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W>*HAjuwrjmaHTM( . 4«mi—i
MR. r7 A V'S ;jl*i’,l(Tl
ON THE &L’M-1 IIUASUt V till I. o-irfutfird
'll! the liquidation of the debt due to the banks
item the community, and from the batik- to the
e.ommuniiy, there would uul ho ns much dilfieu!-
fy as the Senator teems to apprehend. from
the man of debts due to iho hunks mo to bo de
ducted lirst, the amount of subscription. which
constitute their capital-.: secondly, the amount ol
deposites to the credit of individuals m their cu
tody; and, thirdly, the amount of their notes in
circulation, How easily will these mutual debts
neuiraliu each other/ The same person, in
numberless instances, will ctunhinc in linnsoll
the relations both of creditor and debtor.
The only goucral operation ol hanks heyond
their discounts mid depositos, wtiie.h pervade ■ the
whole community, is that of furnishing n ciren
latiirti in rodeo liable p iper, beyond the mnouiit
ot specie to redeem it in their vaults. And can
it be doubted that this additional supply of mon
ey furnishes a powerful stimulus to industry and
production, fully compm-nting any casual incon
veniences, which sometimes, though rarely, occur!
Usnks reduce the rate ol iiituioal. and repress
inordinate usury. The salutary influence of
banking operations it demonstrated in countries
and sections of country where they prevail, when
contrasted with|tlioaoin which they a-c not found.
In the former, all is bustle, activity, general pros
perity, The country is beautified and adorned
by tlio noblo works of internal inipro cntoni; the
cities ore filled wiih splendid edifices, and the
wharves covered with the rich productions of our
own or of foreign climates. hi the latter, nil Is
sluggishness, elothfiilnesa, and inactivity. Eng
laud, in modern time*, (lliratrafes the great ml
vantages of hanks, ol credit, and of atitnulali d m
duatry. Contrast her with Spain, dchlitutu
of all those Advantages. In unctrmi tones.
Alliens Would prcseitl. an imagri of full and
active employment of a.I Iho vurrcr ( . H ( ,| m ir,
carried to the highest point of civilization,
whilst her neighbor, Sparta, with her iron
money, affords another ofllio beaded b .s l l it
of metallic circulation.
The Senator f.oui S.nrh (Jar dim would -In
the banks no harm; but they urn dcentml hy
him highly injurious to the planting tno rn-.i!
According to him, they Inflate pne t, and the
poor planter bcl'h Ids product ions for hard mi-,
ney, and Ime to purchase Ills suppln-H at the
wwolon prices produced by i p iper me Imm.
■Mow, I meet dissent altogether from the Siena
tbr’a vUlcinent o( the case. England, ttic
principal customer of the planter, h quite us
much, if not more, a paper country than ours.
And the paper money priced of iho one conns
try are neutralized by the paper money prices
of the other country. Il'tho argument wore
true, that a paper money country trailea rita
ndvantngooualy with a hard money country
wo ought to continue to employ a paper med
ium, to counterbalance the paper mml.uiii < 1
England. And if wo wore to banish mu pa*
ptr, and substitute altogether a metallic cur
rency, we should be exposed to the very ine
quality which has bok-tt insii.led upon. Eat
there m nothing in tint view of the matter
which is proaonted by the Senator from South
Carolina. It, as he assorts, prices wore al
ways inti ited in this country beyond their
standard in England, the rule of exchange
would bo constantly nganj.-t. ue. An exam
ination, however, into the actual state ol
exchange between tho two countries, lor a
long aeries of years, r.vanes that it In ;
generally been m our favor. In the direct
trade bu.wooa England and lire country, 1
hare no doubt, there is a largo nmiin. 1 hai.
anca against us; bin that balance u adjusleu
and liquidated by balances in our favor in
other branches ut our foreign trade, which
have finally concentrated "in En-dand, ns
the great centra of the oommcrciuf world-
Oldlltbo interests Mid branches of indus
try in this country, none has profited nioro hy
the uro and employment of credit and capital
derived from banks and uLlicr toirccs, than
tho planting interest. It habitually employs
credit in all countries where planting agricul
ture prevails. The States of Alabama, Mis
sissippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana, have al
most sprung into existence, u« it were, by
magic, or, at least, have boon vastly improved
and extended, under the influence ot the cre
dit system. Linds, slaves, utensils, beasts of
burden, and other supplies, have been emu
•lantly bought, anti still continue lo he pur
chased, upon credit,' and bank agency is all
ossenlial to give the most beneficial opera,
tion to these credits. Ent tho argument of
the benator from South Carolina, which 1 am
combating, would not ho correct, if it were
true that we have indited prices on tins side
of ths Atlantic, without a corresponding in
flation of price on the other side; because the
planter generally selling ut homo, urn! buying
nt ho io, 1110 proccudd of hid balo, whatever
they miy be, constitute the matins by which
bo effects his purchase", and cousequoiv l ly
neutralize each other. In wh it do we of she
est receive payment lor the inuuenso quail
lily ol live stuck and other produce ot our
industry, which we annually sell to the
booth and Southwest, but that paper medium
now so much decried and denounced! The
Senator from South Carolina is very fond o'
the Stale batiks: but he thinks there is no le
gitimate currency except thalnt the (,'onsli
lution. Ho contends that the power which
the Government possesses to impose taxes
restricts it, in their payment, lo the leeciplol
tho precious metals, lint the Constitution
docs not say so The power is given in
broad and unrestricted terms mid the Gov
ernment is left at liberty to collect the taxes
in whatever medium or commodity, from the
exigencies ol the case, it can coiled them. U
is. doubtless, much the most convenient to
collect them in m .ivy, hocau-e dial repia souls
or can command, every thing, the want of
whic.< is implied by the power of t.t\
Cut suppose them was no uvniov in the
country, none whatever, to b ■ extort ml bv* tin
tax-gatherer front tin impoverished people!
