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From the Columbia Ttlftrojn Passage* From the Life of a Great Statesman HUMBER VI, It will be discovered, in the progress of tin number, that J have pteserved tin title of 111 euncs ns a nuclein merely, around which I gather auoli observations ns l ave occurred I me upon currency and banking, and u|ion ill topics employed in ilicir discussion, durinj llio late and extra sessions of Congress. 'l'll present number will be confined, Ist. To lb alleged insecurity of me system of credits, a employed by Hunks in tins country; 2n(j. T the alleged fraudulent Inundation upon wlnci those credits rest; and 3rd. To the at run live proposed to be applied. It ns true thu Mr. Calhoun liar employed these top es, hu in no other wiso Ilian as n laboitr would u« an implement made by anolhei; al l it i - fur llicr true, ilia l the public may clio- r,e to uc count with him fur llmir use ; lint I notici them, merely ns part of the coinage of u oho agrarianism, of winch perhapr tin; legiUtn.l paternity ts in fkidmore ami Along, and fb the origin of which Air. (,'alhoun in no mor responsible than lie is for Gongn'«,- notion o; divorce, which die linn adopted, or (or irre dcemablc issues, which us llio cast ofl'and con deinned project of another country, olid in tin life of winch lie has been anticipated by om nibus drivers and iinnljulip tellers, fiurn Boa ton to the Baliz.-. First then, ol llie insecurity of 15 ink en d, its. In South Cartiliini, Hu; charters wl al B iliks, (except the Bank of lliuUtato of >i wflrolina) render ihc.rrcs stockholder; liable Uiilividually, from Ihew private and seji uiate properly, to double tin. amount id then capital stock. As security (or their issues, it follows then, that there j,s a triple guaranty, in private and corporate lintels, winch even the most prudent would not ih '- re to siren * h “o, il the tecunty weto ofletcil upon a piivate transaction. Tor the secunly ot the issues e>t the Bank ol thg i'.mtc of Woutli <' iroliu.i, over nliovn its corporate assets, the l.ulh cl thu Hluie is ultimately pledged; and with a taxing po.vei which, (or the credit oft he Stale, may he used to the verge ol a general confiscation, the whole properly w.llun il i,- thus made liable us an ultimate guaranty lor the soundness oi the Bank’s circulation. It '• true, that since the prevalence of the nio tfilic inainn, a new tost, of solvency or securi ty has arisen. A certain honest Bank, m a certain very honest and plodding country, once confined Us i.-sues to the amount ol me •» on deposit; and that being the honest slim. J.'H'il, the age must recede to it, or on failure to do so, llio credit system must lapse into in security and the Banks.into insolvency. To accomplish the desired security, in the memo ruble words of the Him, Enoch Beanl-ley, “credit must perish,"and the Bunks must be come, like ready money Jack, keeping time to the guigliiig of their own hard dollars, or be formally reduced to a surrender ofthoir charters I \r liethor coins are the only hon est medium ol payment, or whether they will Ultimately sink down into a mere means ol ■expressing the denominations of value, 1 .shall not stop to discuss; but to a plain man, a spe cie basis, as the only solvent basis for cienla tion, does, to say the least,seem an absurdity. Why a di He rein test for individual and cor porate solvency ? and wi o would measure the ability of an individual to meet Ins engage merits by the number of coins in Ins breeches jiockcis.' U is humiliating, even to ho brought \0 the formal elalmnuiil ol such absurdities us a means ol Their exposure; it would be an m jiu/i tu llio undurtilaiulm/r ol tin enlightened public, to idler to discuss them. Upon the point of security. Mr. 11. C. Ca rey, m his work upon tho credit system, Ims collated facts in regard to the hanking sy.s (em of (his country, winch /ducu it upon a Oasis «m which ii may, and ioruvin will, rest secure against ignorant denunciation and ! clamour. lie. bus shown ih.o. \ho lU'tn lof« by failure of Banks to redeem their is sues, in MaSrttchuaellv, Rhode Island, Alame, New Hampshire, Veinioiit, mid Connecticut, from 1811 to 183(1, was one eleventh «J uni per ceul upon their capital, and üboui onn live hundredths of one per cent, upon opera, turns Ui'.ilitnled by them. In New Veil;, the average loss has been less than halt of one per cent on the sUickho dors, and on the pub lic about five dollars in a million, by tub stituting bank notes fur coin. Tho whole average of loss in all the above Slates, New York melndtil, from 1811 to 1830, hy Hip substitution of Bank issues for coins, was one four Innidiudih part of one per ■cent, or about one dollar upon even/ /oily thou sand of capital. In the lust (iiloi n years, it has not exceeded five dollars in a million! In Ins “considerations upon the currency and banking systems of the IJ. Stales," Air. Gallatin stales the annual loss by uvar of coins merely, where a metallic currency is em ployed instead of a paper substitute, at ft 70,000 upon every SSlo,ooo,ooo—According to lie; allowing of Air. (jaiey, the aveiagn to n upon Hie same amount of Bunk notes, m the above states, lot thu lust (illeon years, is ft JOi); or •55 p n r million; and hence the annual saving (and by const ijnem e, addition to their eapi. tal,) upon the-above amount, by the miMuu tiou of notes for coins, Ins b m $B!),8UB; or one million ami Ibrly seven thousand tin,l m m tiltoen years. Does tins not show, eoncin• sively, that organised credit is not only a more convenient, hut a more tire m lruniciii «( commerce, than coins, by the amount ol ‘VlTirencc in the losses upon each! It nut. lotus have the benefit ut u leliitaiion. Uni, to proceed a step further, upon thr security of Bank eiedits. I lav ng shown it m they are nio;e sale lor commerce titan coins, it remains to be shown that i-nrpnruie credit.