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Worn Mr federal Union.
Banking.
If the old system of hanking upon money has
become odious to the people, and u new one is
culled for, because the depreciation of its paper
has the peculiarity of inflicting the greatest inju
ry upon those whom it least benefits, there are
two things which we would do well to remember.
The first is, that the evil is inherent in the sys
tem of paper money banking; the second is, that
this evil is not remedied, or lessened, by the new
project of universal banking, iSo far from it, 1
humbly conceive that the system of free hanking,
as established hy the Legislature of ticorgia at its
last session, is much the most obnoxious to the
objection, because ot the inferior quality of the
currency it proposes, and its greater liability to
depreciation. Every tendency in the old, to in
flict the deepest injury on those whom it least
profits by its operations, is therefore left unreme
d.cd. if nut aggravated, by the new system. That
this is true, 1 do not doubt, and the pcop'c of
Georgia will, in a few coming years, test the fact
to a painful de.uonstralion, should free banking
go into extensive operation.
The great error into which we run, in coming
to an opinion ai to the comparative merits of the
two systems, consists in this : that we permit our
minds to be constantly directed to their final ml
cency and not lln ir immeit ate canrerlibilh/.
Now a wise system of blinking should be estab
lished w ith an eye to immediate and /irowpl eon
v rtib I ///. A system that looks mainly to its
final solvency is eminently and dangerously de
fective. Immediate payment and present re
dempti m is the grand desideratum of a paper
circulation; and in this respect, the old system
has a decided preference over the new one. The
latter will prove to be an inconvertible system.
Its specie basis is not sufficiently broad, and its
mortgaged capital unavailable. However well
it may operate in the city of New York, with a
ready stock maikct for the conversion of its funds,
it is miserably adapted to an agricultural country,
without that mu ket.
I will make a single remark, byway of illns
traiing the importance of guarding well the con
vertibility of a banking system, in preference to
its final security, and it is this: that thcie may
be final solvency, without immediate redemption;
but to the bill bolder there cannot be immediate
redemption without final solvency. It is there
fore manifest, if you guard well the one, you ne
cessarily secure the other; for bank paper redeem
ed on pres< n ation, is not only good presently,
bat solvent finally. Not so of a system which
looks only to its final security. Dank paper may
be finally good, without licing presently redeem
ed ; and if not immediately redeemed, undue de
preciation will follow ; for it in the tendency of
an irredeemable circulation to fall below its real
value in the market. To illustrate this I have a
case in point. There is before me a SfiO bill on a
suspended but solvent bank in Georgia. This
bill will not now command, in many places, morn
than one half its value. I learn that the bills of
this bank have already been sold at a half dollar
on the dollar. But you tell me if the lands mid
negroes were mortgaged for the final payment of
these bills, this undue depreciation would not en
sue. I reply, that lands and negroes are already
bound by the charter of this bank for the
final redemption of its paper; and yet, they arc
below their real value in the market. I re
peat it, therefore, that a judicious and wise
system of banking will look mostly to immediate
convertibility, as the sure.l means of preventing
the depreciation of its paper. It is said this law
has been profoundly studied. Studied hard, per
haps; but it may be not studied with u profound
understanding of currency as a science. I think
that M. Nnekar, or the famous Uicnrdo, could
have devised a better scheme. Nor do I believe
it a safe or practicable system—particularly unsafe
an 1 impracticable nt present—amidst the jarring
and war ot the financial elements. Let us view
its safety with reference to the probable action of
the present incorporated banks. These, it is al
lowed, have no more ground than they can and
ought to occupy. Will they surrender any por
tion of it to the land banks—the new batch 1 We
are not left to conjecture for an answer. They
will not; for, among themselves, each is now dis
puting its confines with the other. But, it may
be said, their intestine divisions will have the ef
fect of weakening their aggregate strength, and
make them a prey to the new banks, I reply
that, thu establishment of a new system, antagu
nialical to the old (us it inevitably is so) will have
the certain effect of bringing about among the old
banks, an alliance ofi'ensivo and defensive against
all intruders. And will not (ho old discredit, by
refusing, the bills of the new banks ! Very likely
they would. I know nothing o. the designs of
the present banks; but my calculations are based
upon the p i sumption that they will follow their
interest; and they may be very likely to do that.
With all the advunt tges of experience and credit
pot teased by lire pre cut banks, could it be sale
or practicable to establish banks under the free
banking law 1 I think na.
