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WILLIAM K. JOXES. A.IJKUSTA, TSII’KSWAY UKOKSINCi!, SISPTEiVIISIRK 13 3 s« 2 s ~7~
_._ _ , _ ' 5 * [ lr»-weekly.]--Vol. 11-No. 111.
Published
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responsible according to our own.
H. Advertisements sent to ns from a distance,
with an order to he copied by oilier papers, must be ,
accompanied with the cash to the amount it is
desired they should he published in each paper, '
or a responsible reference
CiriIONICLK AND SHNTINKI„.
(UIGIJST.iI
Wednesday Morning, September 12.
~-r~ ■■■■■ ~ ~~i
STATE RIGHTS TICKET
roil C 0 N 011 ESS.
WM. C. DAWSON,
K. W. HABERSHAM,
.1 C ALFORD,
W. T. COLQUITT,
E, A. NISBET,
mark a. cooper,
THOMAS BUTLER KINO,
EDWARD J- BLACK,
LOTT WARREN.
Col. Habersham.
The loiter of this gentleman, which wo pnb
lished yesterday, is one of flic most interesting
and statesman-like documents we have had the
pleasure of perusing for a long period. He ad
duces his opinions with frankness and indepen
dence, and sustains them with the urns'dispas
sionate and unanswerable aigumcnts, drawn from
reason, observation and experience. How diflcrent
is the tone of this letter from those of the Van
Buren candidates!—He writes like a man and a
philosopher, who thinks for himselj —they an
swer like school boys who have committed their
parts to memory, and speak ns they have been
instructed. Their flippant flourishes about "Di
vorce,” "Democracy,” ‘Federalism,” “Diddle and
the Banks,” and ‘‘the constitutional currency,”
which they have picked from the Globe and
Standard of Union, sound like the
“You'd scarce expect one of my ago
To speak in public on the stage”
of some "three feet” urchin who supposes ho has
reached the acme of human perfection, when he
can repeat his part without missing a woid, at a
Friday evening’s exhibition. Two years ago,
they puffed and praised the pet hank system, as
net only “Demacralic,” but as the very perfection
of financial wisdom. Now they have mounted
the "Divorce” hobby, which, when they have
run it down, they will abandon and abuse as a
vile "federal measure.” After that they will
mount some other “democratic” hobby—any
thing, no matter what—as well something which
they now abuse, as something they now approve
—if it is likely but to please their party leaders
and create popular excitement! But wo are
digressing.
Col. Habersham believes a National Bank,
Under certain restrictions and limitations, which
he points out, to bo both constitutional and ex--
pedient, occupying, as he himself says, the
ground occupied on that subject l.y Washington,
Madison, Crawford, and Calhoun, all of whom
have either sanctioned or supported a Bank of
the United Sta'cs.
f. He opposes the project of exacting the revenues
Tf c [ the Government in gold and silver.
As a mere matter of individual preference, ho
thinks Henry Clay would suit the South better
fur President than Van Buren, hut should he lie
clcc'cd, and the election of President devolve
upon the House of Representatives, he will fed
hound to support whoever receives the electoral
vote of the Stale. This is ns much as can rea
sonahly he required of any Representative.
However much some of our friends may dilli-r
with Col. 11. in opinion, upon some points, yet
there is not one hut must admire his candor, and
the uncommon ability with which he. treats this
subject. A truer patriot—a man more thoroughly
Georgian in interests, principles and feelings,
than Col, 11., can no where bo found. His
I whole life proves it—but the Slate Rights party
1 know him, and knowing him to be in every way
I worthy of their suffrages, he will got them.
! Wo learn by the Milledgeville papers, that
! Governor Gilmer has issued bis orders lor raising
! a regiment of eight companies of Militia, in lire
Southern counties, lor the purpose of expelling
the Indians from the Okcfinokee swamp.
\darn G. Safluld, of Morgan county, has been
appointed, by the Governor, Judge of the Superior
Courts fm the Northern Circuit, to /ill the va
cancy of Judge Polhill, deceased.
Health or Moiiile.—The report of the
Sexton of Mobile, for the month of August,
shows the number of deaths to be—Whites 32,
Blacks 13. Total 45.
Vermont election.
By a slip received at the olfico of the N. Vork
Courier mid Enquirer, from the Vcrgcnnes Ver
monter, of Wednesday last, wo learn that from
the prospects so far, the Whigs had probably car
ried every thing before them. The Vermonter
gives the slate of the vote in some thirty towns, in
not one of which had the Tories a majority.
