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is SrrDkeMg €l)tonidc&o«ntmd WILLIAM E. JONES. AUGUSTA, Ga, SATURDAY MORNING, APRIL 27, 1839. V ol. Ill— No 47 ■tat: chronicle and ssmtinel PUBLISHED, daily, tri-weekly, and weekly At No. Brood-street. terms: Daily paper. Ten Dollars per annum, in advance! ; ' Tri-Weekly paper, at Six Dollars in advance or I Seven at the end of the year. tJFecfr/i/paprr.Threc Dollars in advance, or Four a * < S(| ‘ the end of year. P &IIIUJNICL.K AND SI4NTINUL. AUGUSTA. FRIDAY MORNING., APRIL 20. Much has been said of late about the interfer p cnee of office holders under the General Govern s ment, with the freedom of state elections. Too Bft- much cannot be said against the tolerance of this Hptorrupting and demoralizing practice. It was un fc, known in the earlier and purer days of the repub ||lie, and seems to have grown up with the degener lacy of more modern politics. The fust adminis- Strations under the constitution, depended upon wisdom, justice and pat-iotism of their mea* ■ sures to secure the approbation and support ol the ■ people; but now, the practices of Washington I and Jefferson are disregarded and our rulers I place their reliance upon the zeal, activity I and management of those who hold office I under them, in using the influence of their ■ places to torture public opinion into seeming ap- H proval. Office holders are now taught to know il that their tenures are dependent upon the extent || and value of their services as whippers-in at elec -11 tions. They have even been taxed a per centage M upon their salaries and forced to contribute to 3 that extent, to defray the expenses of clcctioneer || ing campaigns. Those things are alarming and « deserve the consideration of those who feel an ■ interest in the perpetuity and purity of our free institutions. Wo shall recur to it often and W again. The people shall not slumber over their ■ dearest rights, threatened as they are, with ruin, 9 from the corruption of the times. 9 We have been led into these hasty remarks, by M the perusal of a powerful and stirring speech on this subject, by the lion. W. C. Rives, of Vir ginia, in the Senate of the United States at the ’f last session of Congress, which we intend to lay 1 before our readers at an early day, A young artist of New Y r ork by the name ol I Stout, has executed a full length statue of Queen M Victoria, which is now exhibited at the Stuyve ■ sant institute of that city. The New York Her » aid describes it as a masterpiece of workmanship, M unequalled by any thing of modern European ex -9 ecution. i The two candidates for Governor of Tennes- I see are making a tour of the state, travelling in I company and making speeches to the people. F They had a boat recently before the people of Rutherford county, and their speeches arc reported in the Nashville Banner. There seems to be but little doubt of the success of Camion, the Whig candidate, by a large majority. I The Niles Intelligencer of a late date, contains a letter from Prairie Du Chien of the 2d ultimo, which states that trouble with the Winnebago In dians was confidently looked for. That abou, 400 had collected on Rock River, who declare in positive terms, their intention to resist the treaty and not to remove unless compelled. The letter says that from the last accounts, they were in creasing in numbers daily. The tunnel on the Chesapeake and Ohio Ca- P nal, in Allegheny county, Maryland, is now near ly half finished. It will be three thousand feet in length, and the highest point of the mountain, 1 through which it passes, is 360 feet above the level of the tunnel. The whole distance it is to be cut through is solid rock. Mr. Duane, late Secretary of the Treasury, has published a narrative and a correspondence be tween him and Gen. Jackson, concening the removal of the Deposites. The publication is spoken of as highly interesting. In a li tter, which Mr. D. wrote to a friend soon after his entrance into office, he alludes to the Kitchen Cabinet, and thus speaks of Kendall. However grievous it may be to suppose such a thing, it is true, that there is an m nEseoxsiiiLE cabal having more power than the people are aware of.” ‘‘Mr. Kendall I have seen but four times in my life up up to the present hour, and, at no time have I been in his presence longer than about ten min utes. All 1 caiasay, is, that his conduct to Mr. H. Clay, never seemed to be that of a pure man. Consequently as it is in my nature to be repelled or altractcd at once, I have obeyed my impulse in avoiding him. Florida. The situation of the inhabitants of parts of this Territory continues to be most dangerous and de plorable. The National Intelligencer of Wed | nesday says, that a letter received on the 18th from Mr. Wm. D. Acken, a well-known respec table former inhabitant of Washington city, un der date of St. Mark’s, April sth, affords sufficient evidence of this. The following is an extract from it: “Yesterday the Colonel was with me, and I did anticipate he would have stayed with me some time; but, (horrid to