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I Speech ol r. Calhoun on the Suh-Trea» sui ) Hill. [ Conliuncil.] 1 next object, that Whatever muv he the rip lit to enter into the proposed bargain, the mode in which it is proposed to make it i- ch’arly uncon stitutional, if I rightly comprehend it. lam not certain that 1 do; but. it 1 understand it rightly, the plan rs, for the Secretary of the Treasury to t-eloct twenty live Stale banka, as described in the substitute, winch arc to be submitted to the two Houses to bu continued, or rejected, by their joint resolutions, without the approval of the President: in the same mode, as they would ap point a chaplain, or establish a joint tulc lor the government of their proceedings. In acting on the Joint resolution, it what I suppose he intended, each House would have the right, of course, to stnko horn it the name ol arty bank and insert another, which would in fact vest in the two Houses the uncontrollable right of making the selection. Now, if this be the mode proposed, us J inter from the silence ol the inovcr.it is a plain and palpable viol.it i n on the Constitution. The obvious intention is, to evade the veto power of the Executive, which cannot bn, without an infraction of an express provision ol the Constitution, drawn up With the utmost cure, and intended to prevent the pu-si bilny of evasion. It is contained in lie Istarti clc, 7lh section, and the list clause, v.niuh J a..!; the Secretary to read : [“ Every order, res.iluliun, or vote, to which the Coiicuricnce of (he Humic and llmi-e ol Kc ptCM'iitaiives nitay bo nece sary, (except sn a question of adjournment) Khali be presented to the President of the Unite,l Stale-’, iiii-l bet ire l lie same shall lake t fleet, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by Him, shall be re passed by two thirds ol the Senate and House id Representatives, according to Hie tides and limi tations prescribed in the case of a bill.”) Nothing c,n bo more explicit, nr full. It is no more possible to evade the Executive ve o, on any joint vole, than in the passage of a lull. The veto was vested in him not only in piotecl his own powers, bur us an additional guard to tin- Constitution. lam not the advocate of Execu tive power, which 1 bate been nlieri compelled id resist ol lute, when extended beyond its pro per Inin is, usl shall ever bu prepared to do when )t is Nor am I the advocate of legislative or Judicial. J stand ready to protect all, within the sphere assigned by the Constitution, end to re nisi them beyond. To ibis explicit mid com prebensivo provision ol the I'oii.-'ilutian, in pro tection of the veto, Ihore is but u single cxeep • ton, resulting, by necessary application, from another portion o! the instrument, not less expli cit, which authorises cadi House to cslabli.-ili (lie julos ol its proceedings. Under tins f revision the two Hogues have lull an I uncontrollable uu ■ tboiily within tho limits of then respective Walls, and over those subjected to their mitlioriiy, in their oiiieisl character. To linn extent, they limy pass joint votes mid resolutions, without the approval ol the Executive; lint beyond lint, without it, lin y are power less. There is nr ibis ease special reasons wby his approval should not be evaded. Tho I’renident is til the bead of the Administrative Hepmlm tit ol the (I iverinneiil, and is especially le-ponsibl ■ lor its good management. In ordoi to hold him tesponsib e, be ought to have due power in the selection <>l its agents, and proper coutiol over their conduct. These banks would be by tar the most powerful mid influential of all the agents of the Government, and ought not to be selected without lbs concurrence of the Executive. It this substitute should bo adopted, mill tile provi mm in ipiestion bo regarded such, us 1 consider it, there can be nn doubt ulisi must bo llie f.ilc cfllie measure. The Executive will be bound to protect, by the in orvention of its constitutional light, the portion of power dually allotted to that depailiiicnl by that instrument, v\ liicli w on Id make it impossible lor it to become a law, with the existing division in the two Houser. 1 have not yet exhausted my constitutional objections. 1 rise to higher and to blonder, ap plying diicclly to the very essence ol this substi tute. f deny your right in make a general depo sit!) of the public revenue in a bank. More than half of the errors ol life may be traced to fallacies originating in un improper use of words; and among not llio least mischievous is the applica tion of ibis word to bunk transactions; in a sense wboHy different from its original meaning. On ginally n meant a thing placed in trust, or pled ged to be safely and sacredly kept, till returned lv> the depositoi, without being used by llio de pository, while in his possession. All this is changed when applied t i a deposilo in bunk- In stead of returning the identical tiling, the bank is understood to be bound to return only an equal value; and instead of not having the use, it is understood to have the right to loan it out on interest, or to dispose ol it as it pleases, with tho single condition, that an equal amount be return ed, when demanded, which experience has taught i is not always done. To place, then, tho puhlie j money in deposito, in hank, without restriction, is to give the free uso of it, and In a low them to make us much us they can out ol it, between the time ol deposits and disbursement, Have vvu such a right l . Thu money belongs in the people, collected from them for specific purposes,— in which they have a general mteiest, —and for that only; and what possible right can wo have to give ■ such use ol it to certain selected corporations ! I ask for the provision of the Constitution, that uii- Ihoriies it. 1 ask if wo could grant the uso, for similar purposes, to private associations or nidi- 1 vidttals! Or it not to them, to individual otlb-ei.s I of the Government; for instance, to the fonrprin- ! eipal receivers under this hill, should it pass 1 And if this cannot be dune, that the distinction be pointed out. If those questions he satisfactorily answered, 1 shall propound others still more dillicull. 