For the Chronicle j Sentinel.
To (lie State Rights men of Georgia.
What course do you intend to pursue in (lie
approaching Congressional Election I It is fear
ed by many of our friends, and anxiously hoped
by our opponents, that we will divide and be
conquered. But I have too much confidence in
the integrity of our party, and in the good sense
liberality and patriotism of its individual mem
bers, to entertain for a moment an idea that any
of them Will adopt a policy so absurd and childish
in its conception and so suicidal in its eo:,sequen
ces, W hat ! will wc abandon the cherished
principles for which wo have so long contended
and the vantage ground which we have secured
by years of unremitting toil and labour, because
of a mere difference of opinion upon a single
measure of expediency I Is this the spirit of
brotherly love, of kindness, of charily, of patriot
ism I Arc we bound together by so weak a lie
that we can sacrifice nothing to an honest differ
ence of opinion, upon an insulated question, in a
political friend I If it ho so, the party is not
■worth preserving ; it is a mere mob, destitute of
every ennobling characteristic that could entitle it
to respcc'. If there is any who arc disposed to
proscribe their political friends, because they dif
fer on the Sub-Treasury question, permit me to
enquire of thorn, what end they propose to ac
complish 1 Is it to elect the Union Ticket I As
suredly not; yet, if they persist in such a course,
this is the certain and inevitable eonseqence.
They know full well that the Union Parly will
not vote for any of our Gandida'os in preference
to their own, and that our Ticket, if it succeeds
at all, must do so by a concentrated party vote.
Should those of our parly, therefore, who advo
cate the Sub. Treasury scheme refuse to vote (or
the Candidates, who oppose it, or vice versa,
they do lhal, which is in died a support of the
Union Ticket, and the -whole of out Candidates
must necessarily bo defeated. This is so plain,
that it needs no argument to enforce it. I trust
then lhal wc will hear no morn of division and
proscription} that every Stale Rights man “will
do unto others, as ho would wish others to do un
to him,” and that, with an eye fixed upon the
consecrated principles of the parly, and a soul fill
ed with the spirit of mutual forbearance, kind
ness and charily, wo will rally to the pulls as one
man, determined to battle shoulder to shoul
der, and to conqueror to fall together.
TROUP.
Tun Taiiikf Ciuculau.—The New York
afternoon papers of Thursday have the following
notice, emanating wc presume Irom the Collector
of that poll:
Wc understand that the Collector has not, as
yet, received the printed Circular, about which
so much has been said, but we also learn that he
has become satisfied that it will not be made to
operate, so as to effect merchandize now in port,
and unentered; and that he will to-morrow sur
render up die conditional obligations, taken from
die merchants, to comply with the ultimate de
cisions of the Ticasury on the disputed questions.
From the W ashington News.
J/r. Coding ■ —You very justly remarked in
your “ Circular” to the “fitute Rights party of
Georgia,” that troin the injudicious movements
of sonic of its friends—that the coming election
was fraught with momentous consequences to us
as a party.
To correct in kind terms, and -woo in brotherly
language, those who have acted injudiciously,
will, I hope.be the first feature that shall charac
terise your labours as the editor of the “News.”
Charge the blame not on that portion of the
parly who the “Sub-Treasury,” nor upon
that, who oppose it. Each branch of the patty
have, perhaps, conii United by imprudence, in
bringing about a state of tilings, so much to he
deprecated. Wo may, and will as a parly, differ
in regard to particular measures of expediency.
It is not to be supposed, that the parly, compri
sing as it does, some THIRTY-FIVE THOU
SAND or more men—could all agree, upon
every measure of the day ! No! And if, as a
paitv man, I am compelled to think in perject
■ un sun with so many heads, upon every subject,
which perchance may be agitated ; then indeed
have I misconstrued the requirements that would
1 j constitute mo a'member of the parly,
i There arc points, however, (and those the most
| important) upon which wo all agree. Wc, as a
r 1 party, agree in contending Im the Right of Stale
I interposition in all infractions of the CossTf-
J | tut] ox * We, as a party, agree in condemning
3 | the Doctrines of the “Pbocla.matio.n” and ol
| the ‘ Foiict Bill ’ We, as a par'y, agree in
I warring aguin-t corruption in our pulilic servants ;
wo, as a parly, agree in demanding of our public
men, as a system ot relienchmotu and reform.”