Is the power of Government to cease, mu]
the people td be thrown back into a state of
nature! Ihe Senator asks if tuxes could be
levied and collected m tobacco, in cotton, uud
other commodities! Undoubtedly they could,
it the necessity existed tor such an inconve
nient imposition. Such a ease of necessity
did exist in the colony of Virginia, and olh
er colonies, prior to itie Revolution, and taxes
worn accordingly levied m tobacco or other
commodities, us wolf-scalps, even at this day,
compose n part of the revenue of more than
one State.
1 li*j argument, thru, ol ifie Neiiator against
the light of iho Government to receive bank
notes in payment ot public ilui-s, u practice coe
val with the existence of tho Government, dot-:
not seem to me lo be sound, it is not ,i a'uralv,
for another reason. Hank notes, when convert!
bio at the wifi .ji tbc bolder into sp-cie, aro m
mucli couutod or told specie, like the specie
which is counted and put in marked kegs, deno
ting the quantity of their contents. The Sena
tor tells us that it has been only within a leu
d»y» that he has discovered that it is illegal to re.
ecive bank notes in payment of public duos.
Jjoea he think that lire usage of I tic Government
under sit its Administrations, and ivilh every par
ty ti» power, which has prevailed for nigh’ tif.y
vriirs, ought lo bo sot e-ide hy u novel tin u . ot
tjis.just dreamed into existence, even n it i ■
• »c,s the mi • I "f ii it. T - ..ndcr
consideration, ■ ' i ii. :/v.l iv the
Senator a-i prrlr- i . i ex *u u <■ an.l -1-i-itls,
s contains h j.ruvi l’i -t bat n.ilca sh.nl be re.«
• ccivtd in Jindni-.LieJ pis. >r. , . ilnriiii; •» term
of nix yearn. He himself introiliitcil that iden*
i tical principle. It ia the only part of the hill that
. 1 is emphatically his. How. then, can he corneiid
that it i« unconstitutional to receive hank notes)
1 in payment of public dues ? I appeal from him
self to himself. The Senator further contends,
i that general deposited cannot he made w ith hank),
i and he thus confounded with the general mass of
, the funds on which they transact business. The
, argument supposes that the money collected for
taxes must he preserved in identity; hut that is
1 impossible, often, to do. Moy not n collector
■ give the small change which he has received from
one lax payer to nriotln r tat payer loanable him
Ii to effect hi< payment? May he not change gold
, for silver, or r/cc r-crjci, or latch, il he lie a dis
. tanl collector, to obtain an undoubted remittance
] to tbe public Treasury I VVhtit, Mr. I’reaidcnl,
. is the process of making depo sites with banks?
t The deposilo is made, and a credit is entered tor
.. its amount to the Government. That credit is
C supposed to bo the exact equivalent of the amount
j deposited, ready and forthcoming to the Govern
, { merit whenever it is wanted for the purposes of
j disbursement. It is immaterial to the Govern*
. | ment whether it receives back again the identical
I | money put in, or other money of equal value.
u All that it wants is what it put in the bank, or
its equivalent; and that, in ordinary limes, with
’ such prudent hanks as alone ought to ho selcct
r id, il is sure of gelling. Again: the J reasury
• has frequently to make remittances to foreign
' c iunirii ■; to meet the expenditure necessary there
' for our naval squadrons, and other purposes. ,
They arc made to , ankers, I" 111- or
'* Ilia Rothschildin tire 1 bIU of exchange j
purchased in the mfliket by the agents of the Go- ;
vornment here, with money drawn out of the j
Treasury. Here is one entiversiori of tho money |
h j received from the lax gatherer into the TrcnsUiy. ;
’t The bill ) are transmitted to the honkers, honored, j
>’ paid, ami tho amount credited by them to the!
United Stales. \re the hankers hound to retain
0 tho proceeds of the bills in identity? Are they j
y bound to do more than credit the Government |
? lor an equal amount, for which they stand re
i- fpnndbln whenever it is wanted? Il they should
happen to n at any portion ol (hose very proceeds
( . ol hills reinilled to them in their bunking opera
tions, would it Ini drawing money from the Trcn
„ stiry, contrary to the provisions us the Gonslitu
e lion 1
The Senator from South Carolina contend)
that there is no constitutional power to contract
with the twenty five selected hanks, ns proposed
H in the substitute; yet tho deposite act of 18110,
• which obtained the hearty Approbation ofthat
c Senator, contained a similar provision; and the
- Vl , r y bill under consideration, so warmly supper
y ted by him, provides, under certain contingent
*, tics, foi contracts lo bo made with Spite banks,
1 to receive deposites of the public money upon
" e'irnpcnsntioM, He objects to the substitute, that
J it converts (wanly five State hanks into a systenr !