The oh set vat ona I a e ce i tins' ily thrown to
gether, and are loose and desultory. They have '
been suggested by ratei ig and hearing what has
been said upon this su'jei lof late. I honestly
believe wo are in great danger, should this new
system go into extensive operation. It is, per
il nr, as bad as th f .r/y bank /inject of the State
of Kentucky. I cannot conceive it to lie in the
nature of tilings, that bank bills should issue upon
lands and negroes. The natural destiny of the
latter is to labor—the former to lie tilled. Wo
are told that lands an I labor will both lie made of
greater profit by this system. The Divine de
er, e i« that honest thrift shall come of the sweat
of the brow, an 1 n it by the engraving of tho
printer. Taere is no proper foundation for the issue
of a paper currency bin th - precious metals. They
are by Hutu e adapted to this use—nothing else is ;
a id it is madness to contend against (lie decrees
of nature. lam no opponent of free banking up
on proper principles, and with right restrictions ;
but it should he upon money, and not negroes—
upon cash, and not lands
The system of free banking, as at present de
vised, is much less adapted to an agricultural
country, without any sleek market, than to com
mercial places, with a ready market for the con
version of its stocks into available funds. In short,
I sincerely believe the new banking law to be un
wise, unnecessary, dangerous and impracticable.
Publius;
Gr.M;nostTv or Carat.im.—ln ISIB, Mad
ame Calalini played an engagement at the Dub
lin theatre—then under the management of a Mr.
Jones, not him ot "the id > >d of W arveu” memo
ry—by which she extended her fame and increa
sed her fortune. Sometime afterwards the great
cantatrico again appeared on the boards of the
same theatre, where she found a now manager.
Mr. J ones, owing to a losing business, had been
compelled to gu into a state of •■rctiracy,” and
was probably rumitn t n : on the honours and per
plexities that surrounded the managerial oll'ice,
when lie r reived a very polite note from Catali
ni inviting him to breakfast with her. But, alas!
the pmr ex-manager might as well have undet*
lakea a flight in the moan asto have attempted to
p rim nl ite the s'ri i t n.'Dublin at the time in
broad daylight. Calcbpoleg and lipstalfs, in al
in s' countless numbers, were prepared to pounce
upon him. like Inwss upon a chicken. the mo
ment he sallied firth from his hiding-place. He
addressed a n >t ■ to I' e fiir songstress, aegu linl
i ig he- with his unp'easa n ■ ft ta r 1 as 1 am”
condition, when sh in vs ■ er, immediately wni
teliipm anl consoled h ! m in his aflii -tion. hv
insi-C-i - m hi* a • end ,g dm sum o‘ -ve hen Irod
poun Is from her I So noble a gift from s j fair a
hand could tnH, of course, be rein nl by an •■( >■-
manager in divrtrfs.”
Klalciui'ni of (he Kclurus of Bunks received ut Ihc Tre»»ury Department
for llic period nearest January) 1839.
8
m Loans. Specie. Circulation. Deposited.
r Maine, 0,721,569 303,608 2,036.640 818,624
New-llampshire, 4,476,442 187.001 1,510,691 522,036
e Vermont, 2,705,367 157.033 2,043,843 330,772
Massachusetts, 48,206,808 2,394,624 9,400,412 7,122,642
Rhode Island, 12,895,325 462,002 1,886,108 972,766
t New-York, 68,300,486 6,602,708 19,373,149 !8,370i044
f Pennsylvania, 38,696,788 3,612,253 11,792,948 10,135,863
I Maryland, 13.567,348 1,372,008 2,897,095 3,409,904
, District of Columbia, .... 3,221,299 415,573 980,133 1,397,399
» Virginia, 16,236,429 2,270,307 8,015,418 2,999,589
i North Carolina, 4,752,584 723,875 2,114,140 588,389
: South Carolina, 15,378,020 2,000,149 4,566,327 2,732,583
) Georgia, 15,772,770 3,233,274 5,121,604 2,824.219
Alabama, 25,842 884 1,687,040 6,779,678 4,919^98
1 Louisiana, - 56,855,610 3,987,697 6,280,558 .7,657.101
Arkansas, 763,737 316,045 461,775 134,369
Tennessee, 9,303,033 802 309 1,930,040 649,215
f Missouri, 1,570,431 091.070 071,950 1,101,638
Indiana, 4,532,965 1,345 832 2,951,795 490,617'
Wisconsin, 231,624 05,680 235,573 109,967
lowa, 77,941 3,033 10,990 3.686
United States Rank, November 1, 47,561,546 5,223,476 4,220,854 8,671,421
Kentucky, 12,017,347 1,013,383 5,418,320
409,748,337 39,470,063 100,670.640 76,035.702
January, 1838, .... 485,631,867 35,134,112 116,138,910 84,691.184
January, 1837, .... 525,115,702 37,915,340 149,135,390 127,397,185
The increase of specie, it appears, was $4,283,-
951, over the quantity in the I'nitcd Staten at the
close of 1837, and $1,854,723 ov>r the close of
1836. This is the balance in our favor of the
importations of the past year. I3y this table we
also perceive that the proportionate decrease be
tween the loans am, circulation has been govern
ed by the balance of trade against this country
for the corresponding years, a fact which the fol
lowing table of the excess of imports over the ex
ports for the same years will illustrate :
Excess of imports in 1836, $61,316,995
“ “ in 1837, 23,509,841
“ « in 1838, 10,351,896
The immense excess of imports in 1836, over
the exports, as shewn by this table, could only
have Tteon brought about by the operations of cre
dit; accordingly, the bank loans at the commence
ment of that year showed an increase over that
of 1835, of $07,699,643, but in the fall of the
sam : ' year, the balance having become so large as
to shake credit in a measure, a vigorous demand
for exchange sprung up, and we find that the cir
culation at the close ol the year did not show a
corresponding increase, being only $8,884,832, as
the bills were returned upon the bank for purcha
ses of foreign exchange. In 1837 we find the
imports fell oil $37,743,154, and the demand for
exchange much less in that year; therefore, the
decrease of loans $39 483,835, was accompanied
by nearly a corresponding decrease of circulation,
viz. $33,046,980. In 1838 there was again a
decrease in imports of $13,000,000, and the Iml-
Table showing the time of holding elections in the different States, the qualifications
of voters, the length of Term and Salaries of Governors.