relate !) before the sun set we received intelligence that Col. Scott’s house had been attacked by Indians. Mrs. Baity and children, with Mrs. Ferine, were there on a visit. > Mrs. P. was shot dead, and one of the servants, who was in the house at the time, was mortally wounded; and Wm. Bailey, the child, was wounded in the arm. This occurred about eight o’clock on the night of the 3d inst. lam placed, and have been, in a most wretched situation. I am almost worn down, I have nothing more to stale, but that my party [engaged in getting out Navy limber] has been twice attacked this winter, and we have been twice driven; one white man was killed, and two Indians. We are now busy shipping timber at the hazard of our lives, “ There is no knowing what a day may bring forth. This is written under great excitement. We are in a horrid state.” Extract of o letter from Glasgow,dated March 20 1539. Atlantic Steamers. —“ We feel highly gratitied to inform you that the keels of three steamers of 1100 tons and 420 horse power, are now about being laid. No expense will be spa ed to make these boats equal to any vessels now atloat. They are intended to be run between Liverpool and Halifax twice a month, with a con tinuation from the latter port to Huston, and other steamers from Pictou for Quebec, which will, no doubt, create not only a greater intercourse with the United States, but an immense addition of travel on the various rail roads, by which means passengers and letters will arrive in Quebec in a shorter time than they now do by steam to New York.—Your friend Cunard has just left here, after extending the size of the boats beyond the power and tonnage first contemplated. The con tract is made with Messrs. Wood and Napier, the most extensive and successful builders in the kingdom. U. S. Pensioners. —Two millions four hun dred and ninety-eight thousand nine hundred and nineteen dollars was appropriated by Congress at its late session for the payment of pensioners. Great Fire at Ogdensbnrgh. A Postscript to the New York American ofSat urday says—“We regret to state that letters have been received in town, which give an account of a most extensive fire at Ogdensburg. It broke out on Tuesday night last, and was raging with violence at 4 o’clock P. M. on Wednesday, at which hour the last part of one of the letters was dated. On both sides of Ford street, the princi pal street, and on State and Isabella streets, the destruction has been complete. Among the hous es burned was the Ogdensburg Hank, and many of the most valuable stores in the place. It was supposed by many to have been the work of in cendiaries from the Canada side, threats to that effect having been thrown out within a short time previous. New Orleans, April 19. Mississippi. —The stale ofaffairs in Mississip pi is any thing but flattering. The greatest dis tress seems to prevail. The newspapers teem to overflowing with legal advertisements. We hear daily of the sacrifice of property, and credit is a thing which is sometimes talked of but hardly expected, much less known. It will be remembered that prior to the com mencement of the great breaking up, as the dark day has been designated, the planters and mer chants of Mississippi became largely indebted to Ncw-Orlcans. Since that period, when our mer cantile community became satisfied that they had been unfairly dealt with by some of the Mississip pians, who drew upon more than one house for advances on the same productions of the season, which were to be delivered, about ten thousand suits have been instituted, and judgements ob tained. When collections were attempted to be made, by the proper officer, the executions were stayed by what are termed “forthcoming bonds,” giving additional security forthc payment against a future date. The time for payment has come around, and we understand that a declaration of resistance has been made, threatening the officer who may attempt to enforce the obligations. Be sides our merchants are to suffer another delay, as it is said, the bonds given were informal, and have to be taken anew. Same estimate may be placed on the situation of things in Mississippi from the fact, that on a single olfering day, upwards of 5,000 notes were tendered the Union Hank for discount, amounting in the aggregate to about $15,000,000! Great distress must prevail, ana the worst may not have come. It is a bitter thing to wake up from the dream of cxhaustlcss wealth to the reality of em barrassment and future poverty and labor. Such we fear has been the fate of many, and we trust that their backs may be strengthened to the bur then. Melancholy Shipwreck. —lt will be recol lected that the brig Annawan, of and for Roches ter, Ms. from a whaling cruise, was fallen in with 29th ult. lat. 35, 30, abandoned. The fate of her crew is given in the subjoined letter, trom the New York Express, dated:— Guatama, P. K. March 17. The brig Hulah, Mitchell, of Bangor, from New York, arrived here yesterday and reports that on the 3d inst. in lat. 36 N. fell in with the brig Annawan, of Rochester, a complete wreck, and full of water; took of Edmund Burke, boat stecrer, Obed Chacc, Benj. Snow, Samuel Gaf ford, I Charles Hall, Americans, and Frank Parsons and Joe, Portuguese, the only survivors. I have conversed with some of these men, who say, that the A. was lying to, in a gale of wind, when a sea boarded her in the night—washed oft' Jere miah Berry, 2d mate, and most of the watch on deck, filling the cabin and forecastles in the latter somo were drowned. 