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?' otii Ihi L'tuirUst*"! C 0.., hr. Hu. TurofHi'.v» i i»iv. --’1 ii> ■■ ),•• bi u,iu!i ■ol good sound sens.■. mid sound judgenu nt m the follow inc article. Irom the Ki. hraoiid « .'nipcer. Unit we niMi.it retrain lium traioViring it to our columns. The m ntimei.ts expn .1 hli.hi. I find .1 ready response in the mind »i every trie f.ien.. 0 tinier and good government. V. e believe the Compiler correct m saying that Mr. I'im. would not liecouiitenaiieed in llurlcsom, , d\....ding such views an lie does, however, Jm political faith might ussimulutc with 11 large in ijonty of our citi zens. Agrarianism. \\ e have received sjieejal notice from the .luurmil ol Mr.’J heophiliiK risk, just established in the tow n of I‘orlnuioulh, in ton Mrate, the prospectus for which we noticed some lim since. Our little paragraph is taken as the text lor some column ami a halt of such delectable invective, bombastic in dignation and exquisite rodomontade >ih it has not been our lot to meet lor some lime. We are sorry that the little notice of ours should have occasioned such 1111 expenditure of fulminant eloquence ami honeyful epithet. Especially we are happy to Hay, as nothing was necessary from us to forestall pub lic opinion in \ irgiiiia against the peculiar princi ples of the Editor and consequently of his sheet. The Editor is greatly horrified Itiut we should have called his doctrines levelling and equalizing— agrarianism. We spoke train what we had seen of Ills Charleston career—where lie was regarded as a dangerous agitator and denounced in public meeting. Mince his decampment from I hiarlest.m that city lias become tin ardent approver and ad vocate of Ills prominent hard money dogma ; hut unless ho lies learned discretion from experiena. we do not belies. hi 1 could receive countenance as the conductor of a press there even now. lie was not confined in ills lucubrations to hostility to Dunks and so on ; Inn lie indulged 111 that hitter ullai k of monopoly and wealth, wiut'h ineontesli hly hears upon social ami private life; a till there exists too great an inequality ol wealth there to allow any such interference. The peupieof (Miarles 1011 and ol Month Carolina areas great advocates for the aristocracy of wealth and merit as any in t'is Union, and no matter how Democratic they are just now, they could not connive at any assault upon the higher classes or any ellort to implant discontent m tlm hosomsot those whom fortune ■and circumstance may have placed in the lower stations of society. \\ e said (hat the l.ihlor s doctrines were nrrrirri an. We are still of tire, opinion. Agrarianism is abroad in this country in very specious disguises. Tin 1 arch agitators disclaim most emphatically mo; each w ill say, “ I am no agrarian,” at the conclu sion of every sememe he utters; trad boldly chal lenge proof. “ I’m your linger on the sentence I ever uttered, advocating a division of properly, if you can.” No man in his senses, would make any such open avowal. None over will; however strong agrarianism may become. Hut the tendency of their arguments, 01 their artfully worded ap- ; peals, are to agrarianism. They Jill the breasts ol I the lower orders with discontent—conjure up Inta- I Binary wrongs, oppressions ami impositions of the rich upon the poor—they ask, if such should he allowed in a land of lieedom? If such things are just, since •■all men are by nature equally lice ami int/rpendenf?” This is Die tenor of their 11 declamation—this the course (hey pursue, to obtain ( their ends. ’This agitates the laboring classes with discontent—they smart under on imaginary social 11 despotism and tyranny—they grow more and more restless upd indignant, ns those who are (easting and luxuriating on what they are taught to he- ~ lieve, is liie proceeds of their labor,anil so deceived, " misguided and excited, they may he, without pro per cheeks, incited to mobs, civil commotion, lie- at volution, nay indiscriminate slaughter, in order to S | wrovt front the “usurping hands of monopoly,” ami lire " full rollers ol at socracy,” >• (he ill-gotten 1 affluence and treasure" “fur w/ic/i they twin/," ami to which they are " entitled . l" Tills hi is w hat should he termed agrarianism. We have | M seen some specimens (heeonsequ ms's in this coun ts. Whin else wasllte I’lour Uiol in New Vork ! Those who,auiM.liewiikmrracv', m'ler that it ex- ti 'Us . mill that trie poor arc oppressed. Any mini I bet does that in this ,State, where no such thin; 111 exists, is ill our opinion an agrarian, and would lie S' heartily rejoiced to see a division ol estates and social equality established; or lie must he a most idle nml silly being, throwing away his tune with out any ultimate object in viivv. i‘The Old Dominion” (wc feel unfeigned hit- * '"illation that the sa Ted name should la used, to designate the paper in question.) eontainsahuniianl M support ol the correctness ol our opinion ot it.i y e.rv/r. W e will extract ti tew sentences. In the 1 •openingaddress wc find; I ct ( '' stand lorth the unfaltering advocate of Equal Laws and Equal Mights; the unwavering h ehiunpioiis ol the oppressed ot every sect, party j ( ami denomination; tic uncompromising oppo nents ol all partial legislation, which has a direct Kl tendency to produce inequality and vice in society, o making the strong stronger at the 1 \pease of the weak, and cheating labour of its nut reeomnens. of reward.” 