-■ tire more sin lire under COrp i rate mini • ,u nt. than mdiv liu il credit. It will be remembered, that, tho lo s of the cominuui >' by bank tones, m the Slates n lerrcil to, Inis atruady been stii'nil, upon tin authority ot Mr Carey, ut nn average o, //1 dollars per million. The same writer, In re ference to the hanking corporal runs o| I’onn Bvlvama, has shown that their average b-.s from transacimns with individuals, I a- ranged as high, irom 1811 tu 1833, as one lltt. d of on percent per annum; aim wing most conehi-v -. ly. that incomparably mure has been iu.-t t-\ Banks from individuals, than by indiv doa.’i oom banks. One woithi snppos - it.at these statements, placing, as they Co, ihe miR ni v Vs Bank credits upon a basis more semi , : ,1, specie transactions can be pit 1 , mav very well be trusted there, anil there t will tnif'v l.iein tu rema n, while I proceed to the eisc i .cm of the alleged fraitdul .1 ba is up nt wlnen ihey rest. Il is to oe observed, iiuwiner, n taking eave of this topic, that the views’pre. senled have been sustained by mipretemini fuels merely, and the inference; -if ■, ii.ol, t.f. were the hgitmiatc predtm e. O, t , , | cannot expect t n-ni to eutnp : ■ nt p-p-.w j. vor W till -i mere 1) .p i ; ats iracli n r- ~o , , to them. It, lorMintn, they .eh i ice ;n iV, ,ii )r With the theory adopted by so.n- ;,o n. ,r •.,, yonte, they most of use,go V • Bafor* I r- - '• lie . to Hie n i»°" id fraud, il i a .ipiy ’ol retnaik *t ~f ; hank credits l>e pul into tnculalioa through fraud, the history of human infatuation furnishe u no parallel to the imbecility of mankind under ihe delusion. They are not only, it would *cem, i the willing, bu! ihe devoted victims of imposture; ■I" and | crimps it is the very first instance in the ho | history of human credulity in which mankind to | have not merely passively acquiesced under do- It) | fusion, hut where they have been the tarnesi, 10 and eager, and persevering applicant! tn be d>. 'rf f''an<Utl —like the courtesan, in the progress of in a general violation, each, it would seem, is anxi in i ous to hi! informed when the happy lime shall m I arrive lor their own [p.rilnr defrauding! It is 'o hut fair. Inn* ever,'to slate fully the charge prt*< .j, I (erred, before the answer i. given. It is, that | the drawer and i'olorseis rs a Mute diseou nied ~l 1 are as folvenl for the amount as the Dank which ut i discouins it; and hence, that it i. n fraud in the Sl , i Dunk ii> charge »ix per cent fir substituting il - nedt is for theirs in payment ol a debt, or in tl e I purchase of prnpenv. It i.- t*i he recolle le !, | however, that it Is lor the creditor, or the owner i ol the Commodity to ho pinelta-rd (as list case ,1101)' be) and not I,i the debtor or pnrehanr, to 1 : (it ihe rclativt value ol the two 1 Ipi'i' ;an! it 11 ‘ I ij (nr the very reason (hut lie has refused the r< ’ j 111 1 1 viii 11 : 1 1’n paper, that ihe paper of t tin Dink is J i.illeied (o ho mhstilntid, Solvency is not the c ' qiitaiion male njron (lie paper; hut when the *' choice h oil' le 1 h.iii, the creditor or seller must m neci usarily fleet between holding a paper which is mieurteiil, and win h cannot lie passed oil' j n >' any commercial liansaetioii without the risk of an additional guarantee by him, mnl one which 1. cliculalcs at par "as money current with tin: II nu irli.ml. ’ In a word, the i ledee is between a S papei ultimately reeitie, hut itncurri-nt mid whir 's mil credit) nml me equally secure with the addr lionnl advantage ol nuni nl ill l!iu [ u.clia e ir |ni propeny oi in the paymeul of drills. And il this is the paper which the drawer of the note asks dm Dunks to gave him in return for his own, , in older to pay tils debts or lo enter Ihe market as a pureliu i i ; rind it . ruins that (he hanks in Decoding In the request, and thus incurring the li-k nl having their paper returned upon them | daily for resumption, (nr depreciation and discredit i ' on fiiilnri! lo reileein) have pcrpclruled ibis most atrocious outrage ol charging six per cent!—i 1 "'('bis is the head and limit ol their oil aiding— 1 • no more !’’ 1 h ifetus that upon these grave and (as il is ; ' to he believed, now apparent) well founded ’ charge-:, these institutions are lo he “ unb,inked/’ I ! “ J’etisli ereili ,” say the molt, and " perish credit,” says their leader! May I he pardoned (or be stowing a passing notice upon litis proposed cortealivo of u pn'lendgl evil ! A Dank is the Jmero centra ol a circle of indebtedness.— Fur all us notes in circulation, and for a largo surplus he,sidP, the community are its debtors.— ll tliu oj oration of '‘unblinking” he attempted it pan the Dank, tl is compelled in self defence lo | " uliliaiik,” in turn, the merchant who is its chief customer, and he, in struggling to sustain himself, is driven to have recourse lo every customer upon his ledger; so that the imiasuie of responsibility adjudged lo the Utiitk, in tho first instance, is, in j the end, meted out to an nub,inked nml hank" I ruph'd community ! '('he process of compelling 1 a redemption in coins of rttlTohligalioris ol n com- ) nuiiiily miieh extended, would woi k a devastation I mure Itnihle limit the descent of Ilyder Ali upon j the Carnatic. The country would he li einlly j (nought under the hoofs of the barbarian's horse, i which not only destroyed the herbage in which the earth was clothed, but inflicted a perpetual | j tltTilily upon the soil! God avert the lulling o! | thus ill omened Might ! Ihu the eloclime I that it yrin open the gules I wide enough for both Philip and h s Ass to enter, • all will bo veil. Ves, do &o, and who i you huvo j dislmrthoiied the animal of Ins preotouu treasuro, I do not omit to look up into Ins most rnpiont face, j that you may pec the light of’ your own eouiilc- j nruices faithfulfy and truly reflected. j 1 NAKED TAHITI. irom tht Vhilti'Ulphi-.i Ilernld Sentinel\ iuth ins(- I 'I iu* ( envoy iiud I'fcul hu<»i in Port* 1 j ( she dfiiuueli,"vvel] Imiltship, tho United ."tales I Ihmk, (*oi i nnodoro Piddle, eamo into [mil on ( \ Monday la^l, m line n!y\o, having in i-.utivoy Homo I V V,)V,, W.,.