communication with them fail, and eaeh failure seemed to measure their purchase upon life. Every effort to get a boat off the shore proved futile; as often as it was attempted the sea drove it high and dry od the beaoh. Captain Henry Hau ling, of life saving station No. 10, now brought a mortar into service, and seve ral balls with a rope attached were thrown ont to the sfiip. £nt one of the cords reached the Ship. Its hold was not very secure, and it presently fell off, and the Blender thread on whieh 32 hu man lives depended was snapped asun der. The station men, while these en deavors were being made, oonld see the men in the rigging quite plainly and hear their cries for help. Many of the weather beaten herpes on the shore, whp have been used to wrecked vessels' and saving lives since boyhood, were moved to tears by the piteous importunities of the wretched men off shore. The vio lence of their efforts to save mitigated the suspense they wonld otherwise have felt dnring the early hoars, bat when the last charge was shot off and nothing else possible to human effort or bravery remained to be done, they became un manned, and many of them wept. The nervous excitement and sudden inac tivity utterly incapacitated them for any duty. 1 They coaid not leave the spot, and it only remained for them to remain inaptjyp and see their fellows Perish Before Their Eyes, To leave the beach would only add to the terrors of the death that stared its victims in the faoe, and to remain'inao tive wonld probably give oantie for un just reproach from the poor, helpless waiters on the wreok. Superintendent Hunting and his men remained aud tried to answer the calls from the wreck, but nothing that was said on shore was heard op the ship op account of the di rection of the wind. In terror and sus pense morning wore on, the wind hav ing veered around in the meantime to the West southwest. In the Arms of Death. During the early part of the night be fore the paep went ipto the rigging the oables were slacked, bnt the ship moved only a short distanoe, and continued throngh the night to strike the bottom. Every time she atruok the men thonght she would lose her masts, to whioh they had lashed themselves. While conscious of the great danger and the utter im possibility of saving themselves if the mast should go by tbe board, it being of iron, they were nnable to slacken the lashing. Some of them, with more self-jwssespion than others, had taken this contingency into their calculations and bad not aeonrejy lashed themselves, and among those were the only four saved from the wreck,,,At. half-paßt fonr o’clock in tbe morning the long dreaded crisis came, and the mizzen mast went by the board with a orash, carrying the main mast with it. A tre mendous swell had struck the Circas sian aft and rained Jjpr very high. When it receded she thumped heavily, and the terrific jar threw the mast over the side. The masts being iron, went to the bot tom immediately, oarrying with them twenty-eight souls. T A Terrible Scene. The Custom House officer detailed to superintend the landing of the oargo, in his description of the terrible scene, says the ship was lying out six hsndred feet off the shor). Amid the howling of the tempest and roar of waves there was borne to onr ears the voioea of poor fellows in the rigging singing hymns and praying in ohorns to God. Tharp was hardly a dry eve on shore among us as we heard these thrillfpg and supreme appeals to God. Among those on the wreck were ten Shinnecok Indians, who, as a rule, are very good men. Dnring this agonizing scene, whioh lasted for honrs, we heard these men praying. The beach was lined with people, many of them women, sobbing piteously. Some of them were wives of the doomed men. The wind on shore raged with terrible violenoe, driving tbe people hither and thither. The life-saving orews of Southampton, distant five and a half miles, and Easthampton abont the same distance, arrived, bringing their mortars with them, bat did not attempt to nse their life line when firing. Nothing could be done. They . however fired a number of blank shots to try and reani mate courage of those on board. ONE OF t-RANT’S VICTORIES. Hew the President First Made the AcqaalaU ance ofZach Chandler# Detroit, December, 9, —Some twenty five years ago. Grant having recently graduated at West Point, was stationad in tnis oity. Now, the barracks was situated .jnst outside tbe city limits, and to get to his quarters, from the business portion of tbe town, Grant was obliged to walk a long distanoe through nnfreqnented Streets and past vacant lots, several of whioh belonged to Chandler, who at - that time was the most prominent wholesale dry goods dealer in