1 his is the true mu. ck o! agrarianism. DOl s Virginia want any such delender of the "weak !” any such authority to stay the enactment of laws \ which cheat " labor ol itsjust rccompeirsi' and re ward!” We trust not! Again: “In tin' columns of tins paper, those who pro- s dure all tin' wealth in society by their patient m- h duslry, will tind their rights and privileges main- i ~ tamed, at whatever cost; they are the pillars upon ' which society rests, 11ml without winch it could I ” not subsist.” I it i bis is a decided ease. The producing class in a Virgin n, those pillars of society, need not the 1 prollered assistance of this 1U ivuleim champion. ' Who says their rights and privileges arc. or arc to *’ he curlmled ! Who libels the Mute thus ! li hi several annunciations about the pin it, there is a brandishing of valor turd ik terniiiuv.m ss wltuh savors of fanaticism, and might very well suit tin' opening address ol an Abolitionist Journal, a N\ here s the danger of conducting an indepcndi nt , and genteel public Journal in Virginia ! This is 1 no savage land; nor docs Judge Lynch hold ju- ‘ risdiction here. And what is tire paper going to do that should place it in fear? Ueutlemeu are I treated as such m Virginia. We have not thought the article deserving a nolieo serial im. ’J'o conclude as to tire grounds 1 of our opinions of the agrarianism id' the Editor of the Journal in question, he lias said elsewhere that “an unequal distribution of wealth, is the very foundation ot vice ami immorality.” This is qualified hv explaining that 11 is only tin* ine qualities produced by which d. :.i.., ih.-.e! Well, we have great tear of litis immorality verily wc iiv»d champions to prostrate tb.._ num strous prevailing vice ! How fc g.m'ti needs light an this subject ? Wc have unwillingly said this much; hut we. were aeused of having done injustice. \grariiui isrn too. has made sad inroads upon the happiue s and quiet of a portion of the Kepuhlie, and we re gret to see any thing akin to it eviii. tin; ru. It' iu our Mtatc. U e have not indulged these r« ..ark* from tire jteeuliar respect M ' ' >m u.d. wltieh has called them forth, However resp, tiul may have been our sentiments toward 1’,., . the manner of the article directed at us. has cer tainly forfeited nil claim upon us. The Edi; r announces his renunciation of his Ecccsiasticu! ollicc, ( ' cctt it, we hope, incompatible with h;s Editorial.) We mention llte fact injustice to the 1 Church. ?'ho intelligence, the high and elevated iw-d ! sens"of Virginians, makes us rely eomid. ..tly upon Ihr stability ol the public sentiment and leei- ' inpj. li re, in <♦ nr soil, the detested and noxious i plants of funalirlain and have but an • pUeniGr.il «*m- <.u* v . — they do nut bloom. ere d.*\ ** ' Xi l-’iUui an I fanat! al ebulilime. pu» oil wh'ioai. loa.jiie ad nopr --s.don. Tin , atutdy sound i; ns. ol our p*.-o|»tpcannot be i-tag f n il or stultified by the elferve enec of wild wi tin -m- in. And we thank Go! t!mt we b\o in i ■'hate . o fort.lb 1 physicaly and morally, aga'ns , lie-most baneful of till things to the happiness o I t' • 11 .amities. CM.-IIfINI OLE \N! i SKNTINEL. A U G V ST A. ■ SAT! UIIAV MOUMMI, NOVEMBER 3. The Anierienn Alminine, And UieuMrmiv "F I iii.it i Kk: wireor, nm rnr vfab 1 :ut. —We listvi? been politely favored . j by tbo editor, through the bands of Mr. T. 11, Plant, t of this city, with a volume of this excellent work, for the mm r eding year. The (remit utility of this I j annua), from the v:i,t fund of genera! and useful information which it contains, has given it a prccc | ilenee in fame over that of any other periodical in . the I idled States j and certainly It is very much . entitled to it,for no work could well combine a liner 1 stall deal view of theeountry than does this. It is ■ for sale at the book store of Mr. T. 11. Plant. i ' ’1 lie Charleston Mcreury of yesterday morning j slates that the whole numb r of deaths in that city from Kih August lo .'list October, amount to 01)0, ol wliit'li 1103 were by Stronger'* Fever. Os those by Stranger’s I’ever, only seven wore blacks. On the 20th ult„ William Pennington, the pro- M’tit highly esteemed (iovernor of New Jersey, was re-elected by a vole, on joint ballot ol the Le gislature, ol 118 to 20. The Stale in all itsorgani* zatiods in Whig. At the present session of the Ithode Island Le gislature, a Neimlnr of the United Slates for (i veins from the 3d oljWurch next, is lo be chosen in (lie place of Mr. Bobbin. • pilose term will then expire. Several candidates Itkve already been named; among them, are Mr. Robhii.ts, end Mr. 11. Hazard, of Newport, and Nathan F. .Hi.xon, ol Westerly. M e learn from (he New Orleans Courier that the F reneh sijmhon destined lo attack Vera Cruz, and nhout lo nssemhle at Martiniipie, is composed of ten or twelve frigates and the same nuinlie.r of sloops of war and bomb, ketches. Even with ihj.i force, the French will (inti some difficulty in (a- ' king the castle of San Juan de Ulloa. Atlantic Steam IVnvigafion. 