-. A,UtllVlllOW wall CVIgtHIM ' 1 on hoard, variously valued hum hundred thousand | , lo live milhuiis of dollars each. A considerable j , number >1 vessels belonging to the same licet are, I wo understand, within sight of land, and are i coming into port under easy sail and with a fair I breeze. Tho cargo of " tho log ship,” (United J Slates Dank,) is valued at from forty-two to forly , live millions of dollars, though it is invoiced at only thirty-live millions. Thu Commodore ru- I [roils (hut lor some two or three years past, ho j Inis hail constantly lo contend with contrary | winds, and has several timer had to ride out very | | severe gales. In May, a year ago, ho encountered , one of the soveresl gales ever experienced on the Western Atlantic, it blew directly from Wash’ j iogion, and such was its force that not only him j sell, hut every ship in the Hoot hud to double lock | the hatches and lie lo under bare poles, llosidos 1 j tiro cargoes of the vessels, there were a very largo- I number of passengers on hoard, having with ■ 1 them all their ell’ecl <, amounting in (act to a much I I larger sum thou the cargoes themselves were - | vallad at. On this account groat anxiety has I j been felt for the sately of tins flout, not only hv ! : lire people ol this country, (scarcely an individual i . , 1 whom htnl not either a relative on hoard or an 0 | ioleiest in ono of tho cargoes,) hut by tho people r 1 of Duropo nl. o, who will doubtless rejoice to hoar P | of the s.il'o turn nl in port of the principal ship j I ami largest portion of IboTree 1 . \ low months ag > a psrt ol tho licet, called I- 1 tin' Mew \ ink Squadron, determined to make . | sail, despite the gale then blowing, end put into port ; they were very anxious the convoy I’(filed ; ''tales Dank should accompany thorn : this how t ’ wer, the ('juirnudore rofu oil to d i,aml strongly advise.l thorn to hold on ns they were, for a while ( | longer, when the gale must exhaust itself, and j they would come nr wtlhoql the least danger of 1 i neounlr ring breakers, hut above all, that il they 1 then ■; tempted to malic end, in the statu they ah 11 ; vveie, U must bo done at tho expense of the pas '* iMv.t'M t i llic* imii ’tu’.i —ono or tlio other must ho ilit • vii overboard in order to lighten the ves -el,. This advice, however, was disregarded, ami I ■■ Aew \ ork fchpiadum [>artOil comjrany with r‘ lire re.'l ol the licet. They got into port, bill in ■ , vvli.it eumlition wo shall ii"t now Mop lo ielate ; i! -u lll- ens > say that the big ship in her } a-.-age ’ m. hove In sight ol many ol their [i-issongors who implored rebel of iho C.immodoro, and were nr many iascs picked uj» and relieved, s, I’l-e convoy has all along had uin her power d i' ll make her own way into port; hut in lining this she inu.-t have abandoned the whole l!-- : i and passengers to their inevitable late, and perhaps „ j have lost some Inasls, rijr.irs anil rigging herself, j Dot the (.Vnnnodoro was not lit-' man to abandon i so valuable a licet out ut mere, selfish motives . they had sailed lung together—the smaller ve- sols J relied -!11 Ins nautical skill, and Ills ability lo assisi them —they had placed themselves under Ins prnleelion ami guidance, ami ho hail no idea of ibandoninjs them, especially as a common enemy 11 ; vva- hovurnn; round leudv to [i 'nr a hr rulsido I t into them whenever found exposed to a i iking II I lire. The re-nit has proyod live wisdom as well I -is lire fidelity ol tho old Commodore ;—as wo hol'ore rem-ii ked. much Iho Ligosl portion of the y j Heel Clime into port on Monday with full ear 1 gees ot specie on hoard, in company with the *' ’ convoy, and the remainder, which are rather dull d radars, ate now within smooth water, under easy :t 1 sail, a id will ail in duo time artivo sale, oj err u j i heir tiniehc. and deliver out iho gold am! silv. i - mine holders ol iho brlUot Lading. 1 • ■ : ‘ h -• ; though • retofure con. n ; tvhn il th< alif* 1 eanitui th -w irlrl, h» li quircd, by the skill, courage, palienc*, persevet s nnce and tact ho has exhibited, new claims to the r admiration and confidence of tailors as well a* i, landsmen. Me appt v s buldittle,weather-beaten, and ctmo into port i tending upon the quarter e dork of the big ship, looking “as calm as a sum d mcr’s morning.” ifo was hmdly cheered by the whole fleet, and hy immense crowds on shore. Tills Election —The hat seven days hare ,( i truly been days of hopes nod fears—of elation i mid despondency. On Thursday morning we I) I were greeted with news of the ievolution m . Graven, and of the :nnin IF rlie. In the com e , jot the same day we he o d fr 'in Green and Ecnoir i ;of the gain of two more g)«d Whigs. Then j I eatiie our own defeat on the next day—a defeat, ;l | though deeply to he deplored, hy no means dis i heartening. It will not do to despond whilst a Wl l iy ran eoninmnd (ibH votes in Cumberland tj county. Mo: The bade must be again fought in perfect assurance that truth and order will !