J of federal i nsl it ii t Ions; but tho employment of
i yi iii- insliliilions by the federal authority no
r mure makes them federal, than the employment
i of federal institutions by tho States converts
■ them into State insliliilions. This mutual at-I,
■ and this reciprocal employment of the several
institution:) nt the general and particular Govern
ments. i) one of tho results and beauties of our
admiral although complex system. Tho Gene
ral Government has tho nso of tho capilul, court
houses, pri :ens, and penitentiaries, in the several
-State". Do they, therefore, although the State
hanks may occasionally he used hy the federal
im'hority, their legal responsibility lo the several
-Stalen remains unimpaired. They continue to
1 ho accountable to them, aud their existence can
only I'O icrmildalcd or prolonged by the Slate
authority, /-nil being governed, as they are. by
corporate authority ' , m.7*>aling from, and amena
ble to State jurisdiction, end Vet under tho con
tro] ol tho Executive of tho Unite Slates, con
stitutes nt once a greater security «„'r I,*?** public
money, and more salcty to the public, litn-fty- 11 ,
has been argued that a separation of tho Govern 1
incut from the hanks will diminish the Executive J
I power, it must ho admiltoii that the custody of |
the public money in various banks, subject to the j
control of State authority, furnishes some check j
upon tho possible abuses of the Executive Go- I
vernnient. Hut tho argument maintains that j
lilt Executive has least power when it has m )at j
complete p asos-iun of the public Treasury! The i
Senator from South Carolina contends that the
separation in ques ion bring once effected, the
; relation of the Federal Government and the
I Slate hunks will lie antagunistical. 1 believe so,
■ Mr I‘icsidcnl. That is tho very thing I wish to
prevent 1 want them to live in peace, harmony |
and friendship, if they are antagonists, how te
it possible that tho Slate banks can maintain
their existence against tho tremendous influence
of this Government. 1 Especially, if tins Govern
ment should ho backed by such a vast Treasury
bank as I verdy believe this bill is intended to
create? Ami what becomes of tho argument
urged by the Senator from South Carolina, and
the hlk it i lion resolution olio red by him at an ear
ly peiiod of tho session, assetling that tho Gcae
| nil Government is bound to protect tho domestic
’ | institutions ol the several Slates!
1 I The substitute is not, I think, what the well
i j fate of the comilty requires. It may servo the
1 ; purpose ot a good half way house. Its accommn
! 1 da ions appear fair, and, with the feelings of n
. wearied travellei, one may he tempted lo slop
awhile and refresh himself there. 1 shall vote
i for it a) an amendment to tho bid, because j be
; lieve il the least o( two evils, if it should, indeed,
f inflict stay oil; or rather, because I feel myself
i in the position of a p un-nt lo whom the phvsi
, ciun putsui Is in one hand a ettp of arsenic, and
I in the other a cup of ptisan ; I reject the first, he
. ! eausoofthe instant death with which it is clung
, , rd ; I lake the latter, ns being, at the most, harm-
i less, and depend upon lhe[r/.v nuJicalrix tinlura,
t | It would have been o gnat improvement, in my
• opinion, if the inode of bringing about the re-
I sumption of specie payments, contained in the
j subs, ilule, were reversed ; lh.it is to say, if instead
! ol living on the Ist of July for resumption, il had
’ ! provided that the notes of a certain number of
| safe, sound, and unquestionable banks to be sc
■ - lode.l, should be forthwith received, l y the Gen
• oral Govermnenl, in |-.ayment of all dues; and
I ! that if the selected bunks did not resume, by u
' future designated day, tlieir notes should cease to
1| be taken. Several immediate fillets wolilJ ibl
, j low : Ist. Thu Government would withdraw from
• I the market as a competitor with tho limits for spe
,- j oie, and they would be left undo turbed to
. I strengthen themselves. And, ‘-idly, confidence
s would bo restored by taking off tho discredit and
r discountenance thrown upon till banks by the
- Government. And why should these notes not
,i ho so received I They are as good as Treasury
notes, if not bettor. They answer all tho pur
poses of the Slate Governments and the People.
I i’hey now would buy as much as specie could
' have commanded at the period of suspension.
I They could be dtshatsed by the Government,
j* j And, finally, the measure would be temporary,
j’ ! Hut the true and only etibacious and per
itnanonl remedy 1 solemnly believe, is to be
| found in a Hank ut the United Slates, proper
, ly organ;xcd and constitutid. Wo are told
I that siu-li a bank is fraught wills indescribable
iV t danger/und that the Government must, in the
, ! sequel, gel possession of the bank, or the
s- j bank of the Government. J oppose to these
it i imaginary! terrors the practice of forty years.
■. I I oppose lo them tne issue of the memorable
v contest, coniineiiced by the late President ol
fj the United .Stales, against the la to Hank of
■ I the Untied States. The administration ot
filial bank haft been \v ithHul scrimis fault. It
Lad given no just offence to the Government, I
towards which it] had faithfully performed j
every linancial duty. Under its aide and en
■ lightened president, it had fulfilled every an- :
' Lcipalitm which had coen lonncd by those
! who created it; President Jackson pronoun- |
ced the edict Dial it must f ill, and it did fall, !