'Phe New \ ork Post states that at a meeting of merchants of New York, held at the Carlton House, on the 20th lilt, il was agreed lo take steps to form a company to he called the “American , Atlantic Steam Navigation Company,” and lo procure an act of Incorporation from the Legisla ture lor that purpose. It is intended to build shifts * lo ‘navigate the ocean by steam,’ and the shares ire In lie $5OO each. Amount of capital not - dated. A steamer of 3000 tons and upwards will iloubtless he the first vessel 1 milt. * The Express adds that the preliminary steps , have been taken, such as procuring estimates ol ( building the ships and machinery, and it is said I that (lie greatest obstacle which presented, is oh- ' . v -• !'•«* '«'ing nim’iniifry in his country. The West Point Foundry are pro- , "•ring the necessary means to make suitable en tities. ( i More Shipwrecks. ( Ihe (ialvcstoii Gazette of the 10th inst. says : j J apt. \\ alson, ol the sloop Benton, reports that j te boarded, a few days since, sehr. Nelson, from Mobile for Live Oak Point, thirty miles east of Aransas Inlet, wrecked, and full of water. The 1 ■argo all seemed lo lie saved, being on shore and n good condition. None ot the crew were seen, having gone, as is supposed, in search of means , to carry away the cargo, ('apt, W. also reports sehr. Star aground at Aransas Inlet, and the loss o! the sloop Oscar,” 11 (stressing Catastrophe. The Philadelphia Ledger gives the details of the death of an interesting little girl not quite two year', old. grand daughter of Mr. Edmunds keep er of the Columbia Harden, Camden, N. .1. It seems tin 1 child was play in"; in the yard, when a huge Mack bear, which was chained in the garden, got loose, came forward and seized it, and before those attracted lo the spot could succeed in rescu ing the child from it, clutches, terribly mangled and killed it. The ferocious animal would not leave his prey until he had been wounded by sev eral musket shots. He was finally killed about live hundred yards from the scene of the tragedy. It is estimated that fifteen hundred emigrants arrive daily in the Miss ssippi Vtdlry. 'Phis rapid mere me ot western p qml.ili m is drawn from the older and more thickly settled slates. Mu. Jons—l noticed an article in your paper of V. ednesduy morning lust, signed •• Squashy Chorkin,” in which the w riter seems to exhult in the death of the talented and polite Nardln.— Whatever feelings such an individual may possess, 1 bad pi, e.d lo know that he is ashamed to put b ■■ name to bis communication, and let it appear io puMi,. Phe iiuthor is certainly unworthy of ! respect or notice. Pray, sir, what lias suspended the lectures in the Medwal College in Charleston (i ... fail ? Was 1 i it not lit consequence of the death of one or ,a.".\ of the Pro And when the yellow I’ever common > d its mortality in Chat lesion, the Medi cal College:. suspended, an 1 M ‘ al Students, who went there to stuily tnedleine, left that city in the greatest haste to avoid the pestilence. It may piove the efficiency of a Heticrnl. to ..... an opposing army, but it w ill be the eh:,meter of a I’alstall’he acquires by bis retreat. U In/ did Medical men leave Charleston! Li the lo • . uy Medical men in Charleston, j of both parties, society mourns; and none other than “a fiend like monster, in the shape of man,” could exult iii ih, d. n person; and more particularly when a hase and unmanly slander aeeoiopanii s the exultation. cUAi;rn. it ' lii Monday next, the moil Important elect on in ;■ the I t.i ■!, next to Hint of ('resident takes place, i- \\V alln 1■ to the elc-t tion in the State of New 3 ork il | f..r a C ,<■.forty members »f Congress, and toe 1,1 men or; of she Legislature, upon whom devolve ” j the election of a I’. S. Senator, in the room of .Mr. _ j Talmadge. As it may he a matter of interest to ■-<»:iie, v . publish below, a table of the two last 1 1 ■( lions in that State, viz: that of 1837 for Stale Senators, and IS3O for (iovernor, shewing the result in cadi county at each of those elections : Senate—Nov. 1837. Governor , Nuv. ISSti. (v. v. 13. i t "1 Ist Du, Vcrplanck Kerris R w x a IVevv York, 18,813 10,040 10503 159,1 1398 d Richmond, 491 441 041 043 , Kings, 2*55 2,072 J 2310 J 9 21,059 18,553 19520 18478 1417 , ‘2nd IVs. Livingston. Thorn. 11 Suffolk, 1164 1.488 2078 1005 2 ‘ Queens, 900 1,483 1609 1401 " Westchester, 2,507 2,011 3000 1674 73 h Rockland, 144 321 1045 357 r Putnam, 142 720 805 . UinliesH, 4,002 3 308 903 2247 159 Oramre, 3,114 2,935 3549 2244 Sullivan, 1,038 1,190 1232 830 Lister, 3,50.5 2,215 3075 2177 17,039 10,277 21006 12101 234 E. P. Li* 3rd Vie. Van Slmick. vingston Albany, 5,243 4,700 4822 4233 175 Delaware, 929 2,182 2815 789 Greene, 2,178 2,390 2083 1880 - Columbia, 3,533 3,093 8743 3080 9 Renss 'liter, 4,790 4,009 4814 4425 434 ’ Slioharie, 2,044 2,270 2402 1388 Schenectady, l,4uf 1,328 1501 1030 102 20,310 21.239 23110 10850 720 \th D'h• Lee. M’Lean. .Saratoga, 3.230 2 887 3374 2950 29 Montgomery, 4.39 ( j 3,922 3900 3501 4 1 Washington, 3,491 2,151 2819 3574 i Warren, 078 442 1334 50* Clinton, 1,250 1,349 1330 848 Essex, 1,786 1,209 1 030 1852 1 Franklin. 978 771 855 0 8 . St. Lawrence, 1,898 2.415 3089 22 9 Herkimer, 1,848 2,392 3026 1210 19,503 17,538 81109 1708) 33 s th D'h. A. Skin- Plutt. ncr. Oneida, 4,872 3,822 5513 3307 241 Madison, 2,436 2,066 2867 1385 337 . Oswego, 2,059 2,590 3146 19,23 1 Lewis, 442 980 1 101 4(1)0 Jefferson, 3,818 4.000 4028 3721 I Otsego, 2,721 3,544 4513 2480 135 10,948 17,007 21798 13234 717 6th />'*■ J,ull - I! 0 lin - Chenango, 3,37 0 3,209 3713 2647 Rrootno, 1.7 IB L4BB 1702 1450 Tom,.kins, 2,900 2,058 2997 27 8 13 Chemung, LOOS 1718 944 no Tioga 1 287 1,249 1044 123» Steuben 2 -107 2,800 3699 2325 Livin-sbm, 5. 