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mbi" ■■■■■ar <»»-j- —■ nirirr——win a ■ hm— WKmaggttimmnm^mm^ammmmm —■»————^ lIP WItLIA.II E. JONES. AUGUSTA, GEO., SATURDAY HORNING AUGUST 4, ISStit [Tri-w«ckly.]--V«I. 11-Ni. 04. Published ( ’ DAILY. TRI WEEKLY AND WEEKLY, 1 At ,Yo. Broad Street. Terms.—Daily pnpei, Ten Dollars per annum in advance. Tri-weekly paper, at Six Dollars in advance orscven at the end of the year. Weekly paper,threo dollars in advance, or four at the end of the year. The Editors and Proprietors in tins city have adopted the following regulations : 1. After the Ist day ol July next no subscrip tion* wdl be received, out of the city, unless paid in advance, or a city reference given, unless Ihe blame be forwarded by an agent ol the paper. '2. After that date,-we will publish a list of those who are one yearn or mole in arrears, in order to let them know how their accounts stand, and all thaM so published, who do not pay up their ar rears by the Ist of Jan. 1839, will be alriken off the subscription list, and their names, residences, and the amount they owe, published until settled, the accout will be published, paid, which will an swer as a receipt. 3. No subscription will be allowed to remain unpaid after the Ist day of January 1839, more • than one year; but the name will be striken oft'the list, and publ shed as above, together with the ' amount due. ■ 4. From and after this date, whenever a subscri ber. who is in arrears, shall be returned by a post ., master as having removed, or refuses to lake his paper out of the post office, Ins name shall be pub ; « fished, together with bis residence, the probable place he lias removed to, and the amount due; and when a subscriber himself orders lus paper discon j tinned, and requests lus account to be forwarded, the same shall be forthwith forwarded, an J unless paid up within a reasonable lime (the facilities of the mails being taken into consideration, and Ihe , dist ancc of las residence from this place) lus name, andthe amount due, shall be published ns above. 6. Advcrlisements wdl be inserted at Charleston $ prices, with this difference, that the fi st insertion , will be 75 cents, instead of 65 cents per square of Kse 1 twelve lines. 6. Advertisements intended for the country, should be marked ‘inside,’ which will also secure their . insertion each time in the inside of the city paper, and will ho charged at ihe rate of7scts per square ■ [ lor the first insertion, and 65 cents lor ouch subsc- Uy. -quern insertion. It not marked‘inside,’ they will be placed in any part of the paper, alter the first fjjgj. .insertion, to suit ilie convenience of I lie publisher, and chargcii at Inc rate of 75 cents for the first in v*. seition, and 431 cents fur each subsequent inser tion. I 7- All Advertisements not limited, will bo pub r lished in every paper until forbid, and charged ac / ’ carding to the above rates 8. Legal Advertisements will bo published as follows per square; Admr’s and Executors sale of Land or Negroes, 60 days, SO 00 Do do Personal Property, 40 ds. 3 25 Notice to Debtors and Crs, weekly, 40 ds. 3 25 ‘Citation fur Letters, 1 00 do do Dismisory, monthly 6 mo. 500 Four month Notice, monthly, 4 mo. 4 00 Should any of the above exceed a square, they ■will be charged in proportion. 9. From mid after the first day of Jan. 1839, no yearly contracts, except for specific advertise • nients, will be entered into. 10. We will ba responsible lootherpapers for all advertisements ordered through ours to be copied by them, and if advertisements copied by us from other papers will be charged to the cilice from which the request is made to copy, and will receive gjay for the same, according to their rates, and be -responsible according to our own, 11. Advertisements sent to us from a distance, witlt an order to bo copied by olher papers, must bo accompanied with the cash to the amount it is desired they should bo published in each paper, or a responsible reference A— OUIIOHIOLII A Mil «WWTI MI.'I AUGUSTA. Friday Morning, August 3, STATE RIGHTS TICKET FOR COXGIUtSS. WM, C. DAWSON, R. W. HABERSHAM, J. C. ALFORD, W. T. COLQUITT, E. A. NISBET, MARK A. COOPER, THOMAS BUTLER KING, EDWARD J. BLACK, LOTT WARREN. Speech ol Mr. Dawson. We commence to day Ihe publication of the excellent speech of the Hon. W. C Dawson, of this Stale, delivered in the House of Repre sentatives on she 31st of May, 1838, on the bill making appropriation for the suppression and prevention of Indian hostilities for the year 1938; and to carry into execution the Treaty made ■with the Cherokee Indians in 1835, &c. His defence of Georgia and her rights is such an one aeevety Georgian will applaud; and which wilj eccurc to hint the increased confidence and •ateem of the people. Wo hope that no Geor gian will neglect a careful perusal of it. for in so doing they will be both interested and instructed- The negro George, the property of Pleasant Stovall, Esq, who was tried before the judges of the Inferior Court, on Tuesday last, lor commit* ting a rape on a white female, was found Guilty, and sentenced to bo hung this day week between the hours of 10 A M, and 3 P. M. tfj" The amount of property destroyed by the recent fire in Mobile is said to be about $100,000; of which $56,000 was