And we, as a parly, DID agree, through dele,
gates, sent for the purpose, to support the “Slate
Rights Congressional I iekot, regardless of minor
differences of opinion. That ticket is now be.
, (no ns, ir vitingour support on the first Monday
in October next. Will wo make good our pledge,
by supporting each and every mini that compose
i it 1 For one, I answer most emphatically, “1
WIFI,. And for the same reasons which in
duce 11.0 In support it, 1 will support the State
Kighls Tickr l ol Wilkes county.' This is the
course, Mr. Editor, 1 uni persuaded that you and
every other citizen cf Wilkes county, and of
the Stale of Georgia, who claims the high and
ennobling cognomen of Nullifier, will ink,..
A VOTER OF WILKES.
I rum Hu' Aiw Voik Express, 7th inst.
Money Market.
TncnsDAT Emsi-rc.
t 'cr some 1200 shares of all sorts of stock
are recorded to-day as having changed hands.—
I rices are generally down. U. 8. Hunk shares
sold to-day at 1
To day was emphatically a dull one on Wall
street. All sorts ot exchanges wore stationary.
Money is daily becoming more scarce. We have
scon various reasons assigned for the scarcity
just at this time. Hut they all resolve themselves
into one, v.z; Hi* the pleasure of the hanks to
cease their usual accommodations in the usual
channels. So it will ever be, where the circula
ting medium is furnished by hanks. As to the
reason that influences them to this course, their
own interest is perhaps the only satisfactory one.
The, ceasing to loan upon pledges of stocks and
southern and western funds produces quite a
lightness in Wall-street, which will continue till
other arrangements are made to procure money.
Some think that the expiration of the Mortgage
Law in October lias some effect on the money
market. We arc of a contrary opinion, for the
simple reason that the supply to the usual chan
nels of money, for purposes of trade, does not
depend Upon those capitalists who are willing to
invest in fast estate.
Mr. Hiddio lias broke ground in front of his
properly in Wall street for the purpose of con
structing the vault to the new banking house.
Wo understand dial it is his intention to push
forward the building before the winter sets in.
The subscription to (lie American Exchange
Hank goes on steadily. Enough has been secur
ed to enable the concern to go into operation.
Exchange to.day on London ruled at 109 A—
transactions very light. On France the lulu was
sf. 20e. and flat.
Uy the Congress, from Valparaiso, this day
anived, there has conic #230,000 in specie. At
New Hcdford, on the sih instant, there arrived
#20,000 in specie from Antwerp.
In New Jersey, we regret to slate, the fires in
tile woods continue to rage and carry devastation
in their path. The U. S. Gazette says, “We
have already alluded to the destruction of the val
uable trees in the cedar swamps, and wo regret to
learn that so deep has the fire wrought in the
moss ami roots which cover and mingle in the
soil, that there is great reason to fear that these
trees will not again exhibit themselves in their
wonted location, and thus the marshy and watery
places that have been the most valuable land in
Jersey on account of the cedars, will become a
useless waste.” Wo copy the following- from the
Mount Holly Herald :
(.’rent fire in the pines.
From day to day wo see largo Columns of
smoke, ascend from flies in the Hines. At night
the glare of the conflagration adds beauty and awe
to the spectacle
This is an era of Jeep distress to our citizens—
the proprietors ol woodland, and the farmers arc
made to fed an nllliction almost equal to the
Egyptian scourges. All signs having failed to
produce ruin, the streams and vegetation almost
exhausted to complete the distress, lire after lire
has prevailed in the pine and cedar lands, devour
ing timber worth thousands upon thousands.—
We regret In slate that one of the most destruc
tive originated from culpapie temerity—the burn
ing of a brush heap has caused a In s of 50 thou -
sand dollars in timber, the lire still raging. The
one nearest ns, began near Retreat Factory—lias
gono ill the vicinity of Aaron H. Moore’s, burn
ing for him and others to a large amount. More
fires arc perceptible, hut wo cannot stale their
precise locality. Hundreds of people are employ
ed day and night, fighting the destroyer.