'The Captain, Charles Bales, and Wilson Fallow, mate, gained the main top, also one or two roat steorcfs, and some sea men, where they died in about 36 hours. The captain died and fell olf, the mate came on deck and died ; the captain was yet alive when the B. hove in sight, but died before she reached them ; the only survivors (seven) above named were ta ken oft - . A few days afterwards fell in with schr. Philenia, of Boston, from New York for Curacoa, when Edmund Burke and Obed Chacc, went on board her; the balance are here, and will sail in several vessels bound to the States. The Anna wan was out 7 months, and bound home with 575 barrels oil. More Burninh on the Frontier.— The St. Albans Messenger of April 11th, stales that sev eral buildings had been burned since the affair at Highgale, at Alburgh, and Caldwell’s Manor. The Messenger says: “The Governor bus forwarded 300 stand of arms from the Arsenal at Vergenncs, and author ised Gen. Nason to call out as many of his Bri gade ns he should deem necessary for the protec tion of this part of the frontier. About 300 men have been drafted and put on duty. Half of this number, we understand, were disbanded on Tues day, as it was thought the present number would be sufficient to guard the frontier in this section. Should there be no further disturbance very soon, they will probably all be disbanded. We sin cerely hope these dastardly attacks upon private property will be effectually stopped, and oui fron tier citizens permitted to rest quietly.” A Western editor speaking of the funeral of one of the most distinguished citizens of the village, says, “it was attended by a large concourse of his yellow m citizens!” What a difference it makes the substitution of a y for an f. i Preuictiow bv Dh. Johnson.— A writer in the New \ork Journal of Commerce quotes the following paragraph from the Adventurer of Oc tober 16, 1753, long before the Thames and Sev ern Canal was undertaken, and even before Ca nals were known in England, and of course long before the invention of steamboats or locomotives. 11 Men accustomed to reason and researches, think every enterprise impracticable, which is extended beyond common eflects, or comprises many intermediate operations. Many that pre sume to laugh at projectures, would consider a ilight through the air in a winged chariot, aml the movement of a m'ghty engine by the steam of water, as equally the dreams of mechanic lu nacy, and would hear with equal negligence, of the union’of the Thames and Severn by a canal, and the scheme ol Albuquerque, the Viceroy of the Indies, who in the rage of hostility had contrived to make Egypt a barren desert, by turning the Nile into the Red Sea.” Ext ito us.—The true church at this moment lies in the Editors of newspapers. These preach to the people daily, weekly, admonishing kings themselves, advising peace or war, with an au thority which only the reformers and a long past class of popes, were possessed of; indicting mo ral censure; imparting moral encouragement, consolation, edification; always diligently admin istering the discipline of the Church. It maybe said, too, that in private disposition the new preachers somewhat resemble the mendicant friars of old times, outwardly full of zeal, inwardly not without stratagem and hunger for terrestrial things. Zoological Societf. —At the ordinary mee ting on Tuesday evening, a communication was read from Lieutenant H. K. Sayers, 31st regt. on the habits ot the chimpanzee, a late and most in teresting addition to the menagerie at the Re gent’s Park. About three years ago a male ( himpanzee was in the possession of the society which attracted a great deal of attention, but which died after it had been but a few months at the gardens. Like the former specimen the pre sent is a young one, which was purchased by Lieutenant Sayers about eight months since from a Mandingo, at Sierra Leone, who obtained it by shooting the mother, the young animal always remaining by the side of its wounded parent. The reason why so few chimpanzcesare obtained arises from a superstitious belief that they are ca pable of bewitching persons, and the Mahomme dans in the country believe that they were the first people created by Allah, when the world was different, and there was no bush ; in conse quence, however, of their being lazy, Allah pun ished them, by surrouding them with bush, and rendering the wild fruit difficult to obtain. The chimpanzee is found in all the countries from the banks of the Gambia, in the north, to the kingdom ofCoigoin the south, and the shores of the Bul lour country, situated