covered by insurance. Fire in New Orleans. The house of Capt. W. Brothers, at the corn et of Terpsichore and Prylaneo streets, New Orleans, was totally destroyed by fire on the evening of the 28th. Lobs estimated at $3OOO - John Jacob Aslor, with an enlightened and liberal spirit that does him honor, has made to the corpoialion of the city of New York a dona tion amoun'ing to $350,000, for the establish ment of a Public Library, including- a lot of land, most eligibly situated, for the erection of h build ing- for the accommodation of the institution. Mineral Wealth of Nortli-Caroiinn. A correspondent of tho Wilmington Adverti ser says :—A lighter arrived from Fayetteville on the 25th July, brought here to be shipped to N. York, sundry boxes of Lead Ore and several pigs of lead, from ihe mines recently discovered in Davidson County. From the specimens we have , seen, this lead is of very superior quality, and wc are pleased to learn that the mineral is an exten aive one and trust it will handsomely remunerate ita enterprising discoverer and present owner, K R. King, Esq. who also, it will be remembered I discovered the valuable Coppm Mines fiom which quantities of copper arc constantly being sent to ! this place f.,r shipmen' ” F- ‘ .» . * • i ' ~ Oeo. W. Hockley, Secretary of War of I lie Republic ol Texan, has given notice that all olfi cera belonging to the Army of Texas, on furlough in the United States, or elsewhere, will report forthwith to this department, by letter or in per son. We understand (says the Army and Navy Chronicle) that Lieut. Col. Pierce declines the promotion and tiansfer to the Bth regiment o* Infantry, which had been bestowed upon him, preferring to remain in the Artillery. Fiiom Canada. —Col. Moreau was tried by jo , ry at Niagara, convicted and sentenced to be hung on the 30th August. The Court adjourned to the Ist August, when 30 more will bo tried. George Cooley, an American, was tried and convicted of treason. The Montreal papers contradict the report that Lord Durham had declared himself in favor of a union of the provinces. % A messenger with despalches from his Lord ship arrived in this city last night. The des patches will he forwarded by the Royal William Life Preserving Vest. A new fashioned life preserver, in the shape of an ordinary waistcoat, has been invented at Hart ( ford, Con. It is made like any common vest, i with the exception that the breast and a portion ' of the hack arc lined with India rubber, which ' can be inflated by the breath in a few moments, 1 and as welt in the water as out of it. It is not ( intended that these shall he put on only when , immediate danger threatens, but worn at all limns I when traveling on the water, us the India rubber, when uninflated, does not injure the appearance. I —Baltimore American, r < Coal .11 1 no explosion. ! Halifax papers mention the occurrence of a j melancholy accident at the Pictou Mines. Two l young men, both about 22 years of age, were dcs t cending into one of Ihe now range of [tits recent - ly sunk by the company, for the purpose of direc ting the course of some others who were at woik completing a communication with the wa ’ ter pit intended to drain the new coal pits. They had not descended above 30 feet, when one of i them announced that his safety lamp indicated a heavy pressure of gas. This announcement was instantly followed by a terrilic explosion, by 1 which the two young men were thrown into the | air to the height of 150 leet.—lnstant death was i of course the result. At the time the explosion i occurred, the mouth of the pit was surrounded 1 by people, eight of whom were severely wounded, am) an old man whom curiosity attracted to the spot, was so severely injured that he died almost immediately after. Fruits of Abolition We learn from Adams county, Illinois, of an i unfor'unate affray; connected with the bad spirit 1 existing in that quarter, between the Abolition ' isls and anti-Abolilionista, Two citizens of Boone county; in this State, had pursued two of , their runaway slaves to Bear creek, in the neigh i herhood o( Quincy. When satisfied of their i being discovered, the negroes, both of whom were ■ armed with rifles, took shelter in a hazel thicket. Their letreat was soon surrounded by the citi zens, who had engaged in the pursuit. As soon ?;S the attack win nf »t.n .. ircoTus rifle, the contents of which were lodged in the body of one of the pursuers. The wound is said to he extremely dangerous. A shot from the pursuers struck the body of one of the slaves, and ho died in a few hours afterwards. The other runaway, seeing resistance hopeless, gave himself up to his owner, A parly of Abolitionists, who had by this time collected, now interfered to prevent the slave from being taken back to his master’s residence.— They insisted upon an examination before a mag istrate, the proof of ownership, &c. hoping some opportunity would bn given for the rescue or cs tape of the slave. The aiili-Abolitionists oppos ed any such proceeding; until from words the parlies proceeded to blows, which were given and returned with hearty good will. In the confu sion of the scene, the owner of the slave was cb, ahlcd to secure him on a horse, and made his es cape to the ferry at Hannibal, which he crossed on his way home. The parlies militant were ' left fighting when our informant came away.