Detroit. It so happened one night among the wee small hoars that precede the day, that as Grant and two or three of his boon companions were meandering to quarters, Grant slipped down and was so severely wonndea that he had to be helped to the rear by his brother-in arms. In a few days, a* soon as he had beoome sufficiently convalescent, be again went over that battle field end taking down the number of the vacant lot, be sought the Register’s office and finding that Chandler owned tbe lot,.qt onoe called on him at his big store, and stating his ease in the presence of his witnesses, claimed damages on the ground that the snow had not been shoveled from the sidewalk, as the law required, and that the ’rain* and frost had changed the snow into iee, obarging that hia smash np was entirely owing to there being ice on the track, so that the brakes wouldn’t work, Chandler heard him through, and in stead of coming den handsomely, he wouldn’t pay damages worth a oent. On the oontrary, he poured out the vials of his red-hot Wrath npon the heads of Great and hi* companions; told them, among other things, that they were a disgrace to the army and to the oity; that they were habitually com ing to town, frequenting the vilest ram holes, drinking tanglefoot whisky* and making night hideona, and advised them to stay at their quarters, keep sober, and stndy their tactics. Grant retreated in good Order/ taring all his men, and not even making a speech. Old Zaoh supposed he had won a signal victory. Not' so, however. Grant immediately commenced nit against him, and there being a city ordi nance fining every one who aid not have the snow removed from the sidewalk within twenty-four hours, Grant got a judgment every time the snow fell, tad aa Chandler owned a good many vacant lota, he was fretted and worried ah Win ter with petty lawsmta that always went against torn, nntil finally he oondnded the best way was to make friends with the young soldier, and ha sent a note to him, asking tim |q gall at ti yflftna $2 A TEAR —POSTAGE PAID. tojhd purpose of making an amicable v But: Grant didn’t go a second time into the enemy’s stronghold. Instead he, sent word that if Old Zaoh wanted to sroliim for an amicable interview he eonid come where be waa, adding that he had some powerful tanglefoot and large Fall pippins. Chandler im mediately ordered his carriage and drove to the barracks, but all that waa *Xbr known outside the quarters abont that interview is that Chandler did not return to hia place of business that day, and that Grant and he have been inti mate friends ever since. ANOTHER TALK WITH GRANT. Hie Views ou the Pelitlenl Situation— De nounces the Democrats and Claims that All Southern States shonld he Republican— Champions Chamberlain and Abuses Harnp. foP-The Presidential Election Not to he DepQed hr March 4th, and the Preeldent of the Senate Moat Coant the Votes. Washington, December 31.—The Pres ident to-day in an interview with the agent of the National Associated Press, amons other subjects of conversation, alluded with particular* ’ emphasis and detail to the politicbl aitnation in the so-oulled contested States Sontb. He observed that he had- reeeived no letters or telegrams from there for ten days, whioh indicated te him a most sat isfactory condition of things in refer ence to the results of the recent elec tions. Neither Governors Chamberlain, Stearns and Kellogg, and the constitut ed authorities of South Carolina, Flor ida aid Louisiana with them had made reqifii litions 'in that time npon him for aid hi assistance in any shape whatever, whioh was snffioient evidence in his mind [they felt implicit confidence in the oontii manqe of the present statue of af fairs, Speaking more specifically, he said that while he had heard nothing, directly from the authorities in those States, he had been fully advised of the progress of events, by persons who had been requested to go there and who had but just returned. In'regard to South Carol iua, he said that the result bo far as the Republican electors were pon cerned, seemed to be conoefipd by all parties, and that the facts elicited in the oaae < f Edgefield oonnty were snffioient to vi iate the' election there, and that the casting ont of those returns waa jus tified in. the fullest degree by the law of the 8 ate. In hia county, as officially reported, armed bands, non-residents of the oonnty, took possession of the voting places, posted tbei? pickets, voted as often aa they pleased and allowed any one else to vote who would vote their and had a good time generally. That when the retnrna were made up and sent to Colombia and canvassed by the ! Itata Board of Canvassers, they show id about twice as many