to the north of the river Sierra Leone, arc infested by them in numbers quite equal to the commonest species of monkey. All the tales of the “wild man of the woods” are fabled with regard to this species, who possess great strength. The young one in the posses sion of the society is supposed to be about 14 months old at the time he procured it; it was at first remarkably docile, and exhibited great de light with articles of clothing which it could at anytime procure. Although fond of being ca ressed by strangers, it did not exhibit any partiali ty for other animals, and, although kept for four or five months in a room with two Palas mon keys, it did not show any disposition to become friendly with them. Little opportunity has yet been afforded for examining its habits since it has been in the possession of the society, but it was immediately recognised by the female ouran outan as one of an approaching species, and foundlcd by it to the amusement of the spectators.—Lon don paper. Ckockfoiid’s.—The European correspondent of the New York Star gives the fallowing de scription of Crockford’s. The building of Grockford’s cost £60,000, and the furniture and wines came to nearly £40,000 more. It is one of the best built and handsomest houses in London; but its interior is more like a palace than is Buckingham House, where the Queen n sides. Carving, gilding, sculpture, make the rooms quite a show to visit. There are not less than 300 subscribers (paying 10 guineas a year, and 20 guineas entrance) and this £BOOO or £lO,OOO a year, would never pay halfthscost of the wine actually given to the members. There is in fact, little deep play until “the wine is in” and “ the wits out.” Then the play is sure to commence in earnest. Such suppers! Udc is the cook, or ralhcr the director, for he rarely ope rates himself. The actual value of the wines in Crockford’s cellar (which runs under and across St, James’ street) is now £BO,OOO ! This cellar is nearly 300 feet long, and contains nearly half a million bottles of wine. Ido believe that at Crorkford’s and Bond’s there is no unfair play. What is called the “turn of the table” yields the profit. This must he large, as the expenses at Crockford’s are £lOOO a vcck, and about £5OO at Bond’s. The “ points” in favor of the bank (i. e. of the owner of the concern) are 100 per cent, per stake each hour, on French hazard. If £lOOO stakes were risked each time, £lOOO per hour would be lost by the players, without their having a shadow of a chance against it. Say that the play was 30 hours per week, the bank would, on this gmund alone, win £50,000 a week. Curious nivsn—ln the province of Auda lula, in Spain, there is a river of the most extra ordinary and singular qualities. It rises m the Sierra Mountains, empties itself into the Mcdit terrancan near the town of Huelva, and is named “the Tintu,” from theltinge of its waters, which arc as yellow as topaz, hardening the sand and petrifying it in a most extraordinary manner. If a stone happens to fall in and rest upon another they both hem me in a year’s time perfectly uni ted and conglutinated. All the plants on the banks of the river are withered by its waters whenever they overflow, as arc also the roots of trees which it dyes of the same hue as itself. No kind of verdure will come where its water reaches nor fish live in its stream. When given to cattle to drink it kills worms in them; but in general no animal will drink it, except goats, whose flesh, nevertheless, has an excellent flavor. These sin gular properties continue till other rivers run into it. and alter its nature; for when it passes by Nie bla, it is not different from other rivers, and falls into the Medilterranean six leagues lower down, at the town of Huelva, where it is two leagues broad, and admits of large vessels, which come up the river as high as Ban Juan del Puerto, three leagues above Huelva. Happiness is thus defined by the Boston Post: —“ A soft couch by the fire. a new novel, a pretty wife, a dozen cigars, a bottle of port, a loose gown, easy slippers, a good conscience, and a squalling baby.” Ingenious invention eoii taking Casts or the Human Face, on Form. —By the common mode of taking a cast the weight ami constriction of the wet plaster not only renders the process disagreeable, but imperfect, especially i» representing Ibo features: for the muscles of the face become rigid, and the physiognomical ex pression of a plaster mask is sullen and painful in consequence, Those defects are entirely ob viated by the new machine, whir h consists of a vertical disc whose surface is composed of an al most innumerable quantity of very fine steel wires and needles, as dose together as the hairs ol a brush, moving in two plates perforated with a corresponding nmnlier of holes, with so much ease that the points yield to the slightest pressure. Into this surface the face is gently pushed and by a most simple and ingenious contrivance the whole of the needless are in an instant fixed se curely, their surface presenting a concave mould otthe face. Plaster is then poured in, the wires being so close that the liquid cannot escape be tween them, and when set hard a working mould is taken from it, in which other casts are made. So instantaneous is the operation, and so delicate the construction of the mechanism, that the face of a crying child is taken with all its muscular contortions; and were any person to keep open his eyes the eyeball would not be injured, and a stiff beard of two days growth would be marked in the cast.