— St. Louis Republican. A striking instance of the value of the Life boat, constructed by Mr. Francis of New York was shown in the bay ot New York on Tues - day. The Express stales that a few moments after the sailing of the packet ship Louis Phillippc, two men attempted to overtake her to pul on board a Ln‘o iJoul, * lU| l' * or * 1 i er > being unable to do so, made fast unucT (■“d guard of the Staten Island steamboat, in order to be towed ahead ot the ship so as to board her. The boat being made fast 100 near the wheels was completely buried in water, and thrown about with such violence by the sea, that it was thought best lo cut her loose. She was now half a mile from the shore, full ol water, and a heavy sea running. Notwith standing tliis, she relieved herself of water, rose to the surface, and tiie men pulled her to the shore in safety. The boat is only 12 feel long, built for the Louis Phillippe for the pur pose of throwing overboard when a man falls over. The men say, if they had been in any other kind of a boat, they must have been drowned. The wind was so high, that a sail boat was upset a short distance oft', at the same moment. No steamboat nor packet vessel ought to be without one or more of these valuable in ventions. They are so constructed that it is impossible to sink them with all the weight of human beings that can be crowded into them.— Balt. Amer. One Thousand Dollars Reward. Absconded on the 25th inat. from Washington City the Sub* Treasury, taking with him six receivers generals and forty aeven sub (receivers, and six dozen iron safes, “Where he is gone or purposes to travel, Would puzzle John Fuustus to unravel." Some say to the Far West, others lo the Thou sand Islands, some declare they saw him on hoard the Great Western.—The proprietor of Coney Island writes us, 'that on Monday morning ho saw a suspicious looking fellow answering the above description, with a retinue of hungry look ing chaps; orders were given immediately to clear them out, and the proprietor has no doubt but they shaped their course for New Hampshire, where it is understood a vessel is rapidly fitting out for Arabia. The above reward will be paid in Benton gold, lo him or they, who may apprehend the above villain and safely lodge him in jail. P. 8. The officers of the strainer Sirius will k ep a vigilant look out for him.—A*. Y. Star , I iVfOTICE. —The undersigned, retired from the j it mercantile association heretofore conducting , business in this city, und r the name and style of ■ R f - Baldwin, on the 25th of July, tint.’ WILfJVM RMfMNSON. ' Augusta, July 31, ]«3b 3i . . * Speech of W. C. DAWSON, of Georgia, On the Hill making appropriation fur the sup pression and prevention of Indian hostilities, far the year 1838, and to curry into execution the Treaty made with the Cherokee Indians in 1835, and to provide for their Itemoval, tie.; and in vindication of the policy of Geor gia towards the Cherokees. —Delivered in the House of Representative!, in Committee of the Whole, May 31, 1838. Mr. Chairman: I am sure dial the com mittee will cheerfully indulge me with a hear ing on the bill now before us. The extra ordinary latitude taken in the discussion, the unkind if not illiberal imputations, yea, the unprovoked and provoking attacks, repeatedly made upon the authorities of Georgia, in re ference to the policy of that State towards the Indians within iter jurisdiction, nut only justify, hut demand it of me. Sir, I deeply regret the temper and character ot this dis cussion; it lias given me no pleasure to hear such representations of the legislation of the State ot Georgia. I heard, with surprise, the extravagant and enthusiastic eulogies pro nounced on the Indians in contrast with the whiles. Such unnecessary and highly wrought comparisons and contrasts can only result from a total ignorance of the subject, or from a prurient disposition to be esteemed the bold assailants of the supposed oppres sors and the vindicators of the oppressed; a propensity which must have many charms, from the influence it seems to exert over some gentlemen. These things would ren der it inexcusable in me to remain silent. The attacks thus made on my constituents, a just sense of the injury and of tho resentment due to such ruthless violations of tho respect due to the feelings of others, by such ground, less and unconrteous allegations, would make me recreant to rny duty, and a traitor to my constituents, if 1 were to remain silent. Ho - nor, feeling, justice, and humanity have been spoken of as being d sregarded, in the rela tions between the white and the red man in Georgia, by those who do not understand those (relations, and, consequently, deserve severe reprehension for their slanderous de nunciations. Independent of these urgent considerations, it is due to the position Toc cupy as a representative of the Htute of Geor gia, audio those who particularly sent me here, that I should present the views 1 enter tain on the subject. 