votes oast as th >ro were residents in the oonnty. In re jard to Florida he said he was in form* and that on the faoe of the returns origii tally shown tbe majority was for Have i and Wheeler, but on a subse quent examination an addition was dis covered which was promptly corrected, and which, gave Tilden and Hendricks 138 majority, On the examination being continued it was discovered in the re turns of one oonnty that there had bean no registration nor other legal measures taken to hold , ftn election; that the re turns showed over 240 majority for Til den pind Hendricks whieh were nnder the exact provisions of the election laws of Florida. These were discarded, leav ing a! majority/of over 100 for Hayes and Wnealpn in regard to Louisiana it was the ojpinion of all who had been there, and* who had subsequently conversed with (him oh the snbject, that the action of the Board ia final, and there ia no ap peal -from its deoision, He said that there always had been trouble in that State on account of frauds committed at elections, That it was a fact that the electoral vote of Louisiana had not been counted in any Presidential eleotion since! 1880. In speaking generally, he said he did not think there had been a fair election, where tbe people could not go to the polls and vote as they pleased, as they would in New England or in any of the Eastbrn States, except, perhaps, in Delaware. That in Maryland, it there had been a free election, at least three Republican Congressmen would be eieoted. That in Mississippi there is a Republican majority of at least 35,000, instead of which at the late eleotion there waa a Democratic majority of about 68,000. That in Alabama and Ar kansas there is also a legitimate Repub fray ot Comment npon the intensity of tpe political sentiments entertained by a large pqrtion of the people of the Sonth, be said that if, by any means, tfie contest ahoiild finally result in the ohoiee of Mr. Tilden, none of the Re publican governments in the South could- stand twenty-four hoars. Jn reference to the Demooratio con testants for authority in South Carolina ÜBd Louisiana, he (nought they would continue to hold out until the Presiden tial contest was finally disposed of, and if favorable-4o the Republicans they would quietly disband, bnt if on tbe oontrary favorable to the Democrats they would, under the auspices of the National Government, doubtless make a summary disposition of the Republican authorities, and they might consider themselves fortunate if allowed to leave atalL In speaking of Hampton’s letter to Governor Hayes, he had seen it printed in the newspapers, and he thought it was in keeping with the other acts of that person. He did not think that as matters now Stood in South Carolina that they oonld be legally reversed. He thought that.the aot of the Legislature, which was empowered by law to eauvass tbe vote for Governor and other State officials, oonld not be set aside; and it seemed to him that the question of ad ministration in that State has been defi nitely settled. In reference to the situa tion in Louisiana, the President-does not share in tbe belief that there will be trouble in the meeting of the Legisla ture, and the inauguration of Governor Ppokard. In this connection, it has been ascertained that the orders issued to tha military commandant in i872 have not been modified in any particu lar, and in case of trouble the military will Certainly interfere for the purpose of protecting life and property and the preservation of the peace. .The President, in referring to the Presidential question in Congress, and the existing differences between the two Hons** a* to the mod* of counting tbe eledtoral vote* and as to their respective powers andjirerogatives,said that he had no disposition to judge the oase, bnt, as a matter of opinion, it appeared to him aa if the question of hia successor would not be disposed of by the time of expiration of his term of office at noon on the 4th day of March, 1877, at which time all power and authority vested in him wonld eease. To his mind the law and the precedents gave the President of the Senate the power to open and oonnt the votes. Washington, January 2.—Another in terview with the President is published npon whioh the changes Bre rang in specials to the Tribune, Herald, World, and whoever wonld publish or pay for it. It is harsh, and oovers with its ap proval alt the olaims of the the Repub lican party. It may be said that it does not accord in tone or spirit with views of the President as fairly given to Mr. Gobright in his report of the interview whiefe the Preeident accorded him. FROM FLORIDA. Drew laaa*amed at Naen. Tallahassee, January B.