427 1,551 2048 2890 Allegany, 2,7.24 2,251 2056 2037 Cattaraugus, 1,73V 1 1,080 1884 1470 19,008 18,070 22001 18287 81 Till Dis. Maynard. Poe. Wavne, 2,837 2.0 0,5 2986 2623 1 Ontario, 3 427 2,39 7 2780 2404 Yates, 1,508 1,352 1713 1120 Seneca, 1,705 1,745 ‘~049 1409 25 Cayuga, 3,8X5 3.507 4,3.57 3678 Onondaga, 4,281 4,1(il 478*5 2985 0 Cortland, 1,911 1,491) 1748 1993 19,004 1T377 20124 17275 8/A Dla. .1 IlSkin- Moseley, ner. Chautauquo, 3,555 2,375 3153 3855 " Erie, 4,301 1,704 2059 4834 42 Genesee, 3.847 2,287 3124 6142 13 i Monroe, 4,479 3,886 4039 4794 00 Orleans, 1,800 1,577 1809 1820 Niagara, 2,215 1 804 2160 2229 20 ( 20,207 13,033 17004 22080 202 ‘ Recapitulationf<ir 1837 Kca.pilulul un if rote* by Dinlridc, fur Governor, 1830. •a” ri c *3 iS 1 D'xtrieh > > R S -f. ; 1, 21,059 18,563 —l9 520 18,478 1,417 17,039 16,377 —21,008 18,161 234 3, 20,310 21,239 —23,140 10,850 720 4, 19 503 17,538 —21.109 17,080 33 5, 10,048 17,01.7 —21,798 18,234 717 0, 19,008 18 670 —22,061 18,287 81 7, 19,004 17,277 —20,424 17,278 32 1 8, 20.207 13,033 —17,004 22 080 202 ’ 155.058 1 10,200 100,122 130,048 3496 ! 110,269 3 490 'lnTs'if'' S I V. 13, vote in 1836, 109,518 130,048 \ V. 13. mnj. in 1836, 32,870 In the Louisiana Advertiser we find the follow- j ing gratifying intelligence, contradicting the re- i port of Mr. Prentiss’ resignation, ‘•Mr. Prentiss has not resigned his seat in Con- | gress as was suited in some of the papers; lie , merely announced his determination not to boa , candidate lor re-election, alter the expiration ol j the term for which he was elected. At the close , of his speech in \ i ksl.urg, he rcmaiks— ( ‘•As a private citizen, 1 trust over to retain your , confidence and regard, thouglt as a public man, 1 shall ne.er a.u n;. ek them. Private interests as ( wed as inclination will keep me from the political , areu i. The ancient gladiator pursued a more | enviable occupation than that ol the modern polti eiau. For the short remainder of the present Congress, 1 shall continue to perform my duty Us your representative, but decline being considered a candidate for re-election. With the most profound thunks for your tong continued favors to me. both in public and private, 1 bid von fare- ; well.” 1 rein the Orli i’i. Picayune , Oct. 20. Cutest Iroin Texas. ihe steam packet Columbia, Captain John ! ade. arnv.d at this port yesterday evening, hav ing an . .he trip from Galveston to the Uali/at, in i ill ,r \-three hours, which, we are informed, is the i shortest trip ever made. J hrougii the politeness of the clerk, and a gen- i tlenun passenger, we have been furnished with i ' Houston papers on the 20th iust. A gentle 1 just arrived at !1 nislon, from Go- 1 ■ , had slates that three eiti/uis have lately urri-, ;1 , f at that place, who scaped from the prisons of Ma -1 j tamoras. One of tb an is Carnes, who was eap j Hired on the Nueces about a year ago, ami it was reported had b ea '..died at one of the small towns on the Rio Grande a lew months since. They r state that Mr. Ereiian, the former representative from Goliad, is in prison in that city. A pare, of about nineteen surveyors, who had .' ventured far up into the Indian country, to locate r I ttul claims, have been nearly ad in tssaerej by t, W aeo •- Irenes, and Keaehiis.—only four sarviv j cd. They fought d.'spev.U'ly to the las;, a-ul fell j surrounded by the dead bodies of their assailants. A man iiauicil Quin has been convicted of man slaughter—sentenced to he whipped and branded. That’s as barbarous as some of our flutes are. The chiv: lr!c Mexican, Havadago, r< ■•■•tit.y yisi ted, with hi - patty, mme of hi' ‘‘ranchos (farm bouses or places for rattle) near Bexar s.olc , away every portable article of value, and even I look the rings from tlic fingcrc of the young la dies. They also took away a Mr. Alexand. r and I a Mr. Hull us prisoners. | At the first sitting of the County Court of Gal i vestotl, whieh commenced on the 15th, there were | upwards of forty eases on the ducket. Pretty 1 fair beginning that, Capt. U. W. Longcopc, of Galveston, is about [ to build a splendid, low pressure, light draught i steamboat, to run tri-weekly between that city and Houston. From the Sew York Herald, October £9. Canada. The news by tills morning’s mails is unimpor tant. Private letters from Quebec state, in regard | to Dodge and Thcller’s flight, that they made their escape in the dress of the New Police, that they reached St. Mary’s, on the other side of the river, about five o’clock of the same morning, and were the first to inform the people there of the escape of the prisoners from the citadel, telling them at the game time, that they were in pursuit of the fugitives. We do not, however, think that the truth of the story has been told yet. Lower Canada.— At the last term of the Court of King’s Bench of this District, a wife sued her husband for a reparation de Men el dc corps, —one of the grounds set up being that she Ji.i not understand one word of French, and that her partner, to whom she had been married for the space of four days, was equally ignorant of the English language! The woman obtained judg ment in her favor.