■ against the wishes of an immense majority of j
; the i’eopleof the United dial os; against the ■
convictions of Us utility entertained hy a
large majority of the States; aijd to the pre
i judice ot the best interestsoftlic whole coun
| try. Ifnn innocent, unoffending, and hijrkly
beneficial insitution could be Isms easily des
troyed by the power of one man, where would ,
be the difficulty of crushing if. if it had given
' any real cause for just aaiiuadversion! final
ly, I oppose to these imaginary terrors the
i example deduciblo from English history.
There a hank has existed sirjcc the year 1094,
' I and neither has the hank got possession of ,
the Government, nor the Government ot the j
honk. They have existed in harmony togefh
! er, both conducing to the prosperity of that |
I great country;and they have so existed, and
| so contributed,because each has avoided cher- |
■ ;shing towards the other that wanton and j
I unnecessary spirit of hostility which was uru j
i fortunately engendered in the bosom of the ‘
I late President of the United State?.
I rnn admonished, air, by my exhausted strength, j
and by, I tear, your more exhausted patience, to
hasten to a dose. Mr. President, a great, novel,
anti untiicd measure is peracveiingiy urged upon
the acceptance of (Jongrcsa. That it is pr»*jj rian t
with ‘rnieiuloua consequences, for good or evil,
u undeniable, and admitted hv all. Wo fmnlv
I believe llnil it will be fatal to the best iuterrs's of
; this country, and ultimately subversive of its li.
! berth's, i ou, who have been greatly disappuin
| trj in other measures of orjuat promise, can only
hope, in die doubtful and uncertain future, that j
its operation may prove salutary. Since it was I
1 first proposed at the extra session, tbc whole I’eo
i pie have not had an opportunity of passing in
judgment upon it at lheir elections. As far an
ibey have, l hey have expressed their unqualified
disapprobation. From Maine to the Slate of Mis* I
sissippi, its condemnation has been loudly ihun->
dered forth. In every intervening election, the
Administration has been defeated, or its former
majorities ncu ralizrd. Maine lias spoken; New
York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, Uhodu Isl
and, Mississippi, and Michigan, all these States,
in tones and terms nolle be misunderstood, have
denounced tbu measure. Thu keystone State
(God bless her) has twice proclaimed htr rujcc
lion of it; once at the polls, and once through
her Legislature. Friends and foes of tbo Ad
ministration hove united in condemning it. And,
at the very moment when I am addressing you,
a large meeting of the bio supporters of the Ad
ministration, headed by the distinguished genii"
man tv ho presid -d in the electoral college which
gave the vole of that patriotic State to'President
Van Huron, are assembling in Philadelphia, to
protest solemnly against tbe passage of this bill,
i Is it right that, under such circumstances, it should
bo forced upon a reluctant but free and intelligent
People? Is it light llnil ibis Senate, constituted
as it now is, should give its sanction to the mea
sure? I say it in no disrespectful or taunting
1 sense, but wo aro entitled, according to the latest
I expressions of the popular will, and in virtue of
1 manifestations of opinion deliberately expressed
I by Slate Legislatures, to a vote of thirty five
I against the bill; and 1 am ready lo enter, with,
j any Senator friendly to the Administration, into
! details In prove the assertion. Will the Senate,
then, bring upon itself the odium of passing this
■ bill? I implore it to forbear, forbear! 1 appeal
ito the instructed Senators. Is this Government
mada lor us, or for thu People and the States
whoso agents wb arc ! Arc wo hot bound so to
ad ■mnisler it as to advance their welfare, promote
their piosprrity, ami give general satisfaction?
Will that sacred trust be fulfilled, if the known
sentiments of largo and respectable communities
are despised and contemned hy then whom they
' have scut here ! 1 call upon the'honorable So
, nutor from Alabama, (Mr. Ktxo.r with whom I
I so Jong bl'md in the public councils, shout
' dcr to shouidcr, boa.t'P ike honor and the gin
jry of tins great JVaple, to U i me IIOW to their res
j cue. I call upon ali the Senators; L. us bury,
j deep and forever, the character of tho parl.'nn.
; rise up patriots and statesmen, break the v..P I
chains of party, throw the fragments to tho winds,
and feel the proud satisfaction that wo have made
but a small sacrifice lo the paramount obligations
which we owe our common country.
j : *wr~cr.'W' a■wrmn;r.yrowi
! CHRONICLE AND aKNITNBL.
Thwrsfiny itlsrui ng, April 5.
Tho Convention.
This body adjourned yesterday evening, at five
o'clock, after a session of three days, and a sitting
yesterday alone of seven hours without interims
j shut.
We give in the proceedings of that body the
j resolutions as they were adopted; the report will
| bo published in a lew days.
Wo have not lime now to epos!; of lire con
'notion or its proceedings, and must defer it un
til another day—A more respectable body otrneu
as to character and intelligence wo have never
seen in session.
Qj 1 The names following Delegates to the
Convention should have appeared in yesterday's
paper, but wore omitted through mistake.
' j Darien —James Holmes.
. I ii'iistii— Peter lieimoeh, Samuel Halo. Win
| W Holt.
//; .id'.vi-'v.r ■ —J.t.-. Gernnny, Dryau W Col
| licr.