1 shall then ask, if the substitute should become a I nv, and the twenty-live tanks bo solocled, whether they would not in fact b> the Treasury! And it not, I would ask, where would bo the Treasury! Hut if the Treasury, I would a-rk, if public money in bank would not bo in the Treasury! And if so, bow can it be drawn from it to bo lent for tho ' purpose of trade, speculation, or any oilier use whatever, ag tins! mi express prevision of the Constitution! Ves, as express as words can make it. 1 usk the .Secretary to read the t.-l ar ticle, Olh section, and the clause next to the last, ‘No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in consequence of oppropr aliens modo by law; and a regular statement ami account of the receipts and expenditures of nil public money shall be published from time to lime.' How clear! How explicit 1 No money to ho drawn from the Treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by iaw; —that is, ii, ( . j on which the expenditure is to be made, to' be designated by law, and the sum allotted to . Il'et t it, specified, and yet wo have lived m the da.lv and habitual violation of ibis gu-al fundamental provision, from almost tho beginning of nor polit ical existence to ibis day. Heboid the emi-e qucne.cs! It lias prostrated and eugulphcd Die very institutions, which have enj wed tins illicit la»o.,and Minted, above all other causes, the mo rals and politics ol ilia whole country. Vcs, In this must be tuxeed, as one ul the ntatn causes th« whole system ol excessive revenue, excessive expenditure, mid excessive su-rpln-ses; and to (irenr, osjtecnrlly the last, the disastrous over, throw of the banks axil the currency, and the unexampled degeuera-y of public and primp ( >nora's, which have followed. We have Millered ! the a!ll etioti, may tho blessing, which follows chastisement, wh -n injustice is confessed, come i n ilue sc Ivon Hut I lake a still higher ground. I strike a! the nut of the mischief. 1 deny u, c right ol this " (iuKtOHiem 10’•' ' ’ ' . .now"v in tl. (rmisn -tifi:.... O . mi. ••u .a «piestio;i. 1 never hate beiore -h, 10-,-.. ■ t not generally disp eel to a■■ no i f.m » nr , expressing opinions. In aii id ■ „i. »•. in which ,' a Aatinnnl liinik has cornu in <ju< ition, 1 have . ■ invariably luketi rny ground, thui tl iho (javerii ,i ment turn the tight to receive and tro.it bank notes , as money, it hud the right, and was (round tinder , the Constitution, to regula.u them, so us to make them uniform and stable us a currency The , reasons for this opinion ate obvious, and hate r been so often mid luliy expressed on former on fusions, that it woultl bo Useless to repeal them now: hut J never examined lolly the right ol re- L . tuivitig, or made up rny mind on it, till since the calasltophe in May lust, which, as 1 have said, I entirely separated Iho Government lioui ttic c hanks. Previous to that period, it was an abstract I question, with no practical bearing; us much so , as is now the constiluliunal right of adn.iiting ( , irouistutn into the Union. Things an: now ul (, lered. 'J'hc connexion is dissolved; and it ha- I become a practical question of the first nugn.- i tui'o t The mover of the substitute assumed us a po. t tuUte, that this Government had a right lore s ccivo iii its duos, whatever it might think |.ropei Idi ny the position in tutu. Jt is one, that ought not to lm assumed, and cannot he proved, and which is opposed hy powcilul in jections. Too * genius ol our Constitution is opposed to the aw ' sutoption ol power. Whatever power it pin is eiprco.ly granted, and if proof were waiiud, the i nnmtrous grants of powers lar mure obvious and t apparently mucll in nc »alb to ho assumed thin Iho one in question, would alfurJ it. 1 shad n o ; a few sinking instances. ; il i.ny powers might he assumed, ton would I supjio. e, that ol apply mg money to pay the oil) s , [ of tl;.' Government, anil burrowing it to cany on '| to opcralioiis would he among them—yet hotii 1 are Otp.'essly provided lor by ihe Constilu ion. J Again, to th,; gross is granted the power to do- cl.ne vi,ir and r.li-..’ tirades and navies; yet the ! power In grant letters i,l nlarque and reprisal and to in.ikej nibs lor the teglila'iull of tbo Army and . ...'y i. o nut lull to as.-uin, as obvious I as they are, bill me given by expic-i grant.— Wall these j . d other instances n I less sin.'non. ! which in.gbt be added, il is a h ild »ii pto usSi.'m! • willuiut proof, the far les., obvious power ol tile, Covornuient receiving whaleur U pleases in its do-s, as money, l?ucii an a>..-u «q n m would he ! in direct e'onlhct with the goal pnneoplo which I the K)la'o Kqjils parly, with which the .Venalor | (Mr. JJtvcs) classes hiinsc.l have ever adopted in 1 too t onstniction of Iho Constitution. Jmi, if the l former cannot ho us.