—The Board made*return to the Court dealaring the vote for Governor. The Court accept ed this as a substantial answer to the writ, and discharged tbe parties with proper neat*. What aotion will be taken regarding the tlectoral vote has not been ]&ew wta inaugurated at noon, Chief Jnstioe Randall administering the oath. Tb* inaugural guaranteed full conces sion and protection in the enjoyment of all right* and privilege* nnder the Con stitution ebd laws of the United States to tke freedmsn. A great many colored people witnessed and took part in the inauguration and bnt few Republicans absented themselves. Nearly, if not all, of Governor Stearns’ Cabinet offi cer*** were present. Governor Stearns himself did not attend. The oath was adminiatswd to the Lieutenant-Govern or, also, by the Chief Juatioo. The Legiolataro is organized in both branches and both are Demooratio. On tke Uth the old Barnwell house at Lear el Bay, on Port Royal Island, was destroyed by fire, it was onoe the resi denoe of Hon, William Barnwell, and ia eaid to have been bnilt by Lord Carlton nearly two hundred year* ago, THE PENDING ISSUE. MB. LAMAR SPEAKS OUT. Strict Adherence to Constitutional methods the Only Safeguard—Wbnt Wheeler Thinks —The Returning Boards .Bust Stand—The “Tribune” Moralize*. Washington, January 3.—Mr. Lamar is quoted as follows: The safety of this country, and especially the happiness aaid prosperity of the South, depend on the strictest, most loyal devotion to the Constitution and all the disorders that afflict the country at this time are the result of departures from the funda mental law. All the dangers now ap prehended are the dangers whioh will spring alone from the violation of the constitutional methods. There is no necessity for any revolution or for violence in order to bring the Government back to constitutional procedure. It is only ueoessary to con centrate the attentiou of the people upon Violations already committed and those threatened, in order to show this danger and difficulty; indeed the re sult of war, of secession has not elimi nated from our system. All resorts to. extra constitutional remedies, and hap pily ip this emergency, are unnecessary. Whether the joint committees of thp two Bouses agree or not, the pro visions of the Constitution are ade quate' to a safe and satisfactory and final solution of every question in volved in the present emergency On the 14th of February next the House will be bound under the Constitution to meet in the same chamber and perform the duties and to exeroise the power which the Constitution devolves upon them, and to examine and ascertain the result: of the election of the Presi dent ! and Vice-President, Neither House oan refuse to perform these duties without abnegating its con stitution power and violating is constitu tional duties in this august assemblage, It is the oondition of our national life, that the duties imposed shall be dis charged in the spirit of truth and pa triotism, regardless of oonsequences to party, but profoundly anxious for those that concern the whole country. If, however, as the Constitution contem plates in this as well as in other eases requiring the co-operative action of the two Houses, they are unable to agree upon a decision whether either candi date has been elected, it must follow there oau be no Constitutional ascer tainment and judgment put upon reoord that any one has re ceived a majority of the electors appointed, it is in effeot a failure to elect andin such case, the Constitution is clear and it devolves upon each of the Houses immediately their respective du ties, one to elect the President and the other the Vice-President. Let the Con stitution be maintained inviolate and there need be no disorganizing collisions and no necessity of resorting to force. The Tribune says editorially: “There was a pleasant serenity about yesterday’s Cabinet meeting. The public welfare was duly discussed both as to internal and external affairs. The conclusion was that the body politio is not in a very bad way and is not in need of Govern ment medicine. In such oases no news is good news. New York, January 3.