II n short Knock Ilyne, Alex Carswell.
is!l .A' C —H P Feck.
I,:slnf Candidates lor Members of the City
Council in tho different Wards, ntthc election
which takes place on Monday, Otli April, ISHS
i I fit nl .Vo. !.
GAIiEV F. PARISH.
, PHILIP CRUMP,
WILLIAM E. JACKSON
I MITCHELL NELSON,
RICHARD F. HUSH.
W. C. DILLON.
Wart/ .Vo. 2.
Jill WARREN,
A CU.M MING,
1 JOHN HONES,
s M THOMPSON,
M M DYE,
llhinl ,\‘o. 3,
H. 1! KIRTLAND,
F. H. COOK.
; A. G. HULL,
AY. «. XIMMO,
It. W. FORCE,
JAMES H. BISHOP,
, Wanl .Vo. 1.
C. H. HITT,
1,. P. DUGAS;
A, J. MILLER,
JOHN HILL.
WM P DKARMOND.
, Mcfchnat j' L out eniiou.
i he Convention met yesterday at tb o clock,
according to previous adjournment.
Tiio following additional Delegates appeared,
registered their names, and took their seals :
Columbus —J. IS. Calhoun, John H. Howard,
| A. P. Clayton.
j Tmccdoosa, .lla. —A. M. Robinson.
HI. J'eters Parish, Beaufort Dint, i. C. —
| J. haitigue.
Wilmington, oV. C. —Walter Owynn.
Brunswick —A. L. King.
Fayetteville, ,V. C. —W. Winslow.
W ashington co. —Win. F. Pournell.
| .Macon —L. L. Griffin.
Waynesboro —.lno. Whitehead, William Dyne
dim. C Poythreac.
■ Edgefield —John C. Allen.
Charleston —Thus, Dennett, Chas. Lowndes.
Mr. Robinson, of Tuscaloosa, presented the
proceedings of the citizens of that place, approb
atory of the objects ot the Convention, which
were read, & on motion of Mr. \ an Landingharn,
ordered to bo entered on the minutes of the Con
vention.
Gen Havnjj, from the Committee of 31, made
a lengthy report of great clearness and ability, on
the subject <-f the objects of the Convention,
accompanied by a set of resolutions. Tee report
being read,
Mr Memm inoeu rose and addressed the Con
vention in a speech of considerable length, and
of eminent ability, on the causes which have
; conspired to break down the direct foreign trade
| of the South, and the remedies tube resorted to
| to revive i'.
(Wo shall endeavor to give a sketch of this
j speech to-morrow— {Ed. Citron. Hi Sen.)
Judge Lonosthekt followed Mr Mommingot,
I and addressed the Convention for some time,
j Judgj .McDonald, also addressed the Con
vention, and proposed a substitute for some of the
resolutions of tho Committee, so u« to recom
mend the incorporation of a Dank in the South
of 10 millions capital, but alter some discussion
between Mr Milson, Mr Gumming and himself,
ho withdrew if.
Alter a good deal of discussion upon the dif
ferent resolutions and amendments offered to,
them, they were finally passed in the following
form. V,
j 1. dissolved, That a direct trade is tho natu-.
: ral channel of communication between nations,
' which oiler to each other the best market for their
I natural productions ; and that the intervention
;of a third party must operate as a tax upon tho
1 exchanges between 11)001.
k. Resolved, That the Southern and South-
I western Stales of this union afford those staples
with which are purchased nearly tho whole for
eign imports of tho country; that they arc the
consumerb of a large portion of these imports,
and ought naturally themselves to furnish tho
channel through which tho exchange is made;
that on no occasion have their citizens been found
incapable cf maintaining themselves in fair com
pelitnm with other sections, and that the diver
sion of their trade from its natural channels,
must have been brought about by the unequal
action of the federal government, or by the ab
straction of our people towards other pursuits.
li. Resolved, That in tho opinion of this Con
vention such a stale of things should no longer
continue; that the present condition of the com
mercial relations of lire country, and tho dlstup- 1
lion of the existing channels of trade, afford an
opportunity of breaking down the trammels
which have so long fettered our commerce, and
of restoring to tho South its natural advantages
and that it is incumbent upon every man, wire
has at heart the good of Ins country, to lend his
best exertions to the promotion of those objects
and to establish our trade upon a sound and per
manent basis.
4. Resolved, That this Convention h fully
awaro of the difficulties to be overcome in the
prosecution of llioir enterprise; but nothing daun
ted 'hereby, and fully relying upon lire public
"spirit and '-alcus co-operation of their fellow cit
izens "they are Jolermined to advance with unti
ring perseverance'; and with that view, do earn
estly recommend tils' adoption of the to.lowing
measures. _ . .
l, That an effort should bk tr!<>d« •° a,lord tr>
the importers and purchasers at Southern sea
ports, the same facilities winch arc or,, ted eb'e
where; mid with this view it is rocomhn.’tmod
that the .'darks in the seaports should immediate'
ly apply a portion of their respective capitals, to
the purchase ot fort.'un exchange, jrnd tu tho
procurement of crodnu od fund* •}* l.urope; and
that they should afford tho Us. M die same to the
; importing merchant upon a disco or collater-
I al pledge of such good paper as he may take
1 from lire merchants of the interior, and U.'.’d dr is
] accommodation lie afforded as well upon p%m ,r
having more than six months to run, as upon |
that having less; and that the Banks of the into • |
rior co operate by collecting and remitting the
proceeds ot such paper to the banks on the sea j
coast, that Urey maintain the credit of their i
Dill- and keep down the exchanges by redeem- i
ing their oWn paper at the sea ports; and that on
1 the other hand, the Banks in the Southern Allan-
I tic Cities make arrangements by w hich the notes
! of all of them shall be at par in each.