-.uined, it would he in vain to utlempl to prove lii.il it his been granted, ir ! that it is ncci'bsuiy and proper to cany any ol il e grant, ;,1 powers into v licet i\o n ull iillenip, he. I cen made, nor can he, with sticcess. On the conli.iiy, there are billing ulijeclioiis to the power, which, in my opinion cannot be surmounted. I once a Indited, it would lead hy consequen e to a necessary iuleih.-rmico with individual mid bilalo concerns never contemplated hy the Con stitution. J.el ns, for instance, suppose that, act ing on the assumption ol the fckmator, the (j ,v -einmcnl should chooso to .'-elect tobacco as an ar lido to he received in payment of its dues, which would he ms well entitled to it as unv other pro duct. an.l in which the Senators constituents me so much interested, lines he nut see the conse quences ! In older to make its taxes uniform,, which il is bound to do by tbo Constitution, and which cannot to done unless the medium in which it is pat.l is so, the Government would ! have to assume a general control over iho great staph) in question, to regulate the weight ol the hogshead or package; to establish inspections under its own oliicers in order to delei unite the quality, and whatever else might he n cessary to make the puymcirs into the Treasury uniform, IS i likewise, it the s'tll greater staple, cotton, he selected. Juu weight ol too baa*, me quality ut the cotton, and its inspection would all neecssa itly lull under tile control ol the Government ; and does not the benutor see that iho cxeicise ol a power that must lead to such consequences— ■ consequences so (dr beyond thu sphere assigned to this Covcnitneiit hy iho Constitution, must he unconstitutional ! J\or does the objection extend only to these and other staple articles. It applies with equal, il not grcutei force, to receiving the notes of State banks, as proposed by the substi tute, in the dues ol the (Government and the man* ngement ol its fiscal concerns. Jt must involve the government in the necessity of controlling and regulating Slate hanks, ns this substitute | afHilda dly pioves, us well as the whole hid ry o' i oar connection vv.t i them ; and it has been shown ; that hanks are, at least, as lar removed from the t control ol ibis Government us the cultivators ol this soil, or any other class of citizens. To ibis I might add another objection; not less strong, i that lar the Government to ivccivo and treat bank i notes us money in its dues, would be in direct eonllict, in its etliict with the important power CJidened exptessly on Conptess of e ining mo ney and regulating iho value thereof; hut as this i will come in with moru propiiely in answer to an argument advanced hy thu C, u Uor from Mas t s.u husells, (Mi. \\ ebster,) 1 i.'null now slate his l argument and reply to it. lie asserted again ami again, both now and at i (bo extia session, that it is the duly of the Gov , ci iimciil not only lv> legulate, but to lurnisb a | sound currency, Imleml it is the piiucipal ar j gunionl relied on by the Collator in opposition to the bill, which be says abandons this great dulv. ‘.Now, tl by currency he meant gold and silwi v.iiiis, llieiu will ho but little) dtlieteiteo between I him and mysell. ’J'o that extent the Govern j tneul has uelear and ut.questionable tight hy ex press giant; but it he goes farther, and intends tv) u srrl that the Government has tlio tight to make I bank notes a eurroaey, which it is hound to teg i übile, then bis proposition is identical in el'f.vi, though dlllctendy expressed, with that i t the I Senator horn Virginia, (.Mr. Hives,) and all the arguments, 1 have urged against u are equally iipphciibio to Ins, 1 hold, on my part, that the | power ol the C ivemment on this stib.eei is limited to coining money and regulating its value, and patiish the counterfeiting ol the cur tonl coins; and is, el iho coins made current by ■ Jaw, the only money known to iho Constitution. It is lime to niasc a distinction between money, i or currency, if you plcaso—hot ween that which vm 1 legally pay debts, mid more circulation, i vvltich lias t s value horn its promise to tie paid in the lorinci; and Under which cla-mlicatioii, i hank Holes us well as hills or prom hairy notes ol i individuals tall. J'tiese are all in their nature , piivate and Heal, and cannot he elevated to the | level of currency, or money, in iho lise.il tran.-.ic ; lions , 1 the Goverum nl, without comb.g into | conflict, more or less, w ith the object of the Con i alitulion in ve-tnig the very power in Congtcss, j vvhich I shall now proceed loshovv. It will linrdly be qu.s.toned, that the object was to tlx a standard in outer to furnish to the I nian u currency ol unit', rut and steady v alue, mi l was thei dare united in Iho same sentence’ wih the relative power, to fix Iho standard ol we,gots uml measures,-the objects being 5i.,.,. u "- - N ’"’ 11 vmr cxpeiioncc l«s proved unv thing, n has amply show,, that so Img uje Government is connected with the Junks, ami > oil liotis-ieevivcdii, it. t unsacOyns asjmaacy, - vnrp.t IS intposssihle to give any u.g bke 5.,.b lily Jo the j <ttii:ut Ol value; und that the I' , c ‘ “*“•«. a ,*ld leg illation tile coins, t:c come:. in .. great muusurv a inetoutiilily ■ JAciy ; 1,1 d des, vv ben it iVuiavlc U,c ' I su dilute lor _money, drive* out of em ulation i I '>-■ or ol ihe precious im-tuL-; and when tlict-iac becomes e.xoib.taiit, gold and ailv.i aunost cnti .ly d...ip Ic.