— Quebec Transcript. His Excellency Sir John Colhornc left Quebec on Saturday evening in the steamboat Canada. The military departments are preparing to remove to Montreal, as his Excellency has Head Quarters in that city for the winter.— lb. One of our contemporaries at Montreal has ac cused the Government of great remissness and negligence, on account of the escape of Theller and Dodge. We are not aware in what way the civil authorities arc responsible, seeing that all the prisoners from Upper Canada have been from the first, in the keeping of the military authorities in the Citadel, and were never delivered up, even for an instant, to the civil power. They were hand ed over by Sir George Arthur to Sir James Mac doncll, without the intervention of the government being called for or exercised.— lb. A variety of reports have been afloat respecting Theller and Dodge—some asserting that they were seen on their road towards the Province line— others that they had actually reached Vermont, and had written to a military officer to announce their safety ; so far, however, as we have been aide to inform ourselves, nothing certain is known of them. It is, however, suspected that they are yet within the walls es the city.— Quebec Mercury. In the Upper Province it seems that extensive preparations are making in every part of it to raise provisional troops. The Montreal Gazette says— Government have determined on organizing a number of Provincial corps for the defence of the frontier throughout the two Canadas. In this city Colonel Dyer lias received orders to re-organize the Volunteer corps which ho commanded last winter, but restricted to four companies, of one hun dred each. In Cornwall, the Volunteers have been raised in number to one hundred men. The Company in Prescott, under the command of Cap tain George M'Donell, is to he increased to one hundred and ten, sixty of which arc to be stationed in that place, and the remainder detached to differ ent quarters, as circumstances may require. Another company is to be raised at Brorkville, to consist of one hundred men. and to be commanded bv Captain Hubert Edmondson a.» lcu» s „ton, a .uinntocr company of one hundred strong, is now raising, the command of which is to lie entrusted to Captain Angue Cameron. Authority haslikc wise been given to embody a force of one hundred men at Belleville. Captain Warren, late of the 06th regiment, it ia said, is to have the command, —and Messrs. John Low, Samuel Bull, and Thom as Gamble arc tlm subaltern officers appointed. At '.Toronto, Major Webbc is advcitising for recruits tor a volunteer company, intended for service on ti.vo Niagara frontier. From the Baltimore American. An in terest ng letter on the subject of Atlantic Steam A ivigation, from the pen of Mr. Junius Smithof I .ondon, (but originudy, we believe oi Connectic.ut Vis published m a late number of the New York Jl.wild. The writer, who has evident ly studied tin 1 i Matter very thoroughly, succeeds, as we think, in proving that the sea risk of steam vessels is much h’ss than that of vessels prope.led by sails; and that ■ contrary to the received notion, the profit arising from the transportation of the same description of freights will, independently ol the passage money, li a greater on hoard ot steam ships than in sai.ing sl.'gus. The fodowing is he train of reasoning by vvhi‘ h Mr. b>, arrives at the above conclusions, and is c alculated, as wo think, to carry conviction along w.h h it: Whatever article if prwfiice or manufacture can be exported or imported i.u & ■■>’» I ng rh p at a remunerating fre.gut, can b.e exported or im / or/id m a ileum rh p at a gretj V >-r equal pro fit- mil'prudently if parrergem. To olucida.e this proposition, which I am aware tint public mind is scarcely prepared to credit, it is nee rssary to go into some details of the working powt. r ot steam and sailing ships, it will bo borne in ntind that in eons meting a steam ship for commercial pur poses, independently of passengers the c. p.nsc will be inu.il loss, and the capacity for slo vage much greater than when Goth objeelsarc comb ,a cd. It we build a steam ship of 2,500 tons measure ment, her capai ity tor stowage, independently oi' engine* and fuel, will not bo less than 1 600 tons i register, equal to 2.400 tons of measurement goods, ot 40 cubic feet to the ton. A sailing ship of 400 tons register, upon the same scale of capacity, would take 600 tons of measurement goods. For the sake of calculation, 1 will take liic ports of New Orleans and Liverpool lor the points of the ship's destination. Ido not specify New Orleans as a more desirable port than any other in the 1 nited Slates for steam Navigation, although I believe the commerce between that port and Eu rope may bo carried on with singular facility and profit, especially as the Western Islands, Bermu da, and Jamaica, oiler natural stations for depots ot coal, and its vicinity to the Mexican territories opens a wide field for the combinations of South American commerce with that of the United States ami Great Britain, but by taking the extreme point ot the I lined States for the purposeof shew ing the advantages of steam navigation over sail ! ill? ships, it follows that all intermediate ports, j ,rom Nl ’ w Orleans to Quebec, present at least equal relative advantages. The following calcu lations founded as far as practicable