States. Time of Election. Qualifications rs Voters. GOVERNORS.
How Chosen. What term. Salaries.
Aln I'u nm, IstMond. Aug. Three months residence. 13y the people. 2 years. s2(ioo
Arkansas, Ist Mond. Get. Six do, do, do. 4 do, 2000
Connecticut, Ist Mond. April. Do. do. do. do. 1 do. iioo
Delaware, 2d Tues. Nov’r. One years do. do. 4 do. 13331
Georgia, 1 1st Mond. Oet’r. Six months do. do. 1 do. 3000
Indiana, Ist Mond. Aug. One years do. do. 3 do. 1000
Illinois, do. do. Six months do. do. 4 do. 1000
Kentucky, do. do. One years do, do, 4 do, 2500
Louisiana, Ist Mond. July. do. do. do. 4 do. 7500
Maine, 2d Mond. Sept. Three months do. do. 1 do. 1500
Massachusetts, 2d Mond. Nov’r. Residence and pay tax. do. 1 do. 306(1Ji
Maryland, • Ist Mond. Oct’r. One years residence do. 3 do. 2GG6^
Mississippi, Ist Mond. Nov. Tour months residence. do. 2 do. 2500*
Missouri, Ist Mond. Aug.iThreo do. do. do. 4 do. 1500
Michigan, Ist Mond. Ocl’r. Six do. do. do. 2 do. 2000
New-Hampshire, 2d Tues. March., Residence and pay tax do. 1 do. 1000
Now-York, Ist Mond. Nov. Six months residence do. 3 do. 4000
Now-Jersey, 2d Tuesday Oct. One years do. Legislature. 1 do. 2000
North-Carolina, In August. Prcchold, residence, and tax. By the people. 2 do. 2000
Ohio, 2d Tuesd. Oct’r. One years residence. do. 2 do. 1200
Pennsylvania, do. do. U,) ; do ’ 1,11,1 ten da > s in
the district do. 3 do. 4000
Oov. and Sen. in
Khode-Island, Ap; Rep. in Ap. do. 1 do. 400
and August.
South Carolina, 2d Mond. Oet’r. Six months residence. Legislature, i 2 do. 2500
Tennessee, Ist Thun Aug. Do. do. do. (By the people.! 2 do. 2000
Virginia, In April. One year, housekeeper, &cJ Legislature. | 3 do. 33331
Vermont, Ist Tues. Sept. One year and allegiance. Hy the people. 1 do. 750^
Stale Elections are. held annually in Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhode Island, Massachu
setts, Connecticut, Now-York, Now-Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, Georgia. Ohio, Ken
tucky, Alabama, Indiana, and Michigan; and biennially in Delaware, North Carolina, South Caro
lina, Tennessee Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Illinois, and Arkansas.
All the States vote hy ballot, except Virginia, Kentucky, Arkansas, and Illinois, where they
vote viva mice. The mode of voting in Alabama, Mississippi, Missouri, and Illinois, is regulated hy law.
From the Liverpool Albion, of the \ Wi January.
Mr. Kiddie's Letter.
The letter ot Mr. Hi.idle to tire Hon. J. tj. Ad
onis, which wo mentioned hist week, as being in
the impers reeeived by the Oxford, has attracted
much attention, not only here, where it possesses
a peculiar interest, but elsewhere, both from the
character and conspicuous position of the writer
and the important matters it enters upon, com
mercially and financially. Without pretending
to be thick and thin parli/.ans of Mr. li.ddle, or in
fact, of any other public man, in all his acts, we
have never seen any good reason for the extreme I
jealousy and suspicion with w Inch his proceedings
bar c been viewed. \\ c think, generally speaking,
the issue has more or less, always corresponded
with his declarations, and that there has been a
straight forwardness of pu pose and sincerity of
intention in his policy.—That during the past
year, his mode ol action has grea ly advantaged
American interests, we feel there cannot be a
doubt; audit any party have cause to complain,
it is certainly not Mr Middle's countrymen, but
our own; and even then it may he a question,
w hether, in protecting the interests of one nation,
he has not, indirectly and ultimately, greatly ad
( vanced those of the other.