■ finally prevail over error an I niob.reraey. Next . came Robeson. wh ro we have gained votes, if , i not victory, \VV do not despair of her. Then i 1 ranic Bind- n, with h r e impletc tiiumpli cl Loco- | . i Focdsm. And, lo tlio-ct dial, Richmond conics , forward lo assure ns of her fiim devotion to Whig principles, iiotwithidandii g the efforts of . her talented and mo t respectable Van linreii i cQtididalo for tho Semite. It any have doubted . Jier integrity, let them examine the stale of the i pulls. JVexl we had rumors, since hut too filly I verifiud.nl defeat in Wake and Orange. Indie | latter county wo have still one good jnnn mid true —William A. Grok nn, than whom no Stale | can boast of a purer atalcsinan. liut in Wake our friend Gulfs has been sacrificed to the com bined influence es virulent attacks and spurious 1 voles. To clieei us under these sad reverses, we receive 1 along with them, news of die great triumph in Surry, of the' obliterated slain ol i Va i Jiuienism in Chatham and Guilford, and of the safety ol die cause in fttokes and Ivaudolph, I in which we had reason to fear llval too many | candidates and othtr onuses of a local nature I might defeat some of our candidates. And las!, ! not least, of (lie election of a sound Whig in Sampson, hy the highest vote, too. It is under the influence of these mingled feelings of pain 1 and pleasure, that vve pause lo survey the field of j buttle, and lo count the chances of victory. Bo j lar, with 31) counties heard from, vve have lost II memberu, and gained 18 —a clear Whig gain jof 7. ISuiely there is therefore, much ground lo ! expect success, and we would claim the day, if vve had not already been so egregiously disap pointed, in Halifax, Woke and Orange, for in stance, as to make us careful how we give rise to hopes that may ho disappointed. In a felv days vve shall know all. In the. mean lime our lea ders must be content with present gains. As to the Governor's election, the public has | ceased to (eel any anxiety about it. Poor Mr. j Branch is beaten so (or that his political aspira tions in Morth Carolina are probably at an end. We find llial between the election in Halifax and the general election, ho packed up and was off for Flo Ida, bag and baggage. Doubtless bo was j anxious lo take his seat in the Florida Conven -1 lion. The Tallahassee Watchman expresses I great regret at the probability of losing his vain, j able services in that body. Wo feel great pies I sure in quieting its anxiety on the subject.— JV. | Catalina Observer, Wake County.—lt will be seen that this County has elected the entire Administiation Ticket, a 11< r a contest without a parallel lor i lie violence with which it has hues conducted. Not only were the ordinary weapons of pnr tiaau warfare put m requisition by the Van I Buri'it parly, but the most reckless assaults | were unscrupulously made upon private cha j ninlnr, and other means resorted lo by the lea- I ders, which, if thoso who used them can rc ■ oncilo to ihoir sense of justice at:d fair deal in", wo onvy not their notions of riyht and wrong, tdo malignant were the foldings dis- I played towards one o! the Whig candidates ! oi particular, that many Admit)!? r *nlion men manifested tl>o;r disgua* and indignation hy I voting far him. If Micro had bc-'o art open I field and n fair nice, t'no result would have 1 tv «\. \V . . ...v . t vV -■ .< - y » won \.y ' i jockeying and foul riding.— Hal. Hcg. j In in a \ Hi.oacKNT'i;. —T'uuiith or .1 ct. v. — ( Our exchange papers from every section of the I Union bring us glowing accounts of the colidira i lion of Ibis glorious anniversary. The people of j Fort Madison, lowa, bad their lull share of rejoi | dug, and among the orators of the day, we ob ] serve the name of the far famed Indian warrior j Black Hawk. The following among the toasts j of the day, was offered by J G. Edwards. Our illustrious guest, 11 lack Jluwh. —May j his declining years bo as calm and serene as his j previous life lias been boisterous and full of war j like incidents. His attachment and present I friendship to bis white brethren fully entitle him to a scat at our festive board. A ftoi the above was drunk, Black Hawk arose 1 and made the following remarks. I Hlack Hawk's Speech. —lt has pleased the | Great Spirit that lam hero today—l have eaten with my while friends. The earth is our mother s —vve are now on it—with the Great Spirit above j ns—it is good. 1 hope vve are all friends bore. A few winters ago, 1 was lighting against you—l j uid wrong, perhaps, but that is past—it ts buried, '• let it be forgotten. Bock river was a beautiful country—l liked tny towns, my corn fields and the home of my people j—l fought fur it. It is now yours—keep it us |wo did—it will produce you good crops. I thank the Great Spirit that I am now friendly ! with my while brethren—vve are here together— -1 | vve have eaten together—wc are liiemls—it is his i 1 vvi-h and mine. For your biendsbip I thank you. i was once a great warrior—l am now poor— j Keokuk has been the cause of my present situa ■ ! lion—but do not attach blame to him. lam now i old. 1 have looked upon the Mississippi since I t have been a child. 1 love the Gre ,* River. 1 have dwelt upon it-, hank from the lime 1 was an 1 infant. I look upon it now. I shako (funds with rou, and it is my wish I hope you arc my friend:.. I Baltimore Chronicle, 1 I 11 r G| Nunxi. f an Ri:nss;:i, vi a onci. moiu;. , —’The editor of the Commercial Advertiser pub , | Indies the following ex lactfom a letter wiitien at Niagara Falls on the dl.