The following paragraph respecting this seri
ous calamity is from the New ifork Star of Thurs
day :
Dread fit I Fire in New-Jersey
The fire in the New Jersey woods, wo just
learn from a gentleman who left Hornenlown yes
ictday, lias increased to a most alarming and
frightful extent. Millions of properly have al
ready been Consumed. A space of 20 miles in
length by 14 in breadth, through Uurlinglon and
Monmouth counties, and consisting chiefly of
pine woods and cedar swamps, is now in a s'ale
of conflagration. The clouds of smoko are seen
twenty miles oil', and at night the air is filled with
a I Uriel blaze which dims the moon. The grass
and woods arc so parched from the drought that
the flames spread with lightning-like rapidity,
presenting at night a scene of unparallelled sub
lirnity. A groat, many houses and thousands of
cords of woods arc destroyed ; and it is feared a
number of persons, hemmed in by the flames,
| have perished,
I . -
Shipwreck.— The Charleston Mercury of yes
terday says;—“Tho brig Elm, Rodgers, sailed
hence oth uit for Havana, was wrecked 10th ult.
on Abaco, tho vessel would be a total loss, the
crew safe. All the cargo except the ground tier,
would be saved, a part of which had arrived ol
Nassau, in Wreckers. The vessel and cargo was
insured in this city.
From u lute English jmjji r
Famine in India,
The upper provinces of Ihe Bengal piocideitcy
wore (when the last despatches reached England,)
the scenes of the most fiightful misery and mor
tality.
Owing In the extreme poverty of tlie natives,
' occasioned by tlies impolitic and ruinous system
1 pursued by the government of India towards tbo
1 occupiers and cultivators of the soil, tens of thou
• sands have been reduced to ntier starvation. On
■ tho 14th of April. last 73,00!) pining wretches,
I men, women, and children, were fed by bounty
i at Agra; anil between tho 1-1 and 15th of March
71,523 infirm and sightless creatures were rcl'u
-1 ved in a similar manner. Wo great have been
i the ravages of death that the sir for miles is lain
a ted with the effluvia from tbo purifying carcas
- ecu of inert and cattle, and the livers of tlio Jum
g na and Ganges choked up and poisoned hy the
-I 1 dead bodies thrown into their channels. Tin
n 1 water and fish of thee riven are rejected as unfit
. for nso, anil men arc kept conslnnlly employed in
! pushing the accumulated bodies down ihc tor
> rrnis. From (lie July number of Iho Oriental
Herald wo learn that starvation, disease, and
death arudoing their work at Uawnpore, Muttra,
Gwalior, and Delhi, while the wculthi. r natives
look on w th listlossness and unconcern. Though
a Is.nine tund has been established by the Euro
pean public ot India, it is found impossible to
' meet the necessities of the destitute and dying
' multitude.
A correspondent in Calcutta thus vvri ea on
Iho 10th of April:—“Since lho despatch of the
overland mail for Doreniee, which left Bombay
‘ at tbo close of last month, public attention in
this quarter has hen engrossed by the accounts
which daily reach tno capital of the horrid rava
ges of famine in the provinces to the west and
north west. It is inq ossible to compute the num
hers who die in their tedious .progress from the
desolate districts to the towns where food is pro
curable. Wc hear almost daily of mothers deser
ting their children on the highways; of infants
crawling around the granaries to pick up the
grains ol rice accidentally scattered during the
process of distribution at the doors; of the roads
being lined with dead bodies, a prey to tho vulture
and jackal; of the course of small rivers actually
obstructed by the masses of bodies thrown therein,
by those who are employed to clear the high
ways; of the inhabitants of the large towns of
Agra, Cawnparo, Arc., being compelled to alum,
doit their evening drive, from the impossibility of
encountering tho effluvia from the putrid corses
around? end the worst of it is, that, two months
mote must escape hofotc a fall of rain can he ex
pected, and the earth yield fruit wherewith to np’
pease the irresistible cavings of hunger.
Some views of Hie proposed divorce of the Co v
eminent from the Jinnies, tiddresscd to the
candid of all parlies,
Letter No. V.
It. has not at any time been my purpose to etc
amine tho Sub Treasury system in detail, hut it
seemed to me proper to present some general
views of it sulliciehl to awake tho attention and
draw upon it (ho scrutiny of all men who love
their country mote than their parly. I was un
willing to see a system so full id’ mischief fasten
ed upon Us without some remonstrance on our
part, and I felt the more inclined to oiler this re
monstrance because I plainly saw that an effort
would ho made to march the Stale flights parly
into the ranks of un odious and tottering Admin
istration, under this very Hull Trcasuiy banner.