— Spectator. A new power. —ln one of the fever and ague districts of Michigan, they talk of putting this disease to a useful purpose—such as driving saw-mills They say those who shake moderately hard are sufficient to propel a steamboat, and no danger of “ bilcr’s burstin.”— St. Louis Argus. Reckon the ague would take well among the Shakers. When we were a chub of a boy, our grandmother, when we had a chill, would set us to shaking the carpels; but finally she took the ager herself, and it shook all of her teeth out at the first shaking and ever since she has lived on spoon wittles. One day she had such a pow erful shake, that it shook all the milk sour in the cellar.— Cincinnati A;. ws. Volcanic Islands m the Mediterranean. Tim heaving up of volcanic matter from the bot* tom of the st a to such a bight above the suriaeo at the water as to form an island which may be safely trod den, is .1 rare and inte esling occurrence. That such things frequently happened at a former, and proba bly an early period of the earth’s history, is quite evident from the great number ol islands which are found to he of volcanic origin ; but an event ofth-s description taking place in our own times, is cal culated to fix attention, ns much from its novelty as from its extraordinary nature In July, 183), an island was thrown up between Sicily and Panlel liria, in the following remarkable manner. About the 10th of Ju’y, a column of water like a water spout, sixty feet in hight, and afterward a cloud of vapor, we.e observed rising from the sea at the place where the island afterward made its appearance No fire was seen until the 17th, when Ihe master of a London brig was able to distinguish flame ; and 11 is probable mat at this period the land began to emerge from the water. On the night of the 18th, flushes of brilliant light, mingled with smoke, were distinctly visible by ihe light of the moon; and so remarkable were the appearances, i.» to induce the commander of one of his Majesty* ship to sleei for the spot, for the purpose of examining them more closely. A large column of smoke was sen tow enng above the sea is a considerable high), and from the midst old pillars of lurid fire shoi up, and then subsided, the column, which was formerly dark gradually becoming white This alternation of eruption and repose, of white and black, euiiiiniied during die whole night. On die following morning asm dl hillock ofadark green color was seen rising a few feet above the surlacc of the ocean, hut it con turned only visible at intervals between the more vto lent eruplions. The volcano was in a constant state ol aclivity, and appeared to be discharging dust and (tones, together with vast quantities 01 s cam. On soundings being taken, no bottom was found till those who made die experiment were wi bin twenty yards oldie island, itsoemed to be composed of fine cinders and mad of a dark brown color; and within it was descried, during the pauses of ih< eruption, a mixture of muddy walei, steam, and cin ders, dashing up and down,and occasionally running over die sides into die sea. All Ibis lone showers ofliot’stones or cinders shot upward a few yards, and then full into ibe gulf whence they were ejected One of the eyewitnesses observes regarding these erupt ons : “ No words can describe dieir sublime grandeur Their progress was generally as billows • Altenhc volcano Imdentitled for some lime its usual quantities of while sleam. suddenly too whole ap erture was filled withjan enormous in iss ol hot cin ders aril dust,rushing upwards tolhe bight ofsonae hundred feet wiib a loud roaring noi.-e, then falling into the sea on all sides with a still louder noise, nri ing in pan, perhaps, from the formation of prodigious quantities of steam which in slam ly took place. This steam was at first of a brow n color having embodied n great .leal oldie dust. As ii r«»e it. gradually recovered iis pure while color, depositing die dust ii the si ape of a sbowei of muddy rain. While ibis was being accomplished, renewed eruptions of hot cinders and dust were quickly succiding each ether, while 'orked light ning, accompanied by raiding ihunder, darted about in nil directions within the column, now darkemd "ith dust and greatly increased in volume, and ills lorled bysiiddrngusls and whirlwinds The latter were most Irequent on the leo side, where they of ten made imperfect waier spools ol curious shapes. On one occasion some ol the steam reac ~ed the boat; it smelt a lide ofsulpber, and the mud it left became a gritty sparkling dark brown powder when dry None of die stom a or