„s 1 c.„s as om cxpt.icnco at tins lime proves. Tbo .fiicls me analogous i ..I'o-'o,, v: tb: pvt; i|,c c.i.i, us faras . t.ibiia-. , v . sf.mliid isc vnr»rt!cd naJ it would be not lee’s : i l-lioiml lo Mippo , that *ucl. i power on the 1 (mil of individuals, would bo consistent with a t uniform and staple currency, than to suppose r tin- receiving hud treating hank notes as a sub i dilute for money hy the Government, would be. i- The only check or remedy is to restict them to their proper sphere, to eiieulale in common with s bills of exchange or other piivale and local pa i per, fur the convenience of business and the ; trade, ho 1 r Iron Mich u course operating • | i;jo i e.i- ,y on Iho people, or from being liable lo ii.j charge ul homing one currency for the people & tmoiier for 'ho Government, a* has been so i ultin, At with such t Ilf t repealed, it is the very ■ roven-u Government hy refusing lo received ■ hank notes, as it is hound to do would in fact , funtish a choice to the people to lake cither J money or notes at their pleasure. The demand t el the ■Government will alwiys keep a plentiful > supply of the tfcnncr in the country, soar to j idlord the people a choice, while the opposite would expel money and leave no option to them but to take hank notes or worse, as at persent. -1 have now shown how it is proposed lo form the h- igue of hanks, and have presented lire eoiirdituiloral impediments that stand in the way. Those are numerous and slrong; so much r so, that they ought to he irresistible with all, . except the lalitudioiius in construction; lur 1 1 caimol expict they vv lit proJur e their lull diced. 0 1 Know 100 well the face of long entertained ■ in.pre'Moiis, however erroneous, to he sanguine how strongly the mind rebels against tire ex pel: .o.i ol the old and the udmisriun of now op -1 ..nons. Vet, ill this esse where we c,burly sec ho v giuiliudly and silently error crept in under i dr. ,;iiiso ol words, applied to now and totally different ideas, without exciting notice or alarm; ‘ nd when vve have experienced such deep disas f lers in consequence ot parting from the plain • intent and meaning of the Uonstitutiutnm. I i cannot but hope that all who helitve that the . success oflho Government depends on a rigid - udiicrcnco to the (.’onslitutioii, will lay a.-ide all • previous impressions, taken without rcflecdoo, 1 and give to the objections their duo weight , 1 come now to tlm no t point, to show how • Ills league is to he revived or stimulated into life. Till this eon ho done, tho substitute,should it become a law, would boa dead letter. The • . election is lo be made from specie paying banks. , I iVrmo but such tan receive the public deposit is, i oi Jei'f* loeir notes received in the dues ol the Govurn.'in ifh There arc none such now. The i whole huttiJmt system lies inanimate: and must ho vivified l-cto.e ,* tan he leuni ed with the i Government. .Vo tmn is hold enough to pro pose an union with this n.'Hcrs mass ilow then is the vital spark lo he ier,:‘*vcd! how tiro breath of life, the Promethean the, to hit breathed ; into tho system anow is the question? is the la k. Tho mo-cr tells us, that it must bn tho work ol tiu Irov, niment. lie says that it is hound, to aid the hanks to resume payments; and for that purpo-o ought to hold out lo them some ntleymity inducement. Ho tells us, that they have been long pupating and had made great t llui ls, but cun go no limber; have rolled the round, huge reek almost to the summit, hut unless the Wovemment put forth its giant arm, and give the last push, a will recoil and rush down the stoop lo the bottom, and all pa-t la bor he lost. Now, what is this adequate in ducement? What this powerful stimulous, which it is proposed the Government should apply, in older to enable the hanks to accom plish this herculean task! Tho .substitute shall answer. It proposes lo fix tiro Ist of July next for the period ol resumption; and us the inducement lo resume, it proposes to select twenty live of tho most respectable and solid, out of the resuming hanks to ho Iho depositories of the public mo aeys, and the fiscal ag-vnt ol the Guv’eniincm, as has been already staled. It also proposes, and this is tho stimulus, the essence ol tho whole, to make the noies ol such hanks us may resume on nr hclo.e l h it day, exclusively rocciveahle ra l.e- public dm s. Hero is a t/md/n u i’uo\ some thing proposed to he done, lor which something is io iie given. U o lull the. h inks plainly, if you res mm, we, on our pail, stipulate to make twen ty live ol you our liscal agents and depositories ol the revenue; and wo further stipulate that those who resume by the lime lived, shall have the exclusive piivilcgo for ever of having their notes receivable in the dues of the Government, in common with gold and silver. If the hanks perform their ( art, vve shall ho bound in honor and good Ini I h lo perform ours. Jt would ho it complete contract, as obligatory us if signed, scaled, mid delivered. Such is the induce ment. The next question is, will it he adequate? Vcs, abundantly adequate. The battery is sn'png enough to awaken the dead lo lit-; the considera tion suiUcienl to remunerate the banks for what ever saci dice tin y may be compelled to make, in eider lo resume payment. It is dillicult to esti mate