‘I. That with a view (o the important subject
i ot equalizing the exchanges between Southern,
I Southwestern States and Territories, this con.
j vention earnestly recommend to the various
banks of tiro principal cities of these States,
cr such as may be conveniently located, to re
ceive lire lulls ot each other in their general bit
i siness.aiui to adopt such arrangements for scttlo
mcn:s, at short periods, as they may deem suit
j able and proper ; tire Banks against whom tiro
balance should fall to furnish funds for settling
the rainc, or to pay an interest of six per cent,
fiotn tho period of settlement, and that a com
mittee of live ho appointed to take such mea
sures as in their judgement will carry fully into
i effect the proceeding recommendations.
3. That the Merchants of the South and South-
West, be earnestly recommended to give prefer
ence to tho importers in their own markets, and
| that they afford them an opportunity of fair com
j petition with other sections, by making their first
calls fur purchases at Southern and South-Wes
tern seaports; and on the other hand, that the
Merchants at tho sea-ports shall forthwith, set
about importing such stocks of goods, as will on,
i sure, at fair rates a supply to the demand from
the inerehan’s <>t i ; i ■ inti nor,
4. Tli.it - ,oid united ellort should be
made to dr ... bone tho capital invested by the
South in 1 s and (loiiipanies abroad : and to
c nploy it.i f line, to reilier with such surplus cap
ital ns exists at home, nr mercantile operations;
and that with (bis view men of influence and
I.aracler be earnestly invited to afford the bene
i lit of their example, by entering into Limited
i’.irliikTships, under lire laws lately passed by the
t’esi t \ irgitna, South Carolina, Georgia, Ala
bama, 1 ennesseu and Florida.
1 hat this Convention cannot but view w ith
deep p regret, the neglect ot all commercial pur
suttswhich has hitherto prevailed among the
_\oulh ot our country, and which has necessarily
thrown its mod imp, rant interests into the hands
->t those whoj by feeling and habit arc led inm
. commercial c mnexions elsewhere. Tins C.«n
mention, therefore, cannot too earnestly recom
mood the speedy adoption by all their fellow
citizens ot measures to introduce commercial edu-!
cation among our youth; to tiuin them up to ha- i
bits ol bus ness, and thereby to establish a body i
ot merchants whose every interest and feeling 1
shall he centered in the country which has rear
ed and sustained them.
o. Resolved, I hat this convention is of opin
ion that 1 1 10 establishment by manufacturers in
foreign countries of agencies in the chief southern
ports, lor the sale of the vati ms articles exported
by them to the United Stales, would conduce to
the restoration of the direct foreign trade of the
south, and that similar establishments for the sale
of domestic manufactures would also be desirable,
6. Resolved, That a committee of five be ap
pointed to prepare an address to the people of
the southern and southwestern stales, urging
upon them the expediency of giving their hearty
co-operation in the accomplishment of the great
object of this convention.
7. Resolved, That when this Convention ad
journs, it shall adjourn to meet at Augusta on
the third Monday in October next, and that a
committee of correspondence he appointed,
whose duty it shall be to take the proper mca«
surcs to enlist the feelings of the people, and se
cure a cordial co-opeiauon on the part of the
States interested in the objects of this Conven
tion, hnd to secure a full representation from eve
ry pan of those stales.
8. Resolved, That it is recommended to the
members of this convention, to assemb'e the ci
tizens of their counties or districts, and place be
fore them their proceedings, ami urge upon them
the expediency of promoting the measures recom
mended by this convention, and particularly of
forming Limited Partnerships, under the laws
pass'd by the southern slates, as aforesaid.
Dili Whereas tho completion of the line pf com
munication by Kail Hoads, connecting the South
ern Atlantic Cities with the groat Valley of the Mis
sissippi, is the most prominent and efficient meas
ure to promote the useful and patriotic objects
which has culled this Convention together, there
fore,
Resolved, That this Convention is deeply ami I
solemrih impressed with the transcendent tmpor- j
tnnee of the groat works of Internal Improvement ■
which are intended to effect this mtc reouimumca- t
tion, anti do most earnestly invoke tho people of |
tho Southern and Sou h Western States to bring j
all their energies and resources to bear upon this ;
vital point, not doubling that such efforts will |
crown with brilliant success the noble enterprizo.
On motion of Mr. Pinckney,
Resolved, That the members of this Conven
tion. in recommending tho aforesaid resolutions,
to their constituents of the southern and south
western stales, will afford to them the most un
doubted pledge of their sincerity, by adopting
them as a rule of their own conduct, hereby do' |
dating in the most solemn manner, in the temple j
of the Most High, that in all commercial dealings I
they will give preference to the direct importer,
and zealously endeavor, in all cases, to carry out
the views and recommendations of this conven
tion. •
Votes of thanks to tho Presbyterian Church —
to the citizens of Augusta—to the President of
tho Convention—to the Secretary—and to tho
Chairman of tho committee of 31 were severally
unanimously adopted.