Ii is declared to lie a Southern measure, and is
recommend to our favor, us a scheme calculated
to lessen Executive patronage I
Hitherto I have confined myself to a view of
tlis linoncial aspect of the scheme. To me, it
seems sufficiently unpromising. The field is
wide, hut I have lieiilu-r the inclination nor the
leisure to survey it further. I shall in tho pre
sent number, name some of the chief political
objections to the extraordinary system which wo
have been considering, and lake my leave of the
subject- I trust that there is enough of wisdom
and of patriotism in the present Congress to seal
its fate forever, ami that posterity will find il
spread upon the pages of history ns one of those
wild projects which arc born and which expire
amid the political excitements which iho action
of all free govenimenis sometimes bring about.
If the Hub Treasury system is uusuilcd to our
co idilion as a commercial people, spread out over
a vusi, country, rapidly growing in wealth and
advancing in the icliiiemrii's of modern hoc ety,
if its influence will check die spirit of enterprise,
and produce in business universal stagnation, it
is infinitely more dangerous in its political ten
dency.
The other objections though certainly very se
rious, are greatly out weighed by this. Indeed I
think the political aspect of the scheme is of the
most alarming character—siillicicmly no 1 had
supposed lii appal the whole country. The en
couragements of power cannot he watched with
too much jealousy, and I am at. a loss to conceive
how any one who has looked into the political
history of the world, feeling as Jjolinghroke did
that “history is philosophy leaching by examples,”
can favor a system so hostile as this is, to every
principle which has been regarded as important
to the preservation ot that government under
which wc live.
The political system which embraces the Uni
ted Stales, is unlike any other. Its administra
tion must be guarded wit h extreme vigilance, if
we keep its numerous and complex powers within
their proper spheres.
Every measure adopted by the government
should have regard to our interests as a whole
people.
Il ought hot to he partial in its design, or its
operation, hut should act with tho utmost attaina
ble uniformity upon all parts of our extended
country. It ought, at least, to contemplate the
general welfare. It is perhaps impossible to ex
clude sectional partialities from Iho deliberations
of Congress, hut before a measure receives the
sanction of all the blanches of the government,
it should he understood to promise in its rosulta
the good of tlie whole nation. A departure from
lids principle is an abuse of power, and con
duels to the roost absolute despotism. Now who
that examines the Hull Treasury system is pre
pared to say that il will promote tho general wel
fare of the American people! Its warmest ad
vocates, recommend il to our favor as a Southern
1 measure, and call upon us to sustain It on this
ground. Dot this is a merit which it does not
, possess. It die Huh Treasury benefits any sec
tion of the country, that section will surely not
ho the. South. All our products are for sale, and
i il is of the utmost consequence to us, that the
i world should ha aide to pay.
Lint the objection to the scheme is, that il tends
to render inconvenient and expensive, a free and
frequent intercourse between the several portions
| of our wide country. Our bi-lory, our origin,
our struggles, and our liiumphs, are common
property, and our dosliny ought to be die same.
■' Any system vvhicli lends to dissociate ns, ought
i to he rejected, and this must he the tendency el a
t system, which loaves unprovided with a sound
. currency, possessing a uniform value throughout
the length and bread hos our land. It has been
perhaps fortunate for the stability of our Union,
that the different sections of our country have
boon in some measure dependent on eacli other,
and I hat their soil and the pursuits of their in,
r habitants have been widely different. When the
| time arrives, if il should ever arrive, that these
• sections become independent of each other, ami
their inhabitants compete with each other in all
, the pursuits which bring wealth, then will there
i Stales be dismembered. We shall cease to feel
) us one people—prejudices, which are now soften
ed by a better knowledge of each other derived
i f.oiii frequent intercourse, will grow up, wc shall
i, forget lha| the blood of our fathers was mingled
y upon the battle field—and jealousy will with time
Ii rise into hatred. Ho long as wo arc ono people,
!. it is our policy to depend on each other, to keep
n op a constant and uncmburnissed intercourse,
i There arc some features in the Sub Treasury
scheme which aro perfectly now to the American
i- people. So lar they have scarcely felt the re
e strain's of government. The display of authori.
o ' ly, the insolence of office, anil the iron hand nl
it I power, have not been ol on seen amongst us.