the value ol these high privileges, or prero gatives, ns 1 might justly call them. They are worth millions, li you wore to enlet into a similar contract with an individual, 1 doubt not, 'hat he could sell out in open market for at least ■ hniy, loity, or bhy millions ot dollars, Jdo then the mover thejuslicc la say, that his means are ample to ellect what he proposes. As dtlli eult as is tho work ol resumption,—and dillicult it will turn out to he when tried,—the induce ment will prove all sulllcicnj. Hut the resump tion. however desirable, may be purchased 100 dearly; and such Would prove to he tho ease, should the project smeeed. Not only is the of' ler 100 great, but the mode of cheating n is high ly objectionable, lls operation would prove not loss disastrous than the bargain has been shown to ho unconstitutional, which I shall now pros v i’til to eMablinli Tho oiler will have a double died. U will .a t as a powerlul stimulus to resumption, hut will act at the same lime with equal lotco to ex cite a struggle among the hanks, not only lo re sume themselves, but to prevent others from resuming. Thu riason is dear. Tiro ndvan (ago to each vvrd increase, us the number of the resuming hanks decreases' und of course, the great point ol contest among the strong will ho to tcsliict the proffered ptize to the smallest number, ihe closer the monopoly the greater the profits. In this snuggle, a cqmbi. alion of a lew powerful and wealthy hanks, tho most ie spectahlo and solid, as designated in the substi tute, will overthrow and trample down the rcsi -iUi . 1 heir lull wih spread desolation over the hind. \\ hatever may he the fate ol others in this dispcra.e contest, there is one, in lelition la w ine., no dentil ean he enterlalned: 1 refer lo iho United itnates hank ol I’enusylvauia, a long name and a misnomer; and which, lor the sake ot brevity, hut with no personal disicspeet lo the I distinguished individual at the herd, 1 shall call Mr. litddic's hank. Thai, at least, will he one d th.- winners—one ol the twenty live to whom the prize will boa .signed. Its vast resources, ns vvdilih und inllueulial connexions, both at i home and abroad, the skill and ability of the of- | Ikci at Us head, and, what is loss honorable, the yurat i rsuurct it holds, in the notes ol the Uni ted States hank of whieh more than six mil ions 1 "\ ve l 1:11,1 circulation, in violation, lo f.iy the east o! a trust, constituting more than live sixths of all its circulation, and which it is “ 01 , b *’ u , r “ "M' h'i-with the still greater amount on hand, makii g in the whole more than twenty rx n:tllrons, and which may be used (he same way j mrt prevented, would place it beyond ah 1 dm:!,, among the victor*. He starts wnhout I proper weights, and wi.l had the way from the 1 Inst. Mho the other* may be is ui.u-i iam; this i wml depend mainly upon his good wi.l and p.easme. It may !.,■ pat down t . ; v i, u o', r Urey in.",- l.e, tint they w ill he pmu-.lhl'and i luuucnl...!, ana n. t unftrvorablc u- his iu'.ctcs'.sj >, or .ggiundizemciil. Hut iliu miichcvious flk'tl i I will noi be limited lo this death like struggle, » I in which so many muni fall and he crushed, that - I might otherwise weather the storm. Ihe lorced . | resumption, lor such it will he in effect, would be > I followed liy wide spread desolation. It is easy i I to sink lo suspension, but hard to return lo re - I sumption. Under the most lavoruhle circum i; ' stances, and when conducted must leisurely, the , pressure must be severe; hut, il coerce 1 or preci- j i , piloted Iry bankrupt laws or temptations such as j this, it will lie ruinous. To make it safe and a easy must be the work of time, Government can f do tint little. The disease originates in cxccs ] sive indiditness, ami tire only remedy is payment t or reduction of debts. It is estimated, that when r the banks suspended 'payments, the community J was indebted to them the enormous sum ot I 5475.000,000. To reduce fills within the pro j per limits, is not the work of a few days, and ■ can be but little aided by us. The industry and i the vast resources of the country, with lime, are the only remedies lo be relied on for the rcduc i lion; and to these, with the State Legislatures, i and the public opinion, the resumption must be s ieli. To understand (lie subject fully, wc must i look a little mote into the real cause of the dilii , cully. I To he continued. .■"r- ■ ”..r ~ ~ —,■ ...yvy.nßm, I —, j lIV HXI'UHNS if!AIL. Fitu>| of II COBBKSFOSUFHT.J . ; WASHINGTON, March l9:h, 1838. a In (he Senate, a report was read from Iho Sec 1 rotary ol tho Treasury, relative lo the progress of publication of the documentary history ol the revolution. i Alsu a report from the Post Master General, communicating' correspondence between that I Department and the Hunk of the Metropolis. — 1 Ordered to hu printed. Mr WKIGIIT presented a petition of citizens of Urooklyn, New Yoik, in favor of the Sub , Treasury Scheme : laid on the table, | Also, sundry petitions from citizens ol various ■! towns in Now York, on tho subject of Abolition ' and Texas. Mr HUGH AN AN presented a petition of the .• citizens of Pliiladelphia, for an appropriation for 1 tho erection of firo proof buildings for Govcrri imnt purposes in that city : refened. Also, from the same, a memorial in favor of i> the international copy right law : referred, i Mr SMITH presented a resolution ol the * Legislature of Indiana, on tho subject ol a National Foundry. jViV WALL presented a petition of a number of numbers of the New Jersey Legislature, : against the suh Tteasn-y scheme; which was ordered lo he printed. Mr MOLLIS presented sundry petitions of- L the citizens ol Ohio on tho subjects of Abolition . | and Texas. 