The letter before us is written in a clear and
forcible style, and, allowing for some little par
-1 dutiable national pride, it contains a fair and candid
! statement of the relative position of the twocoun
| tries, and presents a just picture of the praise
i worthy cll'orts made by the I nited States, to free
itself from the debt which the disasters of 18H7,
and the consequent annihilation of all credit,
seemed calculated to render perpetual li is po
-1 cud irly happy where it alludes to the resistance
i m ale in I'enusy Ivania to the dishonest proposition
for annulling, by a subsequent legislature, charters
I or aiiv other engagements constructed by a previ
i ous tstate Legislature; spurning, with indignation,
1 the doctrine, that a later authority can do away
with what has been solemnly guaranteed by an
earlier one. —whereby engagements with foreign
ers would only he valid as long as the w ill of the
1 maturity. and contracts would be regulated by no
1 other considerations hut immediate interest. The
spirited language in which these sentiments are
j conveyed, show, that if, as Montes juieu states,
honor is the principle of monarchies, it may no
lc ■ lie applied to countries governed by means ol
nurelv popular institutions.
The abundance of every species of wealth in
the Stales save and ex eplii-i money, is dwell
n ■! at length by Mr. Middle; and for this, hr
av the country is reads 11 pay liberally ; ami
I he desirously insinuates that loans made to a
sin- for its internal improvements, are certainly
.i
ance of trade wan in favor of this country. Spe
cie was daily arriving, ami there was no demand
for exchange to send abroad; consequently, most
of the hills remained in circulation, and we find
that although the loans decreased 575.883.530,
the circulation decreased 1 15,468,270 only. This
great disparity may he accounted for hy the fact
that the loans were made on stocks, crops, &c. for
a long time, and have gradually been called in,
while new ones have ceased to he made. This is
one great cause of the scarcity of money which
has prevailed throughout the country during the
past two months. Old loans have become due,
taking a large amount out of circulation, which
the banks have declined to re-issue; a large amount
of post notes have, also become due, and gone out
of circulation since January. Again, in May,
1837, the general suspension took place. Subse
quent to that event, a great number of hanks ex
panded their issues in a great degree, not being
liable to he called upon for specie, while others,
as the New York hanks, steadily curtailed amidst
•h<: reproaches of the speculators. This accounts
for tlie small decrease of loans during that year,
as compared with 1838, when all began to prepare
for resumption, and rigorously to curtail their
loans; therefore, in 1838, notwithstanding the de
crease of importations, money remained tight.
The decrease of deposites, which was in 1837,
$42.700.001 was principally of the public monies
which ceased to accumulate, ami of which large
sums were spent in the Florida war. In 1838
these causes having ceased to operate to so gre at
an extent, the decrease was only $8,058,483.
far more likely to return a large ami secure inter
est, than when, as is usually the case, they are
made to governments who expend them in wars,
or other extravagance,—the only answer to this,
we should say, being, that, possibly, several of the
public undertakings and schemes in America, and
for which the funds have been supplied by Great
Britain, are otamore hopeless and useless nature
j than even war itself. These, however, will be the
j exception and not the rule.
In alluding finally to the support given to the
I southern hanks, and through them to the plan
| lets, Mr. Biddle asserts incidentally, hut still most
, pointedly, what we have already stated, from our ,
own knowledge, in referring to this subject some
time ago,—the total non-participation of the hank
in the profit or loss arising from the cotton ship
ments to Europe. Ho says the bank encouraged ,
these shipments by making advances upon tuem, j
not only because it was necessary to provide funds
in Great Britain for the payment of the bonds
which the hank had issued to the New York mer
chants, during their distress, hut because it was
the duty of the moneyed interests of the country
to protect the prostrate planter from the morci
lessuess of the foreign ' uyer. Conduct, at such
a juncture, as far ns regards America, more legit
imate than this, could not he pursued.
The following up of the same principle, through
a succession of years, and when the necessity no
1 longer existed, would he an undue interference
. i with the freedom of trade and the rights of iudi
. i viduals. But this has not occurred, and Mr.
, | Biddle declares, that the hank will now fall buc k
t I into its natural position, and no longer, as it did
| in the day of distress, stand in the place of a na
. j tional institution, hut confine itself to its own es
,, I peeial concerns. Looking at it as a w hole, the
u I letter seems to have given general satisfaction
a I here, and, though some may remain incredulous
. | and fancy Mr. Biddle will yet continue, not only
i to control, which is ins legitimate province, the
v | finances, but also the staples of the country, it is
„ unjust to suspect his veracity. .\ol only has ho
I himself resumed cash payments, when ho holie
e ] ved it to be safe and practicable, but he seems to
0 | have afforded all the facilities he consistently
t . could, to enable less wealthy institutions to fol
u low his example; and though for a lime, his mode
, ! of action may stem to have encroaelu d upon the
~ gains of a few commercially, yet, we believe it
,f has been for the good of the majoritv Mr. Biddle
appeal stousto he an honorable and pure citizen,
n ' ami to have acted with strict integrity ; and, if
p the interests of his particular friends and those of
his country have, in the end coincided, it ought
( 1 not to he a matter of reproach to him, so long as ,
a | he has not made one subservient to the other,
y 'hat. they both have been favored.