cinders thrown out appeared more than hall a foot in diameter, and most ol them were much smaller." At this time the island was from fifty lo ninety feel in bight, and about thee quarters of a mile in circumference. Ii an a led great attention as soon as the fact became known, and Capinin Swinburne was despatched in a culler to ascertain the exact nsilion of the island. This comma der effected a landing on the 3d of August, (misled the British ensign, and called it Graham Island We subjoin a description of die volcano in nearly his own w ords ; “ Seizing a favorable moment, we gave way widi ou r oars- t nr distance was rather greater than we could have wished, but we proceeded hs quickly as the sea wan'd allow. As no approached, some oc casional jels were thrown up, hut oflillo conse quence, and a current was discovered running to Ihe westward, and netting us farther to the right than wo desired. Wj.hm twenty yards of the shore the wat t appeard shoal, and die sea broke ; but ns there was no appearance of surf oil die beach, we kept steadily on till the boat siruck die ground. 'i he unienjack was thjn planted ; such observations were made ns ihe pressure of ei'cuinstances and the imminent danger ol a Ircsh eruption every moment would admit of; a bucketful of the material of which die island set mod chiefly composed was col lected ; and we reenthniked The form of the crater is nearly a perfect circle, and complete al >ng its whole circumference, excepting for abut two hundred and fifty yards on the south nstsidc, which are broken and low, not apparently above ihrce feet high, ’the bight of tiie highest part 1 suppose by the eye lobe about one hundred and eighty feet The outer diameter is, I think, almost six hundred and leny yards, and ihe inner about four hundred The whole circuit of die island I conceive lo he from a mile and a quarter lo a mde and one (hi d The fragments brought awav are compact and heavy, and die whole snniiee of the island is dense and perfectly hard under ihe feet. No variety of stones were procured, nor any lava; neither did I see any jels or streams of lava wlnleon the island. Ail the i fragments were very hot when collected ; and I thought the sea chi e to the shore somewhat higher than further out, allhough of this I w is not very cer tain. ’the latitude ol me island is 37° 11' north, longitude 14° 44' east of Greenwich. The island went on increasing in size, and accord i ing to some accounts, w*« in a few- days above two j * i-"" l,lred fee * in bight, and three mile, in circum- ! a lerenee. After attaining Inis, its maximum mugni. I uni’, itnppcars to have been gradually reduced by i reaction of the wave*, (or on the idih of August it r wa *,° ~V two milei round, and on the 3d oi Sep , wntoerit was no more than thre -fifths of a mile m eiraj.mlererii e, while its greatest hignt did not ex ■ ceed one hundred and seven feel. It appears that I the volcanic matter, during its ejection, It .d luund a . second vent at no great distance Irum the surface, t ,or ,n the itonili ol August u great ebullition and agitation olibesea occurred, accompanied by the constant ascension tit a r olmn nfdense light-colored steam. By the end ol October not a vestige of the eiacqj - remained and, with tbe exception ol a small teapot saint und scoriie,tbe whole island was nearly on a level with the sea. In short it at length entire ly disappoard, and a dangerous reef, ol an oval figure, Ibree-nnhs of a mile in extent, now occupies the submarine site ol Graham Island. Toward the end ol 1833, Captain 'wmhurnc (the same who bud planted the British (lag upon the island to so little purpose) found, in (lie centre of the reef, a black rock about VO luthom.i in diameter, and from II to 11 leet under water. Around this rock were banks ol black volcanic stones and 100-c sand Tito rocky mass in the com re is supposed to bo solid lava, which nsec- ded in the piiocipal crater; and asan '! )m ® “J 1 ,' 0 distance there was discovered a second shoal, tins, with great probability, is conjected to be the snoot the second comb, I where the sub marme eruption took ptac J n August, it ap|iears then, as t ruiessor Lyell tdiserves, that a bill eignt hundred loot or more in hight (the depth of water here being six hundred fl-et/ was (hinted by a sub mar. e volca„tc vent, of which the upper pan (only about two hundred leet high) em- rg'-d above the vvatersSoos to form an ishmd This cone must have been equal in szo to one of the Inrg- at ol thu L“'iT?. \ ol ? , " l ® a , on flanks of Kina, and shout hall the Ingbi ol the mountain jorullu in Mexico In the cetrirc is a great column of solid lava, snp , posed to fill the space by which the gaseous Hinds maile their escape; and on each mile i«a siranlied moss of sconro and fn-gmentary hiva Tbe solid nucleus o the reef where Ino black rock is now louiidy Wii inlands th.