1 will show that Geor gia, in her legislation, has uniformly observed a cautious and just regard (or the interest of the Indians; controlled them by the princi ples of humanity and justice; and that, what ever kindness and liberality (compatible with the rights of the Slate) would dictate, lias been done. To comprehend fully the rights of Georgia to all the territory and the jurisdiction over it within her chartered limns, and to present her vindication fairly, it will be necessary to ex amine into the rights belonging to the States separately tcfore vlje (ormuugn of vhe PeCl-i ral Constitution. I shall then show what has been our State policy, and that this policy has not been in violation of, or incompatible with, ajust, a wise, and a liberal humanity. 11l this 1 shall coniine mysell chiefly to re corded lacis, so uim, ii iiiy constitutional po sitions be wrong, or the policy of the Stale be ciuel or oppressive, both can |, R m-ily controverted. The first position which I shall assume, and which 1 deem necessary to a lull understand ing of tho right of jurisdiction of tho Stales over the whole extent of their chartered li mits, is, that at the time ot the formation ot tho constitution of this confederacy, the Stales were severally sovereign and indepen dent. Each State being sovereign, was so, not only over persons residing within their re spective limits, but necessarily over the terri tory. And what territory: Why, all thtd. comprehended in the charter which granted them political existence, as separate and dis tinct Colonies under the Grown of Great Bri tain. Within those chartered limits, the Stale holding tho sovereignly held the jurisdiction. The convention which formed the compact of this confederacy bestowed on the Federal Government the exercise of a portion of their sovereign powers. To do this, the Slates must have previously possessed it entire ; or how else could they delegate it 1 The right to be stow, implies clearly the pre-existing right to hold; and the act of receiving, is of itself a recognition of the power of the grantor. Before the adoption of the Federal Consti tution, the sovereign power must have been liciu ii” respectively ; for the pow ers exercised by this iiuv'C.Ttrjenl arC P.h do-1 rived from the Stales. The States, then, hav ing delegated a part, retained all the powers not thus delegated to the General Government or prohibited by the compact to them. The Slates, being then in the possession of these powers, alter the adoption of the consti, tution, had the original right, under the re:ain ed sovereign powers, and also under the con stitution of the United States, to exercise all power not thus delegated. Georgia then, as weh as the other States, had sovereignly and jurisdiction within her limits, over both persons and territory ; and the undoubted right to use that jurisdiction, subject onlyto the limitations ot the constitution ; hence, it is clear that the State of Georgia, like all other states, or na tions, has jurisdiction over all persons, white, rcJ pr black, within her boundaries, and can exercise that jurisdiction, by cxiending hot civil and criminal laws over the entire popula • lion, without distinction of color. There is nothing in the constitution or the law of na tions exempting Indians. But aga u ; under the Constitution of the (lulled yiales, Indians residing within a State arc subject to taxation, at the will of the Slate and alter taxation, they become, in part, Hie basis of representation. I refer to the follow ing clause oflhat instrument ; Article 1. Section 2. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several Stales which may be included within this Union, according to their representative numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole numhei of free persons, including hose bound to service for a term of years, ami excluding Indians not taxed, three-tifihs of all other persons, Th* power of taxation is one of the highest and most important of sovereign attributes ; and here, in the constitution, this power is cx- | pressly recognised : does it not, then, neces.. | tartly follow, that the power of taxation care , nes with it, not as an incident merely, but ab solutely, the authority to create a tax, and to regulate the .•’Escssment, and the other inci dents necessary to the execution of the pow er t If this be so, (and it is clear,) that the Indians can bo U.red by a Sta'e, under whose jurisdiction must they be I Let any cons itu nonal lawyer, whose opinions are opposed to these views, and'who thinks proper to enter • • . * i S 4 *r. .f lII *"*V' ■ into this debale, come to the argument Idirly and with candor—not as a partisan, or an eit. ihusiast—and lam persuaded Ins investiga tions will force linn to admit that tins power , belongs to the States respectively. To my mind, sir, it is beyond controversy. ! Then, Jby the Constitution of the United Stales independent ot the original right of sovereignty, inherent mid reserved to the Stales under that instrument, the Slates re spectively have the right of jurisdiction over the Indians within their limits. This posi tion involves the whole question of the Cher okee controversy, so far as the Slate of Geor. ’ gia is particularly involved ; and 1 shall listen (at the proper time) with great pleasure to any gentleman who shall be pleased to con trovert this position. But, sir, I apprehend 1 none will desire to meet the question thus pre sented, but will prefer to indulge in the ex pressions of the sympathies of the heart, and not in the