—The Herald. prints a report of an interview with Hon. Wm. A. Wheeler, who has been stopping in this city a few days. In re ply to the reporter’s remark: “You have undoubtedly read the statements that you are hostile to a compromise with Governor Tilden, by which he is to be elected President by the House, and your Vice-Presidency by the Senate," Mr, Wheeler responded, “Such are necessarily abßnrd. How can there bo any compromise ? Ido not believe that the suffrages of the American people cau be made the subject of decker of or bar ter, What right have any men to forestall the constitutional statement of the ques tion by bargain arrangement or compro mise, call it what you will. As to my submitting to serve under Governor Til den’s Presidency if he is lawfully elect ed, what could I do but to submit cheer fully and respectfully ? I may have my individual preferences, but if Governor Tilden is lawfully summoned by the House to the Presidency by a failure of a count, and if the Senate elects me Vioe-President I would of course yield to him that ready and hearty allegiance with which every Amerioan citizen should submit to the lawfully chosen President, be he who he may. Mr. Wheeler, however, said; “I do not con ceal my conviction that I have been elected by the people, it is my„flrm con viction that Congress oan never be con stituted a National Canvassing or Re turning Board, The Congress oannot go behind the returns beyond the mere question of the regularity of the certifi cates. Understand me clearly, for it is a point or which I would not like to mis understood, the Congress oamfct inves tigate whether Louisiana has gone for Tilflen or Hayes, The action of the Re turning Board on this point has been final and conclusive. FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. YESTERDAY’S PROCEEDINGS, £ Pacific Railroad Bills—Telegraphic Troubles —Barnes and Orton In Contempt—Freed man’s Bank Bill. (Senate. Washington, January 3.— During the morning hour various bills and petitions of no public importance were presented and referred to the appropriate commit tees. On motion of Mr. Wright, the bill declaring the true intent and mean ing of the Union Pacific Railroad acts of July Ist, 1&62, July 2d, 1864 and July 3d, 1866, was taken up. It refers to u claim made by the Central Branch of the Union Pacific Bailroad Company for lands and bends for construction of its road in excess of 100 miles from the Missouri river. Spencer, of Alabama, presented the petition of the ship master and others, of Mobile, remonstrating against the passage of the House bill to amend the shipping act of 1872, referred to the Committee on Commerce. Morton, from thcCommittee on Privileges and Elections, submitted a report declaring the Manager of the Western Union Tele graph office at Jacksonville, Oregon, a witness summoned before the commit tee to testify in regard to the electoral vote of Oregon had refused to answer oertain questions propounded to him by the committee on the ground that he could not divulge the business of his office and testify as to , matters passing over the wires. Accom panying the report was a resolution of the committee declaring Mr. Turner is in duty bound to answer questions, and cannot refuse to do so by virtue of ,his official connection with the Western Union Telegraph Company. Ordered to be printed. Mr. Morton gave notice that be would call it up for considera tion to-morrow. Bill allowing the late Collector of the Fourth Oeorgia Distriot his salary, passed. Writs of railroad were discussed to adjournment. Heuve. Barnes appeared at the bar of the House, and at the request through counsel he was allowed until Friday to prepare his answer. Meantime he re mains ip nominal custody of the Ser geant-at-Arms. Washington, January 3.—A bill was introduced in the House this morning to amend the charter of the Freedman’s Bank, and provides that in case of the death, resignation or disability of any of the Commissioners appointed under the act of June 20th, 1874, their sur vivors, or survivor, shall be invested with the possession and legal title to all the property of said company, and shall have all the rights that were conferred and enjoined on the three Commission ers. It also provides that if all three of the Commissioners shall die or resign before the final execution of their trust, then the Trustees of the Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company shall se lect a Commissioner to perform their dnties upon his giving a bond to the amount of SIOO,OOO. The bill also au thorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to accept the resignation of any of the Commissioners which may be tendered, and gives the present Commissioner au thority to compound and compromise debts. Even the worm will turn. “Jjhnny” Daven pobt did such service for Quant in 1872 that, when the managers of the “machine” came to the conclusion it was desirable to show that there were frauds inNew York at the recent elec tion, they sent word to “Johnny” at once sta ting the amount of fraud required. They ex pected the draft weuld be honored in full, but were painfully shocked to hear from “Johnnt” that it was no use to try that game, for “the canvass of votes cast was honestly conducted." J.i>. evidently feels that Ghent is on the wane.