1 j Mi UUGGJ.ES presented a petition of a large number of the citizens ol Maine, in jaVof ol a National Hank : laid on the table. I Mr MOUItIS introduced a resolution, that the Committee on the Judiciary inquire whether the existing laws prevent tho traffic in slaves between liio United Slates and Texas, &c. ; laid on tho table. Tho Hill changing tho time of holding the U S Courts in the Uih circuit, was repotted by the Committee with an amendment. A discussion iheieon ensuing, on motion, the bill was laid on tho table, and the Sub Treasury Scheme tukm up in the orders of the day. Mr HUN TON having the door, continued speaking in favor of the Lull till the usual hour of adjournment, when the Senate adjourned, J • • I in tho House of iiepresentaUvcs, on motion cl Air DVJS, of Maine, il was resolved that the ' Speaker of tho House iutoini the Governor of the Stau of Maine, of the vacancy existing in iho ropicociituliou ol that Stulu, occasioned by ilie dram of the Hun. T J Carter. Mr CUSHMAN offend a resolution calling upon the President for inloimatron as to the inter- | meddling of an foreign nation with the savage j tubes of Wisconsin or beyond the Kooky Moun tains; and il was agreed 10. Mi UEUD die red a resolution instructing lire Committee On fire Tost Ollrcc and Post Loads to enquire into the expedience of establish- j nig a mail lo the Pacific, across the Lthuiua el Panama : agreed to, Mr ADAMS olfeted a resolution for the prepa- j lion of a statement of all the memorials, petitions, ! eVc., presented at tins session, and laid on the table under the Patton resolution of last Decem ber. Mr CUSHMAN objected, and the resolution lies over under the rule. Mr SN \ HE If, e>l Illinois, offered lire following resolution, which was agreed 10. Jteiohed, That the commute on Public hands be instructed lo enquile into the expedience of i opening a bill grunting to each soldier who' served m any of tlio eampuings against tbc In dians in tho North West Territory, between the years 1781 and 1790, a tract of land not less than J'JO acres eaeli lo be located on any survey ed lands of tbe General Government uotoihei wise disposed ot. Mr P LATT offered -be following resolution, I which was agreed 10. Itcsolved, That the Committee on tbc Post j Ullieo and Post Loads be instructed lo inquire into theexpedieucy of so lesseniag.'llie rate ol pos tage on letters lo make the income about equal lo the cost of transporting the mail, and report by bill or otherwise. Mr Puttui moved to suspend the rules, for thu ! purpose of taking up liio resolution alibied by ! him on toe Bth July, on the sulyect ol renioviij- r { from oliite by the Executive patronage. Mr 1 allon asked the yeas and nays on the resolution, and stand that his object m taking 'bem up, was, to make them the special order for a certain day. Mr BOON, asked how far the inquiry would go back, air PA 1 I O', copied, lo the origin of the Government. The question being taken, there were yeas iO; nays Cl. There not lung two thirds, the motion ■ vvas lost. J lie House was ihcn culled, by States, for petitions, a great number of which were presen. | ted. Vhe House then adjourn, d. /’n-ia the .V. V. Courier Knquirc FnoM Tin. PnoNTi i;n. — Wc received on Sal- * unlay, tho Hriiish olhcial account of their attack, j on the horde which invaded Point Pello Lladn • but had not room the place it in our columns. It appears Ural Colonel Maitland, the British olli- | ter commanding on the Canada shore, alter as certaining that the ice was sufficiently strong, i passed over it, a detachment of regular troops and | militia, two companies of which he ordered to the south side of the Island to intercept the retreat ol the invaders to tire American shore, whilst ho himself landed on the north side and drove them | before him, Finding themselves hemmed in, they attempted to escape oil the south side, and 1 here encountered the two companies posted there, j An engagement ensued, in which the invaders were routed and a Col. Uradley.a Major Handley ! and Captains Van Renssllaer and McKepn, and ; I seven others, dead on the field, several besides taken prisoners, many of whom were severely wounded, 'l ire Util ish loss'is staled lo he two ' killed and twenty-eight severely wounded. A subsequent despatch from Colonel Maitland ! announces the capture of the renowned General Sutherland and n young man of the name of Spence, whom they say is his aid deearnp. He was sent under eseort to Toronto. As some ol our readers may like to know who this Wulher- | land really is,we slate lor their information, that [ if they can recollect a Sergeant of.'Marines who a • few years since was daily seen in our publication 0 Uice, where he called for papers laken by of ficers stationed at Governor’s Island and the Navy Yard, they may place before them the in dividual in question. He was a Sergeant of Marines, and deserted, taking with him a sum of money belonging lo in the corps. miONICUS AND SENTINEL,. | AU&j’STA. : 1 tiiiluiilny iVt«. i uing, Mkkli 21, The communication of-Burke” and tho pro ceedings of tho imeeling in Ilurke courtly , ap pointing Delegates to thu merchant.