convictions of the understanding. Under this right ot jurisdiction, Mr. Chair man, notwithstanding the sympathies and morbid sensibilities exhibited by gentlemen in this debate, every old Slate in this Union has, long since, exercised this very power, and extended their laws over the Indians residing within their limits; but, sir, none of the tender feelings ani yearning sympathies ore, in these days, indulg’d by our political enthusiasts and religious faintics at home: it is one ot the characteristics of those under the influence of this malignant philanthropy, to disregard their own actings and doings, and the con duct of those immediate'y around them ;ancl their distempered humanity and mistaken sympathy are sent abroad in search of their objects. in days that have passed away, we were taught that charity should begin at home. It is not so now; n begins any wbero else than at home. Hence it is that our people, in cer tain sections, ore found intermeddling with the affairs of others; shedding tears over the condition of those whom they have never seen,and whose comforts and pleasures fur exceed those of three-fourths k of the world. I trust 1 shall be pardoned for this disgrcssion. If there be a State among the old thirteen which has not extended her jurisdiction over the Indians, I usk any member from that Stale to rise in his place, and stale the fact. Who will do it? No one sir. The history of the States has recorded it ; many of them did so betorc the adoption of their own constitutions; yes, sir, before the formation of the articles of 'the confederacy. To prevent a State from the exercise of this jurisdiction, and its enforcement, you must show the inhib tion in the constitution ofthe United Slates. 1 usk gentlemen to point out in that instrument, the clause which prohibits a State from exercising this power. It cannot be shown. 1 assume, then, this position, that tho Indian tribes within the chartered limits of u state, are not sovereign and independent. Sir, no member on this floor, who regards his refutation os a statesman, would ycnf'VPS iiie opinion that Indian tribes within a State, and especially within one ofthe old thirteen, arc not subject to the laws of that State, by virtue of their sovereignty. Once admit that posi •ton, and our iiluub of discovery and conquest, . ami all their consequences full. r Tho legislation ot the States lias closed the inyiiuiorU, nun it lo an iii.p.,ri ant historical j truih, which these enthusiasts and families ought to recollect, that the Indians within the , thirteen Slates, and the lands in their oc . cupaucy, have for years been regulated by i the laws of [be States in which they reside, I and riot by treaties; lind, sir, notwithstanding all what wo have heard to the contrary, (iuur ffta/ yes, sir, .jeorjin! — was nut only among the last, hut the very lost of the old thirteen, to lake on hcrscll the regulation ofthe Indi ans hy law; and yet Georgia has been censu red, abused, and slandered, for doing that, which her sister Slates hud done, and long persevered in, before she even contemplated it. 1 will bo excused, I trust, for adverting to a few historical tacts in reference lo this point, not fur the purpose of censure or reproach, but to show others that Georgia was far more tardy than themselves in establishing this principle of jurisdiction. Massachusetts liersull, at an early period, and whilst she was a colony, extended her laws over every tribe of Indians within her borders; nay, more, she limited their rights of occupancy lo so many acres oflandfap pointed guardians for them; among other pro hibitions, made it penal for an Indian lo be ) come intoxicated, and if found eo, he was lia ble to s/r'pef, Many seemingly rigorous ftno ' oppressive laws were enacted by that State lo regulate and control those Indian tribes. The fanatic of the present day would weep over the misdeeds of those who have gone be fore us, mid ask of Heaven to look in mercy on them? What weakness! what ridiculous sanctity ! Sir, I have a deep and sincere re gard lor our I’untan forefathers; they have, for centuries, been the theme of eulogy and eloquence; but the restless, intermeddling, morbid philanthropist of litis generation, de nounces them as deamons. It is the part of wisdom and of duty to regard our ancestors with respect, and to have a sacred regard for their character and their virtues. Every age and section of the world must be controlled and governed by the existing causes and cir cumstances which surround them; and he is a useless and troublesome fool, who disturbs so, eiety hy his hypocritical winnings and cant ings over the tranagrepsons, as he supposes, of his progenitors, or the actings and doings of his cotcmporanes, because they value com mon sense, and totally disregard his Biekiy ond wicked intermeddling with the affairs of others, and his absurd attempts to change the destiny of the world. I have no doubt Mas sachusetts acted towards the Indians accor ding lo the necessities of the times, tho char - acter, the feelings, and relations existing ben tween them; yet, under these lawp, and the influence of civilization, though designed for a different effect by the good people of that State, their Indian tribes have yielded to their destiny, ond hive been swept away from the face ofthe earth. Virginia, one of whose representatives (Mr. Wise) has spoken with so much zeal oil this subject, and who has travelled out of his wav to comment severely on the legislation ' of Georgia, has long since extended her ju risdiction over the Indians; limited their rignts ; ot occupancy to fifty acres; and yot Her rep, rescnlativc seems to have forgotten it. His j renmrko shall receive my attention before I j conclude. New York, loo—ts it necessary for mo to | show an intelligent body what haa. he«a her legislation? Her statutes arc known; stie> has extended and exorcised her jurisdiction over the Indian. 