i The government dues have been quietly oo’lcct
' 011 without expense lo it, or inconvenience to
the people. I!ut this system is lo bring alioul a
ehnngo in nil this. Olliuersof the General Gov
ernmcnl, clothed with “a little brief nmliorily ”
are lo bo stnlioued amongst ns; dependent Tor
their bread upon cringing subserviency lo their
masters, they will be insolent to every one else
Those Receivers General will become odious oils'
ougli. Jay gatherers, whether petty or great, are
not the most agrccdlilo gentlemen in the world
uml an American will not look upon those offi
oors who are in the pay of a grinding and odious
government with remarkable allbelion. If, un
fortunately for our country, the system should he
adopted, heneclorth the General Government will
tlopcnd lor its existence, not on the aUbclion of
the people, hut on its ability to keep thorn in un
complaining subjection. The political system of
the United Stales is one of consent, its best de»
lonco, is the spontaneous alleclion of the people.
I.et it lose its paternal character, and became hard
and exacting, and it cun exist no longer.
Hut the great objection to the system is (hat it
destroys the balance of power in the government.
U concentrates vast powers in the hands of the
President. How any one can entertain the ex,
traordinary opinion that it will lessen Executive
patronage, is to mo most strange. If I hail been
called mi to propose a scheme which should make
the President of the United stales a perfectly ir
tcs'ponsihle officer, which should confer upon him
resistless authority, this system would have form
ed one ol its leudins teatures. Names, are do*
signed lo he descriptive of peculiar political forms,
when applied to governments, hut they are not
always so. A Monarchy some;lines blesses a
people with a much higher enjoyment ot liberty,
than some governments styled Republics. No- !
thing is gained in the way of liberty by culling a ,
government republican, when it lias lost every
tiling popular hut its name, and there may exist
just as much despotism under i», us ii it were sty
led an absolute Monarchy. That government
in which the power resides witli llio people, is a
republic—that which gives the power toond man (
is a despotism. In the government of the Uni- ,
ted Stales certain high powers are given lo the
President. Ho executes tlio laws, and lo sustain
ids authority, the command of Lite entire armed
force of the country is conferred upon him. Our J
fathers with a wise and careful attention lo the
lessons sf experience, gave him no control over
the purse of the nation. In the distribution of ‘
powers, they placed the public funds under the {
control ol the Representatives of the people; for
they well knew that if the purse and the sword
were placed in the same bauds, liberty would ex
ist only at the pleasure of Hut tyrant who held
them. Until the administration of General Jack- (
son these powers were kept distinct—a jealous
vigilance preserved them so. Hut in Ids furious (
warfare against the Hank of the United Slates,
lie seized the public funds, with a violent hand
pul the Constitution under his feel, and changed
not the name, hut the essential character of our
government, by constituting himself dictator.
This act brought upon him the just rebuke of
the Senaeof the United htiales, a rebuke which
history w ill faithfully record, where (lie supple,
Clinging puppets of an enraged tyrant can never
expunge it. Now the Buh.-Tieasury scheme,
proposes to give lids dangerous contiol over the
public funds, to tlio President as a permanent
power. It may he asked how 1 By giving them
into the charge of the Secretary ol the Treasury,
and inferior officers—and by making those uUlcers
solely dependent on and responsible to tile Presi
dent. Geu. Jackson in the expulsion of Mr. Du
ane from olfice, introduced a now principal into
our political system, that the other ollleeis of the
government hold their places at the will ofthe
president. Upon this principle he can control ev
ery department.— If the officer he too honest fur
his purposes, it is easy to remove him, and men
thus dependent will not he apt lo impure very ri
gidly into (lie constitutionality of a measure. If
a Duane has somo conscioiiljoys scruples a Tu
ney may he found who is troubled with none.
When some great crisis arrives, and an ambi
tious reckless man sits in the Presidential chair,
what is lo save the public funds from his grasp—
it they are in tile hands of Ids Own creaturesf
Hanks have the largest possible internal in
keeping them safely, they have both properly and
character at slake, arid would resist the plunderer.
Are wo tiled prepared lo surrender tlio vital
principle in free governments, of a distribution
of powers, and consent that the Executive of
lids Republic shall hold the sword in one band
and the purse in the other 1 If so the essential
character of our government is changed, and w«
are free only in name. The I’icsident becomes
truly “the armed interpreter of the law.” Romo
was culled a republic, while governed by tyrants,
and while its offices were publicly sold to the
highest bidder.