I
! CHRONICLE and sentinel.
AUGUSTA.
SATURDAY MORNING, MARCH !C.
In another column of our paper will he found
two interesting tables ; one giving a condensed
statement of the Banks in every State, at the
close of the year 1838, taken from the New-
York Herald; the other an election table for all
the States.
“ The British Bartizan”
Is the title of n neat and handsome little volume
laid on our table by VV. T. Thompson, the pub
lisher. It is the very beautiful and interesting
story,published in book form, written by Miss
| Moragne, as a prize tale for the Augusta Mirror,
Those who are desirous of encouraging the litera
ture of the South, tvoull find themselves fully
repaid by the parch,ase of this book.
The Mails.
The Wilmington Chronicle of the 12th inst.
says, “ by a late arrangement of the General Pos 1
Office, the mail is to be carried from Washington
City to Weldon, N. C. in 19 hours. This is to
be done by having a travelling Postmaster on the
route, who is to distribute the mails, without de
tention to th.e Steam boats and ears. This is the
plan adopte don some of the great mail routes at
the North.’'
The Norfolk Beacon of the 11th inst. says: —
“We h;arn from a gentleman from Washington’
that tv/o companies of U. S. Dragoons, stationed
at Curlisle, (Penn.) have been ordered by the
President to proceed forthwith to Maine.”
From the N. V. Courier S,- Enquirer, of the IUA
Affairs at the Northeast—Nova Scotia.
If the people of this country ar.d Great Britain
are not involved in a war, it will not be from the
lack of belligerency in their legislative functiona
ries. Our last advices from Halifax inform us of
proceedings in the House of Assembly of Nova
Scotia, that would belter befit a Halifax Tamma
ny Hall than a grave legislative body. On the
receipt of intelligence from New Brunswick, of
the late movements injthe disputed territory, the
assembly adopted forthwith thirteen resolutions
i providing for an organization of the militia, and
the raising of volunteers, and authorizing the lieu
tenant governor to expend 100,000 pounds, ifne
ccssary, in the payment of the troops, and for oth
er services incidental to the protection of the pro
vince from invasion. After the passage of these
resolutions, the Honorable E. M. Donn, who we
are told “in every case supports the dignity nj
the House," proposed with permission of the
Speaker that three hearty cheers should he given,
“to he joined by the gallery!” The proposition
was carried into effect, and the House of Assem
bly with the rampant occupants of the galleries
forthwith set up at the top of their “sweet voices”
three cheers for New Brunswick and the Queen!
This is certainly legislating with the decorum
and decency proper to the discussion of such mo
mentous matters as those of peace and war be
tween two great nations. With a chief magis
trate like Governor Fairfield in Maine, and legis
lators like the honorable Mr. Dodd, and his co
adjutors in the provinces, there is a fine pros
pect, certainly, for the pacific adjustment of our
border difficulties.
The resolutions of the House were responded
to by the legislative Council, without culling in
the aid of the galleries; and Sir Colin Campbell,
the lieutenant governor, replied to the Council
very much after the manner that might have been
expected. We perceive, however, that Sir Colin
alleges that New Brunswick had been entrusted
by her sovereign with the “custody” of the dispu
ted territory. The Council claims with Sir John
Harvey and Mr. Pox exclusive “possession and
jurisdiction” for Great Britain.
Her Britannic Majesty’s ship Crocodile, for
St. Johns N. B. with a division of the 09th Regi
ment, sailed from Halifax 23d ult. The trans
port Eliza, with another division followed on the
«sth. The Numa. with the remainder of the
corps, from Barbadoes, was supposed to have
proceeded in company with the Crocodile, m she
was spoken to the westward of Halifax on the,
morning of the 23d, and was probably fallen in
with bv the Crocodile, and ordered to St. John,
N. B. '
General Scott arrived at Augusta on Wednes
day evening.
In the House of Representatives of Maine, a
bill had been introduced to incorporate the Coun
ty of Aroostook, with Houlton for the shire town
—and embracing within its limits the disputed
territory.
The Administration members of the Legisla
ture were beginning to acquiesce in the doctrines
of the President’s Message, but Governor Fairfield
had made no official communication on the sub
ject of the date of our last advices.
There was a rumor at Houlton, on the 2d of
an intended attack by the provincials upon the gar
rison at that place, but it turned out to he unfound
ed. A British officer bearing despatches fi r Sir
John Harvey, reached Bangor,on the sth. From
his conversation it was inferred that they con
tained no orders from Sir John Colborne, of a
f tenor corresponding with the memorandum of
I Mr. Fox and Mr. Forsyth,
i e cannot forbear calling the attention of the
| English Press to the dgtv'jied and orderly pro
' seeding* in the Nova Scotia Legislature. Had it
| occurred in Arkansas or Texas, it would have
| been pointed at very significantly, as a specimen
of our Republican manners; but occurring as it
j did, in one of her Majesties most loyal provinces,
i we presume it will be considered quite a respcc-
I table allair. True, there was no war feeling in
j the Galleries—no outbreak of public sentiment
. as sometimes will occur with us, —when the gal
leries are instantly cleared ; and therefore, what
I did occur being by order of the house, was nc
| cessarily, very orderly. Who knows but in due
time we simple Republicans may become civil
ized in our mode of Legislation, with such an
example on our borders.