-t nil:— , ‘ln looking over the Star of Tuesday, I see it , stated the wood is being all cut off from Navy Is , laud. It is not so—l was around the island yes j lerday, and could not perceive that anything had r been done since it was evacuated hy til: celebru , : bd General \ an Rvnsslaer, whom, by the by, I j saw nn my way up. It is said that be was paying , ; attention to come lady at that place. Virey tell a 1 culler romantic story of the lady. When Mr. ] \an Rensselaer made suit it was received on con _ | dilion that he should signalize himself in some i , gie.it exploit. kbout tins period the Mackenzie , | rebellion broke out, and Mr. Van Rensselaer be , I in S al lhal lime at the west, thought it presented ~ a line chance lo win bis lady love' Whether the ’ . i tesnll ol the campaign was glory enough for the , j lady, time must determine,” ; i Smoking in Holland is so common, dial when i a party nice' in a room, and any one present is ■ Wilted, the winter goes round with a pair of bel . lows, and blows the smoke front before each face tbit he may distinguish t.,e individual called tor ■ —vV. T. Sun. 1 Coot..—A fellow with a torn hiit latelv enter ed .in editor’s room in Wall street, and thus sain. !e : him : Are you tl r ndividu il t jat sto fur- I nisli copy far lo morion's paper The editor bowed I hen fork it out—tor I am into of tits gentle j men that’s ready to set it tip.’’ I CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL. §%OV9V I p : l iii.<ittu) iMornluif- A iiltuil 2i . STATE RIGHTS TICKET , roll CUSOWKSJ. WM. C. DAWSON, I!, W. HABERSHAM, .1 c; ALFORD. W. T. GUI-QUITT, io. a. Nfsmo j', MARK A. COOPER, THOMAS BUTLER KINO, EDWARD J- BLACK, LOTT WARREN. '■p |Vo Slips from tLc North yesterday. rfVWc nmitlcil slating (hut the bale of new Colton brought to this city on Friday las', hom llio plantation of Mr. Turner Clanton, was pur -1 chased by Messrs. Build & Rowland. The Augusta Benevolent Society. By reference to our advertising columns, it | will be seen that the lirst anniversary of (his society will be held this evening, at the Masonic j Hall, at eight o’clock. Composed as is this asso- I elation of all religious denominations, for the express purpose of relieving (be tide poor nf j our city, we hope the meeting will be well attend- j cd ; and as (ho evenings are now short, we arc requested to stale that lire exercises will commence punctually at 8 o’clock. Specie. The ship Celia, recently arrived at Savannah from New York, with #OO,OOO in specie, lor the Bank of the Slate of Georgia and its Branch at Macon. Letters, &c. lor Texas. Extract of a letter from New Orleans ;—"All letters and papetsfor Texas should bo post paid, and addressed to lire caro nf Samuel Ricker, dr. Agent of the Texian Post OHicc Department, New Orleans, by whom they will ho forwarded on lho Ist and 15lh of every month ” If not post paid they will not bo forwarded. Wc have received the fust No. of n new peri odical publication, entitled "The American Silk Grower,” published at Philadelphia, ard edited by Ward Chcsncy & Brothers, of Burlington, New Jersey. A work of tire above description, which is much wanted, we have no doubt will meet with an extensive pa'ronage. We hope the Agriculturists of Georgia, will give to the sub' ject the attention it deserves. A public dinner was offered to Mr. Prentiss, of Mississippi, by the citizens of Portland, who wished to welcome him to his native place,—but ho declined, ns it does not fall within the scope of the short and flying visit he is making his relatives, to accept the honor. Flour was held at Cincinnati, on the Bth hist:, at $5, hut sales generally at from #4 75 to 4 881 —whiskey in fair request at 03 els. Bacon, hog round, 8j a Bc. Considerable sales ol Lard at 8 a Bj. Small lots of mess pork are offered at $l9 a 30. The Halifax Acadian Recorder, of lho4lh i;a slant, in an article complaining of "the encroach ment” of fishermen from the United State, says ‘‘the crew of the American fi dinig schr. Governor liarric, ok’ New IlndforJ, Inniletl »»i Hunsoau, and Buvt iclj iiiuUicu'ca one ol llio inlidl'liuiiia. schooner was provided with muskets and manned by 9 persons.” It is added, “she was boarded afterwards by 11. Cowley, Esq. and although she made a show of resistance the master was made a prisoner, and subsequently had to make ample a mends to the parly injured.” About the same time that the circumstances above related occurred, a boat’s crew of one of her majesty’s ships went on board another Ame rican fishing vessel at the Magdalen Islands, and threw all the fish she had taken overboard. The Recorder comments on this with no very gracious spirit, for it thinks such examples will hoof use, and it is certain, “the country, would unhesitatingly and unanimously applaud every endeavour to clear the coast of thoso interlopers who have infested it, for years, with impunity, to the detriment undeniably, nay, ruin almost, of the commerce and fishery of Nova Scotia.” Population. Spain has an average of 63 individuals to the square mile; Scotland, 73; Denmark, 70; Mas sachusetts, 78 : Connecticut, 73; Rhode Island, i 63; New York, 44; N. Jersey, 38; Maryland, 32 ; Pennsylvania, 39 ; New Hampshire, 38 ; Vermont, 38 ; Ohio, 39 ; South Carolina, 18 ; Virginia, 17 ; Tennessee 17 ; North Carolina, 1:3 ; Maine, 13; Indiana, 18; Georgia, 9; Alabama, 0 ; Louisiana, 5 ; Mississippi, 3 , Illinois, 3 ; Mis souri, 3. Michigan Flour.