upon uekiiu lodged data will b id to a general result substan ’ ally correct, at all events sufficiently so to show ) hie relative working power of steam mid sailing | ships. A steam ship of 2.560 tons, as mentioned I a!u ; r deducting Iter engine ami coal room j will leave her register tonnage 1,600, and suppo- I s “'? " l ' r , , ou Pfity lor stowing equal to that of a j sailing-hip,she will cany 2.100 tons of measurc- I mem goods. A bole of New Orleans cotton aver ages 20 cubic feci measurement and 400 lbs weight, consequently the ship would take two | bales to a ton, equal to 4,800 bales for her entire -me. It we assume Id. lb. freight, with 5 per | c * ,,u primage, it would he 355. a bale, or 8 100/ gross ireigbt. All. wing the ship 7 3 days out • a!ul I' oll - *•’»*' would complete five vovages per an . | nuni. and tiling home 21 ,OUU_ bales ol cotton, ma king a homeward freight ol 42,000/. 11 we sifp | pose tlic ship to make only one quarter of a Irciglif - j out, and I see no reason why site should not make ; a whole freight one, that would give 2,100/. out, ! 1 equal to 10,500/. per annum, and crossing out and home 52,000/. Upon the same data, let us j ■ examine the working power of a sailing ship ol i 400 tons register, and see how many it will take to perform the same labor and earn the same freight. • She will carry COO tons of measurement goods, or ■ 1200 1 ales ol cotton, allowing her the same capa city for stowing as the steamer, and allowing her to complete two and a half voyages a year, which is ns much as site can do, she will then bring home 3 000 bales of coiton. It would therefore 1 require 8 ships of 400 tons each to carry the same quantity of cotton in 12 months, as 1 steam ship, and to make the same freight out and home of 52 500/. The relative power being the same, it makes no difference in the result, whether the ships carry ' more or less. Seeing the work that one steam 1 slop can perform, and having ascertained the num ber of sail.ng ships of equal tonnage capacity com bined, required to perform the same, the only rc > maining material point now to consider, is the ' relative expense of navigation. If it should ap ‘ pear that the expense of navigating one steam 1 ship of 3,500 tons is less than the expense ot nav ! igating eight sailing ships of 400 tons each, then I apprehend, the proposition may be considered as '■ proved—and it follows, that it is more profitable to the ship owner to employ steam than sailing ' ships, independently of passengers. EXPENSE or NAVIGATING 5 Eight sailing ships rs 400 One Steam Ship of 1000 t tons register each. tons register. ' 1 sailing ship 12 mos. Cno steam ship. 12 mo. ■ 1 master at /10 per 1 master at/10p mo /240 . month, /120 1 mate 10 “ 120 1 mate, at 5 per mo. CO 12d do 8 “ 00 1 2il do 4 “ 4 1 oil do e- 72 : 1 stew,hiJ 3 “ 30 25 seamen 210“ 750 . 1 cook 210“ 30 1 engineer 20 “ 210 . 1 car’ter 4 “ 4S I2d do 10 “ 120 jl4 men 2 10“ 420 13d do 8 “ 90 12iiremcn 3 “ 432 20 mens’wages per I cook 2 10“ 3 ) annum, 702 1 stewardd 3 “ 30 I 8 ships, 8 1 carpenter 4 “ 48 100 mens’ wages /6096 47 mens’ wages, 2280 Victualing IOU men Victualing 47 men at at HO per month 10s per week, is is per annum, /4IGO per annum, 1222 Lively I port ch’gs. Coal on board at Liv- Pilotage out and in erpool, 12s pr ton at i.iverpool. 1. 20 —at New; rleans. Light and duck 30s per ton ; 1200 dues, 35 tons each voyage; 0000 for 5 voyages For one ship, or at 21s per ton ave for 8 ships, 440 rage, * s 0300 Which for voya- Liveip'l port eh'ges. ges is " 1100 Cut and in pilot- N. O. port charges. age. /22 In and out pi- Light and doik lotage, $lOO dues, 110 Levee fees, 50 ' Towage up the For one voyage, 102 river, 300 (r for 5 voyages 810 do out, 125 N. O port charges. Pilotage out and $575 in, 125 For one ship,or fur Levee dues, 12 eight ships $4001) which for voy- For 1 voyage, 37 ages is $11,500,0r 2587 Or for 5 voyages, 185 13,943 /10.797 Gross charges upon 8 sailing ships, 13.943 “ “ “ 1 steam ship, 10,797 Difference of expense in favor of the steamer, 3,140 Thus it appears that one steam ship of 1000 tons register, will perform the work of eight sailing ships of 400 tons register each, in the freight of goods only, between New Orleans and Liverpool, at less expense by £3146 10s. per annum. The petty expenses such as reporting the sh ps at (he custom house, advertising, and the like, vei l always be in favi ro the steam sli p ; but in showing the relative working power ol the two classes of ships, it is n t nei cssary to enumerate ir lies, it w, 1, however, he apparent to evciy candid enquirer, that il a sic in sh p cun not only be supported by carrying goods only, at the same rate of freight as sa ling shq s, but make a larger profit; that when the collateral advantages of passengers, speed ar.d ictaii.ty ct tune arc taken into consideration, the preponder ance in favor of the steam ship is strikingly obvi ous. Mercantile men will sec, that as the time oc cupied by a steam ship in performing the voyage is not half that of a sailing ship, the sea risk is di minished in the same proportion, and consequently the premium of insurance will not bo more than hall the amount charged upon sailing ships. The sooner the shipper can get Ids goods to market the better for him and if he can do it in half the time I y a steam ship that would be required by a