It is most strange that any sound mind can for
a moment believe that tlio tendency of the iSuh-
J misery system is to 10.-sen the patronage of
tlio Eedcial Government. It proposes to employ
a largo number of individual agents—dependent
solely upon the executive—all their personal in
fluences is thus secured to the government.
The principles to which I have appealed in
this communication are not new. They have
been considered in this country as settled. Gen.
Jackson himself has recognized them. In his
message of 1835, he says t
"I need only add to what I have on former oc
casions said on this subject generally, that in the
regulations which Uongtcss may prescribe res
peeling the custody of the public money, it is
desirable that as little discretion as may bo deem
cd consistent with their safe keeping, should be
given to executive agents. No one can be rv.ore
deeply impressed than I uut wild the soundness
of the doctrine, which restrains and limits, by
I specific provisions. Executive direction, as far
i j a-i it. can bo done consisionlly with the preserva
-1 i lion ol its constitutional character. In respect
; I to the control over the public money, ibis doc
, | trine is peculiarly applicable, and is in harmony
! j with the great principle which I fit I was sus
| mining in the controversy with tho Hank of die
| United States.”
| And yet ho sustains the Hub-Trcasury scheme!
j Them ate other objections to this system, and ve«
. j ry grave ones, hut circumstances do not permit
me lo discuss them. The more I have examined
iho system, the stronger has my conviction be
come that it is most mischievous and ruinous in
its tendency. 1 trust, that my country will never
he cursed with it. lam disgusted with the spi,
tit manifested by tho parly in power—aspitil
. j which makes war upon all that is established
and venerable, and subjects the dearest interests
1 of society to the wildest experiments. Eet us ro
; member the maxims of Wasiiiscrux—ami of
I the great and good men who created our govern
ment.
How widely did their political sentiments dif
| fer from those of the men who ask our confidence
1 now. Eet the friends of order and peace unite
. —and employ all their energies in bringing back
the government to its purity, and in electing
i tlio-c lo power who have the wisdom and the
firmness to sustain constitutional liberty
y JUNIUS BRUTUS.
■ People in London who have no countiy hoti
• ses commenced on tho 31st July to close their
drawing room shutters, to make the world believe
they have.
IMucution Statistics.
The Portland Transcript contains the follow
ini’ interesting stalislica of lire means of education
throughout tin; United States ;
About one third of the population of tho
country are between the ages of 3 and Ip nod
IfS; and ot course, ant tlio proper subject* for
tichool education.
In tin* I nited Stale*, more than four millions
rd children ought to bo under tho influence of
schools.
In Maine, the law requires that the inhabitants
of every town pay annually for the support of
schools, a sum equal at least, to every person liv
ing in it. 'That amounts to about 5130,000,
Their expenditures are more than $l4-0,00,0.
In New Hampshire, a separate tax of $OO,OOO
is raised for schools, besides an annual appropri.
atimi front a tax on bank stock of $lO,OOO.
In Vermont, more (bun $50,000 uie raised for
schools from a third per cent, lux on the grand
list, and as much more from district taxes, besides
an income of nearly $lOOO from hanks.
In Massachusetts, there are nearly 3000 schools
supported by public taxes a lid private subscrip
lions.
In Boston, the schools contain more than 13,-
000 children, »«t an expense of $300,000.
In Rhode Island are about seven hundred
schools supported l»y a legislative appropriation
of $ 10,000 annually, by taxes and private subi
ucripiionsl.
The is about $2,000,000, but
fails of its de-ired object. Children in the slate,
about no,ooo—schools about 1500.
In New York, are more than 0000 schools, and
over 500,000 children taught in them, School
fund $1,700,000, distributed annually, $lOO,OOO
hut on the condition that each town raise, by tax
or otherwise, us much as they receive from tho
fund.
New Jersey has a fund of $353,000, and uti
annual income of $22,000,
In Pennsylvania, during the last year, more
than 250,000 children, out of 400,000, were des
titute of school instruction.
Delaware has a school fund of $70,000.
Maryland has a fund of $75,000, and an in*
come for schools from the hanks, which is divided
between the several counties.
Virginia has u lurid of $1,033,000, the income
divided among the counties according to the white
population, and appropriated to paying the tui
lion of poor children generally unending private
schools.