—The rapid set'lernont of this young member ol the National Confe deracy by nn industrious population is already drawing from her fertile soil a greater amount of brOtulsinfw than is required for domestic consumption. Tito Detroit Advertiser of Tuesday last says: —“Michigan begins to ex pert, in earnest. Already, u largo amount of llour has been sent down the L ike, arid it comes in upon ns from tiro country every hour in the day. Among other shipments, one of our prominent llour dealing linns sold and shipped on Tuesday last, on account ot a New York firm, one hundred barrels from the Arm Arbor, York and Saline mills of Washtenaw comity. The same company have made ar rangements to ship Hour largely tins fall. F.ve ry citizen of Michigan will look upon this as a bright era in irer agricultural history.” The Capitol at Washington. —The cor respondent of the Harriot says that lire work of restoring tiro magnificent Hail of Representatives lo its ancient form and appearance is in rapid progress. Among other alter ations, the Speaker’s I Chair will bo placed where it formerly stood ; and the desks and seals of the members arranged I exactly as originally designed, and facing the I bodies’ Gallery ;—so that tho fair visitors to that I put of the building, will no longer ho obliged to I nst content with a view of the ‘-bach from’ oft tlosc whom they come lo listen lo and admire; \ hit may see the beams of feeling from the eves, i J aid the flash of passion on ihu checks of their ! | favorite orators and rhetoricians. The mam err- | j trance will he by the great door opposite the!' j Speaker's chair, and opening from the handsome i 1 j lobbey between the Ro unda and lire Hall. The 1 j passages will be more narrow, and there will he ,t ii i platform on thenorthern side ot the hall 11 I Multi mb 11 Son . 11 From the Baltimore. American, August \k. The Resumption. Yesterday was the period fixed for the general resumption of specie payments t.y the banks in n majority of the Stales. In Baltimore the transi tion was one of perfect calmness- the event hav. ing been in a very great measure anticipated by the pay ini nls in coin which all the banks have ; been morn or less, making fur same lime past, in : the redemption of their own notes and those is ! sued by the City Corporation. In fact, silver i coin has been ut par for a week or ten days past, j and numbers of those who have been hoarding their quart* and half pecks of silver change since j the suspensi ti, have been bringing it again to light, gla l to relieve themselves of the anxi jus ; charge of its safe keeping. Many of these hoard jcd slocks have already found their way to the Banks, and we have no doubt that tire resumption j will have the effect of making these institutions ; richer in coin than ever. The primary cause of the ease with which the resumption has been effected, — preceded and attended, as it has been, ; with little or no inconvenience to the business community,-—is the judiciously liberal and pru dent manner in which the concerns of the Banks j have been administered since the suspension.— The monetary ailairs of out city, we arc happv to believe, were never in a more sound and health ful state, and they only require the faithful exer cise of the same good judgement to keep them so. With (ho return of specie payments comes the res toration of confidence, and attendant on the lat lel will he die revival, in due lime, of the trade and commerce of the country to their former ac tivity and prosperity. A great day for the Country. To-day all the Banks of New England, the Middle States, parts of the Southern Slates, and parts of the Western Stales, resume specie pay- I tnenls. I here is to he a Jubilee thereupon in many parts of Pennsylvania. We now deem it highly probable, that on the Ist January next, till the other Stales will have a stand and u sub stantial currency. Tennessee and i.ouisiana arc preparing. Alabama and Mississippi must fol low suit anon. About ten years ago now, linker- of the curren cy, trom liieOapit il at Washington, where Blind Cm—'co in the whirlwind of party, had tossed them, iiid.T'tigaT ll their dissatisfaction with a currency, then the best ud thccanli, "f-osidcrittg the extent of country in which it circulated. They then promised the nation a better run. iikncy, and a baud money Goteunment. They got control of the Federal Government, and of two thirds of the Slates, and llu-y made Banks, without number, trephng them in quantity, and in the amount of their paper issues. The hub hie, thus inflated by the Government itself, burst on the 10th of May, 1837. For the “Yellow Boys that were to flow up the Mississippi,” and “the Golden Eagles that were to peep through the interstices of the long silken purses, ’’ wc have had the Wild Gat money of Michigan, the Shin Plasters of the Corporations, and “Good lot a Shave,” and ‘'Good fora Drink," ik c. ftc., — and for ihe “Haiid Money Goveiinment,” wo have had Puotested Tiikasuky Duafts with out number. And last, though not least, wo now have laws for twenty millions of Tueasuhy Notes, signed by Marlin Van Buren himself, the only In it El) eem an le UuuiiENCY, after tu-U iy, north of the Potornae, or ihe Onio river,—or in Virginia, North Carolina, or Kentucky ! The Banks now, the 13th of August, 1838, after a period of intense distress to the Nation, have just been enabled to lake the back track to the 10th May, 1837. We arc now where were wc then, the Hucchuggers with their Hum. bugs, as active as over, puosusino now and again with promises as “irredeemable” as their Treasu ry Shin Plasters, —a hard money Government, fur a hard money people,—singing the old song of 1834, 1835, 1836, and 1837, that if we will take as much of Silas Wright’s expedients as wc took of his experiments, this dose will not hurt us, as (hat did, but that “the Yellow Boys will positively peep out the interstices of the long silken purses, ami the Gold and Silver ceiitain ly How ui; the Mississippi.” Wo have only to say, to those who like such Quacks and such Quackery, ll»«-v i..U« il»om. * tnmi money u-overnment, and a hard