3 in 'he fullest manner, and yet, Iroin that State, Georgia baa been de nounced and rebuked. Sir, I assert it, and history will sustain me, that the Indians with in the limits ol Georgia have been treated, by that Slate, with as much liberality, justice and humanity, as those of any other State. 1 , will be excused for adverting briefly to the history of the past; lam necessarily driven into it from the course pursued towards the Stale which I represent,- 1 shall, therefore, review a few of the statements made, and bring into contrast the conduct of Georgia with th?t of other S'ates, as well in their course of policy as their moral justice towards the aborigines; for 1 claim to he the rcpresciita ive of a people, whose moral character and reputation will nut be subjected to reproach by a comparison with that of any other people. Sir, as a Georgian, one who loves his State, , and knows well the character of her people, I can ( hut feel indignant at the unfounded charges which , have been bo profusely lavished upon her. What ' has she done to authorise those groundless, inju- | rious, and calumnious charges? Has she pur sued t policy different from other stales ? Where ate those mighty tribes that were once seen on cv.ory hill and in every valley, roaming in (be I forest, And pursuing the game on every mountain- | top in the stale of Masiachuselts ? Yes, «lr, tell ! me where are the IVssamaquoddics, the I‘enub scots, and numerous other tribes ? Swept away, gone, extinct; and how? Look to the statute books of Massachusetts, the history of her legis- ! lation, and the history of her people. There you , can find the causes. Those who are weeping , over the oppressions of the Cherokccs, and asking ( Congress to abrogate the treaty, may find food for llieir sympathy ; scenes over which to shed their tears ; outrages and violence, which may strike them with horror. Dul still, there were J reasons in the then existing stale of tilings to palliate, if not to justify nil this. The friend of | Christianity and civilization cannot sorrow for the | change, It is true that a mighty change has taken place. The forest has disappeared ; beau tiful fields now gladden the eye ; the wigwam and the savage are gone; the church and the Anglo- Saxon occupy tlieir places. Civilization, with all its arts, beauties, pleasures, comforts, and glory, has spread its irresistible and predestinated power * over the home of the rod man ; and under its in fluence he has dwindled away, without much change in his moral condition. It was his des- ( liny. I.ot those who so anxiously fed for the Chcrokeos, and whose petitions have loaded your desk, remember the days when even the Puritans were driven by savage cruelties to the coinmissien of deeds which the heart shudders at. That may admonish them ot the indelicacy of speaking un kindly of other states or other people. Compari - sons arc unpleasant. It is not my object to dis parage others, but tgt vindicate my native stale. Let me advise the benevolent inlcrmcddlcrs in the affairs of the Mouth, and especially in the business of Georgia, to attend to their own afl'airs, and 1 am sure they can find employment for ail their charily, benevolence, and sympathy. It is not with teelinga of shame and reproach, but with | pride and exultation, that 1 look buck upon the I'-T." fr.r'eeaiancc, the gynerous kindness, and ;Ji e | enlightened humanity, of my native stole, in her * intercourse with the Indians; and I hesitate net | ! to sny, that whenever a demand shall ho really I : made, not fur crocodile leuis, but for real sympathy j and friendship, nowhere on this broad continent | , will sucli demand tie mure promptly iviul liberally I met lima in lire state ot Georgia, c Will the gentleman from Rhode Island, whose tl constituents have petitioned this body to rescue H the Ci'if t, ‘‘- bom the cm,i,l ll v „,>.I , ■' ' - . . W...V4 V..V41 it(s 01 c Georgia, and to interpose and slay her oppress sions towards that tribe, permit mo to say that it y is exceedingly strange that such censures should t, ,u inflicted upon a stale by those wbo, certainly, r are ignorant of many of the facts? These nil - welcome allegations are too grave to let pass nn , noticed ; a proper spirit would dictate to itiOse , petitioners the moral uttrocity of arraigning the * character ul a whole people, without u knowledge o( the fads which would justify unchiirituhleiiess. Is there no reason why Rhode Island should , exhibit a modest diffidence on this subject ? l,cl j her remember the destiny of (but warlike and noble tribe, the JVurragansotU, which once proudly traversed flic hills and plains around that hcauli tut and capacious