* movement* of (lie «en ; while thu loose matter which remained visible was gradually washed away by ,t. .Subsidiary craters un ity no means rare near the summit ofu large cone, and one of these appears to have bicn formed in the case of Graham island ; a vent, pc Imps, connected with the main ch.innel of discharge, which gave passage, m that direction, to elastic Hinds, scor re and inelletl lava. It is not known whether lava overflowed from either vent, hut it is quite po sihlc that melted rocks may have run down the sides ol the cone, as often happens on land,and have spread in a broad sheet uvc the bottom of the sea There i are some remarkable fiels connected with this phenomenon. About a fortnight before lire erup tion was visible, Str I’ubney Malcolm, in passing over the position of the vulcanoe in his ship, ex perienced several severe shocss, as if he had s ruck on a sandbank, and wh ch he aurihu'ed o an enilh quake. Jhe same sho ks weie fell on thu west C'Bsl ol oiedy, A circumstance still more wor.hy ol nonce is, t hat lit re ir a tradition at llulta, of a volcano existing on ih« same spot about the com mencement of the last century ; and there is extant an old chart ul the Meditmraneaii, which lays down a slrnal, with only four fiiihoms of water on it; and called Larmoar s Breakers, within a mile ofilio same latitude end longitude. Not long before the cvem look place, n naval officer, in surveying this part ol Hie Mediterranean, found a dept h of more than one humned fat hum < water on the spot, where there is now only ahum ton feet. 1 here are other modem instances of the formation ol islands by sub-marine eruptions, as that of So hr no, in He year Mil. of St. M„ hael’s, one of the g'Otip n| islands called the Azores: but no occurrence "tilio kind has attracted so inueii attention, or been so minutely described, a the appearance and disap pearance of Grahams Island. The Gaudaof. —A French journal observes r t.iat cabbage is a sovereign remedy for intoxica tion from wine, and that it has even the power of preventing it; for we are informed th :t by eat ing a certain quantity of cabbage before dinner, wc may drink us much wine as we plca«c, with out experiencing any inconvenience. This pro- I perly of the cabbage is also mentioned by ancient writers, who arc of opinion that it proceeds from the antipathy which this vine shows to the cab bage. ff a cabbage be planted near a vine, the latter either retires or dies. Consignees per South Carolina Rail Road. Hambcro, April 24, 1839. Stovall, Simmons & Co., T. Dawson, Uccse & Bea 1, B. W. frorce &Co., W. Claggctt, T. Uichaids, Aldrich & Shove, Rankin, Boggs & Co., Nelson Carter, J. W. Houghton, L. Dwcllc, Antony St, Haines,T. H. Plant, Uathbone & Baker, J. M. & W. Adams, J. P. Seize, J. Davidson, C. Hoffman, C. Batty, C. A. Greiner, VV. E. Hi J. U. Jackson, J F. Henson. N. Jerome, Anderson & Adams, Geo. Parrolt. MARINE INTELLIGENCE. Savannah, April 24. Cleared. —Schr Dexter, Mason, New Bedford. Arrived yesterday.— llrig Thomas and Edward, Gilchrist,Thomaston, Me schr Madawaska, Small, Havana ; schr Eagle, Wiley,Havana j schr Torch, Nickerson, Philadelphia. Charleston, April 2.5. Arrived yesterday. —Ship New Jersey, Dickson, Boston; U. L. brig Planter, Sturgis, New York; brig Oriole, Tucker, Philadelphia. Cleared. —Bel. barque Jean Key, Hintncz, Ant werp; U. L. brig Sun, Brown, New York; schr. Susan, Taylor, Havana; schr. Klliott, Morlcy,Ply mouth ; schr. < olumbia, Cramer, Jticlmiond. Linen Shirtings, English Long Cloths, Sheeting, Marseilles ({mils, etc. JUST received,a lot of 10-4,12-4 linen Sheeting, English long Cloths, Shirtings, 10-4,12-4 Mar seilles Quilts, Russia Diapers, brown and grass Linen,brown Ho'land, Irish Linen, Klatfield Linen, 4-4 and 10-4 cotton Sheetings, plain and check MusMns, very fine Jackonct and Swiss Muslins, printed Lawn, very small figure, line Marseilles and Victoria Skirts, I(MMusquittoNettings, fine French worked Braids, printed Aprons, sewing Silk, plated hooks and eyes, whalebone, etc. etc. Also, will have opened by Friday, new style rib bons in plaid, embroidered and plain lig’d, 8 eases line Leghorn and English Straw Bonnets Misses’ Leghorn and col'd Bonnets, sewing Silk, Gloves, 8-4 hlk nett Shawls, nett and fancy silk Shawls 3-4 to 0-4, a splendid assortment of new style Silk, plain and fig’d, hlk India Satins, hlk Barrcgc for summer dresses, striped drillings for pantaloons, needle worked children’s Caps, embroidered muslin dresses, children’s dresses, and hodys, long mitts, London collars, latest patterns.green, blk and white Veils, new style, hlk love Veils, col’d crapes, blk crape for veils, tapes, needles, etc. etc., at lowest prices, offered for sale, wholesale and retail at Mrs. C. HOFFMAN’S Fancy Dry Goods S( Millinery Store, Broad-street, Augusta. mar 21 _ lm4taw TO HUNT.