sailing slip it lollows as an inevitable con. equente that one halt the capital would carry on the same amount of business in a steam ship ns would be required in sailing ships, because he could make two shipments or two importations, or both, in a steam ship, when he could make but one in a sail ing ship. The whole commercial capital employ ed in foreign trade upon the general introduction of steam navigation will he doubled in its powers of carrying on commerce, and twice the amount of businessdonc upon the present capital, ortho same business done upon halt the capital. It I have succeeded in establishing the proposition with which 1 commenced then we may give rein, and allow the imagination to reach forward a lew years, when sailing ships will become ns rare as steam slips are now, and when the ocean will bo covc.c I with paddle wheels insread of canvass. Astrono mers make the circumference oi the earth 34,100 miles. Steam navigators make it 12,(,00. And although the lusts of men will still rage, and the sources of war remain, yet the nations of the earth will approximate, and a more subdued state of so ciety lessen the calamities of war, and throw around its horror something of humanity. Civili/.adon and intercourse go hand in hand. The light of science and the revelation of truth, blending their | rays and beaming upon barbarism, will soften down its character, and hasten the advent of more glori ah.’s times. our ob't. serv’t., i.ondon, Sept. sth, 1838. Jr.virs Smith. W e feel that vve cannot urge this subject too often upon public attention, as there is certainly none an greater importance to the world Ait large. That S'l earn Ocean Navigation will cven.ua,ly come into general use can no longer be doubted, and it on/v remains to be seen whether our coun try men wil.l he laggard in the race for pre-eminence Murder x t Harlem. At a late hour last evening, information was received at the Coroner’s Office, that a man named Hamblin, residing in UiCth street, mvr the sth Avenue, had murdered his wife by heath' ( her in the most savage manner. The parties had lived together like cat and dog, and frequent , Jits took place between them, in which the vin came always oil’ second Lest. Yesterday ; c .ling another fracas occurred, in the course oi wtiicli Hamblin beat his wiic so unmer cifully. that she expired under his bunds, and he immediate! absconded, before any of the neigh bors knew of ths occurrence. It is sa d that t corpse presents marks of the most inhuman and brutal treatment.— N. Y. Courier. Caimtxl Conviction. —At the lust term of I 'ho Circuit Court of Pope county, Arkansas, a man named William Brown, was tried on an in dictment, charging him with the murder of his wife. Mary M. Brown, on the 14th June last. The principal witness against the prisoner was his daughter, a girl of about 14 years old. whose testi mony was, however, so conclusive that the jury were out but a few minutes ere they returned with a verdict of Guilty. Sentence of death was pro nounced upon the convict in accord uccwith this verdict, and the time, for execution was fixed for the 19th October. i Thu iFniM ■<«*»■ .Hinder. The Jury in the ease of William Stewart, charged with the murder of his father, Benjamin Stewart—did not agree upon a verdict until near nine o'clock on Sunday night. Information hav ing keen given to that elle.ct, (lie Court promptly 1 assembled and received the Jury, whose verdict was, “Guilty of Murder in the Second Degree.” This i rase occupied the close attention of the Court for I ten days. The verdict rendered by the Jury, after [ a deliberation of 20 hours on the ease, is said to jhe one of compromise. The punishment under it is confinement in the Penitentiary for a term mot ext ceding 18 years. The wife of the prisoner was in attendance at Court throughout every stage of its proceedings, occupying a seat next to the bar in which her husband sat, and watching with nn intenseness of interest which may be well imagined, the progress of the case to its final issue.— But. American. Mil. Mit.tk's Estate.—Since the death of Mr. | Alexander Milne, whose funeral, on Sunday after noon last, was attended by a largo concourse of citizens, there have been various rumors as to the manner in which he had disposed of his posses sions. Wishing to gratify public curiosity, we have, made considerable inquiry upon the subject, and now state the result, believing that in the main our information may bo relied on as perfectly correct. Mr. Milne died at the age of ninety-eight, pos sessed of a property estimated at about one million and a half of dollars. Ho was a native of Scotland, and left his home when quite a young man. He arrived here a perfect stranger, and without a pen ny ; but. by dint of industry, energy and strict in tegrity, he succeeded in business, won the friend ship ol his fellow men and laid the foundations of that fortune which, by the assistance of a prudent economy, he was enal I d to rear. In the enjoyment of his wealth, Mr. Milne ever displayed lie most generous and bountiful dispo sition towards the poor. The orphans were par ticularly an object of his regard—to this object he lias left the great bulk of his estate. With the ex ception of two hundred thousand dollars, it is to bo equally divided to four orphan asylums l viz: To the boys' at Lafayette : to the girls’ in Poydras