From the N. O. Courier, of the Wth.
Latest from Mexico.
The schr. G. 11. Wetter, Capt. Delvillo, arrived
j last evening from Vera Cruz, which placo she
I left on the 251 h ult., reports that there were about
1 sixteen French vessels of war, and about twelve
English off the coast. Packenham was expected
i to arrive from the city of Mexico, to hold a con
ference with the French admiral, the object of
j which was not known.
i Also that the schr. Ma y and Envoy were up
! for this port, and that the Craton had arrived on
the 23d ultimo; but no account had be nreceived
' of the schr. Balance, which sailed from this place
‘ some time since for Vera Cruz.
As America's Consul murdered under
sanction of Mexican authorities, We
have seen a letter addressed to one of our most
respectable commercial Houses of this city, from
1 the const of Mexico.from undoubted authority,
; which suites that Mr. I.angdon. the American
| Consul lor Lamina De Terminus, died a few days
j previous from blows received from a negro at La
guna, (under sanction of one of their Justices)
i '
--m
' and after being moat, cruellj treated, lie was sent
to it dungeon where he remained 3 nights with
condemned criminals, from whence he succeeded
in escaping with his lady to a small ullage be
tween that and Campeachy, where he died of his
wounds. His lady had gone up to Campeachy,
and an order from the old Judge had followed her
J to bring her back to Laguna, to answer the char-
I ges against her husband.
From the Houston Telegraph,of theHlth.
From Texas.
We have been informed by Mr. Beldin that a
party of about eighty men from Bastrop county,
accompanied by Castro,and forty l.ipan warriors,
recently made an expedition into the Commanche
e country, and near the San Saba, attached and
routed a large body of Commanches, who, with
their women and children were encamped on a
small branch of the stream. Aboutlhirty of the
18 Commanche warriors were killed in the engago
r. ment, many huts and consideinhle baggage cle
stroyed and a large number of horses and mules
captured. On their return, however, a few Cotn-
munches stole silently into the droves of horses
while feeding at night, and by a stampede, recap
tured the whole except ninety-three horses, which
the shrewd Cratro, with ten of his warriors had
driven far in advance of the main company, and
I which he subsequently brought in safety to La
grange. Only two of our citizens were injured
1 on this expedition.
0 General Burlison, at the head of about seventy
c men. recently encountered a large body of Indian
on the Brushy, and after one or two skirmishes,
finding the enemy quite numerous, retreated to a
B ravine, in order to engage them with more advun
t tage; but the Indians fearing to attack him in
this new position, drew off, and retreated into a
neighboring thicket. Being unable to pursue
them, ho returned to Bastrop. It is reported that
• he has lost three men in this engagement; the
1 loss of the Indians is not known, it, however, must
j have been considerable, as most of the men under
Burlison were excellent marksmen, and hud often
e been engaged in Indian warfare.
The citizens of Bastrop county were still mus
tering, when the messenger who brought the in
telligence, left that place, and have, probably, ere
• this, renewed the pursuit of the Indians.
Communicated.
Theatre.—Mrs. Hardwick’s Benefit.
j*
Mn. Editor.—Through the medium of your
. paper I desire to call the attention of the play
e going community to the excellent bill of fare
'* which is offered this evening. The comedy ot
. ‘-The Country Squire,” and the farce of “The
J Highland Heel,' 1 are announced to be performed
■■ for the first time, and both pieces arc of an ex*
ceedingly interesting and attractive character. In
the comedy Mr. Jamison will sustain the part of
e Squire Bruad/ands, and those who have witness.
L ’ cd his numerous masterly efforts thro’ the season,
r ....
’ will not doubt his ability to give us a true deli"
i. neation of “the Fine Old English Gentleman—
i one of the olden time”
The performances arc for the benefit of a lady
> who has claims upon us, and now urges them for
! the first time. Those who have witnessed how
1 correctly she has sustainad the arduous parts al
lotted to her, and have listened to the sweet and
. melodious tones of her voice, will agree with
■ me, that she has had no superior upon our boards
during the season. She offers to the lovers of
r good music a treat which they seldom meet with,
as she promises to sing several favorite songs in
' the course of the evening. To hear Mrs. Hard*
wick sing “John Anderson my Joe,” and “Auld
Robin Gray,” will well, repay any one for the
price of admission. Herein fail not, as it will be
seen by reference to tho dvcrtisemcnt, that thi s
evening will be the last opportunity this season -
PYTHIAS,
The National Intelligencer, of the 9th, says:—
“Not yet hearing of the designation of any citi
zen by the Executive for the Special Mission to
, London, (suggested by the appropriation for that
purpose by Congress,) we are confirmed in the
! belief that no such appointment will be made for
’ he present. ”
Watering Multicaulis Cuttings.—Du
• ring very dry weather in the fore part of summer,
nothing will pay the cultivator better, than fre
i qnent and copious watering of the young plants.