-,’ convention arc received, hut unavoidably postponed, until Monday. Curiosities of Literature.” Wo have seen the original ol the following advertisement, in the hands of a gentleman tra velling Iron! tho West, where he obtained li, Mr ; Swann must have been a “je'sti S of thu peace.’ j Notus on thu 7 of October 1837 thur will bee oferd for sal a firs rut yok of oxen and sum i fathers and sum wool and a stock of cattla and housel & cilchin fuurnity the lurnis will bee no ing ond thu day of sal Janies L swan The Currency! The blessings of a good currency ,ve have ■ once enjoyed ; the curse of a had one is now vis ited upon us. Upon whose head rests the sin of depriving us of tho former and inflicting upon us ■ the latter, posterity, if not the present genetalioii j will determine with truth and justice. The lien- [ ilns of a sound and uniform currency arc too 1 well understood to require a demonstration at | this time, and the evils of a depreciated one are 1 too well known from daily experience to render j an exposition of them necessary. The school of experience leaches many useful lessons, but the sad experience of a whole people, in this in stance, has no effect upon their lulcrs, who feci, ing nothing of tho cursoofa bad currency because they pass edicts lo [ray themselves in gold and silver, care nothing for the sufferings of the peo ple. The office holder who leceivos his salary 1 i r-pecie, which ho can dispose of at a premium, feeli none of the evils of a depreciated and fluclu u ing paper eunoucy. It is not surprising that 1 lie should go for the Sub Treasury bill, which proposes lo fill his pockets with gold as long as j he holds his office ; hut it is astonishing that the people who reap the hitler fruits, while the office | | holder feeds upon the sweets, of a disordered ! j currency, should go for a measure which makes I permanent a state of things which inures as a blessing to their rulers, while to themselves it is an affliction and a curse. Let us look about us a little and see the actual condilion-of things, j Exchange on the north is now at seven per ct. ; picmium—on Charleston at four to five, and at I a small premium on Savannah. The hills of Alabama hanks are fifteen to twenty per cent, di count, and Mississippi money is scarcely worth house room. A merchant, residing in Alabama, passed through this place a few days ago, on his way to New Ycrk to buy goods ; prior to leaving j ; home ho exchanged his Alabama money for hills I of the Western Bank °I t>eorgia, giving five per ; cent premium for them ; these he brought to ! I tins place and sold at a discount of ten per coni, t for the hills of other hanks ; with these he pur- 1 chased a check on New York at seven nor cent I premium, making a total loss of twenty two per cent, or nearly one fourth of Iris money lo enable i him_lo get to New York from Alabama. Well ; may he exclaim, Oh! the glories of Jackson’s and - Van Burcn’s administration! Wo stale these tacts for the benefit of the pco -1 pie—the planters in particular, who are most deeply interested in this matter. When tho met- 1 chart! lias to pay a high premium for exchange, ' it is necessary for him, in order to save himself, | to add to tho pifoc of his goods, and the planter who buys the goods, thus in the end, pays for the I benefits ofa deranged and ruined currency. For I this let him thank those learned doctors, Jackson | and b an Buron. Forger}. j ihoN. V. Herald of the I9lh inst. says; ; “Me learn that a young man was arrested yesterday in Philadelphia on the charge of pass ling off in Wall street a forged hill of credit for | 7 30,000 to the amount of ? 15,000, on a hank of .Augusta. A broker in Wail street negotiated j $OOOO on the credit. All the money, except j $2OO, has been recovered. New riuinpsiiiro ialeetion. The Boston Allas gives icturns from 162 towns, out of 231 in the State. The result is, For Isaac Hill (V. 11.) 21,877 Wilson (W.) 21,043 V. B. majoiity thus far, 2.?4 ; Jackson maj. in same towns in 1832, 3910 Whig gain, 3712 It is said the \V higs will have a majority in the House of Representatives. Senate doubtlul, y-r-rm-tg:i.B3wwt 31AKUIUO At Rock Bridge, Gwinnett co. on Thursday evening lost, by James Diamond, esq. Capt. Tho mas Maociiu,, to Miss Elk'.aiieth Amu-usox, all of the • amo place. Li Richmond county, on Sunday, 18th March, i by James 1.. Gasilin, esq. Mr. Jo:ix Ginns, jun. to Miss Nanci Sent sos, all of said county. ‘ 11 AUX-N i: I.VI’H > I jin; F.\C I’." T ,S \ \ AN N A JI, iN larch -*2.—l Sloop C;u’olil* Burkur, < harleston. w Arr. sclir Eiizu Jane, Haskell, Went to sea, sc hr Casket, AK- r< u q CIIAIU.KSI-ON. Marti. -A« y.nurJay. JL Currency, Gilmore, Havana. J j Cliarcd, brig Financier, Adam}, w j ml; Sl . lu . s <aj ly. Miller, Kohler, Philiidel)>l;>»> Ki j >UI „ s , T*. pisiiue; steamer kibertj, I’liilhritli Aupistaaul Went to sea, ship Mar ,-;t Petrrilnik Ur Her is, Klrvell, Havre; (J I, brig C M'deliu, SUvrrrul i\ Y; selir Polly, Miclmls, Wilmington. W * nm i i !v as musJPMCMinwr- *»* nut* I “Augusta Benevolent Society T Committees appointed for tire prmem munlb. I 1 Committee Division No. I—Messrs. John \f Knight, Wm 11 Wood, Mrs. Francos Alerediih,AfiAt Elizabeth Marshall. I Committee Division No. 2—Messrs. Thaddeus I j .Vloy, Sylvanus JJ Groves, Mrs. John Winter, MrL C C Talliafvrru. Committee Division No. 3.