North Carolina has a fund of $70,000, design
ed lor common schools,
South Carolina appropriates $44,000 annually
to free schools,
Georgia has it fund of sooo,ooo, and moro
than 700 common schools.
Alabama, and most of all llio western and
southwestern slates, are divided into townships,
six miles square, and each town into sections one
mile sijmiri!, with one section, the sixteenth, ap •
proprialcd to education.
Mississippi has a fund of $28,000, hut it is not
available until it amount to $500,000,
r Piie legislature of Louisiana grants to each
parisli or county in that state, $2 02V cents sot
each voter.
Trom the Charleston Courier.
The noble Science of Lnw;
A gentleman of the profession, now no more,
of the Western Circuit, defended a client for beg
stealing, but notwithstanding bis elliirts a convic
tion was bad- The Act of Assembly i>- describ
ing the offence, says—“lf any person or persons
shall be indicted and found guilty of stealing any
sheep, goals, or hogs, he she or they, shall be sub
ject to a fine or penally of live pounds sterling,
lor each and every sheep, goat or hog, for steal,
ingof which, he, she or they may hr, convicted as
aforesaid. ’ I ire next section imposes whipping
in default ofpayment of tho fine,
l.pun lira trial ji came out in evidence, that the
hog stolen was a pig. Among (ho oilier grounds
in arrest of judgement, and (or a new trial, was
one which went to ihe merits of (be case, viz;
‘■Thiil the defendant was found guilty of stealing
a when the evidence only established that
ho stole a pig, which was no ollonco under tho
Hla 1 ulo.
Judge Nutt, who was the presiding Justice
asked the learned advocate il he intended to press
that ground !
.Advocate. Certainly I shad press that ground;
it is my chief reliance In tho case.
Jmlffi• A'olt, V’ou then say a pig is not a hog 1
Advocate. Certainly. What wouldyourhon
ot call a young sheep !
Judge J\'oll, A lamb.
Advocate. What is a young goal 1
Judge JVotl, A kid.
Jldvocate. A young dog 7
Judge Wall. A puppy.
Advocate. Thu young of the domestic hen.
Judge Wolf, A chicken.
Advocate. 'Pile young of tho gaudy butterfly.
Judge A worm.
Advocate. I Ihir.k your honor will now sc«
that I have a most ample and irresistible offence,
and in the course ofmy argument, I will he able
fully to satisfy the Court on the point. The
learned gentleman proceeded in the case.
AItUOMJtNT.
May it please your honors. My unfortunate
client has been convicted of hog stealing against
the most positive testimony. All the witnesses
lot (ho prosecution declared tho animal taken to
he a pig. (Laughter.) Now, I would ask if a
fug can grunt! Kory body knows that, he can
non II a ton, squeak, but linin’ is no grunt ill him,
(Caught' r.) Can ho gain a subsistence by root
ing ! No, then In; can be no hog. When a
nnm says he will go the whole hog, bristles and
ull, he cannot mean a fug. for a pig has no I ria*
lies, and is but Ihu minim of a hog. (Laughter.)
It your honor was to send your servant to mark
et to buy a pig, and hu brought you home a hog
weighing 300 lbs. I apprehend you would not
consider him as having obeyed your orders.—
(Daughter.) When you speak of a man, you
certainly do not mean an infant at tho hue <n ot
its mother. If bo bo one and twenty years of ago,
lie w ill boa man, but until then, he is an infant
in law and fact. When a pig can grunt he is a
hog, and not till then. (Daughter.) 1 shall
urge the point no further.
The >.Nn of the wohi.ii. — Two or three
clergymen have recently pot forth works predict
ing ilie arrival of the end ot the world some lime
between 1840 and 1850. To all such piophes
cics wo have hitherto been incredulous; hut aro
free to confess that lads like the following, which
wc cut from the Doston Times, are strongly cots
rohorative of the truth of these predictions.
When tailors and primers who work on trust, bo.
gi i to be paid, til, symptom is indeed alarming:
"A gentleman now residing in this city, who
formerly published n paper in Connecticut, has
recently received a letiec from an old delinquent
subscriber, forking over the inonej due. and ex
pressing tho ulmo-l remorse of conscience sot
having go long deprived him ot bis just dues.
What a blot will be wiped nut from the fair fact)
r of creation, when men shall undoisland distinctly
. that cheating a poor pnlpc t* an unpardonable
1 bill.”