buy, between points Second and Judith; whose canoes alone, for centuries, | floated on its otherwise undisturbed waters; a tribe which was the Ivnor ul the whiles. Tell * me not ol tho cruelties and oppressions of the Gherokees—of the patriotism ol their white duels. i Go and read the lute of your own Indian wins; the fate of noble Miantonirno, a chief of the War-’ lagansell tribe; the treachery which produced his death; and inquire wliu abetted his destiuciim. Then tell rno whether there is more of effrontery or decency in forgetting these tilings, and making I a crusade into Georgia, in search of oljccta over ' which you may sympathise. The religious la.. ' hatic is more all object of pity than hatred ; but / the political agitator, who thus acts for mere parly r purposes or for individual notoriety, deserves the ' execrations of mankind. 1 censure not the pco- '.! pie, under the protection of whoso humanity and ~ Christian philanthropy this distinguished tribe i have disappeared, like the cloud of the morning, before tho sun ; that same kindness, under the same circumstances, would again produce the same result. To preserve the race from exlcrtni nation, you must plant them beyond the influence of the white man. Look at Connecticut; yes, sir, that land ol “ steady habits,” the theatre of many pleasing as sociations to me; she, 100, has made sy inpalbising * remonstrances against the Cherokee nealy, ulleg ing fraud in the Government, and demanding o Congress to stay Georgia in her course and in her Indian policy, and to prevent ihe pe pelralion ! of further outrages on the Indians. The repro scntaiives of that Stale, I (rust, will not consider mo unkind in asking, “where is the last of the ~ Mohrgans?” the early friends of the white man 1 tho hones of their ancestors—the burial grounds of their chiefs—where are they ? Penalizing the fields of the town of Norwich—whore once was to he seen the grave of Uncas, tho honored friend >. arid confiding ally of New England in her early » days. To history I commit theii memory. Al- * ready has “the last of tho Mohcgatia,’’ been commemorated in story. The annals of no btatc in this Union are more strongly marked with acts , ot harshness, oppression, and cruelly towards the Indians than that of Connecticut. Perhaps ma ny palliatives for these apparent harhariiies are to lie found in the ferocious character ot ihe savage, and their unrelenting antipathies to our race. My object is not to charge the early settlers of that section with cruelty and inhumanity, but only to remind their descendants, their kirn-men of th’s day, who obtiusivoly and unkindly speak of tho State of Georgia in teims of rrproach, that the Cherokeos have much cause for thankfulness that their residence has been in Georgia, and not in , “the land of steady habits.” Mr. Chairman, were you not surprised when you hoard the voice of New York’ Why, her boldness amazed me. She cried aloud and spared ' not—Georgia. I speak of the petitions forwarded 1 to this House, and now on the Clerk’s desk, they 1 speak.of oppression, cruelty, and fraud. Lot me ' ► turn the glass to her, and ask her to sco herself i as other*see he-, and to examine h<-r»elf-before i 1 bht complains ot tho improprieties of others. Dors she not perceive Iho great difference between precept and example! It must not be considered illiberal in ml! to inquire alter the Neneca*, one of the confederated tribes ol the Nix Nations. Will the representative from Buffalo tell me in what part of ibis Union that powerful confederacy now exists? VV'hnl has been the destiny of that dis tinguished chit f ilcrl Jacket? whose honor and honesty were untouched and unsullied—now mouldering in his grave—and nothing left of the Irtl'ii hut Ins portrait, now hanging in your Indian gallery. It would be useless to trace the desiiny ol the Tuscaroros, Oneidai, Onondagas, Cayu gas, Ac.; a few remain as miscralflt) monument* of the numerous tribes which, at one period, were the lords of the Empire State. Their hunting ground* are now decorated with splendid cities, beautiful towns, plentiful fields,a dense, thriving, an intelligent population. Go and visit (h* wes tern part of that Sta'c—the inheritance of these tribes; will philanthropy sicken and weep over the change, or mourn at the prosperity of ou/ race! Who will sigh when he heholda the mag niticent churches, temple* of the true Ood, erec ted on soil once the heritage of ■ race that knew not Christianity 1 That race has dwindled, but few remain—-they are gone—“the places that knew them once shall know them no more forevt cr.’* Who occupies their lands? and how wee that occupancy obtained—by treaty or contract? If ao, to whom was the consideration paid? Not to the Indians, for they are poor and dependents And yet gentlemen from that Stale apeak of the South, and especially Georgia, ns being illiberal and Inhumane; and insinuate, in lofty tones, that we are violators of justice and humanity. Is this kind?