—A new and very convcn- Sent Dwelling, situated on Keynold-strcet, containing eight rooms, six of them on the first floor, u 7 foot passage in the centre, with a good kitccen and garden. Apply to A. PIQUFT. »P 26 trw3t_ IRON! AND HR ASS FOUNDRY. f|IHE Subscriber has now in operation his new ! ■ Furnace, and is prepared to receive orders for : Castings of all descriptions, and hopes from punc | tuality and attention to busine s, to merit a share of | public patronage. His Furnace is situated in Con i cord street, next to the corner of Hasell street, the 1 stand formerly occupied by Messrs. Eason Sc Dot | tercr. JACKSON MORTIMER, Ghar'e.ton, April 25 swOw Proceedings of Council. Saturday, April 20, 1839. I resent—the Hun. A. Gumming, Mayor—Al dermen Bishop, Bush, Dye, Hill,Crump, Harper, Rankin, and St. John. 1 he minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. The Police Docket was taken op, and the fol lowing cases were tried for violations of the 13th section ot the General Ordinance. Michael Mcßride, lined ten dollars, and to stand committed until paid. K. Collin, fined one dollar, without costa. Messrs. Parish and Nelson appeared and took their seats. Mr. V. Crepu was elected to take chargeof the City Clock, at the annual aura of $lOO, and to give bond in the sum of $2OO for the discharge of the duties. The communication of the Commander of the “Augusta Artillery Guards,” was to a committee of one member from each ward, to consist of Messrs. St. John, Parish, Hitt, and Thompson. The report of the Committee on Engines wa g received, and the engine No. 3, ordered to bo sold, and the amount paid over to the Treasurer, and the Committee authorized to purchase a new Engine, at a cost not to exceed $750. Resolved, That in consequence of the increase of duties, that the salary of the Clerk of Counci* be raised; by an additional sum of five hundred dollars per annum, from the first of April, 1839. Council adjourned to 3 o’clock, P. M. Three o’clock, P. M. Present—the Hon. A. Gumming, Mayor—Al dermen Bush, Dye, Nelson, Rankin, Bt. John, Hitt, Harper, and Crump. The following resolutions were offered and agreed to: By Mr. Harper, Resolved, That the Committee on the Rive Bank and Wharf, bo instructed to have made, a t the northern end of East Boundary street, a Wharf, for the use of the Street Otficer, and oth ers, and to advertise for the same and Report to Council at the next regular meeting. By Mr. Nelson, Resolved, That the Street Committee adver tise for proposals to construct a Bridge over that branch of the Beaver Dam crossing Green-street, and to pul in good repair all that portion of Green-street, between McKinnc and West Bound ary-street, and also to improve a portion of said street, between McKinne and West Boundary streets, sufficiently for the convenient passage of carriages and other vehicles, and that the propo sals be laid before the next regular meeting of Council. By Mr. Parish, Resolved, That the Committee on the City Hall lie authorized to put up two Lamps, with Iron Posts, on the platform in front of the City Hall. The report of the Committee on the “ Water Works,” being read and accepted, the following resolutions, ottered by Mr. Harper, were read and agreed to. Resolved, That the sum of $ 18,000 be tendered to 8. Hale, Esq., for the Water Works, and all the property, rights, and privileges, attached to the same, if the titles arc found to bo satisfactory, in City Scrip, bearing an interest, payable annu ally, from the Ist of October next, at the rate of 6 per cent, per annum, irredeemable for twenty years, except at pleasure of the holder; Mr. Hale binding himself by a bond, with approved secu rity, to keep the main line of logs, the reservoir, and the works near the spring in good order, until the Ist of October, 1840, and be allowed to re serve the right, of using the water at the Planter’s Hotel, free of expense, for ten years, from the date of the purchase. Resolved, That in the event of the purchase authorized in the preceding resolution, being com pleted, hydrant water be furnished on Broad-street, free of expense, at every cross street at which a pump is, or ought to be placed. Resolved, That the Committee on Pumps be instructed to have the leaks in the City Reservoir closed, with as little delay as possible. Resolved, That the Committee on Streets be instructed to advertise for proposals for Paving, under their direction, the side-walks on Broad street, 14 feet wide, from Gumming to Mill sUccts, at the expense of the Lot-holders, accord ing to the provisions of the 50th section of the General Ordinance, and take bond, with good se curity, for the performance of the work before the Ist of October next, Also, that the said Commit tee be instructed to have such portion of the saiil walks, described in this resolution, us arc now too low, sufficiently raised to receive the pavement. By Mr. Dye, Resolved, That in cases to be prosecuted before the Superior Court, the Marshal of the City be made the prosecutor, and the City Treasurer be his security for the prosecution. Council adjourned. 8. H. OLIVER, Clerk of Council. The following gentlemen have been appointed by his Honor the Mayor, as health Commilteeain the Wards respectively attached to their names; Messrs. G. F. Parish,} P. H. Marti, C Ward No. 1. 8. H. Oliver,} M. M. Die, , } T. I. What, ( Ward No, 2, J. G. Dlslap,} J. B. Bishop, } B. W. Fohce, C Ward No, 3. T. Richards, j C. B. Hitt, } E. B. C Ward No, 4. J. J. Gobi*. }