street; and to two others which are to be establish ed at Milncburg. (the village at the lake end of the Ponchartrain Rail Road) —which latter two arc to he erected with funds from the estate. The $200,000 above mentioned arc to be dis tributed thus: $lOO GOO for a charitable school in his native town ; and about an equal sum among his relat ions and two of his servants. His gener osi y extended likewise to his debtors, as wo are informed that they were all released from their liabilities to him. Thus it appears that almost the whole of his im mense fortune has been distributed in relieving hu man distress. In a good old age he descended to the tomb, with the remembrance of a well spiimt life and presenting a noble example of industry and integrity to the youth who are to be nurtured by the means he has provided for them. Many a little child, rescued from poverty and ignorance, will vise up in after years and bless the name of Alex ander Milne.— N. O. Picayune. From the N. l r . Express. A Home Scu-i nr.*suheh —with less.—Wo learn that John M. Bloodgood, Esq., is a defaulter to the city upwards of $2 000, for monies p!a cd in his hands as Superintendent of the Streets in this city, which lie has not accounted for to this day, though placed in his hands about five years ago. He is now one o! the strongest advocates of the Sub I reasury in the city. The Corporation of the city do not do their duty to the Tax payers, if they pay his salary as Police Justice until this ac count is settled, both Principal and Interest. COMMERCIAL. New Orleans, rvtol er 29. Cotton. —Received from the 21-rt to 27th ult. , r )732 ba;cs; exported 4794 bales; stmk on hand, inclu <l ng all on shipboard not cleared, 17000 Pales. We have had a good demand throughout the past week, and another J cent per Ih. estal Ji-hcd on all qualities, 'the northern and French buyers a<nun nave t een the principal operators, and the tire kinfix Have I con most in request ai d are now scarce. The art do goes oil'on landing, which prove nts any accu mulation of stock, exce, ton ship hoard. The sales ol the week are full 4.600 bales, round lists of l.ou i lann and A issi-sippi at UJ a If* cents of average .. afitms, extremes 10* a 16 eta. the latter price re f/ ,j* l no l fanf y Cl '°i>' A few new Western districts have been rec, ived and sold on landing at .w? ei E tV i b i ClnK . 0 ' a?00li quality. A small lot or I* 0 , 0 1 ud ordinary Mississippi and Tennessee ba\e also arrived, and have been sold at 9 a ' j. MAR! E INTELLIGEN CE. C/«tm?—fhip Trentondw! b-cw V ' e o,’k [ bri* JW « erf Tf- rhr /? res ’ ■ Camel-n. Me. ir T' llps .KW’ and Senator, from Horton,! Uenl to sea-ling Planet, Kenner, Portsmouth. , _, , , Charleston. November 2, / An ncd yesterday— SI ip - witzerlrnd, 1 hint, IV. nn i'"r P k' " 1 oSthei ' York ; ships I'iami To an, } orb’s, do ; Bunin < sceola WVh b.'m "n ; line ;hip Cal-’ 'mw, 6 " U 1 brig f tar. JU.II. dc; "o"(V IP r V] \ ( rr ' !lr,a ' Baljimore, via I r , ■ t 1 V a . 101 na - W Imington, N. C. vhvoT rf r?- ng i' o!p,lin ’ Fa S ps > 1-avanaischr : i v lc , ° pkl r s ' Eoston 5 Echr Susan Benjamin, 1 bomas, Georgetown. J y Bi'Sea je./cntai/. Lino sbipNiagara Orslirr, irL"' 1 ’ a | eam packet North Carolina, Davis, \\ ilmmgton, N. C. . v»». ». -ri-iTWM| ti Benevolent Society. lows-— ° ni7n,tteeS f ° r tllP ensuill S month aie as fol- DB isicnXo I—Mr. J. W. Meredith. Mr. Wm. Brenam ’ ’’ ' S- F ' Meredith » Susan Division No. 2.—Mr. Wm. E. Jackson, Mr. Wm. Haines, Mr«. Trombley. Mr. Pouglass. Wilcux ’ Mr - V. Heard, Mrs. .A. \\ hillock,Mrs. Heard. oct 2!) _ c. F. STURGES, Sec’ry. ravmv r , ln i Ar FAMILY GROCERY. n s l ] ' S(TI (>r has just opened a now and cheap H f amily Grocery Store, next door al ove Joseph I gmnn s nearly opposite tho Eagle and Pbcenix Uotcl. where he will keep on band a general assort ment ol such art Hes as are in daily demand as fam i y supplies. Every thing which this market and those ol New A or!: and ( harleston can supply will always be kept for the benefit of his customers.— 1 he citizens of Augusta are invited to call and ex amine his stock. j p LEWIS, 'S- ''' s tf'rms are cash, but families by making arrangements to settle monthly can be supplied by sending orders. trwlm nov 2 NEW STORE. A AV. WALTON & Co. have just rcct'ved, and „a « are now opening a general assortment of Sta- A. p.e and I am y I ry (loods, which they offe r for sale, 'K " J. 0 ,, sa ‘ c 01 retail, at their store, on tho north si le id Broad street, opposite Messrs. Gould & Bulk ley s grocery store. ts nov 1 '■e,.rriu, City of Augusta: l llf Os CI.MMt N PLEAS.—It appearing t 0 11,0 ( °' n 'f by the Sheriffs return that Henry I lOril was duly summoned to attend this Court as'a special Juror at August Term, ls3B, and he failing appear, it is ordered that he be lined in the sum of went} Dollars, unless satisfactory excuse be ren dered on or before the first day of next term, (second Monday in November.) Jt Ukewine appearing that John C. Bead, Caleb 1 eas, 1 homas Lavis, John B. Gould, Justus Bulke- Icy, were duly summoued to attend as Petit Jurors at the August Perm last of this Court, and failing to appear, ordered that they be each lined the sum of leu Dollars, unless sufficient excuse he rendered on or before the first day of next Term, it being the 2d Monday in November’next. HENRY ROBERT, Clerk. nov I It