• Slight watering docs no good. A hogshead can
i i he placed upon a curt, and with a small hose the
I water can bo directed upon the plants as the cart
passes along. It may seem a laborious allair to
■ water a field of plants in this way, but on trial it
i will be found to pay belter than any other cmploy-
I ment the same labour can be applied to. —Journal
• as the American S.lk Society.
Another Execution. —The Detroit Adverti
. ’ ser says, “We learn from Mr. Alexander, of
• j Dexter, who has just returned from London, U.
C., on n visit to his son, who is a prisoner, that
Cornelius Cunningham, of Ann Arbor, was exe
! cuted on the 3d ult., ami that the sheriff had le
f eeived orders to hang Doan and Bcrley on the
Blh ultimo.
Argument rnu a Future State,—Dr
1 Nicholas concludes his remarkable work on the
3 “Architecture of the Heavens,” with the follow
-1 ing sublime and cheering reflection: “This at
1 least is established on grounds not to be removed.
’ In the vast heavens, as well as among phenomena
around as. all things are in a state of change and
‘ progress ; there too—on the sky—in splendid
1 j hieroglyphicks, the truth inscribed, that the grand
; est forms of present being are only gems swelling
1 j and Innsting with a life to come. And if the
| universal fabiick is thus fixed and constituted,
p } can we imagine that aught which it contains is
‘ i unupheld by the same preserving law, tlmt an
-1 : inhibition is a possibility, real or virtual—the
j stoppage of the career of any advancing being
j while hospitable infinitude remains 1 No ! let
j night fall ; it prepares a dawn when man’s wea
| rincss will have ceased, and his soul he refreshed
and restored. To some? To every creature
cl j these are words of hope spoken in an organ-lone ;
e ( our hearts suggest them, and the stars repeat
t them, and through the infinite, aspiration wings
c i its way rejoicing as an eagle follows the sun.”
J | _■
j- A Goon Husband.—A poor woman once
upon a time had a daughter married off. Being
, ! asked, shortly afterwards, what kind of a husband
, her daughter had got, she replied, “ Oh, I rather
] guess he’s a tolerable sort of a body, forhe’s "01 a
, long-tailed coat, and a ruffled shirt!”
1 A Fair Business Transaction.—A fellow
■ was engaged to a girl in Maine, hut liked her sis
: I ter hotter than he did her. Wishing to be offwith
the old love before ho was on with the new, he
asked his betrothed what she would lake to release
him; she rep’ied that about sixty-two dollars she
thought was as much as he was worth ; whe cup
j on he ponied up the dust, took quit claim, and
ma/rjed ihc sister.— r/r.
i
York, March 8.
Tub Special Ambassador.—lt is reported
to-day. on what wo consider good authority, that
the Hon. John C. Calhoun, has been appointed by
the President of the United States, Special Am
bassador to Great Britain on the subject of the
Nortli Eastern Boundary.
Admitting this report to be correct, a question
suggests itself as to the constitutionality of the
appointment. Section 2d of article Gth of the
Constitution of the U. States declares, that
No Senator or Representative shall, during the
time for which he was elected, be appointed to any
civil office under the authority of the United States,
which shall have been created, or the emoluments
whcieof shall have been increased, during such
time; and no person holding any office under the
United States shall be a member of either House
during his continuance in office.
Unless there is a distinction between a “ civil”
office and a diplomatic one, wo do not see how
the appointment of Mr. Calhoun can be consis
tent with the above provision.
The Passions.—As light was the cldcst-hom
principle of the universe, so love was the eldest
born passion of humanity, though people quote
Milton to prove that vanity was so—in our own g
sex at least ; and many are the witty sayings on
this favourite text: but they are wrong, and thd|r
text misinterpreted. Eve, when she looked in 4
passionate delight on her own lovely face reflected
in the stream, knew not it was her own and had
nothing else to love; the moment she found an
Adam to lavish the awakened sympathies, she
turned from the shadow to the reality .Seven though
“ less winning soft, less amiably fair;” did not
sit upon the bank and pine to death for'her own
fair face,
“ Like that too beauteous boy.
That lost himself by loving of himself
while the voice of love wooed her in vain. Vanity
in this instance was but the shadow of love. But,
oh me! How many women, since the of
Echo and Narcissus, have pined themselves into
air for the love of men who were in love on'v
with themselves!
Wealth or Britain.—Mr.
abstracts of the general statistics of the I. -
Empire, estimates the property in land and liirn
stock in the United Kingdom, at £‘2,971 .Vo',,
yielding an annual return of £470.020 (Its-, Tub
property in manufactures is rated by the same
writer at £201,000,000, yielding an annual return
of £262,085,180.