Mr. Botcb moved that the proceedings be
printed at the expense of tho Charleston Delega
tion under authority of tho Convention.
Mr. Msm'■ i.voea moved that tho President
, have time to appoint tho various committees un
der the resolutions and announce them through
the public Gazettes.
The convention then adjourned sine die.
Dinner to the Members of tho Convention. ;
Last evening ftt half past t> o’clock, the mom- l
i befs of the Convention sat down to a splendid
dinner at the Masonic Hall, given hy the citizens
tof Augusta, and provided by Mr Hatty of the
Clobo Hotel.
JOHN THINIZV, the Mayor of the city,
presided, assisted tty tho following gentlemen ns
j Vice Presidents,
j Misstia. Samuel Hals,
Gr.y. V. Walker,
Dll. A, CUNNINGHAM,
Jso. Domes.
EttwAtin Thomas,
Paul Fitzsimmons,
E. 13. Beall,
SaML. CunKE,
Ahvm Johnston,
Antirew J. Miller,
James W. Davies,
After 'ho cloth was removed the following rc
-1 B plar toast; were drank.
REGULAR TOASTS.
i 1. Our coUti/’y —'i'be whole must prosper,
j when every part takes fare of ‘tsell
2. The Convention —May the succc'* a pf its
1 measures, equal the patriotism that prompted, oik?
1 the ability that has matured them.
I g Houlhern Commerce —With Southern re
need only arouse Southern ehtef
sourccs, s*. j
prise to tho ri^cuc.
| 4. The Northern S/J'cs-Uct us show that
j in honorable entcrprizJ, brothei * com l ,cte
| and be brothers still.
5. Old Virginia —ln the career of improve
meat may she “never tire.”
Aftci the three rounds of loud and long ap
plause which succeeded this sentiment, Mr. Mil-
I sox, of Norfolk, rose and returned his acknow
ledgments in behalf of himself and his colleagues
lor tho compliment paid to Virginia. He regretted
that the “old Dominion” was but partially repre.
| senled, but with a modesty and earnestness
i which betokened his sincerity, be pledged that
j llto proceedings of the convention would meet
; with a response in every quarter of the
Stale. Ho concluded, nl,cr addresing
; the company for a few minutes in a very hand
| some ami appropriate manner by offering the fol
lowing sentiment,
The Augusta declaration of Independence of
1 April 4, 1838; worthy of the sacred pledge of “our
‘ lives, our fortunes and our sacred honor.”
R. North Carolina —,SVie cannot falter in the
. strife for commercial independence, who was th«
t first to proclaim independence Irotn Colloidal
1 1 thraldom.
The enthusiasm wi h which this sentiment
? ; was received,called up Mr Winslow one of the Dc
' | legates from Fayettville who in a happyand beatt
’ i tiful manner addressed the company for a few
. j minutes. Ho spoke as a North Carolinian
I j should; both of his own modest and unassuming
■ 1 State and of her sister Southern Slates, and cons
‘ : eluded by offering as a compliment to South Ca
j rolina the following sentiment
Ron Geo .McDuffie. —The liberal statesman,
i 1 the eloquent gentleman; tho man whom South
■ Carolina delights to honor.
This toast called up Gov. AtcDnffie who ex
pressed his gratification at the quarter from which
- ' the compliment proceeded, and iht; manner in
■ j which it tva* cn >r.-e Ihy the romp my.-—Alter
j lUf af “' v "‘‘‘iUtM in enlighten d .train* in
I relalion to the »' rea | 01‘jecla of the Convention.
| he concluded t>y offering the following sentiment.
The Southern and South Western Stales—
! United in their commercial and poliiical desti
ny.—“united they stand divided they lull.’’
7 South Carolina —Ever ready in spirit ari j I
I resources, let industry rival the chivalry of her I
sons and she stands the first among her equals, y
After the applause produced by this toast hi)*. I
subsided. Col. Memminceu arose and respondent
to the compliment in a handsome and eloquent
manner. He spoke like a man and a patriot, a
worthy son of chivalrous Carolina. His is a
heart that knows no feelings of party where his
country is concerned, and a tongue lavish of the
sweetest and loftiest eloquence in behalf of the
1 common good. Carolina—nay, the whole south
may well point to him as one of her brightest
jewels. He concluded by olleriiig the following
sentiment;
The State of Georgia —The sent’Jof hospitali
ty aid public spirit; standing between the
mountains and the ocean, may her sons advance
with vigor to forgo the last link in the chain which
is to bind together with iron the Atlantic and the
Mississippi. *
The least was greeted with long applause,
which having subsided. Col. Tho’s Butler King
arose and responded to it in a handsome manner
and concluded by offering.
The interests of the South and South-West—
*VV hat God has joined together, let not man tear
assunder.”
8 .h'ahama —A thrifty scion from Georgia,
her parent stock ; may they flourish or fall to
-1 gethcr.
Mu. Rodinkox, of Tuscaloosa arose and ad
dressed the company in behalf of his colleagues
j and the State of Alabama, in n very happy and
j attractive manner, eliciting great applause and
I concluded with the following sentiment.