money People, and Smb-Tueasuhies, 100, exist in Mex ico, J’eru, Chili, and Genital America, —or over the Ocean, in Persia, —with the Turks, p.nd the Wandering Arabs, too, —and now that the Fede ral Government lias resumed its connection with “iwli JilJ'JJf;" we advise them all to enjoy the Government of their hearts, and lake up their flight to the “Deserts of Arabia,"- — J\'. T. Ex press, August 13. Horrid Murder! ! A shocking murder was committed at Sino Sing, on Saturday afternoon, the particulars of which having reached us are ns follows: The occurrence took place at the Groton Works Quarry, a short distance from the village of Sing [ Sing. The deceased was an American, a citizen of Troy, named Thomas French, a highly respec table man, who has left a wife and family of chil -1 (iron to deplore his loss Mr. French’ was by i j trade a blacksmith, and was employed in a small f [ shop near the Quarry, in sharpening the tools of the workmen. On Saturday about two o’clock, tiie overseer of the gang, Mr. Council discharged the workmen to go their dinner, saying that as it , was wet and raining they had better not return to their labor again in the afternoon. Mr. French was seen to leave for his lodgings in the direction ’ of Sing Sing, and I.) he close followed by four | Irishmen, named Oran Murray, Peter McKinley, ’ Patrick Fatten and John Conklin. The above ] named individuals in the afternoon called for their ’ j weeks dues, and were not afterwards seen, nor ’ was Mr. French, until near night, when suspi cions were aroused from the fact of his having recently' some altercation with t ho four men above named, that he had met witit foul treatment at their hands. .Search v-vs accordingly made, and the body of the deceased was discovered con ! coaled among some low hushes, which were on ; ! the way to his home. It was found that the scull • | was badly bruised, apparently by a stone, and evident marks of violence about (lie throat, and ‘ hiuisos in vaiiutis parts of the body. The Coroner held an inquest over the body, land the Jury returned a verdict of death by stran | gulaiion, and of wilful murder against the four j above named individuals. Search was imniedi atuly made for the accused but unsuccessful, and | yesterday morning Mr. Council and Mr. P. Smith were dispatched for this city, to delect if possible the murderers, if perchance they should embark on board tho boats at any of the landings. One of them. Pc er Farrell, was observed on board j the boat immediately after her leaving the Tarry town dock, and on being recognized by Messrs. Smith and Council, iho aid of officer Welsh (who happened to lie on board the steamer) was called in, who secured Farreii and brought him I before Justice Hopson, who on examination of the above lacts, committed him to prison to await the demands of the authorities o£ VV'ostchcster county, where ho will bo tried. A Sub-Tiuiasuiieu not bone. —A I.oco Focu Representative in the Stale Legislatuie, and | -Sul> Treasurer and Postmaster in ibis county, by the name ol Anthony Pouchcr, has been hound ovet to appear at the next term of the Washte naw circuit court, charged with hiving been en gaged with and harboring a gang of horse thieves anti counterfeiters for some lime past. I This is one way of keeping Mr. Van Burnn’s I Sub Treasuries from running away. Truly ihe system works to a charm! Wo shall have to acknowledge the superiority of these modern de positories after a fo.v more such practical ill listen • t ions of their flifi.lv. vprhtntr (Mich.) Hep- During the storm on Saturday evening l a< , ( n,„ barn of Mr. Wilkinson Taylor, in Baltimore County, was struck by lightning, and consumed s\soo WUl ' 3 Cr ° P ° f gra ' n ’ &C ' ValUeJ at a boui In Philadelphia on Saturday evening, the min fell copiously. The U S. Gazette stales that stable near the Schuylkill was struck by lightning and throe horses instantly killed— .and that ,|s’ upper pa,t of a dwelling in Queen 6treet w ° 8 slightly injured l.y the electric fluid passing down ■ 1 'he chtmney and escaping from the window 0 the/hnd story —Balt. Amer. Isccniuauv Auiiksted.—A man named Bal. cner. was arrested 011 Saturday on tl charge of setting lire in a house at the corner of Elliott'street and Gadsden’s Alley, and occupied by his wife ns a Bailor's Boarding House Th tire, when discovered, had alre »ly been comma <’ 11 "toted 10 a largo quantity of loose cotton and ' bedding. Baicher is in confinement to await bis Inal.— Charlatan Mercury, 20 Hi just. \ Exlruc '«of a letter to ilio editor ot the Charles, j toil Mercury, dated Peai mnr, Aug. 17. Having recently visited sc, d- plantations, 1 i have been induced to write a || tl()s or) (| I condition ol the crops in tins to urbliorhood- We I have been suffering scvciely Cm me last six weeks | lor warn ot rain, and the prospecis of the planter are nidceii gloomy. Those who planted early can have done very well, but as it is customary hcie to plant a portion of corn in April, the latter | plantings are almost entirely destroyed hy ih,. drought. 1 have teen Helds ot April corn, that will not yield live bushels to the acre, and I have heaid ot some that have been cut up for fodder, ihe cotton crops have suliered severely, entire fields have been in the will for the last month, in many places the plants are neaily dead, the alleys strewed with dry leaves that ciaeii under the (bet like forest leaves in winter. And when it shall please Providence to visit us with rain, and the excessive heat should leave any fruit, the plants are so diseased that a moiety of what remains must go. 1 think most of the crops 1 have seen fully us had as they were the last year after the gale. j Tallahassee, (Fa ) Aug. If Wo have before us two specimens' of cut J ton j t.r; ! , ”" t 9"!'atul Hie Black Seed or Sea 4 Is and (.