Many complaints are published, respecting the
irregularity ot the mails—and with reason. Thev
arc often more uncertain and inconstant than the
winds, and more mysterious—for we frequently
see by Che papers that they are due east, and due
west, at the same time.— P/dlad. Guz.
Wellerism.—l think you had better travel
with me,---as Swurtwout said to the public funds,
when he was leaving one country for another.
How aue the Mioiitt Fallen !—Napo
leon’s sitting-room at Long Wood, St. Helena,
is now a stable; the house a beer-shop; the garden
beneath his window a shccpfold !
Lawyer W , while entering his bed in a
cold winter night, exclaimed, "ofall ways of get-.
ting a living, the worst a man could follow, wouitf
be going about town in sucli nights as this, and
getting into bed for folks."
OBITUARY.
Died, in Columbia county, at the residence of I
Thomas Seay, Esq , Sakaii Winfrey, in the 68th ■
year of her age, leaving many relatives and friends B
to mourn Iter unexpected death. As a parent, she I
was kind and affectionate ; as a friend, sincere—ad- I
ministering with a willing hand to the needy and I
the distressed. Devoted to her God for the last £
several years before her departure, the writer of
this feels no doubt as to her final salvation beyond S
the swelling tide of Jordan. She is gone, no more w
to return—no more to be seen, until \ c meet her lg
at the Mansion of Eternal rest, singing praises to X
Him who alone is able to save “to the utmost all I
who come unto him.”
“ Blessed are they who die in the Lord, for they I
rest from their labors, and their works do follow I
them.” W. R
(p’The Rev. ,T. W. Townsend, will preach in B
the Baptist Church, on Sunday evening, the 17th [i
inst., at half past seven o’clock. It is to be hoped H
that there will be a gi neral attendance. H
Hamburgh, S. C., March 16, 1839. , g
CP We arc requested to say that Maj. E. B. I
Bead wit not be a candidate for Member of Coun- K
cil, in ward No. 4. B
iC7 Ihe so lowing gentlemen will be supported B
for Mayor and Mcmbets of Council, in Ward No. 1. I
FOR MAYI H, ■
A, CLAIMING. I
FOR ALDERMEN, »
W. E. JACKSC N, G. F. PARISH, I
PHILIP CRUMP. mar 13 I
P* We are authorised to announce P. CRUMP I
as a candi lata for member ol i ouncil for Ward No. S
1, at the approaching election. mar 12 1
Op Ibe following gentlemen will be suppartefl *
for Mayor and Members of Council in ward No. 4* a
51 any Voters. R) K
for mayor. ■
WILLIAM W. HOLT. I
FOR ALDERMEN. I
MATTHEW NELSON, JAMES HARPER, I
LEON P. DUGAS. mar 4 Jft
(P ’ VVe are requested to announce RICH Alt UF. W
BUSH, Esq., as a candidate for member of Council
in Ward No. 1, at the approaching election, mar 12 "I
CP The following gentlemen will be supported *
for Mayor and M embers of Council, for Ward No. 4. S
FOR MAYOR,
W. W. HOLT.
FOR MEMBERS OF COUNCIL, '
JAMES HARPER, E. 11. BELL.
mar 8
(P The following gentlemen will be supported Iwj
for members of Council for ward No. 4, at the en
suing election, by Many Voters.
JAMES HARPER, Maj. E. 11. BEALL.
mar 1 i
p 1 We are authorised to announce the fo,vpl I
ing Gentlemen as candidates for Mentions of %
Council, for W ard No. 1. <
WM. E. JACKSON, : -
G. F. PARISH, D. L. HOLLIDAY,
mar 2
OP The following gentlemen will be supportr
for members of Council in the Third Ward:
D.W.ST. JOHN, JAH. H Blsr
WILLIAM RANKIN in. r I
Oj’ The following gentlemen will be sup . ■
for members of Council in the Second Ward:
MARTIN M. DVE, JOHN Hill, I
SAMUEL THOMPSON mar 1 •
Op The following gentlemen will be supported
for members of Council, for Ward N«a 2. i
M. M. DYE. B. H. WARREN, * ■
feb 26 JOHN HILL. H
OP We are authorized to say that ALFRED j
CUMMINU. 7’- 7.. will, at the approaching elect.T. |H
be a candidate for the office of Mayor of the city of j)jj|
Augusta. feb 18
OpWe are authorised to say that WILLIAM
W. HOLT, Es(/., will, at the approaching election,
be a candidate for the ofiicc of Mayor of the city of VH
Augusta. td feb 7
■;p DEXTISTR V.— R, E. Martin has returned
to the city, and can be consulted at the U. S. Hotel —
private entrance on Broad-street —Room No. 45,
econd floor. feb 11 -ts
(j f RJCSWEXT DENTIST..—Or. Mvvftoi’ii
operating rooms, second doo- from R road-street on
Mclntosh-st., opposite the Constitutionalist office,
march 13