The Union of the States —Best maintained bv
each of lire confederating [towers maintaining its
own strength ant! its own respectability.
0 Florida —Soon to add another flower to the
garland of our Union.
Col. Long, one of the Delegates from
responded to this sentiment in a short but appro
priate speech. Ho returned his thanks both for
the compliment to llio Territory and for thn gal
j lant assistance rendered to its citizens by the vo.
j luwteers of Georgia and S. Carolina. Ho gave
the following toast in reply.
The Volunteers of South Carolina and Geor
gia—Noble, generous, brave; always ready at,
the call of their country to breast them to the
shock in defence of their unfortunate and do
fenceless fellow citizens.
10. Georgia —Her maxim is, to act and
talk afterwards.
Judge Losgstiikkt arose to respond to this
toast. Ho thought a response would perhaps
come belter from some one who had quarrelled
with Georgia less—it could not come from ono
who loved her more. He alluded in the hap
piest manner to many acts on the part of Geor
gia illustrating the truth of tho toast that “Geor
gia acts first and talks afterwards.” Ho was re
j pc itedly interrupted by the most lively applause,
elicited from an amused and delighted audience,
declaring that his motto was “Georgia, I’ll havo
her right if I can, but Georgia right or wrong."
lie gave—
The I.lon Gobi T Hague —Tho man fra adiotr'
his political opponents ascribe the bent ofbanrU,.
and bis political friends the best of heads.
Gen. Hat.vk arose and addressed the compa
ny in a most eloquent and happy manno-. W
1 can convey no adequate idsa of tho speech, or
! the orator, and shall not attempt it. Every body
knows Robert \. Hay no, and wo can only say
that he was on this occasion fully himself. Ap
plause after applause marked his words; and ho
j concluded by off ring the following toast.
The cilie s of Charleston and Augusta, —
Brought into neighborhood by tho South Caroli
na Rail Road, may the friendship which now
animates the bosoms of their citizens be perpetual.
11. The Southern States not represented in
this Convention —Silent, the' twice called, stef
summon them yet again.
12. The Union of the Atlantic and the Jf'es
-5 I tern Waters —lts object, like that of tho first
? 1 union solemnized in the Garden of Eden, to bo
fruitful nnd multiply and replenish the earth.
A large .number cf volunteer toasts were il a
■ given, of a highly patriotic character,interspersed
with songs and stories of an enlivening charac
-1 ter, but wo cannot attempt to report them now.
1 I Tho company adjourned at a seasonable hour,
and in the best order.
jaAHIJfJB INTEL LICENCE.
SAVANNAH, April j,—-_\rrßrsliij> Dorothon: Kec.
irr, Dundee; Hark l.ngniiige, Boride, N Y; brig- Romu
lus, English, Providence; schr Mcdora, Caleb, B alii more
schr Coiner, Mickorson, do,
’ | CHARLESTON, April •!.—Arr, ship Konobassett,
I Pavia Liverpool Brship China, Larmour, do: Hr hwrk
1 Green how, Bishop, Liverpool: schr compeer,frthack
•j ford, Baltimore; schr Gohasstlt, dears, Baltimore.
. j Cleared, brig Bussell, Mathews, Bavre,hrig Herriett
• Bruinard, Stihy, Bordeaux, line brig G n Pinckney,
. Ford. Rrltimore,schr Meridian, Kent, Apalachicola,schr
Albeit, Mallows, Aprlachicola.
I Went rosea yesterday, U L brig; Jones, Hull, New
, Yerk, Line brig; Gen Pinckney, Ford, Baliiniuro; brig
Enterprice. Holmes, Mew Orleans via Key West, brig
’ Empress, Litt!e7eld, Apalachicola; schr Van
Ayres, Apalarhicoln; steam packtt North Carolina, Key
nolds, Wilmington, (N C.)
NEGROES FOR SALE.
| f lII[R subscriber bus just received nnd for sale, in
r m. Hamburgh, 00 likely Virginia Negroes, the best
that has been in market lor some time. Among
them are first mto House Servants nnd Field Hands.
? also some very likely Flow Hoys, Cooks, Washers
> and Ironers, which he is disposed to sell at the low*
est market prices; also three first rate Seamstresses.
I N. 1C He will continue to receive bv every orn
i val, an addition to his number until Iho first of June,
i Persons wishing to purchase Negroes will do we
1 to rail on him before purchasing elsew here, us he is
. j determined to sell at the lowest market P rl ™V
mar 2'J. I2t BLNJ. DAVIS.
' i Recorder, Macon Messenger,
: • and Columbus Enquirer, will publish the above six
I times and charge their accounts to this office
v ’ LAW NOTICE.
’ JOHN U. OVER, Attorney at Law,
Montickllo, Georgia.
- llTlU.praclice in the counties of Jasper, Jones, f
\\ Putnam, Morgan. Green ;
the Ocmulgoe Circuit ;an I Monroe, Tin tu, Hn >
’ ami Newton of the Flint < iremt.
i references.
A vgUßta
' Pol• Wm. T. Goulil,g"" 1 11' 1 - Burk'y & Co
-| .1 &T. W. Miller, "• H- Crane,
, Uuihhono Baker. .
1 . .%>«• I nrk.
1 i Bmilli, Mill. ACo Uab- r , Johnson A Co.
rjjmlff Hiotw— I,"