‘o'lon, ga'lmred atout the first of tics m month from Col. Gadsden’s plauia'ion in Jet« ■ ferson. Considering the season, the Sta Is- I laud is very early, and only contirnis the opin. ion of the favorable adaptation of Carolina g Sea Islands to Florida soil and climate. Our H cunt crops are now beyond hazaid, and inn. fl varsally pronounced as abundant. The cotton H crops generally aro la r; probably very good, and 1 uni the representations from other Col- I ton growing districts, we have no doubt will • compare with any crops in the South, Indued Middle Florida, on an imparlial examination - t* of Iter capabilities will compare with any % the cotton producing d strict?. It is believed t she may challenge an exhibit with Alabama 'y and Mississippi, although she has very unjust- M ly, not been noted hitherto as an equal. 'll We received last vyeek.a few bowls of cot. -T ton already opened from the plantation o< Mr. 11. 11. Walker, at Slicll Point, which we in. adverlamly omitted to notice in onr last, ft • is an excellent specimen. Floridian. Westehn District—The Chop, &c. A gentleman who lias been for several weeks travel ling through the Western District, writes us un- M der dale “Bolivar, August. 2nd. We have very HR warm, dry weather in the District. Many of the B farmers arc cutting up their corn to save the fail- H j der. A great number of cornfields that eight j weeks ago bid fair for ten barn Is to the acre, will B j not produce one. The farmers arc wearing ear- W I rowful faces. Water is also very scarce in many | neighborhoods. Vegetables ot every kind arc B j nearly burned up except Tomatce- and Water- N | melons.” —Nashville f'i’enn.J Banner. SItIHKIXO EtENJ- TWJVTT, r . . B IIKOW.VEII.—J he lollowmg particulars arc sent B by our Barnsley correspondent: fcfjf •T have this week to give you the most disaa- if trous account of loss of blc and propeity that ever P ; fell to my lot to record. On Wednesday afternoon P :; n most violent thunder storm look place in this B 1 (.art, when large pieces of ice fell, which had not |i j dissolved on Thursday, and which broke nearly B | all the glass in the gardens of F. V. Wentworth, B i Esq. Wentworth Castle, doing much damage, (q p the amount of about 500/, The sudden rush of B water caused one of Messrs. Field, Cooper and ft Co’s, coal pits to ho nine yards deep, as well as K'' • washed a great part of their rail way up. The EL Hood has done a great deal of damage along the E valley from Little Houghton to Silkslonc. Win- ft dows have been broken in nearly all the houses K from Bound Green to Silkstone, hy the large pie ces of ico. Such a flood has not been known EB since 1807 at Silkstone, where the houses woie iB from lour to five feet deep in water. In many gardens not only the crop but even the soil, also, RS ■ l has been carried away. Large trees were rooted up and taken down the stream. fcy. But hy far the most d.eadful [art of the at B count is that, twenty six lives have been lost, i K ' obtained the following particulars on the apoi; an H j the water was seen to be running down Iho shaft E'] of a coal pit belonging to Mr. B. C. Clarke, at 1 'l Silkstone, the person in authority at the top sent ’ a man into the pit to order all to put out their 1 ' lights, and come out ns soon as possible. Con' I scquenlly all made the best of their way to the I . pit bottom, expecting to be drawn out immediate- I ly; but lamentable to relate, on account of so K much water having (alien, the steam engine could P. scarcely keep the steam up, and they could not 1 ho drawn out. About forty of the smaller chil> B : dren then set off in the day hole, the horizontal ■ | shall hy which persons walk in or out of the pi! ■ . | without going up or down the perpendicular shaft- P ' Having got through a trap.door that is sot a 1 ‘ j few yards up the day, hole hoardgate, and airout K - j leu or twelve yards below what is called “a slit,” I, j driven in a top bed of coal, full of dirt, they wen) T, f | making the best of their way up tho road, when I j the water hurst into the day hole, met the chib I I dren, nnd (orccd twenty-six of them back to tho |•’ I door, where they were afterwards found nil quite I dead, within the space of eleven nr twelve yards I f j between the door and the slit f Fourteen of the t., | iarg st children escaped by getting into the old I slits ends. The sufferers were from the ago of j ' seven years to seventeen. It was the most heart Ifitj rending sight that could be witnessed to see the I - carls, with the bodies in them, going through I '. i Silkstone, leaving a corpse or two, neatly at every Lr' door; the women, in a state of distraction, tom- H ing the hair from their heads. —Leeds M rcunj. IS The Postage on single letters between this » city and Buffalo, lias, we learn, been reduced Ej from 25 cents to IS| cents, subject to the decision J of the Postmaster General, it having been ascer* p laincd that the route via Oswego, brings Buffalo E within -100 miles of New York. —New I orh K C mirier. K Wo understand the commissioners of the Cana! E Fund of tho Stale of Ohio have disposed of tlieii E loan of twelve hundred thousand dollars at a P r( ‘ ■ mium of §O-8 and 8 1.2 per cents. — N. I. P° 3 ■ f A letter from a friend dated Northumberland. I Pa.. August 18, says—“ The corn crops are dr • troyed from a distance of 20 miles from Philaael phia to this place—and much higher up the rm'- t as I learn. From Philadelphia west for abau 1 20 miles they look pretty well, and may 1)0 re ” tored by a copious (all of rato. Ba'ln ■ AtnfO'» ' enu