—Messrs. John Heescn L B llait, Mis Mary Glover, Mrs. Amy Whillocl# All eases ol' sic kness and distress please -cporl l|. them. M. M. BROWN, Sec’y pro tern. » The Constitutionalist will please copy theabovon march 10 1m JKT During Dr ROBERTSON’S short a •.oncil from the ci;y, Dr Cunningham will an u . ) hi 4. professional engagements; and Mr W K iv.. lion to any other business which ho may be concerned, march 21 4 . , l q 3" We arc authorised to say that Wm. W, . HOLT will not be a candidate at the approach-. \ mg election for member of Council, IR/’ Di. UUoERTaUN declines being a can didate for a seal in ihc next Council. I’itnso announce the Inlh.wirg, ticket lor Members of Council for ward No. 3. T. RICHARDS, A. G. HUN, W. G. NIMMO. Mu'. Joses—Please announce the following gentlemen as candidates for Council in Waul No. 4. A. J. MILLER, L. P. DUGAS, C. B. HITT. Mu- Joses—Please announce the following . gentlemen as candidates for members of Council for Ward No. 2, at the approaching election : B. H. WARRI3N n . ROBERT BARBER, S. M. THUMP.-UN. I CC/’Mr Editor—Please insert the following ticket lor Aldermen, lor the 2d Ward, and oblige Mist Voters. B H WARREN,A A CUM MING, > Aldermen. . JOHN BONES. 3 r 4 ; Mr. Jones: Please insert the following tie kit i for Mayor and Alderman for the 4lb Ward, and oblige Mini Votus. Fon Mavou. , SAMUEL HALE. Ton Mr.Manns of Council. C. B, HITT, L. P. DUGAS, JOHN HILL. Mu. Jokes—Please announce the following gentlemen as candidate for Mayor an 1 members of Council—members to represent Ward No. 3, | and oblige Manx Voters. FOR Tit VTO It, SAMUEL HALE, run memuf.ks ok council, W. W HOLT, THOMAS RICHARDS, ISAAC MOISE. Cj* Mr Jones, will please announce the follow, ing gentleman its candidates for members of j Council for Ward No 4, at tho ensuing election, WM P DEARMOND, CHAS. B. HITT,' JOHN hill; , CCj- The following gentlemen will be sup ! ported fur members of Council (or Ward No, 3, by Ma NX VoTKIIS, B. B. KIRTLAND, F. H. COOK, A. G. BULL. Please announce the following gentlemen as Candidates for Ward No. 3, at the approaching Election in April next. B. W. FORCE, THOMAS RICHARDS, B. B. KIRTLAND. 0 S The following gentlemen will serve as members of Council in Ward No. i, if elected' on the first Monday in April next: PHILIP CRUMP, R. F. BUSH, MITCHELL NELSON. Mr. Jones, wbshould be gratified to be ropre sented in (.ottncil by the following gentlemen, viz: A. HUMMING, MARTIN M. DYE, JOHN BONES, and hope they will suffer their names to be an*' - I nouneed as candidates allhc approaching election. Manx Vomits ok 2n VVaiid. / j Mr. Jones—Please announce the following ! gentlemen as candidates for Council in the first i Ward at the approaching election in April. GAREY F. PARISH, 1 PHILIP CRUMP, I : WILLIAM E. JACKSON. A UGUSTA AU’nuUKRV GUARDS, •“ *- Appear on your Parade Ground in front of ihe I aneasterinn Institution this afternoon, at 3 o’clock, ■ without uniform , prepared for Infantry Drill. By order of Captain Gould, | STOVALL, Acting O. S. March 24. 4t New Caoodsi, 1V E S & GUUSWO L I) . A n°"’ opening a general assortment! if Slnplj and Fancy Dry Goods, ; which were purchased unusually low; they will be . soil at prices very much reduced. Their assort ment is calculated to please customers purchasing lor cash, at wholesale or retail. The public gen erally arc respectfully invited to call. Their stock consists of the following articles viz: 3-4 4-4 shirting and sheeting, brown end while; 3-1 4 4 licking, superior and common check ami stripes; blue plains;.linen summer stuffs; brown and bleached drills; Marsaillos vestings; Jean do; low Princl prints; blue and while Merrimack do; sup'r ! fluey do; French prints, neat patterns, small figure; mourning and half mourning Calicoes; fancy and mourning French muslins; satin stripe challys. A very rich assortment ol Silks, consisting of plain and f.g’d black; Could de sole; black sat.u; French, English and India; ced’d do; rich lignered; rich satins arid light dol’d silks for evening dresses; plain while satin; lig’d do of superior quality; bonnet silk fir milliners; licit black and fancy col’d Shawls; Russia lablo diaper; birds eye do; an extensive as- Konment of Irish linens; linen cambric of supeiior quality; linen camb-ic liltdk’l; black, white, and col’d silk Hosiery; English and French cotton do; misses collet: do; ladies and gouts superior French | gloves; silk do; Persian thread marshals’ do; black; I crape and lacecol’ddo; bishop lawn; book mits/iii; : Swiss, medium, check’d and strip'd do; foundation do; French and Scotch Embroidered Capes, and 1 t'ollars, Garniture, Taffeta apd Satin Ribbons, Hand boxes by the nest, a desirable stock of Milli ners’ goods, goods for house servants of every des cription, plantation do. together with every other aniele necessary in complete a general assormeiit. Country Merchants desirous of purchasing lor cash or approved credit will fin I it greatly to llticr interest to rail. Store directly under the Globe Hotel. March. 12 b7d3w m UUU HHOUJS O SNA BURGS AND YARNS.—The undersigned being appointed Agents lor the sale ol the above goods, will keep constantly on band a full supply, which they will dispose ofon lho most ren,enable terms. nn 22 ilA.w2nt r. A. ORELVER & CO I'iIOTKC CION INKUIi AIVCE COMPAW, ' 1 11 IE undersigned, agents of the Protection lit ft- suranco Company of Hartford, Connecticut, arc prepared to insure buildings and their contents against loss or damage by fire on the most reasona ble terms. W. <fe J. G. GATLIN, oct 31 dlf 205