—is it right? It is one of the devices nl (ho world to conceal our own improprieties by diverting the nllcnMon to others! I>ut it is the part ut wisdom, and one of (ho obligations of duty, to sliive nl least to know one’s self; An observk nnce of this precept would have shielded Georgia from the attacks or censures of New Yotk. Let her remember the moral of the “glass house.” [To he Continued ) COMMERCIAL. U « have been politely furnished by n mercantile Inusjof lliis city, with the following circular: Liverpool,, Juno 30th, 1838. As wo now write chiefly lor the steam vessel Koval William, to start on the rah proximo, we slmll give the sales of Cotton, for the hist thrun weeks. The soles from llio'.Mh to the Kith inst. ns billow : SUO Sea Island, 15d a 2s 3d; lilt Stained, 71 n l. r < ; 4840 Upland, 5i a 8f ; 831)0 Orleans, 51 a 8?; 3300 Tennessee and Mobile, 51 a 71, 25 at 9d ; 630 I’ornsmbueo, 84 a 91; fait) liidiiu and Muenio, 8 it 81 ; 220 Miinii.liam, 7 n II; 40 Demnrnra, UI; (ill West Inilh, 7! n 81; 420 l.nguira,? n 81; 590 b'.gyp linn, 9 n 12; 50 Peruvian, HI; 140 Madras, 41 a si; 21411 Surat, 3i « 51. ToUil amount 21180 bags; of w hich 2000 American, mid 300 Surat, were bought by speculators; and 450 American, and 700 Surat for export. The sales from the 16th to tlic22d mat. inclusive, ns follow ; 240 Sen Island, 15dn 2s 9d; 40 Stained, On 12; 7740 Upland,s} a8; 5990 Orleans, 51 nH, ! , 10 nl 91; 3190 Tennesson ami .Mobile, 5j a 81; 75.) Pernnmlmeo, 81 a 91; 220 Jlnliia and iVfueuio, 71 a Hi; 40 JVlnraiiliiun, 7? a 81; 10 Uenmmra, |Of;2OW. India,sJ • 3t) Peruvian. Gl; 200 Kagnirn, 71 u Hi; 30 Smyrna, Gl; 330 Kgyplian, 91 n 121 ; 1820 Surat, 4‘ t a 51; GO Madras, 41 a 51; and 20 Bengal, 5 Total i 197 lO bags; ol which 2000 American went to spec* I olatnru, and 950 do. and SGO Surat to exporters j Though the amount .if laisinets transacted during ; the two weeks mentioned, w'us very lair, still (be I market was Hal throughout, and prices, particularly 1 of the lower ipmlitics, not m all instuneeyt supported. The sales this wo k as follow ; 140 Sea Island, Is H'j a 2s 8.1; 35 Stained, 7 u 10; 1900 Upland,sl.u ’ B', ’ ’rlf.Vns, o. a 9 ; 1800 Tennessee and Mo- I bile, 51 a 71, 50 ut 81; GJO Pernambuco, 81 a9l ; , 220 Baliiaand Muenio, UJ a Hi; 130 iMnrunlium, 71 , a 91; 20 Peruvian, HI a 9; 30 Kaguiru, 81 ; 100 , Keyplinn,9l a 12; 140 Madras,43 «53; 1020 Sural, 41 a 51 ; 50 Bengal, 3.1. Total, 14100 bugs; ol i which speculators look about 30(i bales American, and exporters 400 do. and 50 Bengal. The market • Hat tlirongliont. The ueeonnls of trade at Man ; cheater, Arc. are, on llte whole, lint rndiffe/otlt. 'J'ho cliief safes making in Upland and iMoliilc, are four 5.1 to Gl, nnil in (Orleans from 5 1 In Gl We are told by Ilia lute accounts from America that tbo Banks there euniemptato making a mono poly of this great staple. As enemies to monopolies of all (loser ptions; wo wish they may make the at tempt, which w o behove mast lead to certain failure and through which the business would then frill beck into its legilimaio channels. Our prices uru now little above those oflhe middle of April last; or, in other words, the lowest prices of this year,- end with such a stock of American cotton as our present, and such a prospect of supply for the r« inninder of I lie yenr, we do not see that any reason able expectation of improvement i an be entertained. The monopolists may succeed, but we doubt it. The import of all sorts ol cotton into to the king dom, sinca the Ist January, amounts to 9GIOOO, bales, against 790,090 received during the first six months of 18)7 ; mill of American cotton alone wo have received 824,000, against G 15,000 bales. The sleek of all kinds at this pert, rts at present estimated, amounts to about 4G4,000 bales, against 374,000 (Ids limn last your; and of American, wo appear to have 381,001), against 248,000 bales. Upland, ordinary to raii.dlirig lair, 51 a 51, fair to good (air Gl a GJ.good to firm 7,1 a 74; Orleans,ordi nary to middling lair 5i a 51, lair to good (air GJ a 71, good to fine?} a HI; Mobile, ordinary to nod riling fair 5J n 51, fair to good liiir Gs a 71, good to (iao 7j n 8; Tennessee, ordinary to middling fair 5, u 51, fair to good lair 51 a Gl, good to line Hi a 0;, !Sea Island, 15d a 22d,and firm 2s a2s Gil per lb. [ From the Constitutionalist. J. Stock of Cotton In . 'lngnstu ami Hamburg on Ihe Isi (ash 1838. 1837.; In Auguslu, 11,408 22 965 Hamburg, H7l 3,8f1l On wharf, bouts, Ac. * 282 0O Total stock, 7,361 26,826 Shipments of Colton Crum Augusta and Hamburg to Savannah and Charleston, from Ist. Oil, 1837 toSUtJu'y, |s3B 1838. 1837 From Ist to 31 si July, . ■■ To .Savannah, 4.508 11,300 Charleston, by boat*, 475 0(1 “ by Rail Road, 2,918 621 7,901 11,921 Ship'd fin Ist Oct., £ to I st July, 194,081 127,171 Total shipmciiis, 201,982 139,092 Kewlpt of Cotton At. Augusta and Hamburg, from I< t CM to Ist nut I*B3. 1937 Stock on hand lit inst. 7,361 26,828 Shipped from Ist Oct. to Ist inst. 201,383 139,093 209,343 155,918 Deduct stock on hand I t October, 183? 19,538 3,3 a 0 Total Receipts, 139,815 162.528 ~ v. ■ . 7 -T-t- —I lET FEK.SOX WHKHII'F’S SALE. 117 /GL hr Bold on the Gist Tuesday tn Soni-m- . «• » V bur next, nt the market house in r.onißvme, within thn usual hours ol sale, the fallowing pro|o ertv, io wit nx hundred and fort* acre, of land on the waters of Ogrealty, adjpitunz Covington, and others; l«y«d.on as the- ttroperty of Sa-ine' U'slden, to satisfy sundry ft fawr of Jn'lvn H Newton vs. on.d Lew made and* , tijrrwfd to me by n •'ouj«fablo. J ilx Ifi, 1838 'td l ' ' Sllir